Nabors Indsustries Financials

NBR

Source SEC Filings (10-K/10-Q) Updated Feb 13, 2026 Currency USD FYE February

This page shows Nabors Indsustries (NBR) financial statements, including the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, and key financial ratios. View 19 years of annual fundamentals and quarterly data, with year-over-year growth rates and compound annual growth rates (CAGR). All figures are derived from SEC filings (10-K and 10-Q reports).

Financial Health Signals

Financial Profile 36/100

Based on FY2025 annual data. Scores normalized against common benchmarks. How we calculate these scores

Profitability

Nabors Indsustries has an operating margin of 14.8%, meaning the company retains $15 of operating profit per $100 of revenue. This strong profitability earns a score of 74/100, reflecting efficient cost management and pricing power. This is up from 14.2% the prior year.

Growth

Nabors Indsustries's revenue declined 99.9% year-over-year, from $2.9B to $3.2M. This contraction results in a growth score of 0/100.

Leverage

Nabors Indsustries has elevated debt relative to equity (D/E of 3.58), meaning the company relies heavily on borrowed funds. This high leverage results in a low score of 0/100, reflecting increased financial risk.

Liquidity

Nabors Indsustries's current ratio of 1.56 indicates adequate short-term liquidity, earning a score of 43/100. The company can meet its near-term obligations, though with limited headroom.

Cash Flow

While Nabors Indsustries generated $693K in operating cash flow, capex of $716K consumed most of it, leaving -$23K in free cash flow. This results in a low score of 0/100, reflecting heavy capital investment rather than weak cash generation.

Returns

100

Nabors Indsustries earns a strong 48.5% return on equity (ROE), meaning it generates $49 of profit for every $100 of shareholders' equity. This efficient capital use earns a returns score of 100/100.

Altman Z-Score Safe

179.16

Nabors Indsustries scores 179.16, well above the 2.99 safe threshold. The score is driven primarily by a large market capitalization ($991.6M) relative to total liabilities ($3.4M). This indicates low bankruptcy risk based on profitability, leverage, and asset efficiency.

Piotroski F-Score Neutral

6/9

Nabors Indsustries passes 6 of 9 financial strength tests. All 4 profitability signals pass (positive income, cash flow, and earnings quality), 1 of 3 leverage/liquidity signals pass, both operating efficiency signals pass.

Earnings Quality Cash-Backed

2.42x

For every $1 of reported earnings, Nabors Indsustries generates $2.42 in operating cash flow ($693K OCF vs $287K net income). This indicates profits are well-supported by actual cash generation, not accounting adjustments.

Interest Coverage Adequate

2.2x

Nabors Indsustries earns $2.2 in operating income for every $1 of interest expense ($471K vs $215K). This adequate coverage means the company can meet its interest obligations, but has limited cushion if earnings fall.

Key Financial Metrics

Export CSV

Revenue

$3.2M

YoY-99.9%

5Y CAGR-72.8%

10Y CAGR-50.8%

Nabors Indsustries generated $3.2M in revenue in fiscal year 2025. This represents a decrease of 99.9% from the prior year.

EBITDA

$472K

YoY-100.0%

5Y CAGR-76.7%

10Y CAGR-54.7%

Nabors Indsustries's EBITDA was $472K in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. This represents a decrease of 100.0% from the prior year.

Free Cash Flow

-$23K

YoY-100.2%

Nabors Indsustries generated -$23K in free cash flow in fiscal year 2025, representing cash available after capex. This represents a decrease of 100.2% from the prior year.

Net Income

$287K

YoY+100.2%

Nabors Indsustries reported $287K in net income in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 100.2% from the prior year.

EPS (Diluted)

$17.39

YoY+177.7%

Nabors Indsustries earned $17.39 per diluted share (EPS) in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 177.7% from the prior year.

Cash & Debt

$941K

YoY-99.8%

5Y CAGR-71.2%

10Y CAGR-42.9%

Nabors Indsustries held $941K in cash against $2.1M in long-term debt as of fiscal year 2025.

Dividends Per Share

N/A

Shares Outstanding

16M

YoY+47.1%

Nabors Indsustries had 16M shares outstanding in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 47.1% from the prior year.

Gross Margin

N/A

Operating Margin

14.8%

YoY+0.6pp

5Y CAGR+22.8pp

10Y CAGR+6.6pp

Nabors Indsustries's operating margin was 14.8% in fiscal year 2025, reflecting core business profitability. This is up 0.6 percentage points from the prior year.

Net Margin

9.0%

YoY+15.0pp

5Y CAGR+46.8pp

10Y CAGR+18.6pp

Nabors Indsustries's net profit margin was 9.0% in fiscal year 2025, showing the share of revenue converted to profit. This is up 15.0 percentage points from the prior year.

Return on Equity

48.5%

Nabors Indsustries's ROE was 48.5% in fiscal year 2025, measuring profit generated per dollar of shareholder equity.

R&D Spending

$53K

YoY-99.9%

5Y CAGR-72.5%

10Y CAGR-48.6%

Nabors Indsustries invested $53K in research and development in fiscal year 2025. This represents a decrease of 99.9% from the prior year.

Share Buybacks

N/A

Capital Expenditures

$716K

YoY-99.9%

5Y CAGR-67.4%

10Y CAGR-50.8%

Nabors Indsustries invested $716K in capex in fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure. This represents a decrease of 99.9% from the prior year.

NBR Income Statement

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Revenue	$3.2M-99.9%	$2.9B-2.5%	$3.0B+13.3%	$2.7B+31.5%	$2.0B-5.5%	$2.1B
Cost of Revenue	N/A	N/A	$1.8B+7.5%	$1.7B+29.5%	$1.3B-3.5%	$1.3B
Gross Profit	N/A	N/A	$1.2B+23.1%	$987.8M+35.2%	$730.7M-8.8%	$801.0M
R&D Expenses	$53K-99.9%	$57.1M+1.4%	$56.3M+12.7%	$49.9M+42.1%	$35.2M+4.7%	$33.6M
SG&A Expenses	$305K-99.9%	$249.3M+2.1%	$244.1M+6.9%	$228.4M+7.0%	$213.6M+4.9%	$203.5M
Operating Income	$471K-99.9%	$416.8M-3.9%	$433.7M+878.6%	$44.3M+154.9%	-$80.8M+52.9%	-$171.5M
Interest Expense	$215K-99.9%	$210.9M+13.8%	$185.3M+4.2%	$177.9M+3.7%	$171.5M-16.9%	$206.3M
Income Tax	$163K-99.7%	$56.9M-28.1%	$79.2M+28.7%	$61.5M+10.6%	$55.6M-2.9%	$57.3M
Net Income	$287K+100.2%	-$176.1M-1394.3%	-$11.8M+96.6%	-$350.3M+38.5%	-$569.3M+29.3%	-$805.6M
EPS (Diluted)	$17.39+177.7%	$-22.37-307.5%	$-5.49+86.5%	$-40.52+47.1%	$-76.58+35.5%	$-118.69

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Revenue	$797.5M-2.5%	$818.2M-1.8%	$832.8M+13.1%	$736.2M+0.9%	$729.8M-0.3%	$731.8M-0.4%	$734.8M+0.1%	$733.7M
Cost of Revenue	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	$431.7M-1.9%	$440.2M+0.7%	$437.1M
Gross Profit	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	$300.1M+1.9%	$294.6M-0.7%	$296.6M
R&D Expenses	$13.3M+2.7%	$13.0M+2.0%	$12.7M-9.4%	$14.0M-2.8%	$14.4M+0.2%	$14.4M+0.3%	$14.4M+3.6%	$13.9M
SG&A Expenses	$76.3M-1.0%	$77.1M-6.8%	$82.7M+20.8%	$68.5M+11.5%	$61.4M-4.0%	$64.0M+2.9%	$62.2M+0.7%	$61.8M
Operating Income	$218.2M+70.8%	$127.8M+74.1%	$73.4M+41.9%	$51.7M-72.7%	$189.7M+79.1%	$105.9M+82.8%	$57.9M-8.5%	$63.3M
Interest Expense	$50.6M-6.8%	$54.3M-3.1%	$56.1M+3.2%	$54.3M+1.3%	$53.6M-3.1%	$55.4M+7.5%	$51.5M+2.2%	$50.4M
Income Tax	$7.4M-93.7%	$117.6M+409.5%	$23.1M+53.8%	$15.0M-1.5%	$15.2M+50.5%	$10.1M-34.9%	$15.6M-3.1%	$16.0M
Net Income	$10.3M-96.2%	$274.2M+987.1%	-$30.9M-193.7%	$33.0M+161.5%	-$53.7M+3.9%	-$55.8M-73.1%	-$32.3M+6.1%	-$34.3M
EPS (Diluted)	$1.07-93.6%	$16.85+721.8%	$-2.71-224.3%	$2.18+132.6%	$-6.68+2.6%	$-6.86-59.9%	$-4.29+5.5%	$-4.54

NBR Balance Sheet

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Total Assets	$4.8M-99.9%	$4.5B-14.7%	$5.3B+11.6%	$4.7B-14.4%	$5.5B+0.4%	$5.5B
Current Assets	$1.6M-99.8%	$999.5M-39.3%	$1.6B+64.5%	$1.0B-33.4%	$1.5B+32.7%	$1.1B
Cash & Equivalents	$941K-99.8%	$389.7M-63.2%	$1.1B+134.5%	$451.0M-54.5%	$991.5M+109.9%	$472.2M
Inventory	$95K-99.9%	$130.0M-12.1%	$147.8M+15.5%	$127.9M+1.2%	$126.4M-21.3%	$160.6M
Accounts Receivable	$392K-99.9%	$388.0M+11.5%	$347.8M+6.2%	$327.4M+13.8%	$287.6M-20.8%	$363.0M
Goodwill	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Total Liabilities	$3.4M-99.9%	$4.4B+9.3%	$4.0B+13.7%	$3.5B-14.9%	$4.1B+8.6%	$3.8B
Current Liabilities	$993K-99.8%	$571.9M-52.9%	$1.2B+103.6%	$596.4M+13.5%	$525.2M+1.9%	$515.5M
Long-Term Debt	$2.1M-99.9%	$2.5B-0.3%	$2.5B-1.0%	$2.5B-22.2%	$3.3B+9.9%	$3.0B
Total Equity	$591K-99.6%	$135.0M-58.7%	$326.6M-11.5%	$369.0M-37.5%	$590.7M-48.7%	$1.2B
Retained Earnings	$1.8M+100.1%	-$2.1B-10.9%	-$1.9B-2.4%	-$1.8B-19.7%	-$1.5B-62.6%	-$946.1M

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Total Assets	$4.8B-0.9%	$4.8B-4.1%	$5.0B0.0%	$5.0B+11.9%	$4.5B-1.1%	$4.6B-1.3%	$4.6B-0.6%	$4.6B
Current Assets	$1.6B+8.9%	$1.4B+19.0%	$1.2B-0.2%	$1.2B+19.9%	$999.5M-6.8%	$1.1B-0.5%	$1.1B+0.3%	$1.1B
Cash & Equivalents	$940.7M+119.8%	$428.1M+10.5%	$387.3M-2.3%	$396.5M+1.7%	$389.7M-13.7%	$451.6M-3.1%	$466.0M+12.9%	$412.9M
Inventory	$94.8M-12.5%	$108.3M+0.8%	$107.5M-8.2%	$117.0M-9.9%	$130.0M-8.4%	$141.9M-4.0%	$147.8M-1.4%	$149.8M
Accounts Receivable	$391.7M-19.6%	$487.1M-9.3%	$537.1M-2.3%	$549.6M+41.7%	$388.0M+0.8%	$384.7M+4.4%	$368.6M-11.6%	$416.9M
Goodwill	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Total Liabilities	$3.4B-21.2%	$4.3B-10.1%	$4.7B+0.7%	$4.7B+7.5%	$4.4B+0.2%	$4.4B-0.1%	$4.4B+0.2%	$4.4B
Current Liabilities	$993.0M+46.0%	$680.2M+1.6%	$669.4M+0.3%	$667.6M+16.7%	$571.9M+0.1%	$571.6M-3.3%	$590.9M-1.9%	$602.4M
Long-Term Debt	$2.1B-9.8%	$2.3B-12.2%	$2.7B-0.5%	$2.7B+7.2%	$2.5B+0.1%	$2.5B-0.4%	$2.5B+0.1%	$2.5B
Total Equity	$590.7M+1.9%	$579.8M+88.2%	$308.0M-10.1%	$342.7M+153.8%	$135.0M-29.5%	$191.4M-23.6%	$250.4M-12.6%	$286.3M
Retained Earnings	-$1.8B+0.1%	-$1.8B+12.6%	-$2.1B-1.9%	-$2.1B+1.2%	-$2.1B-3.0%	-$2.0B-3.2%	-$2.0B-2.1%	-$1.9B

NBR Cash Flow Statement

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Operating Cash Flow	$693K-99.9%	$581.4M-8.8%	$637.9M+27.3%	$501.1M+16.9%	$428.8M+22.6%	$349.8M
Capital Expenditures	$716K-99.9%	$567.9M+5.0%	$540.9M+44.8%	$373.4M+59.6%	$234.0M+19.7%	$195.5M
Free Cash Flow	-$23K-100.2%	$13.5M-86.1%	$97.0M-24.0%	$127.6M-34.5%	$194.7M+26.3%	$154.2M
Investing Cash Flow	$97K+100.0%	-$555.5M+2.6%	-$570.4M-54.7%	-$368.7M-214.5%	-$117.2M+29.2%	-$165.5M
Financing Cash Flow	$567K+100.1%	-$662.0M-211.7%	$592.6M+189.6%	-$661.5M-235.4%	$488.4M+430.0%	-$148.0M
Dividends Paid	N/A	$87K-55.2%	$194K+198.5%	$65K-99.1%	$7.4M-67.3%	$22.5M
Share Buybacks	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Operating Cash Flow	$245.8M+18.3%	$207.9M+36.9%	$151.8M+73.0%	$87.7M-41.1%	$148.9M+3.7%	$143.6M-20.9%	$181.7M+69.4%	$107.2M
Capital Expenditures	$162.1M-13.8%	$188.1M-5.3%	$198.5M+20.4%	$165.0M-20.7%	$208.0M+76.4%	$117.9M-14.7%	$138.3M+32.1%	$104.6M
Free Cash Flow	$83.8M+322.6%	$19.8M+142.4%	-$46.7M+39.5%	-$77.2M-30.6%	-$59.1M-330.0%	$25.7M-40.8%	$43.4M+1561.9%	$2.6M
Investing Cash Flow	$141.4M-15.0%	$166.5M+222.5%	-$135.9M-81.5%	-$74.9M+63.0%	-$202.2M-60.4%	-$126.1M-4.7%	-$120.5M-13.0%	-$106.6M
Financing Cash Flow	-$27.3M+94.7%	-$518.2M-2572.4%	-$19.4M-890.3%	-$2.0M-6892.9%	-$28K+99.9%	-$25.7M-1984.7%	-$1.2M+99.8%	-$635.1M
Dividends Paid	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	$0	$0	$0-100.0%	$87K
Share Buybacks	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

NBR Financial Ratios

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Gross Margin	N/A	N/A	40.4%+3.2pp	37.2%+1.0pp	36.2%-1.3pp	37.5%
Operating Margin	14.8%+0.6pp	14.2%-0.2pp	14.4%+12.8pp	1.7%+5.7pp	-4.0%+4.0pp	-8.0%
Net Margin	9.0%+15.0pp	-6.0%-5.6pp	-0.4%+12.8pp	-13.2%+15.0pp	-28.2%+9.5pp	-37.8%
Return on Equity	48.5%	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Return on Assets	6.0%+9.9pp	-3.9%-3.7pp	-0.2%+7.2pp	-7.4%+2.9pp	-10.3%+4.3pp	-14.6%
Current Ratio	1.56-0.2	1.75+0.4	1.36-0.3	1.68-1.2	2.86+0.7	2.19
Debt-to-Equity	3.58-15.0	18.56+10.9	7.69+0.8	6.88+1.4	5.52+2.9	2.58
FCF Margin	-0.7%-1.2pp	0.5%-2.8pp	3.2%-1.6pp	4.8%-4.8pp	9.7%+2.4pp	7.2%

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Gross Margin	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	41.0%+0.9pp	40.1%-0.3pp	40.4%
Operating Margin	27.4%+11.7pp	15.6%+6.8pp	8.8%+1.8pp	7.0%-19.0pp	26.0%+11.5pp	14.5%+6.6pp	7.9%-0.8pp	8.6%
Net Margin	1.3%-32.2pp	33.5%+37.2pp	-3.7%-8.2pp	4.5%+11.8pp	-7.3%+0.3pp	-7.6%-3.2pp	-4.4%+0.3pp	-4.7%
Return on Equity	1.8%-45.5pp	47.3%	N/A	9.6%	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Return on Assets	0.2%-5.5pp	5.7%+6.3pp	-0.6%-1.3pp	0.7%+1.8pp	-1.2%+0.0pp	-1.2%-0.5pp	-0.7%+0.0pp	-0.7%
Current Ratio	1.56-0.5	2.09+0.3	1.790.0	1.80+0.0	1.75-0.1	1.88+0.1	1.82+0.0	1.78
Debt-to-Equity	3.58-0.5	4.05-4.6	8.68+0.8	7.84-10.7	18.56+5.5	13.08+3.0	10.04+1.3	8.77
FCF Margin	10.5%+8.1pp	2.4%+8.0pp	-5.6%+4.9pp	-10.5%-2.4pp	-8.1%-11.6pp	3.5%-2.4pp	5.9%+5.5pp	0.4%

Similar Companies

Precision Drilng PDS

$1.1B

BORR DRILLING LTD BORR

$1.7B

Transocean RIG

$7.2B

Patterson-Uti Energy Inc PTEN

$3.1B

Seadrill SDRL

$2.7B

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Nabors Indsustries's annual revenue?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) reported $3.2M in total revenue for fiscal year 2025. This represents a -99.9% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Revenue measures the total income earned from the company's primary business operations before any expenses are deducted.

How fast is Nabors Indsustries's revenue growing?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) revenue declined by 99.9% year-over-year, from $2.9B to $3.2M in fiscal year 2025.

Is Nabors Indsustries profitable?

Yes, Nabors Indsustries (NBR) reported a net income of $287K in fiscal year 2025, with a net profit margin of 9.0%.

What is Nabors Indsustries's earnings per share (EPS)?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) reported diluted earnings per share of $17.39 for fiscal year 2025. This represents a 177.7% change compared to the previous fiscal year. EPS represents the portion of a company's net income allocated to each outstanding share of common stock and is widely used to evaluate profitability on a per-share basis.

What is Nabors Indsustries's EBITDA?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had EBITDA of $472K in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

How much debt does Nabors Indsustries have?

As of fiscal year 2025, Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had $941K in cash and equivalents against $2.1M in long-term debt.

What is Nabors Indsustries's operating margin?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had an operating margin of 14.8% in fiscal year 2025, reflecting the profitability of core business operations before interest and taxes.

What is Nabors Indsustries's net profit margin?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had a net profit margin of 9.0% in fiscal year 2025, representing the share of revenue converted into profit after all expenses.

What is Nabors Indsustries's return on equity (ROE)?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) has a return on equity of 48.5% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company generates profit from shareholder equity.

What is Nabors Indsustries's free cash flow?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) generated -$23K in free cash flow during fiscal year 2025. This represents a -100.2% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Free cash flow represents the cash a company generates after accounting for capital expenditures, and is widely used to assess financial flexibility and shareholder value.

What is Nabors Indsustries's operating cash flow?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) generated $693K in operating cash flow during fiscal year 2025, representing cash generated from core business activities.

What are Nabors Indsustries's total assets?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had $4.8M in total assets as of fiscal year 2025, including both current and long-term assets.

What are Nabors Indsustries's capital expenditures?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) invested $716K in capital expenditures during fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure.

How much does Nabors Indsustries spend on research and development?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) invested $53K in research and development during fiscal year 2025.

How many shares does Nabors Indsustries have outstanding?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had 16M shares outstanding as of fiscal year 2025.

What is Nabors Indsustries's current ratio?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had a current ratio of 1.56 as of fiscal year 2025, which is generally considered healthy.

What is Nabors Indsustries's debt-to-equity ratio?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had a debt-to-equity ratio of 3.58 as of fiscal year 2025, measuring the company's financial leverage by comparing total debt to shareholder equity.

What is Nabors Indsustries's return on assets (ROA)?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) had a return on assets of 6.0% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company uses its assets to generate profit.

What is Nabors Indsustries's Altman Z-Score?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) has an Altman Z-Score of 179.16, placing it in the Safe Zone (low bankruptcy risk). The Z-Score combines five financial ratios—working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market capitalization, and revenue relative to total assets—to predict the likelihood of bankruptcy. Scores above 2.99 indicate financial safety while scores below 1.81 suggest financial distress. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

What is Nabors Indsustries's Piotroski F-Score?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) has a Piotroski F-Score of 6 out of 9, indicating neutral financial health. The F-Score evaluates nine binary signals across profitability (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, earnings quality), leverage (decreasing debt, improving liquidity, no share dilution), and operating efficiency (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Scores of 7–9 indicate strong and improving fundamentals. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

Are Nabors Indsustries's earnings high quality?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) has an earnings quality ratio of 2.42x, considered cash-backed (high quality). This ratio compares operating cash flow to net income. A ratio above 1.0x means the company generates more cash than its reported earnings, indicating sustainable, cash-backed profits. Ratios below 1.0x suggest earnings rely on accounting accruals rather than actual cash generation. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

Can Nabors Indsustries cover its interest payments?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) has an interest coverage ratio of 2.2x, meaning it can adequately cover its interest obligations. This ratio divides operating income by interest expense. Ratios above 5x indicate strong debt-servicing ability, while ratios below 2x suggest the company may face difficulty meeting interest payments if earnings decline. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

How financially healthy is Nabors Indsustries?

Nabors Indsustries (NBR) scores 36 out of 100 on our Financial Profile, indicating weak overall financial health. This composite score evaluates six dimensions: profitability (operating margin), revenue growth, leverage (debt-to-equity), liquidity (current ratio), cash flow quality (free cash flow margin), and shareholder returns (return on equity). Each dimension is normalized against standard financial benchmarks. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.