What is Southern Co's earnings per share (EPS)?

Southern Co (SOJD) reported diluted earnings per share of $3.92 for fiscal year 2025. This represents a -1.8% change compared to the previous fiscal year. EPS represents the portion of a company's net income allocated to each outstanding share of common stock and is widely used to evaluate profitability on a per-share basis.

Southern Co Financials

SOJD

Source SEC Filings (10-K/10-Q) Updated Mar 31, 2026 Currency USD FYE December

This page shows Southern Co (SOJD) financial statements, including the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, and key financial ratios. View 19 years of annual fundamentals and quarterly data, with year-over-year growth rates and compound annual growth rates (CAGR). All figures are derived from SEC filings (10-K and 10-Q reports).

Rhea AI SOJD FY2025 2026-04-22

SOJD's core mechanic is turning steady operating profit into heavy asset reinvestment, leaving free cash flow dependent on capex timing rather than earnings.

The swing from $833M of free cash flow in FY2024 to -$2.9B in FY2025 did not come from weaker operations: operating cash flow was nearly flat at about $9.8B, while capital spending jumped from $9.0B to $12.7B. That makes reinvestment intensity, not reported profit, the main constraint on cash because net income still stayed above $4.3B.

Across FY2022-FY2025, operating margin expanded from 18.3% to 24.7% even though revenue dipped in FY2023, so earnings improved through the cycle rather than only in straight-line growth years. Interest expense also climbed from $2.0B to $3.2B, meaning a larger share of operating gains is being absorbed by financing the asset base.

The balance sheet looks capital-hungry rather than cash-rich: long-term debt reached $65.6B, debt-to-equity stayed near 1.8x, and the current ratio was only 0.6x in FY2025. With cash of just $1.6B against current liabilities of $16.9B, day-to-day flexibility depends more on recurring cash generation and financing access than on a large cash buffer.

Financial Health Signals

Financial Profile 41/100

Based on FY2025 annual data, averaged across the last 3 years for performance metrics (most-recent year weighted highest). How this score is calculated →

Health score ≠ stock price. This rates the quality of Southern Co's business: profitability, growth, balance sheet strength. It doesn't tell you whether the stock is a good buy at today's price. Not financial advice. Use it alongside valuation analysis and your own research.

Profitability

Southern Co has an operating margin of 24.6%, meaning the company retains $25 of operating profit per $100 of revenue. This strong profitability earns a score of 77/100, reflecting efficient cost management and pricing power. This is down from 26.5% the prior year.

Growth

Southern Co's revenue grew 10.6% year-over-year to $29.6B, a solid pace of expansion. This earns a growth score of 47/100.

Leverage

Southern Co carries a low D/E ratio of 1.82, meaning only $1.82 of long-term debt for every $1 of shareholders' equity. This conservative leverage earns a score of 65/100, indicating a strong balance sheet with room for future borrowing.

Liquidity

Southern Co's current ratio of 0.65 is below the typical benchmark, resulting in a score of 7/100. This tight liquidity could limit financial flexibility if cash inflows slow.

Cash Flow

While Southern Co generated $9.8B in operating cash flow, capex of $12.7B consumed most of it, leaving -$2.9B in free cash flow. This results in a low score of 12/100, reflecting heavy capital investment rather than weak cash generation.

Returns

Southern Co's ROE of 12.0% shows moderate profitability relative to equity, earning a score of 39/100. This is down from 13.3% the prior year.

Piotroski F-Score Neutral

4/9

Southern Co passes 4 of 9 financial strength tests. 3 of 4 profitability signals pass, no leverage/liquidity signals pass (rising debt, declining liquidity, or share dilution), both operating efficiency signals pass.

Earnings Quality Cash-Backed

2.26x

For every $1 of reported earnings, Southern Co generates $2.26 in operating cash flow ($9.8B OCF vs $4.3B net income). This indicates profits are well-supported by actual cash generation, not accounting adjustments.

Interest Coverage Adequate

2.2x

Southern Co earns $2.2 in operating income for every $1 of interest expense ($7.3B vs $3.2B). This adequate coverage means the company can meet its interest obligations, but has limited cushion if earnings fall.

Key Financial Metrics

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Earnings & Revenue

Revenue

$29.6B

YoY+10.6%

5Y CAGR+7.7%

10Y CAGR+5.4%

Southern Co generated $29.6B in revenue in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 10.6% from the prior year.

EBITDA

$13.3B

YoY+8.0%

5Y CAGR+8.7%

10Y CAGR+7.1%

Southern Co's EBITDA was $13.3B in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. This represents an increase of 8.0% from the prior year.

Net Income

$4.3B

YoY-1.4%

5Y CAGR+6.9%

10Y CAGR+6.0%

Southern Co reported $4.3B in net income in fiscal year 2025. This represents a decrease of 1.4% from the prior year.

EPS (Diluted)

$3.92

YoY-1.8%

5Y CAGR+6.0%

10Y CAGR+4.2%

Southern Co earned $3.92 per diluted share (EPS) in fiscal year 2025. This represents a decrease of 1.8% from the prior year.

Cash & Balance Sheet

Free Cash Flow

-$2.9B

YoY-452.3%

Southern Co generated -$2.9B in free cash flow in fiscal year 2025, representing cash available after capex. This represents a decrease of 452.3% from the prior year.

Cash & Debt

$1.6B

YoY+53.2%

5Y CAGR+9.0%

10Y CAGR+1.6%

Southern Co held $1.6B in cash against $65.6B in long-term debt as of fiscal year 2025.

Dividends Per Share

$2.94

YoY+2.8%

5Y CAGR+3.0%

10Y CAGR+3.2%

Southern Co paid $2.94 per share in dividends in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 2.8% from the prior year.

Shares Outstanding

1.12B

YoY+2.1%

5Y CAGR+1.2%

10Y CAGR+2.1%

Southern Co had 1.12B shares outstanding in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 2.1% from the prior year.

Margins & Returns

Gross Margin

N/A

Operating Margin

24.6%

YoY-1.8pp

5Y CAGR+0.7pp

10Y CAGR+0.2pp

Southern Co's operating margin was 24.6% in fiscal year 2025, reflecting core business profitability. This is down 1.8 percentage points from the prior year.

Net Margin

14.7%

YoY-1.8pp

5Y CAGR-0.5pp

10Y CAGR+0.8pp

Southern Co's net profit margin was 14.7% in fiscal year 2025, showing the share of revenue converted to profit. This is down 1.8 percentage points from the prior year.

Return on Equity

12.0%

YoY-1.2pp

5Y CAGR+1.0pp

10Y CAGR+0.2pp

Southern Co's ROE was 12.0% in fiscal year 2025, measuring profit generated per dollar of shareholder equity. This is down 1.2 percentage points from the prior year.

Capital Allocation

R&D Spending

N/A

Share Buybacks

N/A

Capital Expenditures

$12.7B

YoY+42.2%

5Y CAGR+11.1%

10Y CAGR+8.4%

Southern Co invested $12.7B in capex in fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure. This represents an increase of 42.2% from the prior year.

SOJD Income Statement

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Revenue	$29.6B+10.6%	$26.7B+5.8%	$25.3B-13.8%	$29.3B+26.7%	$23.1B+13.4%	$20.4B
Cost of Revenue	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Gross Profit	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
R&D Expenses	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
SG&A Expenses	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Operating Income	$7.3B+3.1%	$7.1B+21.3%	$5.8B+8.5%	$5.4B+45.2%	$3.7B-24.3%	$4.9B
Interest Expense	$3.2B+18.0%	$2.7B+12.1%	$2.4B+21.0%	$2.0B+10.1%	$1.8B+0.9%	$1.8B
Income Tax	$828.0M-14.6%	$969.0M+95.4%	$496.0M-37.6%	$795.0M+197.8%	$267.0M-32.1%	$393.0M
Net Income	$4.3B-1.4%	$4.4B+10.7%	$4.0B+16.0%	$3.4B+48.5%	$2.3B-25.6%	$3.1B
EPS (Diluted)	$3.92-1.8%	$3.99+10.2%	$3.62+11.0%	$3.26+45.5%	$2.24-23.5%	$2.93

Metric	Q1'26	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24
Revenue	$8.4B+20.3%	$7.0B-10.8%	$7.8B+12.2%	$7.0B-10.3%	$7.8B+22.6%	$6.3B-12.8%	$7.3B+12.5%	$6.5B
Cost of Revenue	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Gross Profit	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
R&D Expenses	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
SG&A Expenses	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Operating Income	$2.0B+120.1%	$917.0M-64.6%	$2.6B+47.1%	$1.8B-12.2%	$2.0B+90.0%	$1.1B-55.3%	$2.4B+22.1%	$1.9B
Interest Expense	$778.0M-13.1%	$895.0M+18.5%	$755.0M-13.6%	$874.0M+22.4%	$714.0M+3.2%	$692.0M0.0%	$692.0M-0.3%	$694.0M
Income Tax	$228.0M+257.2%	-$145.0M-135.9%	$404.0M+39.8%	$289.0M+3.2%	$280.0M+254.4%	$79.0M-79.0%	$377.0M+30.0%	$290.0M
Net Income	$1.4B+226.0%	$416.0M-75.7%	$1.7B+94.4%	$880.0M-34.0%	$1.3B+125.3%	$592.0M-61.4%	$1.5B+27.6%	$1.2B
EPS (Diluted)	$1.20	N/A	$1.54+94.9%	$0.79-34.7%	$1.21	N/A	$1.39+27.5%	$1.09

SOJD Balance Sheet

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Total Assets	$155.7B+7.3%	$145.2B+4.2%	$139.3B+3.3%	$134.9B+5.8%	$127.5B+3.7%	$122.9B
Current Assets	$10.9B+2.1%	$10.7B+2.5%	$10.4B+0.2%	$10.4B+16.2%	$9.0B+4.0%	$8.6B
Cash & Equivalents	$1.6B+53.2%	$1.1B+43.0%	$748.0M-61.0%	$1.9B+6.6%	$1.8B+68.8%	$1.1B
Inventory	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Accounts Receivable	$3.1B+3.0%	$3.0B+8.1%	$2.8B-9.7%	$3.1B+24.7%	$2.5B-4.2%	$2.6B
Goodwill	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B-2.3%	$5.3B0.0%	$5.3B
Total Liabilities	$116.9B+7.7%	$108.5B+4.2%	$104.1B+3.7%	$100.4B+5.7%	$95.0B+5.0%	$90.4B
Current Liabilities	$16.9B+5.6%	$16.0B+18.8%	$13.5B-14.4%	$15.7B+44.0%	$10.9B-9.6%	$12.1B
Long-Term Debt	$65.6B+11.7%	$58.8B+2.7%	$57.2B+12.9%	$50.7B+1.1%	$50.1B+11.2%	$45.1B
Total Equity	$36.0B+8.5%	$33.2B+5.6%	$31.4B+3.4%	$30.4B+9.1%	$27.9B-0.4%	$28.0B
Retained Earnings	$14.9B+8.0%	$13.8B+10.2%	$12.5B+8.2%	$11.5B+5.6%	$10.9B-3.4%	$11.3B

Metric	Q1'26	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24
Total Assets	$157.0B+0.8%	$155.7B+1.6%	$153.2B+3.0%	$148.9B+0.5%	$148.1B+2.0%	$145.2B+0.9%	$144.0B+1.4%	$141.9B
Current Assets	$10.0B-8.8%	$10.9B-13.5%	$12.6B+16.9%	$10.8B-8.6%	$11.8B+10.5%	$10.7B-3.1%	$11.0B+0.4%	$11.0B
Cash & Equivalents	$981.0M-40.1%	$1.6B-50.9%	$3.3B+164.3%	$1.3B-45.7%	$2.3B+117.5%	$1.1B+5.1%	$1.0B-11.6%	$1.2B
Inventory	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Accounts Receivable	$3.1B-1.8%	$3.1B+6.7%	$2.9B-5.3%	$3.1B+3.3%	$3.0B-1.4%	$3.0B+3.5%	$2.9B-4.7%	$3.1B
Goodwill	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B0.0%	$5.2B
Total Liabilities	$117.1B+0.2%	$116.9B+1.6%	$115.0B+3.1%	$111.5B+0.6%	$110.9B+2.2%	$108.5B+1.4%	$107.1B+1.2%	$105.8B
Current Liabilities	$15.3B-9.3%	$16.9B+1.0%	$16.7B+14.8%	$14.6B+5.8%	$13.8B-13.9%	$16.0B+31.5%	$12.2B+1.1%	$12.0B
Long-Term Debt	$67.1B+2.3%	$65.6B+1.6%	$64.6B+2.6%	$63.0B+0.1%	$62.9B+7.1%	$58.8B-4.1%	$61.3B+2.3%	$59.9B
Total Equity	$39.9B+10.8%	$36.0B-5.9%	$38.3B+2.5%	$37.3B+0.3%	$37.2B+12.1%	$33.2B-10.0%	$36.9B+2.2%	$36.1B
Retained Earnings	N/A	$14.9B	N/A	N/A	N/A	$13.8B	N/A	N/A

SOJD Cash Flow Statement

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Operating Cash Flow	$9.8B+0.1%	$9.8B+29.6%	$7.6B+19.9%	$6.3B+2.2%	$6.2B-7.9%	$6.7B
Capital Expenditures	$12.7B+42.2%	$9.0B-1.5%	$9.1B+14.8%	$7.9B+4.4%	$7.6B+0.9%	$7.5B
Free Cash Flow	-$2.9B-452.3%	$833.0M+154.0%	-$1.5B+4.9%	-$1.6B-14.4%	-$1.4B-71.5%	-$826.0M
Investing Cash Flow	-$14.0B-48.5%	-$9.4B+2.8%	-$9.7B-14.7%	-$8.4B-14.6%	-$7.4B-4.6%	-$7.0B
Financing Cash Flow	$4.7B+2357.7%	-$208.0M-120.8%	$999.0M-57.2%	$2.3B+20.1%	$1.9B+437.7%	-$576.0M
Dividends Paid	$3.0B+2.1%	$3.0B-2.7%	$3.0B+4.4%	$2.9B+4.7%	$2.8B+3.4%	$2.7B
Share Buybacks	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

Metric	Q1'26	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24
Operating Cash Flow	$1.2B-52.8%	$2.6B-31.2%	$3.8B+73.0%	$2.2B+74.5%	$1.3B-42.5%	$2.2B-39.9%	$3.6B+34.5%	$2.7B
Capital Expenditures	$2.9B-31.3%	$4.3B+33.3%	$3.2B+14.8%	$2.8B+14.9%	$2.4B-11.3%	$2.7B+19.0%	$2.3B+8.8%	$2.1B
Free Cash Flow	-$1.7B-1.8%	-$1.7B-402.0%	$559.0M+190.3%	-$619.0M+47.9%	-$1.2B-106.1%	-$576.0M-144.1%	$1.3B+131.8%	$563.0M
Investing Cash Flow	-$3.4B+21.5%	-$4.4B-12.8%	-$3.9B-33.3%	-$2.9B-2.3%	-$2.8B-4.1%	-$2.7B-10.8%	-$2.5B-33.7%	-$1.8B
Financing Cash Flow	$1.5B+2427.9%	$61.0M-97.2%	$2.2B+723.0%	-$348.0M-112.4%	$2.8B+373.1%	$595.0M+145.2%	-$1.3B-178.8%	-$472.0M
Dividends Paid	$776.0M+2.0%	$761.0M+0.1%	$760.0M+0.3%	$758.0M+3.0%	$736.0M+0.3%	$734.0M+0.1%	$733.0M-2.8%	$754.0M
Share Buybacks	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

SOJD Financial Ratios

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Gross Margin	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Operating Margin	24.6%-1.8pp	26.5%+3.4pp	23.1%+4.7pp	18.3%+2.3pp	16.0%-8.0pp	24.0%
Net Margin	14.7%-1.8pp	16.5%+0.7pp	15.7%+4.0pp	11.7%+1.7pp	10.0%-5.2pp	15.2%
Return on Equity	12.0%-1.2pp	13.3%+0.6pp	12.6%+1.4pp	11.3%+3.0pp	8.3%-2.8pp	11.1%
Return on Assets	2.8%-0.2pp	3.0%+0.2pp	2.9%+0.3pp	2.5%+0.7pp	1.8%-0.7pp	2.5%
Current Ratio	0.65-0.0	0.67-0.1	0.77+0.1	0.66-0.2	0.82+0.1	0.71
Debt-to-Equity	1.82+0.1	1.77-0.0	1.82+0.2	1.67-0.1	1.80+0.2	1.61
FCF Margin	-9.9%-13.1pp	3.1%+9.2pp	-6.1%-0.6pp	-5.5%+0.6pp	-6.1%-2.1pp	-4.0%

Metric	Q1'26	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24
Gross Margin	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Operating Margin	24.0%+10.9pp	13.1%-20.0pp	33.2%+7.9pp	25.3%-0.6pp	25.9%+9.2pp	16.7%-15.9pp	32.6%+2.6pp	30.0%
Net Margin	16.2%+10.2pp	6.0%-15.9pp	21.9%+9.3pp	12.6%-4.5pp	17.2%+7.8pp	9.3%-11.8pp	21.1%+2.5pp	18.6%
Return on Equity	3.4%+2.2pp	1.2%-3.3pp	4.5%+2.1pp	2.4%-1.2pp	3.6%+1.8pp	1.8%-2.4pp	4.2%+0.8pp	3.3%
Return on Assets	0.9%+0.6pp	0.3%-0.9pp	1.1%+0.5pp	0.6%-0.3pp	0.9%+0.5pp	0.4%-0.7pp	1.1%+0.2pp	0.9%
Current Ratio	0.650.0	0.65-0.1	0.75+0.0	0.74-0.1	0.86+0.2	0.67-0.2	0.910.0	0.91
Debt-to-Equity	1.68-0.1	1.82+0.1	1.690.0	1.690.0	1.69-0.1	1.77+0.1	1.660.0	1.66
FCF Margin	-20.5%+3.7pp	-24.2%-31.3pp	7.1%+16.0pp	-8.9%+6.4pp	-15.3%-6.2pp	-9.1%-27.0pp	17.9%+9.2pp	8.7%

Note: The current ratio is below 1.0 (0.65), indicating current liabilities exceed current assets, which may suggest potential short-term liquidity concerns.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Southern Co's annual revenue?

Southern Co (SOJD) reported $29.6B in total revenue for fiscal year 2025. This represents a 10.6% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Revenue measures the total income earned from the company's primary business operations before any expenses are deducted.

How fast is Southern Co's revenue growing?

Southern Co (SOJD) revenue grew by 10.6% year-over-year, from $26.7B to $29.6B in fiscal year 2025.

Is Southern Co profitable?

Yes, Southern Co (SOJD) reported a net income of $4.3B in fiscal year 2025, with a net profit margin of 14.7%.

What is Southern Co's EBITDA?

Southern Co (SOJD) had EBITDA of $13.3B in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

How much debt does Southern Co have?

As of fiscal year 2025, Southern Co (SOJD) had $1.6B in cash and equivalents against $65.6B in long-term debt.

What is Southern Co's operating margin?

Southern Co (SOJD) had an operating margin of 24.6% in fiscal year 2025, reflecting the profitability of core business operations before interest and taxes.

What is Southern Co's net profit margin?

Southern Co (SOJD) had a net profit margin of 14.7% in fiscal year 2025, representing the share of revenue converted into profit after all expenses.

Does Southern Co pay dividends?

Yes, Southern Co (SOJD) paid $2.94 per share in dividends during fiscal year 2025.

What is Southern Co's return on equity (ROE)?

Southern Co (SOJD) has a return on equity of 12.0% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company generates profit from shareholder equity.

What is Southern Co's free cash flow?

Southern Co (SOJD) generated -$2.9B in free cash flow during fiscal year 2025. This represents a -452.3% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Free cash flow represents the cash a company generates after accounting for capital expenditures, and is widely used to assess financial flexibility and shareholder value.

What is Southern Co's operating cash flow?

Southern Co (SOJD) generated $9.8B in operating cash flow during fiscal year 2025, representing cash generated from core business activities.

What are Southern Co's total assets?

Southern Co (SOJD) had $155.7B in total assets as of fiscal year 2025, including both current and long-term assets.

What are Southern Co's capital expenditures?

Southern Co (SOJD) invested $12.7B in capital expenditures during fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure.

How many shares does Southern Co have outstanding?

Southern Co (SOJD) had 1.12B shares outstanding as of fiscal year 2025.

What is Southern Co's current ratio?

Southern Co (SOJD) had a current ratio of 0.65 as of fiscal year 2025, which is below 1.0, which may suggest potential liquidity concerns.

What is Southern Co's debt-to-equity ratio?

Southern Co (SOJD) had a debt-to-equity ratio of 1.82 as of fiscal year 2025, measuring the company's financial leverage by comparing total debt to shareholder equity.

What is Southern Co's return on assets (ROA)?

Southern Co (SOJD) had a return on assets of 2.8% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company uses its assets to generate profit.

What is Southern Co's Piotroski F-Score?

Southern Co (SOJD) has a Piotroski F-Score of 4 out of 9, indicating neutral financial health. The F-Score evaluates nine binary signals across profitability (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, earnings quality), leverage (decreasing debt, improving liquidity, no share dilution), and operating efficiency (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Scores of 7 to 9 indicate strong and improving fundamentals. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

Are Southern Co's earnings high quality?

Southern Co (SOJD) has an earnings quality ratio of 2.26x, considered cash-backed (high quality). This ratio compares operating cash flow to net income. A ratio above 1.0x means the company generates more cash than its reported earnings, indicating sustainable, cash-backed profits. Ratios below 1.0x suggest earnings rely on accounting accruals rather than actual cash generation. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

Can Southern Co cover its interest payments?

Southern Co (SOJD) has an interest coverage ratio of 2.2x, meaning it can adequately cover its interest obligations. This ratio divides operating income by interest expense. Ratios above 5x indicate strong debt-servicing ability, while ratios below 2x suggest the company may face difficulty meeting interest payments if earnings decline. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

How financially healthy is Southern Co?

Southern Co (SOJD) scores 41 out of 100 on our Financial Profile, indicating moderate overall financial health. This composite score evaluates six dimensions: profitability (operating margin), revenue growth, leverage (debt-to-equity), liquidity (current ratio), cash flow quality (free cash flow margin), and shareholder returns (return on equity). Each dimension is normalized against standard financial benchmarks. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.