Company Description
CleanSpark, Inc. (Nasdaq: CLSK), known as "America's Bitcoin Miner®", is a data center developer and operator focused on digital asset mining and large-scale compute infrastructure. According to company disclosures and recent press releases, CleanSpark owns and operates multiple data centers across the United States and concentrates on monetizing low-cost, high-reliability energy by producing compute, with a core emphasis on Bitcoin mining and an expanding focus on artificial intelligence (AI) and high-performance computing (HPC) workloads.
The company states that it holds a portfolio of power, land, and data centers measured in gigawatts of contracted capacity. This power portfolio underpins its Bitcoin mining operations and supports the development of next-generation data center campuses. CleanSpark describes itself as sitting at the intersection of Bitcoin, energy, operational execution, and capital stewardship, using its infrastructure to generate returns from both digital asset production and, increasingly, AI-related compute demand.
Business focus and operating model
CleanSpark reports that its primary operating activity is Bitcoin mining, historically organized as a single reporting segment. The company operates data centers that primarily run on low-carbon power, and it publishes regular Bitcoin mining updates that describe production volumes, operating hashrate, fleet efficiency, and power utilization. These updates highlight metrics such as exahash per second (EH/s) of operational hashrate, deployed mining fleet counts, and megawatts of power used to support mining activity.
In addition to mining, CleanSpark emphasizes its role as a data center developer. Company communications explain that it acquires land and long-term power agreements to build large-scale, transmission-level power sites. These sites are intended to host data center campuses designed for AI and HPC workloads as well as Bitcoin mining. CleanSpark links its business model to the ability to source and secure power at scale, then convert that power into compute that can serve different types of digital workloads.
Expansion into AI and high-performance computing
CleanSpark has disclosed an evolution from a pure-play Bitcoin miner toward a broader compute platform that includes AI and HPC. In its public updates, the company notes the initiation of an AI and HPC strategy, the hiring of a Senior Vice President of AI Data Centers, and the selection of an infrastructure partner for AI data center expansion in North America. It has also announced rights to land in Texas and long-term power supply agreements intended to support a dedicated AI data center near Houston and a next-generation data center campus in Austin County, Texas.
These development initiatives are described as large-scale projects with transmission-level power, designed to support hundreds of megawatts of demand. CleanSpark characterizes this clustered capacity and regional power aggregation as important for customers planning multi-campus deployments and for creating what it refers to as an "AI factory" offering in key power markets.
Power portfolio and data center infrastructure
Across multiple press releases, CleanSpark reports that it owns or controls a portfolio of power, land, and data centers totaling more than one gigawatt of potential capacity under contract. This includes megawatts in regions such as Tennessee, Georgia, and Texas, with specific references to projects in the Tennessee Valley Authority service territory and in the ERCOT power market near Houston and in Austin County.
The company describes its infrastructure as being powered by energy at globally competitive prices and highlights its ability to operate both in front of and behind the meter. It also emphasizes flexible consumption capabilities, including participation in demand response programs. For example, CleanSpark has reported curtailing Bitcoin mining power consumption in Tennessee within minutes at the request of the Tennessee Valley Authority during periods of extreme weather, framing this as part of its role as a utility partner and grid participant.
Bitcoin mining operations
CleanSpark regularly publishes unaudited monthly Bitcoin mining and operations updates. These updates disclose:
- Bitcoin produced during the period and cumulative calendar-year production.
- Total Bitcoin holdings and the amount of Bitcoin sold in the period.
- Operational hashrate in EH/s and average operating hashrate.
- Fleet metrics, including the number of deployed miners and fleet efficiency measured in joules per terahash (J/Th).
- Power portfolio metrics, such as gigawatts under contract and megawatts utilized.
Through these disclosures, CleanSpark portrays a mining business that scales by increasing hashrate, improving fleet efficiency, and expanding contracted power. The company also references a Digital Asset Management function and describes active monetization strategies related to its Bitcoin holdings, including the use of derivative transactions and credit facilities secured by Bitcoin.
Capital structure and financing activities
CleanSpark is incorporated in Nevada and its common stock trades on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbol CLSK, with associated redeemable warrants trading under the symbol CLSKW. The company has reported several material financing activities, including:
- A zero-coupon Convertible Senior Notes offering due 2032, completed in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers. The notes are senior unsecured obligations, convertible into cash, common stock, or a combination, at the company’s election, under terms specified in an indenture with a corporate trustee.
- Use of proceeds from the convertible notes to repurchase a portion of its outstanding common stock and to expand its power and land portfolio, develop data center infrastructure, repay bitcoin-backed credit balances, and for general corporate purposes.
- Credit facilities with digital asset-focused lenders, including a master loan agreement with Coinbase Credit, Inc. and a separate master loan agreement with Two Prime Lending Limited. These facilities allow CleanSpark to borrow cash or digital assets secured by collateral such as Bitcoin, subject to margin and collateral maintenance requirements.
In its financial reporting, the company has also discussed non-GAAP measures such as adjusted EBITDA and provided reconciliations in its annual filings and earnings materials. It has highlighted the role of its treasury operations, including the management of Bitcoin holdings and related financing arrangements.
Corporate governance and regulatory disclosures
CleanSpark files periodic and current reports with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including Forms 10-K, 10-Q, and 8-K. These filings provide detailed information on its financial condition, results of operations, risk factors, and material events. For example, the company has filed 8-K reports describing:
- Updates to its bylaws, including changes to shareholder meeting and inspection rights and the designation of federal district courts as the exclusive forum for certain securities law claims.
- Updates to its code of business conduct and ethics, addressing topics such as compliance with laws, protection of proprietary information, conflicts of interest, international trade controls, sanctions, anti-money laundering, and gifts.
- Material definitive agreements related to credit facilities, convertible debt, and significant power and land acquisitions for data center development.
These governance and disclosure actions illustrate how the company structures its corporate framework and communicates material developments to investors and regulators.
Risk considerations and strategic evolution
CleanSpark has acknowledged, through supplemental risk factor disclosures, that its strategy is diversifying from a focus solely on Bitcoin mining to include data center development for AI, cloud, and enterprise workloads. This diversification introduces additional considerations related to large-scale infrastructure development, long-term power agreements, and the integration of new compute use cases alongside Bitcoin mining.
At the same time, the company continues to emphasize its identity as America’s Bitcoin Miner® and its objective to optimize value from both AI and Bitcoin workloads. It frames its expertise in power procurement, infrastructure development, and scaling as central to this evolution toward a broader compute platform.
How CleanSpark describes its role in the digital infrastructure ecosystem
Across its public communications, CleanSpark positions itself as a participant in the digital infrastructure ecosystem that converts energy into compute. By owning and developing data centers and securing long-term power arrangements, it seeks to support Bitcoin, which it describes as a digital commodity and tool for financial independence and inclusion, and to support AI and HPC workloads that require large-scale, power-dense facilities.
The company underscores themes of transparency, community engagement in the regions where it operates, and collaboration with utilities through demand response and flexible load programs. Investors and observers can track this evolution through the company’s SEC filings, press releases, and periodic operational updates.