[10-Q] Kirby Corporation Quarterly Earnings Report

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Kirby Corporation (KEX) reported second-quarter 2025 results showing revenue of $855.5 million versus $824.4 million a year earlier and net earnings attributable to Kirby of $94.3 million versus $83.9 million in Q2 2024. Diluted earnings per share rose to $1.67 from $1.43, reflecting higher operating income and improved margins across both segments.

Operating cash flow for the six months fell to $130.5 million from $302.6 million due to working capital timing and higher inventories. Capital expenditures were $150.2 million for six months and the company completed a $97.3 million acquisition of 14 barges and four towboats. Long-term debt increased (carrying value ~$1.118 billion) and the debt-to-capitalization ratio rose to 24.8% from 20.7%. The company repurchased $132.7 million of common stock in the first six months.

Positive

• Net earnings growth: Net earnings attributable to Kirby increased to $94.3 million in Q2 2025 from $83.9 million in Q2 2024.
• EPS improvement: Diluted earnings per share rose to $1.67 from $1.43 year-over-year for the quarter.
• Operating margin expansion: KMT margin increased to 20.1% (Q2 2025 vs 19.6% Q2 2024) and KDS margin to 9.8% (vs 8.7%).
• Strategic asset acquisition: Purchased 14 inland tank barges and four high-horsepower towboats for $97.3 million to increase capacity.
• Share repurchases: Repurchased $132.7 million of common stock in the first six months, reducing outstanding shares.

Negative

• Operating cash flow decline: Net cash provided by operating activities fell to $130.5 million for six months ended June 30, 2025 from $302.6 million in 2024.
• Higher leverage: Long-term debt carrying value rose to approximately $1.118 billion and debt-to-capitalization increased to 24.8% from 20.7%.
• Working capital pressure: Trade receivables increased to $564.2 million and inventories rose to $426.3 million, contributing to cash conversion headwinds.
• Reliance on credit facility borrowings: Borrowings on bank credit facilities, net, totaled $243.2 million during the six months.
• Tax law change under review: Company is assessing the new One Big Beautiful Bill Act and expects to begin reflecting effects in Q3 2025.

Insights

Senior Financial Analyst

TL;DR: Stronger profits and margins contrast with sharply lower operating cash flow and higher leverage — mixed material impact.

Kirby delivered year-over-year revenue and profit growth in Q2 2025 with diluted EPS up roughly 17% sequentially versus Q2 2024, supported by higher term and spot pricing in marine transportation and improved KDS margins. However, operating cash flow for the first six months declined materially to $130.5 million from $302.6 million, driven by slower collections, timing of payables and higher inventories. These working capital dynamics, combined with meaningful borrowings under the revolving facility and a higher debt-to-capital ratio of 24.8%, materially affect near-term liquidity metrics despite available revolver capacity and short-term cash on hand. This filing is impactful for investors assessing cash conversion and leverage.

Treasury / Capital Structure Specialist

TL;DR: Increased use of revolver and higher net debt heighten leverage risk despite ample available capacity.

The company increased long-term debt carrying value to approximately $1.118 billion and reported net borrowings on its bank credit facilities of $243.2 million during the six months, contributing to a rise in the debt-to-capitalization ratio from 20.7% to 24.8%. While available borrowing capacity under the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility remains (~$255 million availability reported at 6/30/25 and $360 million available as of 8/8/25), the combination of significant treasury repurchases ($132.7 million), a $97.3 million equipment acquisition, and lower operating cash generation tightens free cash flow. The company is in compliance with covenants, but the shift in funding mix increases monitoring needs for liquidity and covenant exposure. Impact: negative to neutral on capital flexibility.

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

 Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025

or

 Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 1-7615

KIRBY CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada		74-1884980 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

55 Waugh Drive, Suite 1000 Houston, TX		77007
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

713-435-1000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

No Change

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	KEX	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulations S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer			Accelerated filer	
Non-accelerated filer			Smaller reporting company	
			Emerging growth company	

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes  No 

As of August 8, 2025, 55.8 million shares of the Registrant’s $0.10 par value per share common stock were outstanding.

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

KIRBY CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

		June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
		($ in thousands)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	68,383			$	74,444
Accounts receivable:
Trade – less allowance for doubtful accounts			564,233				489,857
Other			62,221				46,888
Inventories – net			426,265				393,898
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			63,931				63,472
Total current assets			1,185,033				1,068,559
Property and equipment			6,327,529				6,123,208
Accumulated depreciation			(2,192,479	)			(2,100,242	)
Property and equipment – net			4,135,050				4,022,966
Operating lease right-of-use assets			157,041				158,990
Goodwill			438,748				438,748
Other intangibles, net			33,123				34,406
Other assets			130,970				128,283
Total assets		$	6,079,965			$	5,851,952
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Bank notes payable		$	6,433			$	8,226
Income taxes payable			778				25,417
Accounts payable			250,055				251,354
Accrued liabilities			203,523				236,813
Current portion of operating lease liabilities			37,985				35,727
Deferred revenues			180,683				177,216
Total current liabilities			679,457				734,753
Long-term debt, net – less current portion			1,111,332				866,722
Deferred income taxes			747,060				739,472
Operating lease liabilities – less current portion			142,105				148,170
Other long-term liabilities			10,121				9,587
Total long-term liabilities			2,010,618				1,763,951
Contingencies and commitments			—				—
Equity:
Kirby stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.10 par value per share. Authorized 120 million shares, issued 65.5 million shares			6,547				6,547
Additional paid-in capital			867,143				868,763
Accumulated other comprehensive income – net			65,612				71,192
Retained earnings			3,148,635				2,978,372
Treasury stock – at cost, 9.4 million shares at June 30, 2025 and 8.2 million at December 31, 2024			(699,867	)			(573,061	)
Total Kirby stockholders’ equity			3,388,070				3,351,813
Noncontrolling interests			1,820				1,435
Total equity			3,389,890				3,353,248
Total liabilities and equity		$	6,079,965			$	5,851,952

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

2

KIRBY CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(Unaudited)

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
		($ in thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues:
Marine transportation		$	492,562			$	484,808			$	968,711			$	960,220
Distribution and services			362,893				339,582				672,403				672,192
Total revenues			855,455				824,390				1,641,114				1,632,412
Costs and expenses:
Costs of sales and operating expenses			563,238				554,232				1,075,574				1,104,913
Selling, general and administrative			85,846				80,383				181,133				170,589
Taxes, other than on income			10,542				10,310				19,372				18,354
Depreciation and amortization			65,670				59,482				129,400				117,124
Gain on disposition of assets			(1,687	)			(515	)			(1,757	)			(589	)
Total costs and expenses			723,609				703,892				1,403,722				1,410,391
Operating income			131,846				120,498				237,392				222,021
Other income			4,812				3,088				10,146				6,357
Interest expense			(12,730	)			(12,819	)			(23,267	)			(25,970	)
Earnings before taxes on income			123,928				110,767				224,271				202,408
Provision for taxes on income			(29,550	)			(26,785	)			(53,623	)			(48,511	)
Net earnings			94,378				83,982				170,648				153,897
Net (earnings) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests			(101	)			(128	)			(385	)			25
Net earnings attributable to Kirby		$	94,277			$	83,854			$	170,263			$	153,922
Net earnings per share attributable to Kirby common stockholders:
Basic		$	1.68			$	1.44			$	3.01			$	2.64
Diluted		$	1.67			$	1.43			$	2.99			$	2.62

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

3

KIRBY CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
		($ in thousands)
Net earnings		$	94,378			$	83,982			$	170,648			$	153,897
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Pension and postretirement benefits			(4,199	)			986				(6,066	)			591
Foreign currency translation adjustments			178				(473	)			486				(473	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes			(4,021	)			513				(5,580	)			118
Total comprehensive income, net of taxes			90,357				84,495				165,068				154,015
Net (earnings) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests			(101	)			(128	)			(385	)			25
Comprehensive income attributable to Kirby		$	90,256			$	84,367			$	164,683			$	154,040

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

4

KIRBY CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

		Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024
		($ in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net earnings		$	170,648			$	153,897
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operations:
Depreciation and amortization			129,400				117,124
Provision for deferred income taxes			9,617				23,926
Amortization of share-based compensation			11,147				9,399
Amortization of major maintenance costs			14,635				16,755
Other			178				915
Decrease in cash flows resulting from changes in operating assets and liabilities, net			(205,162	)			(19,409	)
Net cash provided by operating activities			130,463				302,607
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures			(150,160	)			(169,607	)
Acquisitions of businesses and marine equipment			(97,250	)			(65,232	)
Proceeds from disposition of assets			11,580				9,054
Other			(3,000	)			—
Net cash used in investing activities			(238,830	)			(225,785	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings on bank credit facilities, net			243,207				30,902
Payment of debt issuance costs			—				(3	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options			262				4,096
Payments related to tax withholding for share-based compensation			(5,957	)			(5,339	)
Treasury stock purchases			(132,673	)			(85,466	)
Other			(2,533	)			(49	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities			102,306				(55,859	)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents			(6,061	)			20,963
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year			74,444				32,577
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period		$	68,383			$	53,540
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period:
Interest paid		$	22,917			$	26,243
Income taxes paid, net		$	79,742			$	14,391
Operating cash outflow from operating leases		$	24,541			$	22,980
Non-cash investing activity:
Capital expenditures included in accounts payable		$	(410	)		$	(2,015	)
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations		$	13,704			$	21,045

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

5

KIRBY CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

													Accumulated
									Additional				Other
	Common Stock								Paid-in-				Comprehensive				Retained				Treasury Stock								Noncontrolling
	Shares				Amount				Capital				Income, Net				Earnings				Shares				Amount				Interests				Total
	(in thousands)
Balance at March 31, 2025		65,472			$	6,547			$	865,007			$	69,633			$	3,054,358				(9,104	)		$	(669,510	)		$	1,719			$	3,327,754
Issuance of stock for equity awards, net of forfeitures		—				—				(1,164	)			—				—				16				1,164				—				—
Tax withholdings on equity award vesting		—				—				—				—				—				—				(7	)			—				(7	)
Amortization of share-based compensation		—				—				3,300				—				—				—				—				—				3,300
Treasury stock purchases		—				—				—				—				—				(332	)			(31,200	)			—				(31,200	)
Excise taxes on treasury stock purchases		—				—				—				—				—				—				(314	)			—				(314	)
Total comprehensive income, net of taxes		—				—				—				(4,021	)			94,277				—				—				101				90,357
Balance at June 30, 2025		65,472			$	6,547			$	867,143			$	65,612			$	3,148,635				(9,420	)		$	(699,867	)		$	1,820			$	3,389,890

													Accumulated
									Additional				Other
	Common Stock								Paid-in-				Comprehensive				Retained				Treasury Stock								Noncontrolling
	Shares				Amount				Capital				Income, Net				Earnings				Shares				Amount				Interests				Total
	(in thousands)
Balance at March 31, 2024		65,472			$	6,547			$	859,150			$	34,611			$	2,761,733				(7,199	)		$	(446,393	)		$	1,093			$	3,216,741
Stock option exercises		—				—				1,115				—				—				35				1,470				—				2,585
Issuance of stock for equity awards, net of forfeitures		—				—				(998	)			—				—				17				998				—				—
Tax withholdings on equity award vesting		—				—				—				—				—				(1	)			(55	)			—				(55	)
Amortization of share-based compensation		—				—				2,991				—				—				—				—				—				2,991
Treasury stock purchases		—				—				—				—				—				(372	)			(43,679	)			—				(43,679	)
Excise taxes on treasury stock purchases		—				—				—				—				—				—				(400	)			—				(400	)
Total comprehensive income, net of taxes		—				—				—				513				83,854				—				—				128				84,495
Balance at June 30, 2024		65,472			$	6,547			$	862,258			$	35,124			$	2,845,587				(7,520	)		$	(488,059	)		$	1,221			$	3,262,678

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

6

KIRBY CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

									Additional				Accumulated Other
	Common Stock								Paid-in-				Comprehensive				Retained				Treasury Stock								Noncontrolling
	Shares				Amount				Capital				Income, Net				Earnings				Shares				Amount				Interests				Total
	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2024		65,472			$	6,547			$	868,763			$	71,192			$	2,978,372				(8,215	)		$	(573,061	)		$	1,435			$	3,353,248
Stock option exercises		—				—				27				—				—				4				235				—				262
Issuance of stock for equity awards, net of forfeitures		—				—				(12,794	)			—				—				181				12,794				—				—
Tax withholdings on equity award vesting		—				—				—				—				—				(55	)			(5,957	)			—				(5,957	)
Amortization of share-based compensation		—				—				11,147				—				—				—				—				—				11,147
Treasury stock purchases		—				—				—				—				—				(1,335	)			(132,673	)			—				(132,673	)
Excise taxes on treasury stock purchases		—				—				—				—				—				—				(1,205	)			—				(1,205	)
Total comprehensive income, net of taxes		—				—				—				(5,580	)			170,263				—				—				385				165,068
Balance at June 30, 2025		65,472			$	6,547			$	867,143			$	65,612			$	3,148,635				(9,420	)		$	(699,867	)		$	1,820			$	3,389,890

									Additional				Accumulated Other
	Common Stock								Paid-in-				Comprehensive				Retained				Treasury Stock								Noncontrolling
	Shares				Amount				Capital				Income, Net				Earnings				Shares				Amount				Interests				Total
	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023		65,472			$	6,547			$	863,963			$	35,006			$	2,691,665				(6,843	)		$	(411,750	)		$	1,246			$	3,186,677
Stock option exercises		—				—				1,434				—				—				54				2,662				—				4,096
Issuance of stock for equity awards, net of forfeitures		—				—				(12,538	)			—				—				207				12,538				—				—
Tax withholdings on equity award vesting		—				—				—				—				—				(67	)			(5,339	)			—				(5,339	)
Amortization of share-based compensation		—				—				9,399				—				—				—				—				—				9,399
Treasury stock purchases		—				—				—				—				—				(871	)			(85,466	)			—				(85,466	)
Excise taxes on treasury stock purchases		—				—				—				—				—				—				(704	)			—				(704	)
Total comprehensive income, net of taxes		—				—				—				118				153,922				—				—				(25	)			154,015
Balance at June 30, 2024		65,472			$	6,547			$	862,258			$	35,124			$	2,845,587				(7,520	)		$	(488,059	)		$	1,221			$	3,262,678

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

7

KIRBY CORPORATION AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

(1) Basis for Preparation of the Condensed Financial Statements

The condensed financial statements included herein have been prepared by Kirby Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries (“Kirby” or the “Company”), without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information and footnote disclosures, including significant accounting policies normally included in annual financial statements, have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. It is suggested that these condensed financial statements be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Certain reclassifications have been made to reflect the current presentation of financial information.

(2) Acquisitions

On March 27, 2025, the Company purchased 14 inland tank barges with a total capacity of 364,000 barrels, including four specialty barges, and four high horsepower towboats from an undisclosed seller for $97.3 million in cash. The 14 tank barges, including four specialty barges, transport petrochemicals and refined products on the Mississippi River System and Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. The average age of the 14 barges was 16 years.

On December 31, 2024, the Company purchased an inland tank barge from a leasing company for $2.7 million in cash. The Company had been leasing the barge prior to purchase.

On December 30, 2024, the Company purchased three inland tank barges from an undisclosed seller for $9.9 million in cash.

On May 15, 2024, the Company completed the purchase of 13 inland tank barges, with a total capacity of 347,000 barrels, and two high horsepower towboats from an undisclosed seller for $65.2 million in cash. The 13 tank barges, including three specialty barges, transport petrochemicals and refined products on the Mississippi River System and Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. The average age of the 13 barges was 15 years.

(3) Revenues

The following table sets forth the Company’s revenues by major source (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Marine transportation segment:
Inland transportation		$	397,141			$	391,835			$	789,640			$	777,842
Coastal transportation			95,421				92,973				179,071				182,378
		$	492,562			$	484,808			$	968,711			$	960,220
Distribution and services segment:
Commercial and industrial		$	173,606			$	165,658			$	333,834			$	308,282
Power generation			140,739				107,783				245,241				243,452
Oil and gas			48,548				66,141				93,328				120,458
		$	362,893			$	339,582			$	672,403			$	672,192

Contract liabilities represent advance consideration received from customers, and are recognized as revenue over time or at a point in time as the related performance obligation is satisfied. Revenues recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 that were included in the opening contract liability balances were $94.7 million and $81.5 million, respectively. The Company presents all contract liabilities within the deferred revenues financial statement caption on the balance sheets. The Company did not have any contract assets as of June 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

8

(4) Segment Data

The Company’s operations are aggregated into two reportable business segments as follows:

Marine Transportation Segment (“KMT”) — Provides marine transportation by United States flagged vessels principally of liquid cargoes throughout the United States inland waterway system, along all three United States coasts, and to a lesser extent, in United States coastal transportation of dry-bulk cargoes. The principal products transported include petrochemicals, black oil, refined petroleum products and agricultural chemicals.

Distribution and Services Segment (“KDS”) — Provides after-market services and genuine replacement parts for engines, transmissions, reduction gears, electric motors, drives, and controls, specialized electrical distribution and control systems, and related equipment used in oilfield services, marine, power generation, on-highway, and other industrial applications. The Company also rents equipment including generators, industrial compressors, high-capacity lift trucks, construction equipment and refrigeration trailers for use in a variety of industrial markets. The Company also manufactures and remanufactures specialized equipment, including pressure pumping units, electric power generation equipment, and specialized electrical distribution and control equipment for oilfield service, railroad and other industrial customers.

The Company’s two reportable business segments are managed separately by the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), its Chief Executive Officer, based on fundamental differences in their operations. The Company’s accounting policies for the business segments are the same as those described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The CODM evaluates the performance of the Company’s segments based on the contributions to operating income of the respective segments, and before income taxes, interest, gains or losses on disposition of assets, other nonoperating income, noncontrolling interests, accounting changes, and nonrecurring items. The CODM uses segment operating income to allocate resources for each segment during the annual budget and forecasting process. The CODM considers budget-to-actual variances on a monthly basis for segment operating income when making decisions about allocating capital and personnel to the segments. The CODM also uses segment operating income to assess the performance for each segment by comparing the results and return on invested capital of each segment. Intersegment revenues, based on market-based pricing, of KDS from KMT of $11.3 million and $22.5 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, and $7.5 million and $14.1 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, as well as the related intersegment profit of $1.1 million and $2.2 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, and $0.7 million and $1.4 million for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, have been eliminated from the tables below.

The following tables set forth the Company’s revenues, depreciation and amortization, and income or loss by reportable segment and total assets (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2025												2024
	KMT				KDS				Total				KMT				KDS				Total
Revenue from external customers	$	492,562			$	362,893			$	855,455			$	484,808			$	339,582			$	824,390
Less:
Costs of sales and operating expenses		298,789				264,331				563,120				299,975				253,742				553,717
Administrative payroll expense		18,378				23,206				41,584				17,743				21,454				39,197
Taxes, other than on income		8,124				2,391				10,515				8,383				1,900				10,283
Depreciation and amortization		53,182				10,682				63,864				49,047				8,585				57,632
Other segment items (a)		15,037				26,848				41,885				14,784				24,465				39,249
Segment operating income	$	99,052			$	35,435			$	134,487			$	94,876			$	29,436			$	124,312
Reconciliation of segment operating income
Unallocated amounts:
General corporate expenses										(4,328	)											(4,329	)
Gain on disposition of assets										1,687												515
Operating income									$	131,846											$	120,498
Other income										4,812												3,088
Interest expense										(12,730	)											(12,819	)
Earnings before taxes on income									$	123,928											$	110,767

9

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025												2024
	KMT				KDS				Total				KMT				KDS				Total
Revenue from external customers	$	968,711			$	672,403			$	1,641,114			$	960,220			$	672,192			$	1,632,412
Less:
Costs of sales and operating expenses		589,776				486,559				1,076,335				601,237				503,145				1,104,382
Administrative payroll expense		39,608				48,142				87,750				39,276				45,107				84,383
Taxes, other than on income		14,576				4,744				19,320				14,580				3,728				18,308
Depreciation and amortization		104,854				21,001				125,855				96,896				16,429				113,325
Other segment items (a)		34,261				53,931				88,192				30,372				52,333				82,705
Segment operating income	$	185,636			$	58,026			$	243,662			$	177,859			$	51,450			$	229,309
Reconciliation of segment operating income
Unallocated amounts:
General corporate expenses										(8,027	)											(7,877	)
Gain on disposition of assets										1,757												589
Operating income									$	237,392											$	222,021
Other income										10,146												6,357
Interest expense										(23,267	)											(25,970	)
Earnings before taxes on income									$	224,271											$	202,408

(a)Other segment items for each reportable segment includes:

KMT – selling expense, professional service expense, occupancy expense, and certain overhead expenses.

KDS – inventory-related expense, warranty expense, selling expense, professional service expense, occupancy expense, and certain overhead expenses.

		June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
Total assets:
Marine transportation		$	4,703,152			$	4,578,616
Distribution and services			1,212,371				1,115,781
Other			164,442				157,555
		$	6,079,965			$	5,851,952

The following table presents the details of “Other” total assets (in thousands):

		June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
General corporate assets		$	161,505			$	154,655
Investment in affiliates			2,937				2,900
		$	164,442			$	157,555

(5) Long-Term Debt

The following table presents the carrying value and fair value (determined using inputs characteristic of a Level 2 fair value measurement) of debt outstanding (in thousands):

		June 30, 2025								December 31, 2024
		Carrying Value				Fair Value				Carrying Value				Fair Value
Revolving Credit Facility due July 29, 2027 (a)		$	245,000			$	245,000			$	—			$	—
Term Loan due July 29, 2027 (a)			70,000				70,000				70,000				70,000
4.2% senior notes due March 1, 2028			500,000				502,539				500,000				491,923
3.46% senior notes due January 19, 2033			60,000				54,459				60,000				52,956
3.51% senior notes due January 19, 2033			240,000				218,629				240,000				212,650
Credit line due June 30, 2026			—				—				—				—
Bank notes payable			6,433				6,433				8,226				8,226
			1,121,433				1,097,060				878,226				835,755
Unamortized debt discounts and issuance costs			(3,668	)			—				(3,278	)			—
		$	1,117,765			$	1,097,060			$	874,948			$	835,755

(a)Variable interest rate of 5.6% at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

10

On July 29, 2022, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “2027 Credit Agreement”) with a group of commercial banks, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as the administrative agent bank that allows for a $500 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the “2027 Revolving Credit Facility”) and a $250 million unsecured term loan (the “2027 Term Loan”) with a maturity date of July 29, 2027. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company repaid $80 million under the 2027 Term Loan prior to scheduled maturities. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company repaid $100 million under the 2027 Term Loan prior to scheduled maturities. As a result, no repayments are required until March 31, 2027. Future repayments under the 2027 Term Loan are excluded from short term liabilities because the Company intends to use availability under the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility to repay these amounts upon maturity. Outstanding letters of credit under the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility were $6,000 and available borrowing capacity was $255.0 million as of June 30, 2025.

On February 3, 2022, the Company entered into a note purchase agreement for the issuance of $300 million of unsecured senior notes with a group of institutional investors, consisting of $60 million of 3.46% series A notes (“Series A Notes”) and $240 million of 3.51% series B notes (“Series B Notes”), each due January 19, 2033 (collectively, the “2033 Notes”). The Series A Notes were issued on October 20, 2022, and the Series B Notes were issued on January 19, 2023. No principal payments will be required until maturity.

The Company has a $15 million line of credit (“Credit Line”) with Bank of America, N.A. (“Bank of America”) for short-term liquidity needs and letters of credit, with a maturity date of June 30, 2026. Outstanding letters of credit under the Credit Line were $6.8 million and available borrowing capacity was $8.2 million as of June 30, 2025.

(6) Leases

The Company currently leases various facilities and equipment under cancelable and noncancelable operating leases. The accounting for the Company’s leases may require judgments, which include determining whether a contract contains a lease, allocating the consideration between lease and non-lease components, and determining the incremental borrowing rates. Leases with an initial noncancelable term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet and related lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has also elected to combine lease and non-lease components on all classes of leased assets, except for leased towing vessels, for which the Company estimates approximately 70% of the costs relate to service costs and other non-lease components. Variable lease costs relate primarily to real estate executory costs (i.e. taxes, insurance and maintenance).

Future minimum lease payments under operating leases that have initial noncancelable lease terms in excess of one year were as follows (in thousands):

		June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
2025		$	23,184			$	42,202
2026			41,987				38,115
2027			32,511				30,263
2028			24,561				22,860
2029			14,200				12,483
Thereafter			79,452				76,621
Total lease payments			215,895				222,544
Less: imputed interest			(35,805	)			(38,647	)
Operating lease liabilities		$	180,090			$	183,897

The following table summarizes lease costs (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Operating lease cost		$	11,958			$	11,599			$	23,943			$	22,880
Variable lease cost			(309	)			578				(324	)			1,071
Short-term lease cost			11,013				8,809				21,688				18,988
Sublease income			(1,011	)			(830	)			(1,871	)			(1,684	)
		$	21,651			$	20,156			$	43,436			$	41,255

The following table summarizes other supplemental information about the Company’s operating leases:

		June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
Weighted average discount rate			4.6	%			4.6	%
Weighted average remaining lease term		8 years				8 years

11

(7) Stock Award Plans

The compensation cost that has been charged against earnings for the Company’s stock award plans and the income tax benefit recognized in the statement of earnings for stock awards were as follows (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Compensation cost		$	3,300			$	2,991			$	11,147			$	9,399
Income tax benefit		$	781			$	737			$	2,664			$	2,256

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company granted 131,190 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to selected officers and other key employees under the employee stock award plan that vest ratably over five years. During May 2025, the Company granted 15,384 shares of restricted stock to nonemployee directors of the Company under the director stock plan which vest six months after the date of grant.

(8) Taxes on Income

Earnings (loss) before taxes on income and details of the provision (benefit) for taxes on income were as follows (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Earnings (loss) before taxes on income:
United States		$	124,387			$	111,091			$	224,961			$	202,745
Foreign			(459	)			(324	)			(690	)			(337	)
		$	123,928			$	110,767			$	224,271			$	202,408
Provision (benefit) for taxes on income:
Federal:
Current		$	19,642			$	9,337			$	37,808			$	19,956
Deferred			6,939				14,196				8,484				22,278
State and local:
Current			2,861				2,935				6,198				4,557
Deferred			108				319				1,133				1,648
Foreign - current			—				(2	)			—				72
		$	29,550			$	26,785			$	53,623			$	48,511

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) was signed into law. This legislation includes changes to U.S. federal tax law, which may be subject to further clarification and the issuance of interpretive guidance. The Company is assessing the legislation and its effect on its consolidated financial statements, which it expects to begin reflecting in the three months ended September 30, 2025.

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(9) Earnings Per Share

The following table presents the components of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Net earnings attributable to Kirby		$	94,277			$	83,854			$	170,263			$	153,922
Undistributed earnings allocated to restricted shares			(17	)			(13	)			(15	)			(13	)
Earnings available to Kirby common stockholders – basic			94,260				83,841				170,248				153,909
Undistributed earnings allocated to restricted shares			17				13				15				13
Undistributed earnings reallocated to restricted shares			(17	)			(13	)			(15	)			(13	)
Earnings available to Kirby common stockholders – diluted		$	94,260			$	83,841			$	170,248			$	153,909
Shares outstanding:
Weighted average common stock issued and outstanding			56,115				58,190				56,525				58,329
Weighted average unvested restricted stock			(10	)			(9	)			(5	)			(5	)
Weighted average common stock outstanding – basic			56,105				58,181				56,520				58,324
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units			332				411				349				379
Weighted average common stock outstanding – diluted			56,437				58,592				56,869				58,703
Net earnings per share attributable to Kirby common stockholders:
Basic		$	1.68			$	1.44			$	3.01			$	2.64
Diluted		$	1.67			$	1.43			$	2.99			$	2.62

There were no antidilutive stock options as of June 30, 2025 and 2024. There were no antidilutive RSUs as of June 30, 2025 and 2024.

(10) Inventories

The following table presents the details of inventories – net (in thousands):

		June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
Finished goods		$	334,196			$	328,540
Work in process			92,069				65,358
		$	426,265			$	393,898

(11) Retirement Plans

The Company sponsors a defined benefit plan for certain of its inland vessel personnel and shore based tankermen. The plan benefits are based on an employee’s years of service and compensation. The plan assets consist primarily of equity and fixed income securities.

On April 12, 2017, the Company amended its pension plan to cease all benefit accruals for periods after May 31, 2017 for certain participants. Participants grandfathered and not impacted were those, as of the close of business on May 31, 2017, who either (a) had completed 15 years of pension service or (b) had attained age 50 and completed 10 years of pension service. Participants non-grandfathered are eligible to receive discretionary 401(k) plan contributions.

The Company’s pension plan funding strategy is to make annual contributions in amounts equal to or greater than amounts necessary to meet minimum government funding requirements. The plan’s benefit obligations are based on a variety of demographic and economic assumptions, and the pension plan assets’ returns are subject to various risks, including market and interest rate risk, making an accurate prediction of the pension plan contribution difficult. Based on current pension plan assets and market conditions, the Company does not expect to make a contribution to the Kirby pension plan during 2025.

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On February 14, 2018, with the acquisition of Higman Marine, Inc. and its affiliated companies (“Higman”), the Company assumed Higman’s pension plan for its inland vessel personnel and office staff. On March 27, 2018, the Company amended the Higman pension plan to close it to all new entrants and cease all benefit accruals for periods after May 15, 2018 for all participants. The Company made contributions of $0.5 million to the Higman pension plan during the six months ended June 30, 2025. The Company expects to make additional contributions of $0.7 million during the remainder of 2025.

The Company sponsors an unfunded defined benefit health care plan that provides limited postretirement medical benefits to employees who meet minimum age and service requirements, and to eligible dependents. The plan is contributory, with retiree contributions adjusted annually. The plan eliminated coverage for future retirees as of December 31, 2011. The Company also has an unfunded defined benefit supplemental executive retirement plan (“SERP”) that was assumed in an acquisition in 1999. That plan ceased to accrue additional benefits effective January 1, 2000.

The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s defined benefit plans were as follows (in thousands):

		Pension Benefits
		Pension Plans								SERP
		Three Months Ended June 30,								Three Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost		$	878			$	823			$	—			$	—
Interest cost			4,608				4,267				10				9
Expected return on plan assets			(6,812	)			(6,224	)			—				—
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss			(2,067	)			(692	)			7				8
Net periodic benefit cost		$	(3,393	)		$	(1,826	)		$	17			$	17

		Pension Benefits
		Pension Plans								SERP
		Six Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost		$	1,483			$	1,697			$	—			$	—
Interest cost			9,095				8,590				20				19
Expected return on plan assets			(13,621	)			(12,442	)			—				—
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss			(4,501	)			(1,165	)			14				16
Net periodic benefit cost		$	(7,544	)		$	(3,320	)		$	34			$	35

The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s postretirement benefit plan were as follows (in thousands):

		Other Postretirement Benefits
		Postretirement Welfare Plan
		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Interest cost		$	6			$	5			$	11			$	10
Amortization of actuarial gain			(66	)			(70	)			(131	)			(140	)
Net periodic benefit cost		$	(60	)		$	(65	)		$	(120	)		$	(130	)

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(12) Other Comprehensive Income

The Company’s changes in other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows (in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,
		2025												2024
		Gross Amount				Income Tax Benefit				Net Amount				Gross Amount				Income Tax (Provision) Benefit				Net Amount
Pension and postretirement benefits (a):
Amortization of net actuarial gain		$	(2,126	)		$	533			$	(1,593	)		$	(754	)		$	189			$	(565	)
Actuarial gains (losses)			(3,477	)			871				(2,606	)			2,069				(518	)			1,551
Foreign currency translation			178				—				178				(473	)			—				(473	)
Total		$	(5,425	)		$	1,404			$	(4,021	)		$	842			$	(329	)		$	513

		Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025												2024
		Gross Amount				Income Tax Benefit				Net Amount				Gross Amount				Income Tax (Provision) Benefit				Net Amount
Pension and postretirement benefits (a):
Amortization of net actuarial gain		$	(4,618	)		$	1,158			$	(3,460	)		$	(1,289	)		$	329			$	(960	)
Actuarial gains (losses)			(3,477	)			871				(2,606	)			2,069				(518	)			1,551
Foreign currency translation			486				—				486				(473	)			—				(473	)
Total		$	(7,609	)		$	2,029			$	(5,580	)		$	307			$	(189	)		$	118

(a) Actuarial gains (losses) are amortized into other income (expense). (See Note 11, Retirement Plans)

(13) Contingencies and Commitments

On October 13, 2016, the tug Nathan E. Stewart and barge DBL 55, an articulated tank barge and tugboat unit (“ATB”) owned and operated by Kirby Offshore Marine, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, ran aground at the entrance to Seaforth Channel on Atholone Island, British Columbia. The grounding resulted in a breach of a portion of the Nathan E. Stewart’s fuel tanks causing a discharge of diesel fuel into the water. The United States Coast Guard and the National Transportation Safety Board designated the Company as a party of interest in their investigation as to the cause of the incident. The Canadian authorities including Transport Canada and the Canadian Transportation Safety Board investigated the cause of the incident. On October 10, 2018, the Heiltsuk First Nation filed a civil action in the British Columbia Supreme Court against a subsidiary of the Company, the master and pilot of the tug, the vessels and the Canadian government seeking unquantified damages as a result of the incident. On May 1, 2019, the Company filed a limitation action in the Federal Court of Canada seeking limitation of liability relating to the incident as provided under admiralty law. The Heiltsuk First Nation’s civil claim has been consolidated into the Federal Court limitation action as of July 26, 2019 and it is expected that the Federal Court of Canada will decide all claims against the Company. The Company is unable to estimate the potential exposure in the civil proceeding. The Company has various insurance policies covering liabilities including pollution, property, marine and general liability and believes that it has satisfactory insurance coverage for the cost of cleanup and salvage operations as well as other potential liabilities arising from the incident. The Company believes its accrual of such estimated liability is adequate for the incident and does not expect the incident to have a material adverse effect on its business or financial condition.

In addition, the Company is involved in various legal and other proceedings which are incidental to the conduct of its business, none of which in the opinion of management will have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Management believes its accrual of such estimated liability is adequate and believes that it has adequate insurance coverage or has meritorious defenses for these other claims and contingencies.

The Company has issued guaranties or obtained standby letters of credit and performance bonds supporting performance by the Company and its subsidiaries of contractual or contingent legal obligations of the Company and its subsidiaries incurred in the ordinary course of business. The aggregate notional value of these instruments is $27.4 million at June 30, 2025, including $11.6 million in letters of credit and $15.8 million in performance bonds. All of these instruments have an expiration date within two years. The Company does not believe demand for payment under these instruments is likely and expects no material cash outlays to occur regarding these instruments.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Statements contained in this Form 10-Q that are not historical facts, including, but not limited to, any projections contained herein, are forward-looking statements and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Such statements involve risks and uncertainties. Such statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” or “continue,” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology. The actual results of the future events described in such forward-looking statements in this Form 10-Q could differ materially from those stated in such forward-looking statements. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are: adverse economic conditions, industry competition and other competitive factors, adverse weather conditions such as high water, low water, tropical storms, hurricanes, tsunamis, fog and ice, tornados, COVID-19 or other pandemics, marine accidents, lock delays or closures, fuel costs, interest rates, construction of new equipment by competitors, government and environmental laws and regulations, and the timing, magnitude and number of acquisitions made by the Company. For a more detailed discussion of factors that could cause actual results to differ from those presented in forward-looking statements, see Item 1A-Risk Factors found in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and the Company assumes no obligation to update any such statements. For purposes of Management’s Discussion, all net earnings per share attributable to Kirby common stockholders are “diluted earnings per share.”

Overview

The Company is the nation’s largest domestic tank barge operator transporting bulk liquid products throughout the Mississippi River System, on the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, and coastwise along all three United States coasts. The Company transports petrochemicals, black oil, refined petroleum products and agricultural chemicals by tank barge. In addition, the Company participates in the transportation of dry-bulk commodities in United States coastwise trade. Through KDS, the Company provides after-market services and genuine replacement parts for engines, transmissions, reduction gears, electric motors, drives, and controls, specialized electrical distribution and control systems, and related equipment used in oilfield services, marine, power generation, on-highway, and other industrial applications. The Company also rents equipment including generators, industrial compressors, high-capacity lift trucks, construction equipment and refrigeration trailers for use in a variety of industrial markets. The Company also manufactures and remanufactures specialized equipment, including pressure pumping units, electric power generation equipment, and specialized electrical distribution and control equipment for oilfield service, railroad and other industrial customers.

The following table summarizes key operating results of the Company (in thousands, except per share amounts):

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Total revenues		$	855,455			$	824,390			$	1,641,114			$	1,632,412
Net earnings attributable to Kirby		$	94,277			$	83,854			$	170,263			$	153,922
Net earnings per share attributable to Kirby common stockholders – diluted		$	1.67			$	1.43			$	2.99			$	2.62
Net cash provided by operating activities										$	130,463			$	302,607
Capital expenditures										$	150,160			$	169,607

Cash provided by operating activities for the 2025 first six months decreased in comparison to the 2024 first six months primarily due to unfavorable working capital changes driven by the timing of accounts receivable collections, accounts payable payments and federal income tax payments, as well as an increase in inventories in the first half of 2025, partially offset by increased net earnings. The increase in inventories was due to the impact of higher business activity levels and supply delays in KDS resulting in the buildup of inventory for projects, mainly due to power generation orders, which are scheduled to be delivered later in 2025 and into 2026. For the 2025 first six months, capital expenditures of $150.2 million included $126.3 million in KMT and $23.9 million in KDS and corporate, each more fully described under Cash Flow and Capital Expenditures below.

The Company projects that capital expenditures for 2025 will be in the $260 million to $290 million range. Approximately $180 million to $210 million is associated with marine maintenance capital and improvements to existing inland and coastal marine equipment, and facility improvements. Approximately $80 million is associated with growth capital spending in both segments.

The Company’s debt-to-capitalization ratio increased to 24.8% at June 30, 2025 compared to 20.7% at December 31, 2024, primarily due to an increase in debt outstanding. Total equity at June 30, 2025 increased as compared to December 31, 2024 primarily from net earnings attributable to Kirby of $170.3 million, partially offset by treasury stock purchases of $132.7 million. The Company’s debt outstanding as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is detailed in Long-Term Financing below.

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Marine Transportation

For the 2025 second quarter and first six months, KMT generated 58% and 59%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues compared to 59% for both the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The segment’s customers include many of the major petrochemical and refining companies that operate in the United States. Products transported include intermediate materials used to produce many of the end products used widely by businesses and consumers — plastics, fiber, paints, detergents, oil additives and paper, among others, as well as residual fuel oil, ship bunkers, asphalt, gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil, crude oil, natural gas condensate, and agricultural chemicals. Consequently, KMT is directly affected by the volumes produced by the Company’s petroleum, petrochemical, and refining customer base.

The following table summarizes the Company’s marine transportation fleet:

		June 30,
		2025				2024
Inland tank barges:
Owned			1,073				1,059
Leased			36				34
Total			1,109				1,093
Barrel capacity (in millions)			24.5				24.2
Active inland towboats (quarter average):
Owned			215				213
Chartered			75				74
Total			290				287
Coastal tank barges:
Owned			28				28
Leased			-				-
Total			28				28
Barrel capacity (in millions)			2.9				2.9
Coastal tugboats:
Owned			23				24
Chartered			1				1
Total			24				25
Offshore dry-bulk cargo barges (owned)			3				4
Offshore tugboats and docking tugboat (owned and chartered)			4				4

The Company also owns shifting operations and fleeting facilities for dry cargo barges and tank barges in the Houston Ship Channel and in Freeport and Port Arthur, Texas, and Lake Charles, Louisiana and a shipyard for building towboats and performing routine maintenance near the Houston Ship Channel. Furthermore, the Company owns a two-thirds interest in Osprey Line, L.L.C., which transports project cargoes and cargo containers by barge.

During the 2025 first six months, the Company purchased 14 inland tank barges, chartered four inland tank barges, and retired three inland tank barges, increasing its capacity by approximately 0.3 million barrels.

KMT revenues for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 2% and 1%, respectively, and operating income increased 4% compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The increase in revenues in the 2025 second quarter and first six months as compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months were due to higher term and spot market pricing in the inland and coastal markets, partially offset by lower fuel rebills in both markets. The increase in operating income for the 2025 second quarter and first six months was primarily due to higher term and spot pricing in the inland and coastal markets. The 2025 and 2024 first quarters were impacted by poor operating conditions including seasonal wind and fog along the Gulf Coast and various lock closures. For the 2025 second quarter and first six months, the inland tank barge fleet contributed 81% and 82%, respectively, and the coastal fleet contributed 19% and 18% of KMT revenues, respectively. For both the 2024 second quarter and first six months, the inland tank barge fleet contributed 81% and the coastal fleet contributed 19% of KMT revenues.

Inland tank barge utilization levels averaged in the low to mid-90% range during the 2025 and 2024 first and second quarters. The 2025 and 2024 first quarters were impacted by high winds and heavy fog along the Gulf Coast and lock delays. Coastal tank barge utilization levels averaged in the mid to high 90% range during the 2025 and 2024 first and second quarters.

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During both the 2025 second quarter and first six months, approximately 70% of KMT inland revenues were under term contracts and 30% were spot contract revenues. During both the 2024 second quarter and first six months, approximately 65% of KMT inland revenues were under term contracts and 35% were spot contract revenues. Inland time charters during both the 2025 second quarter and first six months represented approximately 60% of inland revenues under term contracts compared with 59% and 60% in the 2024 second quarter and first six months, respectively. During both the 2025 second quarter and first six months, approximately 100% of KMT coastal revenues were under term contracts and none were under spot contracts. During the 2024 second quarter and first six months, approximately 100% and 98%, respectively, of KMT coastal revenues were under term contracts and none and 2%, respectively, were under spot contracts. Coastal time charters represented approximately 100% of coastal revenues under term contracts during both the 2025 second quarter and first six months compared to 97% during both the 2024 second quarter and first six months. Term contracts have contract terms of 12 months or longer, while spot contracts have contract terms of less than 12 months.

The following table summarizes the average range of pricing changes in term and spot contracts renewed during 2025 compared to contracts renewed during the corresponding quarter of 2024:

		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2025		June 30, 2025
Inland market:
Term increase		3% – 5%		2% – 4%
Spot increase		6% – 8%		6% – 8%
Coastal market (a):
Term increase		24% – 26%		24% – 26%

(a)Term contract pricing in the coastal market is contingent on various factors including geographic location, vessel capacity, vessel type, and product serviced.

Effective January 1, 2025, annual escalators for labor and the producer price index on a number of inland multi-year contracts resulted in rate increases on those contracts in the 3% to 5% range, excluding fuel.

KMT operating margin was 20.1% and 19.2% for the 2025 second quarter and first six months, respectively, compared to 19.6% and 18.5% for the 2024 second quarter and first six months, respectively.

Distribution and Services

The Company, through KDS, provides after-market services and genuine replacement parts for engines, transmissions, reduction gears, electric motors, drives, and controls, specialized electrical distribution and control systems, and related equipment used in oilfield services, marine, power generation, on-highway, and other industrial applications. The Company also rents equipment including generators, industrial compressors, high-capacity lift trucks, construction equipment and refrigeration trailers for use in a variety of industrial markets. The Company also manufactures and remanufactures specialized equipment, including pressure pumping units, electric power generation equipment, and specialized electrical distribution and control equipment for oilfield service, railroad and other industrial customers.

For the 2025 second quarter and first six months, KDS generated 42% and 41% of the Company’s revenues, respectively, of which 86% and 87%, respectively, were generated from service and parts and 14% and 13%, respectively, from manufacturing. The results of KDS are largely influenced by the economic cycles of the oil and gas, marine, power generation, on-highway, and other related industrial markets.

KDS revenues for the 2025 second quarter increased 7% compared with the 2024 second quarter. KDS revenues for the 2025 first six months were flat compared with the 2024 first six months. KDS operating income for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 20% and 13%, respectively, compared with the 2024 second quarter and first six months. In the commercial and industrial market, revenues and operating income increased compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months due to higher business levels in marine repair. For the 2025 second quarter and first six months, the commercial and industrial market contributed 48% and 50% of KDS revenues, respectively.

In the power generation market, revenues increased compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months due to increased demand for backup and critical power applications, while operating income decreased due to sales mix. For the 2025 second quarter and first six months, the power generation market contributed 39% and 36% of KDS revenues, respectively.

In the oil and gas market, revenues decreased compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months, impacted by lower levels of conventional oilfield activity which resulted in decreased demand for new transmissions and parts, partially offset by deliveries of electric fracturing equipment. Operating income in the oil and gas market increased compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six

18

months due to product mix and ongoing cost management initiatives. For the 2025 second quarter and first six months, the oil and gas market contributed 13% and 14% of KDS revenues, respectively.

KDS operating margin was 9.8% and 8.6% for the 2025 second quarter and first six months, respectively, compared to 8.7% and 7.7% for the 2024 second quarter and first six months, respectively.

Outlook

Overall, the Company expects to deliver improved financial results in 2025. In KMT, barge utilization and customer demand remain favorable and rates continue to increase. In KDS, growth in the power generation market is expected to offset softness in oil and gas markets, and the on-highway service and repair business due to the ongoing trucking recession. The Company remains mindful of the ever-changing economic landscape related to the possible impact of high interest rates, tariffs and possible recessionary headwinds as it moves through 2025.

In the inland marine transportation market in 2025, the Company anticipates positive market dynamics due to limited new barge construction. The Company expects barge utilization rates to remain steady for the remainder of the year. Also, the Company continues to see inflationary pressures and there remains an acute mariner shortage in the industry which continues to drive up labor costs. These pressures, along with the increasing cost of equipment, should continue to put upward pressure on term contract prices. In the near term, however, spot market pricing could be pressured due to short-term demand softness. In the coastal marine transportation market in 2025, market conditions remain very favorable with steady customer demand. This is expected to keep barge utilization at high levels with improved rates as the availability of equipment is limited across the industry given there are currently no new ATBs under construction.

The Company expects mixed results in KDS in 2025 as near-term volatility from supply issues, customers deferring maintenance, and lower overall levels of activity in the oil and gas market to be offset by increased orders in the power generation market. In commercial and industrial, the demand outlook in marine repair remains steady while on-highway service and repair remains soft but has shown some recent modest improvement. In power generation, the Company anticipates continued strong growth in orders as data center demand and the need for backup power continues to be strong. In oil and gas, the Company expects revenues to be down as the transition from conventional diesel hydraulic fracturing to electric hydraulic fracturing continues to take place. The Company anticipates extended lead times and supply delays for certain original equipment manufacturer products to continue throughout 2025.

Acquisitions

On March 27, 2025, the Company purchased 14 inland tank barges with a total capacity of 364,000 barrels, including four specialty barges, and four high horsepower towboats from an undisclosed seller for $97.3 million in cash. The 14 tank barges, including four specialty barges, transport petrochemicals and refined products on the Mississippi River System and Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. The average age of the 14 barges was 16 years.

On December 31, 2024, the Company purchased an inland tank barge from a leasing company for $2.7 million in cash. The Company had been leasing the barge prior to purchase.

On December 30, 2024, the Company purchased three inland tank barges from an undisclosed seller for $9.9 million in cash.

On May 15, 2024, the Company completed the purchase of 13 inland tank barges, with a total capacity of 347,000 barrels, and two high horsepower towboats from an undisclosed seller for $65.2 million in cash. The 13 tank barges, including three specialty barges, transport petrochemicals and refined products on the Mississippi River System and Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. The average age of the 13 barges was 15 years.

Financing of these purchases was through borrowings under the Company’s 2027 Revolving Credit Facility and cash provided by operating activities.

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth the Company’s KMT and KDS revenues and the percentage of each to total revenues (dollars in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,																Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				%				2024				%				2025				%				2024				%
Marine transportation		$	492,562				58	%		$	484,808				59	%		$	968,711				59	%		$	960,220				59	%
Distribution and services			362,893				42				339,582				41				672,403				41				672,192				41
		$	855,455				100	%		$	824,390				100	%		$	1,641,114				100	%		$	1,632,412				100	%

Marine Transportation

The following table sets forth KMT revenues, costs and expenses, operating income, and operating margin (dollars in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,												Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				% Change				2025				2024				% Change
Marine transportation revenues		$	492,562			$	484,808				2	%		$	968,711			$	960,220				1	%
Costs and expenses:
Costs of sales and operating expenses			298,789				299,975				—				589,776				601,237				(2	)
Selling, general and administrative			33,415				32,527				3				73,869				69,648				6
Taxes, other than on income			8,124				8,383				(3	)			14,576				14,580				—
Depreciation and amortization			53,182				49,047				8				104,854				96,896				8
			393,510				389,932				1				783,075				782,361				—
Operating income		$	99,052			$	94,876				4	%		$	185,636			$	177,859				4	%
Operating margins			20.1	%			19.6	%							19.2	%			18.5	%

Marine Transportation Revenues

The following table shows the marine transportation markets serviced by the Company, KMT revenue distribution, products moved and the drivers of the demand for the products the Company transports:

Markets Serviced		2025 Second Quarter Revenue Distribution		2025 Six Months Revenue Distribution		Products Moved		Drivers
Petrochemicals		49%		49%		Benzene, Styrene, Methanol, Acrylonitrile, Xylene, Naphtha, Caustic Soda, Butadiene, Propylene		Consumer non-durables – 70%, Consumer durables – 30%
Black Oil		26%		26%		Residual Fuel Oil, Coker Feedstock, Vacuum Gas Oil, Asphalt, Carbon Black Feedstock, Crude Oil, Natural Gas Condensate, Ship Bunkers		Fuel for Power Plants and Ships, Feedstock for Refineries, Road Construction
Refined Petroleum Products		21%		21%		Gasoline, No. 2 Oil, Jet Fuel, Heating Oil, Diesel Fuel, Ethanol		Vehicle Usage, Air Travel, Weather Conditions, Refinery Utilization
Agricultural Chemicals		4%		4%		Anhydrous Ammonia, Nitrogen – Based Liquid Fertilizer, Industrial Ammonia		Corn, Cotton and Wheat Production, Chemical Feedstock Usage

KMT revenues for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 2% and 1%, respectively, and operating income increased 4% compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The increase in revenues in the 2025 second quarter and first six months as compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months were due to higher term and spot market pricing in the inland and coastal markets, partially offset by lower fuel rebills in both markets. The increase in operating income for the 2025 second quarter

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and first six months was primarily due to higher term and spot pricing in the inland and coastal markets. The 2025 and 2024 first quarters were impacted by poor operating conditions including seasonal wind and fog along the Gulf Coast and various lock closures. For the 2025 second quarter and first six months, the inland tank barge fleet contributed 81% and 82%, respectively, and the coastal fleet contributed 19% and 18% of KMT revenues, respectively. For both the 2024 second quarter and first six months, the inland tank barge fleet contributed 81% and the coastal fleet contributed 19% of KMT revenues.

Inland tank barge utilization levels averaged in the low to mid-90% range during the 2025 and 2024 first and second quarters. The 2025 and 2024 first quarters were impacted by high winds and heavy fog along the Gulf Coast and lock delays. Coastal tank barge utilization levels averaged in the mid to high 90% range during the 2025 and 2024 first and second quarters.

The petrochemical market, which is the Company’s largest market, contributed 49% of KMT revenues for both the 2025 second quarter and first six months reflecting steady rates, volumes and utilization from Gulf Coast petrochemical plants as compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months.

The black oil market, which contributed 26% of KMT revenues for both the 2025 second quarter and first six months reflected stable demand as refinery utilization and production levels of refined petroleum products and fuel oils increased. During the 2025 first six months, the Company transported crude oil and natural gas condensate produced from major U.S. shale basins along the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway with inland vessels and in the Gulf of America with coastal equipment. Additionally, the Company transported volumes of Utica natural gas condensate downriver from the Mid-Atlantic to the Gulf Coast.

The refined petroleum products market, which contributed 21% of KMT revenues for both the 2025 second quarter and first six months, reflected stable volumes in the inland market with steady refinery utilization and product levels as compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months.

The agricultural chemical market, which contributed 4% of KMT revenues for both the 2025 second quarter and first six months reflected stable demand for transportation of both domestically produced and imported products as compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months.

For the 2025 second quarter, inland operations incurred 3,320 delay days compared to 3,334 delay days that occurred during the 2024 second quarter. For the 2025 first six months, inland operations incurred 7,349 delay days, 7% more than the 6,841 delay days that occurred during the 2024 first six months. Delay days measure the lost time incurred by a tow (towboat and one or more tank barges) during transit when the tow is stopped due to weather, lock conditions, or other navigational factors. Delay days reflected poor operating conditions due to heavy wind and fog along the Gulf Coast and lock delays during the 2025 and 2024 first quarters.

During both the 2025 second quarter and first six months, approximately 70% of KMT inland revenues were under term contracts and 30% were spot contract revenues. During both the 2024 second quarter and first six months, approximately 65% of KMT inland revenues were under term contracts and 35% were spot contract revenues. Inland time charters during both the 2025 second quarter and first six months represented approximately 60% of inland revenues under term contracts compared with 59% and 60% in the 2024 second quarter and first six months, respectively. During both the 2025 second quarter and first six months, approximately 100% of KMT coastal revenues were under term contracts and none were under spot contracts. During the 2024 second quarter and first six months, approximately 100% and 98%, respectively, of KMT coastal revenues were under term contracts and none and 2%, respectively, were under spot contracts. Coastal time charters represented approximately 100% of coastal revenues under term contracts during both the 2025 second quarter and first six months compared to 97% during both the 2024 second quarter and first six months. Term contracts have contract terms of 12 months or longer, while spot contracts have contract terms of less than 12 months.

The following table summarizes the average range of pricing changes in term and spot contracts renewed during 2025 compared to contracts renewed during the corresponding quarter of 2024:

		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2025		June 30, 2025
Inland market:
Term increase		3% – 5%		2% – 4%
Spot increase		6% – 8%		6% – 8%
Coastal market (a):
Term increase		24% – 26%		24% – 26%

(a)Term contract pricing in the coastal market is contingent on various factors including geographic location, vessel capacity, vessel type, and product serviced.

Effective January 1, 2025, annual escalators for labor and the producer price index on a number of inland multi-year contracts resulted in rate increases on those contracts in the 3% to 5% range, excluding fuel.

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Marine Transportation Costs and Expenses

Costs and expenses for both the 2025 second quarter and first six months were flat compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months. Costs of sales and operating expenses for the 2025 second quarter and first six months were flat and decreased 2%, respectively, compared with the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The results for the 2025 second quarter and first six months were driven by lower fuel costs, offset by inflationary cost pressures including wage increases that went into effect in 2024.

The inland marine transportation fleet operated an average of 290 towboats during the 2025 second quarter, of which an average of 75 were chartered, compared to 287 during the 2024 second quarter, of which an average of 74 were chartered. The Company charters in or releases chartered towboats in an effort to balance horsepower needs with current requirements, taking into account variability in demand or anticipated demand, addition or removal of tank barges from the fleet, chartered towboat availability, and weather or water conditions. The Company has historically used chartered towboats for approximately one-fourth of its horsepower requirements.

During the 2025 second quarter, inland operations consumed 12.8 million gallons of diesel fuel compared to 12.1 million gallons consumed during the 2024 second quarter. The average price per gallon of diesel fuel consumed during the 2025 second quarter was $2.35 per gallon compared with $2.83 per gallon for the 2024 second quarter. During the 2025 first six months, inland operations consumed 24.5 million gallons of diesel fuel compared to 24.0 million gallons consumed during the 2024 first six months. The average price per gallon of diesel fuel consumed during the 2025 first six months was $2.45 per gallon compared with $2.83 per gallon for the 2024 first six months. Fuel escalation and de-escalation clauses are typically included in term contracts and are designed to rebate fuel costs when prices decline and recover additional fuel costs when fuel prices rise; however, there is generally a 30 to 120 day delay before contracts are adjusted. Spot contracts do not have escalators for fuel.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 3% and 6%, respectively, compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses for the 2025 second quarter and first six months as compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months was primarily due to salary and wage increases that went into effect on July 1, 2024 and continued inflationary cost pressures. The 2025 first six months was also impacted by an increase in the provision for credit losses related to a certain customer during the 2025 first quarter.

Depreciation and amortization for both the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 8% compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The increase was primarily due to capital additions during 2024 and the first six months of 2025, as well as equipment acquisitions.

Marine Transportation Operating Income and Operating Margin

KMT operating income for both the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 4% compared with the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The 2025 second quarter operating margin was 20.1% compared with 19.6% for the 2024 second quarter. The 2025 first six months operating margin was 19.2% compared with 18.5% for the 2024 first six months. The increases in operating income and operating margin were primarily due to higher term and spot contract pricing in the inland and coastal markets.

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Distribution and Services

The following table sets forth KDS revenues, costs and expenses, operating income, and operating margin (dollars in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,												Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				% Change				2025				2024				% Change
Distribution and services revenues		$	362,893			$	339,582				7	%		$	672,403			$	672,192				—
Costs and expenses:
Costs of sales and operating expenses			264,331				253,742				4				486,559				503,145				(3	)
Selling, general and administrative			50,054				45,919				9				102,073				97,440				5
Taxes, other than on income			2,391				1,900				26				4,744				3,728				27
Depreciation and amortization			10,682				8,585				24				21,001				16,429				28
			327,458				310,146				6				614,377				620,742				(1	)
Operating income		$	35,435			$	29,436				20	%		$	58,026			$	51,450				13	%
Operating margins			9.8	%			8.7	%							8.6	%			7.7	%

Distribution and Services Revenues

The following table shows the markets serviced by KDS, the revenue distribution, and the customers for each market:

Markets Serviced		2025 Second Quarter Revenue Distribution		2025 Six Months Revenue Distribution		Customers
Commercial and Industrial		48%		50%		Inland River Carriers — Dry and Liquid, Offshore Towing — Dry and Liquid, Offshore Oilfield Services — Drilling Rigs & Supply Boats, Harbor Towing, Dredging, Great Lakes Ore Carriers, Pleasure Crafts, On and Off-Highway Transportation, Pumping Stations, Mining
Power Generation		39%		36%		Power Generation & Standby Power Generation Equipment, Power Generation Rentals & Related Service, Data Centers
Oil and Gas		13%		14%		Oilfield Services, Oil and Gas Operators and Producers

KDS revenues for the 2025 second quarter increased 7% compared with the 2024 second quarter. KDS revenues for the 2025 first six months were flat compared with the 2024 first six months. KDS operating income for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 20% and 13%, respectively, compared with the 2024 second quarter and first six months.

In the commercial and industrial market, revenues and operating income increased compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months due to higher business levels in marine repair. In the power generation market, revenues increased compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months due to increased demand for backup and critical power applications, while operating income decreased due to sales mix. In the oil and gas market, revenues decreased compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months, impacted by lower levels of conventional oilfield activity which resulted in decreased demand for new transmissions and parts, partially offset by deliveries of electric fracturing equipment. Operating income in the oil and gas market increased compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months due to product mix and ongoing cost management initiatives.

Distribution and Services Costs and Expenses

Costs and expenses for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 6% and decreased 1%, respectively, compared with the 2024 second quarter and first six months. Costs of sales and operating expenses for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 4% and decreased 3%, respectively, compared with the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The increase for the 2025 second quarter reflected higher deliveries of power generation equipment, while the decrease for the 2025 first six months reflected lower on-highway and conventional oilfield activity as well as fewer power generation equipment shipments in the 2025 first quarter due to supply delays.

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Selling, general and administrative expenses for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 9% and 5% compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months, reflecting salary and wage increases that went into effect July 1, 2024 and higher business activity levels.

Depreciation and amortization for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 24% and 28%, respectively, compared to the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The increase was primarily due to capital additions during 2024 and the first six months of 2025 including additions to the equipment rental fleet.

Distribution and Services Operating Income and Operating Margin

KDS operating income for the 2025 second quarter and first six months increased 20% and 13%, respectively, compared with the 2024 second quarter and first six months. The 2025 second quarter operating margin was 9.8% compared to 8.7% for the 2024 second quarter. The 2025 first six months operating margin was 8.6% compared to 7.7% for the 2024 first six months. The results reflect increased marine repair activity and deliveries of electric fracturing equipment, partially offset by lower conventional oilfield activity.

Gain on Disposition of Assets

The Company reported a net gain on disposition of assets of $1.7 million and $0.5 million for the 2025 and 2024 second quarters, respectively. The Company reported a net gain on disposition of assets of $1.8 million and $0.6 million for the 2025 and 2024 first six months, respectively. The net gains were primarily from sales of marine transportation equipment.

Other Income and Expenses

The following table sets forth other income, noncontrolling interests, and interest expense (dollars in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,												Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				% Change				2025				2024				% Change
Other income		$	4,812			$	3,088				56	%		$	10,146			$	6,357				60	%
Noncontrolling interests		$	(101	)		$	(128	)			(21	)%		$	(385	)		$	25				(1640	)%
Interest expense		$	(12,730	)		$	(12,819	)			(1	)%		$	(23,267	)		$	(25,970	)			(10	)%

Other Income

Other income for the 2025 and 2024 second quarters includes income of $4.3 million and $2.7 million, respectively, and the 2025 and 2024 first six months includes income of $9.1 million and $5.1 million, respectively, for all components of net benefit costs except the service cost component related to the Company’s defined benefit plans.

Interest Expense

The following table sets forth average debt and average interest rate (dollars in thousands):

		Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
		2025				2024				2025				2024
Average debt		$	1,147,306			$	1,062,620			$	1,048,395			$	1,063,768
Average interest rate			4.6	%			4.8	%			4.5	%			4.8	%

Interest expense for the 2025 second quarter and first six months decreased 1% and 10%, respectively, compared with the 2024 second quarter and first six months, primarily due to a lower average interest rate in the 2025 second quarter and first six months. Interest expense excludes capitalized interest for the 2025 first six months of $0.5 million. There was no capitalized interest excluded from interest expense during the 2024 first six months.

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Financial Condition, Capital Resources and Liquidity

Balance Sheets

The following table sets forth the significant components of the balance sheets (dollars in thousands):

		June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024				% Change
Assets:
Current assets		$	1,185,033			$	1,068,559				11	%
Property and equipment, net			4,135,050				4,022,966				3
Operating lease right-of-use assets			157,041				158,990				(1	)
Goodwill			438,748				438,748				—
Other intangibles, net			33,123				34,406				(4	)
Other assets			130,970				128,283				2
		$	6,079,965			$	5,851,952				4	%
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity:
Current liabilities		$	679,457			$	734,753				(8	)%
Long-term debt, net – less current portion			1,111,332				866,722				28
Deferred income taxes			747,060				739,472				1
Operating lease liabilities – less current portion			142,105				148,170				(4	)
Other long-term liabilities			10,121				9,587				6
Total equity			3,389,890				3,353,248				1
		$	6,079,965			$	5,851,952				4	%

Current assets as of June 30, 2025 increased 11% compared with December 31, 2024. Trade accounts receivable increased 15% primarily due to higher business activity levels in both KMT and KDS. Inventories – net increased 8% primarily due to the impact of higher business activity levels and supply delays in KDS resulting in the buildup of inventory for mainly power generation projects that are scheduled to be delivered later in 2025 and into 2026.

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, at June 30, 2025 increased 3% compared with December 31, 2024. The increase reflected $150.6 million of capital additions (including an increase in accrued capital expenditures of $0.4 million) and a $97.3 million equipment acquisition in the 2025 first quarter, partially offset by $125.1 million of depreciation expense and $10.7 million of property disposals more fully described under Cash Flow and Capital Expenditures below.

Operating lease right-of-use assets as of June 30, 2025 decreased 1% compared with December 31, 2024, primarily due to lease amortization expense, partially offset by new leases acquired in the 2025 first six months.

Other intangibles, net, as of June 30, 2025 decreased 4% compared with December 31, 2024, due to amortization during the 2025 first six months partially offset by a $3.0 million intellectual property intangible asset acquired in the 2025 second quarter.

Other assets as of June 30, 2025 increased 2% compared with December 31, 2024, primarily due to additional deferred major maintenance drydock expenditures incurred during the 2025 first six months, partially offset by amortization of drydock expenditures.

Current liabilities as of June 30, 2025 decreased 8% compared with December 31, 2024. Income taxes payable decreased 97% primarily due to timing of federal income tax payments. Accrued liabilities decreased 14% primarily from payment during the 2025 first six months of employee incentive compensation accrued during 2024.

Long-term debt, net – less current portion, as of June 30, 2025 increased 28% compared with December 31, 2024, primarily reflecting increased borrowings under the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility.

Total equity as of June 30, 2025 increased 1% compared with December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily due to net earnings attributable to Kirby of $170.3 million, amortization of share-based compensation of $11.1 million, and stock option exercises of $0.3 million, partially offset by treasury stock purchases of $132.7 million and tax withholdings of $6.0 million on RSU vestings.

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Long-Term Financing

The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding debt (in thousands):

		June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
Long-term debt, including current portion:
Revolving Credit Facility due July 29, 2027 (a)		$	245,000			$	—
Term Loan due July 29, 2027 (a)			70,000				70,000
4.2% senior notes due March 1, 2028			500,000				500,000
3.46% senior notes due January 19, 2033			60,000				60,000
3.51% senior notes due January 19, 2033			240,000				240,000
Credit line due June 30, 2026			—				—
Bank notes payable			6,433				8,226
			1,121,433				878,226
Unamortized debt discounts and issuance costs			(3,668	)			(3,278	)
		$	1,117,765			$	874,948

(a)Variable interest rate of 5.6% at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

On July 29, 2022, the Company entered into the 2027 Credit Agreement with a group of commercial banks, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as the administrative agent bank that allows for a $500 million 2027 Revolving Credit Facility and a $250 million 2027 Term Loan with a maturity date of July 29, 2027. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company repaid $80 million under the 2027 Term Loan prior to scheduled maturities. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company repaid $100 million under the 2027 Term Loan prior to scheduled maturities. As a result, no repayments are required until March 31, 2027. Future repayments under the 2027 Term Loan are excluded from short term liabilities because the Company intends to use availability under the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility to repay these amounts upon maturity. Outstanding letters of credit under the 2027 Revolving Credit Facility were $6,000 and available borrowing capacity was $255.0 million as of June 30, 2025.

On February 3, 2022, the Company entered into a note purchase agreement for the 2033 Notes with a group of institutional investors, consisting of $60 million Series A Notes and $240 million Series B Notes, each due January 19, 2033. The Series A Notes were issued on October 20, 2022, and the Series B Notes were issued on January 19, 2023. No principal payments will be required until maturity.

The Company has a $15 million Credit Line with Bank of America for short-term liquidity needs and letters of credit, with a maturity date of June 30, 2026. Outstanding letters of credit under the Credit Line were $6.8 million and available borrowing capacity was $8.2 million as of June 30, 2025.

As of June 30, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under its debt instruments. For additional information about the Company’s debt instruments, see Note 5, Long-Term Debt, of the Notes to Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited) as well as Note 5, Long-Term Debt, in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Cash Flow and Capital Expenditures

The Company generated positive operating cash flows during the 2025 first six months with net cash provided by operating activities of $130.5 million compared with $302.6 million for the 2024 first six months, a 57% decrease. The decline in operating cash flows was mainly due to the timing of accounts receivable collections, accounts payable payments and federal income tax payments, as well as an increase in inventories in 2025, partially offset by increased net earnings. The increase in inventories was due to the impact of higher business activity levels and supply delays in KDS resulting in the buildup of inventory for projects, mainly due to power generation orders, which are scheduled to be delivered later in 2025 and into 2026. The increase in net earnings was driven by higher term and spot contract pricing in KMT and improved KDS business activity levels in the commercial and industrial market. During the 2025 and 2024 first six months, the Company generated cash of $11.6 million and $9.1 million, respectively, from proceeds from the disposition of assets, and $0.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively, from proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

For the 2025 first six months, cash generated was used for capital expenditures of $150.2 million, including $130.1 million associated with marine maintenance capital and improvements to existing inland and coastal marine equipment and facility improvements, as well as $20.1 million for growth spending in both segments. The growth spending is related to inland equipment construction and equipment for use in a variety of KDS markets including electric fracturing equipment, generators, and other related equipment. In addition, the Company used cash of $97.3 million for an equipment acquisition in the 2025 first six months.

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Treasury Stock Purchases

During the 2025 first six months, the Company purchased 1.3 million shares of its common stock for $132.7 million, at an average price of $99.41 per share. Subsequent to June 30, 2025 and through August 8, 2025, the Company purchased an additional 0.2 million shares of its common stock for $24.5 million, at an average price of $99.78 per share. As of August 8, 2025, the Company had approximately 1.3 million shares available under its existing purchase authorizations. Historically, treasury stock purchases have been financed through operating cash flows and borrowings under the Company’s Revolving Credit Facility. The Company is authorized to purchase its common stock on the New York Stock Exchange and in privately negotiated transactions. When purchasing its common stock, the Company is subject to price, trading volume, and other market considerations. Shares purchased may be used for reissuance upon the exercise of stock options or the granting of other forms of incentive compensation, in future acquisitions for stock, or for other appropriate corporate purposes. For more information about stock purchases in the 2025 second quarter, see Part II, Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Liquidity

Funds generated from operations are available for acquisitions, capital expenditure projects, common stock purchases, repayments of borrowings, and for other corporate and operating requirements. In addition to net cash flows provided by operating activities, as of August 8, 2025 the Company also had cash and cash equivalents of $41 million, availability of $360 million under its 2027 Revolving Credit Facility, and $8.2 million available under its Credit Line.

Neither the Company, nor any of its subsidiaries, is obligated on any debt instrument, swap agreement, or any other financial instrument or commercial contract which has a rating trigger, except for the pricing grid on its 2027 Credit Agreement.

The Company expects to continue to fund expenditures for acquisitions, capital construction projects, common stock purchases, repayment of borrowings, and for other operating requirements from a combination of available cash and cash equivalents, funds generated from operating activities, and available financing arrangements.

The 2027 Revolving Credit Facility’s commitment is in the amount of $500 million and matures July 29, 2027. The $500 million 4.2% senior unsecured notes do not mature until March 1, 2028 and require no prepayments. The 2033 Notes do not mature until January 19, 2033 and require no prepayments. The 2027 Term Loan is subject to quarterly installments, beginning March 31, 2027, in increasing percentages of the original principal amount of the loan, with the remaining unpaid balance of approximately $43.8 million payable on July 29, 2027, assuming no prepayments. The 2027 Term Loan is prepayable, in whole or in part, without penalty.

There are numerous factors that may negatively impact the Company’s cash flows in 2025. For a list of significant risks and uncertainties that could impact cash flows, see Note 13, Contingencies and Commitments, of the Notes to Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited), and Item 1A — Risk Factors and Note 14, Contingencies and Commitments, in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Amounts available under the Company’s existing financial arrangements are subject to the Company continuing to meet the covenants of the credit facilities as described in Note 5, Long-Term Debt, of the Notes to Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited) as well as Note 5, Long-Term Debt, in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Company has issued guaranties or obtained standby letters of credit and performance bonds supporting performance by the Company and its subsidiaries of contractual or contingent legal obligations of the Company and its subsidiaries incurred in the ordinary course of business. The aggregate notional value of these instruments is $27.4 million at June 30, 2025, including $11.6 million in letters of credit and $15.8 million in performance bonds. All of these instruments have an expiration date within two years. The Company does not believe demand for payment under these instruments is likely and expects no material cash outlays to occur in connection with these instruments.

KMT term contracts typically contain fuel escalation clauses, or the customer pays for the fuel. However, there is generally a 30 to 120 day delay before contracts are adjusted depending on the specific terms of the contract. In general, the fuel escalation clauses are effective over the long-term in allowing the Company to recover changes in fuel costs due to fuel price changes. However, the short-term effectiveness of the fuel escalation clauses can be affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, specific terms of the fuel escalation formulas, fuel price volatility, navigating conditions, tow sizes, trip routing, and the location of loading and discharge ports that may result in the Company over or under recovering its fuel costs. The Company’s spot contract rates generally reflect current fuel prices at the time the contract is signed but do not have escalators for fuel.

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The Company has certain mechanisms designed to help mitigate the impacts of rising costs. For example, KMT has long-term contracts which generally contain cost escalation clauses whereby certain costs, including fuel as noted above, can be largely passed through to its customers. Spot contract rates include the cost of fuel and are subject to market volatility. In KDS, the cost of major components for large manufacturing orders is secured with suppliers at the time a customer order is finalized, which somewhat limits exposure to inflation. To the extent possible, the Company also seeks to include contractual language to address recovery of increased costs related to tariffs in KDS. The repair portion of KDS is based on prevailing current market rates.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, see Part II, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company’s exposure to market risk has not changed materially since December 31, 2024.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”)), as of June 30, 2025, as required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2025, the disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See Note 13, Contingencies and Commitments, of the Notes to Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The Company continues to be subject to the risk factors previously disclosed in its “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period		Total Number of Shares Purchased				Average Price Paid Per Share				Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans				Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans
April 1 — April 30, 2025			255,270			$	91.18				—				—
May 1 — May 31, 2025			76,630			$	103.41				—				—
June 1 — June 30, 2025			—			$	—				—				—
Total			331,900			$	94.01				—				—

Purchases of the Company’s common stock during the 2025 second quarter were made in the open market pursuant to a discretionary authorization by the Board of Directors. For more information about stock purchases in the 2025 first six months and other information responsive to this Item, see “Treasury Stock Purchases” in Financial Condition, Capital Resources and Liquidity included in Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Item 5. Other Information

There were no “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements” (as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K of the Exchange Act) adopted, modified or terminated during the 2025 second quarter by the Company’s directors and Section 16 officers.

Item 6. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit Number		Description of Exhibits
3.1	–	Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company with all amendments to date (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014).
3.2	–	Bylaws of the Company, as amended to April 25, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on October 28, 2022).
3.3	–	Amendment to Bylaws of Kirby Corporation dated April 26, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on April 26, 2024).
4.1	–	See Exhibits 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 hereof for provisions of the Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company with all amendments to date and the Bylaws of the Company with all amendments to date (incorporated, respectively, by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on October 28, 2022, and Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on April 26, 2024).
31.1*	–	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
31.2*	–	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
32*	–	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101.INS*	–	Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH*	–	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbase Documents
104*	–	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

* Filed herewith.

† Management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	KIRBY CORPORATION
	(Registrant)
	By:	/s/ Raj Kumar
		Raj Kumar
		Executive Vice President and
		Chief Financial Officer
Dated: August 11, 2025

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FAQ

What were Kirby's (KEX) total revenues and net earnings for Q2 2025?

Kirby reported total revenues of $855.5 million and net earnings attributable to Kirby of $94.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2025.

How did Kirby's diluted EPS change in Q2 2025 versus Q2 2024?

Diluted earnings per share increased to $1.67 in Q2 2025 from $1.43 in Q2 2024.

What material acquisitions did Kirby complete in the first half of 2025?

On March 27, 2025 Kirby acquired 14 inland tank barges and four high-horsepower towboats for $97.3 million in cash.

How did operating cash flow and capital expenditures look for the six months ended June 30, 2025?

Net cash provided by operating activities was $130.5 million versus $302.6 million in 2024; capital expenditures were $150.2 million for the six months.

How much stock did Kirby repurchase in H1 2025 and at what cost?

Kirby purchased 1.3 million shares during the first six months for $132.7 million, averaging about $99.41 per share.

What is Kirby's debt position and covenant status as of June 30, 2025?

Long-term debt (including current portion) carried at about $1.121 billion with unamortized costs reducing net to ~$1.118 billion; the company reported it was in compliance with all covenants as of June 30, 2025.