| (a) | Amount beneficially owned:
(i) Immediately following the execution of the Securities Purchase Agreement with the Issuer on July 17, 2025 (the "SPA") (as disclosed in the Form 6-K filed by the Issuer with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18, 2025), each of the Reporting Persons may have been deemed to have beneficial ownership of 1,557,283 shares of Common Stock, which consisted of (i) 934,579 shares of Common Stock to be issued to Intracoastal at the closing of the transaction contemplated by the SPA and (ii) 622,704 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of a warrant to be issued to Intracoastal at the closing of the transaction contemplated by the SPA ("Intracoastal Warrant 1"), and all such shares of Common Stock represent beneficial ownership of approximately 9.99% of the Common Stock, based on (1) 14,031,144 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of July 17, 2025, as reported by the Issuer, plus (2) 934,579 shares of Common Stock to be issued to Intracoastal at the closing of the transaction contemplated by the SPA and (3) 622,704 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 1. The foregoing excludes (I) 311,875 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 1 because Intracoastal Warrant 1 contains a blocker provision under which the holder thereof does not have the right to exercise Intracoastal Warrant 1 to the extent (but only to the extent) that such exercise would result in beneficial ownership by the holder thereof, together with the holder's affiliates, and any other persons acting as a group together with the holder or any of the holder's affiliates, of more than 9.99% of the Common Stock, (II) 22,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of a warrant held by Intracoastal ("Intracoastal Warrant 2") because Intracoastal Warrant 2 contains a blocker provision under which the holder thereof does not have the right to exercise Intracoastal Warrant 2 to the extent (but only to the extent) that such exercise would result in beneficial ownership by the holder thereof, together with the holder's affiliates, and any other persons acting as a group together with the holder or any of the holder's affiliates, of more than 4.99% of the Common Stock and (III) 800,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of a second warrant held by Intracoastal ("Intracoastal Warrant 3") because Intracoastal Warrant 3 contains a blocker provision under which the holder thereof does not have the right to exercise Intracoastal Warrant 3 to the extent (but only to the extent) that such exercise would result in beneficial ownership by the holder thereof, together with the holder's affiliates, and any other persons acting as a group together with the holder or any of the holder's affiliates, of more than 4.99% of the Common Stock. Without such blocker provisions, each of the Reporting Persons may have been deemed to have beneficial ownership of 2,691,158 shares of Common Stock.
(ii) As of the close of business on July 23, 2025, each of the Reporting Persons may have been deemed to have beneficial ownership of 990,228 shares of Common Stock, which consisted of (i) 934,579 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 1 and (ii) 55,649 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 3, and all such shares of Common Stock represent beneficial ownership of approximately 4.99% of the Common Stock, based on (1) 14,031,144 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of July 17, 2025, as reported by the Issuer, plus (2) 4,672,895 shares of Common Stock issued at the closing of the transaction contemplated by the SPA, (3) 150,000 shares of Common Stock issued to Intracoastal upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 3, (4) 934,579 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 1 and (5) 55,649 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 3. The foregoing excludes (I) 22,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 2 because Intracoastal Warrant 2 contains a blocker provision under which the holder thereof does not have the right to exercise Intracoastal Warrant 2 to the extent (but only to the extent) that such exercise would result in beneficial ownership by the holder thereof, together with the holder's affiliates, and any other persons acting as a group together with the holder or any of the holder's affiliates, of more than 4.99% of the Common Stock and (II) 594,351 shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Intracoastal Warrant 3 because Intracoastal Warrant 3 contains a blocker provision under which the holder thereof does not have the right to exercise Intracoastal Warrant 3 to the extent (but only to the extent) that such exercise would result in beneficial ownership by the holder thereof, together with the holder's affiliates, and any other persons acting as a group together with the holder or any of the holder's affiliates, of more than 4.99% of the Common Stock. Without such blocker provisions, each of the Reporting Persons may have been deemed to have beneficial ownership of 1,606,579 shares of Common Stock. |