[10-Q] Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. Quarterly Earnings Report
Filing Impact
Filing Sentiment
Form Type
10-Q
Rhea-AI Filing Summary
Trump Media & Technology Group (DJT) reported third‑quarter 2025 results. Net sales were $972.9 thousand, while the company recorded a net loss of $54.8 million (basic and diluted loss per share of $0.20). Interest income of $13.4 million partly offset operating expenses, which included $10.5 million of stock‑based compensation.
The balance sheet expanded with total assets of $3.27 billion, including $1.47 billion in digital assets (bitcoin and Cronos), $587.5 million in trading securities, $550.4 million in short‑term investments, and $166.1 million in cash and cash equivalents. Liabilities totaled $987.0 million, driven by $945.6 million of convertible notes, while stockholders’ equity was $2.28 billion. As of November 5, 2025, shares outstanding were 279,997,636.
Year‑to‑date cash flows reflected $2.6 million provided by operations, $1.97 billion used in investing (primarily $1.44 billion to purchase digital assets), and $2.30 billion provided by financing, including $1.40 billion from a PIPE and $960.0 million of 0.00% convertible senior secured notes due 2028. The company authorized a $400.0 million share repurchase program and repurchased 355,208 shares for $6.4 million to date.
Positive
- None.
Negative
- None.
Insights
Large losses continue, offset by sizable cash, investments, and crypto.
DJT posted Q3 net sales of
Assets rose to
Cash flows year‑to‑date show
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ___ to ___
Commission File No. 001-40779
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices, including zip code)
(941 ) 735-7346
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
| | | The | ||
| | | | ||
| | | The | ||
| | | |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions
of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |
| Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided
pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒
As of November 5, 2025, there were 279,997,636 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the registrant issued and outstanding.
TRUMP MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY GROUP CORP.
FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
|
Page
|
||
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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
|
2 | |
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Item 1.
|
Financial Statements (unaudited)
|
2
|
|
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
|
2
|
|
|
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
|
3
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|
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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity/(Deficit)
|
4
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Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
|
5
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Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
|
6
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Item 2.
|
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
|
27
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Item 3.
|
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
|
39
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Item 4.
|
Controls and Procedures
|
40
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
|
41
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Item 1.
|
Legal Proceedings
|
41
|
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Item 1A.
|
Risk Factors
|
41
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Item 2.
|
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
|
64
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Item 3.
|
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
|
64
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|
Item 4.
|
Mine Safety Disclosures
|
64
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|
Item 5.
|
Other Information
|
64
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Item 6.
|
Exhibits
|
64
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|
SIGNATURES
|
67
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|
Table of Contents
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
| Item 1. |
Financial Statements
|
TRUMP MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY GROUP CORP.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
| (in thousands, except share and per share data) |
September 30, 2025 (Unaudited) (1) |
December 31, 2024 (Audited) |
||||||
|
Assets
|
||||||||
|
Current Assets:
|
||||||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
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Restricted cash
|
|
|
||||||
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Short-term investments
|
|
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||||||
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Trading securities
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||||||
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
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||||||
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Accounts receivable, net
|
|
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||||||
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Total current assets
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|
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||||||
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Property and equipment, net
|
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||||||
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Goodwill
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||||||
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Digital assets
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||||||
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Intangible assets, net
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||||||
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Right-of-use assets, net
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||||||
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Total assets
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||||||
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Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
|
||||||||
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Current Liabilities:
|
||||||||
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses
|
|
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||||||
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Related party payables
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||||||||
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Unearned revenue
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||||||
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Current portion of long-term debt
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|
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||||||
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Current portion of operating lease liability
|
|
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||||||
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Total current liabilities
|
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||||||
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Convertible notes
|
|
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||||||
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Long-term operating lease liability
|
|
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||||||
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Long-term debt – other
|
|
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||||||
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Deferred tax liability
|
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||||||
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Total liabilities
|
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||||||
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Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)
|
||||||||
|
Stockholders’ Equity:
|
||||||||
| Preferred Stock $ |
|
|
||||||
| Common Stock $ |
|
|
||||||
|
Paid in capital
|
|
|
||||||
| Treasury stock, at cost ( |
( |
) |
( |
) |
||||
|
Accumulated deficit
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Total stockholders’ equity
|
|
|
||||||
|
Noncontrolling interest
|
|
|
||||||
|
Total equity
|
|
|
||||||
|
Total liabilities and equity
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
| (1) | |
The Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
2
Table of Contents
TRUMP MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY GROUP CORP.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
|
Three Months
Ended
|
Nine Months
Ended
|
|||||||||||||||
|
(in thousands except share and per share data)
|
September
30,
2025
|
September
30,
2024
|
September
30,
2025
|
September
30,
2024
|
||||||||||||
|
Net sales
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||||
|
Operating costs and expenses(1)
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Cost of revenue
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Research and development
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Sales and marketing
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
General and administration
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Change in fair value of digital assets
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Total operating costs and expenses
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Loss from operations
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||||||
|
Interest income
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Interest expense
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||||||
|
Investment income
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities
|
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||
|
Loss on the conversion of convertible debt
|
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||
|
Loss from operations before income taxes
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||||||
|
Income tax expense
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|
||||||||||
|
Net loss
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||||||
|
Less net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Net loss available to common stockholders
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Basic
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Diluted*
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Weighted Average Shares used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Basic
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Diluted
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
(1) Operating costs and expenses include stock-based compensation expense as follows:
| Research and development |
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
||||||||
| General and administration |
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
| Total stock-based compensation expense |
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
$ |
|
*Loss per share attributable to common stockholders for diluted calculation is based on the basic weighted shares as these are not dilutive. The basic and diluted loss per share attributable to common stockholders are therefore the same.
The Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
3
Table of Contents
TRUMP MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY GROUP CORP.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ (Deficit)/Equity
(Unaudited)
|
(in thousands, except share
data)
|
Common
Stock
Number
of
Shares
|
Par
Value
$0.00
01
|
Treasury
Stock
Number
of Shares
|
Treasury
Stock
|
Paid in
Capital
|
Accumulated
Deficit
|
Total
Stockholders’
(Deficit)/
Equity
|
Noncontrolling
Interest
|
Total
Equity
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of December 31, 2023
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Fair value of TMTG earnout shares
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Conversion of convertible notes upon reverse capitalization
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Stock based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Issuance of common stock upon reverse capitalization
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net loss
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of March 31, 2024
|
|
|
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Exercise of warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Issuance of earnout shares
|
|
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Conversion of convertible notes into common stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net loss
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of June 30, 2024
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Exercise of warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Common stock issued from SEPA
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Acquisition of WCT, net of offering costs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Issuance of common stock for services
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Treasury stock
|
-
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Common stock for ARC settlement
|
|
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|
|
|
-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net loss
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of September 30, 2024
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of December 31, 2024
|
|
$
|
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Exercise of warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Stock based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Treasury stock
|
-
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Vesting of restricted stock units
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net loss
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of March 31, 2025
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Exercise of warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Stock based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Common stock issued in PIPE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Vesting of restricted stock units
|
|
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Non-controlling interest contribution
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net loss
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of June 30, 2025
|
|
$
|
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
|
Exercise of warrants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Stock based compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Vesting of restricted stock units
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Common stock issued to purchase digital assets
|
|
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Treasury stock
|
-
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Net loss
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Balance as of September 30, 2025
|
|
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
4
Table of Contents
TRUMP MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY GROUP CORP.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
|
Nine Months Ended
|
||||||||
|
(in thousands)
|
September
30,
2025
|
September 30,
2024
|
||||||
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
||||||||
|
Net loss
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
||
|
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
|
||||||||
|
Non-cash interest expense on debt
|
|
|
||||||
|
Change in fair value of derivative liability
|
|
|
||||||
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
|
||||||
|
Loss on extinguishment of debt
|
|
|
||||||
|
Stock based compensation
|
|
|
||||||
|
Change in fair value of digital assets
|
|
|
||||||
|
Net unrealized loss on investments
|
|
|
||||||
|
Operating lease amortization
|
|
|
||||||
|
Deferred taxes
|
|
|
||||||
|
Change in operating assets and liabilities
|
||||||||
|
Other current assets
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Accounts receivable
|
( |
)
|
|
|||||
|
Unearned revenue
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Operating lease liabilities
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
|
|
|
||||||
|
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||
|
Cash flows used in investing activities
|
||||||||
|
Purchases of property and equipment
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Purchase of intangible assets
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||
|
Purchases of digital assets
|
( |
)
|
|
|||||
|
Purchases of short-term investments
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Proceeds from sales of short-term investments
|
|
|
||||||
|
Purchases of trading securities
|
( |
)
|
|
|||||
|
Sales of trading securities
|
|
|
||||||
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Cash flows provided by financing activities
|
||||||||
|
Proceeds of convertible notes
|
|
|
||||||
|
Repayment of long-term debt
|
( |
)
|
|
|||||
|
Proceeds from merger
|
|
|
||||||
|
Proceeds from PIPE
|
|
|
||||||
|
Payments of debt and equity offering costs
|
( |
)
|
|
|||||
|
Repurchases of common stock
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Proceeds from SEPA, net
|
|
|
||||||
|
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants, net
|
|
|
||||||
|
Contribution for non-controlling interest
|
|
|
||||||
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
||||||
|
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
|
|
|
||||||
|
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period
|
|
|
||||||
|
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated balance sheets
|
||||||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
||||||
|
Restricted cash
|
|
|
||||||
|
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
|
||||||||
|
Cash paid for interest
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Cash paid for taxes
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Noncash investing and financing activities
|
||||||||
|
Shares issued for conversion of convertible notes
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Common stock issued for business combination
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Common stock issued for digital assets
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Debt and equity offering costs
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Digital assets exchanged for other digital assets
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
The Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
5
Table of Contents
(Amounts in thousands, except share, per share, and quantity data)
NOTE 1 - DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the historical accounts of TMTG Sub Inc. f/k/a Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. (“Private TMTG” or “Predecessor
TMTG” or, prior to the closing on March 25, 2024, “TMTG”), which changed its name from Trump Media Group Corp. in October 2021. The mission of TMTG is to end Big Tech’s assault on free speech by opening up the Internet and giving people their voices
back. TMTG operates Truth Social, a social media platform established as a safe harbor for free expression amid increasingly harsh censorship by Big Tech corporations, as well as Truth+, a streaming platform focusing on family friendly live TV
channels and on-demand content. TMTG is also launching Truth.Fi, a financial services and FinTech brand incorporating America First investment vehicles, and a digital asset strategy--including a bitcoin and Cronos treasury--to help ensure the
Company’s financial freedom and protect against discrimination by financial institutions.
Merger
On March 25, 2024, TMTG consummated the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement dated October 20, 2021, between Digital World Acquisition Corp. (the “Company,” “Digital World” or “DWAC” or, following the closing on March 25, 2024, “TMTG” or “New Digital World”), DWAC Merger Sub, Private TMTG, ARC Global Investments II (“ARC”), LLC and TMTG’s Chief Legal Officer, as amended on May 11, 2022, August 9, 2023 and September 29, 2023. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, upon the Closing, DWAC Merger Sub merged with and into TMTG, with TMTG surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of Digital World. TMTG’s stockholders (excluding former TMTG noteholders) received 87,500,000 shares of Digital World Class A common stock (excluding 40,000,000 Earnout Shares), subject to certain adjustments and earnout provisions, in exchange for TMTG common stock. This was, in substance, a continuation of the TMTG shareholders’ equity interests in the TMTG business, plus up to an additional 7,854,534 shares of New Digital World common stock to be issued upon conversion of outstanding TMTG Convertible Notes immediately prior to the Closing.
Notwithstanding the legal form of the Business Combination pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization in accordance with U.S. GAAP because
TMTG was the operating company and was determined to be the accounting acquirer under Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), while Digital World was a blank check
company. The determination was primarily based on the evaluation of the following facts and circumstances:
| • |
The pre-combination equity holders of Private TMTG hold the majority of voting rights in TMTG;
|
| • |
The pre-combination equity holders of Private TMTG had the right to appoint the majority of the directors on TMTG’s Board;
|
| • |
Private TMTG senior management (executives) are the senior management (executives) of TMTG; and
|
| • |
Operations of Private TMTG comprise the ongoing operations of TMTG.
|
Under the reverse recapitalization model, the Business Combination was treated as TMTG issuing equity for the net assets of Digital World, with no goodwill or intangible assets recorded.
While Digital World was the legal acquirer in the Business Combination, because Predecessor TMTG was deemed the accounting acquirer, the historical financial statements of Predecessor TMTG became the
historical financial statements of the combined company upon the consummation of the Business Combination. As a result, the financial statements reflect (i) the historical operating results of Predecessor TMTG prior to the Business Combination; (ii)
the combined results of Digital World and Predecessor TMTG following the closing of the Business Combination; (iii) the assets and liabilities of Predecessor TMTG at their historical cost; and (iv) the Company’s equity structure for all periods
presented. In connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, Digital World was renamed “Trump Media & Technology Group Corp.” and our wholly owned subsidiary TMTG was renamed “TMTG Sub Inc.”
6
Table of Contents
In accordance with the applicable guidance, the equity structure was retroactively restated in all comparative periods up to the Closing Date, to reflect the number of shares of the Company’s common
stock issued to Predecessor TMTG common shareholders and Predecessor TMTG convertible noteholders in connection with the Business Combination. As such, the shares and corresponding capital amounts and earnings (loss) per share related to Predecessor
TMTG convertible notes and Predecessor TMTG common stock prior to the Business Combination were retroactively restated as shares reflecting the exchange ratio established in the Business Combination.
NOTE 2 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRACTICES
Basis of Presentation
We conduct and plan to continue to conduct our activities in such a manner as not to be deemed an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).
Therefore, no more than 40% of our total assets can be invested in investment securities, as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act. In addition, we do not invest or intend to invest in securities as our primary business.
Events beyond our control, including significant appreciation or depreciation in the market value of certain of our publicly traded holdings could result in us inadvertently becoming an investment
company that is required to register under the Investment Company Act. Following such events or certain transactions, an exemption under the Investment Company Act would provide us up to one year to take steps to avoid becoming classified as an
investment company. We expect to take steps to avoid becoming classified as an investment company, but no assurance can be made that we will successfully be able to take the steps necessary to avoid becoming classified as an investment company.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and
pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Our interim financial statements are unaudited, and in our opinion, include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for the fair presentation of the periods presented. The results for
the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any subsequent period or for the year ending December 31, 2025.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “Annual Report”).
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business acquisitions, the assessment of recoverability of our goodwill and long-lived assets, and the reported
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates and assumptions reflected in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements relate to and include, but are
not limited to, fair value of intangible assets acquired in business acquisitions, recoverability of goodwill and intangibles, fair value of short-term investments, trading securities, and digital assets, the fair value of our option liabilities and
asset, useful lives of intangibles and depreciable assets, and stock-based compensation.
Principles of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiaries, and a VIE in which we are deemed the primary beneficiary, have been
prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
7
Table of Contents
Variable Interest Entity
GAAP requires the assessment of whether an entity is a VIE and, if so, if we are the primary beneficiary at the inception of the entity or at a reconsideration event. Additionally, GAAP requires the
consolidation of VIEs in which a company has a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s
economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
On April 2, 2025, we provided initial operational funding to Yorkville America, LLC, (“Yorkville America”), through a services agreement and licensing agreement. Yorkville America, through its subsidiaries serves as the
Registered Investment Advisor for investment vehicles and financial products which focus on investments in American growth, manufacturing, energy companies, security and defense, and digital assets, as well as investments that strengthen the
Patriot Economy. Pursuant to the terms of the services agreement, we will provide a majority of the operational funding for Yorkville America, in exchange for a majority of their net profit. Additionally, through a licensing agreement, Yorkville
America may utilize Truth.Fi and certain Truth Social intellectual property to market their investment vehicles and financial products. Substantially all of the business activity of Yorkville America is conducted on behalf of TMTG. We determined
this represented a variable interest in Yorkville America. We do not maintain any equity ownership in Yorkville America.
We determined that TMTG has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact Yorkville America’s economic performance through our disproportionate economic rights and obligations, and
that substantially all of Yorkville America’s activities are conducted on behalf of TMTG. Through meeting the criterion of a controlling financial interest, we determined that TMTG is the primary beneficiary of Yorkville America. As the primary
beneficiary of Yorkville America, we consolidate in our financial statements the balance sheets, results of operations, and cash flows of Yorkville America, and all intercompany balances and transactions between us and Yorkville America are
eliminated in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Yorkville America did not have any material assets or liabilities upon initial consolidation. We report a non-controlling interest representing the economic interest held by other
parties in Yorkville America.
We have not provided any guarantees related to Yorkville America and no creditors of Yorkville America have recourse to the general credit of TMTG.
As of September 30, 2025, we held a variable interest in four VIEs for which we are not the primary beneficiary. Yorkville America sponsors certain investment products, including exchange-traded funds, for which it earns a Sponsor Fee in exchange for providing management and advisory services. The Sponsor Fees represent the primary economic interest in the VIEs. TMTG nor any of our consolidated entities hold equity investments or other financial interest in the VIEs as of September 30, 2025. As a result, Yorkville America controls the power to direct the activities most significant to these VIEs performance, although the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE is held by the shareholders of the sponsored investment products. The Sponsor Fees do not represent a variable interest that could potentially be significant to the economic performance of the VIEs.
Our maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement with the unconsolidated VIEs is limited only to our loss of future Sponsor Fees and uncollected fee receivables in this VIE, which was $0 not
Restricted cash
Restricted cash consists of cash equivalents held as collateral with the Collateral Agent to our Notes (Note 9) and as security on unexpired put options.
8
Table of Contents
Unearned revenue
Unearned revenue primarily consists of billings or payments received from customers in advance of revenue recognized for the services provided to our customers and is recognized as services are performed. Unearned revenue from subscription contracts is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. Unearned revenue of $0.0 and $1,010.7 was recognized as revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, and is included in the unearned revenue balance as of December 31, 2024. Unearned revenue as of September 30, 2025, was generated from paid subscriptions to Truth+ and is expected to be recognized during the succeeding 12 -month period; therefore it is presented as a current liability on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Investments
Investments in equity securities are classified by individual security as available-for-sale or trading securities. Our trading securities consist primarily of equity exchange traded funds that invest in digital assets, and also include purchased call options. We had trading securities of $587,505.1 at September 30, 2025 and $0.0 at December 31, 2024, that are carried on our balance sheet at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses associated with trading securities are reflected in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. As of September 30, 2025, $455,000.0 of our trading securities served as collateral to convertible notes (Note 9).
We did not have any investments classified as available-for-sale as of September 30, 2025.
Options
We manage our exposure to bitcoin price fluctuation through derivative instruments on bitcoin related securities, as part of our digital asset treasury strategy. In order to manage this risk, we sell
covered put and covered call options, purchase call options or use a synthetic long strategy that uses a combination of a purchased call option and a sold put option which provides us exposure to increases in bitcoin prices while limiting downside
risk should the price decrease.
Written covered put and call options on bitcoin related securities generate premium income and allow us to purchase bitcoin related securities at lower effective prices. The put options are covered by
cash collateral to cover potential purchases and the call options are covered by our ownership in the underlying security. In exchange for this commitment, we receive premiums immediately paid in cash. The difference between the premium received and
the amount paid while affecting a closing purchase transaction, including brokerage commissions, is also treated as a realized investment gain or loss. This premium acts as income, increasing our investment yield. If the written option expires
worthless, we keep the full premium as profit with no obligation to purchase. If a put option is exercised, we buy the security at the strike price using the cash collateral, and the premium received reduces the effective cost basis, allowing us to
acquire the securities at a discount compared to direct market purchases. If a written call option is exercised, we sell the security at the strike price using our existing holdings of the security, and the premium received reduces any loss or
increases any gain we may incur.
The writer of an option bears the market risk of an unfavorable change in the price of the security underlying the written option. The aggregate fair value of unexpired options written is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Cash held as collateral for written options is classified as restricted cash on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Securities held as collateral for outstanding written call options are presented within trading securities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2025, we had $309,000.0 of restricted cash covering our unexpired put options. We did not have unexpired covered call options as of September 30, 2025.
We record these derivative instruments on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value and typically do not offset derivative assets and liabilities. Cash flows from derivative financial
instruments and the related gains and losses are classified as cash flows from operating activities on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The changes in the fair values of these option contracts are immediately recognized as
investment income in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Digital Assets
Our digital assets consist of our investments in bitcoin and Cronos. We retain ownership of and control over our digital assets and use third-party custodial services to secure them. The cost basis of
our digital assets is calculated using the weighted-average method.
9
Table of Contents
Digital assets purchased are initially recorded at cost, including capitalized transaction costs or fees, and subsequently, remeasured at fair value based on the exchange quoted price throughout the
reporting period, with changes in fair value recognized on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
Concentrations of risks
Our financial instruments are exposed to concentrations of credit risk consisting primarily of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. Although we deposit cash and cash equivalents with
multiple banks, these deposits may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. These deposits may generally be redeemed upon demand and in our opinion bear minimal risk.
One advertising platform accounted for 85 % and 94 % of our total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
In order to reduce the risk of downtime of the media offerings we provide, we have established data centers in various geographic regions. We have internal procedures to restore products in the event
of a service disruption or disaster at any of our data center facilities. We serve our customers and users from data center facilities operated either by us or third parties. Even with these procedures for disaster recovery in place, the
availability of our products could be significantly interrupted during the implementation of restoration procedures.
Recently issued accounting standards
In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2023-08, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60): Accounting for
and Disclosure of Crypto Assets (“ASU 2023-08”). ASU 2023-08 requires digital assets to be measured at fair value as of the end of each reporting period in the balance sheet, with gains and losses from changes in fair value of the digital assets
recognized in net income for each reporting period. We determine the fair value of bitcoin and Cronos in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on quoted (unadjusted) prices on its principal
market. This update also requires certain interim and annual disclosures for digital assets within the scope of the standard. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The adoption of this standard will have a
material impact on the presentation of our condensed consolidated financial statements, due to our addition of digital assets to our balance sheet.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU, 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires additional disaggregated
disclosures on an entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation and additional details on income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective on a prospective basis, with the option for retrospective application, for annual periods beginning after December 15,
2024. The adoption of ASU 2023-09 did not have a material impact on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective
prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting period after the effective date or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements, for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim
reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. Adoption of this guidance will result in additional disclosures, but we do not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-03 will impact our consolidated financial position,
results of operations or cash flows.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt (Subtopic 470-20): Debt with Conversion and Other Options. ASU 2024-04 clarifies the assessment of whether
a transaction should be accounted for as an induced conversion or extinguishment of convertible debt when changes are made to conversion features as part of an offer to settle the instrument. ASU 2024-04 is effective for reporting periods beginning
after December 15, 2025, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted for entities that have adopted ASU 2020-06. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2024-04 to have a material impact on our unaudited
condensed consolidated financial statements.
10
Table of Contents
In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurements of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets.
The amendments in this update provide a practical expedient related to the estimation of expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets that arise from transactions accounted for under ASC 606. Under ASU 2025-05,
an entity is required to disclose whether it has elected to use the practical expedient. An entity that makes the accounting policy election is required to disclose the date through which subsequent cash collections are evaluated. ASU 2025-05 is
effective for the Company beginning in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2026. We are currently evaluating the impacts of the adoption of ASU 2025-05 on our consolidated financial statements.
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting
for Internal-Use Software. ASU 2025-06 modernizes the outdated guidance for accounting for software costs by aligning the accounting with how software is developed today. This ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December
15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied either prospectively, retrospectively, or utilizing a modified transaction approach. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2025-06 on our consolidated
financial statements and related disclosures.
NOTE 3 – RECAPITALIZATION
As discussed in Note 1, following the Closing of the Business Combination, TMTG was deemed the accounting acquirer and the transaction was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization.
Transaction Proceeds
Upon the Closing, we received gross proceeds of $233,017.5 . The following table reconciles the elements of the Business Combination to the consolidated statements of cash flows and the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the year ended December 31, 2024:
|
Cash-trust and cash, net of redemptions
|
|
|||
|
Add: other assets
|
|
|||
|
Less: accrued expenses
|
( |
)
|
||
|
Less: notes payable
|
( |
)
|
||
|
Reverse recapitalization, net
|
|
In connection with the Merger, TMTG incurred $1,640.2 in one-time direct and incremental transaction costs, consisting of legal and other professional fees, recorded in general and administration expenses. TMTG also issued $6,130.0 of bonus payments to our employees and a director of Private TMTG that were triggered by the Merger. We recorded $5,530.0 and $600.0 in general and administration expense and sales and marketing expense, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2024. TMTG deems these to be non-recurring expenses that are not direct and incremental to the Merger.
The number of shares of common stock issued immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination were:
|
Digital World common stock, outstanding prior to the Business Combination
|
|
|||
|
Shares issued to Digital World convertible noteholders, converted immediately prior to Business Combination
|
|
|||
|
Predecessor TMTG Shares
|
|
|||
|
Shares issued to former TMTG convertible noteholders (1)
|
|
|||
|
Common stock immediately after the Business Combination (2)
|
|
| (1) | |
| (2) | |
11
Table of Contents
The number of Predecessor TMTG shares was determined as follows:
|
Predecessor TMTG
Shares
|
Shares issued
to shareholders of
Predecessor TMTG
|
|||||||
|
Common stock
|
|
|
||||||
| |
$
|
|
||||||
Public and private placement warrants
In connection with Digital World’s initial public offering in 2021, 14,374,976 public warrants were issued (the “Public Warrants”) and 566,742 warrants were issued in a private placement (the “Private Placement Warrants”; and the Private Placement Warrants together with the Public Warrants, collectively the “Warrants”) all of which warrants remained outstanding and became warrants for the Common Stock in the Company.
Additionally, pursuant to warrant subscription agreements (each a “Warrant Subscription Agreement”) entered into by and between Digital World and certain institutional investors on February 7, 2024, Digital World agreed to issue an aggregate of 3,424,510 warrants (“Convertible Note Post IPO Warrants and “Post-IPO Warrants”), each warrant entitling the holder thereof to purchase one share of the Company’s Class A common stock for $11.50 per share. The Convertible Note Post IPO Warrants and Post-IPO Warrants were issued concurrently with the closing of the Business Combination, and have substantially the same terms as the public warrants issued by Digital World in connection with its initial public offering, except that such Post-IPO Warrants may only be transferred to the applicable holder’s affiliates.
TMTG Earnout Shares
As noted in Note 1, in connection with the Merger, TMTG shareholders were entitled to up to 40,000,000 shares if certain post-merger per share market prices were achieved.
We utilized a Monte Carlo simulation analysis to determine the fair value of the Earnout Shares at the date of the merger, which included the following assumptions:
The Monte Carlo simulation conclusion for each tranche of the Earnout Shares was the result of the average of 1,000,000 trial outcomes. Within each trial of the simulation:
| 1. | The stock price was simulated for the defined term ( |
| 2. | The vest date was determined as the date the stock price achieved the different stock price thresholds, which were $ |
| 3. | The payoff was calculated as the number of shares issued per tranche ( |
| 4. | The payoff was discounted to the present value using the interpolated risk-free rate ranging from |
Volatility was calculated as the annualized standard deviation of daily returns from a set of Guideline Public Companies (GPC) over the expected term for each tranche. The 75th percentile of GPC
volatilities was selected given our early stage life cycle relative to the GPC set. The accounting for the Earnout Shares was first evaluated under ASC 718 to determine if the arrangement represents a share-based payment arrangement. Because there
were no service conditions nor any requirement of the participants to provide goods or services, we determined that the Earnout Shares were not within the scope of ASC 718.
Next, we determined that the Earnout Shares represent a freestanding equity-linked financial instrument to be evaluated under ASC 480 and ASC 815-40. Based upon the analysis, we concluded that the
Earnout Shares should not be classified as a liability under ASC 480.
We next considered the equity classification conditions in ASC 815-40-25 and concluded that all of the conditions were met. Therefore, the Earnout Share arrangement was appropriately classified in
equity.
As the merger has been accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, the fair value of the Earnout Shares arrangement has been accounted for as an equity transaction as of the closing date of the merger.
12
Table of Contents
On April 26, 2024, the Earnout Shares had been earned and such shares were issued.
NOTE 4 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT
Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. We use a
three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:
Level 1. Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2. Significant other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.
Level 3. Significant unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
|
As of September 30, 2025
|
||||||||||||
|
Quoted
prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)
|
Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
|
Significant unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
|
||||||||||
|
Assets
|
||||||||||||
|
Money market funds(1)
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||
|
Repurchase agreements
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Exchange traded funds(2)
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Call option asset(2)
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Digital assets
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Total assets measured at fair value
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||
|
Liabilities
|
||||||||||||
|
Option premium liabilities(3)
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||
|
Convertible notes
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Total liabilities measured at fair value
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||
|
As of December 31, 2024
|
||||||||||||
|
Quoted prices in
active markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
|
Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
|
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
|
||||||||||
|
Money market funds(1)
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||
|
Repurchase agreements
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
|
Total assets measured at fair value
|
$
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||||
(1) Money market funds are reflected in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(2) Reflected in trading securities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(3) Option premium liabilities is reflected in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
13
Table of Contents
The fair value of our money market funds, repurchase agreements, trading securities, digital assets, call option asset and option premium liabilities are classified within Level 1, because we use quoted
market prices to determine their fair value. Options and exchange traded funds are valued based on the last trade price on the primary exchange on which they are traded. We have not experienced any material losses related to these securities.
NOTE 5 – DIGITAL ASSETS
Our digital asset holdings as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consist of the following:
|
As of September 30, 2025
|
As of December 31,
2024
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Units
|
Cost Basis
|
Fair Value
|
Units
|
Cost Basis
|
Fair Value
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Bitcoin
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||||||||||
|
Cronos
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
The following table presents a reconciliation of our digital asset holdings:
|
Bitcoin
|
Cronos
|
|||||||
|
Balance at December 31, 2024
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Purchases of digital assets
|
|
|
||||||
|
Exchange of digital assets
|
( |
)
|
|
|||||
|
Sale of digital assets
|
( |
)
|
|
|||||
|
Change in fair value
|
( |
)
|
|
|||||
|
Balance at September 30, 2025
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
As of September 30, 2025, we had 4,260.73 bitcoin with a fair value of $487,311.5 serving as collateral to convertible notes (Note 9). We are restricted from selling this bitcoin subject to meeting certain Loan-to-Collateral Ratio requirements, with restrictions lifted no later than maturity of the convertible notes on May 29, 2028 . We are also restricted from selling 684,427,004 Cronos with a fair value of $132,689.2 pursuant to a Purchase Agreement, which allows us to sell up to specified percentages of our restricted Cronos over a three-year period ending on August 26, 2028.
NOTE 6– GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The following table summarizes changes in our goodwill balance:
|
Balance at December 31, 2024
|
$
|
|
||
|
Goodwill related to acquisitions
|
|
|||
|
Balance at September 30, 2025
|
$
|
|
Finite-lived intangible assets, net are summarized as follows:
|
September 30, 2025
|
||||||||||||
|
Gross Carrying
Amount
|
Accumulated
Amortization
|
Net
Carrying Amount |
||||||||||
|
Finite-lived intangible asset
|
||||||||||||
|
Source code and technology
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
|||||
|
Exclusivity rights
|
|
( |
)
|
|
||||||||
|
Intangible assets, net
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
|||||
14
Table of Contents
Amortization expense was $1,394.7 and $501.7 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $4,138.7 and $501.7 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of September 30, 2025, the weighted-average remaining amortization period for amortizable intangible assets was 3.84 years.
|
December 31, 2024
|
||||||||||||
|
Gross Carrying Amount
|
Accumulated Amortization
|
Net
Carrying Amount
|
||||||||||
|
Finite-lived intangible asset
|
||||||||||||
|
Source code and technology
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
|||||
|
Exclusivity rights
|
|
( |
)
|
|
||||||||
|
Intangible assets, net
|
$
|
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
|
|||||
Based on the balance of finite-lived intangible assets at September 30, 2025, expected future amortization expense is as follows:
|
Year Ending December 31:
|
||||
|
2025 (remainder of)
|
$
|
|
||
|
2026
|
|
|||
|
2027
|
|
|||
|
2028
|
|
|||
|
2029
|
|
|||
|
$
|
|
|||
NOTE 7 - PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment consist of the following:
|
September 30, 2025
|
December 31, 2024
|
|||||||
|
Property and equipment
|
||||||||
|
Furniture and equipment
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Computer equipment
|
|
|
||||||
|
Accumulated depreciation
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Property and equipment, net
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
Total depreciation expense was $509.4 and $260.6 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was $1,378.1 and $269.8 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
NOTE 8 – ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accounts payable and accrued expenses consisted of the following:
|
September 30, 2025
|
December 31, 2024
|
|||||||
|
Accounts payable
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Other accrued expenses
|
|
|
||||||
|
Option premium liabilities
|
|
|
||||||
|
Income tax payable
|
|
|
||||||
|
Franchise tax payable
|
|
|
||||||
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
15
Table of Contents
NOTE 9 – LONG-TERM DEBT
Convertible Notes
On May 29, 2025, we entered into an Indenture, providing $1,000,000.0 in 0.00 % convertible senior secured notes due on May 29, 2028 (the “Notes”), unless earlier repurchased or converted. The Notes carry a 4.00 % original issuance discount. Each Note holder has the right at its option, to require us to repurchase its Notes for cash on November 30, 2026, at a repurchase price equal to 100 % of the principal amount of the Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, subject to the terms and conditions in the Indenture.
Each holder of the Notes may at their option convert such holder’s Notes into shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of 28.8 shares per $1.0 of Notes. We retain the right to force conversion if, at any time after November 29, 2025, the last reported sale price of our common stock exceeds 130 % of the conversion rate for any 20 consecutive trading days during a 30 -day trading period. In addition, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time.
Within 45 days of closing, we were required to have a Loan-to-Collateral Ratio of less than or equal to 1.0 to 1.0, with the Loan-to-Collateral Ratio calculated as the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all Notes divided by the sum of (i) the aggregate market value of bitcoin collateral multiplied by 0.5263157895 , plus (ii) the aggregate value of all of cash and cash equivalents collateral. Required collateral of $1,000,000.0 was delivered to the Collateral Agent within 45 days of closing. We have utilized this cash delivered to the Collateral Agent to purchase bitcoin and bitcoin related assets to serve as collateral in order to meet our Loan-to-Collateral Ratio. As of September 30, 2025, we have $26,838.8 of restricted cash, $455,000.0 of trading securities, and $487,311.5 of bitcoin serving as collateral.
Portions of the collateral will be released when the outstanding aggregate principal balance of all Notes is at $500,000.0 or less, and an additional portion will be released when the outstanding aggregate principal of all Notes is $250,000.0 or less. Collateral will be automatically released upon payment in full of the principal, together with accrued and unpaid interest on the Notes. We are also subject to other customary covenants under the terms of the Indenture.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we accreted $11,344.8 and $15,259.5 , respectively, of interest expense on the Notes. The effective interest rate of the Notes is 4.80 % per annum. The estimated fair value of the Notes as of September 30, 2025 was $1,013,040.6 , and is based on unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data and therefore is classified as a Level 3 fair value measurement.
Term Loan
We assumed a loan from our business combination with WorldConnect Technologies, LLC. As of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, the term loan had a carrying amount of $5,123.6 and $9,616.7 , respectively, with $4,689.4 and $4,780.5 of the term loan due within 12 months of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we accreted interest expense of $97.6 and $120.2 , respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, accreted interest expense of $506.8 and $120.2 , respectively, related to the term loan.
The term loan carries an effective interest rate of 7.72 % per annum and requires future payments of $5,000.0 in August 2026 and $500.0 in August 2027.
Future minimum payments of the long-term debt as of September 30, 2025 is as follows:
|
Year Ending December 31:
|
||||
|
2025 (remainder of)
|
$
|
|
||
|
2026
|
|
|||
|
2027
|
|
|||
|
Total future minimum payments
|
|
|||
|
Less: unamortized original issue discount and debt issuance costs
|
( |
)
|
||
| |
||||
|
Less: current
|
( |
)
|
||
|
$
|
|
|||
16
Table of Contents
NOTE 10 – LEASES
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company did no t enter into additional leases with terms longer than 1 year. We elected not to recognize ROU assets and lease liabilities arising from short-term leases with initial terms of twelve months or less (deemed immaterial) on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
When measuring lease liabilities for leases that were classified as operating leases, we discounted lease payments using our estimated incremental borrowing rate. The weighted average incremental borrowing rate applied was 7.86 %. As of September 30, 2025, our leases had a remaining weighted average term of 2.94 years.
Operating leases are included in the consolidated balance sheets as follows:
|
|
Classification |
September 30, 2025
|
December 31, 2024
|
|||||||
|
Lease assets
|
||||||||||
|
Operating lease cost ROU assets, net
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||
|
Total lease assets
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||
|
Lease liabilities
|
||||||||||
|
Operating lease liabilities, current
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||
|
Operating lease liabilities, non-current
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
Total lease liabilities
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||
The components of lease costs, which are included in loss from operations in our consolidated statements of operations were as follows:
|
Three months ended
|
||||||||
|
September
30, 2025
|
September
30, 2024
|
|||||||
|
Lease costs
|
||||||||
|
Operating lease costs
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Variable lease costs
|
|
|
||||||
|
Short-term lease costs
|
|
|
||||||
|
Total lease costs
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Nine months ended
|
||||||||
|
September
30, 2025
|
September
30, 2024
|
|||||||
|
Lease costs
|
||||||||
|
Operating lease costs
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Variable lease costs
|
|
|
||||||
|
Short-term lease costs
|
|
|
||||||
|
Total lease costs
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
17
Table of Contents
Future minimum payments under non-cancellable leases for operating leases for the remaining terms of the leases following the year ended September 30, 2025, are as follows:
|
2025 (remainder of)
|
$
|
|
||
|
2026
|
|
|||
|
2027
|
|
|||
|
2028
|
|
|||
|
2029
|
|
|||
|
Total future minimum lease payments
|
|
|||
|
Amount representing interest
|
( |
)
|
||
|
Present value of net future minimum lease payments
|
$
|
|
||
NOTE 11 - INCOME TAXES
The estimated annual effective tax rate applied to the nine months ended September 30, 2025, is 0.4 % which differs from the US federal statutory rate of 21 % principally due to the projection of U.S. net operating loss for the fiscal 2025 with full application of a valuation allowance and the change in the net deferred tax liability remaining after application of the valuation allowance (“naked credit” or “hanging credit”). As of September 30, 2025, we had US Federal and state net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) with a tax benefit of $43,816.9
NOTE 12 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Administrative Services Arrangement
An affiliate of the Digital World Sponsor ARC agreed to make available to the Digital World certain general and administrative services, including office space, utilities and administrative services, as Digital World required from time to time. The agreement with the Sponsor was terminated on April 5, 2023, and $221.0 was unpaid as of September 30, 2025.
Advances
During 2022, the Digital World Sponsor paid, on behalf of Digital World, $470.8 to a vendor for costs incurred by Digital World and $41.0 directly to Digital World. As of September 30, 2025, our obligation to the Sponsor for such payments was outstanding in the amount of $41.0 .
Placement Agent Fee
We paid a placement agent fee to Yorkville Securities, LLC (“Yorkville Securities”), an entity under common ownership with our consolidated VIE, Yorkville America, in the amount of $71,899.4 for acting as the Placement Agent to our Equity PIPE Subscription Agreement and Convertible Senior Secured Notes Subscription Agreement which closed on May 29, 2025. Of the consideration paid, $41,328.4 was netted against proceeds due from Yorkville Securities for the purchase of shares of our common stock and $30,571.0 was paid in cash. As of September 30, 2025, we did not have any amount payable due to Yorkville Securities.
In connection with the Equity PIPE Subscription Agreement, Yorkville Advisors Global LP, an affiliate of Yorkville America, purchased shares of our common stock for aggregate proceeds equal to $208,671.6 .
Yorkville America Transaction
Yorkville America serves as the Registered Investment Advisor for investment vehicles and financial products that utilize our Truth.Fi and certain Truth Social intellectual property, where we are the primary beneficiary. We paid certain compensation and professional fees totaling $125.0 and $200.0 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, to affiliates of Yorkville America related to the management of our VIE.
NOTE 13 – LOSS PER SHARE
Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of stock outstanding during the period. We computed diluted earnings per share of common stock based on the weighted average number of shares of stock outstanding plus potentially dilutive shares of stock outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive shares of stock from employee incentive plans are determined by applying the treasury stock method to the assumed vesting of outstanding RSUs, convertible notes and warrants. There were no
18
Table of Contents
Total common stock equivalents excluded from dilutive earnings/loss per share are as follows:
|
September
30, 2025
|
September
30, 2024
|
|||||||
|
Convertible notes
|
|
|
||||||
|
Warrants
|
|
|
||||||
|
RSUs
|
|
|
||||||
|
Total common stock equivalents excluded from dilutive income/loss per share
|
|
|
||||||
NOTE 14 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
On May 29, 2025, we executed subscription agreements (the “Equity PIPE Subscription Agreements”) with accredited investors (the “Equity PIPE Subscribers”) pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 55,857,181 shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, for gross proceeds of $1,395,318.3 in a private placement (the “PIPE Financing”). The PIPE Financing was issued in a private placement in reliance upon an exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The proceeds from the PIPE Financing are intended to be used to purchase bitcoin, bitcoin related securities, and for working capital and general corporate purposes.
We paid a placement agent fee and offering costs, in the amount of $75,727.6 for our Equity PIPE Subscription Agreement and Convertible Senior Secured Notes Subscription Agreement. Of the consideration paid, $41,328.4 was netted against proceeds due for the purchase of shares of our common stock and $34,399.2 was paid in cash.
On June 23, 2025, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $400,000.0 of our common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). We may repurchase share or warrants from time to time on the open market, including in block trades, in accordance with applicable federal securities rules and regulations. The Share Repurchase Program has no time limit, does not obligate us to make any repurchases and may be modified, suspended or terminated by us at any time without prior notice. The amount and timing of repurchases are subject to a variety of factors including liquidity, share price, market conditions, and legal requirements, and will be funded by available cash and cash equivalents. As of September 30, 2025, we had repurchased 355,208 shares at an average price of $18.02 per share and total cost of $6,400.1 , in accordance with the program.
On August 26, 2025, we entered into a privately negotiated purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Foris Holdings US, Inc. (“Foris”) the parent company of Crypto.com. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, we transferred to Foris 2,797,985 shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and $50,000.0 of cash, in exchange for 684,427,004 Cronos, which is the native cryptocurrency of the Cronos blockchain.
The following table summarizes warrant activity:
| Warrants | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding at January 1, 2025 | | $ | | | | |||||||||||
| Granted | | | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | ) | | - | - | |||||||||||
| Expired or cancelled | | | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Outstanding at September 30, 2025 | | $ | | | $ | | ||||||||||
| Exercisable at September 30, 2025 | | $ | | | $ | | ||||||||||
19
Table of Contents
NOTE 15 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
2024 Equity Incentive Plan
At our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on April 30, 2025, our stockholders approved our amended and restated 2024 Equity Incentive Plan to automatically increase the available share pool each January 1 commencing in 2026 through 2034 by an amount equal to 5 % of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the prior December 31, each year. The name of the 2024 Plan has been updated to the Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. 2024 Equity Incentive Plan and the applicable governing law has been updated to the laws of the State of Florida.
The following table summarizes stock award activity:
|
Number of Shares of
Common Stock
|
Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair
Value
|
Aggregate Fair
Value
|
||||||||||
|
Outstanding at January 1, 2025
|
|
$
|
|
|
||||||||
|
Granted: RSUs
|
|
|
-
|
|||||||||
|
Vested
|
( |
)
|
|
-
|
||||||||
|
Forfeited
|
( |
)
|
|
-
|
||||||||
|
Outstanding at September 30, 2025
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||||
The aggregate fair value of awards that vested in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $4,083.0 and $29,442.9 , respectively, which represents the market value of our common stock on the date that the RSUs vested. The number of RSUs vested includes shares of common stock that we withheld from employees to satisfy the minimum statutory tax withholding requirements.
As of September 30, 2025, unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested equity grants was $70,463.7 with an expected remaining weighted-average recognition period of approximately 1.88 years.
NOTE 16 – INVESTMENT INCOME
Investment income consists of the following:
|
Three months ended
September
30, 2025
|
Nine
months
ended
September
30, 2025
|
|||||||
|
Option premium income
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||
|
Realized gain on sale of trading securities
|
|
|
||||||
|
Unrealized loss on trading securities
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Change in fair value of option premiums
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||
NOTE 17 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
From time-to-time, we are a party to litigation and subject to claims, suits, regulatory and government investigations, other proceedings and consent decrees in the ordinary course of business, and
other unasserted claims. We investigate claims as they arise and accrue estimates for resolution of legal and other contingencies when losses are probable and reasonably estimable. Based on current known facts and circumstances, we currently believe
that any liabilities ultimately resulting from ordinary course claims, and proceedings will not individually or in aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. However, the outcomes of
claims legal proceedings or investigations are inherently unpredictable and subject to uncertainty, and may have an adverse effect on us because of defense costs, diversion of management resources and other factors that are not known to us or cannot
be quantified at this time. We may also receive unfavorable preliminary or interim rulings in the course of litigation, and there can be no assurances that favorable final outcomes will be obtained. The final outcome of any current or future claims
or lawsuits could adversely affect our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We periodically evaluate developments in our legal matters that could affect the amount of liability that has previously been accrued or the
reasonably possible losses that we have disclosed, and make adjustments as appropriate.
20
Table of Contents
Consistent with the practice of many companies, we have entered into, and continue to enter into indemnity agreements with our executive officers and certain members of our board of directors. These
indemnity agreements broadly provide for us to advance expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with any legal proceeding, as well as indemnification for any and all expenses, actually and reasonably incurred, in connection with
the investigation, defense, settlement or appeal of such a proceeding, in connection with matters related to their position. These indemnity agreements provide that the indemnitee shall repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be
determined by final judicial decision from where there is no further right of appeal that the indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified.
Except as indicated below, to the knowledge of our Management Team, there is no litigation currently pending or contemplated against us, or against any of our property.
Litigation with ARC, Patrick Orlando, UAV, Andrew Litinsky, and Wesley Moss in Florida
On February 26, 2024, representatives of ARC Global Investments II, LLC (“ARC”) claimed to Digital World that after a “more comprehensive” review, the conversion ratio for Digital World Class B common stock into Digital World Class A common stock upon the completion of the Business Combination was approximately 1.8 :1. ARC’s new claim also contradicted the previous assertion by Patrick Orlando, the managing member of ARC, that the conversion ratio was 1.68 :1. Digital World’s board of directors viewed these claims as an attempt by Mr. Orlando to secure personal benefits, breaching his fiduciary duty to Digital World and its shareholders. Digital World and Private TMTG initiated a lawsuit against ARC in the Civil Division for the Twelfth Judicial Circuit Court in Sarasota County, Florida, on February 27, 2024 (Docket No. 2024-CA-001061-NC). The complaint sought a declaratory judgment affirming the appropriate conversion ratio as 1.34 :1, as previously disclosed, damages for tortious interference with the contractual and business relationship between Private TMTG and Digital World, and damages for conspiracy with unnamed co-conspirators to interfere with the same. The complaint also sought damages for Mr. Orlando’s breach of fiduciary duty, which exposed Digital World to regulatory liability and resulted in an $18 million penalty, and for his continuous obstruction of Digital World’s merger with Private TMTG to extort various concessions that benefited only him and harmed Digital World and its shareholders. Furthermore, the complaint sought damages for the wrongful assertion of dominion over Digital World’s assets inconsistent with Digital World’s possessory rights over those assets. On March 8, 2024, Digital World voluntarily dismissed its declaratory judgment claim against ARC. On March 17, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed an amended complaint, adding a claim for violation of Florida’s Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act. Digital World further alleged breach of fiduciary duty of loyalty, breach of fiduciary duty of care, and conversion claims against Mr. Orlando. With respect to ARC, Digital World alleged aiding and abetting a breach of fiduciary duty. On April 3, 2024, Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando filed a joint motion to dismiss the amended complaint or, in the alternative, to stay the proceeding pending the Delaware Action (C.A. No. 2024-0184-LWW). Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando also filed that same day a motion to stay discovery in the action.
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Table of Contents
On May 29, 2024, Digital World moved to compel discovery from ARC and Mr. Orlando. On July 15, 2024, following a July 10 hearing, the Court entered an order denying the motion to stay discovery and motion to compel. On July 29, 2024, the Court entered an order denying the motion to dismiss or, in the alternative, to stay the proceeding for improper venue. Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando appealed that order (C.A. No. 2D2024-1780), which the Court dismissed on April 30, 2025. On August 2, 2024, Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando filed a motion to stay pending appeal in the trial court. On July 31, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed a motion for leave to file a second amended complaint, which proposed to add allegations against ARC and Mr. Orlando related to pre-targeting and other misconduct as set forth in the SEC Complaint against Mr. Orlando, and naming UAV, Andrew Litinsky, and Wesley Moss as additional defendants. On August 15, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed a motion for temporary injunction seeking to enjoin the threatened sale of Digital World stock by Defendant ARC and one of the new defendants proposed to be added through the motion for leave to file a second amended complaint. On August 28, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed a renewed motion to compel, seeking prior productions to the SEC and DOJ and other documents from Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando. On August 30, 2024, the trial court held a hearing to address several motions. During the hearing, the Court granted Digital World and Private TMTG’s motion for leave to amend and denied their motion for temporary injunction. The trial court also denied the motion to stay pending appeal filed by Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando. On September 3, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed the Second Amended Complaint. On September 4, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed an expedited motion to compel, seeking production of ARC’s capitalization table, supporting documents, and an order requiring ARC to cooperate with Digital World and Private TMTG in advance of the expiration of the lock-up restriction. On September 5, 2024, Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando filed a motion to stay pending appeal in the Second District Court of Appeal, which the Second District denied on October 18, 2024 (C.A. No. 2D2024-1780). On September 12, 2024, the Court granted in part and denied in part the expedited motion to compel, ordering production of the capitalization table and supporting documents by September 13, 2024, at 12 p.m. On that same day, Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando filed a notice of removal in the Middle District of Florida (C.A. No. 8:24-cv-02161). On September 13, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed an emergency motion to remand to state court in the Middle District of Florida, which the Middle District granted on September 17, 2024. On September 18, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed an emergency motion for temporary injunction and contempt against ARC and Mr. Orlando in the state court action. On that same day, the Court held a hearing during which it granted Digital World and Private TMTG’s motion for contempt, imposed a coercive sanction against ARC and Mr. Orlando of $5,000 per day until they complied with the Court’s September 12 discovery order, and denied their motion for temporary injunction. Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando have filed an appeal of that order, which the Court denied on June 13, 2025 (C.A. No. 2D2024-2364).
On September 20, 2024, ARC filed its answer, defenses, and affirmative defenses to the Second Amended Complaint. On September 26, 2024, Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando filed a motion to compel. On October 1, 2024,
Digital World and Private TMTG filed a motion for an order to show cause why ARC and Mr. Orlando should not be held in further contempt and subject to increased sanctions for their failure to comply with the Court’s September 18 contempt order. On
October 3, 2024, Mr. Orlando filed an amended motion to dismiss the Second Amended Complaint or, alternatively, to stay the action. On October 15, 2024, ARC filed an amended answer, defenses, and affirmative defenses to the Second Amended Complaint,
counterclaim, and third-party complaint, naming 9 additional defendants: Luis Orleans-Braganza, Lee Jacobson, Bruce J. Garelick, Justin Shaner, Eric Swider, Rodrigo Veloso, Ed Preble, Frank Andrews, and Jeffrey Smith. On October 21, 2024, UAV, Mr.
Moss, and Mr. Litinsky jointly filed 3 motions: a motion to dismiss the Second Amended Complaint for failure to state a cause of action, motion to stay pending resolution of the Delaware Action, and motion to dismiss for improper venue. On November
1, 2024, Digital World and Private TMTG filed a supplemental brief in support of the October motion for order to show cause and a fee petition to recover attorneys’ fees pursuant to the September 18 contempt order.
On November 18, 2024, the Court granted in part the October motion for order to show cause, ordering, inter alia, the appointment of a third-party vendor to re-collect all devices and files from ARC and Mr. Orlando and run search terms and a sanction against ARC and Mr. Orlando of $5,000 per day from September 18 to November 8, 2024. Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando have filed a motion for leave to amend their petition to appeal the September 18 order to include an appeal of the November 18 order, which the Court denied on February 5, 2025 (C.A. No. 2D2024-2364).
On January 22, 2025, the Court held a hearing during which it heard the motion to stay pending resolution of the Delaware Action and scheduled an omnibus hearing to hear outstanding motions on March 7, 2025. At the
January 22, 2025 hearing, the Court entered a temporary administrative stay of discovery as to Mr. Litinsky, Mr. Moss, and UAV pending its resolution of their motion to stay. On January 23, 2025, Defendants ARC and Mr. Orlando filed a motion to
compel production of documents and a motion to strike. On February 10, 2025, Mr. Orlando and ARC filed an appeal of the Court’s November 18 order, which the Second District denied on April 24, 2025 (C.A. No. 2D2025-0314).
On February 19, 2025, the Court denied the October 3 motion to stay filed by Mr. Orlando and the October 21 motion to stay filed by UAV, Mr. Moss, and Mr. Litinsky, finding that this action and the Delaware Action do
not “involve substantially similar issues.”
On March 7, 2025, the Court held an omnibus hearing to address outstanding motions. Following the March 7 hearing, the Court entered several orders. It denied the motions to dismiss for improper venue filed by Mr.
Orlando on October 3 and UAV, Mr. Moss, and Mr. Litinsky on October 21. The Court also denied the motions to dismiss for failure to state a claim filed by Mr. Orlando on October 3 and UAV, Mr. Moss, and Mr. Litinsky on October 21. The Court granted
the motions to dismiss the third-party complaint filed on behalf of Lee Jacobson, Bruce J. Garelick, Eric Swider, Rodrigo Veloso, Ed Preble, Frank Andrews, and Jeffrey Smith but provided leave to amend. The Court granted in part the January 23 motion
to compel filed by Mr. Orlando and ARC. The Court also granted in part the motion to dismiss ARC’s counterclaims, dismissing Count V of the counterclaims. On March 21, 2025, UAV, Mr. Moss, and Mr. Litinsky appealed Court’s February 19, 2025 order
denying a stay.
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On March 24, 2025, UAV, Mr. Moss, and Mr. Litinsky filed an appeal of the Court’s February 19, 2025 order (C.A. No. 2D2025-0735) in Florida’s Second District Court of Appeal. On March 26, 2025, UAV, Mr. Moss, and Mr.
Litinsky filed an unopposed motion to amend their March 24 petition, which the Second District granted on April 17, 2025.
On July 15, 2025, the Court entered an order granting in part outstanding motions to dismiss Counterclaims and Third-Party Claims brought by UAV, Mr. Litinsky, Mr. Moss, ARC, and Mr. Orlando and dismissing all
Third-Party Defendants including President Trump. Specifically, the Court dismissed Counts 1 and 7-8 of UAV, Mr. Litinsky, and Mr. Moss’s Counterclaims with prejudice, dismissed Counts 2-6 and 9 of UAV, Mr. Litinsky, and Mr. Moss’s Counterclaims
without prejudice with no leave to replead, dismissed Counts 5-11 of ARC’s Counterclaims without prejudice, and dismissed ARC and Mr. Orlando’s Third-Party Claims with prejudice.
On August 14, 2025, UAV, Mr. Litinsky, and Mr. Moss filed an appeal in the Second District Court of Appeal as to the July 15, 2025 motion to dismiss order (2D2025-2192).
On August 20, 2025, ARC filed its Third Amended Answer, Defenses, and Affirmative Defenses to Plaintiffs’ Second Amended Complaint, and Mr. Orlando filed his Second Amended Answer, Defenses, and Affirmative Defenses to
Plaintiffs’ Second Amended Complaint.
On September 5, 2025, Digital World and Private TMTG filed a motion to compel FranLu LLC – which the Court granted in part on October 1. On that same date, President Trump filed a motion to quash a subpoena directed
to him, which the Court granted on October 6.
On September 11, 2025, UAV, Mr. Litinsky, and Mr. Moss filed an Amended Answer. On September 12, 2025, non-party FranLu, LLC filed a motion for protective order. On September 16, 2025, Iowa and 19 other states filed
an amici curiae brief in support of President Trump’s September 5 motion to quash.
On September 18, 2025, the United States filed a statement of interest in support of President Trump’s September 5 motion to quash. On September 19, 2025, the Court stayed President Trump’s deposition.
On September 26, 2025, ARC and Mr. Orlando filed a motion for partial summary judgment as to extortion claims filed by Digital World and Private TMTG.
On September 29, 2025, Digital World and Private TMTG filed a memorandum regarding whether the appearance of Gunster, Yoakley, & Stewart PA (“Gunster”) required the Court’s recusal.
On October 7, 2025, ARC and Mr. Orlando filed a motion to disqualify the Honorable Hunter W. Carroll, which the Court granted on October 10. On October 14, 2025, the case was reassigned to the Honorable Diana
Moreland. Also on October 14, Digital World and Private TMTG filed a motion to disqualify Gunster and reassign the action to Judge Carroll.
Also on October 21, Digital World and Private TMTG filed an emergency petition for writ of mandamus with the Second District Court of Appeals (2D2025-2814) requesting the court quash Judge Carroll’s order recusing
himself. The Second District Court of Appeals denied Digital World and Private TMTG’s request for expedited treatment of the petition.
A three-week jury trial has been scheduled to begin in July 2026.
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Litigation with ARC in Delaware
On February 29, 2024, ARC filed a lawsuit in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (C.A. No. 2024-0186-LWW) against Digital World and its directors, alleging an impending violation of the Digital World Charter. ARC alleged that Digital World failed to commit to issue conversion shares to ARC that ARC claims it is owed upon the consummation of the Business Combination pursuant to the Charter. ARC claimed a conversion ratio of 1.81 :1 and sought specific performance and damages for the alleged breach of the Charter, a declaratory judgment that the certain derivative securities of Digital World should be included in the calculation of the conversion ratio, a finding that the directors of Digital World breached their fiduciary duties, and a preliminary injunction to enjoin the Business Combination until Digital World “corrected” the conversion ratio. TMTG defended Digital World’s calculation of the conversion ratio and related rights. In addition to its complaint, ARC also filed a motion with the Court of Chancery requesting that the case schedule be expedited to enable the Court of Chancery to conduct an injunction hearing prior to the March 22, 2024, shareholder vote. On March 5, 2024, the Court of Chancery denied ARC’s motion, stating that it would not conduct a merits or injunction hearing before March 22, 2024. Consequently, the Court of Chancery also denied ARC’s request to postpone the Business Combination vote until after a merits hearing. The Court of Chancery ruled that Digital World’s proposal to deposit disputed shares into an escrow account at the close of the Business Combination was adequate to prevent potential irreparable harm related to ARC’s share conversion. The Court of Chancery also found that Digital World’s public disclosures about ARC’s claims and possible conversion scenarios at the close of the Business Combination further mitigated the risk of irreparable harm due to insufficient disclosure for the March 22, 2024 vote. As a result, on March 21, 2024, Digital World entered into two escrow agreements with Odyssey, as follows: (i) an escrow agreement for the benefit of ARC (the “ARC Escrow Agreement”), pursuant to which DWAC deposited into escrow 3,579,480 shares of TMTG shares of common stock (“Common Stock”), and (ii) an escrow agreement for the benefit of the Non-ARC Class B Shareholders (the “Non-ARC Class B Shareholders Escrow Agreement,” and together with the ARC Escrow Agreement, the “Disputed Shares Escrow Agreements”), pursuant to which TMTG deposited into escrow 1,087,553 shares of TMTG Common Stock, which amounts represent the difference between the actual conversion ratio, determined by Digital World’s board of directors upon closing of the Business Combination (which was determined to be 1.348 :1), and a conversion ratio of 2.00 :1. On September 16, 2024, the Court of Chancery issued its order in this matter setting the conversion ratio at 1.4911 :1. The Court of Chancery ruled against ARC on a substantial majority of its claims, reducing ARC’s proposed calculation of the conversion ratio of 1.81 :1 by approximately 70 % and holding that the former board members of Digital World did not breach any fiduciary duties in setting the conversion ratio calculation or in their public disclosures of the same. As a result of the Court of Chancery’s order, a portion of the disputed shares of Common Stock held in escrow were released to ARC. The release of Common Stock is subject to the terms and conditions of the ARC Escrow Agreement with the Escrow Agent and TMTG. Accordingly, 785,825 shares of TMTG Common Stock, which represents the Court’s calculation for the difference between a ratio of 1.348 :1 and 1.4911 :1, were released from escrow (the “Court Ratio”). Both parties still retain the option to file an appeal within 30 days after the Court of Chancery’s final order. In connection with the Court of Chancery’s final order, 238,692 Common Shares deposited in the Non-ARC Class B Shareholders Escrow Agreement, representing the Court Ratio, were released to the applicable holders, subject to the terms and conditions of the Non-ARC Class B Shareholders Escrow Agreement and the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. On October 23, 2024, ARC filed a motion for a $1,000,000 fee award. On July 14, 2025, the Court adjusted the fee award downward, awarding ARC $75,000 —less than 10 % of the amount initially sought. On August 25, 2025, the Court entered a final order and judgment. On September 10, 2025, ARC filed an appeal to the Delaware Supreme Court (No. 375, 2025). On September 23, 2025, Digital World filed a cross-appeal.
Litigation with Orlando in Delaware
On March 15, 2024, Plaintiff Patrick Orlando brought a lawsuit against Digital World in the Court of Chancery seeking advancement of legal fees associated with Mr. Orlando’s involvement in civil litigation against Digital World in Florida and certain other matters (the “Advancement Lawsuit”) (C.A. No. 2024-0264-CDW). Mr. Orlando’s allegations relate to certain provisions in the Digital World Charter, Digital World’s bylaws, and an indemnity agreement allegedly entered into between Mr. Orlando and Digital World. Mr. Orlando alleges that those certain provisions require Digital World to pay the legal fees Mr. Orlando incurred and will incur in connection with legal proceedings in which he is involved by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of Digital World. Mr. Orlando seeks a court order that (i) declares that he is entitled to legal fees for certain proceedings described in the complaint, (ii) requires Digital World to pay for legal fees incurred and future legal fees to be incurred for those proceedings, (iii) requires Digital World to pay the fees incurred to bring the Advancement Lawsuit, and (iv) requires Digital World to pay pre- and post-judgment interest on the amounts owed to Mr. Orlando. On April 3, 2024, the Court of Chancery entered a Stipulation and Advancement Order (“Stipulation”) stating that Mr. Orlando is entitled to advancement of attorneys’ fees and costs incurred with legal proceedings described in the Stipulation, subject to Digital World’s right to challenge the reasonableness of those attorneys’ fees and costs. The Stipulation further states that Mr. Orlando is entitled to fees incurred in connection with enforcement of advancement rights and sets forth procedures that will govern future requests for advancement of attorneys’ fees and costs. As of October 31, 2025, TMTG had paid or agreed to pay approximately $15.5 million to Mr. Orlando’s attorneys pursuant to such Stipulation and TMTG’s other advancement obligations to Mr. Orlando. On April 23, 2024, Mr. Orlando filed a motion for leave to supplement the Advancement Lawsuit to add a claim for advancement of legal fees and expenses Mr. Orlando had incurred and would incur in connection with his defense of an action for declaratory judgment brought by members of ARC regarding Mr. Orlando’s removal as the managing member of ARC (the “ARC Removal Action”). Mr. Orlando also sought reimbursement for the legal fees and expenses incurred in connection with his supplement to the Advancement Lawsuit, and he sought pre-judgment and post-judgment interest on the amounts he claimed were owed to him. On August 1, 2024, plaintiffs in the ARC Removal Action dismissed their complaint without prejudice. On August 8, 2024, Mr. Orlando dismissed his supplemental claims in the Advancement Lawsuit without prejudice.
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On February 10, 2025, Mr. Orlando filed a motion to modify the advancement order, seeking to modify the advancement order to allow him to not submit invoices for experts. On March 12, 2025, the Court denied the motion
in part, stating that “TMTG is entitled to have some concrete information allowing it to assess whether Mr. Orlando’s expenses are reasonable and related to DWAC/TMTG before making a payment” and ordering Mr. Orlando to “provide TMTG with invoices
with sufficient unredacted information that allows it to make that assessment.”
On March 31, 2025, Mr. Orlando filed a motion seeking advancement of certain disputed fees. On April 8, 2025, Mr. Orlando filed a motion for sanctions, which he subsequently withdrew. On June 23, 2025, Mr. Orlando
filed another motion seeking advancement of certain disputed fees. On August 4, 2025, the Court held an oral argument to address the March 31 and June 23 motions disputing fees (the “Fee Motions”). On September 24, 2025, the Court granted in part
and denied in part the Fee Motions. On September 30, 2025, Digital World filed a notice of exception to the September 24 Order or, in the alternative, motion for reargument and entry of a final report, which the Court denied on October 30, 2025. On
November 4, 2025, Digital World filed a notice of exception to the October 30 Order denying the September 30 notice of exception.
NOTE 18 – SEGMENT INFORMATION
In the second quarter of 2025, our internal reporting and segments changed. We divided our consolidated segment into two operating segments to enable enhanced focus on the different strategies required for each long-term strategic plan. We report our operating results through two reportable segments: Media and Truth.Fi:
| • |
Media, previously social media & streaming, includes products and services such as advertisement through our Truth Social platform. Truth+ began paid streaming subscriptions of our Patriot Package during
the period ended September 30, 2025.
|
| • |
Truth.Fi, through our consolidated VIE will provide separately managed accounts (“SMAs”); customized exchange-traded funds and/or exchange-traded products (collectively, “ETFs”) invested in America First
principles, and bitcoin and similar cryptocurrencies or crypto-related securities.
|
The “Corporate & Other” category presented in the following tables is not considered an operating segment. It consists primarily of costs and expenses related to executing our digital asset treasury
strategy and includes the realized and unrealized gains and losses from our digital asset treasury strategy, third-party costs associated with our digital asset holding strategy, net interest expense primarily related to long-term debt obligations
(used to fund our digital asset treasury strategy), and income tax effects generated from our digital asset treasury strategy and related debt issuance. We have not dedicated certain corporate resources to our digital asset treasury strategy.
Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), as of September 30, 2025, is our Chief Executive Officer. Our CODM evaluates the performance of and allocates resources to our segments based on each segment’s
net loss and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Segment EBITDA). Segment EBITDA is defined as segment revenue less operating costs and expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization, interest income or expense (net),
provision or benefit for income taxes, change in fair value of derivative instruments, loss on extinguishment of debt and stock-based compensation expense. We believe Segment EBITDA serves as a measure that assists our CODM and our investors in
comparing our segment performance on a consistent basis.
Our CODM uses cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, trading securities, and digital assets as part of the evaluation of performance and allocation of resources within our
corporate & other category. Total assets is not used to evaluate the performance of our segments. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, all revenues were earned from our Media segment.
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Review of cash forecast models is used to assess the segment’s results and performance, and inform investment decisions by our CODM. Consolidated net loss and Segment EBITDA are used to monitor
budgeted versus actual results. Additionally, review of budgeted versus actual results is used in assessing performance of the segment.
As part of the segment reorganization, we reallocated our Segment EBITDA to each reporting unit and corporate & other. We have reflected this reallocation in all historical periods presented.
The following table presents our segment information for the periods indicated:
|
Three months ended
September 30,
|
Nine months ended
September 30,
|
|||||||||||||||
|
2025
|
2024
|
2025
|
2024
|
|||||||||||||
|
Media
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
||||
|
Truth.Fi
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|
||||||||||
|
Total Segment EBITDA
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||||||
|
Corporate & other
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||||||
|
Interest income/(expense), net
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Depreciation & amortization
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||||||
|
Stock-based compensation
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
( |
)
|
||||||||
|
Income taxes
|
( |
)
|
|
( |
)
|
|
||||||||||
|
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities
|
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||
|
Loss on extinguishment of debt
|
|
|
|
( |
)
|
|||||||||||
|
Net loss
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
$
|
( |
)
|
||||
The following table provides information related to our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, trading securities, and digital assets:
|
September 30, 2025
|
December 31, 2024
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Media
|
Truth.Fi
|
Corporate
& Other
|
Media
|
Truth.Fi
|
Corporate
& other
|
|||||||||||||||||||
|
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
||||||||||||
|
Short-term investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Trading securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
Digital assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
$
|
|
|||||||||||||
NOTE 19 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On October 28, 2025, we announced that we will make prediction markets available on Truth Social through an exclusive arrangement with Crypto.com | Derivatives North America (CDNA), a CFTC-registered
exchange and clearinghouse. Following the integration, Truth Social will be the first social media platform to offer our users technology to access embedded prediction markets capabilities through CDNA. Truth Social users will be able to trade
prediction contracts related to major events and milestones, such as political elections, interest and inflation rate changes, commodity prices on gold and crude oil, events across all major sports leagues, and more using the new product technology
called “Truth Predict.”
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Table of Contents
| Item 2. |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
|
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
References in this report (this “Quarterly Report”) to “TMTG,” “we,” “us” or the “Company” refer to Trump Media & Technology Group Corp.
References to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited
condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. All amounts are in thousands, except per share and quantity data. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth
below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to those differences include, but are not limited
to, those identified below and those discussed in the sections titled “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this report.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”)
and Section 21E of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) that are not historical facts, and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those
expected and projected. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report including, without limitation, statements under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”
regarding the Company’s financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. When used in this Quarterly Report, words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,”
“intend,” “estimate,” “aim,” “plan,” “may,” “will,” “continue,” “should,” “seek” and variations and similar words and expressions identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of management, as well as
assumptions made by, and information currently available to management. A number of factors could cause actual events, performance or results to differ materially from the events, performance and results discussed in the forward-looking statements.
For information identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the Risk Factors section of the Company’s Form 10-K filed with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 14, 2025, and other documents filed with the SEC, which describe additional factors that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, or
results of operations. The Company’s securities filings can be accessed on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Except as expressly required by applicable securities law, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update
or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Overview
We ended September 30, 2025 with $3,106,527.3 of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, trading securities, and digital assets, as well as $950,769.1 of debt (excluding lease
liabilities). Our $335,838.8 of restricted cash serves as collateral to our debt which may be used to purchase bitcoin and bitcoin related securities, and our unexpired cash-covered put options.
Truth Social
TMTG started from scratch intending to open up the Internet and give the American people their voices back. At the time, with no accountability, unknown censors were squelching social
media posts that contradicted the consensus of the corporate media—which, as always, was dutifully acting as a robotic mouthpiece for leftwing disinformation. This had already been going on, through shadow bans and other less overt forms of on-line
policing, for some time. But Big Tech eventually lost all restraint, ruthlessly banning dissidents’ accounts for expressing any thought that fell within a rapidly expanding set of unauthorized and unutterable viewpoints. The victims, of course,
included the then-sitting President of the United States, Donald Trump.
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TMTG thus developed and launched the Truth Social platform, restoring free speech to millions of Americans who had been suffocated by Big Tech. Anchored by Donald Trump’s restored
social media account, Truth Social was stood up as we’d envisioned it—a free-speech haven where everyone, regardless of their political viewpoint, could speak their mind without some faceless tech bureaucrat judging the acceptability of their
speech.Truth Social was generally made available in the first quarter of 2022. TMTG prides itself on operating its platform, to the best of its ability, without relying on Big Tech companies. Partnering with mission-aligned technology firms, we fully
launched Truth Social for iOS in April 2022. We debuted the Truth Social web application in May 2022, and the Truth Social Android App became available in the Samsung Galaxy and Google Play stores in October 2022. In. July 2025, TMTG announced the
launch of a Truth Social app for iPads.
We introduced direct messaging to all versions of Truth Social in 2022, released a “Groups” feature for users in May 2023, and announced the general availability of Truth Social
internationally in June 2023. In March 2025, TMTG announced updates and enhancements to the “Groups” feature. TMTG has also connected the Truth Social platform to its Truth+ streaming service, and added additional features including “for you” feed, a
“discover” tab to find trending content, and a carousel to recommend other accounts. In August 2025, TMTG announced that it had begun beta testing its new AI search feature, Truth Search AI, on the Truth Social platform.
In September 2025, TMTG announced a major update to the Truth Social app, introducing premium features for Patriot Package subscribers—including editing, scheduling, and cross-device
drafts of truths—as well as a new rewards system using Truth gems and Crypto.com’s wallet infrastructure. The update also enhanced Truth Search AI with conversation history, added group truth titles, and enabled access to version history for all
users.
To foster a flourishing digital public forum, TMTG seeks to prevent illegal and other prohibited content from contaminating its platform. In accordance with Truth Social’s terms of
service, illegal and prohibited content includes, but is not limited to a) sexual content or language; b) content that includes sexual activity, sexual intercourse or any type of sexual act; c) any content that portrays or suggest explicit sexual
acts or sexually suggestive positions or poses; d) sexually suggestive (explicit or vague) statements, texts or phrases; or e) content in which sexual acts are requested or offered, including pornography, prostitution, sugar babies, sex trafficking
or sexual fetishes. Using human moderators and an artificial intelligence vendor known as HIVE, Truth Social has developed what TMTG believes is a robust, fair, and viewpoint-neutral moderation system and that our moderation practices are consistent
with, and indeed help facilitate, TMTG’s objective of maintaining “a public, real-time platform where any user can create content, follow other users, and engage in an open and honest global conversation without fear of being censored or cancelled
due to their political viewpoints.”
Truth+
Social media users were not the only casualties of the woke crackdown on free speech—dissident TV programming and news broadcasts were being suppressed by entertainment conglomerates
and cable providers. Thus, after reopening the Internet to free speech, TMTG decided to create a TV streaming service to give Americans an alternative to woke Hollywood entertainment and biased news broadcasts, and to provide a safe home for content
and newscasters that had been cancelled, were at risk of cancellation, or were being kept off the air for having the wrong perspectives.
On April 16, 2024, TMTG announced that, after nine months of testing on its Web and iOS platforms, the Company had completed the research and development phase of a new live TV
streaming platform and expects to begin scaling up its own content delivery network (“CDN”) branded as Truth+.
We announced plans to roll out its streaming content in three phases:
Phase 1: Introduce Truth Social’s CDN for streaming live TV to the Truth Social app for Android, iOS, and Web. On August 7, 2024, TMTG announced that TV streaming via Truth Social had
become available via all three modalities.
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Table of Contents
Phase 2: Release stand-alone Truth Social over-the-top streaming apps for phones, tablets, and other devices. As of October 21, 2024, TMTG had announced that Truth+ streaming had been
released as a standalone product on Android, iOS, and Web.
Phase 3: Release Truth Social streaming apps for connected TVs. As of October 23, 2024, TMTG had announced that Truth+ streaming had been released on Apple TV, Android TV, and Amazon
Fire TV. On March 19, 2025 and May 22, 2025, respectively, TMTG announced the release of Truth+ streaming and on-demand content via Roku.
On April 9, 2025, TMTG announced that the Truth+ mobile and streaming TV applications had been made available in Canada and Mexico, as well as the United States. On July 7, 2025, TMTG
announced the successful launch of global streaming.
Since the initial launch of Truth+, TMTG has steadily added both on-demand content and live 24-hour news streams. TMTG is actively developing various means of monetizing the Truth+
platform, including through advertising. On July 9, 2025, TMTG announced the public beta testing of a subscription plan with premium content, the Patriot Package—and that, in the future, Patriot Package subscribers will accumulate gems, which will
eventually be tied to a utility token on both Truth Social and Truth+. On August 7, 2025, TMTG announced that Truth+ launched a slate of on-demand content from the Great American Media broadcaster—home to a wide array of programming and brands,
spanning faith, comedies, dramas, classic series, lifestyle content, and more, and on August 7, 2025, TMTG announced that Truth+ has added British news broadcaster GB News to the Truth+ platform.
Truth.Fi
Truth.Fi is TMTG’s newest brand, incorporating financial services and financial technology. By expanding into this realm, we aim to serve millions of investors in America and around
the world who believe in the greatness of the American economy and want to invest in superior companies while avoiding the giant, woke investment funds and politically motivated debanking problems.
On January 29, 2025, TMTG announced a financial technology strategy. In addition to traditional investment vehicles, these funds may be allocated to customized separately managed accounts (“SMAs”);
customized exchange-traded funds and/or exchange-traded products (collectively, “ETFs”); and bitcoin and similar cryptocurrencies or crypto-related securities. On April 15, 2025, TMTG and its partners announced the launch of SMAs. On April 22,
2025, TMTG and its partners announced an agreement to launch a series of ETFs, which are expected to comprise securities as well as digital assets. Registration statements for three cryptocurrency ETFs—consisting of (1) bitcoin; (2) bitcoin and
Ethereum; and (3) bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, Cronos, and Ripple—were filed on June 5, 2025; June 15, 2025; and July 8, 2025, respectively. An amended registration statement for the bitcoin ETF was filed on August 11, 2025. A registration statement
for five equity ETFs—consisting of (1) American Icons; (2) American Security & Defense; (3) American Next Frontiers; (4) American Energy Security; and (5) American Red State REITs—was filed on September 10, 2025.
Bitcoin and Digital Asset Strategy
TMTG implemented a bitcoin and digital asset treasury strategy to help ensure the Company’s financial freedom and protect against discrimination by financial institutions, and may
also consider the acquisition of other, similar cryptocurrencies.
TMTG’s bitcoin and digital asset strategy generally involves, from time to time and subject to market conditions, (i) issuing debt or equity securities or engaging in other capital
raising transactions and (ii) using the proceeds of such capital raises to acquire bitcoin. TMTG’s bitcoin and digital asset strategy may also include purchasing bitcoin-related securities or, given certain market conditions, selling bitcoin and
investing such proceeds in assets including cash, cash equivalents, other interest bearing investments, or other digital assets.
On May 30, 2025, TMTG announced that it had closed a private placement offering with approximately 50 investors, previously announced on May 27, 2025, consisting of (i) the sale of
the Company’s common stock, for gross proceeds of approximately $1.44 billion and (ii) 0.00% convertible senior secured notes due 2028 in the principal amount of $1.00 billion, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $2.44 billion. On July
13, 2025, TMTG announced the effectiveness of a registrations statement in connection with such offering.
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Table of Contents
On August 25, 2025, TMTG entered into a privately negotiated purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Foris Holdings US, Inc. (“Foris”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement,
TMTG transferred to Foris 2,797,985 shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and $50,000.0 of cash, in exchange for 684,427,004 Cronos, which is the native cryptocurrency of the Cronos blockchain.
TMTG will acquire its bitcoin, bitcoin-related holdings, and digital assets in the amounts and on the timeline it deems optimal. TMTG will continue to monitor market conditions in
implementing its strategy and determining whether to engage in future financings to purchase additional bitcoin and digital assets.
Trump Media Group CRO Strategy
On August 26, 2025, TMTG announced that it entered into a definitive agreement (as amended by Amendment No. 1 to the Business Combination Agreement, dated October 31, 2025,the “Business
Combination Agreement”) for a business combination (the “Business Combination”) to establish Trump Media Group CRO Strategy, Inc., a digital asset treasury company focused on acquisition of the native cryptocurrency token of the Cronos ecosystem
with Yorkville Acquisition Corp., a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) sponsored by Yorkville Acquisition Sponsor LLC (“Yorkville”).
Expected funding for the digital asset treasury will consist of $1 billion in Cronos (6,313,000,212 Cronos, representing approximately 19% of the total Cronos market cap as of
announcement) from Crypto.com, $200 million in cash and $220 million cash-in mandatory exercise warrants, with an additional $5 billion equity line of credit from an affiliate of Yorkville, YA II PN, Ltd., which would make it the first and largest
publicly traded Cronos treasury company, as well as what we believe to be the largest digital asset treasury company to market cap ratio in history.
Following the completion of the Business Combination, Trump Media Group CRO Strategy will implement a forward-looking digital asset treasury strategy centered on the accumulation and
active management of Cronos. This approach is designed to capture long-term value by allocating substantially all of the Company’s cash reserves to acquiring Cronos. By focusing on yield-generating, ecosystem-aligned assets rather than traditional
non-productive holdings, Trump Media Group CRO Strategy aims to enhance capital efficiency, establish itself as a disciplined, long-term participant in the evolving digital asset landscape and benefit from early-stage market positioning in a growing
asset. The strategy includes the establishment and operation of a validator node by the Company and the delegation of Cronos under management to the validator. The operation of the validator will enable direct participation in the network’s security
and governance, while generating native staking rewards that are reinvested to compound Cronos holdings over time and help offset operational expenses. The validator will be established and maintained by a crypto-native team with a deep understanding
of the Cronos ecosystem, aiming to maximize staking rewards and attracting additional delegation of Cronos from third-party Cronos holders.
Pursuant to and concurrently with the execution and delivery of the Business Combination Agreement, TMTG entered into an asset contribution agreement with Yorkville Acquisition Corp. (the “TMTG
Contribution Agreement” and, together with the Crypto.com Contribution Agreements (as defined in the Business Combination Agreement) and the TMTG License Agreement (defined below), the “Contribution Agreements”) pursuant to which, at the closing of
the Business Combination (the “Closing” and such date, the “Closing Date”), TMTG will contribute 100% of the issued and outstanding membership interests of Trump Media Group, LLC, a Florida limited liability company, to Yorkville Acquisition Corp.
in consideration of 10,000,000 shares of Yorkville Acquisition Corp.’s Class A Common Stock, three tranches of Earnout Warrants exercisable for a total of up to 21% of the SPAC’s outstanding capital stock at the time of the Closing, and a Forced
Exercise Warrant, exercisable for 10,000,000 shares of Yorkville Acquisition Corp.’s Class A Common Stock. Pursuant to and concurrently with the execution and delivery of the Business Combination Agreement, TMTG entered into a trademark license
agreement (the “TMTG License Agreement”), with Trump Media Group, LLC, a Florida limited liability company, (“Asset Company”) pursuant to which, immediately prior to, but contingent upon, the Closing, TMTG will license the rights to use the “Trump
Media Group” brand name and certain other Intellectual Property rights to the Asset Company.
In connection with the Business Combination Agreement, TMTG will into a lock-up agreement (the “Lock-Up Agreement”) with the other parties. Pursuant to the terms of the Lock-Up
Agreement, TMTG will be restricted on their ability to dispose of their ownership in Trump Media Group CRO Strategy, Inc. during the 36-month period beginning on the Closing Date.
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Company Growth Strategy
While continuing to develop, refine, and expand its existing products and services, TMTG is looking to further diversify into new sectors. A key part of its strategy is to form
partnerships with great companies that align with TMTG’s mission, and to expand into new realms through mergers and acquisitions. We are strongly focusing on potential merger-and-acquisition opportunities with top-quality companies, and we hope to
find “crown jewel” assets in the near future. TMTG envisions ultimately evolving into a larger holding company for numerous great products and services, compatible with America First principles, spanning multiple key sectors of the economy.
Consolidated Results of Operations
Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
The following table sets forth our consolidated financial results for the periods presented and the dollar and percentage changes between those periods. The period-to-period
comparison of financial results is not necessarily indicative of future results.
|
(in thousands)
|
For the three months ended
September 30,
2025
|
For the three months ended
September 30,
2024
|
Variance,
$
|
Variance,
%
|
||||||||||||
|
Revenue
|
$
|
972.9
|
$
|
1,010.9
|
(38.0
|
)
|
(4
|
%)
|
||||||||
|
Cost of revenue
|
446.8
|
123.3
|
323.5
|
262
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Research and development
|
8,302.2
|
3,893.7
|
4,408.5
|
113
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Sales and marketing
|
717.5
|
2,189.4
|
(1,471.9
|
)
|
(67
|
%)
|
||||||||||
|
General and administration
|
31,056.1
|
17,697.0
|
13,359.1
|
75
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Change in fair value of digital assets
|
16,204.6
|
-
|
16,204.6
|
100
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
1,904.1
|
762.2
|
1,141.9
|
150
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Total operating costs and expenses
|
58,631.3
|
24,665.6
|
33,965.7
|
138
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Loss from operations
|
(57,658.4
|
)
|
(23,654.7
|
)
|
(34,003.7
|
)
|
144
|
%
|
||||||||
|
Other income/(expense):
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Interest income
|
13,384.4
|
4,653.0
|
8,731.4
|
188
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Interest expense
|
(11,474.4
|
)
|
(246.7
|
)
|
(11,227.7
|
)
|
4,551
|
%
|
||||||||
|
Investment income
|
984.5
|
-
|
984.5
|
100
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Loss before income taxes
|
$
|
(54,763.9
|
)
|
$
|
(19,248.4
|
)
|
(35,515.5
|
)
|
(185
|
%)
|
||||||
Revenues
Revenues decreased $38.0, or 4%, to $972.9 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to revenue of $1,010.9 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease
was primarily attributable to advertising economics between the relevant periods. Additionally, revenue has varied as we continue to selectively test an early-stage advertising initiative on our Truth Social platform. The decrease was mitigated
marginally by revenue generated from paid subscriptions to the Patriot Package on our nascent Truth+ streaming service.
Cost of revenue
Cost of revenue increased $323.5, or 262%, to $446.8 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $123.3 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was
primarily due to content license and data center lease costs that support our burgeoning Truth+ platform.
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Table of Contents
Research and development expense
Research and development expense increased $4,408.5, or 113%, to $8,302.2 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $3,893.7 for the three months ended September 30,
2024. The increase was driven by higher stock-based compensation expense of $2,886.9 in the third quarter of 2025 compared to $0.0 stock-based compensation expense recorded in the third quarter of 2024. Higher IT consulting costs of $2,142.8 in the
third quarter of 2025 versus $150.0 in the third quarter of 2024 also contributed to the year-over-year increase in research and development expense in the quarter.
Sales and marketing expense
Sales and marketing expense decreased $1,471.9, or 67% to $717.5 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 from $2,189.4 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The
decrease was primarily driven by a reduction in marketing activity.
General and administration expense
General and administration expense increased $13,359.1, or 75%, to $31,056.1 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $17,697.0 for the three months ended September
30, 2024. The increase was due in part to higher stock-based compensation expense of $7,603.3 during the quarter ended September 30, 2025, compared to $45.7 of stock-based compensation expense in the quarter ended September 30, 2024. In addition,
legal fees increased $8,234.4, or 68%, to $20,330.6 in the current quarter versus $12,096.3 in the prior-year period.
Change in fair value of digital assets
The expense related to the change in fair value of digital assets increased $16,204.6, or 100%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $0.0 for the three months
ended September 30, 2024. The increase is due to the difference in our purchase price of bitcoin and Cronos in the third quarter of 2025 and the ending spot price of our bitcoin and Cronos investments on their principal market as of the close of
market on September 30, 2025. There were no investments in digital assets during the three months ended September 30, 2024.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $1,141.9, or 150%, to $1,904.1 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $762.2 for the three months ended September
30, 2024. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was due to a full period of depreciation and amortization in the current quarter of software and hardware utilized to place our CDN into service as part of our launch of streaming video
through Truth+ compared to a partial quarter for the three months ended September 30, 2024 when the assets were placed into service.
Interest income
Interest income increased $8,731.4, or 188%, to $13,384.4 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $4,653.0 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The
increase was driven by higher cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and short-term investment balances.
Interest expense
Interest expense increased $11,227.7, or 4,551%, to $11,474.4 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $246.7 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The
increase was primarily due to the accreted interest on the loan assumed as a result of the WCT acquisition and our $1,000,000.0 convertible notes facility issued in May 2025.
Investment income
Investment income increased $984.5, or 100%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $0.0 for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily
due to $15,333.9 of realized income from premiums related to written option contracts, offset by $11,418.0 of unrealized losses on our trading securities and $2,933.9 of unrealized losses due to the change in fair value of our unexpired option
contracts.
32
Table of Contents
Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
The following table sets forth our consolidated financial results for the periods presented and the dollar and percentage changes between those periods. The period-to-period
comparison of financial results is not necessarily indicative of future results.
|
(in thousands)
|
For the nine months ended
September 30,
2025
|
For the nine months ended
September 30,
2024
|
Variance,
$
|
Variance,
%
|
||||||||||||
|
Revenue
|
$
|
2,677.4
|
$
|
2,618.3
|
59.1
|
2
|
%
|
|||||||||
|
Cost of revenue
|
1,126.4
|
252.9
|
873.5
|
345
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Research and development
|
33,908.1
|
41,913.9
|
(8,005.8
|
)
|
(19
|
%)
|
||||||||||
|
Sales and marketing
|
1,770.9
|
4,435.1
|
(2,664.2
|
)
|
(60
|
%)
|
||||||||||
|
General and administration
|
84,852.0
|
95,910.7
|
(11,058.7
|
)
|
(12
|
%)
|
||||||||||
|
Change in fair value of digital assets
|
16,204.6
|
-
|
16,204.6
|
100
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
5,516.8
|
771.5
|
4,745.3
|
615
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Total operating costs and expenses
|
143,378.8
|
143,284.1
|
94.7
|
0
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Loss from operations
|
(140,701.4
|
)
|
(140,665.8
|
)
|
(35.6
|
)
|
(0
|
%)
|
||||||||
|
Other income/(expense):
|
||||||||||||||||
|
Interest income
|
38,216.1
|
6,814.5
|
31,401.6
|
461
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Interest expense
|
(15,766.3
|
)
|
(2,906.5
|
)
|
(12,859.8
|
)
|
442
|
%
|
||||||||
|
Investment income
|
12,069.5
|
-
|
12,069.5
|
100
|
%
|
|||||||||||
|
Loss on the extinguishment of debt
|
-
|
(542.3
|
)
|
542.3
|
100
|
%
|
||||||||||
|
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities
|
-
|
(225,916.0
|
)
|
225,916.0
|
100
|
%
|
||||||||||
|
Loss before income taxes
|
$
|
(106,182.1
|
)
|
$
|
(363,216.1
|
)
|
257,034.0
|
71
|
%
|
|||||||
Revenues
Revenues increased $59.1, or 2%, to $2,677.4 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to revenue of $2,618.3 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase
was primarily attributable to revenue generated from paid subscriptions to the Patriot Package on our nascent Truth+ streaming service.
Cost of revenue
Cost of revenue increased $873.5, or 345%, to $1,126.4 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $252.9 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was
primarily due to content license and data center lease costs that support our burgeoning Truth+ platform.
Research and development expense
Research and development expense decreased $8,005.8, or 19%, to $33,908.1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $41,913.9 for the nine months ended September 30,
2024. The decrease was primarily driven by lower stock-based compensation expense of $18,496.1 in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $30,142.5 of stock-based compensation expense recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
The 2024 charge related to the issuance of convertible notes to certain vendors engaged in the development of our live TV streaming platform, Truth+. The decrease in stock-based compensation expense was marginally offset by higher year-over-year
consulting and server costs related to the launch of Truth+.
33
Table of Contents
Sales and marketing expense
Sales and marketing expense decreased $2,664.2, or 60%, to $1,770.9 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $4,435.1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The
decrease was primarily driven by a $600.0 bonus paid to an entity owned by a former director of and consultant to Private TMTG during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and a decrease in marketing activity.
General and administration expense
General and administration expense decreased $11,058.7, or 12%, to $84,852.0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $95,910.7 for the nine months ended September 30,
2024. The decrease was primarily due to lower stock-based compensation expense of $27,590.4 during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, down $26,900.8 (49%) from $54,491.2 of stock-based compensation expense to employees and vendors in
connection with the merger transaction recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. These savings were partially offset by higher legal fees, which increased $22,857.5, or 102%, to $46,177.3 in the nine months ended September 30, 2025
versus $22,319.8 in the prior-year period.
Change is fair value of digital assets
The expense related to the change in fair value of digital assets increased $16,204.6, or 100%, to $16,204.6 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $0.0 for the nine
months ended September 30, 2024. The increase is due to the difference in our purchase price of bitcoin and Cronos in the third quarter of 2025 and the ending spot price of our bitcoin and Cronos investments on their principal market as of the close
of market on September 30, 2025. There were no investments in digital assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $4,745.3, or 615%, to $5,516.8 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $771.5 for the nine months ended September 30,
2024. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense was due to the acquisition of software and hardware utilized to place our CDN into service as part of our launch of streaming video through Truth+ in August 2024.
Interest income
Interest income increased $31,401.6, or 461%, to $38,216.1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $6,814.5 for the nine months ended
September 30, 2024. The increase was due to higher cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and short-term investment balances for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 versus the prior-year period. Interest earned during the nine months ended
September 30, 2024 only relates to the period from March 25, 2024 (the merger date) to September 30, 2024, prior to our completion of our PIPE and convertible note financings, which provided surplus cash available for investments in May 2025.
Interest expense
Interest expense increased $12,859.8, or 442%, to $15,766.3 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $2,906.5 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The
increase in interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 is attributable to the accreted interest on the loan assumed as a result of the WCT acquisition and our $1,000,000.0 convertible notes facility issued in May 2025.
Investment income
Investment income increased $12,069.5, or 100%, to $12,069.5 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $0.0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase
was primarily due to $22,912.1 of realized income from premiums received through the sale of written option contracts, offset by $7,802.0 of unrealized losses on our trading securities and $3,043.6 of unrealized losses from the change in fair value
of our unexpired option contracts.
34
Table of Contents
Loss on the extinguishment of debt
The loss from the extinguishment of debt of certain Private TMTG Convertible Notes decreased by $542.3, or 100%, to $0.0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to
$542.3 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Upon extinguishment of certain Private TMTG Convertible Notes in March 2024, we recorded a loss equal to the difference between the net carrying value of the applicable Private TMTG Convertible
Notes and the fair value of our assets.
Change in the fair value of derivative liabilities
The loss from the change in the fair value of the derivative liabilities of the Private TMTG Convertible Notes decreased $225,916.0, or 100%, to $0.0 for the nine months ended
September 30, 2025, compared to $225,916.0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. All Private TMTG Convertible Notes were automatically converted into shares of our common stock immediately prior to Closing of the Merger, and pursuant to ASC
815, the derivative liabilities were revalued immediately prior to the conversion of the Private TMTG Convertible Notes on March 25, 2024, when our closing share price was $49.95 per share. The substantial increase in the value of our common stock
when combined with the certainty of our execution of the Merger were primarily responsible for the increase in the change in fair value of the derivative liabilities. The increase in the fair value of the derivative liabilities was a non-cash expense
and the issuance of Private TMTG common stock upon conversion of the Private TMTG Convertible Notes extinguished the derivative liabilities immediately prior to the Closing. Therefore, there was no derivative liability recorded as of September 30,
2025, and there will no longer be future earnings adjustments pertaining to the Private TMTG Convertible Notes derivative liabilities.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
Historically, as a private company, we financed operations primarily through cash proceeds from the issuance of Private TMTG Convertible Notes. During 2024, our capitalization was significantly enhanced
through receipt of proceeds from the Business Combination, the conversion of warrants, and the issuance of common stock described in detail in the section below titled, “Standby Equity Purchase Agreement.” Our capitalization was further enhanced in
2025 with proceeds from the issuance of common stock and convertible notes described below in the section titled, “PIPE & Convertible Notes.” As a result, we ended September 30, 2025 with $3,106,527.3 of
cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, trading securities, and digital assets, and $950,769.1 of debt (excluding lease liabilities). Cash and cash equivalents consist of interest-bearing deposits and money market funds
held at financial institutions. Cash deposits are held at major financial institutions and are subject to credit risk to the extent those balances exceed applicable Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) limitations. Short-term investments
consist of repurchase agreements in which we loan our cash over 1 to 3 days to a seller in exchange for interest earned on debt securities collateralizing the loan. The seller retains a beneficial interest in the securities serving as collateral.
Our restricted cash balance consists of $26,838.8 of cash that serves as collateral to our convertible notes, although the collateral may be used to purchase bitcoin and bitcoin related securities. This collateral will be released to us upon
payment in full of the principal, together with accrued and unpaid interest, on the Notes (defined below), or following the times upon our request that the outstanding principal balance of the Notes is $500,000.0 or less and $250,000.0 or less.
Restricted cash also includes $309,000.0 that served as collateral on our put options that were unexpired as of September 30, 2025, and has been or will be released upon expiration of the options.
Our primary short-term requirements for liquidity and capital are to fund general working capital and to invest in our strategic growth initiatives. We currently seek to (1) grow our
initial product, Truth Social; (2) increase additional product offerings and services, including through further development of our streaming technology platform, Truth+; and (3) pursue strategic acquisitions and/or partnerships. We intend to fund
these activities through a combination of deploying cash on hand, generating advertising, subscription, and fee-based revenues, issuing equity, issuing debt, and/or selling stock pursuant to that certain Standby Equity Purchase Agreement dated July
3, 2024.
We anticipate that the current cash and cash equivalents on hand will be sufficient to fund current operations for at least the next 12 months; however, we cannot guarantee that we
will not be required to obtain additional financing, or that additional financing, if needed, will be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all. In addition, although there are no other present binding understandings, commitments, or agreements
with respect to any acquisition of other businesses, products, or technologies, we will, from time to time, evaluate acquisitions of other businesses, products, and technologies. If we are unable to raise additional equity or debt financing, as and
when needed, we could be forced to forego such acquisitions or significantly curtail our operations.
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Standby Equity Purchase Agreement
On July 3, 2024, we entered into the Standby Equity Purchase Agreement (the “SEPA”), pursuant to which we shall have the right, but not the obligation to sell up to $2,500,000.0 of
our common stock, subject to certain limitations and conditions set forth in the SEPA, from time to time during the term of the SEPA.
The per share subscription price is 97.25% of the Market Price during a one or three-day pricing period elected by us. The “Market Price” is defined in the SEPA as the lowest daily
volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) during the one trading day, in the case of a one-day pricing period or of the three consecutive trading days, in the case of a three-day pricing period. There is no upper limit on the subscription price per
share that could be paid for the shares.
No shares of common stock were sold pursuant to the terms of the SEPA during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. As of September 30, 2025, we have sold a cumulative total of
20,330,365 shares of our common stock for prices between $14.31 and $36.98 per share, pursuant to the terms of the SEPA. Proceeds of these equity sales under the terms of the SEPA were $449,874.6 (net of $513.5 of deferred offering costs).
PIPE & Convertible Notes
On May 29, 2025, we entered into an Indenture, providing $1,000,000.0 in 0.00% convertible senior secured notes due on May 29, 2028 (the “Notes”), unless earlier repurchased or
converted. The Notes carried a 4.00% original issuance discount. Concurrently with the issuance of the Notes, we executed subscription agreements (the “Equity PIPE Subscription Agreements”) with accredited investors (the “Equity PIPE Subscribers”)
pursuant to which we sold an aggregate of 55,857,181 shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, for gross proceeds of $1,395,318.3 in a private placement (the “PIPE Financing”). The PIPE Financing was issued in a private placement in
reliance upon an exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The proceeds from the Notes and PIPE Financing are intended to be used to purchase bitcoin, bitcoin related securities, and for the
PIPE proceeds, working capital and general corporate purposes.
We were required to have an initial Loan-to-Collateral Ratio of less than or equal to 1.0 to 1.0, with the Loan-to-Collateral Ratio calculated as the aggregate outstanding principal
balance of all Notes divided by the sum of (i) the aggregate market value of bitcoin collateral multiplied by 0.5263157895, plus (ii) the aggregate value of all of cash and cash equivalents collateral. We delivered to the Collateral Agent the
$1,000,000.0 collateral of restricted cash. Portions of the collateral will be released when the outstanding aggregate principal balance of all Notes is at $500,000.0 or less, and an additional portion will be released when the outstanding aggregate
principal of all Notes is $250,000.0 or less. Collateral will be automatically released upon payment in full of the principal, together with accrued and unpaid interest, on the Notes, or following the times upon our request that the outstanding
principal balance of the Notes is $500,000.0 or less and $250,000.0 or less, so long as, immediately after such release the Loan-to-Collateral Ratio as of the date of release is 1.0 to 1.0 or less.
Each Note holder has the right at its option, to require us to repurchase its Notes for cash on November 30, 2026, at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the
Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, subject to the terms and conditions in the Indenture. Holders of the Notes may at their option convert such holder’s Notes into shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of 28.8 shares
per $1,000 of Notes. We retain the right to force conversion if, at any time after November 29, 2025, the last reported sale price of our common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion rate for any 20 consecutive trading days during a 30-day trading
period.
We may, at any time and from time to time, seek to retire or purchase our outstanding Notes through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity or debt, in open-market purchases, privately-negotiated
transactions, or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will be upon such terms and at such prices as we determine, and will depend on factors including liquidity, price, market conditions, and legal requirements.
Share Repurchase Program
On June 23, 2025, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $400,000.0 of our common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). We may repurchase shares or
warrants from time to time on the open market, including in block trades, in accordance with applicable federal securities rules and regulations. The Share Repurchase Program has no time limit, does not obligate us to make any repurchases and may
be modified, suspended or terminated by us at any time without prior notice. The amount and timing of repurchases are subject to a variety of factors including liquidity, share price, market conditions, and legal requirements, and will be funded
by available cash and cash equivalents. As of September 30, 2025, we had repurchased 355,208 shares at an average price of $18.02 per share and total cost of $6,400.1, in
accordance with the program.
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Cash Flows
The following table shows our cash flows for the stated periods:
|
(in thousands)
|
For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2025
|
For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2024
|
Variance
|
|||||||||
|
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities
|
$
|
2,638.8
|
$
|
(52,640.0
|
)
|
$
|
55,278.8
|
|||||
|
Net cash used in investing activities
|
(1,973,108.2
|
)
|
(312,773.7
|
)
|
(1,660,334.5
|
)
|
||||||
|
Net cash provided by financing activities
|
2,302,144.8
|
734,976.7
|
1,567,168.1
|
|||||||||
Net Cash Provided by/(Used in) Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $2,638.8, a $55,278.8 improvement over the $52,640.0 used in operating activities during the
nine months ended September 30, 2024. The improvement in operating cash flow was primarily driven by an increase of $43,471.1 in income from investments in repurchase agreements, money market funds, and option premiums, as well as reduced marketing
expenses and merger-related payments, partially offset by higher payments for legal fees and other professional services.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $1,973,108.2 compared to $312,773.7 used in investing activities during the nine months ended
September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily due to outflows for the purchase of $1,436,000.0 of digital assets and $592,756.4 of trading securities, as we began our digital asset treasury strategy, compared to $300,742.5 of short-term investment
purchases for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $2,302,144.8 compared to $734,976.7 provided by financing activities for the nine months
ended September 30, 2024. Cash provided during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 is mainly comprised of $960,000.0 of proceeds from the issuance of convertible notes and $1,395,318.3 from common stock sold through a PIPE financing, partially
offset by $34,399.3 of debt and equity offering costs and $14,662.8 of common stock repurchases. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, cash provided from financing activities comprised cash proceeds of $233,017.5 from the merger, $47,455.0
from the issuance of convertible notes, $117,949.8 from warrant exercises, and $336,554.4 from the issuance of common stock (net of repurchases).
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
There have been no material changes in our off-balance sheet arrangements as discussed in our Annual Report.
Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Management Estimates
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of financial statements also requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported
amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses, as well as the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable
under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by our management team. We refer to estimates, assumptions and judgments of this type as our critical accounting policies and estimates, which we discussed in
our Annual Report. We review our critical accounting policies and estimates with the audit committee of our board of directors on an annual basis.
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There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies from those disclosed in our 2024 From 10-K, except as described below:
Variable Interest Entity
GAAP requires the assessment of whether an entity is a VIE and, if so, if we are the primary beneficiary at the inception of the entity or at a reconsideration event. Additionally, GAAP requires the
consolidation of VIEs in which a company has a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s
economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
On April 2, 2025, we provided initial operational funding to Yorkville America, LLC, (“Yorkville America”), through a services agreement and licensing agreement. Yorkville America, through its subsidiaries serves as the
Registered Investment Advisor for investment vehicles and financial products which focus on investments in American growth, manufacturing, energy companies, security and defense, and digital assets, as well as investments that strengthen the
Patriot Economy. Pursuant to the terms of the services agreement, we will provide a majority of the operational funding for Yorkville America, in exchange for a majority of their net profit. Additionally, through a licensing agreement, Yorkville
America may utilize Truth.Fi and certain Truth Social intellectual property to market their investment vehicles and financial products. Substantially all of the business activity of Yorkville America is conducted on behalf of TMTG. We determined
this represented a variable interest in Yorkville America. We do not maintain any equity ownership in Yorkville America.
We determined that TMTG has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact Yorkville America’s economic performance through our disproportionate economic rights and obligations, and
that substantially all of Yorkville America’s activities are conducted on behalf of TMTG. Through meeting the criterion of a controlling financial interest, we determined that TMTG is the primary beneficiary of Yorkville America. As the primary
beneficiary of Yorkville America, we consolidate in our financial statements the balance sheets, results of operations, and cash flows of Yorkville America, and all intercompany balances and transactions between us and Yorkville America are
eliminated in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Yorkville America did not have any material assets or liabilities upon initial consolidation. We report a non-controlling interest representing the economic interest held by other
parties in Yorkville America.
We have not provided any guarantees related to Yorkville America and no creditors of Yorkville America have recourse to the general credit of TMTG.
As of September 30, 2025, we held a variable interest in four VIEs for which we are not the primary beneficiary. Yorkville America sponsors certain investment products, including exchange-traded funds,
for which it earns a Sponsor Fee in exchange for providing management and advisory services. The Sponsor Fees represent the primary economic interest in the VIEs. Neither TMTG nor any of our consolidated entities hold equity investments or other
financial interest in the VIEs as of September 30, 2025. As a result, Yorkville America controls the power to direct the activities most significant to these VIEs performance, although the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits
from the VIE is held by the shareholders of the sponsored investment products. The Sponsor Fees do not represent a variable interest that could potentially be significant to the economic performance of the VIEs.
Our maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement with the unconsolidated VIEs is limited only to our loss of future Sponsor Fees and uncollected fee receivables in this VIE, which was $0 as
of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. We may be subject to additional losses to the extent of any financial support that we voluntarily provide in the future. The sponsored investment products of the unconsolidated VIEs did not have any
assets or liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
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Restricted cash
Restricted cash consists of cash equivalents held as collateral with the Collateral Agent to our Notes (Note 9) and as security on unexpired put options.
Investments
Investments in equity securities are classified by individual security as available-for-sale or trading securities. Our trading securities consist primarily of equity exchange traded funds that invest
in digital assets. We had trading securities of $584,865.1 at September 30, 2025 and $0.0 at December 31, 2024, that are carried on our balance sheet at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses associated with trading securities are reflected in the
condensed consolidated statement of operations. As of September 30, 2025, $455,000.0 of our trading securities served as collateral to convertible notes (Note 9).
We did not have any investments classified as available-for-sale as of September 30, 2025.
Options
From time to time, we may write covered put and call options on digital asset related securities, as part of our digital asset treasury strategy to generate premium income and purchase digital assets
and related securities at lower effective prices. These options are covered by cash collateral to cover potential purchases. In exchange for this commitment, we receive premiums immediately paid in cash. The difference between the premium and the
amount paid while affecting a closing purchase transaction, including brokerage commission, is also treated as a realized investment gain or loss. This premium acts as income, increasing our investment yield. If the option expires worthless, we
keep the full premium as profit with no obligation to purchase. If a put option is exercised, we buy the security at the strike price using the cash collateral, and the premium received reduces the effective cost basis, allowing us to acquire the
securities at a discount compared to direct market purchases. If a call option is exercised, we sell the security at the strike price using our existing holdings of the security, and the premium received reduces any loss or increases any gain we may
incur.
The writer of an option bears the market risk of an unfavorable change in the price of the security underlying the written option. The aggregate fair value of unexpired options written are included in
accounts payable and accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Cash held as collateral for written options is classified as restricted cash on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Securities held as collateral for
outstanding call options are presented within trading securities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2025, we had $309,000.0 of cash restricted covering our unexpired put options.
Digital Assets
Our digital assets as of September 30, 2025, consisted of our investments in bitcoin and Cronos. We retain ownership of and control over our digital assets and use third-party custodial services to secure it. The cost
basis of our digital assets is calculated using the weighted-average method.
Digital assets purchased are initially recorded at cost, including capitalizing transaction costs or fees, and subsequently, remeasured at fair value based on the exchange quoted price each reporting
period, with changes in fair value recognized on the condensed consolidated statement of operations.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For information regarding recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
| Item 3. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
|
Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk appear in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures
about Market Risk” in the Company’s Annual Report. There has been no significant change in our exposure to market risk during the quarter ended September 30, 2025, except as follows:
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We have used a significant portion of our cash and cash equivalents, including cash generated from capital raising transactions, to acquire bitcoin and bitcoin related assets. We account for our bitcoin as
indefinite-lived intangible assets. Although we initially recorded our bitcoin purchases at cost, any subsequent increases or decreases in fair value are recognized as incurred in the consolidated statements of operations, and the fair value of our
bitcoin is reflected within the consolidated balance sheets each reporting period-end. Bitcoin is a highly volatile asset that has traded below $66,000 per bitcoin and above $126,000 per bitcoin in our principal market in the 12 months preceding
the date of this Quarterly Report. A significant decrease in the price of bitcoin would have a material adverse effect on our earnings.
| Item 4. |
Controls and Procedures
|
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded,
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in
our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, TMTG’s Chief Executive Officer, and Chief Financial Officer (the “Certifying Officers”), to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Under the supervision and with the participation of TMTG’s management, including its Certifying Officers, TMTG carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its
disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on this evaluation as of September 30, 2025, the Certifying Officers concluded
that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of that date, due to the material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting, including our failure to design and maintain formal accounting policies, processes, and
controls to analyze, and account for complex transactions as well as a need for additional accounting personnel who have the requisite experience in SEC reporting regulation.
A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of an
entity’s financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. TMTG’s management determined that the material weakness primarily related to its failure to design and maintain formal accounting policies, processes, and controls to
analyze, account for and properly disclose income recordation as well as a need for additional accounting personnel who have the requisite experience in SEC reporting regulation. TMTG is committed to remediating the material weaknesses described
above and continuing remediation efforts during 2025. We have implemented several remediation measures including, but not limited to hiring additional accounting staff with the requisite background and knowledge, engaging third parties to assist in
complying with the accounting and financial reporting requirements related to significant and complex transactions as well as adding personnel to assist with formalizing our business processes, accounting policies and internal control documentation,
strengthening supervisory reviews by our management, and evaluating the effectiveness of our internal controls in accordance with the framework established by Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) published by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. While our efforts are ongoing, we plan to continue to take additional steps to remediate the material weaknesses, improve our financial reporting systems, and implement new policies, procedures, and controls;
however, we cannot guarantee those measures will prevent or detect material weaknesses in the future.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
| Item 1. |
Legal Proceedings.
|
See NOTE 17 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
| Item 1A. |
Risk Factors.
|
Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in this Quarterly Report are any of the risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2024, filed with the SEC on February 14, 2025 (the “Annual Report”). Any of these factors could result in a significant or material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Additional
risk factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business or results of operations. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our
Annual Report filed with the SEC, except as described below:
Risks Related to Our Digital Asset Treasury Strategy
Our bitcoin strategy exposes us to various risks, including risk associated with bitcoin
Our bitcoin strategy exposes us to various risks, including the following:
Bitcoin is a highly volatile asset. Bitcoin is a highly volatile asset that has traded below $66,000 per bitcoin and above $126,000 per bitcoin in the past 12
months. The trading price of bitcoin significantly decreased during prior periods, and such declines may occur again in the future.
Bitcoin does not inherently pay interest or dividends. Bitcoin does not inherently pay interest or other returns and we can only generate cash from our bitcoin
holdings if we sell our bitcoin or implement strategies to create income streams or otherwise generate cash by using our bitcoin holdings. Even if we pursue any such strategies, we may be unable to create income streams or otherwise generate cash
from our bitcoin holdings, and any such strategies may subject us to additional risks.
Our bitcoin holdings may significantly impact our financial results and the market price of our listed securities. Our bitcoin holdings are expected to impact
our financial results and the market price of our listed securities. See “Risks Related to Our Bitcoin Strategy and Holdings—Our historical financial statements do not reflect the potential variability in earnings that we may experience in the future
relating to our bitcoin holdings.”
Our assets will be concentrated in bitcoin. We expect that a large portion of our assets will be concentrated in our bitcoin holdings. The concentration of our
assets in bitcoin limits our ability to mitigate risk that could otherwise be achieved by holding a more diversified portfolio of treasury assets.
We will purchase bitcoin using primarily proceeds from equity and debt financings. Our ability to achieve the objectives of our bitcoin strategy depends in
significant part on our ability to obtain equity and debt financing. If we are unable to obtain equity or debt financing on favorable terms or at all, we may not be able to successfully execute on our bitcoin strategy.
Our bitcoin strategy has not been tested over an extended period of time or under different market conditions. We are continually examining the risks and rewards
of our strategy to acquire and hold bitcoin. This strategy has not been tested over an extended period of time or under different market conditions. For example, although we believe bitcoin, due to its limited supply, has the potential to serve as a
hedge against inflation in the long term, the short-term price of bitcoin declined in recent periods during which the inflation rate increased. If bitcoin prices were to decline or our bitcoin strategy otherwise proves unsuccessful, our financial
condition, results of operations, and the market price of our listed securities would be materially adversely impacted.
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We will be subject to counterparty risks, including in particular risks relating to our custodians. Although we expect to implement various measures that are
designed to mitigate our counterparty risks, such as storing substantially all of the bitcoin we own in custody accounts at U.S.-based, institutional-grade custodians and negotiating contractual arrangements intended to establish that our property
interest in custodially-held bitcoin is not subject to claims of our custodians’ creditors, applicable insolvency law is not fully developed with respect to the holding of digital assets in custodial accounts. If our custodially-held bitcoin were
nevertheless considered to be the property of our custodians’ estates in the event that any such custodians were to enter bankruptcy, receivership or similar insolvency proceedings, we could be treated as a general unsecured creditor of such
custodians, inhibiting our ability to exercise ownership rights with respect to such bitcoin, or delaying or hindering our access to our bitcoin holdings, and this may ultimately result in the loss of the value related to some or all of such bitcoin,
which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition as well as the market price of our listed securities.
The broader digital assets industry is subject to counterparty risks, which could adversely impact the adoption rate, price, and use of bitcoin. A series of
high-profile bankruptcies, closures, liquidations, regulatory enforcement actions and other events relating to companies operating in the digital asset industry in recent years have highlighted the counterparty risks applicable to owning and
transacting in digital assets. Although these bankruptcies, closures, liquidations and other events have not resulted in any loss or misappropriation of our bitcoin, nor have such events adversely impacted our access to our bitcoin, they have, in the
short-term, likely negatively impacted the adoption rate and use of bitcoin. Additional bankruptcies, closures, liquidations, regulatory enforcement actions or other events involving participants in the digital assets industry in the future may
further negatively impact the adoption rate, price, and use of bitcoin, limit the availability to us of financing collateralized by bitcoin, or create or expose additional counterparty risks.
Changes in the accounting treatment of our bitcoin holdings could have significant accounting impacts, including increasing the volatility of our results. ASU
2023-08 requires us to measure our bitcoin holdings at fair value in our statement of financial position, and to recognize gains and losses from changes in the fair value of our bitcoin in net income each reporting period. ASU 2023-08 requires us to
provide certain interim and annual disclosures with respect to our bitcoin holdings. Due in particular to the volatility in the price of bitcoin, the adoption of ASU 2023-08 could have a material impact on our financial results, increase the
volatility of our financial results, and affect the carrying value of our bitcoin on our balance sheet. As described in greater detail under the risk factor heading “Unrealized fair value gains on our bitcoin holdings could cause us to become subject
to the corporate alternative minimum tax under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022,” ASU 2023-08 could also have adverse tax consequences. These impacts could in turn have a material adverse effect on our financial results and the market price of our
listed securities.
The broader digital assets industry, including the technology associated with digital assets, the rate of adoption and development of, and use cases for, digital assets, market perception of digital
assets, and the legal, regulatory, and accounting treatment of digital assets are constantly developing and changing, and there may be additional risks in the future that are not possible to predict.
We may be subject to additional risks related to our holdings of Cronos.
Cronos is a volatile digital asset with a market structure and liquidity profile that can differ from digital assets with greater market capitalization, such as bitcoin. Significant price declines, changes in market-maker
participation, exchange outages, or delistings could impair our ability to liquidate Cronos on acceptable terms or at all, adversely affecting our liquidity, results of operations, and the market price of our securities.
Crono’s value and trading liquidity are closely associated with the reputation of and interest in the Cronos blockchain ecosystem and its sponsors and service providers, such as Crypto.com. Adverse
developments involving those parties—including business setbacks, policy changes, cybersecurity incidents, or regulator actions related to the Cronos network—could reduce demand for Cronos, restricting trading venues, or negatively affecting
perceptions of the token and the Cronos network.
Changes to the Cronos network—whether technical, economic, or governance-related—may occur without our input and could negatively affect the value, usability, or structure of Cronos. Additionally,
Cronos holdings face risks related to custody, security, and uncertain accounting or tax treatment, which could lead to financial loss or reporting challenges
Any of the foregoing risks, individually or in the aggregate, could materially and adversely affect the value of our Cronos holdings, our business, financial condition, and results of operations, and
the market price of our securities.
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Unrealized fair value gains on our bitcoin holdings could cause us to become subject to the corporate alternative minimum tax under the Inflation Reduction Act of
2022.
The U.S. enacted the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) in August 2022. Unless an exemption applies, the IRA imposes a 15% corporate alternative minimum tax (“CAMT”) on a corporation with respect
to an initial tax year and subsequent tax years, if the average annual adjusted financial statement income (“AFSI”) for any consecutive three-tax-year period preceding the initial tax year exceeds $1 billion.
On September 12, 2024, the Department of Treasury (the “Treasury”) and the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued proposed regulations with respect to the application of the CAMT (the ”2024 Proposed
Regulations”). On July 30, 2025, a White House working group established by President Trump in January 2025 published a report on strengthening American leadership in digital financial technology, which called for the Department of the Treasury and
the IRS to publish guidance addressing the determination of AFSI with respect to financial accounting for unrealized gains and losses on investment assets other than stock and partnership interests.
On September 30, 2025, the Treasury and the IRS issued interim guidance (the “Interim Guidance”) which, in relevant part, clarifies that a corporation may disregard unrealized gains and losses on its
digital asset holdings when computing AFSI for purposes of determining whether it is subject to the 15% CAMT under the IRA. The Treasury and IRS intend to issue revised proposed regulations similar to this Interim Guidance.
In connection with the implementation of our bitcoin strategy, we adopted ASU 2023-08, which requires us to measure our bitcoin holdings at fair value in our statement of financial position, with gains
and losses from changes in the fair value of our bitcoin recognized in net income each reporting period. When determining whether we are subject to CAMT and when calculating any related tax liability for an applicable tax year, the 2024 Proposed
Regulations provided that, among other adjustments, our AFSI must include this ratable amount in addition to any unrealized gains or losses reported in the applicable tax year.
We previously disclosed that as a result of the enactment of the IRA and our adoption of ASU 2023-08, unless the IRA was amended or the 2024 Proposed Regulations with respect to CAMT, when finalized,
were revised to provide relief (or other interim relief was granted), that we could become subject to the CAMT in future tax years. However, pursuant to the Interim Guidance, the Company now plans to exclude its unrealized gains and losses from the
calculation of its AFSI for purposes of determining whether it is subject to CAMT. As a result, the Company no longer expects to become subject to CAMT due to unrealized gains on its bitcoin holdings.
Whether we do become subject to the CAMT will depend on numerous factors outside of our control, including the publication of any additional interim or final guidance with respect to the CAMT or the
calculation of AFSI, as well as the magnitude of our unrealized gains or losses on our bitcoin holdings for the year ending December 31, 2025, which in turn will depend on our bitcoin holdings and the market value of bitcoin as of that date. If we
become subject to the CAMT, it could result in a material tax obligation that we would need to satisfy in cash, which could materially affect our financial results, including our earnings and cash flow, and our financial condition.
Bitcoin and Cronos are highly volatile assets, and fluctuations in the price of bitcoin and Cronos are likely to influence our financial results and the market
price of our listed securities.
Bitcoin and Cronos are highly volatile assets, and fluctuations in the price of bitcoin and Cronos are likely to influence our financial results and the market price of our listed securities. Our
financial results and the market price of our listed securities would be adversely affected, and our business and financial condition would be negatively impacted, if the price of bitcoin or Cronos decreased substantially (as it has in the past,
including during 2022), including as a result of:
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decreased user and investor confidence in bitcoin and Cronos, including due to the various factors described herein;
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investment and trading activities, such as (i) trading activities of highly active retail and institutional users, speculators, other companies executing a similar bitcoin strategy to ours, miners and
investors; (ii) actual or expected significant dispositions of digital assets by large holders, including the expected liquidation of digital assets seized by governments or associated with entities that have filed for bankruptcy protection,
such as the (a) transfers of bitcoin to creditors of the hacked cryptocurrency exchange Mt. Gox which began in July 2024, (b) transfers of bitcoin to claimants following proceedings related to a 2016 hack of Bitfinex, which claims are
currently being adjudicated, (c) sales of bitcoin by the German government following the seizure of about 50,000 bitcoin in January 2024 from the operator of Movie2k.to, or (d) potential sales of 69,370 bitcoin seized from the Silk Road
marketplace by the U.S. Department of Justice; and (iii) actual or perceived manipulation of the spot or derivative markets for bitcoin, Cronos or spot bitcoin exchange-traded products (“ETPs”);
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negative publicity, media or social media coverage, or sentiment due to events in or relating to, or perception of, bitcoin, Cronos or the broader digital assets industry, including, for example, (i) public
perception that bitcoin can be used as a vehicle to circumvent sanctions, including sanctions imposed on Russia or certain regions related to the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, or to fund criminal or terrorist activities, such
as the purported use of digital assets by Hamas to fund its terrorist attack against Israel in October 2023; (ii) expected or pending civil, criminal, regulatory enforcement or other high profile actions against major participants in the
bitcoin ecosystem; (iii) additional filings for bankruptcy protection or bankruptcy proceedings of major digital asset industry participants, such as the bankruptcy proceeding of FTX Trading and its affiliates; (iv) the actual or perceived
environmental impact of bitcoin and related activities, including environmental concerns raised by private individuals, governmental and non-governmental organizations, and other actors related to the energy resources consumed in the bitcoin
mining process; and (v) activities relating to other cryptocurrencies, including “meme coins”;
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changes in consumer preferences and the perceived value or prospects of bitcoin, Cronos and other digital assets;
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changes developments affecting other companies pursuing a bitcoin strategy similar to ours, such as the abandonment of the strategy by such other companies, the failure by such other companies to satisfy their
debt or other financial obligations, market concerns as to the viability or creditworthiness of such other companies, the loss or disposition of substantial digital assets by such other companies, regulatory or legal judgments or actions
against such other companies due to their adoption of a bitcoin strategy, or any other similar actions or negative outcomes impacting such other companies, whether due to any of the various risk factors described herein or for any other
reason;
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competition from other digital assets that exhibit better speed, security, scalability, or energy efficiency, that feature other more favored characteristics, that are backed by governments, including the U.S.
government, or reserves of fiat currencies, or that represent ownership or security interests in physical assets;
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a decrease in the price of other digital assets, including stablecoins, or the crash or unavailability of stablecoins that are used as a medium of exchange for digital asset purchase and sale transactions, such
as the crash of the stablecoin Terra USD in 2022, to the extent the decrease in the price of such other digital assets or the unavailability of such stablecoins may cause a decrease in the price of bitcoin or Cronos or adversely affect
investor confidence in digital assets generally;
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the identification of Satoshi Nakamoto, the pseudonymous person or persons who developed bitcoin, or the transfer of substantial amounts of bitcoin from bitcoin wallets attributed to Mr. Nakamoto;
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developments relating to the Bitcoin protocol, including (i) changes to the Bitcoin protocol that impact its security, speed, scalability, usability, or value, such as changes to the cryptographic security
protocol underpinning the Bitcoin blockchain, changes to the maximum number of bitcoin outstanding, changes to the mutability of transactions, changes relating to the size of blockchain blocks, changes to the amount of data that may be
embedded into the bitcoin blockchain, and similar changes, (ii) failures to make upgrades to the Bitcoin protocol to adapt to security, technological, legal or other challenges, and (iii) changes to the Bitcoin protocol that introduce
software bugs, security risks or other elements that adversely affect bitcoin;
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disruptions, failures, unavailability, or interruptions in services of trading venues for bitcoin or Cronos, such as, for example, the announcement by the digital asset exchange FTX Trading that it would freeze
withdrawals and transfers from its accounts and subsequent filing for bankruptcy protection and the SEC enforcement action brought against Binance Holdings Ltd. and others, which was subsequently dismissed on May 29, 2025, which initially
sought to freeze all assets on the Binance.US platform during the pendency of the enforcement action and resulted in Binance discontinuing all fiat deposits and withdrawals in the U.S.;
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the filing for bankruptcy protection by, liquidation of, or market concerns about the financial viability of digital asset custodians, trading venues, lending platforms, investment funds, or other digital asset
industry participants, such as the filing for bankruptcy protection by digital asset trading venues FTX Trading and BlockFi and digital asset lending platforms Celsius Network and Voyager Digital Holdings in 2022, the ordered liquidation of
the digital asset investment fund Three Arrows Capital in 2022, the announced liquidation of Silvergate Bank in 2023, the government-mandated closure and sale of Signature Bank in 2023, the placement of Prime Trust, LLC into receivership
following a cease-and-desist order issued by the Nevada Department of Business and Industry in 2023, and the exit of Binance from the U.S. market as part of its settlement with the Department of Justice and other federal regulatory agencies;
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regulatory, legislative, enforcement and judicial actions that adversely affect the price, ownership, transferability, trading volumes, legality or public perception of bitcoin, Cronos or other digital assets,
or that adversely affect the operations of or otherwise prevent digital asset custodians, trading venues, lending platforms or other digital assets industry participants from operating in a manner that allows them to continue to deliver
services to the digital assets industry;
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further reductions in mining rewards of bitcoin, including due to block reward halving events, which are programmed events that occur approximately every four years (the most recent of which occurred in April
2024) that reduce the block reward earned by “miners” who validate bitcoin transactions, or increases in the costs associated with bitcoin mining, including increases in electricity costs and hardware and software used in mining, or new or
enhanced regulation or taxation of bitcoin mining, which could further increase the costs associated with bitcoin mining, any of which may cause a decline in support for the Bitcoin network;
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transaction congestion and fees associated with processing transactions on the Bitcoin network;
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macroeconomic changes, such as changes in the level of interest rates and inflation, fiscal and monetary policies of governments, trade restrictions, and fiat currency devaluations;
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developments in mathematics or technology, including in digital computing, algebraic geometry and quantum computing, that could result in the cryptography used by the Bitcoin blockchain becoming insecure or
ineffective; and
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changes in national and international economic and political conditions, including, without limitation, federal government policies, trade tariffs and trade disputes, and the adverse impacts attributable to
global conflicts, including those between Russia and Ukraine and in the Middle East.
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Our operating results will be dependent on the price of digital assets. If such price declines, our business, operating results, and financial condition would be
adversely affected.
Any declines in the volume of digital asset transactions, the price of digital assets, or market liquidity for digital assets generally may adversely affect our operating results. As part of our bitcoin and digital asset
strategy, we have significant investments in bitcoin and bitcoin-related assets. In addition, we currently hold a position in Cronos, a digital asset that is less widely adopted and actively traded than bitcoin, but still exposes us to comparable
market risks. Our operating results are impacted by the revenues and profits we generate from the purchase, sale, and trading of bitcoin, Cronos and financial contracts linked to these and other digital assets. The price of digital assets and
associated demand for buying, selling, and trading of digital assets have historically been subject to significant volatility. For instance, in 2017 and 2021, the value of certain digital assets, including bitcoin, experienced steep increases in
value, followed by steep declines in 2018 and 2022. After recovering from the 2018 decline and reaching record highs in December 2021, the value of the total crypto market cap declined by approximately 64% in the twelve months ended December 31,
2022. The collapse of several companies in the digital asset industry such as Celsius, Voyager and FTX impacted digital assets prices in 2022 and the majority of 2023. Crypto market capitalization increased again in 2024 following the approval and
launch of spot-based bitcoin ETFs in the U.S. in the first quarter of 2024 and the election of President Donald Trump in the fourth quarter of 2024. While the crypto market experienced a general declined in the first quarter of 2025, it rebounded
in the second quarter and sustained that momentum through the third quarter. The price and trading volume of any digital asset, including bitcoin and Cronos, is subject to significant uncertainty and volatility, and may significantly decline in the
future, without recovery. Such uncertainty and volatility depend on a number of factors, including:
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market conditions across the cryptoeconomy;
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changes in liquidity, volume, and trading activities;
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trading activities on digital asset trading platforms worldwide, many of which may be unregulated, and may include manipulative activities;
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investment and trading activities of highly active retail and institutional users, speculators, miners, and investors;
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the speed and rate at which cryptocurrency is able to gain adoption as a medium of exchange, utility, store of value, consumptive asset, security instrument, or other financial assets worldwide, if at all;
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decreased user and investor confidence in digital assets and digital asset trading platforms;
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negative publicity and events relating to the cryptoeconomy;
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unpredictable social media coverage or “trending” of digital assets;
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the ability for digital assets to meet user and investor demands;
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the functionality and utility of digital assets and their associated ecosystems and networks, including digital assets designed for use in various applications;
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consumer preferences and perceived value of digital assets and digital asset markets;
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increased competition from other payment services or other digital assets that exhibit better speed, security, scalability, or other characteristics;
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regulatory (including enforcement) or legislative changes and updates affecting the cryptoeconomy;
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the characterization of digital assets under the laws of various jurisdictions around the world;
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the maintenance, troubleshooting, and development of the blockchain networks underlying digital assets, including by miners, validators, and developers worldwide;
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the ability for cryptocurrency networks to attract and retain miners or validators to secure and confirm transactions accurately and efficiently;
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ongoing technological viability and security of digital assets and their associated smart contracts, applications and networks, including vulnerabilities against hacks and scalability;
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fees and speed associated with processing digital asset transactions, including on the underlying blockchain networks and on digital asset trading platforms;
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financial strength of market participants;
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the availability and cost of funding and capital;
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the liquidity of digital asset trading platforms;
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interruptions in service from or failures of major digital asset trading platforms;
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availability of an active derivatives market for various digital assets;
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availability of banking and payment services to support cryptocurrency-related projects;
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level of interest rates and inflation;
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monetary policies of governments, trade restrictions, and fiat currency devaluations; and
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national and international economic and political conditions.
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There is no assurance that any digital asset will maintain its value or that there will be meaningful levels of trading activities. For example, in 2022 we witnessed dampened demand for trading digital
assets in the wake of industry turmoil, impacting our operating results. In the event that the price of digital assets or the demand for trading digital assets decline, including bitcoin, Cronos, or others, our business, operating results, and
financial condition could be adversely affected.
Our operating results are dependent on the prices of digital assets and volume of digital asset transactions, which have historically been volatile and are subject
to social media and publicity risks.
Activities in bitcoin and other digital assets also receive a high degree of public scrutiny, both from traditional media sources and through social media and other forums. Unfavorable publicity
regarding bitcoin has adversely affected the price of bitcoin, as has unfavorable publicity involving other digital assets or digital asset-focused firms. Bitcoin has in the past, and may in the future, be the target of media criticism, including
regarding the market value, utility and environmental effects of bitcoin. Such unfavorable media coverage could continue to materially impact decisions to buy, hold, or trade bitcoin and other digital assets and, as a result, impact the price of such
digital assets.
In addition, social media posts and other statements and actions by prominent individuals, including Elon Musk and Michael Saylor, have resulted in outsized movements in the market price of bitcoin and
other cryptocurrencies. It is possible that future statements by Mr. Musk, Mr. Saylor and other individuals concerning bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies will have disproportionate impacts on the market price of bitcoin and other digital assets.
Bitcoin, Cronos and other digital assets are novel assets, and are subject to significant legal, commercial, regulatory and technical uncertainty.
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Bitcoin, Cronos and other digital assets are novel assets and are subject to significant uncertainty, which could adversely impact their price. The application of state and federal securities laws and
other laws and regulations to digital assets is unclear in certain respects, and regulators in the United States or foreign countries may interpret or apply existing laws and regulations in a manner that adversely affects the price of bitcoin and
other digital assets or the ability of individuals or institutions such as us to own or transfer bitcoin or other digital assets.
Governments and regulators in the United States and abroad may enact new laws and regulations, or enforce or interpret existing laws or regulations, in a manner that could impose material additional
regulatory burdens and costs for us or other digital asset industry participants, which could materially impact the price of bitcoin and other digital assets or the ability of individuals or institutions such as us to own or transfer bitcoin or other
digital assets. For example, within the past several years:
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in September 2025, the staff of the SEC’s Division of Investment Management issued a no-action letter stating that it would not recommend enforcement action to the SEC against registered advisers or regulated
funds for maintaining crypto assets and related cash and cash equivalents with certain state-chartered financial institutions;
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in September 2025, the SEC’s Division of Trading and Markets and the CFTC’s Division of Market Oversight and Division of Clearing and Risk announced a cross-agency initiative in furtherance of the SEC’s
“Project Crypto” and the CFTC’s “Crypto Sprint” to coordinate efforts regarding the process for enabling the trading of certain spot crypto asset products;
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in September 2025, Nasdaq reportedly announced new informal interpretations of its rules requiring some Nasdaq-listed companies to obtain shareholder approval before engaging in certain transactions, such as private placements for the
purpose of acquiring digital assets or accepting in-kind contributions of digital assets in exchange for equity;
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in July 2025, the SEC announced “Project Crypto,” a commission-wide initiative with a stated goal of modernizing the securities rules and regulations to enable America’s financial markets to move on-chain;
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in July 2025, President Trump signed into law the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Stablecoins Act (“GENIUS Act”) , establishing a legislative framework for the regulation of payment
stablecoins and marking the first federal legislation for the regulation of digital assets in the U.S.;
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in July 2025, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025 (“CLARITY Act”) , a comprehensive digital asset market structure and regulation bill. The CLARITY Act, and
other digital asset market structure and regulation bills, remain under consideration and continue to evolve in the U.S. Senate;
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in January 2025, President Trump signed an executive order instructing a working group comprised of representatives from key federal agencies to evaluate measures that can be taken to provide regulatory clarity
and certainty built on technology-neutral regulations for individuals and firms involved in digital assets, including through well-defined jurisdictional regulatory boundaries, on July 30, 2025, such working group published a report on
strengthening American leadership in digital financial technology, which recommended several regulatory and legislative proposals to advance President Trump’s January 2025 executive order;
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in January 2025, the SEC announced the formation of a “Crypto Task Force”, which was created to provide clarity on the application of the federal securities laws to the crypto asset market and to recommend
policy measures with respect to digital asset security status, registration and listing of digital asset-based investment vehicles, and digital asset custody, lending and staking;
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in June 2023, the SEC filed complaints against Binance Holdings Ltd. and Coinbase, Inc., and their respective affiliated entities, relating to, among other claims, that each party was operating as an
unregistered securities exchange, broker, dealer, and clearing agency;
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in November 2023, the SEC filed a complaint against Payward Inc. and Payward Ventures Inc., together known as Kraken, alleging, among other claims, that Kraken’s crypto trading platform was operating as an
unregistered securities exchange, broker, dealer, and clearing agency;
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the European Union adopted Markets in Crypto Assets Regulation (“MiCA”), a comprehensive digital asset regulatory framework for the issuance and use of digital assets, like bitcoin;
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in June 2023, the United Kingdom adopted and implemented the Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 (“FSMA 2023”), which regulates market activities in “cryptoassets,”
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in November 2023, Binance Holdings Ltd. and its then chief executive officer reached a settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), the U.S. Department
of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Asset Control, and the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network to resolve a multi-year investigation by the agencies and a civil suit brought by the CFTC, pursuant to which Binance Holdings Ltd. agreed to, among
other things, pay $4.3 billion in penalties across the four agencies and to discontinue its operations in the United States; and
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in China, the People’s Bank of China and the National Development and Reform Commission have outlawed cryptocurrency mining and declared all cryptocurrency transactions illegal within the country.
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Although complaints against Coinbase, Inc., Payward Inc., Payward Ventures Inc. and Binance Holdings Ltd. were dismissed, the SEC, CFTC, foreign governments, states, or other regulatory agencies may
initiate similar actions in the future, which could materially impact the price of bitcoin and our ability to own or transfer bitcoin.
It is not possible to predict whether or when new laws and regulations change the legal framework governing digital assets or expand the authority of the SEC, the CFTC or other regulators, or whether or
when any other federal, state or foreign legislative or regulatory bodies will take any similar actions. For example, the proposed CLARITY Act discussed above could, if it became law, grant the CFTC additional regulatory and supervisory powers with
respect to spot digital assets, including bitcoin, as “digital commodities” and potentially impose additional registration, disclosure, reporting, and business conduct requirements.
In addition, we cannot predict the nature or market effects of any future laws or expansion of oversight, including the impacts to the functioning of digital asset markets, the willingness of financial
and other institutions to provide services to the digital assets industry, or the value of digital assets generally and bitcoin and Cronos specifically. The consequences of any new legal requirements relating to digital assets could adversely affect
the market price of digital assets and our ability to hold or transact in digital assets, and in turn adversely affect the market price of our listed securities. Furthermore, as more companies adopt strategies with respect to bitcoin or other digital
assets similar to ours, governments and regulatory agencies may be prompted to enact new laws, regulations, or interpretations which may impact our bitcoin and digital asset strategy.
Moreover, the risks of engaging in a bitcoin strategy are relatively novel and have created, and could continue to create, complications due to the lack of experience that third parties have with
companies engaging in such a strategy, such as increased costs of director and officer liability insurance or the potential inability to obtain such coverage on acceptable terms in the future.
Growth of the digital assets industry in general, and the use and acceptance of bitcoin in particular, is highly uncertain and may also impact the price of bitcoin and other digital assets. The pace of
growth in the adoption and use of bitcoin may depend, for instance, on public familiarity with digital assets, ease of buying, accessing or gaining exposure to bitcoin, institutional demand for bitcoin as an investment asset, participation by
traditional financial institutions in the digital assets industry, consumer demand for bitcoin as a store of value or means of payment, and the availability and popularity of alternatives to bitcoin. Even if growth in bitcoin adoption occurs in the
near or medium-term, there is no assurance that bitcoin usage will continue to grow over the long-term.
The liquidity and public perception of bitcoin and other digital assets may also suffer if financial institutions deny or limit banking services to businesses that hold bitcoin, provide bitcoin-related
services or accept bitcoin as payment, which could also decrease the price of bitcoin. Actions by U.S. banking regulators, such as the issuance in February 2023 by Federal banking agencies of the “Interagency Liquidity Risk Statement,” which
cautioned banks on contagion risks posed by providing services to digital assets customers, and similar actions, have in the past reduced access to banking services for bitcoin-related customers and service providers, or the willingness of
traditional financial institutions to participate in markets for digital assets. The liquidity of bitcoin may also be impacted to the extent that changes in applicable laws and regulatory requirements negatively impact the ability of exchanges and
trading venues to provide services for bitcoin and other digital assets.
Bitcoin has no physical existence beyond the record of transactions on the Bitcoin blockchain. As a result, factors such as malicious attacks by miners, inadequate mining fees to incentivize validation
of bitcoin transactions, hard “forks” of the Bitcoin blockchain into multiple blockchains, and advances in digital computing, algebraic geometry, and quantum computing could undercut the integrity of the Bitcoin blockchain and negatively affect the
price of bitcoin. Other digital assets, such as Cronos, may be impacted by similar factors.
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Our historical financial statements prior to September 30, 2025 do not reflect the potential variability in earnings that we have experienced to date and may
experience in the future relating to our bitcoin and other digital asset holdings.
Because we have only recently enacted our bitcoin strategy, our historical financial statements prior to September 30, 2025 do not fully reflect the potential variability in earnings that we have
experienced to date and may experience in the future from holding or selling significant amounts of bitcoin or other digital assets. The price of bitcoin and other digital assets such as Cronos, has historically been subject to dramatic price
fluctuations and is highly volatile. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-08, which we have adopted.
ASU 2023-08 requires us to measure our digital asset holdings at fair value in our statement of financial position, and to recognize gains and losses from changes in the fair value of our digital assets
in net income each reporting period. ASU 2023-08 also requires us to provide certain interim and annual disclosures with respect to our digital asset holdings. As a result, volatility in our earnings may be significantly more than what we experienced
in periods prior to holding digital assets. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we incurred an unrealized gain on digital assets of $16,204.6. Additionally, any unrealized gain on digital assets reflected in our financial results
for a given quarter does not reflect cash actually earned by us during that quarter, and a significant increase in our assets included on our balance sheet is not associated with an actual increase in our liquidity.
The recent increase in the availability of alternative ways to gain exposure to bitcoin and other digital assets may adversely affect the market price of our
listed securities.
Although bitcoin and other digital assets have experienced a surge of investor attention since bitcoin was invented in 2008, until recently investors in the United States had limited means to gain
exposure to bitcoin through traditional investment channels, and instead generally were only able to hold bitcoin through digital wallets. Given the relative novelty of digital assets, general lack of familiarity with the processes needed to hold
bitcoin directly, as well as the potential reluctance of financial planners and advisers to recommend direct bitcoin holdings to their retail customers because of the manner in which such holdings are custodied, some investors have sought exposure to
bitcoin through investment vehicles that hold bitcoin and issue shares representing fractional undivided interests in their underlying bitcoin holdings. These vehicles, which were previously offered only to “accredited investors” on a private
placement basis, have in the past traded at substantial premiums to net asset value, possibly due to the relative scarcity of traditional investment vehicles providing investment exposure to bitcoin.
On January 10, 2024, the SEC approved the listing and trading of spot bitcoin ETPs, the shares of which can be sold in public offerings and are traded on U.S. national securities exchanges. The approved
ETPs commenced trading directly to the public on January 11, 2024, with a trading volume of $4.6 billion on the first trading day. To the extent investors view our common stock as providing exposure to bitcoin, it is possible that the value of our
common stock may be influenced by the trading activity and performance of these spot bitcoin ETPs.
Although we are an operating company, and we believe we offer a different value proposition than a bitcoin investment vehicle such as a spot bitcoin ETP, investors may nevertheless view our common stock
as an alternative to an investment in an ETP, and choose to purchase shares of a spot bitcoin ETP instead of our common stock. They may do so for a variety of reasons, including if they believe that ETPs offer a “pure play” exposure to bitcoin that
is generally not subject to federal income tax at the entity level as we are, or the other risk factors applicable to an operating business, such as ours. Additionally, unlike spot bitcoin ETPs, we (i) do not seek for our shares of common stock to
track the value of the underlying bitcoin we hold before payment of expenses and liabilities, (ii) do not benefit from various exemptions and relief under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“the Exchange Act”), including Regulation M,
and other securities laws, which enable ETPs to continuously align the value of their shares to the price of the underlying assets they hold through share creation and redemption, (iii) are a Florida corporation rather than a statutory trust, and do
not operate pursuant to a trust agreement that would require us to pursue one or more stated investment objectives, and (iv) are not required to provide daily transparency as to our bitcoin holdings or our daily net asset value. Furthermore,
recommendations by broker-dealers to buy, hold, or sell complex products and non-traditional ETPs, or an investment strategy involving such products, may be subject to additional or heightened scrutiny that would not be applicable to broker-dealers
making recommendations with respect to our listed securities. Additionally, other companies have recently adopted bitcoin and digital asset strategies similar to ours, providing investors with further potential alternative means of gaining exposure
to bitcoin and other digital assets.
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Fund sponsors also offer bitcoin futures exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) and leveraged bitcoin futures ETFs, which offer different types of economic exposure to bitcoin. Based on how we are viewed in the
market relative to ETPs, other, companies that have adopted a strategy similar to ours of acquiring digital assets, and similar vehicles, any premium or discount in our common stock relative to the value of our bitcoin holdings may increase or
decrease differently than that of such other vehicles in response to changes in market conditions.
Other companies have also recently adopted treasury strategies with exposure to digital assets other than bitcoin. Additionally, the SEC has approved rule changes permitting the listing and trading of
spot ETPs that invest in ether, the main crypto asset supporting the Ethereum blockchain, and has published for comment and review exchange rule change notices with respect to spot ETPs for other digital assets. The current and potential future
availability of investment options with respect to other digital assets could result in a decline in the price of bitcoin, which could in turn cause a decline in the price of our common stock and such decline could be disproportionate to the decline
in value of our digital assets.
Any of the foregoing factors, including the availability of spot ETPs and futures-based ETFs for bitcoin, and other digital assets, the availability and potential future availability of spot ETPs for
Ethereum and other digital assets, and the adoption by other companies of strategies similar to ours with respect to bitcoin and other digital assets could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our listed securities.
Our bitcoin and digital asset strategy subjects us to enhanced regulatory oversight.
As noted above, several spot bitcoin ETPs have received approval from the SEC to list their shares on a U.S. national securities exchange with continuous share creation and redemption at net asset
value. Even though we are not, and do not function in the manner of, a spot bitcoin ETP, it is possible that we nevertheless could face regulatory scrutiny from the SEC or other federal or state agencies due to our bitcoin holdings.
In addition, there has been increasing focus on the extent to which digital assets can be used to launder the proceeds of illegal activities, fund criminal or terrorist activities, or circumvent
sanctions regimes, including those sanctions imposed in response to the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine. While we have implemented and maintain policies and procedures reasonably designed to promote compliance with applicable anti-money
laundering and sanctions laws and regulations and take care to only acquire our bitcoin through entities subject to anti-money laundering regulation and related compliance rules in the United States, if we are found to have purchased any of our
bitcoin from bad actors that have used bitcoin to launder money or persons subject to sanctions, we may be subject to regulatory proceedings and any further transactions or dealings in bitcoin by us may be restricted or prohibited.
A portion of our bitcoin holdings serves as collateral securing our outstanding indebtedness pursuant to the Convertible Notes, and we may incur additional indebtedness or enter into other financial
instruments in the future that may be collateralized by our bitcoin holdings. We may also consider pursuing strategies to create income streams or otherwise generate funds using our bitcoin or other digital asset holdings. These types of digital
asset-related transactions are the subject of enhanced regulatory oversight. These and any other digital asset-related transactions we may enter into, beyond simply acquiring and holding digital assets, may subject us to additional regulatory
compliance requirements and scrutiny, including under federal and state money services regulations, money transmitter licensing requirements and various commodity and securities laws and regulations.
Additional laws, guidance and policies may be issued by domestic and foreign regulators, including for example, in response to the failure of a major participant in the digital assets industry, such as
the filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection by FTX in November 2022. Increased enforcement activity and changes in the regulatory environment, including changing interpretations and the implementation of new or varying regulatory requirements by
the government or any new legislation affecting bitcoin, as well as enforcement actions involving or impacting our trading venues, counterparties and custodians, may impose significant costs or significantly limit our ability to hold and transact in
bitcoin and other digital assets.
In addition, private actors that are wary of bitcoin and other digital assets or the regulatory concerns associated with bitcoin and other digital assets have in the past taken and may in the future
take further actions that may have an adverse effect on our business or the market price of our listed securities. For example, it is possible that a financial institution could restrict customers from buying shares of our common stock if it were to
determine that our common stock’s value is closely tied to the performance of bitcoin, signaling a reluctance to facilitate exposure to virtual currencies.
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Due to the unregulated nature and lack of transparency surrounding the operations of many bitcoin trading venues, bitcoin trading venues may experience greater
fraud, security failures or regulatory or operational problems than trading venues for more established asset classes, which may result in a loss of confidence in bitcoin trading venues and adversely affect the value of our bitcoin.
Bitcoin trading venues are relatively new (as compared to traditional stock exchanges) and, in many cases, unregulated. Furthermore, there are many bitcoin trading venues which do not provide the public
with significant information regarding their ownership structure, management teams, corporate practices and regulatory compliance. As a result, the marketplace may lose confidence in bitcoin trading venues, including prominent exchanges that handle a
significant volume of bitcoin trading and/or are subject to regulatory oversight, in the event one or more bitcoin trading venues cease or pause for a prolonged period the trading of bitcoin or other digital assets, or experience fraud, significant
volumes of withdrawal, security failures or operational problems.
In 2019 there were reports claiming that 80-95% of bitcoin trading volume on trading venues was false or non-economic in nature, with specific focus on unregulated exchanges located outside of the
United States. The SEC also alleged as part of its June 5, 2023, complaint against Binance Holdings Ltd. that Binance committed strategic and targeted “wash trading” through its affiliates to artificially inflate the volume of certain digital assets
traded on its exchange. The SEC has also brought recent actions against individuals and digital asset market participants alleging that such persons artificially increased trading volumes in certain digital assets through wash trades, or repeated
buying and selling of the same assets in fictitious transactions to manipulate their underlying trading price. Such reports and allegations may indicate that the bitcoin market is significantly smaller than expected and that the United States makes
up a significantly larger percentage of the bitcoin market than is commonly understood. Any actual or perceived wash trading in the bitcoin market, and any other fraudulent or manipulative acts and practices, could adversely affect the value of our
bitcoin.
Negative perception, a lack of stability in the broader bitcoin markets and the closure, temporary shutdown or operational disruption of bitcoin trading venues, lending institutions, institutional
investors, institutional miners, custodians, or other major participants in the bitcoin ecosystem, due to fraud, business failure, cybersecurity events, government-mandated regulation, bankruptcy, or for any other reason, may result in a decline in
confidence in bitcoin and the broader bitcoin ecosystem and greater volatility in the price of bitcoin. For example, in 2022, each of Celsius Network, Voyager Digital, Three Arrows Capital, FTX, and BlockFi filed for bankruptcy, following which the
market prices of bitcoin and other digital assets significantly declined. In addition, in June 2023, the SEC announced enforcement actions against Coinbase, Inc., and Binance Holdings Ltd., two providers of large trading venues for digital assets,
which similarly was followed by a decrease in the market price of bitcoin and other digital assets. These were followed in November 2023, by an SEC enforcement action against Payward Inc. and Payward Ventures Inc., together known as Kraken, another
large trading venue for digital assets. Although these complaints were ultimately dismissed, the SEC or other regulatory agencies may initiate similar actions in the future. As the price of our listed securities is affected by the value of our
bitcoin holdings, the failure of a major participant in the bitcoin ecosystem could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our listed securities.
The concentration of our bitcoin and digital asset holdings could enhance the risks inherent in our bitcoin and digital asset strategy.
Our holdings are concentrated in bitcoin and Cronos, which limits the risk mitigation that we could achieve if we were to purchase a more diversified portfolio of treasury assets, and the absence of
diversification enhances the risks inherent in our bitcoin and digital asset strategy. Any future significant declines in the price of bitcoin or Cronos would have, a more pronounced impact on our financial condition than if we used our cash to
purchase a more diverse portfolio of assets.
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The emergence or growth of other digital assets, including those with significant private or public sector backing, could have a negative impact on the price of
bitcoin and adversely affect our business.
As a result of our bitcoin and digital asset strategy, our assets are concentrated in our bitcoin and Cronos holdings. Accordingly, the emergence or growth of digital assets other than bitcoin and
Cronos may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. As of the date of this prospectus, bitcoin is the largest digital asset by market capitalization. However, there are numerous alternative digital assets and many entities,
including consortiums and financial institutions, are researching and investing resources into private or permissioned blockchain platforms or digital assets that do not use proof-of-work mining like the Bitcoin network. For example, in late 2022,
the Ethereum network transitioned to a “proof-of-stake” mechanism for validating transactions that requires significantly less computing power than proof-of-work mining. The Ethereum network has completed another major upgrade since then and may
undertake additional upgrades in the future. If the mechanisms for validating transactions in Ethereum and other alternative digital assets are perceived as superior to proof-of-work mining, those digital assets could gain market share relative to
bitcoin.
Other alternative digital assets that compete with bitcoin in certain ways include “stablecoins,” which are designed to maintain a constant price because of, for instance, their issuers’ promise to hold
high-quality liquid assets (such as U.S. dollar deposits and short-term U.S. treasury securities) equal to the total value of stablecoins in circulation. Stablecoins have grown rapidly as an alternative to bitcoin and other digital assets as a medium
of exchange and store of value, particularly on digital asset trading platforms. As of September 30, 2025, two of the seven largest digital assets by market capitalization were U.S. dollar-pegged stablecoins.
Additionally, central banks in some countries have started to introduce digital forms of legal tender. For example, China’s central bank digital currency (“CBDC”) project was made available to consumers
in January 2022, and governments including Japan, the United Kingdom and the European Union have been discussing the potential creation of new CBDCs. Further, some countries, such as Sweden, Norway and Israel, are exploring cross-border
interoperability of retail CBDCs. Whether or not they incorporate blockchain or similar technology, CBDCs, as legal tender in the issuing jurisdiction, could also compete with, or replace, bitcoin and other digital assets as a medium of exchange or
store of value. As a result, the emergence or growth of these or other digital assets could cause the market price of bitcoin and Cronos to decrease, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, and
operating results.
Our bitcoin and Cronos holdings will be less liquid than our existing cash and cash equivalents and may not be able to serve as a source of liquidity for us to the
same extent as cash and cash equivalents.
Historically, the markets for bitcoin and Cronos have been characterized by significant volatility in prices, limited liquidity and trading volumes compared to sovereign currency markets, relative
anonymity, a developing and evolving regulatory landscape, potential susceptibility to market abuse and manipulation, compliance and internal control failures at exchanges, and various other risks inherent in their entirely electronic, virtual forms
and decentralized networks. During times of market instability, we may not be able to sell our bitcoin or Cronos at favorable prices or at all. For example, a number of digital asset trading venues temporarily halted deposits and withdrawals in 2022.
As a result, our bitcoin and Cronos holdings may not be able to serve as a source of liquidity for us to the same extent as cash and cash equivalents.
Further, the bitcoin and Cronos that we hold with our custodians and transact with our trade execution partners do not enjoy the same protections as are available to cash or securities deposited with or
transacted by institutions subject to regulation by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Securities Investor Protection Corporation.
Additionally, we may be unable to enter into loans or other capital raising transactions collateralized by our unencumbered bitcoin or Cronos holdings, or otherwise generate funds using our digital
asset holdings, including in particular during times of market instability or when the prices of bitcoin or Cronos have declined significantly. If we are unable to sell our bitcoin or Cronos, enter into additional capital raising transactions,
including capital raising transactions using digital assets as collateral, or otherwise generate funds using our bitcoin or Cronos holdings, or if we are forced to sell our digital assets at a significant loss, in order to meet our financial
obligation and liquidity needs, our business and financial condition could be negatively impacted.
If we or our third-party service providers experience a security breach or cyberattack and unauthorized parties obtain access to our bitcoin or Cronos, or if our
private keys are lost or destroyed, or other similar circumstances or events occur, we may lose some or all of our digital assets and our financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
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Substantially all of the bitcoin and Cronos we own will be held in custody accounts at institutional-grade digital asset custodians. Security breaches and cyberattacks are of particular concern with
respect to our digital assets. Digital assets such as bitcoin and Cronos, and the entities that provide services to participants in the broader blockchain ecosystem have been, and may in the future be, subject to security breaches, cyberattacks, or
other malicious activities. For example, in October 2021 it was reported that hackers exploited a flaw in the account recovery process and stole from the accounts of at least 6,000 customers of the Coinbase exchange, although the flaw was
subsequently fixed and Coinbase reimbursed affected customers. In 2025, Coinbase reported that criminals bribed certain of its non-U.S. employees to steal customer data to use in social engineering attacks. Similarly, in November 2022, hackers
exploited weaknesses in the security architecture of the FTX Trading digital asset exchange and reportedly stole over $400 million in digital assets from customers. A successful security breach or cyberattack could result in:
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a partial or total loss of our digital assets in a manner that may not be covered by insurance or the liability provisions of the custody agreements with the custodians who hold our digital assets;
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harm to our reputation and brand;
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improper disclosure of data and violations of applicable data privacy and other laws; or
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significant regulatory scrutiny, investigations, fines, penalties, and other legal, regulatory, contractual and financial exposure.
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Further, any actual or perceived data security breach or cybersecurity attack directed at other companies with digital assets or companies that operate digital asset networks, regardless of whether we
are directly impacted, could lead to a general loss of confidence in the broader digital asset blockchain ecosystem, including bitcoin and Cronos networks to conduct financial transactions, which could negatively impact us.
Attacks upon systems across a variety of industries, including industries related to digital assets, are increasing in frequency, persistence, and sophistication, and, in many cases, are being conducted
by sophisticated, well-funded and organized groups and individuals, including state actors. Emerging risks, such as AI-driven cyberattacks and the potential for quantum computing to undermine current cryptographic protections, may also increase our
long-term exposure. The development of AI and quantum computing technologies could introduce new vulnerabilities in our systems, potentially rendering traditional cryptographic techniques less effective and exposing us to more sophisticated forms of
cyberattacks. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized, improper or illegal access to systems and information (including personal data and digital assets), disable or degrade services, or sabotage systems are constantly evolving, may be difficult
to detect quickly, and often are not recognized or detected until after they have been launched against a target. Novel methods, such as those utilizing AI or quantum computing, may be even more difficult to detect and defend against. These attacks
may occur on our systems or those of our third-party service providers or partners. We may experience breaches of our security measures due to human error, malfeasance, insider threats, system errors or vulnerabilities or other irregularities. In
particular, unauthorized parties have attempted, and we expect that they will continue to attempt, to gain access to our systems and facilities, as well as those of our partners and third-party service providers, through various means, such as
hacking, social engineering, phishing and fraud. In the past, hackers have successfully employed a social engineering attack against one of our service providers and misappropriated our digital assets, although, to date, such events have not been
material to our financial condition or operating results. Threats can come from a variety of sources, including criminal hackers, hacktivists, state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage, and insiders. In addition, certain types of attacks could
harm us even if our systems are left undisturbed. For example, certain threats are designed to remain dormant or undetectable, sometimes for extended periods of time, or until launched against a target and we may not be able to implement adequate
preventative measures. Further, there has been an increase in such activities due to the increase in work-from-home arrangements since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The risk of cyberattacks could also be increased by cyberwarfare in connection
with geopolitical conflicts, such as the ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict, including potential proliferation of malware into systems unrelated to such conflicts. Any future breach of our operations or those of others in the digital asset industry,
including third-party services on which we rely, could materially and adversely affect our business.
We face risks relating to the custody of our digital assets, including the loss or destruction of private keys required to access our digital assets and
cyberattacks or other data loss relating to our digital assets.
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We will hold our digital assets with regulated custodians that have duties to safeguard our private keys. Although our custodial services contracts will not restrict our ability to reallocate our
digital assets among our custodians, and our digital asset holdings may be concentrated with a single custodian from time to time, which may enhance our risk of losses. In light of the significant amount of digital assets we will hold, we will
continually seek to engage additional custodians to achieve a greater degree of diversification in the custody of our digital assets as the extent of potential risk of loss is dependent, in part, on the degree of diversification. If there is a
decrease in the availability of digital asset custodians that we believe can safely custody our digital assets, for example, due to regulatory developments or enforcement actions that cause custodians to discontinue or limit their services in the
United States, we may need to enter into agreements that are less favorable or take other measures to custody our digital assets, and our ability to seek a greater degree of diversification in the use of custodial services would be materially
adversely affected.
Any insurance that may cover losses of our digital asset holdings will cover only a small fraction of the value of the entirety of our digital assets holdings. The insurance policies maintained by our custodians are shared among all of such custodian’s customers and are not specific to us, and there can be no guarantee that such insurance will be maintained as part of the custodial services
available to us, or that such coverage will be available or sufficient to cover losses with respect to our digital assets. Additionally, we do not maintain separate insurance to cover our potential digital asset losses. Moreover, our use of
custodians exposes us to the risk that the digital assets our custodians hold on our behalf could be subject to insolvency proceedings and we could be treated as a general unsecured creditor of the custodian, inhibiting our ability to exercise
ownership rights with respect to such digital assets. Any loss associated with such insolvency proceedings is unlikely to be covered by the insurance coverage we our custodians maintain related to our digital assets.
Bitcoin and Cronos are controllable only by the possessor of both the unique public key and private key(s) relating to the local or online digital wallet in which the digital assets are held. While the
blockchain ledger relevant to such assets requires a public key relating to a digital wallet to be published when used in a transaction, private keys must be safeguarded and kept private in order to prevent a third party from accessing the digital
assets held in such wallet. To the extent the private key(s) for a digital wallet are lost, destroyed, or otherwise compromised and no backup of the private key(s) is accessible, neither we nor our custodians will be able to access the digital assets
held in the related digital wallet. Furthermore, we cannot provide assurance that our digital wallets, nor the digital wallets of our custodians held on our behalf, will not be compromised as a result of a cyberattack. Digital assets and blockchain
technologies, have been, and may in the future be, subject to security breaches, cyberattacks, or other malicious activities.
Regulatory change reclassifying bitcoin as a security could lead to our classification as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and
could adversely affect the market price of bitcoin and the market price of our listed securities.
Under Sections 3(a)(1)(A) and (C) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “Investment Company Act”), a company generally will be deemed to be an “investment company” for purposes of the Investment
Company Act if (i) it is, or holds itself out as being, engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities or (ii) it engages, or proposes to engage, in the business of investing,
reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and it owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated
basis.
A significant portion of our assets are concentrated in our bitcoin and other digital asset holdings. While senior SEC officials have stated their view that bitcoin is not a “security” for purposes of
the federal securities laws, a contrary determination by the SEC could lead to our classification as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act, which would subject us to significant additional regulatory controls that could have a
material adverse effect on our ability to execute on our bitcoin and digital asset strategy, and our business and operations and may also require us to substantially change the manner in which we conduct our business.
In addition, if bitcoin or other digital assets are determined to constitute a security for purposes of the federal securities laws, the additional regulatory restrictions imposed by such a
determination could adversely affect the market price of bitcoin and other digital assets and in turn adversely affect the market price of our listed securities.
We are not subject to legal and regulatory obligations that apply to investment companies such as mutual funds and exchange-traded funds, or to obligations
applicable to investment advisers.
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Mutual funds, ETFs and their directors and management are subject to extensive regulation as “investment companies” and “investment advisers” under U.S. federal and state law; this regulation is
intended for the benefit and protection of investors. We are not subject to, and do not otherwise voluntarily comply with, these laws and regulations. This means, among other things, that the execution of or changes to our bitcoin strategy, our use
of leverage, the manner in which our bitcoin is custodied, our ability to engage in transactions with affiliated parties and our operating and investment activities generally are not subject to the extensive legal and regulatory requirements and
prohibitions that apply to investment companies and investment advisers. Our Board of Directors will have broad discretion over the investment, leverage and cash management policies it authorizes, whether in respect of our bitcoin holdings or other
activities we may pursue, and has the power to change our current policies, including our strategy of acquiring and holding bitcoin and digital assets. Additionally, we are not a registered money market fund under the Investment Company Act of 1940,
as amended, and we do not operate as a registered money market fund. Holders of our listed securities, do not benefit from the protections available to holders of securities of a registered money market fund. Bitcoin does not have a similar risk
profile to the assets required to be held by money market funds because, among other things, it is much more volatile and involves no principal protection. Unlike money market funds, we do not price our listed securities based on the net asset value
of the pool of assets backing the securities. We are also not subject to any regulation requiring that we maintain any particular pricing or stable value, and we are not subject to the fee restrictions or liquidity requirements applicable to
registered money market funds.
Our bitcoin and digital asset strategy exposes us to risk of non-performance by counterparties.
Our bitcoin and digital asset strategy exposes us to the risk of non-performance by counterparties, whether contractual or otherwise. Risk of non-performance includes inability or refusal of a
counterparty to perform because of a deterioration in the counterparty’s financial condition and liquidity or for any other reason. For example, our execution partners, custodians, or other counterparties might fail to perform in accordance with the
terms of our agreements with them, which could result in a loss of bitcoin or Cronos, a loss of the opportunity to generate funds, or other losses. Additionally, with more companies adopting a bitcoin and digital asset strategy similar to ours, our
counterparties and service providers may experience increased demand for their services, which could impact the level or quality of service we receive, or the pricing of these services in the future.
Our principal counterparty risk with respect to our digital assets is the risk that our custodians may fail to perform their obligations under our custody arrangements. A series of recent high-profile
bankruptcies, closures, liquidations, regulatory enforcement actions and other events relating to companies operating in the digital assets industry, including the filings for bankruptcy protection by Three Arrows Capital, Celsius Network, Voyager
Digital, FTX Trading and Genesis Global Capital, the closure or liquidation of certain financial institutions that provided lending and other services to the digital assets industry, including Signature Bank and Silvergate Bank, SEC enforcement
actions against Coinbase, Inc., Binance Holdings Ltd., and Kraken, the placement of Prime Trust, LLC into receivership following a cease-and-desist order issued by Nevada’s Department of Business and Industry, and the filing and subsequent settlement
of a civil fraud lawsuit by the New York Attorney General against Genesis Global Capital, its parent company Digital Currency Group, Inc., and former partner Gemini Trust Company have highlighted the perceived and actual counterparty risk applicable
to digital asset ownership and trading. Although these bankruptcies, closures and liquidations have not resulted in any loss or misappropriation of our digital assets, nor have such events adversely impacted our access to our digital assets, legal
precedent created in these bankruptcy and other proceedings may increase the risk of future rulings adverse to our interests in the event one or more of our custodians becomes a debtor in a bankruptcy case or is the subject of other liquidation,
insolvency or similar proceedings.
While all of our custodians are subject to regulatory regimes intended to protect customers in the event of a custodial bankruptcy, receivership or similar insolvency proceeding, no assurance can be
provided that our custodially-held digital assets will not become part of the custodian’s insolvency estate if one or more of our custodians enters bankruptcy, receivership or similar insolvency proceedings. Additionally, if we pursue any strategies
to create income streams or otherwise generate funds using our digital assets holdings, we would become subject to additional counterparty risks. Any significant non-performance by counterparties, including in particular the custodians with which we
custody substantially all of our digital assets, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results.
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We are not subject to legal and regulatory obligations that apply to investment companies such as mutual funds and exchange-traded funds, or to obligations
applicable to investment advisers.
Mutual funds, ETFs and their directors and management are subject to extensive regulation as “investment companies” and “investment advisers” under U.S. federal and state law; this regulation is
intended for the benefit and protection of investors. We are not subject to, and do not otherwise voluntarily comply with, these laws and regulations. This means, among other things, that the execution of or changes to our Treasury Reserve Policy or
our bitcoin and digital asset strategy, our use of leverage, the manner in which our digital assets are custodied, our ability to engage in transactions with affiliated parties and our operating and investment activities generally are not subject to
the extensive legal and regulatory requirements and prohibitions that apply to investment companies and investment advisers. For example, although a significant change to our Treasury Reserve Policy would require the approval of our Board, no
shareholder or regulatory approval would be necessary. Consequently, our Board has broad discretion over the investment, leverage and cash management policies it authorizes, whether in respect of our digital assets holdings or other activities we may
pursue, and has the power to change our current policies, including our strategy of acquiring and holding digital assets.
Our use of leverage to acquire digital assets could increase the risk of our bitcoin and digital asset treasury strategy.
We have, and may in the future, utilize leverage to acquire bitcoin, which magnifies the potential for loss with our bitcoin treasury strategy. As we use leverage to partially finance our acquisition of
digital assets, you will experience increased risks of investing in our securities. If the value of our digital assets increase, then leveraging would cause the value attributable to our common stock to increase more sharply than it would have had we
not leveraged. Conversely, if the value of our digital assets decreases, leveraging would cause the value of our digital assets to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have had we not leveraged our business. Such a decline could negatively
affect our ability to service, repurchase, repay or collateralize our debt. The effects of leverage could cause any decrease in asset value for any losses to be greater than any increase in asset value for any corresponding gains. If we incur
additional leverage, you will experience increased risks of investing in our common stock.
Risks Related to our Convertible Notes and Potential Future Indebtedness
Our level and terms of indebtedness could adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital to further execute on our bitcoin strategy, fund other
operations, and take advantage of new business opportunities.
Our indebtedness, whether currently existing or incurred in the future, could have important consequences to us, including:
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limiting our ability to use a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations in other areas of our business, including for acquisition of additional bitcoin, working capital, developing our products and
services, capital expenditures, and other general business activities and investment opportunities in our company, because we must dedicate a substantial portion of these funds to pay interest on and/or service our debt;
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limiting our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for acquisition of additional bitcoin, working capital, capital expenditures, debt service, acquisitions, execution of our strategy, and other
expenses or investments planned by us;
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limiting our flexibility and our ability to capitalize on business opportunities and to react to competitive pressures and adverse changes in government regulation, our business, and our industry;
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increasing our vulnerability to a downturn in our business and to adverse economic and industry conditions generally;
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requiring us to maintain bitcoin or liquid assets to cover any repurchase, conversion or collateral requirement of the Convertible Notes;
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placing us at a competitive disadvantage as compared to our competitors that are less leveraged; and
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limiting our ability, or increasing the costs, to refinance indebtedness.
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We may be unable to service our indebtedness, which could cause us to default on our debt obligations and could force us into bankruptcy or liquidation.
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Our ability to make scheduled payments on and to refinance our indebtedness (whether currently existing or incurred in the future) depends, and will depend, on and is subject to our financial and
operating performance, which is influenced, in part, by general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, counterparty business, and other risks that are beyond our control, including the availability of financing in the U.S. banking
and capital markets. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell assets, seek additional capital, or restructure or refinance our
indebtedness. We cannot assure you that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to service our indebtedness, to refinance our indebtedness, or to fund our other liquidity needs. Even if refinancing indebtedness
is available, any refinancing of our indebtedness could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants that could further restrict our business operations. In addition, our bitcoin strategy anticipates that we
may issue additional debt in future periods to finance additional purchases of bitcoin, but if we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures, we may be required to sell bitcoin. These
alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations or our financial covenants, which could cause us to default on our debt obligations. In addition, any failure to make payments of interest
and principal on our outstanding indebtedness on a timely basis would likely result in a reduction of our credit rating, which could harm our ability to incur additional indebtedness.
Upon the occurrence of an event of default under our indebtedness (whether currently existing or incurred in the future), the holders of the defaulted indebtedness could elect to declare all the funds
borrowed to be due and payable, together with accrued and unpaid interest. Any of these events could in turn result in cross-defaults under any other indebtedness. We may not have sufficient funds available to pay the amounts due upon any such
default, particularly in the event that there has been a decrease in the market value of our bitcoin holdings, and we may not be able to raise additional funds to pay such amounts on a timely basis, on terms we find acceptable, or at all. Any
financing that we may undertake under such circumstances could result in substantial dilution of our existing stockholders, and in the absence of being able to obtain such financing, we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation.
We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to settle conversions of the Convertible Notes in cash or to repurchase the Convertible Notes for cash
upon a fundamental change or other events which require repayment of the Convertible Notes, including the mandatory repurchase provisions contained in the Indenture and at maturity, and any future debt may contain limitations on our ability to engage
in cash-settled conversions or repurchases of the Convertible Notes.
In connection with any conversion of the Convertible Notes, we may elect (and if our common stock is not freely tradable, we will be required) to make cash payments in respect of the Convertible Notes
being converted. However, any future debt may contain limitations on our ability to (i) pay cash upon conversion or redemption of the Convertible Notes, which may require us to elect to deliver solely shares of our common stock to settle such
conversion (other than paying cash in lieu of delivering any fractional share), or (ii) sell certain bitcoin or other assets to generate cash that can be used to make such cash payments.
In addition, upon a fundamental change as defined in the indentures governing the Convertible Notes, the holders of such notes will have the right to require us to offer to purchase all of the
applicable notes then outstanding at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the repurchase date.
The holders of Convertible Notes have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of their notes on November 30, 2026, at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes
to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any.
In order to obtain sufficient funds to pay the pay cash to repurchase the Convertible Notes or otherwise repay the Convertible Notes at maturity, we expect that we may have to refinance the Convertible
Notes or obtain a waiver from the applicable holders of the Convertible Notes and we may not be able to refinance the Convertible Notes on reasonable terms, if at all. Absent a waiver from the applicable holders of the Convertible Notes, our failure
to offer to purchase all applicable Convertible Notes or to purchase all validly tendered Convertible Notes or repay the Convertible Notes upon would be an event of default under the Indenture governing the Convertible Notes. Additionally, the
collateral held by the collateral agent under the Indenture may not be available to us to repurchase or repay the Convertible Notes since that Collateral is subject to release only in accordance with the terms of the Indenture.
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Moreover, the exercise by holders of the Convertible Notes of their right to require us to repurchase such Convertible Notes could cause a default under future debt agreements, even if the change of
control or fundamental change itself does not, due to the financial effect of such repurchase on us.
The forced conversion feature of the Convertible Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
In the event the forced conversion feature of the Convertible Notes is triggered, holders of the applicable Convertible Notes will be entitled to convert such notes at any time during specified periods
at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert their Convertible Notes, unless we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than paying cash in lieu of delivering any fractional
share), we would be required to settle a portion or all of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity. Furthermore, even if holders do not elect to convert their Convertible Notes, we could be
required under applicable accounting rules to reclassify all or a portion of the outstanding principal of the applicable Convertible Notes as a current rather than long-term liability, which would result in a material reduction of our net working
capital.
Despite our current level of indebtedness, we may incur substantially more indebtedness and enter into other transactions in the future which could further
exacerbate the risks related to our indebtedness.
Our bitcoin strategy includes acquiring bitcoin using proceeds from equity and debt financings and cash flows from operations. As such, despite our current level of indebtedness, we may incur
substantially more indebtedness, and we may enter into other transactions in the future. Even if we were to enter into debt or other arrangements that contain restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, these restrictions may be
subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions that would allow us to incur significant additional indebtedness. To the extent we incur additional indebtedness or other obligations, the risks described herein with respect to our indebtedness
may increase significantly.
Collateral requirements and the repurchase rights of holders of our Convertible Notes may constrain our bitcoin strategy and our business.
Within 45 days of the closing date of the Debt Financing, we were required to have a Loan-to-Collateral Ratio of less than or equal to 1.0 to 1.0, with the Loan-to-Collateral Ratio calculated as the aggregate outstanding
principal balance of all Convertible Notes divided by the sum of (i) the aggregate market value of bitcoin collateral multiplied by 0.5263157895, plus (ii) the aggregate value of all of our cash and cash equivalents collateral. In addition, holders
of Convertible Notes have the right, at such holder’s option, to require us to repurchase its Convertible Notes for cash on November 30, 2026, subject to the terms and conditions in the Indenture. The collateral held by the collateral agent under
the Indenture may not be available to us to repurchase or repay the Convertible Notes since that collateral is subject to release only in accordance with the terms of the Indenture. We may need to maintain reserves in cash and cash equivalents, or
otherwise liquidate bitcoin holdings or other assets when it is not desirable or advisable to do so, in order to fund such obligations, which could negatively affect our business and results of operation.
Risks Related to Our Share Repurchase Program
We cannot guarantee that our share repurchase program will be utilized to the full value approved or that it will enhance long-term stockholder value.
On June 23, 2025, we announced that our Board authorized the Share Repurchase Program allowing us to repurchase up to $400 million of our outstanding shares of common stock.
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Purchases under the Share Repurchase Program may be made from time to time in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, block trades, accelerated share repurchase transactions, purchases
through 10b5-1 trading plans, or by any combination of such methods. The timing and amount of any repurchases pursuant to the Share Repurchase Program will be determined based on market conditions, share price and other factors. The Share Repurchase
Program does not have an expiration date, does not require us to repurchase any specific number of shares of our common stock, and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time without notice. There is no guarantee that any shares will be
purchased under the Share Repurchase Program. Any shares that will be repurchased are intended to be retired after purchase. We may from time to time, sell put option contracts in connection with our Share Repurchase Program in order to offset the
cost of our Share Repurchase Program. Additionally, TMTG may, at any time and from time to time, seek to repurchase its outstanding Convertible Notes in open-market or privately-negotiated transactions. TMTG will retain broad discretion over the
terms, prices, and factors applicable to such repurchases, if any.
Additionally, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 introduced a 1% excise tax on certain share repurchases, which has increased the costs associated with repurchasing shares of our common stock. Even if
our share repurchase programs are fully implemented, they may not enhance long-term stockholder value or may not prove to be the best use of our cash. Share repurchases could have an impact on our share trading prices, increase the volatility of the
price of our common stock, reduce the market liquidity for our common stock or reduce our available cash balance such that we will be required to seek financing to support our operations.
Risks Related to TMTG’s Business and Industry
Any significant disruption in service on Truth Social or Truth+, or in TMTG’s information systems, could result in a loss of users or subscribers.
Users and subscribers will access Truth Social and Truth+ through TMTG’s website and related mobile applications. TMTG’s reputation and ability to attract, retain and serve TMTG’s subscribers is
dependent upon the reliable performance of TMTG’s website and related apps, network infrastructure and fulfillment processes. Interruptions in these systems could make TMTG’s website unavailable and hinder TMTG’s ability to fulfill selections. Some
of TMTG’s software is proprietary, and TMTG may rely on the expertise of members of TMTG’s engineering and software development teams for the continued performance of TMTG’s software and computer systems. Service interruptions or the unavailability
of TMTG’s website could diminish the overall attractiveness of TMTG’s subscription service to existing and potential subscribers.
TMTG’s servers may be vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions, which could lead to interruptions and delays in TMTG’s service and operations and loss,
misuse or theft of data. TMTG’s website may periodically experience directed attacks intended to cause a disruption in service. Any attempts by hackers to disrupt TMTG’s website service or TMTG’s internal systems, if successful, could harm TMTG’s
business, be expensive to remedy and damage TMTG’s reputation. Efforts to prevent hackers from entering TMTG’s computer systems may be expensive to implement and may limit the functionality of TMTG’s services. Any significant disruption to TMTG’s
website or internal computer systems could result in a loss of subscribers and adversely affect TMTG’s business and results of operations.
TMTG’s industries, including financial products, are prone to cyber-attacks by third parties seeking unauthorized access to TMTG’s data or users’ data or to disrupt TMTG’s ability to provide service.
TMTG’s products and services involve the collection, storage, processing, and transmission of a large amount of data. Any failure to prevent or mitigate security breaches and improper access to or disclosure of TMTG’s data or user data, including
personal information, content, or payment information from users, or information from marketers, could result in the loss, modification, disclosure, destruction, or other misuse of such data, which could harm TMTG’s business and reputation and
diminish TMTG’s competitive position. In addition, computer malware, viruses, social engineering (such as spear phishing attacks), scraping, and general hacking are prevalent in TMTG’s industry and are likely to occur on TMTG’s systems in the future.
TMTG will also regularly encounter attempts to create false or undesirable user accounts, purchase ads, or take other actions on TMTG’s platform for purposes such as spamming, spreading misinformation, or other illegal, illicit, or otherwise
objectionable ends. As a result of TMTG’s prominence, the prominence and involvement of President Donald J. Trump, the size of TMTG’s user base, the types and volume of personal data and content on TMTG’s systems, and the evolving nature of TMTG’s
products and services (including TMTG’s efforts involving new and emerging technologies), TMTG believes that it is a particularly attractive target for such breaches and attacks, including from nation states and highly sophisticated, state-sponsored,
or otherwise well-funded actors, and TMTG may experience heightened risk from time to time as a result of geopolitical events. TMTG’s efforts to address undesirable activity on TMTG’s platform also increase the risk of retaliatory attacks. Such
breaches and attacks may cause interruptions to the services TMTG provides, degrade the user experience, cause users or marketers to lose confidence and trust in TMTG products, impair TMTG’s internal systems, or result in financial harm to TMTG.
TMTG’s efforts to protect its company data or the information it receives, and to disable undesirable activities on TMTG’s platform, may also be unsuccessful due to software bugs or other technical malfunctions; employee, contractor, or vendor error
or malfeasance, including defects or vulnerabilities in TMTG’s vendors’ information technology systems or offerings; government surveillance; breaches of physical security of TMTG’s facilities or technical infrastructure; or other threats that
evolve. For example, in June 2025, TMTG was informed by its auditor that the auditor’s internal shared drive—including certain data and information belonging to or relating to TMTG—was compromised in a cyber-attack. Although TMTG has not, as of the
date of this quarterly report, determined this incident to have been material with respect to TMTG, it highlights the risk described above.
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In addition, third parties may attempt to fraudulently induce employees or users to disclose information in order to gain access to TMTG’s data or TMTG’s users’ data. Cyber-attacks continue to evolve in
sophistication and volume, and inherently may be difficult to detect for long periods of time. Although TMTG has developed systems and processes that are designed to protect its data and user data, to prevent data loss, to disable undesirable
accounts and activities on TMTG’s platform, and to prevent or detect security breaches, TMTG cannot guarantee that such measures will provide absolute security, that TMTG will be able to react in a timely manner, or that TMTG’s remediation efforts
will be successful. The changes in TMTG’s work environment as a result of certain personnel working remotely could also impact the security of TMTG’s systems, as well as TMTG’s ability to protect against attacks and detect and respond to them
quickly.
TMTG is subject to various laws and regulations in the United States and abroad relating to cybersecurity and data protection. Consequently, affected users or government authorities could initiate legal
or regulatory actions against TMTG in connection with any actual or perceived security breaches or improper access to or disclosure of data, including payment information. Such an incident or incidents could cause TMTG to incur significant expense
and liability or result in orders or consent decrees forcing TMTG to modify its business practices. Such an incident or incidents, or TMTG’s efforts to remediate the same, may also result in a decline in TMTG’s user base or engagement levels. Such an
incident or incidents could have a material and adverse effect on TMTG’s business, reputation or financial results.
TMTG’s communications hardware and the computer hardware used to operate Truth Social and Truth+ are hosted at the facilities of third-party providers. Hardware for TMTG’s delivery systems is intended
to be maintained in TMTG’s data centers. Fires, floods, earthquakes, adverse weather conditions, other natural disasters, power losses, telecommunications failures, cyber-attacks, public health crises, terrorism, geopolitical conflict, break-ins, and
similar events could damage these systems and hardware or cause them to fail completely. Problems faced by TMTG’s third-party party could impact adversely the experience of TMTG’s customer. Any of these problems could harm TMTG’s reputation and
adversely affect TMTG’s business.
The Company may also be susceptible to cybersecurity threats through its third-party service providers. For example, our independent public accounting firm was subject to a data breach and, while there
is no determination of the effect on the Company of the breach, the Company continues to evaluate such effects.
We may invest in or write options on securities, which may result in our bearing the risk of loss should the underlying security change in value during the life of
the option.
There are several risks associated with transactions in options on securities. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect
correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. A transaction in options or securities may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events.
When we write a covered call option, we forgo, during the option’s life, the opportunity to profit from increases in the market value of the security covering the call option above the sum of the
premium and the strike price of the call, but retain the risk of loss should the price of the underlying security decline. The writer of an option has no control over the time when it may be required to fulfill its obligation and once an option
writer has received an exercise notice, it must deliver the underlying security in exchange for the strike price.
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When we write a covered put option, we bear the risk of loss if the value of the underlying stock declines below the exercise price minus the put premium. If the option is exercised, we could incur a
loss if we are required to purchase the stock underlying the put option at a price greater than the market price of the stock at the time of exercise plus the put premium we received when we wrote the option. While our potential gain in writing a
covered put option is limited to distributions earned on the liquid assets securing the put option plus the premium received from the purchaser of the put option, we risk a loss equal to the entire exercise price of the option minus the put premium.
We may enter into reverse repurchase transactions, which are subject to the risk that the securities subject to such repurchase transaction may decline in value or
that securities purchased with the proceeds of such reverse repurchase transaction will decline in value below the market value of the securities we are required to repurchase.
We may enter into reverse repurchase transactions with banks and securities dealers. A reverse repurchase transaction is a repurchase transaction in which we are the seller of, rather than the investor
in, securities or other assets and agree to repurchase them at a date certain or on demand. Use of a reverse repurchase transaction may be preferable to a regular sale and later repurchase of securities or other assets because it avoids certain
market risks and transaction costs. Reverse repurchase transactions involve the risk that the market value of securities and/or other assets purchased by us with the proceeds received by us in connection with such reverse repurchase transactions may
decline below the market value of the securities we are obligated to repurchase under such reverse repurchase transactions. They also involve the risk that the counterparty liquidates the securities delivered to it by us under the reverse repurchase
agreement following the occurrence of an event of default under the reverse repurchase agreement by us. At the time when we enter into a reverse repurchase transactions, liquid securities (cash) of ours having a value at least as great as the
purchase price of the securities to be purchased are expected to be segregated on our books throughout the period of the obligation.
From time to time, we may engage in the short sale of securities, which involves the risk of significant loss in the event the price of the borrowed securities appreciates before the
short position closes out.
If other short positions of the same security are closed out at the same time, a “short squeeze” can occur where demand exceeds the supply for the security sold short. A short squeeze makes it more
likely that we will need to replace the borrowed security at an unfavorable price.
Investments in equity securities are subject to variation in their prices.
The prices of equity securities we have invested in may fall over short or long periods of time. In addition, common equity represents a share of ownership of a company, and rank junior to debt and
preferred equity in their claim on the Company’s assets in the event of bankruptcy.
We may use leverage in our investment program, resulting in a greater risk of loss.
We may use leverage in our investment program, including the use of borrowed funds and investments in certain types of options, such as puts, calls and warrants, which may be purchased for a fraction of
the price of the underlying securities. While such strategies and techniques increase the opportunity to achieve higher returns on the amounts invested, they also increase the risk of loss. To the extent we purchase securities with borrowed funds,
our net assets will tend to increase or decrease at a greater rate than if borrowed funds are not used. If the interest expense on borrowings were to exceed the net return on the portfolio securities purchased with borrowed funds, our use of leverage
would result in a lower rate of return than if we were not leveraged.
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Investments in securities of other companies or issuers, including debt and equity instruments such as bonds, preferred or common shares, or convertible
instruments, could cause us to incur losses or other expenses which could adversely affect our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
We currently own and may own in the future, investments in securities of companies or issuers including debt and equity instruments, which may include bonds, preferred or common shares, or convertible
instruments. Certain of these investments may be traded on an exchange or other active market while other investments may not be actively traded and without a readily observable market price. With respect to investments traded on an exchange or other
active market, the price of the underlying instrument may be quoted such that the market value of the instrument varies during a given trading day, or the price may be quoted less frequently. Adverse fluctuations in the value of these investments,
whether market-generated or not, may be reflected as unrealized losses on our balance sheet depending on the type of investment and our accounting methodologies. We may choose to or be required to liquidate these investments in whole or in part and
at prices that result in realized losses on our investment. Should we incur realized losses on liquidating these investments, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows would be adversely impacted. Our investments in the securities
of companies or issuers which are engaged in the real estate industry are also subject to risks associated with the investment in real estate generally.
False, misleading, and unfavorable media coverage could negatively affect TMTG’s business.
TMTG may receive a high degree of media coverage around the world, including regarding, without limitation, TMTG’s privacy practices, product changes, product quality, litigation or regulatory activity,
or the actions of TMTG’s platform or developers or TMTG’s users. For example, numerous media outlets reported on the fact that, in June 2022, TMTG received subpoenas from the SEC and a federal grand jury sitting in the Southern District of New York
seeking documents relating to, among other things, Digital World and other potential counterparties. In or about October 2022, a now-former TMTG Sub employee initiated a series of unauthorized leaks of Private TMTG’s confidential information to
various media outlets, which resulted in the publication of numerous stories portraying Private TMTG and its management in a negative light.
On May 20, 2023, Private TMTG filed a $3.8 billion defamation lawsuit against The Washington Post in connection with a May 13, 2023 article. On July 12, 2024,
TMTG filed in Florida state court an action for defamation, injurious falsehood, and civil conspiracy against Guardian News and Media Ltd., Penske Media Corporation, a Sarasota Herald-Tribune reporter, and
the above-referenced former TMTG Sub employee. These matters remain pending, and the court denied The Washington Post’s motion to dismiss TMTG’s second amended complaint on June 6, 2024.
Notwithstanding such ongoing litigation, media outlets continue to publish false and misleading information about TMTG. For example, numerous publications mischaracterized a January 28, 2025 issuance
of equity compensation to TMTG’s non-employee directors as a “gift”—despite a clear statement in the relevant filings that it was “consideration for services,” i.e., not a gift. Thus, whatever factual information TMTG includes in its disclosures and
other public statements may be twisted and distorted when conveyed to the public and the market. Such fake news could harm TMTG’s business, reputation, stock price, and/or ability to transact with its third-party providers. Negative publicity also
could have an adverse effect on the size, engagement, and loyalty of TMTG’s user base and result in decreased revenue, which could adversely affect TMTG’s business and financial results.
Our prediction‑market initiatives involve emerging technology and business models that are still in development and are subject to significant regulatory,
operational, and market uncertainties.
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On October 28, 2025, we announced an exclusive arrangement with Crypto.com | Derivatives North America (CDNA), a CFTC-registered exchange and clearinghouse, to integrate prediction markets into Truth
Social. Through this integration, Truth Social will become the first social media platform to offer embedded prediction market capabilities via CDNA. Users will be able to trade contracts tied to major events, including political elections, interest
rate and inflation changes, commodity prices, and sports outcomes, using our new product technology, Truth Predict, which has not yet entered beta testing.
Prediction markets are a relatively new and evolving business area, and our platform, Truth Predict, is currently in a beta testing phase. There is significant uncertainty regarding user adoption,
engagement, and platform integration through distribution partners such as CDNA, as well as the scalability of our business model. In addition, the regulatory and legal frameworks applicable to prediction markets are complex, evolving, and may
involve overlapping federal and state oversight, including classification as derivatives, event contracts, or gambling under different jurisdictions. Any failure to successfully develop, integrate, or scale our platform, or to comply with applicable
legal and regulatory requirements, could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
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| Item 2. |
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
|
(a) None not previously disclosed in a current report on Form 8-K.
(b) Not applicable.
(c)
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
|
Total Number of Shares
|
Maximum Dollar Value
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Purchased as Part of a
|
of Shares that May Yet
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Total Number of
|
Average Price
|
Publicly Announced
|
be Purchased Under the
|
|||||||||||||
|
Shares Purchased
|
Paid per Share
|
Plans or Programs
|
Plans or Programs(1)
|
|||||||||||||
|
July 1 to July 31
|
-
|
$
|
-
|
-
|
$
|
400,000.0
|
||||||||||
|
August 1 to August 31
|
242,800
|
$
|
18.11
|
242,800
|
$
|
395,602.2
|
||||||||||
|
September 1 to September 30
|
112,408
|
$
|
17.81
|
112,408
|
$
|
393,599.9
|
||||||||||
|
(1)
|
On June 23, 2025, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $400,000.0 of our common stock through the Share Repurchase Program. We may repurchase shares or warrants from time to time on the open market, including in
block trades, in accordance with applicable federal securities rules and regulations. The Share Repurchase Program has no time limit, does not obligate us to make any repurchases and may be modified, suspended or terminated by us at any
time without prior notice. The amount and timing of repurchases are subject to a variety of factors including liquidity, share price, market conditions, and legal requirements, and will be funded by available cash and cash equivalents.
Any shares that are repurchased are held in treasury after purchase.
|
| Item 3. |
Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
|
None.
| Item 4. |
Mine Safety Disclosures.
|
Not Applicable.
| Item 5. |
Other Information.
|
(a) None.
(b) None.
(c) During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, none
| Item 6. |
Exhibits
|
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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|
Exhibit No.
|
Description of Exhibit
|
|
|
2.1†
|
Business Combination Agreement, dated as of August 25, 2025, by and among Yorkville Acquisition Corp., YA S3 Inc., Foris Holdings KY Limited, Crypto.com Strategy Holdings, Trump Media & Technology Group
Corp. and Yorkville Acquisition Sponsor, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. on Augst 26, 2025)
|
|
| 2.2* |
Amendment No. 1 to Business Combination Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2025, by and among Yorkville Acquisition Corp., Crypto.com Strategy Holdings, Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. and Yorkville Acquisition Sponsor, LLC
|
|
|
3.1
|
Articles of Incorporation of Incorporation of Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by Trump Media & Technology Group
Corp. on April 30, 2025)
|
|
|
3.2
|
Bylaws of Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. on April 30, 2025)
|
|
|
4.1#
|
Indenture, dated as of May 29, 2025, by and among Trump Media & Technology Group Corp., the Guarantors therein, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee and Collateral Agent
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by filed by Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. on May 30, 2025)
|
|
|
4.2
|
Form of 0.00% Convertible Senior Secured Note due 2028 (included within Exhibit 4.1)
|
|
|
4.3
|
Form of Earnout Warrant between Yorkville Acquisition Corp. and Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by Trump Media &
Technology Group Corp. on August 26, 2025)
|
|
|
4.4
|
Form of Forced Exercise Warrant between the Yorkville Acquisition Corp. and the holders (including Trump Media & Technology Group Corp.) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on
Form 8-K, filed by Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. on August 26, 2025)
|
|
|
10.1
|
Purchase Agreement, date August 26, 2025, by and between Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. and Foris Holdings US, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed
by filed by Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. on August 26, 2025)
|
|
|
10.2
|
Sponsor Support Agreement, dated as of August 25, 2025, by and among the Yorkville Acquisition Corp., YA S3 Inc., Foris Holdings KY Limited, Crypto.com Strategy Holdings, Trump Media & Technology Group
Corp. and Yorkville Acquisition Sponsor, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by filed by Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. on August 26, 2025)
|
|
|
10.3
|
Form of Registration Rights Agreement by and among the Yorkville Acquisition Corp., Crypto.com Strategy Holdings, Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. and Yorkville Acquisition Sponsor, LLC (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed by filed by Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. on August 26, 2025)
|
|
|
31.1*
|
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
31.2*
|
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15(d)-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
32.1*
|
Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
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|
32.2*
|
Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
|
|
|
101.INS*
|
Inline XBRL Instance Document
|
|
|
101.SCH*
|
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
|
|
|
101.CAL*
|
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
|
|
|
101.DEF*
|
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
|
|
|
101.LAB*
|
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
|
|
|
101.PRE*
|
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
|
|
|
104*
|
Cover Page Interactive Data File.
|
*
Filed or furnished herewith.
†
Certain of the exhibits and schedules to this exhibit have been omitted in accordance with Regulation S-K Item 601. The registrant agrees to furnish a copy of all omitted exhibits and schedules to the SEC upon its request.
#
Certain portions of this exhibit have been redacted pursuant to Regulation S-K Item 601(b)(10)(iv). The registrant hereby agrees to furnish supplementally an unredacted copy of the exhibit to the SEC upon its request.
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SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
TRUMP MEDIA & TECHNOLOGY GROUP CORP.
|
||
|
Date: November 7, 2025
|
By:
|
/s/ Devin Nunes
|
|
Name:
|
Devin Nunes
|
|
|
Title:
|
Chief Executive Officer
|
|
|
(Principal Executive Officer)
|
||
|
Date: November 7, 2025
|
By:
|
/s/ Phillip Juhan
|
|
Name:
|
Phillip Juhan
|
|
|
Title:
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
|
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
|
||
67
FAQ
What were DJT’s Q3 2025 net sales and net loss?
Net sales were $972.9 thousand, and the net loss was $54.8 million (loss per share $0.20).
How large are DJT’s digital assets and total assets?
Digital assets were $1.47 billion and total assets were $3.27 billion as of September 30, 2025.
What financing did DJT complete in 2025?
DJT raised $1.40 billion via a PIPE and issued $960.0 million of 0.00% convertible senior secured notes due 2028.
What is DJT’s convertible notes conversion rate and collateral status?
Notes convert at 28.8 shares per $1. Collateral included $26.8 million restricted cash, $455.0 million trading securities, and bitcoin with fair value $487.3 million at quarter‑end.
How much cash and investments does DJT hold?
Cash and cash equivalents were $166.1 million, restricted cash $335.8 million, short‑term investments $550.4 million, and trading securities $587.5 million.
Did DJT authorize share repurchases?
Yes. A $400.0 million program was authorized; 355,208 shares were repurchased for $6.4 million as of September 30, 2025.
How many DJT shares were outstanding?
There were 279,997,636 shares outstanding as of November 5, 2025.
Trump Media & Technology
NASDAQ:DJT
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19.21%
4.59%
Internet Content & Information
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