[8-K] Applied Optoelectronics, Inc. Reports Material Event

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Applied Optoelectronics (AAOI) filed an 8-K noting that its wholly owned Chinese subsidiary, Global Technology, Inc., entered into a 250 million RMB (≈US$34 million) five-year revolving credit line with Shanghai Pudong Development Bank on 29 Jul 2025.

• Purpose: General corporate and capital investment; draws allowed until 29 Jul 2030.
• Security: Facility is collateralized by subsidiary real property via a mortgage agreement.
• Pricing: Interest rate for each draw will be negotiated at draw-down.
• Lender rights: Bank may revoke the line at any time without notice due to regulatory, market or borrower-specific changes.
• Other terms: Customary reps, warranties, covenants and default provisions apply.

The agreement boosts near-term liquidity and financial flexibility but introduces revocation risk and additional secured leverage.

Positive

• Secures a ¥250 million (≈US$34 million) revolving credit facility, enhancing liquidity and funding flexibility.
• Five-year availability allows the subsidiary to align draw-downs with capital expenditure cycles.

Negative

• Lender can revoke the credit line at any time, creating potential funding uncertainty.
• Facility is secured by real estate, increasing asset encumbrance and leverage.

Insights

Financial Analyst

TL;DR: ¥250 m revolving line strengthens liquidity; cancel-at-will clause limits reliability—overall a modestly positive but non-transformative event.

The facility gives AAOI incremental funding equal to roughly US$34 m, providing headroom for working capital and China-based capex without immediate equity dilution. Five-year tenor and on-demand draw structure are attractive, yet the lender’s unilateral revocation right means management cannot assume committed access under stress. As interest is negotiated per draw, cost could fluctuate with RMB rates. Because collateral is required, asset encumbrance may slightly reduce future borrowing capacity. Overall, the line supports operations but does not materially alter leverage or earnings outlook.

Credit Risk Specialist

TL;DR: Secured credit line improves liquidity metrics but introduces lender revocation and variable-rate exposure—credit-neutral to mildly positive.

AAOI’s debt stack gains a secured revolver that can replace higher-cost short-term borrowing, potentially lowering average funding cost. Still, revocation rights transfer significant discretion to the Chinese lender; the line could evaporate during regulatory or market stress, limiting its reliability as a true liquidity backstop. Collateralization by real estate mitigates lender risk but subordinates unsecured creditors. No new covenants beyond customary provisions are disclosed, suggesting limited incremental restrictions. On balance, credit profile is stable; impact hinges on actual utilization and rate negotiation.

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): July 29, 2025

Applied Optoelectronics, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	001-36083	76-0533927
(State of incorporation)	(Commission File Number)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

13139 Jess Pirtle Blvd.
Sugar Land, Texas 77478

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(281) 295-1800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Trading Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, Par value $0.001	AAOI	NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.

On July 29, 2025, Global Technology, Inc. (“Global Technology”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Applied Optoelectronics, Inc., entered into a five-year revolving credit line agreement, totaling 250,000,000 RMB (the “Credit Line”) and a Mortgage Contract Security Agreement (the “Security Agreement”), with Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co., Ltd., in Ningbo City, China (the “Bank”). Borrowing under the Credit Line will be used for general corporate and capital investment purposes.

Global Technology may draw on the Credit Line on an as-needed basis from July 29, 2025, through July 29, 2030. Any credit previously extended by the Bank will be applied against the available amount under the Credit Line. The Bank reserves the right to unilaterally revoke the Credit Line at any time and without prior notice, due to changes in laws, regulations, policies, or government-imposed restrictions; prevailing market conditions; the Bank’s internal business considerations; or any changes in Global Technology’s credit standing or financial and operational condition.

The interest rate applicable to each draw will be determined through mutual agreement between the Bank and Global Technology and will be specified in the loan documents executed at the time of such draw.

Global Technology’s obligations under the Credit Line will be secured by real property owned by Global Technology and mortgaged to the Bank under the terms of the Security Agreement. The Credit Line and Security Agreement also contain rights and obligations, representations and warranties, and events of default applicable to Global Technology that are customary for agreements of this type.

The foregoing description of the Credit Line and Security Agreement do not purport to be a complete statement of the parties’ rights and obligations under the agreements and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Financing Credit Line Agreement and Maximum Mortgage Contract (Security Agreement), English translations of which are attached as Exhibit 10.1 and 10.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and are incorporated by reference herein.

Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant.  

The information as set forth in Item 1.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is incorporated by reference into Item 2.03.

Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits

	10.1	Translation of the Financing Credit Line Agreement, dated July 29, 2025, between Global Technology, Inc. and Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co., Ltd.
	10.2	Translation of the Maximum Mortgage Contract (Security Agreement), dated July 29, 2025, between Global Technology, Inc. and Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Co., Ltd.
	104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Date: August 4, 2025	APPLIED OPTOELECTRONICS, INC.
	By:	/s/ DAVID C. KUO
	Name:	David C. Kuo
	Title:	Senior Vice President and Chief Legal Officer

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FAQ

How large is the new credit facility disclosed by AAOI?

The revolving credit line totals 250 million RMB (approximately US$34 million).

What is the term of the Applied Optoelectronics credit line?

Draws are permitted from 29 Jul 2025 through 29 Jul 2030, giving it a five-year tenor.

What collateral secures AAOI’s new revolving credit facility?

The line is secured by real property owned by Global Technology, Inc. under a mortgage agreement.

Can the bank cancel the AAOI credit line?

Yes. Shanghai Pudong Development Bank may unilaterally revoke the facility at any time due to regulatory, market or borrower-specific changes.

What will the borrowed funds be used for?

AAOI states the proceeds will support general corporate purposes and capital investments.