newcleo Completes NewHold Merger, Starts Nasdaq Trading
Ordinary shares and public warrants began trading on September 22, 2026, under NWCL and NWCLW.
newcleo plc completed its business combination with NewHold Investment Corp III on September 21, 2026. Its ordinary shares and public warrants began trading on the Nasdaq Global Market on September 22 under the symbols NWCL and NWCLW, respectively.
Stefano Buono became chief executive officer and director; Elisabeth Rizzotti became deputy chief executive officer, chief operating officer and director; and Jon Stranske became group chief financial officer. The other directors are Anne-François de Bourdoncle de Saint Salvy, Raffaele Petrone, Andrea Ruben Osvaldo Levi, Manfredi Lefebvre d’Ovidio de Clunières di Balsorano, Suzy Taherian and Heinz Maeusli.
At closing, newcleo adopted amended and restated articles governing share rights and board and shareholder procedures, and entered into an amended registration-rights agreement granting holders rights over certain company securities. NewHold assigned the prior warrant agreement to newcleo, which assumed its obligations and appointed Computershare as successor warrant agent. Warrants outstanding and unexercised immediately before the merger were exchanged for warrants to acquire one ordinary share each, subject to adjustment, and the prior warrants were terminated.
Positive
- None.
Negative
- None.
Filing Explained
The adopted articles authorize the board to establish a rights plan, and the attached terms say rights could become exercisable after a public announcement that a person or group has acquired at least 15% of voting shares, allowing other holders to receive shares worth twice the exercise price and potentially diluting ownership if exercised.
Key Figures
Key Terms
Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement financial
successor warrant agent financial
Depositary Receipts technical
Rights Plan financial
Acquiring Person financial
FAQ
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When did NWCL's business combination close?
What happened to NewHold's warrants in the NWCL business combination?
Who are NWCL's directors and executive officers after the business combination?
What are the NWCL shareholder rights plan terms?
AI-generated analysis. How Rhea-AI works. Not financial advice.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the month of September 2026
Commission file number: 001-43479
newcleo plc
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
55 South Audley Street
London, W1K 2QH
United Kingdom
+39 011 5139700
(Address of principal executive offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Exhibit
| 99.1 | Amended and Restated Articles of Association |
| 99.2 | Warrant Termination, Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement |
| 99.3 | Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement |
Closing of Business Combination
As previously announced, on May 26, 2026, NewHold Investment Corp III, a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability (“SPAC”) entered into that certain Business Combination Agreement (the “Business Combination Agreement” and the transactions contemplated thereby, the “Business Combination”) by and among newcleo plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (f/k/a NewCleo Ltd., a private limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales) (the “Company”), newcleo1 Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub 1”), and newcleo2 Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub 2”). Terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning given to such terms in the Business Combination Agreement.
As previously disclosed, on September 21, 2026 (the “Closing Date”), SPAC and the Company consummated the Business Combination, and beginning on September 22, 2026, the Company’s ordinary shares and public warrants commenced trading on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbols “NWCL” and “NWCLW”, respectively.
Board of Directors and Management of the Company
The Company’s directors and executive officers after the closing of the Business Combination are as follows:
| Name | Age | Position |
| Executive Officers | ||
| Stefano Buono | 60 | Chief Executive Officer and Director |
| Elisabeth Rizzotti | 60 | Deputy Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer and Director |
| Jon Stranske | 47 | Group Chief Financial Officer |
| Non-Executive Directors | ||
| Anne-François de Bourdoncle de Saint Salvy | 71 | Director |
| Raffaele Petrone | 61 | Director |
| Andrea Ruben Osvaldo Levi | 61 | Director |
| Manfredi Lefebvre d’Ovidio de Clunières di Balsorano | 73 | Director |
| Suzy Taherian | 57 | Director |
| Heinz Maeusli | 63 | Director |
_____________
(1) Member of the audit and risk committee.
(2) Member of the compensation committee.
(3) Member of the nominating and corporate governance committee.
Related Agreements
Amended and Restated Articles of Association
In connection with the Closing, the Company adopted the Amended and Restated Articles of Association, pursuant to which, among other things, the rights of holders of the Company’s ordinary shares and proceedings of the board of directors are governed.
The foregoing description of the Amended and Restated Articles of Association does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the terms and conditions of the Amended and Restated Articles of Association, as adopted and effective, which are furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.1.
Warrant Termination, Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement
At the Closing, the Company, SPAC, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York corporation (“Continental”) and Computershare Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Computershare Inc.”), and its affiliate, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., a federally chartered trust company (together with Computershare Inc., “Computershare”) entered into that certain Warrant Termination, Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, SPAC assigned all of its right, title and interest in the prior warrant agreement, by and between SPAC and Continental, to the Company and the Company appointed Computershare to serve as successor warrant agent.
The foregoing description of the Warrant Termination, Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement and the rights and restrictions contemplated thereby does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the terms and conditions of the Warrant Termination, Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement, which is furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.2.
Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement
At the Closing, the Company, SPAC, NewHold Industrial Technology III LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and the other parties party thereto entered into the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, the Company granted the Holders (as defined therein) certain registration rights with respect to certain securities of the Company held by the Holders.
The foregoing description of the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by the terms and conditions of the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, which is furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.3.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| newcleo plc | |
| By: | /s/ Stefano Buono |
| Name: Stefano Buono | |
| Title: Chief Executive Officer and Director | |
Date: September 25, 2026
Exhibit 99.1
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CMS Cameron McKenna Nabarro Olswang LLP
Cannon Place
78 Cannon Street
London EC4N 6AF
T +44 20 7367 3000
F +44 20 7367 2000
cms.law |
Table of Contents
| 1 | Definitions and interpretation | 1 |
| 2 | Limited liability | 4 |
| 3 | Model articles excluded | 4 |
| 4 | Form of resolutions | 4 |
| 5 | Rights attached to shares | 4 |
| 6 | Redeemable shares | 4 |
| 7 | Classes of shares | 4 |
| 8 | Conversion of Class B Shares | 5 |
| 9 | Payment of commissions | 8 |
| 10 | Trusts not recognised | 9 |
| 11 | Suspension of rights for non-disclosure of interest | 9 |
| 12 | Variation of rights | 11 |
| 13 | Matters not constituting a variation of rights | 11 |
| 14 | Right to certificates | 11 |
| 15 | Execution of certificates | 12 |
| 16 | Replacement certificates | 12 |
| 17 | Uncertificated securities | 12 |
| 18 | Company’s lien | 13 |
| 19 | Enforcing lien by sale after notice | 13 |
| 20 | Manner of sale | 13 |
| 21 | Application of sale proceeds | 14 |
| 22 | Calls | 14 |
| 23 | Time of call | 14 |
| 24 | Liability of joint holders | 14 |
| 25 | Interest | 14 |
| 26 | Sums due on allotment or by way of instalment treated as calls | 14 |
| 27 | Power to differentiate | 15 |
| 28 | Advance payment of calls | 15 |
| 29 | Notice if call not paid | 15 |
| 30 | Forfeiture if notice not complied with | 15 |
| 31 | Notice of forfeiture | 15 |
| 32 | Sale of forfeited share | 16 |
| 33 | Arrears to be paid notwithstanding forfeiture | 16 |
| 34 | Statutory declaration and validity of sale | 16 |
| 35 | Power to sell shares of untraced shareholders | 16 |
| 36 | Manner of sale and creation of debt in respect of net proceeds | 17 |
| 37 | Form and execution of transfer | 17 |
| 38 | Right to refuse registration of shares | 18 |
| 39 | Other rights to refuse registration | 18 |
| 40 | Notice of refusal | 19 |
| 41 | No fee for registration | 19 |
| 42 | Lock-up of shares | 19 |
| 43 | Retention of documents | 23 |
| 44 | Other Registers | 23 |
| 45 | Transmission | 23 |
| 46 | Election by transmittee | 23 |
| 47 | Rights in respect of the share | 23 |
| 48 | Alteration of capital | 24 |
| 49 | Purchase of own shares | 24 |
| 50 | Convening general meetings | 25 |
| 51 | Length of notice period | 25 |
| 52 | General meeting record date | 25 |
| 53 | Omission or non-receipt of notice | 25 |
| 54 | Change of arrangements for general meetings | 25 |
| 55 | Quorum | 26 |
| 56 | Procedure if quorum not present | 26 |
| 57 | Chair of general meeting | 26 |
| 58 | Attendance and speaking at general meetings | 27 |
| 59 | Satellite meeting places | 27 |
| 60 | Security arrangements | 28 |
| 61 | Adjournments | 28 |
| 62 | Notice of adjourned meeting | 29 |
| 63 | Method of voting | 29 |
| 64 | Votes of members | 29 |
| 65 | Votes of joint holders | 30 |
| 66 | Votes of member suffering incapacity | 30 |
| 67 | No right to vote where sums overdue on shares | 30 |
| 68 | Votes on a poll | 30 |
| 69 | Right to withdraw demand for a poll | 30 |
| 70 | Procedure if poll demanded | 31 |
| 71 | When poll to be taken | 31 |
| 72 | Continuance of other business after poll demanded | 31 |
| 73 | Proposal or amendment of resolution | 31 |
| 74 | Amendment of resolution ruled out of order | 31 |
| 75 | Objections or errors in voting | 31 |
| 76 | Proxies sent or supplied in electronic form | 32 |
| 77 | Execution of an appointment of proxy | 32 |
| 78 | Times for deposit of an appointment of proxy | 32 |
| 79 | Form of appointment of proxy | 33 |
| 80 | Validity of proxy | 34 |
| 81 | Maximum validity of proxy | 34 |
| 82 | Class meetings | 35 |
| 83 | Number of Directors | 35 |
| 84 | No shareholding qualification for Directors | 35 |
| 85 | Fees | 35 |
| 86 | Expenses | 35 |
| 87 | Remuneration | 35 |
| 88 | Appointment, removal and resignation of alternates | 36 |
| 89 | Alternate to be responsible for own acts and payment of alternate | 36 |
| 90 | Executive Directors | 37 |
| 91 | General powers of the Company vested in the Board | 37 |
| 92 | Agents | 37 |
| 93 | Delegation to individual Directors | 37 |
| 94 | Delegation to committees | 38 |
| 95 | Power to establish local boards etc | 38 |
| 96 | Provision for employees | 39 |
| 97 | The Company’s name | 39 |
| 98 | Borrowing Powers | 39 |
| 99 | Annual Retirement of Directors | 39 |
| 100 | Position of Retiring Director | 40 |
| 101 | Eligibility for appointment as a Director | 40 |
| 102 | Power of the Company to appoint Directors | 41 |
| 103 | Power of the Board to appoint Directors | 41 |
| 104 | Company’s power to remove a Director and appoint another in the Director’s place | 41 |
| 105 | Vacation of office by Directors | 41 |
| 106 | Directors’ Transactions, offices, employment and interests | 42 |
| 107 | Conflicts of interest requiring Board authorisation | 45 |
| 108 | Directors’ gratuities and pensions | 46 |
| 109 | Board meetings | 46 |
| 110 | Notice of Board meetings | 46 |
| 111 | Voting | 46 |
| 112 | Quorum | 47 |
| 113 | Board vacancies below minimum number | 47 |
| 114 | Appointment of chair | 47 |
| 115 | Competence of the Board | 47 |
| 116 | Participation in meetings by telephone | 47 |
| 117 | Written resolutions | 47 |
| 118 | Company books | 48 |
| 119 | Validity of acts of the Board or a committee | 48 |
| 120 | Appointment and removal of Company Secretary | 48 |
| 121 | Use of seal | 48 |
| 122 | Company may declare dividends | 49 |
| 123 | Board may pay interim dividends and fixed dividends | 49 |
| 124 | Calculation and currency of dividends | 49 |
| 125 | Waiver of dividends | 49 |
| 126 | Non-cash dividends | 49 |
| 127 | Scrip dividends | 50 |
| 128 | Enhanced scrip dividends | 51 |
| 129 | Right to deduct amounts due on shares from dividends | 52 |
| 130 | No interest on dividends | 52 |
| 131 | Payment procedure | 52 |
| 132 | Receipt by joint holders | 53 |
| 133 | Where payment of dividends need not be made | 53 |
| 134 | Unclaimed dividends | 53 |
| 135 | Capitalisation of profits | 53 |
| 136 | Authentication of documents | 55 |
| 137 | Power to choose record date | 55 |
| 138 | Strategic report | 55 |
| 139 | Inspection of records | 55 |
| 140 | Destruction of documents | 55 |
| 141 | Form of communications | 56 |
| 142 | Communication with joint holders | 56 |
| 143 | Communication with members in a restricted jurisdiction | 57 |
| 144 | Communications after transmission | 57 |
| 145 | When notice deemed served | 57 |
| 146 | Record date for communications | 58 |
| 147 | Loss of entitlement to receive communications | 58 |
| 148 | Notice when post not available | 58 |
| 149 | Liquidation Preference and Distribution in specie on winding up | 59 |
| 150 | Indemnity and provision of funds | 59 |
| 151 | Power to insure | 60 |
| 152 | Disputes | 60 |
| 153 | Depositary arrangements | 61 |
| 154 | Rights Plan | 62 |
| Appendix | 65 | |
Registered No. 13274878
The Companies Acts
Public Company Limited by Shares
ARTICLES
OF ASSOCIATION
of
Newcleo PLC
(Adopted in substitution for and to the exclusion of all existing articles by a special resolution passed on 25 August 2026)
| 1. | Definitions and interpretation |
| 1.1 | In these Articles, the following words and expressions have the meanings indicated below: |
“Affiliate Shareholder”: any shareholder which is considered to be an affiliate of the Company or the holder of restricted securities for the purposes of United States federal securities laws in respect of such restricted securities;
“these Articles”: these articles of association as originally adopted or as altered from time to time;
“Auditors”: the auditors of the Company for the time being or, in the case of joint auditors, any one of them;
“Board”: the board of Directors from time to time of the Company or those Directors present at a duly convened meeting of the Directors at which a quorum is present;
“Company Ordinary Shares”: has the meaning given to it in Article 7;
“Class B Shares”: has the meaning given to it in Article 7;
“Class C Shares”: has the meaning given to it in Article 7;
“clear days”: in relation to the period of a notice, that period excluding the day when the notice is given or deemed to be given and the day for which it is given or on which it is to take effect;
“Closing” means the date that the Company’s listing application with Nasdaq (or, at the Company’s election, another Stock Exchange) shall have been conditionally approved;
“Closing Date” means the date of the Closing;
“Deferred Shares”: has the meaning given to it in Article 7;
“Deposit Agreement”: a deposit agreement among the Company, the Depositary and the holders and beneficial owners of Depositary Receipts issued thereunder;
“Depositary”: any depositary, clearing agency, custodian, nominee or similar person appointed under contractual arrangements with the Company or other arrangements approved by the directors that holds legal title to shares in the capital of the Company for the purposes of facilitating beneficial ownership of such shares (or the transfer thereof) by another individual or individuals, and may include a person that holds, or is interested directly or indirectly, including through a nominee in shares or rights or interests in respect thereof, and that issues certificates, instruments, securities or other documents of title, or maintains accounts evidencing or recording the entitlement of the holders thereof, or account holders to or to receive such shares, rights or interests and shall include, where so approved by the Board, the trustees (acting in their capacity as such) of any employees' share scheme established by the Company, and shall include, for the avoidance of doubt, DTC;
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“Depositary Receipts”: a depositary receipt representing a beneficial interest in a share of the Company (other than deferred shares) issued by the Depositary in accordance with the Deposit Agreement;
“Depositary Register”: the register maintained by the Depositary in respect of Depositary Receipts;
“Director”: a director for the time being of the Company;
“DTC”: The Depository Trust Company and any affiliate or nominee therefor, including Cede & Co. and any successors thereto;
“electronic facility”: any form of electronic facility approved for the relevant occasion by the Board under these Articles, including digital platforms, website addresses and conference call systems, and any device, system, procedure, method or other facility providing an electronic means of attendance, speaking, being heard and voting at a general meeting;
“Exchange Act”: the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;
“holder”: in relation to shares, the member whose name is entered in the Register as the holder of the shares (but, to the extent that these Articles would otherwise conflict with the Statutes, not including the Company itself in relation to shares held as treasury shares);
“member”: a member of the Company (but, to the extent that these Articles would otherwise conflict with the Statutes, not including the Company itself in relation to shares held as treasury shares);
“Office”: the registered office of the Company;
“Operator”: the person approved under the Regulations as operator of a relevant system;
“ordinary shares” means the ordinary shares in the capital of the Company having the rights set out in these Articles and form part of the ordinary share capital of the Company for the purposes of the Companies Act and, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include the Company Ordinary Shares and the Class C Shares;
“paid up”: paid up or credited as paid up;
“Register”: the register of members of the Company;
“Regulations”: the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001 (SI 2001/3755) (as amended and replaced from time to time and any subordinate legislation and rules made under them for the time being in force);
“Relevant Exchange”: any market operated by the New York Stock Exchange or The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC on which the Company’s ordinary shares are, with the approval of the Board, listed or quoted or proposed to be listed or quoted;
“relevant system”: the computer-based system, and procedures, which enable title to units of a security to be evidenced and transferred without a written instrument, and which facilitate supplementary and incidental matters in accordance with the Regulations;
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“Restricted Jurisdiction”: means a jurisdiction where the sending of any document or information to an address in such jurisdiction would or might, in the absolute determination of the Board, infringe the laws of such jurisdiction;
“Seal”: the common seal of the Company or any official seal kept by the Company pursuant to the Statutes;
“Secretary”: the secretary of the Company or any other person appointed to perform the duties of the secretary of the Company, including a joint, assistant or deputy secretary and any person appointed to perform the duties of secretary temporarily or in any particular case;
“Securities Act”: the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
“Statutes”: every statute (including any statutory instrument, order, regulation or subordinate legislation made under it) concerning companies that are incorporated in England and Wales to the extent that it is for the time being in force or (where the context requires) was in force at a particular time, including the Companies Act 2006 and the Regulations;
“system’s rules”: the rules, regulations, procedures, facilities and requirements of the relevant system concerned;
“transfer instruction”: a properly authenticated dematerialised instruction on a relevant system in accordance with the Regulations in such form, in such manner and from such person as the Board may determine;
“transmittee”: a person entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a member or of any other event giving rise to its transmission by operation of law;
“United Kingdom”: Great Britain and Northern Ireland; and
“United States” or “U.S.”: the United States of America.
| 1.2 | The expressions “debenture” and “debenture holder” include “debenture stock” and “debenture stockholder”. |
| 1.3 | References to writing include any method of reproducing or representing words, symbols or other information in such form (including in electronic form or by making it available on a website) that it can be read or seen with the naked eye and a copy of it can be retained. |
| 1.4 | References to the execution of a document (including where execution is implied, such as in the giving of a written consent) include references to its being executed under hand or under seal or by any other method, and, in relation to anything sent or supplied in electronic form, include references to its being executed by such means and incorporating such information as the Board may from time to time stipulate for the purpose of establishing its authenticity and integrity. |
| 1.5 | Unless the context otherwise requires, words or expressions used in these Articles that are defined or used with a certain meaning in the Regulations or the Companies Act 2006 bear those definitions or meanings in these Articles (but as if their use in these Articles were contemplated as well as in the relevant legislation), except that the word “company” shall include any body corporate. |
| 1.6 | Except where the contrary is stated or the context otherwise requires, any reference (whether specific or collective) to a statute or statutory provision includes any order, regulation, instrument or other subordinate legislation made under it for the time being in force, and any reference to a statute, statutory provision, order, regulation, instrument or other subordinate legislation includes any amendment, extension, consolidation, re-enactment or replacement of it for the time being in force. References to applicable law shall include references the rules of the Relevant Exchange and the securities laws of the United States and subdivisions thereof as far as they apply to the Company under their provisions or these Articles. |
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| 1.7 | Words importing the singular number only include the plural and vice versa. Words importing one gender include all other genders. Words importing persons include corporations. |
| 1.8 | References to a meeting shall not be taken as requiring more than one person to be present if any quorum requirement can be satisfied by one person. |
| 1.9 | References to any security as being in certificated form or uncertificated form refer, respectively, to that security being a certificated unit of a security or an uncertificated unit of a security for the purposes of the Regulations. |
| 1.10 | Words such as “other”, “include”, “including” and similar words shall not limit the general effect of words that precede or follow them and the ejusdem generis rule shall not apply. |
| 1.11 | Headings are inserted for convenience only and shall not affect the construction of these Articles. |
| 1.12 | Except as the context may otherwise require, references to “beneficial interest” shall include the holding of Depositary Receipts. |
| 2. | Limited liability |
| 2.1 | The liability of the members is limited to the amount, if any, unpaid on the shares held by them. |
| 3. | Model articles excluded |
| 3.1 | No articles of association prescribed by the Statutes apply as the articles of association of the Company. |
| 4. | Form of resolutions |
| 4.1 | A special resolution shall be effective for any purpose for which an ordinary resolution is expressed to be required under the Statutes or these Articles. |
| 5. | Rights attached to shares |
| 5.1 | Subject to the Statutes and without prejudice to any rights attached to any existing shares, any share may be issued with such rights or restrictions as the Company may by ordinary resolution determine (or, in the absence of any such determination or in so far as such ordinary resolution does not make specific provision, as the Board may determine). |
| 6. | Redeemable shares |
| 6.1 | The Company may issue shares which are to be redeemed, or are liable to be redeemed at the option of the Company or the holder, and the Board may determine the terms, conditions and manner of redemption of any such shares. |
| 7. | Classes of shares |
| 7.1 | Subject to Article 5, and without limitation, the Company may issue the following shares in the capital of the Company with rights attaching to them and denominated, in each case, as follows: |
| 7.1.1 | Company Ordinary Shares (the “Company Ordinary Shares”). Company Ordinary Shares shall be issued with voting rights and each Company Ordinary Share shall rank equally with all other ordinary shares in the capital of the Company that have voting rights for voting purposes. Each Company Ordinary Share shall rank equally with all other ordinary shares in the capital of the Company for any dividend declared. Each Company Ordinary Share shall rank equally with all other ordinary shares in the capital of the Company for any distribution made on a winding up of the Company. Company Ordinary Shares shall confer on each holder (in that capacity) the right to receive notice of and to attend, speak and vote at, all general meetings of the Company. Company Ordinary Shares may be issued as redeemable shares, at the option of the board. |
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| 7.1.2 | Class B Shares (the “Class B Shares”). The Class B Shares shall be issued without voting rights attached to them. The Class B Shares shall have no right to receive dividends. In respect of a distribution made on a winding up, the Class B Shares entitle its holders to receive, in aggregate, the amount set out in Article 149. The Class B Shares shall not entitle its holders to any further participation in the assets or profits in the Company. The holders of Class B Shares (in that capacity) shall have no right to receive notice of and attend, speak and vote at any general meeting of the Company. Class B Shares may be issued as redeemable shares, at the option of the Board. A reduction by the Company of the capital paid up or credited as paid up on the Class B Shares, the cancellation of such shares and/or the conversion of such shares in accordance with Article 8 will be treated as being in accordance with the rights attaching to the Class B Shares and will not involve any variation. No right, title or interest of any kind in the Class B Shares shall be transferred save with the prior approval of the Board, which consent may be withheld by the Board at its sole discretion. |
| 7.1.3 | Class C Shares (the “Class C Shares”). Class C Shares shall be issued without voting rights attached to them. Each Class C Share shall rank equally with all other ordinary shares in the capital of the Company for any dividend declared. Each Class C Share shall rank equally with all other ordinary shares in the capital of the Company for any distribution made on a winding up. The holders of the Class C Shares (in that capacity) shall have the right to receive notice of and attend and speak at any general meeting of the Company. Class C Shares may be issued as redeemable shares, at the option of the Board. |
| 7.1.4 | Deferred Shares (the “Deferred Shares”). The Deferred Shares shall be issued without voting rights attached to them. The Deferred Shares shall have no right to receive dividends. In respect of a distribution made on a winding up, the Deferred Shares entitle its holders to receive, in aggregate, the amount set out in Article 149. The Deferred Shares shall not entitle its holders to any further participation in the assets or profits in the Company. The holders of Deferred Shares (in that capacity) shall have no right to receive notice of and attend, speak and vote at any general meeting of the Company. Deferred Shares may be issued as redeemable shares, at the option of the Board. No right, title or interest of any kind in the Deferred Shares shall be transferred save with the prior approval of the Board, which consent may be withheld by the Board at its sole discretion. The Company shall have irrevocable authority at any time: |
| 7.1.4.1 | to appoint any one or more of the Directors to execute on behalf of the holders of such Deferred Shares a transfer thereof and/or an agreement to transfer the same for no consideration to such person as the Company may determine as custodian thereof; and/or |
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| 7.1.4.2 | to purchase the same (in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006) for not more than an aggregate sum of €1.00 for all of the Deferred Shares, without obtaining the sanction of the holder or holders thereof and for the purposes of such purchase to appoint any one or more of the Directors to execute on behalf of any holder of Deferred Shares a contract for the sale to the Company of any such shares held by such holder; |
and pending any such transfer and/or purchase the Company shall be entitled to retain the certificates for such Deferred Shares.
| 8. | Conversion of Class B Shares |
| 8.1 | The following terms shall have the meanings set forth below for all purposes of this Article |
| 8.1.1 | “Conversion Date” means the date on which a Conversion Event occurs; |
| 8.1.2 | “Governmental Authority” means any federal, national, state, provincial, municipal, local, foreign, multinational, supra-national, government or governmental authority or regulatory body thereof, or political subdivision thereof, or any commission, department, board, office, bureau, agency, instrumentality or authority thereof, any court, tribunal, arbitrator, arbitration panel or similar judicial body or any self-regulatory organisation or other non-governmental regulatory authority or quasi-governmental authority or other similar dispute resolving panel or body; |
| 8.1.1 | “Governmental Order” means any order, judgment, injunction, decree, writ, stipulation, determination, assessment or award (including any arbitration award), in each case, entered by or with any Governmental Authority; |
| 8.1.2 | “Law” means any statute, law, principle of common law, ordinance, rule, regulation, directive, code, edict, decree, proclamation, treaty, convention or Governmental Order, in each case, of any Governmental Authority; |
| 8.1.3 | “Measurement Period” means the period commencing immediately following the Closing and ending on the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Closing Date; |
| 8.1.4 | “Nasdaq” means The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC; |
| 8.1.5 | “Stock Exchange” means the New York Stock Exchange or Nasdaq; |
| 8.1.6 | “Trading Day” means any day on which the Trading Market is open for trading; |
| 8.1.7 | “Trading Market” means the Stock Exchange on which the Company Ordinary Shares are listed for trading; |
| 8.1.8 | “Transaction Consideration” means the right to receive cash or securities in exchange for Company Ordinary Shares in the event that, prior to the expiration of the Measurement Period and before the Conversion Events are satisfied, the Company consummates a merger, consolidation, business combination, tender offer, reorganisation or other transaction or series of related transactions; |
| 8.1.9 | “Transaction Consideration Value” means, in respect of any Transaction Consideration (expressed on a per-share basis (i.e., per Company Ordinary Share acquired or otherwise exchanged in the applicable transaction)), either: |
| 8.1.9.1 | with respect to Transaction Consideration in the form of cash, the U.S. dollar amount of such cash; |
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| 8.1.9.2 | with respect to Transaction Consideration in the form of securities listed and publicly traded on a Stock Exchange or other national securities exchange: |
| (i) | if holders of Company Ordinary Shares will receive a “floating” amount of such securities equal to a fixed U.S. dollar amount of consideration, the Transaction Consideration Value shall be such fixed U.S. dollar amount of consideration; |
| (ii) | if holders of Company Ordinary Shares will receive a “fixed” number of such securities per Company Ordinary Share, the Transaction Consideration Value of such consideration shall equal the product of (A) the number of securities to be received per Company Ordinary Share multiplied by (B) the VWAP of one such security, determined for the twenty (20) continuous Trading Days ending three (3) Business Days prior to the closing date of such transaction (as reported on Bloomberg); provided that, for the purposes of this article, references to “Company Ordinary Shares” in the definition of Trading Market shall be deemed to be references to the Stock Exchange or other national securities exchange on which such securities are listed; or |
| 8.1.9.3 | with respect to Transaction Consideration in the form of other securities, property or other consideration, the Transaction Consideration Value shall be the fair market value of such other securities, property or other consideration as determined in good faith by the Board; and |
| 8.1.10 | “VWAP” means the volume weighted average price of a Company Ordinary Share, as reported on the Trading Market, determined for any Trading Days (as reported on Bloomberg). |
| 8.2 | Fifty per cent. of the Class B Shares (rounded up to the nearest whole number) held by a member shall, subject to Article 8.10, automatically convert and be redesignated into the same number of Company Ordinary Shares, on a one-for-one basis, in the event that the VWAP of the Company Ordinary Shares shall equal or exceed fifteen dollars ($15.00) for any twenty (20) Trading Days within a thirty (30) Trading Day period during the Measurement Period (the “First Conversion Event”). |
| 8.3 | Fifty per cent. of the Class B Shares held by a member shall, subject to Article 8.10, automatically convert and be redesignated into the same number of Company Ordinary Shares, on a one-for-one basis, in the event that the VWAP of the Company Ordinary Shares shall equal or exceed eighteen dollars ($18.00) for any twenty (20) Trading Days within a thirty (30) Trading Day period during the Measurement Period (the “Second Conversion Event”, and together with the First Conversion Event, the “Conversion Events”). |
| 8.4 | On the Conversion Date, the relevant Class B Shares shall, subject to Article 8.10, without further authority or consent than is contained in these Articles stand converted into the same number of Company Ordinary Shares and be redesignated as such, on a one-for-one basis, and the Company Ordinary Shares resulting from that conversion shall in all other respects rank pari passu with the existing issued Company Ordinary Shares. |
| 8.5 | The Company shall, subject to Article 8.10, on the Conversion Date procure the entry of the holder of the converted Class B Shares on the register of members of the Company as the holder of the appropriate number of Company Ordinary Shares and, in case of holders of certificated Class B Shares, subject to Article 8.10 and subject to the relevant holder delivering its certificate(s) (or an indemnity for lost certificate in a form acceptable to the Board) in respect of the Class B Shares in accordance with this Article, the Company shall within 10 Business Days of the Conversion Date forward to such holder of converted Class B Shares by post to their address shown in the register of members, free of charge, a certificate for the appropriate number of fully paid Company Ordinary Shares. |
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| 8.6 | If any Class B Shareholder becomes entitled to fractions of a Company Ordinary Share as a result of a conversion, the Board shall have the sole discretion to address the treatment of any fractional shares in accordance with the provisions of Article 48.2. |
| 8.7 | The Conversion Events (and, for the avoidance of doubt, the VWAP amounts referenced) set out in this Article 8 and the applicable number of Class B Shares that are convertible into Company Ordinary Shares in respect of each Conversion Event shall be subject to adjustment as determined by the Board in its sole discretion to reflect appropriately the effect of any share split, subdivision, consolidation, capitalisation, share dividend or share distribution, reorganisation, reclassification or other like change that has occurred with respect to Company Ordinary Shares after the Closing and prior to the end of the Measurement Period. |
| 8.8 | To the extent any Class B Shares have not been converted on or before the expiry of the Measurement Period due to failure of a Conversion Event to occur in accordance with this Article 8 during the Measurement Period, the holders of Class B Shares shall have no future rights to convert any such unconverted Class B Shares. In respect of such unconverted Class B Shares as remain after the expiry of the Measurement Period, the Company shall have irrevocable authority at any time: |
| 8.8.1 | to appoint any one or more of the Directors to execute on behalf of the holders of such Class B Shares a transfer thereof and/or an agreement to transfer the same for no consideration to such person as the Company may determine as custodian thereof; and/or |
| 8.8.2 | to purchase the same (in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006) for not more than an aggregate sum of €1.00 for all of the Class B Shares, without obtaining the sanction of the holder or holders thereof and for the purposes of such purchase to appoint any one or more of the Directors to execute on behalf of any holder of Class B Shares a contract for the sale to the Company of any such shares held by such holder. |
| 8.9 | Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, in the event that, prior to the expiration of the Measurement Period and before the conversion thresholds set out in Article 8.1 or Article 8.2 are achieved, the Company consummates a merger, consolidation, business combination, tender offer, reorganisation or other transaction or series of related transactions pursuant to which the holders of Company Ordinary Shares have the right to receive cash or securities (collectively, “Transaction Consideration”) in exchange for their Company Ordinary Shares, and the Transaction Consideration Value of such Transaction Consideration per Company Ordinary Share (the “Per Share Transaction Value”) equals or exceeds the VWAP referenced in a Conversion Event set out in Article 8.1 and Article 8.2, then, effective as of immediately prior to the consummation of any such transaction, the lesser of (i) the number of Class B Shares that would have been converted under this Article 8 if the Per Share Transaction Value had been the VWAP of the Company Ordinary Shares for any twenty (20) Trading Days within a thirty (30) Trading Day period during the Measurement Period and (ii) the remaining Class B Shares that have not yet been converted as of such date, in each case, shall, subject to Article 8.10, automatically convert and be redesignated into the same number of Company Ordinary Shares, on a one-for-one basis. For the avoidance of doubt, if the Per Share Transaction Value is less than any conversion threshold set forth in Article 8.1 or Article 8.2, no Class B Shares shall be converted pursuant to this Article 8.9. |
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| 8.10 | No Class B Shares shall be converted to Company Ordinary Shares where the holder of such Class B Shares is required to file a notification pursuant to the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the “HSR Act”) or under any applicable antitrust Law of any non-U.S. jurisdictions (collectively, “Foreign Antitrust Laws”) until any applicable waiting period pursuant to the HSR Act or Foreign Antitrust Laws has expired or been terminated (provided that any such holder of Class B Shares has notified the Company of such required filing pursuant to the HSR Act or Foreign Antitrust Laws in connection therewith following reasonable advance notice from the Company of the reasonably anticipated conversion of Class B Shares). |
| 8.11 | For so long as the Class B Shares are in issue, no consolidation and/or subdivision of Company Ordinary Shares shall be effected without simultaneous consolidation and/or subdivision of the Class B Shares (and vice versa). |
| 9. | Payment of commissions |
| 9.1 | The Company may exercise the powers of paying commissions and brokerage conferred or permitted by the Statutes. Subject to the Statutes, any such commission may be satisfied by the payment of cash or by the allotment (or an option to call for the allotment) of fully or partly paid shares or partly in one way and partly the other. |
| 10. | Trusts not recognised |
| 10.1 | Except as required by law, no person shall be recognised by the Company as holding any share upon any trust and the Company shall not be bound by or recognise (except as otherwise provided by these Articles or by law or under an order of a court of competent jurisdiction) any interest in any share except an absolute right to the whole of the share in the holder. |
| 11. | Suspension of rights for non-disclosure of interest |
| 11.1 | If a member, or any other person appearing to be interested in shares held by that member, has been duly given a notice under section 793 of the Companies Act 2006 (a “Disclosure Notice”) and has failed in relation to any shares (the “default shares”) to give the Company the information required by such notice within 14 days of the date of such notice, then (unless the Board shall determine otherwise) from the expiry of that period: |
| 11.1.1 | the member shall not be entitled in respect of the default shares to be present or to vote (in person, by proxy or, if it is a corporation, by representative) at any general meeting or at any separate meeting of the holders of any class of shares or on any poll; and |
| 11.1.2 | where the default shares represent at least 0.25 per cent. of the issued shares of the Company or the class in question (in either case, calculated exclusive of shares held as treasury shares): |
| 11.1.2.1 | any dividend (including shares issued in lieu of dividends) or other monies payable in respect of the default shares shall be withheld by the Company, which shall not have any obligation to pay interest on it; and |
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| 11.1.2.2 | no transfer, other than an excepted transfer, of any shares held by the member shall be registered unless the member is not in default as regards supplying the information required and the transfer is of part only of the member’s holding and when lodged for registration is accompanied by a certificate from the member in a form satisfactory to the Board that, after due and careful enquiry, the member is satisfied that no person in default as regards supplying such information is interested in any of the shares that are the subject of the transfer. |
| 11.2 | Where, on the basis of information obtained from a member in respect of any share held by the member or from any other person appearing to be interested in such share, the Company gives a Disclosure Notice to any other person, it shall also send a copy of the notice to that member, but any failure to do so, or the non-receipt of the copy by the member, shall not invalidate or otherwise affect the operation of this Article. |
| 11.3 | Except to the extent that they are default shares by virtue of Article 11.1, any new shares in the Company issued in right of any default share shall be subject to the same restrictions in this Article as apply to the default share and for as long as they so apply. The Board may make any right to an allotment of the new shares subject to such restrictions when those shares are issued (and may for that purpose require the new shares to be issued and held in certificated form). |
| 11.4 | Where any restrictions imposed under this Article apply in relation to any shares, they shall cease to have effect if and when, and to the extent that, the Board so determines, except that particular shares shall in any event automatically cease to be subject to any such restrictions seven days after the earlier of (a) receipt by the Board of notice that such shares are the subject of an excepted transfer and (b) due compliance, to the satisfaction of the Board, with the relevant Disclosure Notice. If any or all of the restrictions in this Article shall cease to apply to particular shares, any dividends and other monies withheld by reason of a restriction which then ceases to apply shall be paid without interest to the person who would have been entitled to them if that restriction had not applied, or as that person may direct. |
| 11.5 | This Article is in addition to, and shall not in any way prejudice or affect, the statutory rights of the Company arising from any failure by any person to give any information required by a Disclosure Notice within the time specified in it. For the purpose of this Article, a Disclosure Notice may require any information to be given before the expiry of 14 days from the date of the notice. |
| 11.6 | For purposes of this Article: |
| 11.6.1 | an “excepted transfer” means |
| 11.6.1.1 | a transfer pursuant to acceptance of a takeover bid; |
| 11.6.1.2 | a transfer in consequence of a sale of the entire interest in the shares the subject of the transfer on a recognised investment exchange or on any other stock exchange outside the United Kingdom on which shares in the Company of that description are normally traded; or |
| 11.6.1.3 | a transfer which is shown to the satisfaction of the Board to be made in consequence of a sale of such an entire interest otherwise than on any such stock exchange to a person who is not connected with the relevant member or with a person appearing to be interested in the shares the subject of the transfer; |
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| 11.6.2 | a “person appearing to be interested” in any shares means any person named in a response to a Disclosure Notice as being so interested or shown in any register kept by the Company under the Companies Act 2006 as so interested or, taking into account any response or failure to respond to such notice or to any other statutory notice or any other relevant information, any person whom the Company has reasonable cause to believe is so interested; |
| 11.6.3 | references to a person having failed to give the Company the information required by a Disclosure Notice, or being in default as regards supplying such information, include (i) references to the person’s having failed or refused to give all or any part of it and (ii) references to the person’s having given information which the person knows to be false in a material particular or the person’s having recklessly given information which is false in a material particular; |
| 11.6.4 | where a person receives a Disclosure Notice and the shares in which such person appears to be interested are held by a Depositary, that person is not considered for the purposes of this article to have an interest or to be a person appearing to have an interest, in any shares held by such Depositary or in which such Depositary is otherwise interested other than those shares specified in the Disclosure Notice and default shares shall be construed accordingly; and |
| 11.6.5 | where a Disclosure Notice has been served on a Depositary, the obligations of such Depositary shall be limited to disclosing to the Company such information requested in the Section 793 Notice relating to any person appearing to be interested in the shares held by it and specified in the Disclosure Notice as has been recorded by such Depositary and the provision of such information shall be at the Company’s cost and default shares shall be construed accordingly and shall be those shares held by it in respect of which it has not complied with such obligations. |
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article, no restriction shall apply by virtue of this Article to the extent that applying the restriction would contravene the Regulations, but, subject to the system’s rules, the Board may require the Operator of a relevant system to convert any share held in uncertificated form into certificated form in order to enable the Company to impose restrictions in relation to the share in accordance with this Article.
| 12. | Variation of rights |
| 12.1 | The Company may by special resolution redesignate any shares, subject, where required, to due compliance with the provisions of the Statutes as to variation of class rights. |
| 12.2 | Subject to the Statutes and any special terms of their issue to the contrary, the rights attached to a class of shares may be varied or abrogated (whether or not the Company is being wound up) either with the consent in writing of the holders of at least three-quarters in nominal value of the shares of that class (excluding any such shares held as treasury shares) or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of that class validly held in accordance with these Articles. This shall apply also to the variation or abrogation of the rights attached to some only of the shares of any class as if each group of shares of the class differently treated formed a separate class, and references in these Articles to classes of shares shall, except in this Article, be read accordingly. No consent shall be required to vary or abrogate the special rights attached to any class of share if no shares of that class are in issue. |
| 13. | Matters not constituting a variation of rights |
| 13.1 | The rights attached to any share or class of shares shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by its terms of issue, be deemed to be varied, abrogated or breached by: |
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| 13.1.1 | the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu with it; |
| 13.1.2 | the purchase or redemption by the Company of any of its own shares (whether of that or any other class) or the sale of any shares (of that class or any other class) held as treasury shares; or |
| 13.1.3 | the exercise of any right or discretion expressly provided for in these articles (including, without limitation, any conversion, reclassification, redesignation or redenomination of shares from one class of shares to another class of shares in accordance with these articles and/or the removal or suspension of voting rights or other rights in respect of any Shares in accordance with these articles). |
| 14. | Right to certificates |
| 14.1 | Except as otherwise provided in these Articles, every person whose name is entered in the Register as a holder of shares in the Company shall be entitled, within the time specified by the Statutes and without payment, to one certificate for all the shares of each class registered in the holder’s name. Upon a transfer of part of the shares of any class registered in the holder’s name, every holder shall be entitled without payment to one certificate for the balance in certificated form of the relevant holding. Upon request and upon payment, for every certificate after the first, of such reasonable sum (if any) as the Board may determine, every holder shall be entitled to receive several certificates for certificated shares of one class registered in the holder’s name (subject to surrender for cancellation of any existing certificate representing such shares). Every holder shall be entitled to receive one certificate in substitution for several certificates for certificated shares of one class registered in the holder’s name upon surrender to the Company of all the share certificates representing such shares. |
| 14.2 | Subject as provided in the preceding part of this Article, the Company shall not be bound to issue more than one certificate in respect of certificated shares registered in the names of two or more persons and delivery of a certificate to one joint holder shall be a sufficient delivery to all of them. |
| 15. | Execution of certificates |
| 15.1 | Every certificate for share or loan capital or other securities of the Company (other than letters of allotment, scrip certificates or similar documents) shall be issued under the Seal (or in such other manner as the Board, having regard to the terms of issue, the Statutes and the requirements of the Relevant Exchange may authorise) and each share certificate shall specify the shares to which it relates, the distinguishing number (if any) of the shares and the amount paid up on the shares. The Board may determine, either generally or in relation to any particular case, that any signature on any certificate need not be autographic but may be applied by some mechanical or other means, or printed on the certificate, or that certificates need not be signed. |
| 16. | Replacement certificates |
| 16.1 | If a share certificate for certificated shares is worn out, defaced or damaged then, upon its surrender to the Company, it shall be replaced free of charge. If a share certificate for certificated shares is or is alleged to have been lost or destroyed it may be replaced without fee but on such terms (if any) as to evidence and indemnity and to payment of any exceptional out-of-pocket expenses of the Company in investigating such evidence and preparing such indemnity as the Board thinks fit. The Company shall be entitled to treat an application for a replacement certificate made by one of joint holders as being made on behalf of all the holders concerned. |
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| 17. | Uncertificated securities |
| 17.1 | Unless otherwise determined by the Board and permitted by the Regulations, the Company shall not issue and no person shall be entitled to receive a certificate in respect of any share or other security issued by the Company for so long as it is in uncertificated form. |
| 17.2 | Conversion of securities in certificated form into uncertificated form, and vice versa, may be made in such manner as the Board may, in its absolute discretion, think fit (subject always to the Statutes and the facilities and requirements of the relevant system). |
| 17.3 | All registers of holders relating to securities issued by the Company will be maintained as required by the Regulations and by the rules of the relevant system and will distinguish between securities held in uncertificated form and securities held in certificated form. Unless the Board shall otherwise determine, holdings of the same holder or joint holders in certificated form shall be treated as separate from the same person or persons’ holdings in uncertificated form, but a class of securities shall not be treated as two classes by virtue only of the fact that it comprises securities in certificated form and securities in uncertificated form (even if, as a result of any provision of these Articles or the Regulations, securities are treated differently according to whether they are in certificated or uncertificated form). |
| 17.4 | No certificate will normally be issued in respect of securities held by a financial institution. |
| 17.5 | The provisions of these Articles shall not apply to shares of any class which are in uncertificated form to the extent that such Articles are inconsistent with: |
| 17.5.1 | the holding of shares of that class in uncertificated form; |
| 17.5.2 | the transfer of title to shares of that class by means of a relevant system; or |
| 17.5.3 | any provision of the Regulations |
but notwithstanding this the Board may require the Operator of a relevant system to convert any share held in uncertificated form into certificated form in order to enable the Company to deal with the share in accordance with these Articles.
| 17.6 | The Company shall be entitled to assume that the entries on any record of securities maintained by it in accordance with the Regulations, and regularly reconciled with the register of securities maintained by the Operator of a relevant system, are a complete and accurate reproduction of the particulars entered in the Operator’s register of securities and shall not be liable in respect of any act or thing done or omitted to be done by or on behalf of the Company in reliance on such assumption; in particular, any provision of these Articles that requires or envisages that action will be taken in reliance on information contained in the Register shall be construed to permit that action to be taken in reliance on information contained in any relevant record of securities (as so maintained and reconciled). |
| 18. | Company’s lien |
| 18.1 | The Company shall have a first and paramount lien on every share (not being a fully paid share) for all monies (whether presently payable or not) called or payable at a fixed time in respect of that share. The Company’s lien on a share shall extend to any amount payable in respect of it. |
| 18.2 | The Board may at any time resolve that any share shall be wholly or in part exempt from this Article. |
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| 19. | Enforcing lien by sale after notice |
| 19.1 | The Company may sell, in such manner as the Board determines, any shares on which the Company has a lien if a sum in respect of which the lien exists is presently payable and is not paid within 14 clear days after a notice demanding payment has been given to the holder of the share or the relevant transmittee indicating that, if the notice is not complied with, the shares will be sold. |
| 20. | Manner of sale |
| 20.1 | To give effect to a sale, the Board may: |
| 20.1.1 | in the case of shares held in certificated form, authorise and instruct some person (which may include the holder of shares concerned) to execute an instrument of transfer of the shares sold; and |
| 20.1.2 | in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, subject to the system’s rules, require the Operator of a relevant system to convert any such share into certificated form in order to enable the Company to deal with the share in accordance with this Article, and after such conversion authorise and instruct some person to execute an instrument of transfer of the share (and to take such other steps as may be necessary to give effect to the sale); |
in each case to, or in accordance with the directions of, the purchaser and the transfer will be valid even if in respect of any of the shares no certificate accompanies the instrument of transfer. The transferee shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money and the transferee’s title to the shares shall not be affected by any irregularity or invalidity of the proceedings in reference to the sale.
| 21. | Application of sale proceeds |
| 21.1 | The net proceeds of the sale, after payment of the costs, shall be applied in or towards payment of so much of the sum for which the lien exists as is presently payable, and any residue shall (in the case of shares held in certificated form, upon surrender to the Company for cancellation of the certificate for the shares sold and in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, within a reasonable time following receipt by the Company of the net proceeds of sale and subject in each such case to a like lien for any monies not presently payable as existed upon the shares before the sale) be paid to the person entitled to the shares immediately before the sale. |
| 22. | Calls |
| 22.1 | Subject to the terms of issue, the Board may from time to time make calls upon the members in respect of any money unpaid on their shares (whether in respect of the nominal amount or by way of premium). Each member shall (subject to receiving at least 14 clear days’ notice specifying when and where payment is to be made) pay to the Company as required by the notice the amount called on the member’s shares. A call may be made payable by instalments. A call may, at any time before receipt by the Company of any sum due under the call, be revoked in whole or in part and payment of a call may be postponed in whole or in part, as the Board may determine. |
| 22.2 | A person upon whom a call is made shall remain liable for all calls made upon that person notwithstanding the subsequent transfer of the shares in respect of which the call was made. |
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| 23. | Time of call |
| 23.1 | A call shall be deemed to have been made at the time when the resolution of the Board authorising the call was passed. |
| 24. | Liability of joint holders |
| 24.1 | The joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay all calls in respect of the share. |
| 25. | Interest |
| 25.1 | If a call remains unpaid after it has become due and payable, the person from whom it is due and payable shall pay all costs, charges and expenses that the Company may have incurred by reason of such non-payment, together with interest on the amount unpaid from the day it became due and payable until the day it is paid at the rate fixed by the terms of issue of the share or in the notice of the call or, if no rate is fixed, at the appropriate rate (as defined by section 609 of the Companies Act 2006) but the Board may waive payment of the interest wholly or in part. |
| 26. | Sums due on allotment or by way of instalment treated as calls |
| 26.1 | An amount payable in respect of a share on allotment or at any fixed date, whether in respect of the nominal amount of the share or by way of premium or as an instalment of a call, shall be deemed to be a call and, if it is not paid these Articles shall apply as if that amount had become due and payable by virtue of a call. |
| 27. | Power to differentiate |
| 27.1 | Subject to the terms of issue, the Board may, on the issue of shares, differentiate between the allottees or holders in the amount of calls to be paid and the times of payment. |
| 28. | Advance payment of calls |
| 28.1 | The Board may, if it thinks fit, receive from any member willing to advance them all or any part of the monies unpaid and uncalled upon the shares held by the member and may pay interest upon the monies so advanced (to the extent such monies exceed the amount of the calls due and payable upon the shares in respect of which they have been advanced) at such rate (not exceeding 15 per cent. per annum unless the Company by ordinary resolution otherwise directs) as the Board may determine. |
| 28.2 | A payment in advance of calls shall extinguish, to the extent of it, the liability upon the shares in respect of which it is advanced. |
| 29. | Notice if call not paid |
| 29.1 | If a call or instalment of a call remains unpaid after it has become due and payable, the Board may at any time serve a notice on the holder requiring payment of so much of the call or instalment as remains unpaid together with any interest which may have accrued thereon and any costs, charges and expenses incurred by the Company by reason of such non-payment. The notice shall specify a further day (not being less than 14 clear days from the date of the notice) on or before which, and the place where the payment required by the notice is to be made and shall indicate that if the notice is not complied with the shares in respect of which the call was made or instalment is payable will be liable to be forfeited. |
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| 29.2 | The Board may accept the surrender of any share liable to be forfeited and, in such case, references in these Articles to forfeiture shall include surrender. |
| 30. | Forfeiture if notice not complied with |
| 30.1 | If any notice served under the immediately preceding Article (Notice if call not paid) is not complied with, any share in respect of which the notice was given may, before payment of all calls or instalments and interest due in respect of it is made, be forfeited by (and with effect from the time of the passing of) a resolution of the Board that such share be forfeited. The forfeiture shall include all dividends declared and other monies payable in respect of the forfeited shares and not paid before the forfeiture. |
| 31. | Notice of forfeiture |
| 31.1 | When any share has been forfeited, notice of the forfeiture shall be served upon the person who was, before the forfeiture, the holder of the share, but a forfeiture shall not be invalidated by any failure to give such notice. An entry of such notice and an entry of the forfeiture with the date thereof shall forthwith be made in the Register in respect of such share. However, no forfeiture shall be invalidated by any omission to make such entries as aforesaid. |
| 32. | Sale of forfeited share |
| 32.1 | Until cancelled in accordance with the Statutes, a forfeited share shall be deemed to be the property of the Company and may be sold, re-allotted or otherwise disposed of either to the person who was the holder before the forfeiture or to any other person upon such terms and in such manner as the Board thinks fit. To give effect to a sale or other disposal, the Board may: |
| 32.1.1 | in the case of shares held in certificated form, authorise and instruct some person (which may include the holder of shares concerned) to execute an instrument of transfer of the shares; and |
| 32.1.2 | in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, subject to the system’s rules, require the Operator of a relevant system to convert any such share into certificated form in order to enable the Company to deal with the share in accordance with this Article, and after such conversion authorise and instruct some person to execute an instrument of transfer of the share (and to take such other steps as may be necessary to give effect to the sale or disposal); |
to the designated transferee (and the transfer will be valid even if in respect of any of the shares no certificate accompanies the instrument of transfer). The Company may receive any consideration given for the share on its disposal and may register the transferee as holder of the share. At any time before a sale, re-allotment or other disposition, the forfeiture may be cancelled on such terms as the Board thinks fit.
| 33. | Arrears to be paid notwithstanding forfeiture |
| 33.1 | A person whose shares have been forfeited shall cease to be a member in respect of the forfeited shares and, in the case of shares held in certificated form, shall surrender to the Company for cancellation the certificate for the forfeited shares but in all cases shall remain liable to the Company for all monies which at the date of forfeiture were presently payable by the person to the Company in respect of those shares with interest thereon from the date of forfeiture until payment at such rate (not exceeding 15 per cent. per annum) as the Board may determine. |
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| 33.2 | The Board may waive payment wholly or in part and the Board may enforce payment without any allowance for the value of the shares at the time of forfeiture or for any consideration received on their disposal. |
| 34. | Statutory declaration and validity of sale |
| 34.1 | A statutory declaration by a Director or the Secretary that a share has been forfeited on a specified date shall be conclusive evidence of the facts stated in it as against all persons claiming to be entitled to the share. The declaration shall (subject to the completion of any formalities necessary to effect a transfer) constitute a good title to the share and the person to whom the share is disposed of shall be registered as the holder of the share and shall be discharged from all calls made prior to such disposition and shall not be bound to see to the application of the consideration (if any), nor shall the person’s title to the share be affected by any irregularity in or invalidity of the proceedings in reference to the forfeiture, sale, re-allotment or other disposal of the share. |
| 35. | Power to sell shares of untraced shareholders |
| 35.1 | Subject to the Regulations, the Company shall be entitled to sell at the best price reasonably obtainable any shares of a holder or transmittee if in respect of those shares: |
| 35.1.1 | no cheque, warrant or other financial instrument or payment sent by the Company in the manner authorised by these Articles has been cashed for a period of at least 12 years (the “qualifying period”) and in the qualifying period the Company has paid at least three dividends and no dividend has been claimed; |
| 35.1.2 | the Company has at the expiration of the qualifying period given notice of its intention to sell such shares by two advertisements, one in a national newspaper published in the United Kingdom and the other in a newspaper circulating in the area in which the last known address of the holder or the address at which service of notices may be effected in the manner authorised by these Articles is located; |
| 35.1.3 | so far as the Board is aware, the Company has not during the qualifying period or the period of three months after the date of such advertisements (or the later of the two dates if they are published on different dates) and prior to the exercise of the power of sale received any communication from the holder or transmittee, |
and where this power has arisen and at the time of its exercise that holder or transmittee holds, or is entitled by transmission to hold, any other shares issued in right of the shares to be sold, this power shall be deemed to have arisen also in relation to those other shares.
| 36. | Manner of sale and creation of debt in respect of net proceeds |
| 36.1 | To give effect to any sale pursuant to the immediately preceding Article, the Board may: |
| 36.1.1 | in the case of shares held in certificated form, authorise and instruct some person (which may include the holder of shares concerned) to execute an instrument of transfer of the shares; and |
| 36.1.2 | in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, subject to the system’s rules, require the Operator of a relevant system to convert any such share into certificated form in order to enable the Company to deal with the share in accordance with this Article, and after such conversion authorise and instruct some person to execute an instrument of transfer of the share (and to take such other steps as may be necessary to give effect to the sale or disposal); |
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and such instrument of transfer and the taking of such other steps as may be necessary shall be as effective as if they had been executed by the holder or transmittee of the shares. The transfer will be valid even if in respect of any of the shares no certificate accompanies the instrument of transfer. The transferee shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money and the transferee’s title shall not be affected by any irregularity in, or invalidity of, the proceedings relating to the sale.
| 36.2 | The net proceeds of sale shall belong to the Company, which shall be indebted to the former holder or transmittee for an amount equal to such proceeds and shall enter the name of such former member or other person in the books of the Company as a creditor for such amount. No trust shall be created in respect of the debt, no interest shall be payable in respect of it and the Company shall not be required to account for any monies earned on the net proceeds, which may be employed in the business of the Company or otherwise invested as the Board thinks fit. |
| 37. | Form and execution of transfer |
| 37.1 | Subject to such of the restrictions of these Articles as may be applicable, a member may transfer all or any of the member’s shares, in the case of shares held in certificated form, by an instrument of transfer in any usual form or in any other form which the Board may approve or, in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, in accordance with the Regulations and the system’s rules and otherwise in such manner as the Board in its absolute discretion shall determine. An instrument of transfer shall be executed by or on behalf of the transferor and (unless the share is fully paid) by or on behalf of the transferee. Subject to the Statutes, the transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of the share until the name of the transferee is entered in the Register in respect of it. |
| 37.2 | Subject to the Statutes and notwithstanding any other provisions of these Articles, the Board shall have power to implement any arrangements it may think fit to enable: |
| 37.2.1 | title to any securities of the Company to be evidenced and transferred without a written instrument in accordance with the Regulations and the facilities and requirements of the relevant system concerned; and |
| 37.2.2 | rights attaching to such securities to be exercised notwithstanding that such securities are held in uncertificated form where, in the Board’s opinion, these Articles do not otherwise allow or provide for such exercise. |
| 37.3 | For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in these Articles shall require shares to be transferred by a written instrument if the Statutes and the rules of the Relevant Exchange provide otherwise and the Directors shall be empowered to implement such arrangements as they consider fit in accordance with and subject to the Statutes and the rules of the Relevant Exchange to regulate the transfer of title to shares in the Company and for the approval or disapproval, as the case may be, by the Board or the Operator of any relevant system of the registration of those transfers. |
| 38. | Right to refuse registration of shares |
| 38.1 | Subject to the Statutes, the Board may refuse to register the transfer of a certificated share which is not fully paid or on which the Company has a lien; provided that, where any such shares are admitted to a Relevant Exchange, such discretion may not be exercised in such a way as to prevent dealings in the shares of that class from taking place on an open and proper basis. |
| 39. | Other rights to refuse registration |
| 39.1 | Subject to the Statutes, the Board may also refuse to register the transfer of a share: |
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| 39.1.1 | in the case of shares held in certificated form, if it is not lodged, duly stamped (if necessary), at the Office or at such other place as the Board may appoint and accompanied by the certificate for the shares to which it relates (where a certificate has been issued in respect of the shares and these Articles do not provide for such a transfer to be valid without production of the certificate) or such other evidence as the Board may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; |
| 39.1.2 | if it is not in respect of one class of share only; |
| 39.1.3 | if it is not in favour of four or fewer transferees; |
| 39.1.4 | if it is in favour of a minor, bankrupt or person of mental ill health; |
| 39.1.5 | without prejudice to the foregoing, in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, in any other circumstances permitted by the Regulations or the system’s rules; |
| 39.1.6 | where the Board is obliged or entitled to refuse to do so as a result of any failure to comply with a notice under section 793 of the Companies Act 2006; or |
| 39.1.7 | if such transfer may violate any law or regulation applicable to the Company, the shares, the holder, the member or proposed transferee or breach of any contractual obligation whether or not the Company is a party to or beneficiary of such contract, including, without limitation, the rules of the Relevant Exchange. |
| 40. | Notice of refusal |
| 40.1 | If the Board refuses to register a transfer it shall, in the case of shares held in certificated form, within two months after the date on which the transfer was lodged and, in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, within two months after the date on which the relevant Operator-instruction was received by or on behalf of the Company, send to the transferee notice of the refusal together with its reasons for the refusal. |
| 41. | No fee for registration |
| 41.1 | No fee shall be charged for the registration of any instrument of transfer or document relating to or affecting the title to any share. |
| 42. | Lock-up of shares |
| 42.1 | The following terms shall have the meanings set forth below for all purposes of this Article 42. |
| 42.1.1 | “affiliate” shall have the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act. |
| 42.1.2 | “Early Release Event” means any of the following: (A) if the Company is merged, consolidated or reorganised with or into another Person, except for any such merger, consolidation or reorganisation in which the Company Ordinary Shares of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger, consolidation or reorganisation continue to represent, or are converted into or exchanged for shares of capital stock that represent, immediately following such merger, consolidation or reorganisation, a majority, by voting power, of the capital stock of the surviving or resulting corporation (or of a parent company thereof); (B) the Company sells, leases, assigns, transfers, licenses or otherwise disposes of, in one or a series of related transactions, all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or the sale or disposition (whether by merger or otherwise) of one or more Subsidiaries of the Company if substantially all of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, are held by such Subsidiaries, except where such sale, lease, assignment, transfer, license or other disposition is to a Subsidiary of the Company; (C) any transaction or series of transactions, taken together, that constitute a “going private” transaction pursuant to Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act or pursuant to which the Company otherwise ceases to be subject to reporting obligations under Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act; or (D) if the Company Ordinary Shares shall cease to be listed on a national securities exchange, in the case of each of clauses (A), (B), (C) and (D), whether by amalgamation, merger, consolidation, arrangement, tender offer, recapitalisation, purchase, issuance, sale or transfer of Equity Securities or assets or otherwise. |
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| 42.1.3 | “Equity Awards” means restricted share units, options, warrants or other equity or equity-based awards or rights with respect to or to purchase ordinary shares granted pursuant to any equity incentive plan, award agreement or other compensatory arrangement of the Company. |
| 42.1.4 | “Excluded Shares” means (i) any PIPE Shares, (ii) any Pre-PIPE Shares, (iii) any Post-PIPE Shares, (iv) any shares acquired in open market transactions following the Closing Date, and (v) with respect to each Lock-up Shareholder, up to 10,000 Company Ordinary Shares held by such Lock-up Shareholder immediately following the Closing Date provided that such shares have been held by such Lock-up Shareholder for more than twelve (12) months prior to the Closing Date. |
| 42.1.5 | “Lock-up Period” means the period beginning on the Closing Date and ending on the earlier of (i) one hundred and eighty (180) days following the Closing Date and (ii) with respect to all or any portion of the Lock-up Shares, such earlier date of release as may be permitted pursuant to Article 42.2. |
| 42.1.6 | “Lock-up Permitted Transferee” means any Permitted Transferee that becomes bound by the restrictions set forth in this Article 42 in accordance with Article 42.3. |
| 42.1.7 | “Lock-up Shareholders” means each holder of Company Ordinary Shares immediately following the Closing Date, other than, solely with respect to any Excluded Shares, any holder of such Excluded Shares. |
| 42.1.8 | “Lock-up Shares” means, with respect to any Lock-up Shareholder and its Lock-up Permitted Transferees, all Company Ordinary Shares held by such Lock-up Shareholder immediately following the Closing Date, in each case excluding any Excluded Shares. |
| 42.1.9 | “Lock-up Trading Measurement Period” means the period beginning on the ninetieth (90th) day following the Closing Date and ending on the expiration of the Lock-up Period. |
| 42.1.10 | “Permitted Transferee” means, with respect to any Equity Holder, (a) any affiliate of such Equity Holder, (b) in the case of an individual, any member of such individual’s immediate family or any trust, family limited partnership or other estate planning vehicle established for the direct or indirect benefit of such individual or any member of such individual’s immediate family, (c) any partner, member, shareholder or equityholder of such Equity Holder, (d) any nominee, custodian or other Person holding Company Ordinary Shares on behalf of a beneficial owner, so long as there is no change in the beneficial ownership of such shares, and (e) any other Person approved by the Board; provided that, in each case, such transferee complies with Article 42.3. |
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| 42.1.11 | “PIPE Investment” means any private placement or other subscription investment in ordinary shares consummated substantially concurrently with the Closing Date. |
| 42.1.12 | “PIPE Shares” means any ordinary shares purchased in the PIPE Investment. |
| 42.1.13 | “Post-PIPE Investment” means the investment in ordinary shares contemplated by that certain capital raise completed by the Company in July and August 2026. |
| 42.1.14 | “Post-PIPE Shares” means any ordinary shares issued or issuable pursuant to the Post-PIPE Investment. |
| 42.1.15 | “Pre-PIPE Investment” means the investment in ordinary shares contemplated by those certain subscription agreements entered into in March and April 2026 by and among the Company and the investors party thereto. |
| 42.1.16 | “Pre-PIPE Shares” means any ordinary shares issued or issuable pursuant to the Pre-PIPE Investment. |
| 42.1.17 | “Release Thresholds” means, collectively, the First Lock-Up Release Threshold, Second Lock-Up Release Threshold and the Third Lock-Up Release Threshold. |
| 42.1.18 | “Trading Day” means any day on which the Company Ordinary Shares are actually traded on a Relevant Exchange or any other exchange on which the Company Ordinary Shares are then listed or quoted. |
| 42.1.19 | “Transfer” means, directly or indirectly, to (a) sell, assign, offer to sell, contract or agree to sell, hypothecate, pledge or otherwise dispose of, or agree to dispose of, any security, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act with respect to any security, (b) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any security, or any other derivative transaction with respect to any security, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of such securities, in cash or otherwise, or (c) publicly announce any intention to effect any transaction specified in clause (a) or clause (b). |
| 42.1.20 | “VWAP” means, for any Trading Day, the volume-weighted average price of the Company Ordinary Shares on the principal exchange on which such securities are then listed or quoted, as reported on Bloomberg; provided that, if such price is not available on Bloomberg, such price shall be determined by reference to market quotations for the Company Ordinary Shares on such exchange or quotation system. |
| 42.2 | Subject to Article 42.3, each Lock-up Shareholder agrees that it shall not Transfer any Lock-up Shares, or any instruments exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, Lock-up Shares, during the applicable Lock-up Period (the “Lock-up”); provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, any Excluded Shares shall not constitute Lock-up Shares and shall not be subject to the Lock-up. |
| 42.2.1 | Fifty percent (50%) of the Lock-up Shares shall be released for Transfer immediately and shall no longer be subject to the Transfer restrictions set forth in Article 42.2 if the VWAP of the Company Ordinary Shares is at or above $12.00 for any twenty (20) Trading Days (which need not be consecutive) over any thirty (30) Trading Day period at any time during the Lock-up Trading Measurement Period (the “First Lock-Up Release Threshold”). |
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| 42.2.2 | Twenty-five percent (25%) of the Lock-up Shares shall be released for Transfer immediately and shall no longer be subject to the Transfer restrictions set forth in Article 42.2 if the VWAP of the Company Ordinary Shares is at or above $15.00 for any twenty (20) Trading Days (which need not be consecutive) over any thirty (30) Trading Day period at any time during the Lock-up Trading Measurement Period (the “Second Lock-Up Release Threshold”). |
| 42.2.3 | Twenty-five percent (25%) of the Lock-up Shares shall be released for Transfer immediately and shall no longer be subject to the Transfer restrictions set forth in Article 42.2 if the VWAP of the Company Ordinary Shares is at or above $18.00 for any twenty (20) Trading Days (which need not be consecutive) over any thirty (30) Trading Day period at any time during the Lock-up Trading Measurement Period (the “Third Lock-Up Release Threshold”). |
| 42.2.4 | If an Early Release Event occurs during the Lock-up Period, then all Lock-up Shares that have not been released for Transfer shall be released for Transfer immediately and shall no longer be subject to the Transfer restrictions set forth in this Article 42, effective immediately prior to the consummation of such Early Release Event, and the Lock-up Period shall expire on the date of such Early Release Event. |
| 42.2.5 | For the avoidance of doubt, the time period in respect of which any Release Threshold is calculated may run concurrently with, and/or may overlap with, the time period in respect of which any other Release Threshold is calculated, and multiple tranches of Lock-up Shares may therefore be released concurrently with respect to the same period or any overlapping portion thereof. |
| 42.3 | Notwithstanding Article 42.2, each Lock-up Shareholder and each of its Lock-up Permitted Transferees (each, an “Equity Holder” and, collectively, the “Equity Holders”) may Transfer Lock-up Shares during the applicable Lock-up Period in the following circumstances: |
| 42.3.1 | to any Permitted Transferee; provided that, prior to and as a condition to the effectiveness of any such Transfer, such Permitted Transferee shall execute and deliver to the Company a written agreement to be bound by the restrictions set forth in this Article 42, whereupon such transferee shall be deemed a “Lock-up Permitted Transferee” for all purposes of this Article 42; |
| 42.3.2 | as one or more bona fide gifts or charitable contributions, or for bona fide estate planning purposes; provided that such Transfer shall not involve a disposition for value and, prior to and as a condition to the effectiveness of any such Transfer, the donee or transferee shall execute and deliver to the Company a written agreement to be bound by the restrictions set forth in this Article 42; |
| 42.3.3 | upon death by will, testamentary document or intestate succession; provided that, prior to and as a condition to the effectiveness of any Transfer of Lock-up Shares by the applicable recipient, such recipient shall execute and deliver to the Company a written agreement to be bound by the restrictions set forth in this Article 42; |
| 42.3.4 | by operation of law, including pursuant to a court or regulatory agency order, qualified domestic order, divorce settlement, divorce decree or separation agreement; |
| 42.3.5 | to the Company in connection with the vesting, settlement or exercise of any Equity Awards, including for the payment of any exercise price or tax, remittance or other obligations due as a result of such vesting, settlement or exercise, whether by way of “net” or “cashless” exercise, “net settlement” or otherwise; provided that any Company Ordinary Shares received upon such vesting, settlement or exercise and not used for the payment of any such exercise price or tax, remittance or other obligations shall remain subject to the restrictions set forth in this Article 42; |
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| 42.3.6 | in open market transactions during the Lock-up Period to generate net proceeds, after deducting commissions, in an aggregate amount not to exceed the amount necessary to satisfy (i) any exercise price payable in connection with the exercise during the Lock-up Period of Equity Awards held by such Equity Holder and (ii) any taxes or estimated taxes, including withholding taxes, that become due as a result of the vesting, settlement or exercise during the Lock-up Period of Equity Awards held by such Equity Holder; provided that any Company Ordinary Shares retained by such Equity Holder after giving effect to any such sale shall remain subject to the restrictions set forth in this Article 42; |
| 42.3.7 | pursuant to a bona fide third-party tender offer, merger, consolidation, arrangement, amalgamation or other similar transaction that is approved by the Board and made to all holders of Company Ordinary Shares and that, if consummated, would result in an Early Release Event; provided that, if such transaction is not consummated, the Lock-up Shares shall remain subject to the restrictions set forth in this Article 42; |
| 42.3.8 | in connection with the establishment of a written trading plan meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act; provided that no Lock-up Shares may be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of under such plan during the Lock-up Period; and |
| 42.3.9 | with the prior written consent of the Board. |
| 42.4 | In the case of any Transfer or other transaction pursuant to Articles 42.3.2 to 42.3.6 or 42.3.8, no public filing, report or announcement shall be voluntarily made by or on behalf of the applicable Equity Holder during the Lock-up Period, and if any such filing, report or announcement is legally required during the Lock-up Period, such filing, report or announcement shall clearly indicate the circumstances of such Transfer or other transaction and, where applicable, that the relevant Lock-up Shares remain subject to the restrictions set forth in this Article 42. |
| 43. | Retention of documents |
| 43.1 | Any instrument of transfer which is registered may be retained by the Company, but any instrument of transfer which the Board refuses to register shall be returned to the person lodging it when notice of the refusal is given. |
| 44. | Other Registers |
| 44.1 | Subject to the Statutes, the Company may keep an overseas, local or other register in any place, and the Board may make and vary such regulations as it may think fit concerning the keeping of that register. |
| 45. | Transmission |
| 45.1 | Where transmission occurs in relation to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a member or of any other event giving rise to its transmission by operation of law, the survivor or survivors (in the case of death) where the member was a joint holder, and the transmittee where the member was a sole holder or the only survivor of joint holders, shall be the only person recognised by the Company as having any title to the relevant shares; but nothing contained in this Article shall release the estate of a deceased member from any liability in respect of any share solely or jointly held by the deceased member. |
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| 46. | Election by transmittee |
| 46.1 | A transmittee may, upon such evidence being produced as the Board may require and subject (where relevant) to the system’s rules, elect either to become the holder of the share or to have some person nominated by the transmittee registered as the transferee. If electing to become the holder, the transmittee shall give notice to the Company to that effect. If electing to have another person registered, the transmittee shall, subject (where relevant) to the system’s rules, effect or procure a transfer of the share in favour of that person. Subject to the Statutes, all the provisions of these Articles relating to the transfer of shares shall apply to the notice or instrument of transfer as if the death or bankruptcy of the member or other event giving rise to the transmission had not occurred and the notice or instrument of transfer was an instrument of transfer executed by the member. |
| 47. | Rights in respect of the share |
| 47.1 | A transmittee shall have all the same rights as a holder of the share concerned, except that the transmittee shall not be entitled in respect of the share to attend or vote at any general meeting of the Company or at any separate meeting of the holders of any class of shares in the Company until the transmittee is registered as the holder of the share. The Board may at any time give notice to the transmittee requiring the transmittee to elect either to become the holder of the share or to transfer the share and, if the notice is not complied with within 60 clear days from the date of the notice, the Board may withhold payment of all dividends and other monies payable in respect of the share until the transmittee complies with the notice. |
| 48. | Alteration of capital |
| 48.1 | Where the Company sub-divides its shares, or any of them, into shares of a smaller amount, the resolution may determine that, as between the shares resulting from the sub-division, any of them may have a preference or advantage, or may have such qualified or deferred rights or be subject to restrictions, as compared with others. |
| 48.2 | Whenever as a result of a consolidation, division or sub-division of shares any member would become entitled to fractions of a share, the Board may deal with the fractions as it thinks fit and, in particular, may: |
| 48.2.1 | sell the shares representing the fractions to any person (including, subject to the Statutes, the Company) and may distribute the net proceeds of sale in due proportion among those members except for amounts of £5.00 (or its equivalent in US dollars at the relevant time) or less, which shall be retained for the benefit of the Company. To give effect to any such sale, the Board may authorise and instruct a person to take such steps as may be necessary (subject, in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, to the system’s rules) to transfer or deliver the shares to, or in accordance with the directions of, the purchaser. Subject to the Statutes, where a shareholder holds shares in both certificated and uncertificated form, the Board may for these purposes treat them as separate holdings, and may at its discretion arrange for any shares representing fractions to be entered in the Register as held in certificated or uncertificated form in order to facilitate their sale under this Article. The transferee shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money and the transferee’s title shall not be affected by any irregularity in, or invalidity of, the proceedings relating to the sale; |
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| 48.2.2 | subject to the Statutes, issue to a member credited as fully paid up by way of capitalisation the minimum number of shares required to round up their holding of shares to a number that, following consolidation and division or sub-division, leaves a whole number of shares (such issue being deemed to have been effected immediately before consolidation or sub-division, as the case may be). The amount required to pay up those shares may, as the Board thinks fit, be capitalised by resolution of the Board out of amounts standing to the credit of reserves (including share premium account, capital redemption reserve, redenomination reserve and profit and loss account), whether or not available for distribution, and applied in paying up in full the appropriate number of shares at par, and the Board may exercise all the powers conferred on it by Article 135 without an ordinary resolution; or |
| 48.2.3 | consolidate and if required subdivide any such fractions into such number of shares of such class as the Board may determine without the requirement for a resolution of the Company (including into a class of deferred non voting shares with no rights to dividends and rights to capital only after the holders of any other class of share have received back such amounts as the Board determines on a return of capital) and which may be purchased by the Company for the aggregate nominal value of such shares which amount shall be held on trust for the shareholders that would otherwise be entitled to receive payment. No share certificate shall be issued in respect of any such class of shares. |
| 49. | Purchase of own shares |
| 49.1 | Subject to the Statutes and to any rights conferred on the holders of any class of shares, the Company may purchase its shares (including any redeemable shares). |
| 49.2 | On a purchase by the Company of its own shares, neither the Company nor the Board shall be required to select the shares to be purchased rateably or in any particular manner as between the holders of shares of the same class or as between them and the holders of shares of any other class or in accordance with the rights as to dividends or capital attached to any class of shares. |
| 50. | Convening general meetings |
| 50.1 | The Board may convene a general meeting whenever it thinks fit and shall do so on requisition in accordance with the Statutes. A general meeting may be convened and held in any manner permitted by these Articles. |
| 50.2 | The Board can make whatever arrangements it thinks fit to allow those entitled to do so to attend and participate in any general meeting, including by means of an electronic facility, and any reference in these Articles to a member’s or proxy’s attendance in person shall be construed accordingly notwithstanding that they might not be in a place where others are physically attending. |
| 50.3 | Where attendance by electronic facility is enabled, the requirement to put any document on display or make it available for inspection will be satisfied if the document is made available for the required period in electronic form to those persons entitled to inspect it. |
| 50.4 | Unless the notice of meeting provides, or the chair of the meeting decides, otherwise, a general meeting will be treated as taking place where the chair of the meeting is at the time of the meeting. |
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| 51. | Length of notice period |
| 51.1 | An annual general meeting shall be convened by at least 21 clear days’ notice. Subject to the Statutes, all other general meetings shall be convened by at least 14 clear days’ notice. Subject to these Articles and to any restrictions imposed on any shares, the notice shall be given to all the members, to all transmittees and to the Directors and Auditors. |
| 52. | General meeting record date |
| 52.1 | Notwithstanding any other provision of these Articles, and subject to the Statutes, the Board may, for the purpose of determining which persons are entitled to attend and vote at a general meeting of the Company, or a separate general meeting of the holders of any class of shares, and how many votes such persons may cast, specify in the notice of meeting a time by which a person must be entered on the Register in order to have the right to attend or vote at the meeting provided that such time shall not be more than forty (40) days nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, and changes to the Register after the time specified by virtue of this Article 52 shall be disregarded in determining the rights of any person to attend or vote at the meeting. |
| 53. | Omission or non-receipt of notice |
| 53.1 | No proceedings at any meeting shall be invalidated by any accidental omission to give notice of the meeting, or to send an instrument of proxy, to any person entitled to receive it or, in the case of notice in electronic form or made available by means of a website, to invite any such person to appoint a proxy, or by reason of any such person not receiving any such notice, instrument or invitation. |
| 54. | Change of arrangements for general meetings |
| 54.1 | If for any reason the Board considers it impractical or undesirable to hold a meeting on the day, at the time or in any place specified for the holding of the meeting, or if the Board decides to change the arrangements for holding the meetings, whether by introducing, varying or cancelling the use of an electronic facility or in any other respect, it can change such date, time, place and arrangements (or whichever it requires), and may do so more than once in relation to the same meeting. There shall be no business of the meeting other than business that would have been transacted had no change been made. References in these Articles to the time of the holding of general meetings shall in the case of a postponed meeting be construed accordingly and any appointment of proxy may be validly received at such later time as is consistent with the altered time. The Board will, insofar as it is practicable, take reasonable steps to ensure that the change is announced on the Company’s website or by a relevant regulatory news service, but it shall not be necessary to restate the business of the meeting in the announcement. |
| 55. | Quorum |
| 55.1 | No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum is present when the meeting proceeds to business, but the absence of a quorum shall not preclude the choice or appointment of a chair of the meeting. Except as otherwise provided by these Articles, two members present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote shall be a quorum for all purposes. |
| 56. | Procedure if quorum not present |
| 56.1 | If within five minutes (or such longer time not exceeding one hour as the chair of the meeting may decide to wait) after the time appointed for the commencement of the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting shall (if requisitioned in accordance with the Statutes) be dissolved or (in any other case) stand adjourned to such other day (not being less than ten clear days nor more than 28 days later) and time as may be decided by the chair of the meeting, who shall also decide as to any place or places for the meeting and the means of attending and participating at the adjourned meeting. One member present in person or by proxy (whatever the number of shares held by the member) and entitled to vote shall be a quorum at the adjourned meeting. |
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| 56.2 | The Company shall give not less than seven clear days’ notice of any meeting adjourned through want of a quorum and the notice shall specify that one member present in person or by proxy (whatever the number of shares held by the member) and entitled to vote shall be a quorum. |
| 57. | Chair of general meeting |
| 57.1 | The chair (if any) of the Board or, in the chair’s absence, the deputy chair (if any) shall preside as chair at every general meeting. If there is no such chair or deputy chair, or if at any meeting neither the chair nor a deputy chair is present within five minutes after the time appointed for the commencement of the meeting, or if neither of them is willing to act as chair, the Directors present shall choose one of their number to act, or if one Director only is present that Director shall preside as chair, if willing to act. If no Director is present, or if each of the Directors present declines to take the chair, the persons present and entitled to vote shall elect one of their number to be chair. |
| 57.2 | The chair of the meeting may invite any person to attend and speak (including by means of an electronic facility) at any general meeting of the Company whom the chair considers to be equipped by knowledge or experience of the Company’s business to assist in the deliberations of the meeting. |
| 57.3 | The decision of the chair of the meeting as to points of order, matters of procedure or arising incidentally out of the business of a general meeting shall be conclusive, as shall be the chair’s decision, acting in good faith, on whether a point or matter is of this nature. |
| 58. | Attendance and speaking at general meetings |
| 58.1 | The Directors may make whatever arrangements they consider appropriate to enable those attending a general meeting to exercise their rights to speak or vote at it, including arrangements involving the use of an electronic facility for those who are not in a place where others are physically attending. |
| 58.2 | A person is able to exercise the right to speak at a general meeting when that person is in a position during the meeting, including by means of an electronic facility, to communicate simultaneously to all those attending the meeting any information or opinions which that person has on the business of the meeting. |
| 58.3 | A person is able to exercise the right to vote at a general meeting when: |
| 58.3.1 | that person is able, including by means of an electronic facility, to vote during the meeting on resolutions put to the vote at the meeting or, in the case of a poll, within the time specified for the taking of the poll; and |
| 58.3.2 | that person’s vote can be taken into account in determining whether or not such resolutions are passed at the same time as the votes of all the other persons attending the meeting. |
| 58.4 | All persons seeking to attend and participate in a general meeting by means of an electronic facility are responsible for maintaining adequate facilities to enable them to do so. Subject to the right of the chair to adjourn a general meeting under these Articles, the inability of a person at any time to attend or participate in the whole or any part of a general meeting by means of an electronic facility shall not invalidate the proceedings of that meeting. |
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| 58.5 | Each Director shall be entitled to attend and to speak at any general meeting of the Company and at any separate general meeting of the holders of any class of shares or debentures in the Company. |
| 59. | Satellite meeting places |
| 59.1 | If the Board so decides, a general meeting or adjourned meeting may be held at a certain place (the “Principal Place”), such as the place at which the chair of the meeting will be present, but with one or more other places made available as satellite meeting places. Members entitled to attend and participate in the meeting who attend any such satellite meeting place in person or by proxy may be counted in the quorum and participate in the general meeting or adjourned meeting as if they were at the Principal Place; and for the purposes of these Articles the meeting shall consist of all those persons entitled to attend and participate in the meeting who attend (including by means of an electronic facility), whether at the Principal Place or any satellite meeting place. |
| 59.2 | If not stated in the notice of meeting, the location of any satellite meeting place may be given in a letter accompanying the notice of meeting, but any failure to do this will not invalidate the notice of meeting. |
| 59.3 | The meeting will be duly constituted and its proceedings valid if the chair of the meeting is satisfied that facilities are available throughout the meeting to enable all members or proxies attending the meeting by whatever means and at all the meeting places to: |
| 59.3.1 | participate in the business for which the meeting has been called; |
| 59.3.2 | hear all the people who speak at the meeting and at any satellite meeting place; and |
| 59.3.3 | be heard by all other people attending and participating in the meeting. |
| 59.4 | The Board may make such arrangements as it thinks fit for simultaneous attendance and participation at the meeting, including the use of over-flow rooms, and may vary any such arrangements or make new arrangements. Arrangements may be notified in advance or at the meeting by whatever means the Board thinks appropriate to the circumstances. Each person entitled to attend the meeting will be bound by the arrangements made by the Board. |
| 60. | Security arrangements |
| 60.1 | The Board may direct that persons entitled to attend any general meeting should submit to such procedures, including searches, identification vetting, health and safety checks, questions or other security arrangements or restrictions, both before and during the meeting, as the Board shall, in compliance with the Statutes, consider appropriate in the circumstances and the Board may in its absolute discretion refuse entry or access by electronic facility to the meeting to any person who fails to comply with any such procedure. If any person has gained entry or access to a general meeting and refuses to comply with any such procedure or disrupts the proper and orderly conduct of the meeting, the chair of the meeting may at any time without the consent of the meeting require the person to leave or to be removed from the meeting or may, if the person is participating by electronic facility, disconnect the person from the meeting. |
| 61. | Adjournments |
| 61.1 | The chair of the meeting may at any time without the consent of the meeting adjourn any meeting (whether or not it has commenced or a quorum is present) either indefinitely or to such time as the chair may decide if it appears to the chair that: |
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| 61.1.1 | any place appointed for the meeting cannot conveniently accommodate the persons entitled to attend; |
| 61.1.2 | the conduct of persons present prevents, or is likely to prevent, the orderly continuation of business or the security arrangements for holding the meeting are otherwise compromised or likely to be inadequate; |
| 61.1.3 | the outage, inadequacy or unreliability of any electronic facility used for the purposes of the meeting is such that the meeting cannot properly proceed; or |
| 61.1.4 | an adjournment is otherwise necessary so that the business of the meeting may be properly conducted |
and, if the chair fixes a time for the adjourned meeting the chair shall also decide as to any place or places for the adjourned meeting and the means of attending and participating at the adjourned meeting.
| 61.2 | In addition, the chair of the meeting may at any time with the consent of any meeting at which a quorum is present (and shall if so directed by the meeting) adjourn the meeting either indefinitely or to such time as the chair may decide. When the chair fixes a time for the adjourned meeting the chair shall also decide as to any place or places for the adjourned meeting and the means of attending and participating at the adjourned meeting, but if the meeting is adjourned indefinitely such matters shall be fixed by the Board. |
| 61.3 | No business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting except business which might properly have been transacted at the meeting had the adjournment not taken place. Except as expressly provided otherwise, the provisions of these Articles relating to general meetings shall apply equally to any adjourned meeting. |
| 62. | Notice of adjourned meeting |
| 62.1 | If a meeting is adjourned indefinitely or for 30 days or more or for lack of a quorum, at least seven clear days’ notice specifying the place, the day and the time of the adjourned meeting shall be given, but it shall not be necessary to specify in the notice the nature of the business to be transacted at the adjourned meeting. Otherwise, it shall not be necessary to give notice of an adjourned meeting. |
| 63. | Method of voting |
| 63.1 | For so long as any shares are held in a settlement system operated by DTC, any resolution put to the vote of a general meeting must be decided on a poll (and for so long as any shares are held in a settlement system operated by DTC this provision may not be amended without the unanimous consent of all the members). If no shares are held in a settlement system operated by DTC, at any general meeting a resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall be decided on a show of hands unless before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands a poll is duly demanded. Subject to the Statutes, a poll may be demanded by: |
| 63.1.1 | the chair of the meeting; |
| 63.1.2 | at least five members or proxies entitled to vote on the resolution; |
| 63.1.3 | any member or proxy alone or together with one or more others representing in aggregate at least one-tenth of the total voting rights of all the members having the right to attend and vote on the resolution (excluding any voting rights attached to any shares held as treasury shares); or |
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| 63.1.4 | any member or proxy alone or together with one or more others holding or having been appointed in respect of shares conferring a right to vote on the resolution, being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid up on all the shares conferring that right (excluding any voting rights attached to any shares held as treasury shares). |
| 63.2 | Unless a poll is so required or demanded and the demand is not withdrawn, a declaration by the chair of the meeting that a resolution has been carried or carried unanimously or by a particular majority or not carried by a particular majority or lost and an entry to that effect in the minutes of the meeting shall be conclusive evidence of the fact without proof of the number or proportion of the votes recorded in favour of or against such resolution. |
| 63.3 | Where members are present in person or by proxy by means of an electronic facility, all resolutions shall be decided on a poll and without first being put to a show of hands. A poll shall be deemed to have been duly demanded automatically at the time fixed for the meeting and those attending by electronic facility shall cast their votes by such electronic means as the Board shall have approved. |
| 64. | Votes of members |
| 64.1 | Subject to the Statutes, to any rights or restrictions attached to any shares and to any other provisions of these Articles, on a show of hands every member who is present in person shall have one vote and on a poll every member shall have one vote for every share of which the member is the holder. |
| 64.2 | If the notice of the meeting has specified a time (which is not more than 48 hours, taking no account of any part of a day that is not a working day, before the time fixed for the meeting) by which a person must be entered on the Register in order to have the right to attend and vote at the meeting, no person registered after that time shall be eligible to attend and vote at the meeting in person or by proxy by right of that registration, even if present at the meeting. References in these Articles to members present in person or by proxy shall be construed accordingly. |
| 65. | Votes of joint holders |
| 65.1 | In the case of joint holders of a share who are entitled to vote the vote of the senior who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders; and seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names of the holders stand in the Register. |
| 66. | Votes of member suffering incapacity |
| 66.1 | A member in respect of whom an order has been made by any competent court or official on the ground that the member is or may be suffering from mental disorder or is otherwise incapable of managing the member’s own affairs may vote, whether on a show of hands or on a poll, by any person authorised in such circumstances to do so on the member’s behalf and that person may vote on a poll by proxy. The vote of such member shall not be valid unless evidence to the satisfaction of the Board of the authority of the person claiming to exercise the right to vote is deposited at the Office, or at such other place as is specified in accordance with these Articles for the deposit of appointments of proxy in hard copy form, not later than the last time at which an appointment of proxy should have been delivered in order to be valid for use at that meeting or on the holding of that poll. |
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| 67. | No right to vote where sums overdue on shares |
No member shall, unless the Board otherwise decides, vote at any general meeting or at any separate meeting of holders of any class of shares in the Company, either in person or by proxy, or exercise any other right or privilege as a member in respect of any share in the Company held by the member unless all monies presently payable by the member in respect of that share have been paid.
| 68. | Votes on a poll |
| 68.1 | On a poll, a member entitled to more than one vote on a poll need not, if the member votes, use all the member’s votes, or cast all the votes the member uses, in the same way. |
| 69. | Right to withdraw demand for a poll |
| 69.1 | Except in the case of a poll that, in accordance with these Articles, has been deemed to have been demanded, the demand for a poll may, before the earlier of the close of the meeting and the taking of the poll, be withdrawn but only with the consent of the chair of the meeting and, if a demand is withdrawn, any other persons entitled to demand a poll may do so. If a demand is withdrawn, it shall not be taken to have invalidated any result of a show of hands declared before the demand was made. If a poll is demanded before the declaration of the result of a show of hands and the demand is duly withdrawn, the chair of the meeting may give whatever directions the chair considers necessary to ensure that the business of the meeting proceeds as it would have if the demand had not been made. |
| 70. | Procedure if poll demanded |
| 70.1 | A duly demanded poll shall be taken in such manner as the chair of the meeting directs and the chair may appoint scrutineers (who need not be persons entitled to vote) and fix a time and place for declaring the result of the poll. The result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded. |
| 71. | When poll to be taken |
| 71.1 | A poll duly demanded on the election of a chair of the meeting or on a question of adjournment shall be taken forthwith. A poll duly demanded on any other question shall be taken either forthwith or on such date (being not more than 30 days after the poll is demanded) as may be fixed by the chair of the meeting, who shall also give directions as to any place or places for taking the poll and the manner or means (including by electronic facility) by which it will be taken. No notice need be given of a poll not taken immediately if the time at which it is to be taken, and any place or places for taking the poll and the manner or means by which it will be taken are announced at the meeting at which it is demanded. In any other case, at least seven clear days’ notice shall be given specifying the time and any place or places for taking the poll and the manner or means by which it will be taken. The result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded. |
| 72. | Continuance of other business after poll demanded |
| 72.1 | The demand for a poll shall not prevent the continuance of a meeting for the transaction of any business other than the question on which the poll was demanded. |
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| 73. | Proposal or amendment of resolution |
| 73.1 | A resolution proposed by the chair of the meeting does not need to be seconded. |
| 73.2 | A resolution duly proposed as a special resolution may be amended by ordinary resolution if the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the resolution is to be proposed proposes that the resolution be amended and the amendment does not go beyond what is necessary to correct a grammatical or other non-substantive error in the resolution. |
| 73.3 | A resolution duly proposed as an ordinary resolution may be amended by ordinary resolution if, at least 48 hours prior to the time appointed for holding the meeting, or adjourned meeting, at which the ordinary resolution is to be proposed, a person entitled to vote at that meeting or adjourned meeting gives notice of the terms of the amendment and of the intention to move the amendment by lodging such notice in writing in hard copy form at the Office, or if it is received from such person in electronic form at the electronic address at which the Company has, or is deemed to have, agreed to receive it, and the proposed amendment does not, in the reasonable opinion of the chair of the meeting or adjourned meeting, materially alter the scope of the resolution. |
| 74. | Amendment of resolution ruled out of order |
| 74.1 | If an amendment is proposed to any resolution under consideration which the chair of the meeting rules out of order, the proceedings on the substantive resolution shall not be invalidated by any error in such ruling. |
| 75. | Objections or errors in voting |
| 75.1 | If: |
| 75.1.1 | any objection shall be raised to the qualification of any voter; |
| 75.1.2 | any votes have been counted which ought not to have been counted or which might have been rejected; or |
| 75.1.3 | any votes are not counted which ought to have been counted |
the objection or error shall not vitiate the decision of the meeting or adjourned meeting on any resolution unless it is raised or pointed out at the meeting or, as the case may be, the adjourned meeting at which the vote objected to is given or tendered or at which the error occurs. Any objection or error shall be referred to the chair of the meeting and shall only vitiate the decision of the meeting on any resolution if the chair of the meeting decides that the matter objected to or the error may have affected the decision of the meeting. The decision of the chair of the meeting on such matters shall be conclusive.
| 76. | Proxies sent or supplied in electronic form |
| 76.1 | The Board may (and shall for so long as any shares are held in a settlement system operated by DTC or if and to the extent that the Company is required to do so by the Statutes) allow an appointment of proxy to be sent or supplied in electronic form (including with respect to any shares held in a settlement system operated by DTC or in the name of a Depositary, by way of a voter instruction form) subject to any conditions or limitations as the directors may specify. Where the Company has given an electronic address in any instrument of proxy or invitation to appoint a proxy, any document or information relating to proxies for the meeting (including any document necessary to show the validity of, or otherwise relating to, an appointment of proxy, or notice of the termination of the authority of a proxy) may be sent by electronic means to that address, subject to any conditions or limitations specified in the relevant notice of meeting. |
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| 77. | Execution of an appointment of proxy |
| 77.1 | If the appointment of a proxy is: |
| 77.1.1 | in hard copy form, it shall be executed under the hand of the appointor or of the appointor’s attorney authorised in writing or, if the appointor is a corporation, either under its seal or under the hand of an officer, attorney or other person authorised to sign it; |
| 77.1.2 | in electronic form, it shall be executed by or on behalf of the appointor or otherwise authenticated by the appointor in a manner satisfactory to the Board. |
| 77.2 | Subject as provided in this Article, in the case of an appointment of proxy purporting to be executed on behalf of a corporation by an officer of that corporation it shall be assumed, unless the contrary is shown, that such officer was duly authorised to do so on behalf of that corporation without further evidence of that authorisation. |
| 77.3 | A proxy need not be a member of the Company. |
| 78. | Times for deposit of an appointment of proxy |
| 78.1 | The appointment of a proxy shall: |
| 78.1.1 | if in hard copy form, be deposited at the Office (or at such other address or place as is specified for the purpose in the notice convening the meeting or in the instrument) not less than 48 hours, taking no account of any part of a day that is not a working day, before the time of the holding of the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the appointment proposes to vote, or by such later time as the Board decides; or |
| 78.1.2 | if in electronic form, where an address has been specified for the purpose of receiving documents or information by electronic means: |
| 78.1.2.1 | in the notice convening the meeting, or |
| 78.1.2.2 | in any instrument of proxy sent out by the Company in relation to the meeting, or |
| 78.1.2.3 | in any invitation to appoint a proxy by electronic means issued by the Company in relation to the meeting, |
be received at such address not less than 48 hours, taking no account of any part of a day that is not a working day, before the time for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the appointment proposes to vote, or by such later time as the Board decides;
| 78.1.3 | in the case of a poll taken more than 48 hours after it is demanded, be deposited or received in that manner after the poll has been demanded and not less than 24 hours before the time appointed for the taking of the poll, or by such later time as the Board decides; or |
| 78.1.4 | where the poll is not taken forthwith but is taken not more than 48 hours after it was demanded, be delivered at the meeting at which the poll was demanded to the chair of the meeting or to any Director, |
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provided in each case that the power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is signed, or a copy of such authority certified notarially or in some other way approved by the Board, has been received in hard copy form (or, to the extent the Directors think fit, in electronic form) at the Office, or at such other address or place as is specified for the purpose in the notice convening the meeting or in the instrument, no later than the latest time for receipt of the appointment of proxy. An appointment of proxy that is not deposited, delivered or received in a manner so permitted shall be invalid.
| 78.2 | Except as provided otherwise in any terms and conditions issued, endorsed or adopted by the Board to facilitate the appointment by members of more than one proxy to exercise all or any of the member’s rights at a meeting, when two or more valid but differing appointments of proxy are deposited, delivered or received in respect of the same share for use at the same meeting, the one which is last deposited, delivered or received (regardless of its date or of the date of execution) shall be treated as replacing the others as regards that share; if the Company is unable to determine which was last deposited, delivered or received, none of them shall be treated as valid in respect of that share. The deposit, delivery or receipt of an appointment of a proxy shall not preclude a member from attending and voting in person at the meeting or poll concerned. |
| 79. | Form of appointment of proxy |
| 79.1 | The appointment of a proxy shall be in any usual form or any other form that the Board may approve and may relate to more than one meeting (including, with respect to any shares held through a Depositary, an omnibus proxy which enables such Depositary to exercise rights in a number of different ways for the shares that it holds). The Board may, if it thinks fit but subject to the Statutes, include with the notice of any meeting forms of appointment of proxy for use at the meeting. |
| 79.2 | Appointments of proxies may specify how the proxy appointed under them is to vote (or that the proxy is to abstain from voting) on one or more resolutions, but the Company shall not be obliged to ascertain that any proxy has complied with those or any other instructions given by the appointor and no decision on any resolution shall be vitiated by reason only that any proxy has not done so. |
| 79.3 | A member may appoint more than one proxy in relation to a meeting, provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise the rights attached to a different share or shares held by the member. The appointment of a proxy shall be deemed to include all the relevant member’s rights to attend and speak at the meeting and vote in respect of the share or shares concerned (but so that each proxy appointed by that member may vote on a show of hands notwithstanding that the member would only have had one vote if voting in person, and may demand or join in demanding a poll as if the proxy held the share or shares concerned) and, except to the extent that the appointment comprises instructions to vote in a particular way, to permit the proxy to vote or abstain as the proxy thinks fit on any business properly dealt with at the meeting, including a vote on any amendment of a resolution put to the meeting or on any motion to adjourn. |
| 79.4 | On a vote on a resolution on a show of hands at a meeting, every proxy present who has been duly appointed by one or more members entitled to vote on the resolution has one vote, except that if the proxy has been duly appointed by more than one member entitled to vote on the resolution and: |
| 79.4.1 | has been instructed by one or more of those members to vote for the resolution and by one or more other of those members to vote against it, or |
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| 79.4.2 | has been instructed to vote the same way (either for or against) on the resolution by all of those members except those who have given the proxy discretion as to how to vote on the resolution |
the proxy is entitled to one vote for and one vote against the resolution.
| 79.5 | The appointment shall, unless the contrary is stated in it, be as valid for any adjournment of the meeting as for the meeting to which it relates (regardless of any change of date, time or place effected in accordance with these Articles). |
| 80. | Validity of proxy |
| 80.1 | Subject to the Statutes, a vote given or poll demanded by proxy shall be valid, notwithstanding the previous determination of the proxy’s authority unless notice of such determination was received by the Company at the Office (or at such other place at which the appointment of proxy was duly deposited or, where the appointment of the proxy was in electronic form, at the address at which such appointment was duly received) not later than the last time at which an appointment of proxy should have been deposited, delivered or received in order to be valid for use at the meeting or on the holding of the poll at which the vote was given or the poll demanded. |
| 81. | Maximum validity of proxy |
| 81.1 | A valid appointment of proxy shall cease to be valid after the expiration of 12 months from the date of its execution except that it will remain valid after that for the purposes of a poll or an adjourned meeting if the meeting at which the poll was demanded or the adjournment moved was held within the 12-month period. |
| 82. | Class meetings |
| 82.1 | A separate meeting for the holders of a class of shares, whether or not called in connection with a variation or abrogation of class rights, shall be convened and conducted as nearly as possible in the same way as a general meeting, except that the necessary quorum (other than at an adjourned meeting) is two persons, present in person or by proxy, holding or representing by proxy at least one-third in nominal value of the capital paid up on the shares of the class (excluding any shares held as treasury shares) and, at an adjourned meeting, one person holding shares of that class present in person or by proxy, and any holder of shares of that class, present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote at the meeting, may demand a poll and shall be entitled on a poll to one vote for every share of that class of which they are the holder. No member, other than a Director, is entitled to notice of a separate class meeting or to attend unless they are a holder of shares of that class and no vote may be given except in respect of a share of that class. |
| 83. | Number of Directors |
| 83.1 | Unless otherwise determined by ordinary resolution of the Company, the number of Directors (disregarding alternate directors) shall not be less than two but shall not be subject to any maximum number. |
| 84. | No shareholding qualification for Directors |
| 84.1 | No shareholding qualification for Directors shall be required. |
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| 85. | Fees |
| 85.1 | Each of the Directors (but not including, unless the Board determines otherwise, any Director who for the time being holds an executive office or employment with the Company or a subsidiary of the Company) shall be paid a fee for the Director’s services at such rate as may from time to time be determined by the Board or by a committee authorised by the Board; provided that the agreement or payment of any such fee would not result in non-compliance with any listing requirements of the Relevant Exchange. |
| 86. | Expenses |
| 86.1 | The Directors may be paid all travelling, hotel and other expenses properly incurred by them in the conduct of the Company’s business performing their duties as Directors including all such expenses incurred in connection with attending and returning from meetings of the Board or any committee of the Board or general meetings or separate meetings of the holders of any class of shares or debentures of the Company or otherwise in connection with the business of the Company. |
| 87. | Remuneration |
| 87.1 | Any Director who is appointed to any executive office may be paid such remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) in such manner as the Board or any committee authorised by the Board may decide, provided that the agreement or payment of any such fee would not result in non-compliance with any listing requirements of the Relevant Exchange. |
| 87.2 | Any Director who serves on any committee or who devotes special attention to the business of the Company or goes or resides abroad for any purposes of the Company shall receive such remuneration by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise as the Board or any committee authorised by the Board may determine in addition to or in lieu of any remuneration paid to, or provided for, such Director by or pursuant to any other provision of these Articles; provided the payment of any such extra remuneration would not result in non-compliance with any listing requirements of the Relevant Exchange. |
| 88. | Appointment, removal and resignation of alternates |
| 88.1 | Any Director (other than an alternate Director) may appoint any other Director, or any other person permitted by law to act as a Director, to be the Director’s alternate and may revoke any such appointment, in either case by notice in writing delivered to the Secretary at the Office or delivered in any other manner (including by electronic means) approved by the Board. If the alternate is not already a Director, the appointment, unless previously approved by the Board, shall have effect only upon and subject to its being so approved. Any appointment of an alternate will only have effect once the person who is to be appointed has consented to act. |
| 88.2 | If the appointor so requests, an alternate shall (subject to giving to the Company an address for service within the United Kingdom) be entitled to receive notice of all meetings of the Board or of committees of the Board of which the appointor is a member, to attend and vote and be counted in the quorum as a Director at any such meeting at which the appointor is not personally present, and generally, in the absence of the appointor, at the meeting to exercise and discharge all the functions, powers and duties of the appointor as a Director and for the purposes of the proceedings at the meeting, these Articles shall apply as if the alternate were a Director. A Director present at a meeting of the Board or committee of the Board and appointed alternate for another Director shall have an additional vote for each appointor of the alternate who is absent from such meeting (but shall count as one only for the purpose of determining whether a quorum is present). |
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| 88.3 | Execution by an alternate of any document (including any deed) on behalf of the Company or any resolution in writing of the Board or a committee of the Board shall, unless the notice of appointment of the alternate provides to the contrary, be as effective as execution by the appointor. |
| 88.4 | An alternate shall cease to be an alternate if the alternate resigns or if for any reason the alternate’s appointment is revoked or if the alternate’s appointor ceases to be a Director; but if a Director retires by rotation or otherwise but is reappointed or deemed to have been reappointed at the meeting at which the Director retires, any appointment of an alternate made by the Director which was in force immediately prior to the Director’s retirement shall continue as if the Director had not retired. The appointment of an alternate shall be revoked on the happening of any event that, if the alternate were a Director, would cause vacation of such office under these Articles. |
| 89. | Alternate to be responsible for own acts and payment of alternate |
| 89.1 | An alternate shall be deemed an officer of the Company and shall be subject to these Articles relating to Directors (except as regards power to appoint an alternate and remuneration) and an alternate shall not be deemed the agent of the alternate’s appointor and shall alone be responsible to the Company for the alternate’s own acts and defaults. An alternate may be interested in and benefit from contracts, arrangements, transactions and other matters or situations and be paid expenses and indemnified, and accept benefits from third parties, to the same extent as if the alternate were a Director but, except to the extent that the alternate’s appointor directs the payment to the alternate of part or all of the fee or other remuneration which would otherwise be payable to the appointor, the alternate shall not be entitled to any fee or other remuneration from the Company for acting in that capacity. |
| 90. | Executive Directors |
| 90.1 | The Board or any committee authorised by the Board may from time to time appoint one or more of its body to hold any employment or executive office with the Company for such period (subject to the Statutes) and on such other terms as the Board or any committee authorised by the Board may decide and may revoke or terminate any appointment so made. Any revocation or termination of the appointment shall be without prejudice to any claim for damages that the Director may have against the Company or that the Company may have against the Director for any breach of any contract of service between the Director and the Company. |
| 90.2 | The Board may from time to time appoint any person to any office or employment having a descriptive designation or title including the word “director” or attach to any existing office or employment with the Company such a designation or title and may at any time determine any such appointment or the use of any such designation or title. The inclusion of the word “director” in the designation or title of any such office or employment with the Company shall not imply that the holder of the office is a director of the Company nor shall such holder thereby be empowered in any respect to act as a director of the Company or be deemed to be a director for any of the purposes of the Statutes or these Articles. |
| 91. | General powers of the Company vested in the Board |
| 91.1 | The business of the Company shall be managed by the Board, which, subject to these Articles and any direction given to the Company by special resolution, may exercise all the powers of the Company. No alteration of these Articles and no such direction shall invalidate any prior act of the Board which would have been valid if that alteration had not been made or that direction had not been given. |
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| 91.2 | The powers given by this Article shall not be limited by any special power given to the Board by any other Article. |
| 92. | Agents |
| 92.1 | The Board may, by power of attorney or otherwise, appoint any person to be the agent of the Company on such terms (including terms as to remuneration) and subject to such conditions as it may decide and may delegate to any person so appointed any of its powers, authorities and discretions (with power to sub-delegate). The Board may remove any person so appointed and may revoke or vary the delegation but no person dealing in good faith and without notice of the revocation or variation shall be affected by it. |
| 92.2 | The power to delegate contained in this Article shall be effective in relation to the powers, authorities and discretions of the Board generally and shall not be limited by the fact that in certain Articles, but not in others, express reference is made to particular powers, authorities or discretions being exercised by the Board or by committee authorised by the Board. |
| 93. | Delegation to individual Directors |
| 93.1 | The Board may entrust to and confer upon a Director any of its powers, authorities and discretions (with power to sub-delegate) upon such terms (subject to the Statutes) and subject to such conditions and with such restrictions as it may decide. The Board may from time to time revoke or vary all or any of them but no person dealing in good faith and without notice of the revocation or variation shall be affected by it. |
| 93.2 | The power to delegate contained in this Article shall be effective in relation to the powers, authorities and discretions of the Board generally and shall not be limited by the fact that in certain Articles, but not in others, express reference is made to particular powers, authorities or discretions being exercised by the Board or by a committee authorised by the Board. |
| 94. | Delegation to committees |
| 94.1 | The Board may delegate any of its powers, authorities and discretions (with power to sub-delegate) to any committee consisting of such person or persons as it thinks fit (whether a member or members of its body or not) provided that the majority of the members of the committee are Directors. Subject to any restriction on sub-delegation imposed by the Board, any committee so formed may exercise its power to sub-delegate by sub-delegating to any person or persons (whether or not a member or members of the Board or of the committee). Subject to any regulations imposed on it by the Board, the proceedings of any committee consisting of two or more members shall be governed by the provisions in these Articles for regulating proceedings of the Board so far as applicable except that no meeting of that committee shall be quorate for the purpose of exercising any of its powers, authorities or discretions unless a majority of the committee present at the meeting are Directors. A member of a committee shall be paid such remuneration (if any) in such manner as the Board may decide, and, in the case of a Director, either in addition to or in place of the Director’s ordinary remuneration as a Director. |
| 94.2 | The power to delegate contained in this Article shall be effective in relation to the powers, authorities and discretions of the Board generally and shall not be limited by the fact that in certain of these Articles, but not in others, express reference is made to particular powers, authorities or discretions being exercised by the Board or by a committee authorised by the Board. |
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| 95. | Power to establish local boards etc |
| 95.1 | The Board may: |
| 95.1.1 | establish any divisional, departmental, regional, local or area boards, divisions or managing agencies for introducing, conducting or managing all or any of the business or affairs of the Company, either in the United Kingdom or elsewhere; |
| 95.1.2 | make regulations for the proceedings and activities of any such establishment (but so that otherwise its proceedings shall be governed by those of these Articles which regulate proceedings of the Board to the extent that they are capable of applying to it); |
| 95.1.3 | appoint any persons (whether Directors or not) as regional directors, local directors, divisional directors, area directors, advisory directors, managers or agents or to serve in any other capacity in connection with any such establishment, and may fix their remuneration; |
| 95.1.4 | delegate to any such establishment and to any such appointee (including anyone appointed before this Article was adopted) any of the powers, authorities and discretions vested in the Board, with power to sub-delegate; or |
| 95.1.5 | authorise any such appointees to fill any vacancies in any such establishment and to act notwithstanding vacancies, |
provided that any such appointment or delegation shall be made upon such terms and subject to such conditions as the Board may think fit, and the Board may remove any persons so appointed, and may revoke, suspend or vary any such delegation but this shall not affect the position of any person dealing in good faith who has not had notice that the Board has done so. No such appointee shall be a Director as such or be entitled to be present at any meeting of the Board (except at the request of the Board and, if present at such request, the appointee shall not be entitled to vote at that meeting) or have power under the terms of this Article to enter into any contract or transact any business on behalf of the Company except to the extent (if any) specifically authorised by the Board.
| 96. | Provision for employees |
| 96.1 | The Board may exercise any power conferred by the Statutes to make provision for the benefit of persons employed or formerly employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries in connection with the cessation or the transfer to any person of the whole or part of the undertaking of the Company or that subsidiary. |
| 97. | The Company’s name |
| 97.1 | Subject to the Statutes, the Board may from time to time change the name of the Company to any name considered by the Board to be advantageous, expedient or otherwise desirable. |
| 98. | Borrowing Powers |
| 98.1 | Subject to these Articles and the Statutes, the Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow money, to guarantee, to indemnify and to mortgage or charge all or any part of the undertaking, property and assets (present and future) and uncalled capital of the Company and to issue debentures and other securities, or to give security whether outright or as collateral security, for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or of any third party. There is no requirement on the Board to restrict the borrowing of the Company or any of its subsidiary undertakings. |
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| 99. | Annual Retirement of Directors |
| 99.1 | With effect from the Closing Date, the Directors shall be divided into three classes of Directors, designated as “Class I”, “Class II” and “Class III”, respectively. The number of Directors in each class shall be as nearly equal as possible. |
| 99.2 | The Class I Directors shall stand elected for a term expiring at the Company’s first annual general meeting following the Closing Date, the Class II Directors shall stand elected for a term expiring at the Company’s second annual general meeting following the Closing Date, and the Class III Directors shall stand elected for a term expiring at the Company’s third annual general meeting following the Closing Date. |
| 99.3 | Commencing at the Company’s first annual general meeting following the Closing Date, and at each annual general meeting thereafter, Directors elected to succeed those Directors whose terms expire shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual general meeting after their election. |
| 99.4 | In the event of any increase in the number of Directors, the newly created directorships resulting from such increase shall be apportioned by the board among the classes of Directors so as to maintain such classes as nearly equal as possible. No decrease in the number of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director. |
| 99.5 | Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, each Director shall serve until their successor is duly elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal. |
| 99.6 | Any vacancy on the Board arising from the death, resignation, disqualification, removal or other cessation of office of a Director shall be filled by the Board. Any Director appointed to fill such vacancy shall be appointed to the same class as the Director whose office became vacant and shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of that class and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified. |
| 100. | Position of Retiring Director |
| 100.1 | Subject to these Articles, the Company at the meeting at which a Director retires may fill the vacated office and, in default, the retiring Director shall, if willing and permitted by law to act as a Director, be deemed to have been reappointed unless at the meeting it is resolved not to fill the vacancy or unless a resolution for the reappointment of the Director is put to the meeting and lost. If the Director is not reappointed or deemed to be reappointed, the Director shall retain office until the meeting appoints someone willing and permitted by law to act as a Director in the Director’s place or, if it does not do so, until the end of the meeting. |
| 100.2 | Subject to these Articles, if, immediately following the meeting at which Directors have retired pursuant to these Articles, there would for any reason be fewer Directors in office than the minimum number fixed by or in accordance with these Articles, each of the retiring Directors who stood for reappointment at the meeting shall, if willing and permitted by law to act as a Director, be deemed to have been reappointed as a Director and shall remain in office, but such Directors: |
| 100.2.1 | may act only for the purposes of filling vacancies and convening general meetings of the Company and may only perform such duties as are appropriate to maintain the Company as a going concern and to comply with the Company’s legal and regulatory obligations; and |
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| 100.2.2 | shall, as a matter of priority and as soon as reasonably practicable following the meeting at which they retired, convene a general meeting for the purpose of appointing at least the minimum number of Directors fixed by or in accordance with these Articles, and each of them shall, if not reappointed at the meeting, retire from office at the end of the meeting unless the number of Directors appointed at the meeting is below that minimum number, in which case they (and any Director appointed at the meeting) shall remain in office on the terms and subject to the restrictions prescribed by this Article 100.2 as if they had retired and been deemed reappointed under it. |
| 101. | Eligibility for appointment as a Director |
| 101.1 | No person other than a Director retiring, whether by rotation or otherwise, shall be appointed or reappointed a Director at any general meeting unless: |
| 101.1.1 | they are recommended by the Board and are willing and permitted by law to act as a Director; or |
| 101.1.2 | they are permitted by law to act as a Director and, not less than seven nor more than 42 clear days before the day appointed for the meeting, notice executed by a member qualified to vote at the meeting (not being the person to be proposed) has been delivered to the Office (or received in electronic form at the electronic address at which the Company has or is deemed to have agreed to receive it) of the intention to propose that person for appointment or reappointment stating the particulars which would, if the person were so appointed or reappointed, be required to be included in the Company’s register of directors together with notice executed by that person of that person’s willingness to be appointed or reappointed. |
| 102. | Power of the Company to appoint Directors |
| 102.1 | Subject to these Articles, the Company may by ordinary resolution appoint as a Director any person who is willing and permitted by law to act as a Director, either to fill a vacancy on or as an addition to the existing Board, but so that the total number of Directors shall not at any time exceed any maximum number fixed by or in accordance with these Articles. A resolution for the appointment of two or more persons as Directors by a single resolution shall be void unless a resolution that it shall be so proposed has first been agreed to by the meeting without any vote being given against it. |
| 103. | Power of the Board to appoint Directors |
| 103.1 | Without prejudice to the power of the Company in general meeting under these Articles to appoint any person to be a Director, the Board may appoint as a Director any person who is willing and permitted by law to act as a Director, either to fill a vacancy or as an addition to the existing Board, but so that the total number of Directors shall not at any time exceed any maximum number fixed by or in accordance with these Articles. Any Director so appointed shall hold office only until the conclusion of the next following annual general meeting and, if not reappointed at that meeting, shall vacate office at the conclusion of the meeting. |
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| 104. | Company’s power to remove a Director and appoint another in the Director’s place |
| 104.1 | In addition to any power conferred by the Statutes, the Company may by an ordinary resolution remove any Director before the expiration of the Director’s period of office and may, subject to these Articles, by ordinary resolution appoint as a Director another person who is willing and permitted by law to act as a Director in the Director’s place. |
| 105. | Vacation of office by Directors |
| 105.1 | Without prejudice to the provisions for retirement by rotation or otherwise contained in these Articles, the office of a Director shall be vacated as soon as: |
| 105.1.1 | notification is received by the Company from the Director that the Director is resigning from office as Director, and such resignation has taken effect in accordance with its terms; |
| 105.1.2 | a bankruptcy order is made against the Director or the Director makes any arrangement or composition with creditors generally in satisfaction of the Director’s debts; |
| 105.1.3 | a registered medical practitioner who is treating the Director gives a written opinion to the Company stating that the Director has become physically or mentally incapable of acting as a director and may remain so for more than three months or, by reason of the Director’s mental health, a court makes an order which wholly or partly prevents the Director from personally exercising any powers or rights that the Director would otherwise have; |
| 105.1.4 | without the permission of the Board, the Director is absent from meetings of the Board for six consecutive months (whether or not an alternate appointed by the Director attends) and the Board resolves that the Director’s office is vacated; |
| 105.1.5 | the Director ceases to be a Director by virtue of the Statutes or is prohibited by law or (if applicable) any rules of the Relevant Exchange from being a Director or is removed from office under these Articles; |
| 105.1.6 | notice in writing that the Director is to vacate office executed by or on behalf of all the Directors other than the Director, or any alternate for the Director who is not a Director or an alternate for another Director, is delivered to the Office or tendered at a meeting of the Board, provided those Directors are not less than three in number. Separate notices in substantially the same form each executed by or on behalf of one or more of those Directors shall together be as effective as a single notice signed by all of them; or |
| 105.1.7 | the Director’s contract of service or letter of appointment as a Director expires without being renewed within 14 days or is terminated. |
| 106. | Directors’ Transactions, offices, employment and interests |
| 106.1 | Subject to the Statutes and the terms of any authorisation given under Article 107, a Director notwithstanding being in office as a Director: |
| 106.1.1 | may hold any other office or place of profit with the Company (except that of Auditor) in conjunction with the office of Director and may act personally or through a firm in a professional capacity for the Company (otherwise than as Auditor) and in either such case on such terms as to remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) and otherwise as the Board may determine, and any such remuneration shall be either in addition to or in lieu of any remuneration provided for, by or pursuant to any other Article; |
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| 106.1.2 | may be a party to any contract or arrangement with, or interested in shares or other securities issued by, the Company; |
| 106.1.3 | may be a director or other officer of, or employed by, or a party to any contract or arrangement with, or interested in shares or other securities issued by, any undertaking in the same group as the Company or promoted by the Company or by any such undertaking, or in which the Company or any such undertaking is otherwise interested or as regards which the Company or any such undertaking has any powers of appointment; |
| 106.1.4 | shall not be accountable to the Company for any remuneration or benefit which the Director derives from any contract, arrangement, interest, office or employment sanctioned by this Article, and no such contract, arrangement, interest, office or employment shall be liable to be avoided on the ground of such remuneration or benefit nor its receipt constitute a breach of the Director’s duty under the Companies Act 2006 not to accept benefits from third parties; |
| 106.1.5 | shall not be in breach of the Director’s duties by reason only of the fact that the Director is excluded from the receipt of information, or from participation in decision-making or discussion (whether at meetings of the directors or otherwise), that will or may relate to any such office, employment, contract or interest; and |
| 106.1.6 | shall not be required to disclose to the Company, or use in relation to the Company’s affairs, any confidential information the Director obtains in connection with any such office, employment, contract or interest if the Director’s doing so would result in a breach of a duty or an obligation of confidence owed by the Director in that connection |
provided that the Director has disclosed to the Board the nature and extent of any material interest the Director has, but no such disclosure shall be necessary of any office or employment with any subsidiary undertaking of the Company or any interest in a transaction or arrangement that would not be required to be declared by the Director under the Statutes, and a general notice given to the Board that a Director is to be regarded as having an interest of the nature and extent specified in the notice in any transaction or arrangement in which a specified person or class of persons is interested shall be deemed to be a disclosure that the Director has an interest in any such transaction or arrangement of the nature and extent so specified, and for the purposes of this Article an interest of which a Director has no knowledge and of which it is unreasonable to expect the Director to have knowledge shall not be treated as an interest of the Director.
| 106.2 | The Board may cause any voting power conferred by the shares in any other company held or owned by the Company or any power of appointment to be exercised in such manner in all respects as it thinks fit, including the exercise of either of such powers in favour of a resolution appointing the Directors, or any of them, to be directors or officers of the other company, or in favour of the payment of remuneration to the directors or officers of the other company. |
| 106.3 | Except as otherwise provided by these Articles, a Director shall not vote on, or be counted in the quorum in relation to, any resolution of the Board or of a committee of the Board concerning any matter in which, to the Director’s knowledge, the Director has, directly or indirectly, an interest (other than the Director’s interest in shares or debentures or other securities of, or otherwise in or through, the Company) or duty which (together with any interest of a person connected with the Director) is material and, if the Director shall do so, the Director’s vote shall not be counted. A Director shall be entitled to vote on and be counted in the quorum in respect of any resolution concerning any of the following matters: |
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| 106.3.1 | the giving to the Director of any guarantee, security or indemnity in respect of money lent or obligations incurred by the Director or by any other person at the request of or for the benefit of, the Company or any of its subsidiary undertakings; |
| 106.3.2 | the giving by the Company of any guarantee, security or indemnity to a third party in respect of a debt or obligation of the Company or any of its subsidiary undertakings for which the Director has personally assumed responsibility in whole or in part and whether alone or jointly with others under a guarantee or indemnity or by the giving of security; |
| 106.3.3 | the Director’s subscribing or agreeing to subscribe for, or purchasing or agreeing to purchase, any shares, debentures or other securities of the Company or any of its subsidiary undertakings as a holder of securities, or the Director’s being, or intending to become, a participant in the underwriting or sub-underwriting of an offer of any such shares, debentures, or other securities by the Company or any of its subsidiary undertakings for subscription, purchase or exchange; |
| 106.3.4 | any contract concerning any company (not being a company in which the Director owns one per cent. or more (as defined in this Article)) in which the Director is interested, directly or indirectly, and whether as an officer, shareholder, creditor or otherwise; |
| 106.3.5 | any arrangement for the benefit of employees of the Company or any of its subsidiary undertakings under which the Director benefits in a similar manner as the employees and which does not accord to any Director as such any privilege or advantage not accorded to the employees to whom the arrangement relates; |
| 106.3.6 | any contract concerning any insurance which the Company is empowered to purchase or maintain for, or for the benefit of, any Directors or for persons who include Directors; or |
| 106.3.7 | any indemnity permitted by these Articles (whether in favour of the Director or others as well) against any costs, charges, expenses, losses and liabilities sustained or incurred by the Director as a director of the Company or of any of its subsidiary undertakings, or any proposal to provide funds to meet any expenditure incurred or to be incurred by the Director in mounting a defence in any criminal or civil proceeding in connection with any alleged negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by the Director in relation to the Company or any of its subsidiary undertakings, or any investigation, or action proposed to be taken, by a regulatory authority in that connection, or for the purposes of any application for relief under the Companies Act 2006, or in order to enable the Director to avoid incurring such expenditure. |
| 106.4 | A Director shall not vote on, or be counted in the quorum in relation to, any resolution of the Board concerning the Director’s own appointment, or the settlement or variation of the terms or the termination of the Director’s own appointment, as the holder of any office or place of profit with the Company or any company in which the Company is interested but, where proposals are under consideration concerning the appointment, or the settlement or variation of the terms or the termination of the appointment, of two or more Directors to offices or places of profit with the Company or any company in which the Company is interested, a separate resolution may be put in relation to each Director and in that case each of the Directors concerned shall be entitled to vote on and be counted in the quorum in relation to each resolution which does not concern either: (a) the Director’s own appointment or the settlement or variation of the terms or the termination of the Director’s own appointment; or (b) the appointment of another Director to an office or place of profit with a company in which the Company is interested and in which the Director seeking to vote or be counted in the quorum is interested by virtue of owning of one per cent. or more (as defined in this Article). |
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| 106.5 | A company shall be deemed to be a company in which a Director owns one per cent. or more if and so long as the Director is directly or indirectly the holder of or beneficially interested in one per cent. or more of any class of the equity share capital of such company or of the voting rights available to members of such company. For this purpose, there shall be disregarded any shares held by a Director as bare or custodian trustee and in which the Director has no beneficial interest, any shares comprised in a trust in which the Director’s interest is in reversion or remainder (if and so long as some other person is entitled to receive the income from such trust) and any shares comprised in an authorised unit trust scheme in which the Director is interested only as a unit holder. |
| 106.6 | Where a company in which a Director owns one per cent. or more is materially interested in a contract, the Director shall also be deemed to be materially interested in that contract. |
| 106.7 | For the purposes of this Article, an interest of a person who is, for any purpose of the Statutes, connected with a Director shall be treated as an interest of the Director and, in relation to an alternate Director, an interest of the relevant appointor shall be treated as an interest of the alternate Director without prejudice to any interest which the alternate Director has otherwise. |
| 106.8 | References in this Article to a contract include references to any proposed contract and to any transaction or arrangement whether or not constituting a contract. |
| 106.9 | If any question shall arise at any meeting of the Board as to the materiality of the interest of a Director (other than the chair of the meeting) or as to the entitlement of any Director (other than the chair of the meeting) to vote or be counted in the quorum and the question is not resolved by the Director’s voluntarily agreeing to abstain from voting or not to be counted in the quorum, the question shall be referred to the chair of the meeting and the chair’s ruling in relation to the Director concerned shall be conclusive except in a case where the nature or extent of the interest (so far as it is known to the Director) has not been fairly disclosed to the Board. If any question shall arise in respect of the chair of the meeting, the question shall be decided by resolution of the Board (for which purpose the chair shall be counted in the quorum but shall not vote on the matter) and the resolution shall be conclusive except in a case where the nature or extent of the interest (so far as it is known to the chair) has not been fairly disclosed to the Board. |
| 106.10 | Subject to the Statutes, the Company may by ordinary resolution suspend or relax the provisions of this Article to any extent or ratify any contract not properly authorised by reason of a contravention of this Article. |
| 107. | Conflicts of interest requiring Board authorisation |
| 107.1 | The Board may, provided the quorum and voting requirements set out below are satisfied, authorise any matter that would otherwise involve a Director being in breach of duty under section 175 of the Companies Act 2006 to avoid conflicts of interest. |
| 107.2 | Any Director (including the Director concerned) may propose that the Director concerned be authorised in relation to any matter the subject of such a conflict. Such proposal and any authority given by the Board shall be effected in the same way that any other matter may be proposed to and resolved upon by the Board under the provisions of these Articles, except that the Director concerned and any other Director with a similar interest: |
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| 107.2.1 | shall not count towards the quorum at the meeting at which the conflict is considered; |
| 107.2.2 | may, if the other members of the Board so decide, be excluded from any Board meeting while the conflict is under consideration; and |
| 107.2.3 | shall not vote on any resolution authorising the conflict except that, if the Director or other Director does vote, the resolution will still be valid if it would have been agreed to if any such vote had not been counted. |
| 107.3 | Where the Board gives authority in relation to such a conflict: |
| 107.3.1 | the Board may (whether at the time of giving the authority or at any time or times subsequently) impose such terms upon the Director concerned as it may determine, including the exclusion of that Director from the receipt of information, or participation in any decision-making or discussion (whether at meetings of the Board or otherwise) related to the conflict; |
| 107.3.2 | the Director concerned will be obliged to comply with any terms imposed by the Board from time to time in relation to the conflict and will not be in breach of duty as a Director to the extent the Director does so; |
| 107.3.3 | the authority may provide that, where the Director concerned (otherwise than by virtue of the Director’s position as a director of the Company) obtains information that is confidential to a third party, the Director will not be obliged to disclose that information to the Company, or to use the information in relation to the Company’s affairs, where to do so would amount to a breach of that confidence; |
| 107.3.4 | the authority may also provide that the Director concerned shall not be accountable to the Company for any benefit that the Director receives as a result of the conflict; |
| 107.3.5 | the receipt by the Director concerned of any remuneration or benefit as a result of the conflict shall not constitute a breach of the duty under the Companies Act 2006 not to accept benefits from third parties; |
| 107.3.6 | the terms of the authority shall be recorded in writing (but the authority shall be effective whether or not the terms are so recorded); and |
| 107.3.7 | the Board may withdraw the authority at any time. |
| 108. | Directors’ gratuities and pensions |
| 108.1 | The Board or any committee authorised by the Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to provide benefits, whether by the payment of gratuities, pensions, annuities, allowances, bonuses or by insurance or otherwise, for any Director or former Director who holds or who has held but no longer holds any executive office, other office, place of profit or employment with the Company or with any body corporate which is or has been a subsidiary undertaking of the Company or a predecessor in business of the Company or of any such subsidiary undertaking, and for any member of the Director’s or former Director’s family (including a spouse and a former spouse) or any person who is or was dependent on the Director or former Director, and may (as well before as after the Director or former Director ceases to hold such office, place of profit or employment) establish, maintain, support, subscribe to and contribute to any scheme, trust or fund for the benefit of all or any such persons and pay premiums for the purchase or provision of any such benefits. The Board or any committee authorised by the Board may procure any of these matters to be done by the Company either alone or in conjunction with any other person. |
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| 108.2 | No Director or former Director shall be accountable to the Company or the members for any benefit provided pursuant to this Article and the receipt of any such benefit shall not disqualify any person from being or becoming a Director. |
| 109. | Board meetings |
| 109.1 | The Board may meet for the despatch of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate its meetings as it thinks fit. A Director may, and the Secretary on the requisition of a Director shall, convene a meeting of the Board. |
| 110. | Notice of Board meetings |
| 110.1 | Notice of a Board meeting shall be deemed to be properly given to a Director if it is given to the Director personally or by word of mouth or sent in writing or in electronic form to the Director at the last known address of the Director or any other address given by the Director to the Company for this purpose. |
| 110.2 | Notice of a Board meeting need not be given to Directors who waive their entitlement to notice of that meeting by giving notice to that effect to the Company not more than seven days after the date on which the meeting is held. Where such notice is given after the meeting has been held, that does not affect the validity of the meeting, or of any business conducted at it. |
| 111. | Voting |
| 111.1 | Questions arising at a meeting shall be decided by a majority of votes. In the case of an equality of votes, the chair of the meeting shall have a second or casting vote. |
| 112. | Quorum |
| 112.1 | The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the Board may be fixed by the Board and unless so fixed at any other number shall be two provided that, for the purposes of any meeting held pursuant to Article 107 to authorise a Director’s conflict, if there is only one Director besides the Director concerned and Directors with a similar interest, the quorum shall be one. |
| 112.2 | Subject to these Articles, any Director who ceases to be a Director at a Board meeting may continue to be present and to act as a Director and be counted in the quorum until the termination of the Board meeting if no other Director objects and if otherwise a quorum of Directors would not be present. |
| 113. | Board vacancies below minimum number |
| 113.1 | The continuing Directors or a sole continuing Director may act notwithstanding any vacancies on the Board, but, if the number of Directors is less than the minimum number fixed by or in accordance with these Articles, the continuing Directors or Director may act only for the purpose of filling vacancies on the Board or of convening a general meeting of the Company. If there are no Directors or Director able or willing to act, any two members may call a general meeting of the Company for the purpose of appointing Directors. |
| 114. | Appointment of chair |
| 114.1 | The Board may appoint a Director to be the chair of the Board and may at any time remove the Director from that office. Unless the Director is unwilling to do so, the Director so appointed shall preside at every meeting of the Board at which the Director is present. But if there is no Director holding that office, or if the Director holding it is unwilling to preside or is not present within five minutes after the time appointed for the meeting, the Directors present may appoint one of their number to be chair of the meeting. |
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| 115. | Competence of the Board |
| 115.1 | A meeting of the Board at which a quorum is present shall be competent to exercise all powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in or exercisable by the Board. |
| 116. | Participation in meetings by telephone |
| 116.1 | All or any of the members of the Board or of any committee of the Board may participate in a meeting of the Board or that committee by means of a conference telephone or any communication equipment that allows all persons participating in the meeting to hear and speak to each other. A person so participating shall be deemed to be present in person at the meeting and shall be entitled to vote or be counted in a quorum accordingly. Such a meeting shall be deemed to take place where the largest group of those participating is assembled, or, if there is no such group, where the chair of the meeting is and shall be deemed to be a meeting even if there is only one person physically present where it is deemed to take place. |
| 117. | Written resolutions |
| 117.1 | A resolution in writing signed by: |
| 117.1.1 | all the Directors entitled to receive notice of a meeting of the Board, if that number is sufficient to constitute a quorum; or |
| 117.1.2 | by all the members of a committee of the Board |
(but excluding any Director whose vote is not to be counted in respect of that particular matter) shall be as valid and effectual as if it had been passed at a meeting of the Board or that committee duly convened and held and may be contained in one document (or in several documents in all substantial respects in like form) each signed by one or more of the Directors or members of that committee. Any such document may be constituted by letter or (provided it is in writing) in electronic form or otherwise as the Board may from time to time approve.
| 118. | Company books |
| 118.1 | The Board shall cause minutes to be made in books kept for the purpose of recording: |
| 118.1.1 | all appointments of officers made by the Board; and |
| 118.1.2 | all proceedings at meetings of the Company, of the holders of any class of shares in the Company and of the Board and of committees of the Board, including the names of the Directors or members of a committee of the Board present at each such meeting. |
| 118.2 | Subject to the Statutes, any such minutes, if purporting to be signed by the chair of the meeting at which the appointments were made or proceedings held or by the chair of the next succeeding meeting, shall be sufficient evidence of the facts stated in them without any further proof. |
| 119. | Validity of acts of the Board or a committee |
| 119.1 | All acts done by the Board or by a committee of the Board, or by a person acting as a Director or member of a committee of the Board shall, notwithstanding that it is afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any Director, member of a committee of the Board, or person acting as a Director, or that any of them were disqualified from holding office, or had vacated office, or were not entitled to vote, be as valid as if each such person had been duly appointed and was qualified and had continued to be a Director or member of the committee and had been entitled to vote. |
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| 120. | Appointment and removal of Company Secretary |
| 120.1 | Subject to the Statutes, the Secretary shall be appointed by the Board at such remuneration and upon such terms as it thinks fit. If thought fit, two or more persons may be appointed as joint Secretaries with the power to act jointly and severally. Any Secretary so appointed may be removed by the Board. |
| 120.2 | The Board may from time to time appoint an assistant or deputy secretary who, during such time as there may be no Secretary or no Secretary capable of acting, may act as Secretary and do any act authorised or required by these Articles or by law to be done by the Secretary. The signature of any document as Secretary by such assistant or deputy secretary shall be conclusive evidence (without invalidating that signature for any purpose) that at the time of signature there was no Secretary or no Secretary capable of acting. |
| 121. | Use of seal |
| 121.1 | The Seal shall only be used by the authority of the Board or of a committee authorised by the Board in that behalf and, unless otherwise decided by the Board or any such committee, any document to which the Seal is applied must also be signed by at least one authorised person in the presence of a witness who attests the signature. For the purposes of this Article, an authorised person is any Director, the Company Secretary or any person authorised by the Board or such committee for the purpose of signing documents to which the Seal is applied. |
| 122. | Company may declare dividends |
| 122.1 | Subject to the Statutes, the Company may by ordinary resolution declare dividends in accordance with the respective rights of the members, but no dividend shall exceed the amount recommended by the Board. Subject to the Statutes, any determination by the Board of the amount of profits at any time available for distribution shall be conclusive. |
| 123. | Board may pay interim dividends and fixed dividends |
| 123.1 | Subject to the Statutes, the Board may pay interim dividends if it appears to the Board that they are justified by the financial position of the Company. If the share capital of the Company is divided into different classes, the Board may pay interim dividends on shares which confer deferred or non-preferred rights to dividends as well as on shares which confer preferential or special rights to dividends, but no interim dividend shall be paid on shares carrying deferred or non-preferred rights if, at the time of payment, any preferential dividend is in arrears. The Board may also pay at intervals settled by it any dividend payable at a fixed date if it appears to the Board that the financial position of the Company justifies the payment. If the Board acts in good faith, it shall not incur any liability to the holders of shares conferring preferred rights for any loss which they may suffer by reason of the lawful payment of an interim dividend on any shares having deferred or non-preferred rights. |
| 124. | Calculation and currency of dividends |
| 124.1 | Except in so far as the rights attaching to any share otherwise provide: |
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| 124.1.1 | all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the shares on which the dividend is paid, but (for the purposes of this Article only) no amount paid up on a share in advance of calls shall be treated as paid up on the share; |
| 124.1.2 | all dividends shall be apportioned and paid proportionately to the amounts paid up on the shares during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid; but, if any share is issued on terms providing that it shall rank for dividend as from a particular date, that share shall rank for dividend accordingly; and |
| 124.1.3 | any dividends or other monies payable on or in respect of any share may be declared in any currency or currencies, and paid in the same currency or currencies or in any other currency or currencies, and subject to such charges to cover the costs of conversion, as the Board may determine, using where required such basis of conversion (including the rate and timing of conversion) as the Board decides. |
| 125. | Waiver of dividends |
| 125.1 | The waiver in whole or in part of any dividend on any share by any document (whether or not under seal) shall be effective only if such document is signed by the relevant member or transmittee and delivered to the Company and if or to the extent that it is accepted as such or acted upon by the Company. |
| 126. | Non-cash dividends |
| 126.1 | Subject to the terms of issue of the share in question, the Company may, by ordinary resolution on the recommendation of the Board, decide to pay all or part of a dividend or other distribution payable in respect of a share by transferring non-cash assets of the value fixed by the Board for the purpose of their recommendation, including paid up shares or other securities in any other company or by issuing debt securities of a nominal value equivalent to that of the dividend or distribution. Where any difficulty arises concerning such dividend or distribution, the Board may settle it as the Board thinks expedient and in particular may issue fractional certificates or, subject to the Statutes and, in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, the system’s rules, authorise and instruct any person to sell and transfer any fractions or may ignore fractions altogether, and may fix the value for distribution of any assets and may determine that cash shall be paid to any member upon the basis of the value so fixed in order to secure equality of distribution and may vest any assets to be distributed in trustees as the Board may consider expedient. |
| 127. | Scrip dividends |
| 127.1 | Subject to the Statutes, the Board may, if authorised by an ordinary resolution of the Company offer the holders of ordinary shares the right to elect to receive new ordinary shares, credited as fully paid, instead of cash for all or part (as determined by the Board) of any dividend. The following provisions shall apply: |
| 127.1.1 | an ordinary resolution may specify a particular dividend or dividends, or may specify all or any dividends, declared or paid within a specified period; |
| 127.1.2 | the basis of allotment to each entitled holder of ordinary shares shall be such number of new ordinary shares credited as fully paid as have a value as nearly as possible equal to (but not greater than) the amount of the dividend (disregarding any tax credit) which the holder has elected to forgo. For this purpose, the “value” of an ordinary share shall be deemed to be whichever is the greater of its nominal value and the average of the middle market quotations for the Company’s ordinary shares on the Relevant Exchange or, if a Relevant Exchange quote is not available, such other exchange or quotation service on which the Company’s ordinary shares are listed or quoted as derived from such. A certificate or report by the Auditors as to the amount of the value in respect of any dividend shall be conclusive evidence of that amount; |
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| 127.1.3 | no fraction of an ordinary share shall be allotted and if any holder of ordinary shares would otherwise be entitled to fractions of a share, the Board may deal with the fractions as it thinks fit, including determining that the whole or part of the benefit of fractional entitlements will be disregarded or accrue to the Company or that the value of fractional entitlements will be accumulated on behalf of a member (without entitlement to interest) and applied in paying up new shares in connection with a subsequent offer by the Company of the right to receive shares instead of cash in respect of a future dividend; |
| 127.1.4 | the Board shall not proceed with any election unless the Company has sufficient reserves or funds which may be capitalised to give effect to the election following the Board’s determination of the basis of allotment; |
| 127.1.5 | on or as soon as practicable after announcing that the Board is to recommend or pay any dividend, the Board, if it intends to offer an election for that dividend, shall also announce that intention and, having determined the basis of allotment, shall notify the entitled holders of ordinary shares (other than any in relation to whom an election mandate in accordance with this Article is subsisting) of the right of election offered to them, and shall send with, or following, such notification, forms of election and shall specify the procedure to be followed and place at which, and the latest date and time by which, duly completed forms of election must be received in order to be effective; |
| 127.1.6 | the dividend (or that part of the dividend in respect of which a right of election has been offered) shall not be payable on ordinary shares in respect of which an election has been duly made (the “elected shares”) and instead additional ordinary shares shall be allotted to the holders of the elected shares on the basis of allotment so determined. For such purpose, the Board shall capitalise, out of any amount standing to the credit of any reserve or fund (including the profit and loss account), whether or not it is available for distribution, as the Board may determine, a sum equal to the aggregate nominal amount of the additional ordinary shares to be allotted on that basis and apply it in paying up in full the appropriate number of ordinary shares for allotment and distribution to the holders of the elected shares on that basis; and |
| 127.1.7 | the additional ordinary shares so allotted shall be allotted as of the record date for the dividend for which the right of election has been offered and shall rank pari passu in all respects with the fully paid ordinary shares then in issue except that they will not rank for the dividend or other distribution entitlement in respect of which they have been issued. Unless the Board otherwise determines (and subject always to the Regulations and the system’s rules), the ordinary shares so allotted shall be issued as shares in certificated form (where the ordinary shares in respect of which they have been allotted were in certificated form at the Scrip Record Time) or as shares in uncertificated form (where the ordinary shares in respect of which they have been allotted were in uncertificated form at the Scrip Record Time) provided that if the Company is unable under the system’s rules to issue ordinary shares in uncertificated form to any person, such shares shall be issued as shares in certificated form. For these purposes, the “Scrip Record Time” means such time on the record date for determining the entitlements of members to make elections as described in this Article, or on such other date as the Board may in its absolute discretion determine. |
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| 127.2 | The Board may establish or vary a procedure for election mandates whereby a holder of ordinary shares may elect concerning future rights of election offered to that holder under this Article until the election mandate is revoked following that procedure. |
| 127.3 | The Board may exclude from any offer any holders of ordinary shares if it believes that it is necessary or expedient to do so in relation to any legal or practical problems under the laws of, or the requirements of any regulatory body or stock exchange or other authority in, any territory or that for any other reason the offer should not be made to them. |
| 128. | Enhanced scrip dividends |
| 128.1 | Subject to the Statutes and without prejudice to the generality of Article 127, the Board may, in respect of any cash dividend or other distribution (or any part thereof) declared or payable in relation to any financial year or period of the Company, offer to each holder of ordinary shares the right to elect to receive new ordinary shares, credited as fully paid, in respect of the whole or part of the ordinary shares held by them instead of such cash dividend, on any basis described in that Article but so that the entitlement of each holder of ordinary shares to such new ordinary shares shall be determined by the Board such that the value (determined on the basis decided on by the Board) of the new ordinary shares concerned may exceed the cash amount that such holders of ordinary shares would otherwise have received by way of dividend and, in respect of such offer, that Article shall take effect subject to this Article. Any offer made under this Article shall be an alternative to any offer made under that Article in respect of a particular cash dividend (but shall form part of any plan which is in operation thereunder). |
| 128.2 | The Board may exclude from any offer any holders of ordinary shares if it believes that it is necessary or expedient to do so in relation to any legal or practical problems under the laws of, or the requirements of any regulatory body or stock exchange or other authority in, any territory or that for any other reason the offer should not be made to them. |
| 129. | Right to deduct amounts due on shares from dividends |
| 129.1 | The Board may deduct from any dividend or other monies payable in respect of a share to a member all sums of money (if any) presently payable by the member to the Company on account of calls or otherwise in respect of shares of the Company. |
| 130. | No interest on dividends |
| 130.1 | No dividend or other monies payable in respect of a share shall bear interest against the Company unless otherwise provided by the rights attached to the share. |
| 131. | Payment procedure |
| 131.1 | All dividends and interest shall belong and be paid (subject to any lien of the Company) to those entitled members whose names shall be on the Register at the date at which such dividend shall be declared or at the date on which such interest shall be payable respectively, or at such other date as the Company by ordinary resolution or the Board may determine notwithstanding any subsequent transfer or transmission of shares. |
| 131.2 | The Company may pay any dividend, interest or other monies payable in cash in respect of shares by direct debit, bank transfer, cheque, dividend warrant, money order or by any other method (including by electronic means) as the Board may consider appropriate. |
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| 131.3 | Every such cheque, warrant or order shall be made payable to the person to whom it is sent, or to such other person as the holder or the joint holders may in writing direct, and may be sent by post or equivalent means of delivery directed to the registered address of the holder or, in the case of joint holders, to the registered address of the joint holder whose name stands first in the Register, or to such person and to such address as the holder or joint holders may in writing direct. |
| 131.4 | Every such payment made by direct debit or bank transfer shall be made to the holder or joint holders or to or through such other person as the holder or joint holders may in writing direct. |
| 131.5 | In respect of shares in uncertificated form, where the Company is authorised to do so by or on behalf of the holder or joint holders in such manner as the Board shall from time to time consider sufficient, the Company may pay any such dividend, interest or other monies by means of the relevant system. Every such payment shall be made in such manner as may be consistent with the system’s rules and, without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, may include the sending by the Company or by any person on its behalf of an instruction to the Operator to credit the cash memorandum account of the holder or joint holders or, if permitted by the Company, of such person as the holder or joint holders may in writing direct. |
| 131.6 | The Company shall not be responsible for any loss of any such cheque, warrant or order and any payment made in any manner permitted by these Articles shall be at the sole risk of the holder or joint holders. Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, if any such cheque, warrant or order has been, or is alleged to have been, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Board may, on request of the person entitled thereto, issue a replacement cheque, warrant or order subject to compliance with such conditions as to evidence and indemnity and the payment of out of pocket expenses of the Company in connection with the request as the Board may think fit. |
| 131.7 | The issue of such cheque, warrant or order, the collection of funds from or transfer of funds by a bank in accordance with such direct debit or bank transfer or, in respect of shares in uncertificated form, the making of payment in accordance with the system’s rules, shall be a good discharge to the Company. |
| 132. | Receipt by joint holders |
| 132.1 | If several persons are registered as joint holders of any share, any one of them may give effectual receipts for any dividend or other monies payable in respect of the share. |
| 133. | Where payment of dividends need not be made |
| 133.1 | The Company may cease to send any cheque or warrant through the post or to effect payment by any other means for any dividend or other monies payable in respect of a share which is normally paid in that manner on that share if in respect of at least two consecutive dividends payable on that share payment, through no fault of the Company, has not been effected (or, following one such occasion, reasonable enquiries have failed to establish any new address of the holder) but, subject to these Articles, the Company shall recommence payments in respect of dividends or other monies payable on that share by that means if the holder or transmittee claims the arrears of dividend and does not instruct the Company to pay future dividends in some other way. |
| 134. | Unclaimed dividends |
| 134.1 | All dividends, interest or other sums payable unclaimed for one year after having become due for payment may be invested or otherwise made use of by the Board for the benefit of the Company until claimed. The retention by the Company of, or payment into a separate account of, any unclaimed dividend or other monies payable on or in respect of a share into a separate account shall not constitute the Company a trustee in respect of it. Any dividend, interest or other sum unclaimed after a period of 12 years from the date when it became due for payment shall be forfeited and shall revert to the Company. |
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| 135. | Capitalisation of profits |
| 135.1 | Upon the recommendation of the Board, the Company may pass an ordinary resolution to the effect that it is desirable to capitalise all or any part of any undivided profits of the Company not required for paying any preferential dividend (whether or not they are available for distribution) or all or any part of any sum standing to the credit of any reserve or fund (whether or not available for distribution). |
| 135.2 | Subject as provided below, the Board may appropriate the sum resolved to be capitalised to the members who would have been entitled to it if it were distributed by way of dividend and in the same proportions and apply such sum on their behalf either in or towards paying up the amounts, if any, for the time being unpaid on any shares held by them respectively, or (subject to approval by ordinary resolution and to any subsisting special rights previously conferred on any shares or class of shares) in paying up in full shares of any class or debentures of the Company of a nominal amount equal to that sum, and allot the shares or debentures credited as fully paid to those members, or as they may direct, in those proportions, or partly in one way and partly in the other provided that: |
| 135.2.1 | the Company shall for the purposes of this Article be deemed to be such a member in relation to any shares held as treasury shares which, if not so held, would have ranked for any such distribution by way of dividend, but only insofar as the appropriated sum is to be applied in paying up in full shares of the Company; and |
| 135.2.2 | the share premium account, the capital redemption reserve, and any reserve or fund representing profits which are not available for distribution may only be applied in paying up in full shares of the Company. |
| 135.3 | The Board may authorise any person to enter on behalf of all the members concerned into an agreement with the Company providing for the allotment to them respectively, credited as fully paid, of any shares or debentures to which they are entitled upon such capitalisation and any matters incidental thereto, any agreement made under such authority being binding on all such members. |
| 135.4 | If any difficulty arises concerning any distribution of any capitalised reserve or fund, the Board may, subject to the Statutes and, in the case of shares held in uncertificated form, the system’s rules, settle it as the Board considers expedient and in particular may issue fractional certificates, authorise any person to sell and transfer any fractions or resolve that the distribution should be made as nearly as practicable in the correct proportion or may ignore fractions altogether, and may determine that cash payments shall be made to any members in order to adjust the rights of all parties as the Board considers expedient. |
| 135.5 | Where, pursuant to an employees’ share scheme, the Company has granted options to subscribe for shares on terms which provide (inter alia) for adjustments to the subscription price payable on the exercise of such options or to the number of shares to be allotted upon such exercise in the event of any increase or reduction in, or other reorganisation of, the Company’s issued share capital and an otherwise appropriate adjustment would result in the subscription price for any share being less than its nominal value, then, subject to and in accordance with the provisions of the Statutes, the Board may, on the exercise of any of the options concerned and payment of the subscription which would have applied had such adjustment been made, capitalise any such profits or other sum as is mentioned in Article 135.1 to the extent necessary to pay up the unpaid balance of the nominal value of the shares which fall to be allotted on the exercise of such options and apply such amount in paying up such balance and allot shares fully paid accordingly. The other provisions of this Article 135 shall apply mutatis mutandis to any such capitalisation except that the authority of an ordinary resolution of the Company shall not be required. |
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| 135.6 | Notwithstanding Articles 135.1 to 135.5, where: |
| 135.6.1 | the Board has established a Rights Plan and has granted Rights in accordance therewith as provided in Articles 153.1 and 153.2 below, and |
| 135.6.2 | the Board has exercised any discretion which may be conferred upon it by any Rights Plan so established to exchange or cause to be exchanged all or part of the Rights (other than Rights held by or on behalf of an Acquiring Person, which would have become void) for shares, |
for the purposes of giving effect to any such exchange as is referred to in Article 135.6.2, the Board may (without the authority of an ordinary resolution of the Company):
| 135.6.3 | resolve to capitalise any undistributed profits of the Company not required for paying any preferential dividend (whether or not they are available for distribution) or any sum standing to the credit of any reserve or other fund of the Company, including, without limitation, the Company’s share premium account and capital redemption reserve, whether or not available for distribution, being an amount equal to the nominal amount of the shares which are to be exchanged for the Rights (other than Rights held by or on behalf of or for the benefit of an Acquiring Person); and |
| 135.6.4 | apply that sum in paying up in full shares and allot such shares, credited as fully paid, to the holders of Rights (other than an Acquiring Person) and/or to a Depositary (including, for the avoidance of doubt, to a nominee of a Depositary) in exchange for the Rights (other than Rights held by or on behalf of or for the benefit of an Acquiring Person). |
| 135.7 | The provisions of Articles 135.3 and 135.4 shall apply mutatis mutandis to any resolution of the Board pursuant to Article 135.6.2 as they apply to any resolution of the Board pursuant to Article 13.5.1. |
| 136. | Authentication of documents |
| 136.1 | Any Director or the Secretary or any person appointed by the Board for the purpose shall have power to authenticate any documents or other information affecting these Articles and any resolutions passed by the Company or the Board or any committee and any books, records, accounts, documents and other communications relating to the business of the Company and to certify copies or extracts as true copies or extracts. Anything purporting to be a copy of a resolution, or an extract from the minutes of a meeting, of the Company, the Board or any committee which is certified as such in accordance with this Article shall be conclusive evidence in favour of all persons dealing with the Company upon the faith of such copy that such resolution has been duly passed or, as the case may be, that such minute or extract is a true and accurate record of proceedings at a duly constituted meeting. |
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| 137. | Power to choose record date |
| 137.1 | Notwithstanding any other provision of these Articles, the Company or the Board may fix any date as the record date for any dividend, distribution, allotment or issue and such record date may be on or at any time before or after any date on which the dividend, distribution, allotment or issue is declared, paid or made. |
| 138. | Strategic report |
| 138.1 | The Company may send or supply copies of its strategic report (with prescribed supplemental material) to the members, debenture holders and Auditors in place of its annual accounts and reports. |
| 139. | Inspection of records |
| 139.1 | No member in the capacity of member shall have any right of inspecting any record, book or document of any description belonging to the Company except as conferred by the Statutes or authorised by the Board or by ordinary resolution of the Company. |
| 140. | Destruction of documents |
| 140.1 | Subject to compliance with the system’s rules, the Company may destroy: |
| 140.1.1 | any instrument of transfer of shares and any other document on the basis of which an entry is made in the Register, at any time after the expiration of six years from the date of registration; |
| 140.1.2 | any instruction concerning the payment of dividends or other monies in respect of any share or any notification of change of name or address, at any time after the expiration of two years from the date the instruction or notification was recorded; and |
| 140.1.3 | any share certificate which has been cancelled, at any time after the expiration of one year from the date of cancellation, |
provided that the Company may destroy any such type of document after such shorter period as the Board may determine if a copy of such document is retained electronically or by other similar means and is not destroyed earlier than the original might otherwise have been destroyed in accordance with this Article.
| 140.2 | It shall conclusively be presumed in favour of the Company that every instrument of transfer so destroyed was a valid and effective instrument duly and properly registered and that every share certificate so destroyed was a valid and effective document duly and properly cancelled and that every other document so destroyed was a valid and effective document in accordance with its particulars recorded in the books or records of the Company provided that: |
| 140.2.1 | this Article shall apply only to the destruction of a document in good faith and without express notice that its retention was relevant to any claim (regardless of the parties to the claim); |
| 140.2.2 | nothing contained in this Article shall be construed as imposing upon the Company any liability in respect of the destruction of any such document earlier than the times referred to in this Article or in any case where the conditions of this Article are not fulfilled; and |
| 140.2.3 | references in this Article to the destruction of any document or thing include references to its deletion or disposal in any manner. |
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| 141. | Form of communications |
| 141.1 | Except to the extent that these Articles provide otherwise, and subject to compliance with the Statutes, anything sent or supplied by or to any person, including the Company, under these Articles may be sent or supplied, whether or not because the Statutes require it to be sent or supplied, in any way (including, except in the case of anything supplied to the Company, by making it available on a website) in which documents or information required to be sent or supplied may be sent or supplied by or to that person in accordance with the Companies Act 2006. |
| 141.2 | Except insofar as the Statutes require otherwise, the Company shall not be obliged to accept any notice, document or other information sent or supplied to the Company in electronic form unless it satisfies such stipulations, conditions or restrictions (including for the purpose of authentication) as the Board thinks fit, and the Company shall be entitled to require any such notice, document or information to be sent or supplied in hard copy form instead. |
| 141.3 | Any notice, document or other communication (including copies of accounts or summary financial statements) to be given to or by any person pursuant to these Articles (other than a notice calling a meeting of Directors) shall be in writing except that, if it is in electronic form, it need not be in writing unless these Articles specifically require it to be. |
| 141.4 | Subject to the Statutes, the Board may from time to time issue, endorse or adopt terms and conditions relating to the use of electronic means under these Articles. |
| 141.5 | Nothing in these Articles shall prevent the Company from sending or supplying any notice, document or information in hard copy form instead of in electronic form on any occasion. |
| 142. | Communication with joint holders |
| 142.1 | In the case of joint holders of a share, all notices, documents or other information shall be given to the joint holder whose name stands first in the Register in respect of the joint holding and shall be deemed to have been given to all the joint holders. Any agreement by that holder that notices, documents and other information may be sent or supplied in electronic form or by being made available on a website shall be binding on all the joint holders. |
| 143. | Communication with members in a restricted jurisdiction |
| 143.1 | Other than in respect of a Depositary, to which this Article 143.1 shall not apply, a member whose registered address is within a Restricted Jurisdiction and who sends to the Company an address which is not within a Restricted Jurisdiction at which a document or information may be sent to them shall be entitled to have the document or information sent to them at that address (provided that, in the case of a document or information sent by electronic means, including, without limitation, any notification required by the Statutes that the document or information is available on a website, the Company so agrees, which agreement the Company shall be entitled to withhold in its absolute discretion including, without limitation, in circumstances in which the Company considers that the sending of the document or information to such address using electronic means would or might infringe the laws of any other jurisdiction) but otherwise: |
| 143.1.1 | no such member shall be entitled to receive any document or information from the Company; and |
| 143.1.2 | without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any notice of a general meeting of the Company which is in fact sent or purports to be sent to such member shall be ignored for the purpose of determining the validity of the proceedings at such general. |
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| 144. | Communications after transmission |
| 144.1 | Any notice, document or other information sent or supplied to any member pursuant to these Articles shall, notwithstanding that the member is then dead or bankrupt or that any other event giving rise to the transmission of the share by operation of law has occurred and whether or not the Company has notice of the death, bankruptcy or other event, be deemed to have been properly sent or supplied in respect of any share registered in the name of that member as sole or joint holder. |
| 144.2 | Unless agreed otherwise with the relevant transmittee, the Company may send or supply any notice, document or other information to a transmittee in any manner in which it might have been sent or supplied to the member from whom the transmittee derives title to the relevant share, and as if the transmittee’s address were the same as the member’s address in the Register or the electronic address (if any) specified by the member; but the Company shall not be entitled to assume that the address or electronic address is correct if sending notice to the transmittee under section 793 of the Companies Act 2006. |
| 145. | When notice deemed served |
| 145.1 | Any notice, document or other information: |
| 145.1.1 | if sent by the Company by post or other delivery service shall be deemed to have been received on the day (whether or not it is a working day) following the day (whether or not it was a working day) on which it was put in the post or given to the delivery agent and, in proving that it was duly sent, it shall be sufficient to prove that the notice, document or information was properly addressed, prepaid and put in the post or duly given to the delivery agent; |
| 145.1.2 | if sent by the Company by electronic means in accordance with the Statutes shall be deemed to have been received on the same day that it was sent, and proof that it was sent in accordance with guidance issued by the Chartered Governance Institute shall be conclusive evidence that it was sent; |
| 145.1.3 | if made available on a website in accordance with the Statutes shall be deemed to have been received when notification of its availability on the website is deemed to have been received or, if later, when it is first made available on the website; |
| 145.1.4 | not sent by post or other delivery service but delivered personally or left by the Company at the address for that member on the Register shall be deemed to have been received on the day (whether or not it was a working day) and at the time it was so left; |
| 145.1.5 | sent or delivered by a relevant system shall be deemed to have been received when the Company (or a sponsoring system-participant acting on its behalf) sends the issuer instructions relating to the notice, document or information; |
| 145.1.6 | sent or supplied by the Company by any other means agreed by the member concerned shall be deemed to have been received when the Company has duly performed the action it has agreed to take for that purpose; and |
| 145.1.7 | to be given by the Company by advertisement shall be deemed to have been received on the day on which the advertisement appears. |
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| 146. | Record date for communications |
| 146.1 | Any notice, document or information may be sent or supplied by the Company by reference to the Register as it stands at any time not more than 21 days before the day it was sent or supplied. No change in the Register after that time shall invalidate the delivery of that notice, document or information, and every transmittee or other person not on the Register in relation to a particular share at that time who derives any title or interest in the share shall be bound by the notice, document or information without the Company being obliged to send or supply it to that person. |
| 147. | Loss of entitlement to receive communications |
| 147.1 | If on two consecutive occasions notices, documents or information have been sent to any member at the registered address or the member’s address (including an electronic address) for the service of notices but, through no fault of the Company, have been undelivered, such member shall not from then on be entitled to receive notices, documents or other information from the Company until the member has notified to the Company in writing a new address to be either the member’s registered address or the member’s address (including an electronic address) for the service of notices. |
| 148. | Notice when post not available |
| 148.1 | Subject to the Statutes, if at any time postal services are suspended or curtailed so that the Company is unable effectively to convene a general meeting or a meeting of the holders of any class of shares in its capital by notice sent through the post, the Board may decide that the only members to whom notice of the meeting must be sent are those to whom notice to convene the meeting can validly be sent by electronic means and those to whom notification as to the availability of the notice of meeting on a website can validly be sent by electronic means. In any such case the Company shall also advertise the meeting in at least two national daily newspapers published in the United Kingdom. If at least six clear days prior to the meeting the giving of notices by post to addresses throughout the United Kingdom has, in the Board’s opinion, become practicable, the Company shall send confirmatory copies of the notice by post or such other manner as is permitted under these Articles to the persons entitled to receive them when postal services are running normally. |
| 148.2 | At any time that postal services are suspended or curtailed, any other notice or information considered by the Board to be capable of being supplied by advertisement shall, if advertised in at least one such newspaper, be deemed to have been notified to all members and transmittees to whom it would otherwise have been supplied in hard copy form. |
| 149. | Liquidation Preference and Distribution in specie on winding up |
| 149.1 | Subject to Article 149.2, if the Company is wound up, the liquidator may, with the sanction of a special resolution of the Company and any other sanction required by law, divide among the members in specie the whole or any part of the assets of the Company and may, for that purpose, value any assets and determine how the division shall be carried out as between the members or different classes of members. The liquidator may, with such sanction, vest the whole or any part of the assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of members as the liquidator with such sanction determines, but no member shall be compelled to accept any assets upon which there is a liability. |
| 149.2 | On a distribution of assets on a liquidation or a return of capital (other than a conversion, redemption, buyback or purchase of shares) the surplus assets of the Company remaining after payment of its liabilities shall be applied (to the extent that the Company is lawfully permitted to do so): |
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| 149.2.1 | first in paying to the holders of the Class B Shares, if any, a total of $1.00 for the entire class of Class B Shares (which payment shall be deemed satisfied by payment to any one holder of Class B Shares); |
| 149.2.2 | second in paying to the holders of the Deferred Shares, if any, a total of $1.00 for the entire class of Deferred Shares (which payment shall be deemed satisfied by payment to any one holder of Deferred Shares); and |
| 149.2.3 | the balance of the surplus assets (if any) shall be distributed among the holders of ordinary shares pro rata to the number of ordinary shares held. |
| 150. | Indemnity and provision of funds |
| 150.1 | Subject to, and to the extent not avoided by, the Statutes but without prejudice to any indemnity to which the person may otherwise be entitled: |
| 150.1.1 | any person who is or was at any time a director, secretary or other officer (unless the office is or was as auditor) of the Company or of any of its present or former subsidiary undertakings may be indemnified out of the assets of the Company to whatever extent the Board may determine against any costs, charges, expenses, losses and liabilities sustained or incurred by the person in the actual or purported execution of duties or in the exercise or purported exercise of powers or otherwise in connection with the person’s office, whether or not sustained or incurred in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by the person in relation to the Company or the relevant undertaking; and |
| 150.1.2 | the Board shall have power to provide funds to meet any expenditure incurred or to be incurred by any such person in mounting a defence in any criminal or civil proceeding in connection with any alleged negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by the person in relation to the Company or any such undertaking, or any investigation, or action proposed to be taken, by a regulatory authority in that connection, or for the purposes of any application under the Companies Act 2006, or in order to enable the person to avoid incurring any such expenditure. |
| 151. | Power to insure |
| 151.1 | The Board may purchase and maintain insurance at the expense of the Company for the benefit of any person who is or was at any time a director or other officer (unless the office is or was as auditor) or employee of the Company or of any present or former subsidiary undertaking of the Company or of any body corporate in which the Company has or had an interest (whether direct or indirect) or who is or was at any time a trustee of any pension fund or employee benefits trust in which any employee of the Company or of any such undertaking or body corporate is or has been interested, indemnifying such person against any liability which may attach to that person, and any loss or expenditure which the person may incur, in relation to anything actually or allegedly done or omitted to be done by the person as a director, officer, employee or trustee, whether or not it involves any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by the person in relation to the Company or the relevant undertaking, body corporate, fund or trust. |
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| 152. | Disputes |
| 152.1 | The governing law of the articles is English law and the articles shall be interpreted in accordance with English law. |
| 152.2 | Unless the Company by ordinary resolution consents to the selection of an alternative forum in the United States, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act. |
| 152.3 | Save in respect of any cause of action arising under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, any proceeding, suit or action (including with respect to non-contractual disputes or claims): |
| 152.3.1 | between a shareholder in that shareholder’s capacity as such and the Company and/or its directors arising out of or in connection with the Articles or otherwise; |
| 152.3.2 | to the fullest extent permitted by law, between the Company and any of its directors in their capacities as such or as employees of the Company, including all claims made by or on behalf of the Company against its directors; and/or |
| 152.3.3 | between a shareholder in that shareholder’s capacity as such and the Company’s professional service providers, |
shall only be brought in the courts of England and Wales.
| 152.4 | Damages alone may not be an adequate remedy for any breach of this Article 152, so that in the event of a breach or anticipated breach, the remedies of injunction and/or an order for specific performance would in appropriate circumstances be available. |
| 152.5 | To the fullest extent permitted by law, any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in the share capital of the Company shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Article 152. |
| 152.6 | If this Article 152 or any part of it shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any person or entity or circumstance for any reason whatsoever, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article 152 and the application of such provision to other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. |
| 153. | Depositary arrangements |
| 153.1 | Subject to Article 153.2, the directors may make arrangements for the transfer of all or any shares in connection with the listing on the Relevant Exchange (the “U.S. Listing”) becoming effective such that the legal title to (but not the beneficial ownership of) any and each share shall be transferred (and any outstanding share certificate(s) in respect thereof shall be automatically cancelled) without any further action by the shareholder of the Company registered as the holder of such shares immediately prior to the U.S. Listing (the “Relevant Shareholder”) (in the manner set out in Article 153.4) to a Depositary (or such other depositary nominee as the Depositary may nominate), against which the Depositary shall (in its capacity as depositary) issue to Computershare Trust Company, N.A. acting in its capacity as election agent (the “Election Agent”) (or such other person as the directors may nominate, but in any case not to any person or entity which holds the legal title to such underlying shares (including for the avoidance of doubt a depositary nominee nominated by the Depositary to hold legal title)) Depositary Receipts each representing such shares to be held on behalf of such Relevant Shareholder subject to the terms of the Deposit Agreement. |
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| 153.2 | Nothing in Article 153.1 shall apply to any share held by Affiliate Shareholders upon or immediately prior to the effectiveness of the U.S. Listing, the legal title to which shall, immediately upon the effectiveness of the U.S. Listing, be transferred (and any outstanding share certificate(s) in respect thereof shall be automatically cancelled) (without any further action by such Affiliate Shareholder or the Company) to the Depositary (such term for the purposes of this paragraph only shall not include DTC) (or to such other depositary nominee as the Depositary may nominate), against which the Depositary shall (in its capacity as depositary) issue to each Affiliate Shareholder Depositary Receipts each representing such shares and the Affiliate Shareholders will be deemed to agree to, and will be bound by, the terms and conditions of the Depositary Receipts issued by the Depositary in accordance with the Deposit Agreement. |
| 153.3 | Following the exercise of the powers in Articles 153.1 and 153.2: |
| 153.3.1 | all mandates, preferences, elections and instructions of shareholders as regards their holding of shares relating to the payment currency of dividends which are in force immediately prior to the effectiveness of the U.S. Listing will no longer be valid; and |
| 153.3.2 | instructions of shareholders regarding their holding of shares (or entitlements thereto) relating to notices and other communications which are in force immediately prior to the effectiveness of the U.S. Listing will no longer be valid. |
| 153.4 | The Board may appoint any Director or any other person as attorney and/or agent for a shareholder to execute and deliver as transferor one or more forms of transfer or instructions of transfer on behalf of the Relevant Shareholder or Affiliate Shareholder (as the case may be) in favour of Depositary (or to such other depositary nominee as the Depositary may nominate) and do all such other things and execute and deliver all such documents as may in the opinion of the board or any attorney and/or agent appointed by it be necessary or desirable to give effect to the arrangements described in this Article 153 (including, without limitation, implementing one or more transfers of shares to the Depositary (or to such other depositary nominee as the Depositary may nominate) as contemplated in Article 153.1). |
| 153.5 | The Board may from time to time take such actions and do such things as they may, in their absolute discretion, think fit in relation to the operation of any such arrangements under this Article 153 including, without limitation, treating a Depositary Receipt holder or a beneficial owner of such Depositary Receipts as if it were a holder directly of the shares or interest in shares represented thereby for the purposes of these Articles. |
| 154. | Rights Plan |
| 154.1 | Subject to the provisions of the Statutes, the Board may exercise any power of the Company to establish a shareholder rights plan (a “Rights Plan”), including the execution of any document relating to the adoption and/or implementation (or both) of the Rights Plan. The Rights Plan shall be in a form which is consistent with the terms that are described in the Summary of Terms in the Appendix to these Articles or such other terms, having taken into consideration any relevant guidelines published by proxy advisory firms, as are consistent with market practice. |
| 154.2 | Subject to the provisions of the Statutes, the Board may exercise any power of the Company to grant rights to subscribe for shares of the Company and/or to acquire shares of the Company, in accordance with the Rights Plan (the “Rights”). |
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| 154.3 | The purposes for which the Board shall be entitled to establish the Rights Plan and to grant Rights in accordance therewith, as provided in Articles 154.1 and 154.2, shall include (without limitation), in the opinion of the majority of the Board present at a duly convened meeting, acting in good faith and on such grounds as the Board shall consider reasonable, irrespective of whether such grounds would be considered reasonable by any other party with or without the benefit of hindsight, improving the likelihood of any or all of the following: |
| 154.3.1 | any process which may result in an acquisition or change of Control of the Company is conducted in an orderly manner; |
| 154.3.2 | all members of the Company will be treated equally and fairly and in a similar manner; |
| 154.3.3 | an optimum price for ordinary shares would be received by or on behalf of all holders thereof; |
| 154.3.4 | the success of the Company would be promoted for the benefit of its members as a whole, having regard to the matters in section 172 of the Companies Act; |
| 154.3.5 | the long-term interests of the Company, its employees, its members and its business would be safeguarded; |
| 154.3.6 | the Company would not suffer serious economic harm; and/or |
| 154.3.7 | the Board would have additional time to gather relevant information or pursue appropriate strategies. |
| 154.4 | Subject to the provisions of the Statutes, the Board may determine not to redeem the Rights and accordingly exercise any power of the Company to: |
| 154.4.1 | allot shares pursuant to the exercise of the Rights; or |
| 154.4.2 | exchange or cause to be exchanged all or any part of the Rights, |
in each case other than the Rights of an Acquiring Person, for shares (an “Exchange”) in each case in accordance with the Rights Plan. The purposes for which the Board shall be entitled not to redeem the Rights, and accordingly to exercise any power of the Company to allot shares or effect an Exchange, shall include (without limitation) where, in the opinion of the majority of the Board members present at a duly convened meeting, acting in good faith and on such grounds as the Board shall consider reasonable, irrespective of whether such grounds would be considered reasonable by any other party with or without the benefit of hindsight, not to redeem the Rights and accordingly to exercise any power of the Company to effect an Exchange or to allot shares, would improve the likelihood that:
| 154.4.2.1 | the use of abusive tactics by any person in connection with any potential acquisition or change of Control of the Company would be prevented; |
| 154.4.2.2 | any potential acquisition or change of Control of the Company which would be unlikely to treat all members of the Company equally and fairly and in a similar manner would be prevented; |
| 154.4.2.3 | any potential acquisition or change of Control of the Company at a price which would undervalue the Company or its shares would be prevented; |
| 154.4.2.4 | any potential acquisition or change of Control of the Company which would not be likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its members as a whole, having regard to the matters in section 172 of the Companies Act, would be prevented; |
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| 154.4.2.5 | the long-term interests of the Company and/or its members, its employees and its business would be safeguarded; or |
| 154.4.2.6 | the Company would not suffer serious economic harm, |
or all or any of the above.
| 154.5 | For the purposes of Articles 154.1 to 154.4: |
| 154.5.1 | a person shall be treated as entitled to acquire anything which he or she is entitled to acquire at a future date, or will at a future date be entitled to acquire, irrespective of whether such future acquisition is contingent upon satisfaction of any conditions precedent; |
| 154.5.2 | there shall be attributed to any person (other than a Depositary) any rights or powers of a nominee of him or her, that is to say, any rights or powers which another person possesses on his or her behalf or may be required to exercise on his or her direction or behalf (including rights or powers of a nominee possessed or exercisable by the nominee on behalf of such person); |
| 154.5.3 | “Acquiring Person” means a person having Control of the Company as determined by the Board in its absolute discretion; |
| 154.5.4 | “beneficial ownership” of any person or group of affiliated or associated persons shall have the meaning given to such term under the U.S. federal securities laws, including the Exchange Act, and shall mean the notional securities underlying any derivatives contract held by the person or group in question (whether to be settled in cash, shares or others); |
| 154.5.5 | “Control” means that a person, alone or with (I) a group of affiliated or associated persons, (II) anyone with whom he or she is acting in concert, or (III) both, exercises, or is able to exercise or is entitled to acquire, the direct or indirect power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of the Company, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise, and in particular, but without prejudice to the generality of the preceding words, if he, alone or with (x) a group of affiliated or associated persons, (y) anyone with whom he or she is acting in concert, or (z) both, possesses or is entitled to acquire: |
| 154.5.5.1 | beneficial ownership of fifteen (15) per cent. or more of the voting rights attributable to the capital of the Company which are exercisable at a general meeting of the Company; |
| 154.5.5.2 | such percentage of the issued share capital of the Company as would, if the whole of the income or assets of the Company were in fact distributed among the members (without regard to any rights which he or she or any other person has as a loan creditor), entitle him or her to receive fifteen (15) per cent. or more of the income or assets so distributed; or |
| 154.5.5.3 | such rights as would, in the event of the winding-up of the Company or in any other circumstances, entitle him or her to receive fifteen (15) per cent or more of the assets of the Company which would then be available for distribution among the members; |
| 154.5.6 | “group of affiliated or associated persons” shall have the meaning given to such terms under the Exchange Act; and |
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| 154.5.7 | “person” means, without limitation, any individual, firm, body corporate, unincorporated association, government, state or agency of state, association, joint venture or partnership, in each case whether or not having a separate legal personality provided that any reference to a person shall not include a person providing depositary or clearance services or a nominee of such person. |
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| Appendix |
SUMMARY OF TERMS
RIGHTS TO PURCHASE SHARES OF NEWCLEO PLC
Subject to the provisions of the Companies Act 2006 and every other enactment from time to time in force concerning companies (including any orders, regulations or other subordinate legislation made under the Companies Act 2006 or any such other enactment), so far as they apply to or affect newcleo plc (the “Company”), the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) may exercise any power of the Company to establish a shareholders rights plan (the “Rights Plan”). The Rights Plan shall be in a form which is consistent with the terms that are described in this Summary of Terms or such other terms, having taken into consideration any relevant guidelines published by proxy advisory firms, as are consistent with market practice.
Pursuant to the Rights Plan, the Board would declare and issue one share purchase right (a “Right”) for each outstanding voting share in the capital of the Company (each a “Voting Share”). Each Right would entitle the registered holder, upon payment to the Company of the price per Right specified in the Rights Plan, to have delivered to such holder one (1) Voting Share of the same class as the Voting Shares in respect of which the Right was issued or one (1) share of any other class or series as specified in the Rights Plan (a “Share”), subject to adjustment.
Until the earlier to occur of (i) ten (10) days following a public announcement that a person or group of affiliated or associated persons or persons acting in concert (a “group”) has acquired beneficial ownership of fifteen (15) per cent. or more of the outstanding Voting Shares (such person or group, unless the Board determines in its absolute discretion otherwise, an “Acquiring Person”) and (ii) 10 days (or such later date as may be determined by action of the Board prior to such time as any person or group were to become an Acquiring Person) following the commencement of, or announcement of an intention to make, a takeover offer by a person or group the consummation of which would result in the beneficial ownership of fifteen (15) per cent. or more of the outstanding Voting Shares being acquired by that person or group (the earlier of such dates being called the “Distribution Date”), each Right would be associated with an individual Voting Share and the Rights would be transferred with and only with the Voting Shares.
After the Distribution Date, separate certificates evidencing the Rights (“Right Certificates”) would be mailed to (or credited to the account of) holders of record of the Shares as of the close of business on the Distribution Date. Such separate Right Certificates alone would then evidence the Rights and the Rights would then be separately transferable.
The Rights would not be exercisable until the Distribution Date. The Rights would expire on a date to be specified in the Rights Plan, which date is not to exceed three (3) years from the Distribution Date (the “Expiry Date”), unless the Rights were earlier redeemed or exchanged by the Company.
After the Distribution Date, each holder of a Right, other than Rights held by or on behalf of any Acquiring Person (which would thereupon become void), would thereafter have the right to receive upon exercise of a Right that number of Voting Shares having a value (as determined by the Rights Plan) of two (2) times the exercise price for the Right.
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If, after a person or group were to become an Acquiring Person, the Company were to be acquired by a third party (including an Acquiring Person) including, without limitation, by way of merger, amalgamation or other business combination transaction, or by acquisition of fifty (50) per cent. or more of the Company’s assets, cash flow or earning power, proper provisions would be made so that each holder of a Right (other than Rights held by or on behalf of an Acquiring Person, which would have become void) would thereafter have the right to receive upon the exercise of a Right that number of shares of such third party (including an Acquiring Person) or its parent that at the time of such acquisition would have a value (as determined by the Rights Plan) of two (2) times the exercise price of the Right.
At any time after any person or group were to become an Acquiring Person and prior to the earlier of one of the events described in the previous paragraph or acquisition by such Acquiring Person of an interest in fifty (50) per cent. or more of the outstanding Voting Shares, the board would have the authority to exchange or cause to be exchanged the Rights (other than Rights held by or on behalf of such Acquiring Person, which would have become void), in whole or in part, for Shares at an exchange ratio of one Share per Right, subject to the receipt of any consideration required by applicable law to be received by the Company in respect of the same.
At any time until ten (10) days following the first public announcement that any person or group has become an Acquiring Person, the board would have the authority to redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price per Right to be specified in the Rights Plan (the “Redemption Price”).
So long as the Rights are redeemable, the Board would have the authority, except with respect to the Redemption Price, to amend the Rights Plan in any manner, subject to applicable law and any restrictions set forth in the Articles of the Company. After any person or group became an Acquiring Person, the Board would have the authority, except with respect to the Redemption Price, to amend the Rights Plan in any manner that would not adversely affect the interests of holders of the Rights (other than Rights held by or on behalf of any Acquiring Person, which would have become void) or shorten or lengthen any time period under the Rights Plan (other than the Expiry Date or the time period within which redemption can occur).
Before the exercise of a Right, a Right would not entitle the holder thereof to any rights as a shareholder of the Company including, without limitation, the right to vote or receive dividends in respect of such Right.
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Exhbit 99.2
WARRANT TERMINATION, ASSIGNMENT, ASSUMPTION AND AMENDMENT AGREEMENT
THIS WARRANT TERMINATION, ASSIGNMENT, ASSUMPTION AND AMENDMENT AGREEMENT (this “Agreement”), dated as of September 21, 2026, is by and among newcleo PLC, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “Company”), NewHold Investment Corp III, a Cayman Islands exempted company (“NewHold”), solely for the purposes of Section 1, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York corporation (“Prior Warrant Agent”), and Computershare Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Computershare Inc.”), and its affiliate, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., a federally chartered trust company (“Trust Company” and together with Computershare Inc., in such capacity as warrant agent, the “Warrant Agent” and also referred to herein as the “Transfer Agent”), and amends and restates in its entirety (and supersedes) that certain Warrant Agreement, dated February 27, 2025 (“Prior Warrant Agreement”), by and between NewHold and Prior Warrant Agent, pursuant to Section 9.8 of the Prior Warrant Agreement. This Agreement shall be effective as of the closing of the Business Combination (as defined below) (the “Effective Date”).
WHEREAS, in connection with NewHold’s initial public offering of units of NewHold’s equity securities, each such unit comprised of one Class A ordinary share, par value $0.0001 per share, of NewHold (each, a “NewHold Class A Share”) and one-half of one Public Warrant (as defined below) (the “Units”) NewHold issued (i) 10,062,500 warrants to public investors (the “Public Warrants”) and (ii) 390,050 warrants to NewHold Industrial Technology III LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Sponsor”) and certain underwriters for NewHold’s initial public offering, including BTIG, LLC (the “Lead Underwriter”, and all such warrants, the “Private Placement Warrants”, and collectively with the Public Warrants, the “Existing Warrants”);
WHEREAS, the Company and NewHold have entered into that certain Business Combination Agreement (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “BCA”), dated as of May 26, 2026, by and among NewHold, the Company, newcleo1 Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability and a direct wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub 1”), and newcleo2 Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability and a direct wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub 2”);
WHEREAS, upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the BCA, (a) at the First Merger Effective Time (as defined in the BCA), Merger Sub 1 will merge with and into NewHold, and as a result of which the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub 1 will cease and NewHold will continue as the surviving company in such merger and as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “First Merger Surviving Company”) and (b) at the Second Merger Effective Time (as defined in the BCA), the First Merger Surviving Company will merge with and into Merger Sub 2, and as a result of which the separate corporate existence of the First Merger Surviving Company will cease and Merger Sub 2 will continue as the surviving company in such merger and as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the transactions described in the foregoing clauses (a) and (b), the “Mergers”)
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 3.7(a) of the BCA and in accordance with Section 4.3.2 of the Prior Warrant Agreement, at the First Merger Effective Time, (i) the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants that are issued, outstanding and unexercised immediately prior to the First Merger Effective Time, shall be exchanged for the right to receive a warrant to acquire one (1) ordinary share in the capital of the Company subject to adjustment as described herein (each, an “Ordinary Share”, and each such warrant as so adjusted and amended, a “Warrant”) and such Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants shall be deemed terminated;
WHEREAS, in connection with the transactions contemplated by the BCA, (i) NewHold desires to assign to the Company all of NewHold’s rights, interests and obligations under the Prior Warrant Agreement and (ii) the Company desires to adopt this Agreement providing for the existence of the Warrants to assume and accept all of NewHold’s rights, interests and obligations under the Prior Warrant Agreement and the Warrants;
WHEREAS, the board of directors of NewHold has determined that the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the BCA will constitute a Business Combination (as defined in Section 3.2 of the Prior Warrant Agreement);
WHEREAS, Section 9.8 of the Prior Warrant Agreement provides that NewHold and Prior Warrant Agent may amend the Prior Warrant Agreement without the consent of any Registered Holder (i) for the purpose of curing any ambiguity or to correct any defective provision or mistake contained therein, including to conform the provisions thereof to the description of the terms of the Warrants and the Prior Warrant Agreement set forth in the registration statement on Form S-1, File No. 333-252739 (the “Registration Statement”) and prospectus (the “Prospectus”) filed by NewHold, and (ii) in the event of an Alternative Issuance (as hereinafter defined) resulting from a Business Combination, to provide for the delivery of an Alternative Issuance pursuant to Section 4.3.2 of the Prior Warrant Agreement;
WHEREAS, NewHold desires to assign all of its right, title and interest in the Prior Warrant Agreement to the Company and the Company wishes to accept, adopt and assume all of NewHold’s liabilities and obligations thereunder such assignment;
WHEREAS, effective upon the First Merger Effective Time (as defined in the BCA), the Company wishes to appoint the Warrant Agent to serve as successor warrant agent under the Prior Warrant Agreement (as amended hereby) and in furtherance of the foregoing, NewHold and the Company have waived the requirement in Section 8.2.1 of the Prior Warrant Agreement that the successor warrant agent be a corporation or other entity organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York and having its principal office in the Borough of Manhattan, City and State of New York;
WHEREAS, in connection with and effective upon such appointment, Prior Warrant Agent wishes to assign all of its rights, interests and obligations as warrant agent under the Prior Warrant Agreement (as amended hereby) to the Warrant Agent and the Warrant Agent wishes to adopt and assume all of such rights, interests and obligations and the Company wishes to approve such adoption, assignment and assumption; and
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WHEREAS, the Company desires to provide for the form and provisions of the Warrants, the terms upon which they shall be issued and exercised, and the respective rights, limitation of rights, and immunities of the Company, the Warrant Agent, and the holders of the Warrants; and
WHEREAS, all acts and things have been done and performed which are necessary to make the Warrants, when executed on behalf of the Company and countersigned by or on behalf of the Warrant Agent, as provided herein, the valid, binding and legal obligations of the Company, and to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements herein contained, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Assignment and Assumption; Termination; Appointment of Warrant Agent; Amendment and Restatement.
| 1.1. | Assignment and Assumption. NewHold hereby assigns to the Company all of NewHold’s right, title and interest in and to the Prior Warrant Agreement (as amended hereby) and the Company hereby adopts and assumes, and agrees to pay, perform, satisfy and discharge in full, as the same become due, all of NewHold’s liabilities and obligations under the Prior Warrant Agreement (as amended hereby) arising from and after the execution of this Agreement, in each case, as of the First Merger Effective Time, and conditioned on the occurrence of the Closing (as defined in the BCA). As a result of the preceding sentence, effective immediately prior First Merger Effective Time, each Existing Warrant shall be exchanged for receipt of newly issued Warrants and automatically cease to represent a right to acquire NewHold Class A Shares and the Existing Warrants shall thereupon be deemed terminated and no longer outstanding and the newly issued Warrants shall instead represent a right to acquire Ordinary Shares pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. |
| 1.2. | Consent. Prior Warrant Agent hereby consents to the assignment of the Prior Warrant Agreement by NewHold to the Company pursuant to Section 1.1 hereof effective immediately at the First Merger Effective Time and conditioned on the occurrence of the Closing, and the assumption of the Prior Warrant Agreement by the Company from NewHold pursuant to Section 1.1 hereof effective at the First Merger Effective Time and conditioned on the occurrence of the Closing, subject at all times to the provisions, covenants, agreements, terms and conditions of this Agreement. |
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| 1.3. | Appointment of Warrant Agent. The Company hereby appoints the Warrant Agent to serve as successor warrant agent to Prior Warrant Agent under this Agreement effective upon the Closing, and the Prior Warrant Agent hereby assigns to the Warrant Agent, and the Warrant Agent hereby agrees to accept, adopt and assume, with effect from Closing all of Prior Warrant Agent’s rights, interests and obligations in, and under the Prior Warrant Agreement (as amended hereby) and the Warrants, as warrant agent; provided that, the Warrant Agent shall not assume any of Prior Warrant Agent’s liabilities and obligations under the Prior Warrant Agreement (as amended hereby) arising prior to the Closing. |
| 1.4. | Amendment and Restatement. The Company and the Warrant Agent agree that the Prior Warrant Agreement is hereby amended and restated (and superseded) in its entirety as of the First Merger Effective Time. |
2. Warrants.
| 2.1. | Form of Warrant. Each Warrant shall be issued in registered form only, and, if a physical certificate is issued, shall be in substantially the form of Exhibit A hereto, the provisions of which are incorporated herein and shall be signed by, or bear the facsimile signature of any director or principal officer of the Company. In the event the person whose facsimile signature has been placed upon any Warrant shall have ceased to serve in the capacity in which such person signed the Warrant before such Warrant is issued, it may be issued with the same effect as if he or she had not ceased to be such at the date of issuance. |
| 2.2. | Effect of Countersignature. If a physical certificate is issued, unless and until countersigned manually or by facsimile or other electronic signature by the Warrant Agent pursuant to this Agreement, a Warrant certificate shall be invalid and of no effect and may not be exercised by the holder thereof. |
| 2.3. | Registration. |
| 2.3.1. | Warrant Register. The Warrant Agent shall maintain books (the “Warrant Register”) for the registration of original issuance and the registration of transfer of the Warrants. Upon the initial issuance of the Warrants, the Warrant Agent shall issue and register the Warrants in the names of the respective holders thereof in such denominations and otherwise in accordance with instructions delivered to the Warrant Agent by the Company. All of the Warrants shall initially be represented by one or more Book-Entry Warrant Certificates deposited with The Depository Trust Company (the “Depositary”) and registered in the name of Cede & Co., a nominee of the Depositary. Ownership of beneficial interests in the Warrants shall be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership shall be effected through, records maintained by (i) the Depositary or its nominee for each Book-Entry Warrant Certificate, or (ii) institutions that have accounts with the Depositary (each such institution, with respect to a Warrant in its account, a “Participant”). |
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If the Depositary ceases on or after the date hereof to make its book-entry settlement system available for the Warrants, the Company may instruct the Warrant Agent regarding making other arrangements for settlement of transactions in the Warrants, including transfer to GTU Ops Inc. (the “Depositary Nominee”), a company incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware with its registered address at 150 Royall Street, Canton, Massachusetts 02021, to facilitate the issuance of depositary receipts in respect of the Warrants (the “Depositary Receipts”). In the event that the Warrants are not eligible for, or it is no longer necessary to have the Warrants available in, book-entry form, the Warrant Agent shall provide written instructions to the Depositary to deliver to the Warrant Agent for cancellation each book-entry Warrant, and the Company shall instruct the Warrant Agent to (i) deliver to the Depositary definitive certificates in physical form evidencing such Warrants (“Definitive Warrant Certificates”) which shall be in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A, subsequently the Depositary will transmit such Definitive Warrant Certificates to the holders of the Warrants in respect of the Warrants to which they are beneficially entitled or (ii) transfer such Warrants to the Depositary Nominee, who shall issue Depositary Receipts to the holders of the Warrants in respect of the Warrants to which they are beneficially entitled.
| 2.3.2. | Registered Holder. Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of any Warrant, the Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the person in whose name such Warrant is registered in the Warrant Register (the “Registered Holder”) as the absolute owner of such Warrant and of each Warrant represented thereby (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing on a Definitive Warrant Certificate made by anyone other than the Company or the Warrant Agent), for the purpose of any exercise thereof, and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. |
| 2.4. | [Reserved.] |
| 2.5. | No Fractional Warrants. The Company shall not issue fractional Warrants. If a holder of Warrants would be entitled to receive a fractional Warrant, the Company shall round down to the nearest whole number the number of Warrants to be issued to such holder. |
| 2.6. | The Warrants shall be subject in all cases to the amended and restated articles of association of the Company (including any transfer restrictions applicable to the Warrants contained therein). |
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3. Terms and Exercise of Warrants.
| 3.1. | Warrant Price. Each Warrant shall entitle the Registered Holder thereof, subject to the provisions of such Warrant and of this Agreement, including without limitation, subsection 3.3.5, to purchase from the Company the number of Ordinary Shares stated therein, at the price of $11.50 per share, subject to the adjustments provided in Section 4 hereof and in the last sentence of this Section 3.1. The term “Warrant Price” as used in this Agreement shall mean the price per share (including in cash or by payment of Warrants pursuant to a “cashless exercise,” to the extent permitted hereunder) described in the prior sentence at which the Ordinary Shares may be purchased at the time a Warrant is exercised. The Company in its sole discretion may lower the Warrant Price at any time prior to the Expiration Date (as defined below) for a period of not less than twenty (20) Business Days (unless otherwise required by the Commission, any national securities exchange on which the Warrants are listed or applicable law), provided, that the Company shall provide at least three (3) days’ prior written notice of such reduction to Registered Holders of the Warrants and, provided further that any such reduction shall be identical among all of the Warrants. |
| 3.2. | Duration of Warrants. A Warrant may be exercised only during the period (the “Exercise Period”) (A) commencing on the date that is thirty (30) days after the Effective Date, and terminating on the earliest to occur of: (x) 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the date that is five (5) years after the Effective Date, (y) the liquidation of the Company, and (z) with respect to a redemption pursuant to Section 6.1 hereof, 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the Redemption Date (as defined below) as provided in Section 6.2 hereof (the “Expiration Date”); provided, however, that the exercise of any Warrant shall be subject to the satisfaction of any applicable conditions, as set forth in subsection 3.3.2 below, with respect to an effective registration statement or a valid exemption therefrom being available. Each outstanding Warrant not exercised on or before the Expiration Date shall become void, and all rights thereunder and all rights in respect thereof under this Agreement shall cease at 5:00 p.m. New York City time on the Expiration Date. The Company in its sole discretion may extend the duration of the Warrants by delaying the Expiration Date; provided, that the Company shall provide at least twenty (20) days prior written notice of any such extension to Registered Holders of the Warrants and, provided further that any such extension shall be identical in duration among all the Warrants. |
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| 3.3. | Exercise of Warrants. |
| 3.3.1. | Payment. Subject to the provisions of the Warrant and this Agreement, including without limitation, subsection 3.3.5, a Warrant may be exercised by the Registered Holder thereof by delivering to the Warrant Agent at the principal office of the Warrant Agent or to the office of one of its agents as may be designated by the Warrant Agent from time to time, or at the office of its successor as Warrant Agent, (i) the Definitive Warrant Certificate evidencing the Warrants to be exercised, or, in the case of a Book-Entry Warrant Certificate, the Warrants to be exercised (the “Book-Entry Warrants”) on the records of the Depositary to an account of the Warrant Agent at the Depositary designated for such purposes in writing by the Warrant Agent to the Depositary from time to time, (ii) an election to purchase (“Election to Purchase”) Ordinary Shares pursuant to the exercise of a Warrant, properly completed and duly executed by the Registered Holder on the reverse of the Definitive Warrant Certificate or, in the case of a Book-Entry Warrant Certificate, properly delivered by the Participant in accordance with the Depositary’s procedures, and (iii) payment in full of the Warrant Price for each Ordinary Share as to which the Warrant is exercised and any and all applicable taxes due in connection with the exercise of the Warrant, the exchange of the Warrant for the Ordinary Shares and the issuance of such Ordinary Shares, as follows: |
| (a) | in lawful money of the United States, in good bank draft or good certified check payable to the order of the Warrant Agent or by wire transfer of immediately available funds; |
| (b) | in the event of a redemption pursuant to Section 6 hereof in which the Company’s board of directors (the “Board”) has elected to require all holders of the relevant Warrants to exercise such Warrants on a “cashless basis,” by surrendering the Warrants for that number of Ordinary Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Ordinary Shares underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the excess of the “Fair Market Value”, as defined in this subsection 3.3.1(b), over the Warrant Price by (y) the Fair Market Value. Solely for purposes of this subsection 3.3.1(b) and Section 6.3, the “Fair Market Value” shall mean the average reported closing price of the Ordinary Shares for the ten (10) trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of the Warrants, pursuant to Section 6 hereof; or |
| (c) | on a cashless basis as provided in Section 7.4 hereof. |
The Warrant Agent shall not have any duty or obligation to take any action under any section of this Agreement that requires the payment of taxes and/or charges unless and until it is satisfied that all such payments have been made.
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| 3.3.2. | Issuance of Ordinary Shares on Exercise. As soon as practicable after the exercise of any Warrant and the clearance of the funds in payment of the Warrant Price (if payment is pursuant to subsection 3.3.1(a)), the Company shall issue to the Registered Holder of such Warrant a book-entry position or certificate, as applicable, for the number of Ordinary Shares to which he, she or it is entitled, registered in such name or names as may be directed by him, her or it, and if such Warrant shall not have been exercised in full, a new book-entry position or countersigned Warrant, as applicable, for the number of Ordinary Shares as to which such Warrant shall not have been exercised. If fewer than all the Warrants evidenced by a Book-Entry Warrant Certificate are exercised, a notation shall be made to the records maintained by the Depositary, its nominee for each Book-Entry Warrant Certificate, or a Participant, as appropriate, evidencing the balance of the Warrants remaining after such exercise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to deliver any Ordinary Shares pursuant to the exercise of a Warrant and shall have no obligation to settle such Warrant exercise unless a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) with respect to the Ordinary Shares underlying the Warrants is then effective and a prospectus relating thereto is current, subject to the Company’s satisfying its obligations under Section 7.4 or a valid exemption from registration is available. No Warrant shall be exercisable and the Company shall not be obligated to issue Ordinary Shares upon exercise of a Warrant unless the Ordinary Shares issuable upon such Warrant exercise have been registered, qualified or deemed to be exempt from registration or qualification under the securities laws of the state of residence of the Registered Holder of the Warrants. In the event that the conditions in the two immediately preceding sentences are not satisfied with respect to a Warrant, the holder of such Warrant shall not be entitled to exercise such Warrant. In no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the Warrant exercise. The Company may require holders of Warrants to settle the Warrant on a “cashless basis” pursuant to Section 7.4. If, by reason of any exercise of Warrants on a “cashless basis,” the holder of any Warrant would be entitled, upon the exercise of such Warrant, to receive a fractional interest in an Ordinary Share, the Company shall round down to the nearest whole number, the number of Ordinary Shares to be issued to such holder. The Warrant Agent shall not be liable for the Company’s failure to timely deliver the Ordinary Shares pursuant to the terms of the Warrants, nor shall the Warrant Agent be liable for any liquidated damages or any other damages associated therewith. |
| 3.3.3. | Valid Issuance. All Ordinary Shares issued upon the proper exercise of a Warrant in conformity with this Agreement shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. |
| 3.3.4. | Date of Issuance. Each person in whose name any book-entry position or certificate, as applicable, for Ordinary Shares is issued shall for all purposes be deemed to have become the holder of record of such Ordinary Shares on the date on which the Warrant, or book-entry position representing such Warrant, was surrendered and payment of the Warrant Price was made, irrespective of the date of delivery of such certificate in the case of a certificated Warrant, except that, if the date of such surrender and payment is a date when the share transfer books of the Company or book-entry system of the Warrant Agent are closed, such person shall be deemed to have become the holder of such Ordinary Shares at the close of business on the next succeeding date on which the share transfer books or book-entry system are open. |
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| 3.3.5. | Maximum Percentage. A holder of a Warrant may notify the Company in writing in the event it elects to be subject to the provisions contained in this subsection 3.3.5; however, no holder of a Warrant shall be subject to this subsection 3.3.5 unless he, she or it makes such election. To the extent that a holder makes such an election, such holder shall not have the right to exercise such Warrant, to the extent that after giving effect to such exercise, such person (together with such person’s affiliates) or any “group” of which the holder or its affiliate is a member, would beneficially own in excess of 4.9% or 9.8% (or such other amount as a holder may specify)(the “Maximum Percentage”) of the Ordinary Shares outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise. For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the aggregate number of Ordinary Shares beneficially owned by such person and its affiliates, or any group of which such person and its affiliates is a member, shall include the number of Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant with respect to which the determination of such sentence is being made, but shall exclude Ordinary Shares that would be issuable upon (x) exercise of the remaining, unexercised portion of the Warrant beneficially owned by such person and its affiliates, or any group of which any such person or its affiliates is a member, and (y) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company beneficially owned by such person and its affiliates, or any group of which such person or its affiliates is a member (including, without limitation, any convertible notes or convertible preferred shares or warrants) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this paragraph, beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”). For purposes hereof, “group” has the meaning set forth in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and applicable regulations of the Commission, and the percentage held by the holder shall be determined in a manner consistent with the provisions of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act. To the extent that a holder makes the election described in this subsection 3.3.5, the Warrant Agent shall not effect the exercise of the holder’s Warrant, and such holder shall not have the right to exercise such Warrant unless it provides to the Warrant Agent in its Election to Purchase, a certification that, upon after giving effect to such exercise, such person (together with such person’s affiliates) or any “group” of which such holder or its affiliates is a member, would not beneficially own in excess of the Maximum Percentage of the Ordinary Shares outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise as determined in accordance with this subsection 3.3.5; provided that the determination of whether a Warrant is exercisable and of the number of Warrants that are exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the holder, and the submission of an Election to Purchase with the foregoing certification shall be deemed to be the holder’s determination of whether such Warrant is exercisable and of the number of Warrants that are exercisable, and neither the Warrant Agent nor the Company shall have any obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination and neither of them shall have any liability for any error made by the holder or any other Person. For purposes of the Warrant, in determining the number of outstanding Ordinary Shares, the holder may rely on the number of outstanding Ordinary Shares as reflected in (1) the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 20-F or other public filing with the Commission as the case may be, (2) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (3) any other notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of Ordinary Shares outstanding. For any reason at any time, upon the written request of the holder of the Warrant, the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days, confirm orally and in writing to such holder the number of Ordinary Shares then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding Ordinary Shares shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of equity securities of the Company by the holder and its affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding Ordinary Shares was reported. By written notice to the Company, the holder of a Warrant may from time to time increase or decrease the Maximum Percentage applicable to such holder to any other percentage specified in such notice; provided, however, that any such increase shall not be effective until the sixty-first (61st) day after such notice is delivered to the Company. |
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| 3.3.6. | Cost Basis. In the event of a cash exercise, the Company hereby instructs the Warrant Agent to record cost basis for newly issued Ordinary Shares in a manner to be subsequently communicated by the Company in writing to the Warrant Agent. In the event of a cashless exercise, the Company shall provide cost basis for the Ordinary Shares issued pursuant to a cashless exercise at the time the Company provides the amount of Ordinary Shares issuable upon such cashless exercise to the Warrant Agent pursuant to Section 7.4 hereof. |
4. Adjustments.
| 4.1. | Share Capitalizations. |
| 4.1.1. | Sub-division. If after the date hereof, and subject to the provisions of Section 4.6 below, the number of outstanding Ordinary Shares is increased by a dividend payable in Ordinary Shares, or by a sub-division of Ordinary Shares or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such dividend, sub-division or similar event, the number of Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant shall be increased in proportion to such increase in the outstanding Ordinary Shares. A rights offering made to all or substantially all holders of the Ordinary Shares entitling holders to purchase Ordinary Shares at a price less than the “Historical Fair Market Value” (as defined below) shall be deemed a dividend of a number of Ordinary Shares equal to the product of (i) the number of Ordinary Shares actually sold in such rights offering (or issuable under any other equity securities sold in such rights offering that are convertible into or exercisable for Ordinary Shares) and (ii) one (1) minus the quotient of (x) the price per Ordinary Share paid in such rights offering divided by (y) the Historical Fair Market Value. For purposes of this subsection 4.1.1, (i) if the rights offering is for securities convertible into or exercisable for Ordinary Shares, in determining the price payable for Ordinary Shares, there shall be taken into account any consideration received for such rights, as well as any additional amount payable upon exercise or conversion and (ii) “Historical Fair Market Value” means the volume weighted average price of the Ordinary Shares as reported during the ten (10) trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the first date on which the Ordinary Shares trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, without the right to receive such rights. No Ordinary Shares shall be issued at less than their par value. |
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| 4.1.2. | Extraordinary Dividends. If the Company, at any time while the Warrants are outstanding and unexpired, shall pay a dividend or make a distribution in cash, securities or other assets to all or substantially all of the holders of Ordinary Shares on account of such Ordinary Shares (or other shares of the Company’s share capital into which the Warrants are convertible), other than (a) as described in subsection 4.1.1 above or (b) Ordinary Cash Dividends (as defined below) (any such non-excluded event being referred to herein as an “Extraordinary Dividend”), then the Warrant Price shall be decreased, effective immediately after the effective date of such Extraordinary Dividend, by the amount of cash and/or the fair market value (as determined by the Board, in good faith) of any securities or other assets paid on each Ordinary Share in respect of such Extraordinary Dividend. For purposes of this subsection 4.1.2, “Ordinary Cash Dividends” means any cash dividend or cash distribution which, when combined on a per share basis, with the per share amounts of all other cash dividends and cash distributions paid on the Ordinary Shares during the 365-day period ending on the date of declaration of such dividend or distribution (as adjusted to appropriately reflect any of the events referred to in other subsections of this Section 4 and excluding cash dividends or cash distributions that resulted in an adjustment to the Warrant Price or to the number of Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant) does not exceed $0.50 (being 5% of the offering price of the Units in the Offering) but only with respect to the amount of the aggregate cash dividends or cash distributions equal to or less than $0.50. Solely for purposes of illustration, if the Company, at a time while the Warrants are outstanding and unexpired, pays a cash dividend of $0.35 and previously paid an aggregate of $0.40 of cash dividends and cash distributions on the Ordinary Shares during the 365-day period ending on the date of declaration of such $0.35 dividend, then the Warrant Price will be decreased, effectively immediately after the effective date of such $0.35 dividend, by $0.25 (the absolute value of the difference between $0.75 (the aggregate amount of all cash dividends and cash distributions paid or made in such 365-day period, including such $0.35 dividend) and $0.50 (the greater of (x) $0.50 and (y) the aggregate amount of all cash dividends and cash distributions paid or made in such 365-day period prior to such $0.35 dividend)). |
| 4.2. | Aggregation of Shares. If after the date hereof, and subject to the provisions of Section 4.6 hereof, the number of outstanding Ordinary Shares is decreased by a consolidation, combination, reverse share sub-division or reclassification of Ordinary Shares or other similar event, then, on the effective date of such consolidation, combination, reverse share sub-division, reclassification or similar event, the number of Ordinary Shares issuable on exercise of each Warrant shall be decreased in proportion to such decrease in outstanding Ordinary Shares. |
| 4.3. | Adjustments in Warrant Price. |
| 4.3.1. | Whenever the number of Ordinary Shares purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrants is adjusted, as provided in subsection 4.1.1 or Section 4.2 above, the Warrant Price shall be adjusted (to the nearest cent) by multiplying such Warrant Price immediately prior to such adjustment by a fraction (x) the numerator of which shall be the number of Ordinary Shares purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrants immediately prior to such adjustment, and (y) the denominator of which shall be the number of Ordinary Shares so purchasable immediately thereafter. |
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| 4.4. | Replacement of Securities upon Reorganization, etc. In case of any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding Ordinary Shares (other than a change covered by subsections 4.1.1, 4.1.2 or Section 4.2 hereof or that solely affects the par value of such Ordinary Shares), or in the case of any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another entity or conversion of the Company as another entity (other than a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the continuing corporation and is not a subsidiary of another entity whose shareholders did not own all or substantially all of the Ordinary Shares of the Company in substantially the same proportions immediately before such transaction and that does not result in any reclassification or reorganization of the outstanding Ordinary Shares), or in the case of any sale or conveyance to another entity of the assets or other property of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety in connection with which the Company is dissolved, the holders of the Warrants shall thereafter have the right to purchase and receive, upon the basis and upon the terms and conditions specified in the Warrants and in lieu of the Ordinary Shares of the Company immediately theretofore purchasable and receivable upon the exercise of the rights represented thereby, the kind and amount of shares or other securities or property (including cash) receivable upon such reclassification, reorganization, merger or consolidation, or upon a dissolution following any such sale or transfer, that the holder of the Warrants would have received if such holder had exercised his, her or its Warrant(s) immediately prior to such event (the “Alternative Issuance”); provided, however, that (i) if the holders of the Ordinary Shares were entitled to exercise a right of election as to the kind or amount of securities, cash or other assets receivable upon such consolidation or merger, then the kind and amount of securities, cash or other assets constituting the Alternative Issuance for which each Warrant shall become exercisable shall be deemed to be the weighted average of the kind and amount received per share by the holders of the Ordinary Shares in such consolidation or merger that affirmatively make such election, and (ii) if a tender, exchange or redemption offer shall have been made to and accepted by the holders of the Ordinary Shares under circumstances in which, upon completion of such tender or exchange offer, the maker thereof, together with members of any group (within the meaning of Rule 13d-5(b)(1) under the Exchange Act (or any successor rule)) of which such maker is a part, and together with any affiliate or associate of such maker (within the meaning of Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act (or any successor rule)) and any members of any such group of which any such affiliate or associate is a part, own beneficially (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act (or any successor rule)) more than 65% of the voting power of the Company’s outstanding equity securities (including with respect to the election of directors), the holder of a Warrant shall be entitled to receive as the Alternative Issuance, the weighted average of the amount of cash, securities or other property to which such holder would actually have been entitled as a shareholder if such Warrant holder had exercised the Warrant prior to the expiration of such tender or exchange offer, accepted such offer and participated in such tender or exchange offer on a pro rata basis with all other holders of Ordinary Shares, subject to adjustments (from and after the consummation of such tender or exchange offer) as nearly equivalent as possible to the adjustments provided for in this Section 4; provided further that if less than 70% of the consideration receivable by the holders of the Ordinary Shares in the applicable event is payable in the form of capital stock or shares in the successor entity that is listed for trading on a national securities exchange or is quoted in an established over-the-counter market, or is to be so listed for trading or quoted immediately following such event, and if the Registered Holder properly exercises the Warrant within thirty (30) days following the public disclosure of the consummation of such applicable event by the Company pursuant to a Current Report on Form 6-K filed with the Commission, the Warrant Price shall be reduced by an amount (in dollars) equal to the difference (but in no event less than zero) of (i) the Warrant Price in effect prior to such reduction minus (ii) (A) the Per Share Consideration (as defined below) minus (B) the Black-Scholes Warrant Value (as defined below). The “Black-Scholes Warrant Value” means the value of a Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of the applicable event based on the Black-Scholes model as calculated by an accounting, appraisal, investment banking firm or consultant of nationally recognized standing that is, in the good faith judgment of the Board, qualified to make such calculation. “Per Share Consideration” means (i) if the consideration paid to holders of the Ordinary Shares consists exclusively of cash, the amount of such cash per Ordinary Share, and (ii) in all other cases, the volume weighted average price of the Ordinary Shares as reported during the ten (10) trading day period ending on the trading day prior to the effective date of the applicable event. If any reclassification or reorganization also results in a change in Ordinary Shares covered by subsection 4.1.1, then such adjustment shall be made pursuant to subsection 4.1.1 or Sections 4.2, 4.3 and this Section 4.4. The provisions of this Section 4.4 shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, reorganizations, mergers or consolidations, sales or other transfers. In no event will the Warrant Price be reduced to less than the par value per share issuable upon exercise of the Warrant. |
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| 4.5. | Notices of Changes in Warrant. Upon every adjustment of the Warrant Price or the number of Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant, the Company shall give written notice thereof to the Warrant Agent, which notice shall state the Warrant Price resulting from such adjustment and the increase or decrease, if any, in the number of Ordinary Shares purchasable at such price upon the exercise of a Warrant, setting forth in reasonable detail the method of calculation and the facts upon which such calculation is based. The Warrant Agent shall be entitled to rely on such notice and any adjustment or statement therein contained and shall have no duty or liability with respect thereto and shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any such adjustment or any such event unless and until it shall have received such notice. The Company shall also provide to the Warrant Agent any new or amended exercise terms. Upon the occurrence of any event specified in Sections 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 or 4.4, the Company shall give written notice of the occurrence of such event to each holder of a Warrant, at the last address set forth for such holder in the Warrant Register, of the record date or the effective date of the event. Failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not affect the legality or validity of such event. |
| 4.6. | No Fractional Shares. Notwithstanding any provision contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not issue fractional Ordinary Shares upon the exercise of Warrants. If, by reason of any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 4, the holder of any Warrant would be entitled, upon the exercise of such Warrant, to receive a fractional interest in a share, the Company shall, upon such exercise, round down to the nearest whole number the number of Ordinary Shares to be issued to such holder. |
| 4.7. | Form of Warrant. The form of Warrant need not be changed because of any adjustment pursuant to this Section 4, and Warrants issued after such adjustment may state the same Warrant Price and the same number of Ordinary Shares as is stated in the Warrants initially issued pursuant to this Agreement; provided, however, that the Company may at any time in its sole discretion make any change in the form of Warrant that the Company may deem appropriate and that does not affect the substance or the rights, duties, obligations or immunities of the Warrant Agent, and any Warrant thereafter issued or countersigned, whether in exchange or substitution for an outstanding Warrant or otherwise, may be in the form as so changed. |
| 4.8. | Other Events. In case any event shall occur affecting the Company as to which none of the provisions of the preceding subsections of this Section 4 are strictly applicable, but which would require an adjustment to the terms of the Warrants in order to (i) avoid an adverse impact on the Warrants and (ii) effectuate the intent and purpose of this Section 4, then, in each such case, the Company shall appoint a firm of independent public accountants, investment banking or other appraisal firm of recognized national standing, which shall give its opinion as to whether or not any adjustment to the rights represented by the Warrants is necessary to effectuate the intent and purpose of this Section 4 and, if they determine that an adjustment is necessary, the terms of such adjustment. The Company shall adjust the terms of the Warrants in a manner that is consistent with any adjustment recommended in such opinion. For the avoidance of doubt, all adjustments made pursuant to this Section 4.8 shall be made equally to all outstanding Warrants. |
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| 4.9. | No Adjustment. For the avoidance of doubt, no adjustment shall be made to the terms of the Warrants solely as a result of the conversion of the Class B Shares into Ordinary Shares, in each case, pursuant to the amended and restated articles of association of the Company. |
5. Transfer and Exchange of Warrants.
| 5.1. | Registration of Transfer. The Warrant Agent shall register the transfer, from time to time, of any outstanding Warrant upon the Warrant Register, upon surrender of such Warrant for transfer, in the case of a certificated Warrant, properly endorsed with signatures properly guaranteed (which may include any evidence of authority that may be required by the Warrant Agent, including but not limited to, a signature guarantee from an eligible guarantor institution participating in a signature guarantee program approved by the Securities Transfer Association) and accompanied by appropriate instructions for transfer. Upon any such transfer, a new Warrant representing an equal aggregate number of Warrants shall be issued and the old Warrant shall be cancelled by the Warrant Agent. In the case of certificated Warrants, the Warrants so cancelled shall be delivered by the Warrant Agent, at the expense of the Company, to the Company from time to time upon request. |
| 5.2. | Procedure for Surrender of Warrants. Warrants may be surrendered to the Warrant Agent, together with a written request for exchange or transfer, and thereupon the Warrant Agent shall issue in exchange therefor one or more new Warrants as requested by the Registered Holder of the Warrants so surrendered, representing an equal aggregate number of Warrants; provided, however, that except as otherwise provided herein or in any Book-Entry Warrant Certificate or Definitive Warrant Certificate, each Book-Entry Warrant Certificate and Definitive Warrant Certificate may be transferred only in whole and only to the Depositary, to another nominee of the Depositary, to a successor depository, or to a nominee of a successor depository; provided further, however, that in the event that a Warrant surrendered for transfer bears a restrictive legend, the Warrant Agent shall not cancel such Warrant and issue new Warrants in exchange thereof until the Warrant Agent has received an opinion of counsel for the Company stating that such transfer may be made and indicating whether the new Warrants must also bear a restrictive legend. |
| 5.3. | Fractional Warrants. The Warrant Agent shall not be required to effect any registration of transfer or exchange which shall result in the issuance of a warrant certificate or book-entry position for a fraction of a warrant, except as part of the Units. |
| 5.4. | Service Charges. No service charge shall be made for any exchange or registration of transfer of Warrants. |
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| 5.5. | Warrant Execution and Countersignature. The Warrant Agent is hereby authorized to countersign and to deliver, in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Warrants required to be issued pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5, and the Company, whenever required by the Warrant Agent, shall supply the Warrant Agent with Warrants duly executed on behalf of the Company for such purpose. |
6. Redemption.
| 6.1. | Redemption of Warrants for Cash. All, but not less than all, of the outstanding Warrants may be redeemed (in whole and not in part), at the option of the Company, at any time during the Exercise Period, at the office of the Warrant Agent, upon notice to the Registered Holders of the Warrants, as described in Section 6.2 below, at a Redemption Price (as defined below) of $0.01 per Warrant; provided that (a) the Reference Value equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (subject to adjustment in compliance with Section 4 hereof) and (b) there is an effective registration statement covering the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, and a current prospectus relating thereto, available throughout the Measurement Period and the 30-day Redemption Period (each as defined in Section 6.2 below). |
| 6.2. | Date Fixed for, and Notice of, Redemption; Redemption Price; Reference Value. In the event that the Company elects to redeem the Warrants pursuant to Section 6.1, the Company shall fix a date for the redemption (the “Redemption Date”). Notice of redemption shall be mailed by first class mail, postage prepaid, by the Company not less than thirty (30) days prior to the Redemption Date (such period, the “Redemption Period”) to the Registered Holders of the Warrants to be redeemed at their last addresses as they shall appear on the registration books. Any notice mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given whether or not the Registered Holder received such notice. As used in this Agreement, (a) “Redemption Price” shall mean the price per Warrant at which any Warrants are redeemed pursuant to Sections 6.1 and (b) “Reference Value” shall mean the last reported sales price of the Ordinary Shares for any twenty (20) trading days within the thirty (30) trading-day period commencing at least 30 days after the completion of the initial Business Combination and ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which notice of the redemption is given (the “Measurement Period”). |
| 6.3. | Exercise After Notice of Redemption. The Warrants may be exercised, for cash (or on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3 of this Agreement) at any time after notice of redemption shall have been given by the Company pursuant to Section 6.2 hereof and prior to the Redemption Date. In the event the Company determines to require all holders of Warrants to exercise their Warrants on a “cashless basis” pursuant to subsection 3.3.1(b), the notice of redemption will contain the information necessary to calculate the number of Ordinary Shares to be received upon exercise of the Warrants, including the “Fair Market Value” (as such term is defined in subsection 3.3.1(b) hereof) in such case. On and after the Redemption Date, the record holder of the Warrants shall have no further rights except to receive, upon surrender of the Warrants, the Redemption Price. |
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7. Other Provisions Relating to Rights of Holders of Warrants.
| 7.1. | No Rights as Shareholder. A Warrant does not entitle the Registered Holder thereof to any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right to receive dividends, or other distributions, exercise any preemptive rights to vote or to consent or to receive notice as shareholders in respect of the meetings of shareholders or the election of directors of the Company or any other matter. |
| 7.2. | Lost, Stolen, Mutilated, or Destroyed Warrants. If any Warrant is lost, stolen, mutilated, or destroyed, the Company and the Warrant Agent may on such terms as to indemnity or otherwise as they may in their discretion impose (which shall include an open penalty surety bond satisfactory to it and holding it and the Company harmless), absent notice to the Warrant Agent that such certificates have been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, and which shall, in the case of a mutilated Warrant, include the surrender thereof, issue a new Warrant of like denomination, tenor, and date as the Warrant so lost, stolen, mutilated, or destroyed. The Warrant Agent may, at its option, issue replacement Warrants for mutilated certificates upon presentation thereof without such indemnity. Any such new Warrant shall constitute a substitute contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the allegedly lost, stolen, mutilated, or destroyed Warrant shall be at any time enforceable by anyone. |
| 7.3. | Reservation of Ordinary Shares. The Company shall at all times maintain all requisite approvals to issue Ordinary Shares that shall be sufficient to permit the exercise in full of all outstanding Warrants issued pursuant to this Agreement. |
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| 7.4. | Registration of Ordinary Shares; Cashless Exercise at Company’s Option. |
| 7.4.1. | Registration of the Ordinary Shares. The Company agrees that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than twenty (20) Business Days after the Effective Date, it shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to file with the Commission a post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, or a new registration statement registering, under the Securities Act, the issuance of the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants. The Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the same to become effective and to maintain the effectiveness of such post-effective amendment or registration statement, and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration or redemption of the Warrants in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. If any such post-effective or registration statement has not been declared effective by the sixtieth (60th) Business Day following the Effective Date, holders of the Warrants shall have the right, during the period beginning on the sixty-first (61st) Business Day after the Effective Date and ending upon such post-effective amendment or registration statement being declared effective by the Commission, and during any other period when the Company shall fail to have maintained an effective registration statement covering the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, to exercise such Warrants on a “cashless basis,” by exchanging the Warrants (in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act (or any successor rule) or another exemption) for that number of Ordinary Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of Ordinary Shares underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the excess of the “Fair Market Value” (as defined below) over the Warrant Price by (y) the Fair Market Value. Solely for purposes of this subsection 7.4.1, “Fair Market Value” shall mean the average reported closing price of the Ordinary Shares as reported during the ten (10) trading day period ending on the third (3rd) trading day prior to the date that notice of exercise is received by the Warrant Agent from the holder of such Warrants or its securities broker or intermediary. The date that notice of “cashless exercise” is received by the Warrant Agent shall be conclusively determined by the Warrant Agent. In connection with the “cashless exercise” of a Warrant, the Company shall, upon request, provide the Warrant Agent with an opinion of counsel for the Company (which shall be an outside law firm with securities law experience) stating that (i) the exercise of the Warrants on a “cashless basis” in accordance with this subsection 7.4.1 is not required to be registered under the Securities Act and (ii) the Ordinary Shares issued upon such exercise shall be freely tradable under United States federal securities laws by anyone who is not an affiliate (as such term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act (or any successor rule)) of the Company and, accordingly, shall not be required to bear a restrictive legend. Except as provided in subsection 7.4.2, for the avoidance of any doubt, unless and until all of the Warrants have been exercised or have expired, the Company shall continue to be obligated to comply with its registration obligations under the first three sentences of this subsection 7.4.1. The Company shall calculate and transmit to the Warrant Agent, and the Warrant Agent shall have no obligation under this Agreement to calculate, the number of Ordinary Shares of Common Stock to be issued on such exercise. The Warrant Agent shall have no duty or obligation to investigate or confirm whether the Company’s determination of the number of Ordinary Shares to be issued on such exercise, pursuant to this Section 7.4, is accurate or correct. |
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| 7.4.2. | Cashless Exercise at Company’s Option. If the Ordinary Shares are at the time of any exercise of a Warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that they satisfy the definition of “covered securities” under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act (or any successor rule), the Company may, at its option, require holders of Warrants who exercise their Warrants to exercise such Warrants on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act (or any successor rule) as described in subsection 7.4.1 and (i) in the event the Company so elects, the Company shall not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary or (ii) if the Company does not so file or maintain such registration statement, the Company agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify for sale the Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants under the applicable blue sky laws of the state of residence of the exercising Warrant holder to the extent an exemption is not available. |
| 7.5. | Opinion of Counsel. The Company shall provide an opinion of counsel prior to the First Merger Effective Time to set up a reserve of Warrants and related Ordinary Shares. The opinion shall state that all Warrants or Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, as applicable: (i) were offered, sold or issued as part of an offering that was registered in compliance with the Securities or pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act; (ii) were issued in compliance with all applicable state securities or “blue sky” laws; and (iii) are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. |
8. Concerning the Warrant Agent and Other Matters.
| 8.1. | Payment of Taxes. The Company shall from time to time promptly pay all taxes and charges that may be imposed upon the Company or the Warrant Agent in respect of the issuance or delivery of Ordinary Shares upon the exercise of the Warrants, but the Company shall not be obligated to pay any transfer taxes in respect of the Warrants or such Ordinary Shares. |
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| 8.2. | Resignation, Consolidation, or Merger of Warrant Agent. |
| 8.2.1. | Appointment of Successor Warrant Agent. The Warrant Agent, or any successor to it hereafter appointed, may resign its duties and be discharged from all further duties and liabilities hereunder after giving thirty (30) days’ notice in writing to the Company. If for any reason the transfer agency relationship in effect between the Company and the Warrant Agent or its affiliates terminates, the Warrant Agent will be deemed to have resigned automatically and be discharged from its duties under this Agreement. If the office of the Warrant Agent becomes vacant by resignation or incapacity to act or otherwise, the Company shall appoint in writing a successor Warrant Agent in place of the Warrant Agent. If the Company shall fail to make such appointment within a period of thirty (30) days after it has been notified in writing of such resignation or incapacity by the Warrant Agent or by the holder of a Warrant (who shall, with such notice, submit his, her or its Warrant for inspection by the Company), then the holder of any Warrant may apply to any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Warrant Agent at the Company’s cost. Any successor Warrant Agent, whether appointed by the Company or by such court, shall be a corporation or other entity formed under the laws of the United States or of any state thereof and authorized under such laws to conduct a shareholder services business, and authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority. After appointment, any successor Warrant Agent shall be vested with all the authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations of its predecessor Warrant Agent with like effect as if originally named as Warrant Agent hereunder, without any further act or deed; but if for any reason it becomes necessary or appropriate, the predecessor Warrant Agent shall execute and deliver, at the expense of the Company, an instrument transferring to such successor Warrant Agent all the authority, powers, and rights of such predecessor Warrant Agent hereunder; and upon request of any successor Warrant Agent the Company shall make, execute, acknowledge, and deliver any and all instruments in writing for more fully and effectually vesting in and confirming to such successor Warrant Agent all such authority, powers, rights, immunities, duties, and obligations; provided that, such predecessor Warrant Agent shall not be required to make any additional expenditure (without prompt reimbursement by the Company) or assume any additional liability in connection with the foregoing. |
| 8.2.2. | Notice of Successor Warrant Agent. In the event a successor Warrant Agent shall be appointed, the Company shall give notice thereof to the predecessor Warrant Agent and the Transfer Agent for the Ordinary Shares not later than the effective date of any such appointment. |
| 8.2.3. | Merger or Consolidation of Warrant Agent. Any entity into which the Warrant Agent may be merged or with which it may be consolidated or any entity resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Warrant Agent shall be a party shall be the successor Warrant Agent under this Agreement without any further act. |
| 8.3. | Fees and Expenses of Warrant Agent. |
| 8.3.1. | Remuneration. The Company agrees to pay the Warrant Agent reasonable remuneration (as shall be agreed upon in writing by the Company and the Warrant Agent) for its services as such Warrant Agent hereunder and will reimburse the Warrant Agent upon demand for all of its reasonable and documented expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and expenses) incurred in connection with the preparation, delivery, negotiation, amendment, administration and execution of this Agreement and the exercise and performance of its duties hereunder. |
| 8.3.2. | Further Assurances. The Company agrees to perform, execute, acknowledge, and deliver or cause to be performed, executed, acknowledged, and delivered all such further and other acts, instruments, and assurances as may reasonably be required by the Warrant Agent for the carrying out or performing of the provisions of this Agreement. |
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| 8.4. | Liability of Warrant Agent. |
| 8.4.1. | Reliance on Company Statement. Whenever in the performance of its duties under this Agreement, the Warrant Agent shall deem it necessary or desirable that any fact or matter be proved or established by the Company prior to taking, suffering, or omitting to take any action hereunder, such fact or matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a statement signed by a person reasonably believed by the Warrant Agent to be the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, President, Executive Vice President, Vice President, Secretary or Chairman of the Board of the Company and delivered to the Warrant Agent; and such certificate shall be full authorization and protection to the Warrant Agent and the Warrant Agent and its agents shall be indemnified and shall incur no liability for or in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in the absence of bad faith under the provisions of this Agreement in reliance upon such certificate. The Warrant Agent shall not be held to have notice of any change of authority of any authorized officer, until receipt of written notice thereof (email being sufficient) from Company. |
| 8.4.2. | Indemnity. The Company also covenants and agrees to indemnify the Warrant Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any and all loss, liability, damage, judgment, fine, penalty, claim, demand, settlement, reasonable and documented out-of-pocket third party cost or expense (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and expenses of outside legal counsel) (“Losses”) that may be paid, incurred or suffered by it, or which it may become subject, other than such Losses arising in connection with the gross negligence, fraud, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the Warrant Agent (which gross negligence, fraud, bad faith, or willful misconduct must be determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction), for any action taken, suffered, or omitted to be taken by the Warrant Agent in connection with the execution, acceptance, administration, exercise and performance of its duties under this Agreement, including the costs and expenses of defending against any claim of liability arising therefrom, directly or indirectly, or enforcing its rights hereunder. The Warrant Agent shall be liable hereunder only for its own gross negligence, fraud, bad faith or willful misconduct (which gross negligence, fraud, bad faith or willful misconduct must be determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction). Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Warrant Agent’s aggregate liability under this Agreement, whether in contract, or in tort, or otherwise, will be limited to the amount of annual fees paid by the Company to the Warrant Agent during the twelve (12) months immediately preceding the event for which recovery from the Warrant Agent is being sought; provided that, such liability cap shall not apply in the case of the Warrant Agent’s own fraud (which fraud must be determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction). Anything to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event will the Warrant Agent be liable for special, punitive, indirect, incidental or consequential loss or damages of any kind whatsoever (including, without limitation, lost profits), even if the Warrant Agent has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damages, and regardless of the form of action. The provisions under Section 8.4 shall survive the termination of this Agreement, the resignation, replacement or removal of the Warrant Agent and the exercise, termination and expiration of the Warrants. |
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| 8.4.3. | Exclusions. The Warrant Agent shall have no responsibility with respect to the validity of this Agreement or with respect to the validity or execution of any Warrant (except its countersignature thereof). The Warrant Agent shall not be responsible for any breach by the Company of any covenant or condition contained in this Agreement or in any Warrant. The Warrant Agent shall not be responsible to make any adjustments required under the provisions of Section 4 hereof or responsible for the manner, method, or amount of any such adjustment or the ascertaining of the existence of facts that would require any such adjustment; nor shall it by any act hereunder be deemed to make any representation or warranty as to the authorization or reservation of any Ordinary Shares to be issued pursuant to this Agreement or any Warrant or as to whether any Ordinary Shares shall, when issued, be valid and fully paid and non-assessable. |
| 8.5. | Acceptance of Agency. The Warrant Agent hereby accepts the agency established by this Agreement and agrees to perform the same upon the express terms and conditions (and no implied terms and conditions) herein set forth and among other things shall account for, and pay to the Company, all monies received by the Warrant Agent for the purchase of Ordinary Shares through the exercise of the Warrants. The Warrant Agent shall act hereunder solely as agent for the Company. The Warrant Agent shall not assume any obligations or relationship of agency or trust with any of the owners or holders of the Warrants or Ordinary Shares. The Warrant Agent shall not have any duty or responsibility in the case of the receipt of any written demand from any holder of Warrants or Ordinary Shares with respect to any action or default by the Company, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any duty or responsibility to initiate or attempt to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise or to make any demand upon the Company. The Warrant Agent shall have no responsibility to the Company, any holders of Warrants, any holders of Ordinary Shares or any other Person for interest or earnings on any moneys held by the Warrant Agent pursuant to this Agreement. |
| 8.6. | Legal Counsel. The Warrant Agent may consult with legal counsel selected by it (who may be legal counsel for the Company), and the opinion or advice of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection to the Warrant Agent as to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in accordance with such advice or opinion in the absence of Warrant Agent’s bad faith, fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct (each as must be determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction). |
| 8.7. | Reliance on Agreement and Warrants. The Warrant Agent shall not be liable for or by reason of any of the statements of fact or recitals contained in this Agreement or in the Warrants (except as to its countersignature thereof) or be required to verify the same, but all such statements and recitals are and shall be deemed to have been made by the Company only. |
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| 8.8. | Freedom to Trade in Company Securities. Subject to applicable laws, the Warrant Agent and any stockholder, director, officer or employee of the Warrant Agent may buy, sell or deal in any of the Warrant or other securities of the Company or become pecuniarily interested in any transaction in which the Company may be interested, or contract with or lend money to the Company or otherwise act as fully and freely as though it were not Warrant Agent under this Agreement. Nothing herein shall preclude the Warrant Agent or any such stockholder, director, officer or employee of the Warrant Agent from acting in any other capacity for the Company or for any other legal entity. |
| 8.9. | Reliance on Attorneys and Agents. The Warrant Agent may execute and exercise any of the rights or powers hereby vested in it or perform any duty hereunder either itself or by or through its attorneys or agents, and the Warrant Agent shall not be answerable or accountable for any act, omission, default, neglect or misconduct of any such attorneys or agents or for any loss to the Company resulting from any such act, omission, default, neglect or misconduct, absent gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or bad faith in the selection and continued employment thereof (which gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or bad faith must be determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction). |
| 8.10. | No Risk of Own Funds. No provision of this Agreement shall require the Warrant Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise any of its rights or powers if it shall reasonably believe in the absence of bad faith that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnification against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. |
| 8.11. | No Notice. The Warrant Agent shall not be required to take notice or be deemed to have notice of any event or condition hereunder, including any event or condition that may require action by the Warrant Agent, unless the Warrant Agent shall be specifically notified in writing of such event or condition by the Company, and all notices or other instruments required by this Agreement to be delivered to the Warrant Agent must, in order to be effective, be received by the Warrant Agent as specified in Section 9.2 hereof, and in the absence of such notice so delivered, the Warrant Agent may conclusively assume no such event or condition exists. |
| 8.12. | Ambiguity. In the event the Warrant Agent believes any ambiguity or uncertainty exists hereunder or in any notice, instruction, direction, request or other communication, paper or document received by the Warrant Agent hereunder, the Warrant Agent, may, in its sole discretion, refrain from taking any action, and shall be fully protected and shall not be liable in any way to Company, the holder of any Warrant or any other person for refraining from taking such action, unless the Warrant Agent receives written instructions signed by the Company which eliminates such ambiguity or uncertainty to the satisfaction of Warrant Agent. |
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| 8.13. | Non-Registration. The Warrant Agent shall not be liable or responsible for any failure of the Company to comply with any of its obligations relating to any registration statement filed with the Commission or this Agreement, including without limitation obligations under applicable regulation or law. |
| 8.14. | Signature Guarantee. The Warrant Agent may rely on and be fully authorized and protected in acting or failing to act upon (1) any guaranty of signature by an “eligible guarantor institution” that is a member or participant in the Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program or other comparable “signature guarantee program” or insurance program in addition to, or in substitution for, the foregoing; or (2) any related law, act, regulation or any interpretation of the same. |
| 8.15. | Authorized Officers. The Warrant Agent shall be fully authorized and protected in relying upon written instructions received from any authorized officer of the Company and shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by, the Warrant Agent in accordance with such advice or instructions. |
| 8.16. | Bank Accounts. All funds received by Computershare Inc. under this Agreement that are to be distributed or applied by the Warrant Agent in the performance of services hereunder (the “Funds”) shall be held by Computershare Inc. as agent for the Company and deposited in one or more bank accounts to be maintained by Computershare Inc. in its name as agent for the Company. Until paid pursuant to this Agreement, Computershare Inc. may hold or invest the Funds through such accounts in: (a) funds backed by obligations of, or guaranteed by, the United States of America; (b) debt or commercial paper obligations rated A-1 or P-1 or better by S&P Global Inc. (“S&P”) or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), respectively; (c) Government and Treasury backed AAA-rated Fixed NAV money market funds that comply with Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended; or (d) short term certificates of deposit, bank repurchase agreements, and bank accounts with commercial banks with Tier 1 capital exceeding $1 billion, or with an investment grade rating by S&P (LT Local Issuer Credit Rating), Moody’s (Long Term Rating) and Fitch Ratings, Inc. (LT Issuer Default Rating) (each as reported by Bloomberg Finance L.P.). The Warrant Agent shall have no responsibility or liability for any diminution of the Funds that may result from any deposit made by Computershare Inc. in accordance with this paragraph, including any losses resulting from a default by any bank, financial institution or other third party. Computershare Inc. may from time to time receive interest, dividends or other earnings in connection with such deposits. The Warrant Agent shall not be obligated to pay such interest, dividends or earnings to the Company, any holder or any other party. Computershare Inc. shall forward funds received for warrant exercises in a given month by the 5th Business Day of the following month by wire transfer to an account designated by the Company. |
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| 8.17. | Force Majeure. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, neither the Warrant Agent nor the Company shall be liable for any delays or failures in performance resulting from acts beyond its reasonable control including, without limitation, acts of God, epidemic, pandemic, terrorist acts, shortage of supply, breakdowns or malfunctions, interruptions or malfunction of computer facilities, or loss of data due to power failures or mechanical difficulties with information storage or retrieval systems, labor difficulties, war, or civil unrest. |
| 8.18. | Confidentiality. The Warrant Agent and the Company agree that all books, records, information and data pertaining to the business of the other party, including inter alia, personal, non-public warrant holder information, which are exchanged or received pursuant to the negotiation or the carrying out of this Agreement including the fees for services hereunder shall remain confidential, and shall not be disclosed to any other person, until the second anniversary of the earlier of the termination of this Agreement and the resignation, replacement or removal of the Warrant Agent, except as may be required by law, including, without limitation, pursuant to subpoenas from state or federal government authorities (e.g., in divorce and criminal actions). |
9. Miscellaneous Provisions.
| 9.1. | Successors. All the covenants and provisions of this Agreement by or for the benefit of the Company or the Warrant Agent shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns. |
| 9.2. | Notices. Any notice, statement or demand authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the Warrant Agent or by the holder of any Warrant to or on the Company shall be sufficiently given when so delivered if by hand or overnight delivery or when deposited if sent by certified mail or private courier, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Company with the Warrant Agent), as follows: |
|
newcleo PLC London, W1K 2QH United Kingdom |
| Attention: | Khalil Bukhari |
| Email: | khalil.bukhari@newcleo.com |
| with copies (which shall not constitute actual or constructive notice) to: |
|
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP |
| Attention: | Michael Senders; Yasin Keshvargar |
| Email: | michael.senders@davispolk.com; yasin.keshvargar@davispolk.com |
Any notice, statement or demand authorized by this Agreement to be given or made by the holder of any Warrant or by the Company to or on the Warrant Agent shall be sufficiently given when so delivered if by hand or overnight delivery or when deposited if sent by certified mail or private courier service, postage prepaid, addressed (until another address is filed in writing by the Warrant Agent with the Company), as follows:
Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
Computershare Inc.
150 Royall Street
Canton, MA 02021
Attn: Client Services
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| 9.3. | Applicable Law and Exclusive Forum. The validity, interpretation, and performance of this Agreement and of the Warrants shall be governed in all respects by the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any provision of law or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York. The Company hereby agrees that any action, proceeding or claim against it arising out of or relating in any way to this Agreement shall be brought and enforced in the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and irrevocably submits to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be the exclusive forum for any such action, proceeding or claim. The Company hereby waives any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this paragraph will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal district courts of the United States of America are the sole and exclusive forum. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in the Warrants shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the forum provisions in this Section 9.3. If any action, the subject matter of which is within the scope the forum provisions above, is filed in a court other than a court located within the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (a “foreign action”) in the name of any warrant holder, such warrant holder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the forum provisions (an “enforcement action”), and (y) having service of process made upon such warrant holder in any such enforcement action by service upon such warrant holder’s counsel in the foreign action as agent for such warrant holder. |
| 9.4. | Persons Having Rights under this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to confer upon, or give to, any person, corporation or other entity other than the parties hereto and the Registered Holders of the Warrants any right, remedy, or claim under or by reason of this Agreement or of any covenant, condition, stipulation, promise, or agreement hereof. All covenants, conditions, stipulations, promises, and agreements contained in this Agreement shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the parties hereto and their successors and assigns and of the Registered Holders of the Warrants. |
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| 9.5. | Examination of the Warrant Agreement. A copy of this Agreement shall be available at all reasonable times at the office of the Warrant Agent, for inspection by the Registered Holder of any Warrant. The Warrant Agent may require any such holder to submit such holder’s Warrant for inspection by the Warrant Agent. |
| 9.6. | Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of original, facsimile or other electronic counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. A signature to this Agreement transmitted electronically shall have the same authority, effect, and enforceability as an original signature. |
| 9.7. | Effect of Headings. The section headings herein are for convenience only and are not part of this Agreement and shall not affect the interpretation thereof. |
| 9.8. | Amendments. This Agreement may be amended by the Company and the Warrant Agent without the consent of any Registered Holder (i) for the purpose of (x) curing any ambiguity or to correct any defective provision contained herein, including to conform the provisions hereof to the description of the terms of the Warrants and this Agreement set forth in the Prospectus, (y) adjusting the definition of “Ordinary Cash Dividend” as contemplated by and in accordance with the second sentence of subsection 4.1.2 or (z) adding or changing any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Agreement as the parties may deem necessary or desirable and that the Company deems shall not adversely affect the interest of the Registered Holders, and (ii) to provide for the delivery of an Alternative Issuance pursuant to Section 4.4. All other modifications or amendments, including any modification or amendment to increase the Warrant Price or shorten the Exercise Period shall require the vote or written consent of the Registered Holders of 50% of the number of the then outstanding Warrants. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may lower the Warrant Price or extend the duration of the Exercise Period pursuant to Sections 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, without the consent of the Registered Holders. As a condition precedent to the Warrant Agent’s execution of any amendment, the Company shall deliver to the Warrant Agent a certificate from a duly authorized officer of the Company that states that the proposed amendment is in compliance with the terms of this Section 9.8. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, the Warrant Agent may, but is not obligated to, execute any amendment, supplement or waiver that affects the Warrant Agent’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Agreement. No supplement or amendment to this Agreement shall be effective unless duly executed by the Warrant Agent and the Company. |
26
| 9.9. | Severability. This Agreement shall be deemed severable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or of any other term or provision hereof. Furthermore, in lieu of any such invalid or unenforceable term or provision, the parties hereto intend that there shall be added as a part of this Agreement a provision as similar in terms to such invalid or unenforceable provision as may be possible and be valid and enforceable; provided, however, that if such prohibited and invalid provision shall adversely affect the rights, immunities, liabilities, duties or obligations of the Warrant Agent, the Warrant Agent shall be entitled to resign upon ten (10) Business Days’ prior written notice to the Company. |
| 9.10. | Entire Agreement. This Agreement, together with the Warrants, contains the entire agreement and understanding among the Company, NewHold and Prior Warrant Agent, on the one hand, and the Warrant Agent, on the other, with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, understandings, inducements and conditions, express or implied, oral or written, of any nature whatsoever with respect to the subject matter hereof; provided, that the foregoing is not intended to amend or supersede the BCA as between the Company and NewHold and the other parties to the BCA. As between the Company and NewHold, in the event of any inconsistency between this Agreement or any provisions in the Warrant and the BCA, the BCA shall control. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the express terms of this Agreement control and supersede any provision in the Warrants and the BCA concerning the rights, duties, obligations, protections, immunities and liability of the Warrant Agent. The Company shall not amend any provisions of the Warrants without the prior consent of the Warrant Agent, not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed. |
[Signature Page Follows]
27
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written.
| NEWCLEO PLC | |
| By: | /s/ Stefano Buono |
| Name: Stefano Buono | |
| Title: Chief Executive Officer | |
| COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A COMPUTERSHARE, INC., as Warrant Agent | |
| By: | /s/ Collin Ekeogu |
| Name: Collin Ekeogu | |
| Title: Director, Corporate Actions | |
| NEWHOLD INVESTMENT CORP III | |
| By: | /s/ Kevin Charlton |
| Name: Kevin Charlton | |
| Title: Chief Executive Officer | |
| CONTINENTAL STOCK TRANSFER & TRUST COMPANY, as Prior Warrant Agent, solely for the purposes of Section 1 | |
| By: | /s/ Henry Foirell |
| Name: Henry Foirell | |
| Title: Vice President | |
[Signature Page to Warrant Termination, Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement]
EXHIBIT A
[Form of Warrant Certificate]
[FACE]
Number
Warrants
THIS WARRANT
SHALL BE VOID IF NOT EXERCISED PRIOR TO
THE EXPIRATION OF THE EXERCISE PERIOD PROVIDED FOR IN THE
WARRANT AGREEMENT DESCRIBED BELOW
NEWCLEO PLC
Organized under the laws of the United Kingdom
CUSIP [_____]
Warrant Certificate
This Warrant Certificate certifies that [_____], or registered assigns, is the registered holder of warrants evidenced hereby (the “Warrants” and each, a “Warrant”) to purchase ordinary shares (the “Ordinary Shares”), of newcleo PLC (the “Company”). Each whole Warrant entitles the holder, upon exercise during the period set forth in the Warrant Termination, Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement dated as of September 21, 2026 (the “Warrant Agreement”), to receive from the Company that number of fully paid and non-assessable Ordinary Shares as set forth below, at the exercise price (the “Warrant Price”) as determined pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, payable in lawful money (or through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement) of the United States of America upon surrender of this Warrant Certificate and payment of the Warrant Price at the office or agency of the Warrant Agent referred to below, subject to the conditions set forth herein and in the Warrant Agreement. Defined terms used in this Warrant Certificate but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Warrant Agreement.
Each whole Warrant is initially exercisable for one fully paid and non-assessable Ordinary Share. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of any Warrant. If, upon the exercise of Warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in an Ordinary Share, the Company will, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number the number of Ordinary Shares to be issued to the Warrant holder. The number of Ordinary Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events set forth in the Warrant Agreement.
The initial Warrant Price per Ordinary Share for any Warrant is equal to $11.50 per share. The Warrant Price is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events set forth in the Warrant Agreement.
A-1
Subject to the conditions set forth in the Warrant Agreement, the Warrants may be exercised only during the Exercise Period and to the extent not exercised by the end of such Exercise Period, such Warrants shall become void. The Warrants may be redeemed, subject to certain conditions, as set forth in the Warrant Agreement. In addition, and notwithstanding anything else in this Warrant Certificate or the Warrant Agreement, to the extent that the holder of a Warrant has delivered a notice contemplated by subsection 3.5.5 of the Warrant Agreement, neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall issue to holder, and holder may not acquire, any right it might have to acquire, a number of Ordinary Shares upon exercise of any Warrant to the extent that, upon such exercise, the number of Ordinary Shares then beneficially owned by holder would exceed the Maximum Percentage of Ordinary Shares outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise as determined in accordance with subsection 3.3.5. of the Warrant Agreement.
Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Warrant Certificate set forth on the reverse hereof and such further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as though fully set forth at this place.
This Warrant Certificate shall not be valid unless countersigned by the Warrant Agent, as such term is used in the Warrant Agreement.
This Warrant Certificate shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any provision of law or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York.
| NEWCLEO PLC | |
| By: | |
| Name: | |
| Title: | |
| COMPUTERSHARE TRUST COMPANY, N.A COMPUTERSHARE, INC., as Warrant Agent | |
| By: | |
| Name: | |
| Title: | |
A-2
[Form of Warrant Certificate]
[Reverse]
The Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate are part of a duly authorized issue of Warrants entitling the holder on exercise to receive Ordinary Shares and are issued or to be issued pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, duly executed and delivered by (among others) the Company to Computershare Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Computershare Inc.”), and its affiliate Computershare Trust Company, N.A., a federally chartered trust company (“Trust Company” and together with Computershare Inc., in such capacity, the “Warrant Agent”), which Warrant Agreement is hereby incorporated by reference in and made a part of this instrument and is hereby referred to for a description of the rights, limitation of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Warrant Agent, the Company and the holders (the words “holders” or “holder” meaning the Registered Holders or Registered Holder, respectively) of the Warrants. A copy of the Warrant Agreement may be obtained by the holder hereof upon written request to the Company. Defined terms used in this Warrant Certificate but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to them in the Warrant Agreement.
Warrants may be exercised at any time during the Exercise Period set forth in the Warrant Agreement. The holder of Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate may exercise them by surrendering this Warrant Certificate, with the form of election to purchase set forth hereon properly completed and executed, together with payment of the Warrant Price as specified in the Warrant Agreement (or through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement) at the principal corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent. In the event that upon any exercise of Warrants evidenced hereby the number of Warrants exercised shall be less than the total number of Warrants evidenced hereby, there shall be issued to the holder hereof or his, her or its assignee, a new Warrant Certificate evidencing the number of Warrants not exercised.
Notwithstanding anything else in this Warrant Certificate or the Warrant Agreement, no Warrant may be exercised unless at the time of exercise (i) a registration statement covering the Ordinary Shares to be issued upon exercise is effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and (ii) a prospectus thereunder relating to the Ordinary Shares is current, except through “cashless exercise” as provided for in the Warrant Agreement.
The Warrant Agreement provides that upon the occurrence of certain events the number of Ordinary Shares issuable upon the exercise of the Warrants set forth on the face hereof may, subject to certain conditions, be adjusted. If, upon exercise of a Warrant, the holder thereof would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in an Ordinary Share, the Company shall, upon exercise, round down to the nearest whole number of Ordinary Shares to be issued to the holder of the Warrant.
Warrant Certificates, when surrendered at the principal corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent by the Registered Holder thereof in person or by legal representative or attorney duly authorized in writing, may be exchanged, in the manner and subject to the limitations provided in the Warrant Agreement, but without payment of any service charge, for another Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates of like tenor evidencing in the aggregate a like number of Warrants.
A-3
Upon due presentation for registration of transfer of this Warrant Certificate at the office of the Warrant Agent, a new Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates of like tenor and evidencing in the aggregate a like number of Warrants shall be issued to the transferee(s) in exchange for this Warrant Certificate, subject to the limitations provided in the Warrant Agreement, without charge except for any tax or other governmental charge imposed in connection therewith.
The Company and the Warrant Agent may deem and treat the Registered Holder(s) hereof as the absolute owner(s) of this Warrant Certificate (notwithstanding any notation of ownership or other writing hereon made by anyone), for the purpose of any exercise hereof, of any distribution to the holder(s) hereof, and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. Neither the Warrants nor this Warrant Certificate entitles any holder hereof to any rights of a shareholder of the Company.
A-4
Election to Purchase
(To Be Executed Upon Exercise of Warrant)
The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the right, represented by this Warrant Certificate, to receive Ordinary Shares and herewith tenders payment for such Ordinary Shares to the order of newcleo PLC (the “Company”) in the amount of $_____ in accordance with the terms hereof. The undersigned requests that a certificate for such Ordinary Shares be registered in the name of , whose address is , and that such Ordinary Shares be delivered to , whose address is . If said number of Ordinary Shares is less than all of the Ordinary Shares purchasable hereunder, the undersigned requests that a new Warrant Certificate representing the remaining balance of such Ordinary Shares be registered in the name of , ______ whose address is _______and that such Warrant Certificate be delivered to ______ , whose address is ________.
In the event that the Warrant has been called for redemption by the Company pursuant to Section 6.1 of the Warrant Agreement and the Company has required “cashless” exercise pursuant to Section 6.3 and Section 3.3.1(b) of the Warrant Agreement, the number of Ordinary Shares that this Warrant is exercisable for shall be determined in accordance with Section 6.3 and Section 3.3.1(b) of the Warrant Agreement.
In the event that the Warrant is to be exercised on a “cashless” basis pursuant to Section 7.4 of the Warrant Agreement, the number of Ordinary Shares that this Warrant is exercisable for shall be determined in accordance with Section 7.4 of the Warrant Agreement.
In the event that the Warrant may be exercised, to the extent allowed by the Warrant Agreement, through cashless exercise (i) the number of Ordinary Shares that this Warrant is exercisable for would be determined in accordance with the relevant section of the Warrant Agreement which allows for such cashless exercise and (ii) the holder hereof shall complete the following: The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the right, represented by this Warrant Certificate, through the cashless exercise provisions of the Warrant Agreement, to receive Ordinary Shares. If said number of Ordinary Shares is less than all of the Ordinary Shares purchasable hereunder (after giving effect to the cashless exercise), the undersigned requests that a new Warrant Certificate representing the remaining balance of such Ordinary Shares be registered in the name of , whose address is and that such Warrant Certificate be delivered to , whose address is.
To be included in any Election to Purchase of a holder who has provided the notice set forth in subsection 3.3.5 of the Warrant Agreement.
By signing this Election to Purchase, the undersigned hereby certifies that upon after giving effect to such exercise, the undersigned (together with such person’s affiliates) or any “group” of which holder or its affiliates is a member, would not beneficially own in excess of the Maximum Percentage of the Ordinary Shares outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise as determined in accordance with subsection 3.3.5. of the Warrant Agreement.
A-5
[Signature Page Follows]
A-6
| Date: | |
| (Signature) | |
| Address | |
| (Tax Identification Number) |
Signature Guaranteed:
THE SIGNATURE(S) SHOULD BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANKS, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM, PURSUANT TO SEC RULE 17Ad-15 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED (OR ANY SUCCESSOR RULE)).
A-7
Exhibit 99.3
AMENDED AND RESTATED REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
by and among
NEWCLEO PLC
newHold Investment Corp III,
NewHold Industrial Technology III LLC,
and
THE HOLDERS THAT ARE SIGNATORIES HERETO
Dated as of September 21, 2026
Table of Contents
Page
| Section 1. | Certain Definitions | 2 |
| Section 2. | Registration Rights. | 6 |
| 2.1. | Demand Registrations. | 6 |
| 2.2. | Piggyback Registrations. | 11 |
| 2.3. | Allocation of Securities Included in Registration Statement. | 12 |
| 2.4. | Registration Procedures | 14 |
| 2.5. | Registration Expenses. | 21 |
| 2.6. | Certain Limitations on Registration Rights | 22 |
| 2.7. | Limitations on Sale or Distribution of Other Securities | 22 |
| 2.8. | No Required Sale | 22 |
| 2.9. | Indemnification. | 23 |
| 2.10. | No Inconsistent Agreements | 27 |
| Section 3. | Underwritten Offerings. | 27 |
| 3.1. | Requested Underwritten Offerings | 27 |
| 3.2. | Piggyback Underwritten Offerings | 27 |
| Section 4. | General. | 28 |
| 4.1. | Adjustments Affecting Registrable Securities | 28 |
| 4.2. | Rule 144 | 28 |
| 4.3. | Nominees for Beneficial Owners | 28 |
| 4.4. | Amendments and Waivers | 28 |
| 4.5. | Notices | 29 |
| 4.6. | Successors and Assigns | 29 |
| 4.7. | Termination. | 30 |
| 4.8. | Entire Agreement | 30 |
| 4.9. | Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial. | 31 |
| 4.10. | Interpretation; Construction. | 31 |
| 4.11. | Counterparts | 31 |
| 4.12. | Severability | 31 |
| 4.13. | Specific Enforcement | 32 |
| 4.14. | Further Assurances | 32 |
| 4.15. | Confidentiality | 32 |
| 4.16. | Opt-Out Requests | 32 |
| 4.17. | Original Registration Rights Agreement | 33 |
| Exhibit A | Joinder Agreement |
-i-
AMENDED AND RESTATED REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT, dated as of September 21, 2026 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, this “Agreement”), is made and entered into by and among (i) newcleo plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (f/k/a newcleo Ltd., a private limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales) (the “Company”), (ii) NewHold Investment Corp III, a Cayman Islands exempted company (the “SPAC”), (iii) NewHold Industrial Technology III LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Sponsor”), (iv) each of the undersigned holders listed on the signature pages hereto under the heading “Other Holders” (such persons, the “Other Holders” and together with the Sponsor and their respective Permitted Transferees holding Registrable Securities, and any person or entity who hereafter becomes a party to this Agreement pursuant to Section 4.6 of this Agreement, each a “Holder” and collectively the “Holders”). Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings set forth in the BCA (as defined below).
RECITALS:
WHEREAS, on February 27, 2025 the SPAC, the Sponsor, BTIG, LLC and certain holders party thereto entered into that certain Registration Rights Agreement (the “Original Registration Rights Agreement”);
WHEREAS, on May 26, 2026, the Company, the SPAC, newcleo1 Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company limited by shares and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub 1”), newcleo2 Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company limited by shares and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub 2”), entered into a Business Combination Agreement (as amended from time to time on or prior to the date hereof, the “BCA”),
WHEREAS, pursuant to the BCA and subject to the terms and conditions thereof, among other things, upon consummation of the transactions contemplated by the BCA: (i) at the First Merger Effective Time (as defined in the BCA), Merger Sub 1 will merge with and into SPAC, and the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub 1 will cease and SPAC will be the surviving corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, (ii) at the Second Merger Effective Time (as defined in the BCA), SPAC will merge with and into Merger Sub 2, and the separate corporate existence of SPAC will cease and Merger Sub 2 will be the surviving company and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (clauses (i) and (ii), the “Mergers”), and (iii) the Company will become a publicly traded company;
WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 5.5 of the Original Registration Rights Agreement, the provisions, covenants, and conditions set forth therein may be amended or modified upon the written consent of SPAC and the holders of at least a majority in interest of the Registrable Securities (as defined in the Original Registration Rights Agreement) at the time in question, and the Sponsor is holder of at least a majority in interest of the Registrable Securities as of the date hereof; and
WHEREAS, SPAC and the Sponsor desire to amend and restate the Original Registration Rights Agreement in its entirety and enter into this Agreement, pursuant to which the Company shall grant the Holders certain registration rights with respect to certain securities of the Company held by the Holders as set forth in this Agreement and terminate the Original Registration Rights Agreement, and the Original Registration Rights Agreement shall be terminated and superseded in its entirety by this Agreement, with no residual rights surviving thereunder except as expressly set forth in Section 4.17.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the representations, covenants and agreements contained herein, and certain other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
Section 1. Certain Definitions. As used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
“Additional Piggyback Rights” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.3(a).
“Affiliate” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with, such Person. For the purposes of this definition “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling”, “controlled by” and “under common control with”), with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such specified Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise. For the avoidance of doubt, neither the Company nor any Person controlled by the Company shall be deemed to be an Affiliate of any Holder.
“Agreement” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Preamble.
“Automatic Shelf Registration Statement” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.4.
“BCA” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Recitals.
“Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.
“Business Day” means a day, other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to close.
“Claims” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.9(a).
“Company” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Preamble.
“Company Shareholder Support Agreement” shall mean that certain support agreement, dated as of May 26, 2026, by and among the SPAC, certain shareholders of the Company party thereto and the Company.
“Confidential Information” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.14.
“Demand Exercise Notice” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(b)(i).
“Demand Registration” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(b)(i).
2
“Demand Registration Period” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(b)(i).
“Demand Registration Request” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(b)(i).
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC issued under such Act, as they may from time to time be in effect.
“Expenses” means any and all fees and expenses incident to the Company’s performance of or compliance with Section 2, regardless of whether or not such registration is effected, or withdrawn, including: (i) SEC, stock exchange, FINRA and all other registration and filing fees and all listing fees and fees with respect to the inclusion of securities on the Nasdaq or on any other U.S. or non-U.S. securities market on which the Registrable Securities are listed or quoted, (ii) fees and expenses of compliance with state securities or “blue sky” laws of any state or jurisdiction of the United States or compliance with the securities laws of foreign jurisdictions and in connection with the preparation of a “blue sky” survey, including reasonable fees and expenses of outside “blue sky” counsel and securities counsel in foreign jurisdictions, (iii) word processing, printing and copying expenses, (iv) messenger and delivery expenses, (v) expenses incurred in connection with any road show, (vi) fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, (vii) with respect to each registration or underwritten offering, the reasonable fees and disbursements of one counsel for all Participating Holders collectively (selected by the holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities held by such other Participating Holder(s)), together in each case with any local counsel, provided that expenses payable by the Company pursuant to this clause (vii) shall not exceed (1) $150,000 for the first registration pursuant to this Agreement and (2) $100,000 for each subsequent registration, (viii) fees and disbursements of all independent public accountants (including the expenses of any opinion and/or audit/review and/or “comfort” letter and updates thereof) and fees and expenses of other Persons, including special experts, retained by the Company, (ix) fees and expenses payable to a Qualified Independent Underwriter (but expressly excluding any underwriting discounts and commissions), (x) fees and expenses of any transfer agent or custodian, (xi) any other fees and disbursements of underwriters, if any, customarily paid by issuers or sellers of securities, including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel for the underwriters in connection with any filing with or review by FINRA (but expressly excluding any underwriting discounts and commissions) and (xii) rating agency fees and expenses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Expenses” shall not include (A) any internal costs or overhead of any Holder, (B) fees or expenses of any tax advisor retained by or for the benefit of any Holder, (C) fees or expenses relating to any transfer, pledge or hypothecation of Registrable Securities other than in connection with a registered offering hereunder, (D) any incremental costs directly caused by a Holder's failure to timely furnish accurate and complete information required by the Company or its counsel in connection with any registration or offering, or (E) any costs attributable to an offering that is withdrawn, delayed or abandoned at the election of the Initiating Holders for reasons other than a Company breach of this Agreement or the exercise by the Company of a valid blackout or postponement right under Section 2.1(c), in which case the Initiating Holders shall bear their own incremental costs and any documented underwriter breakage or aborted-deal costs attributable to such withdrawal.
“FINRA” means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
“Holders” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Preamble.
3
“Initiating Holders” means the Holders initiating a demand request.
“Joinder Agreement” means a writing in the form set forth in Exhibit A hereto whereby a new Holder of Registrable Securities becomes a party to, and agrees to be bound, to the same extent as its transferor, as applicable, by the terms of this Agreement.
“Majority Participating Holders” means Participating Holders holding more than 50% of the Registrable Securities proposed to be included in any offering of Registrable Securities by such Participating Holders pursuant to Section 2.1 or Section 2.2.
“Manager” means the lead managing underwriter of an underwritten offering.
“Merger Sub 1” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Recitals.
“Merger Sub 2” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Recitals.
“Mergers” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Recitals.
“Minimum Threshold” means $100.0 million, measured based on the aggregate market value of Registrable Securities requested to be sold by the Initiating Holders (and not based on the aggregate of all securities proposed to be included by all Participating Holders).
“Opt-Out Request” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.16.
“Ordinary Share Equivalents” means all options, warrants and other securities convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for (at any time or upon the occurrence of any event or contingency and without regard to any vesting or other conditions to which such securities may be subject), Ordinary Shares (including any note or debt security convertible into or exchangeable for Ordinary Shares).
“Ordinary Shares” means all ordinary shares of the Company, par value €0.01 per share, whether now existing or hereafter authorized, and any class of ordinary shares of the Company and any and all securities of any kind whatsoever which may be issued after the date hereof in respect of, or in exchange for, such ordinary shares of the Company pursuant to a merger, consolidation, stock split, stock dividend or recapitalization of the Company or otherwise.
“Participating Holders” means all Holders of Registrable Securities which are proposed to be included in any offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2.1 or Section 2.2.
“Permitted Transferees” shall mean (a) prior to the expiration of any applicable lock-up period, any person or entity to whom a Holder is permitted to transfer their Registrable Securities prior to the expiration of the applicable lock-up period pursuant to, as applicable, the Sponsor Support Agreement and/or the Company Shareholder Support Agreement or any other applicable agreement between such Holder, on the one hand, and the Company or SPAC, on the other hand, and (b) after the expiration of any applicable lock-up period, any person or entity to whom such Holder is permitted to transfer such Registrable Securities.
4
“Person” means any individual, firm, corporation, company, limited liability company, partnership, trust, joint stock company, business trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, governmental authority or other legal entity of any nature whatsoever.
“Piggyback Notice” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.2(a).
“Piggyback Shares” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.3(a)(ii).
“Postponement Period” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(c).
“the Company” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Preamble.
“Qualified Independent Underwriter” means a “qualified independent underwriter” within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121.
“Registrable Securities” means (a) any Ordinary Shares held by the Holders immediately following the closing of the Mergers (including those held as a result of, or issuable upon, the conversion or exercise of Ordinary Share Equivalents) or any other equity security (including warrants to purchase Ordinary Shares), whether now owned or acquired by the Holders at a later time (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any Company Earnout Shares (as defined the Business Combination Agreement)), (b) any Ordinary Shares or any other equity security (including warrants to purchase Ordinary Shares) issued or issuable, directly or indirectly, in exchange for or with respect to the Ordinary Shares or any other equity security (including warrants to purchase Ordinary Shares) referenced in clause (a) above by way of stock dividend, stock split or combination of shares or in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, share exchange, consolidation or other reorganization and (c) any securities issued in replacement of or exchange for any securities described in clause (a) or (b) above. For purposes of this Agreement, a Person will be deemed to be a holder of Registrable Securities when such Person has the right to acquire, directly or indirectly, such Registrable Securities (including upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any equity interests but disregarding any restrictions or limitations upon the exercise of such right), whether or not such acquisition has actually been effected, and such Person shall not be required to convert, exercise or exchange such equity interests (or otherwise acquire such Registrable Securities) to participate in any registered offering hereunder until the closing of such offering. As to any particular Registrable Securities, such securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when (A) a registration statement with respect to the sale of such securities shall have been declared effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been disposed of in accordance with such registration statement, (B) such securities shall have been disposed of in compliance with the requirements of Rule 144 (without limitation as to volume or manner of sale), (C) such securities are eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144 without volume or manner-of-sale limitations (regardless of whether such Holder has actually disposed of such securities), (D) such securities have been sold in a public offering of securities, or (E) such securities have ceased to be outstanding.
“Rule 144” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.2.
“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission or such other federal agency which at such time administers the Securities Act.
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“Section 2.3(a) Sale Number” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.3(a).
“Section 2.3(b) Sale Number” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.3(b).
“Section 2.3(c) Sale Number” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.3(c).
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC issued under such Act, as they may from time to time be in effect.
“Shelf Registrable Securities” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(a)(ii).
“Shelf Registration Statement” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(a)(i).
“Shelf Underwriting” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(a)(ii).
“Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(a)(ii).
“Shelf Underwriting Notice” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(a)(ii).
“Shelf Underwriting Request” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(a)(ii).
“Sponsor” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Preamble.
“Sponsor Holders” shall mean the Sponsor and its Permitted Transferees who hold Registrable Securities.
“Sponsor Support Agreement” shall mean that certain sponsor support agreement, dated as of May 26, 2026, by and among the Sponsor, SPAC, the directors and executive officers of SPAC party thereto and the Company.
“Subsidiary” means any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company on the date hereof and any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company organized or acquired after the date hereof.
“Underwritten Block Trade” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(a)(ii).
“Valid Business Reason” has the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 2.1(c).
“WKSI” means a “well-known seasoned issuer” (as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act).
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Section 2. Registration Rights.
2.1. Demand Registrations.
(a) (i) As soon as practicable but no later than thirty (30) calendar days following the closing of the Mergers (the “Filing Date”), the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC a shelf registration statement under Rule 415 of the Securities Act (such registration statement, a “Shelf Registration Statement”) covering the resale of all the Registrable Securities held by the Holders (in each case, determined as of two Business Days prior to such filing) on a delayed or continuous basis and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to have such Shelf Registration Statement declared effective as soon as practicable after the filing thereof and no later than the earlier of (x) the ninetieth (90th) calendar day following the Filing Date if the SEC notifies the Company that it will “review” the Shelf Registration Statement (the “Shelf Effectiveness Deadline”) and (y) the tenth (10th) Business Day after the date the Company is notified in writing by the SEC that such Shelf Registration Statement will not be “reviewed” or will not be subject to further review; provided that (i) if the Shelf Effectiveness Deadline falls on a Saturday, Sunday or other day that the SEC is closed for business, the Shelf Effectiveness Deadline shall be extended to the next Business Day on which the SEC is open for business and (ii) if the SEC is closed for operations due to a government shutdown, the Shelf Effectiveness Deadline shall be extended by the same number of calendar days as the number of calendar days during which the SEC remains closed. Such Shelf Registration Statement shall provide for the resale of the Registrable Securities and Ordinary Shares and Ordinary Share Equivalents of the Company included therein pursuant to customary methods reasonably requested by the Holders and reasonably acceptable to the Company. The Company shall maintain the Shelf Registration Statement in accordance with the terms hereof, and shall prepare and file with the SEC such amendments, including post-effective amendments, and supplements as may be necessary to keep a Shelf Registration Statement continuously effective, available for use to permit all Holders named therein to sell their Registrable Securities included therein and in compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act until such time as there are no longer any Registrable Securities held by the Holders. The Company may, in its sole discretion, elect to include on the Shelf Registration Statement additional selling holders who are not parties to this Agreement; provided that such inclusion shall be at the Company’s election and shall not create any obligation on the Company's part to include, maintain or protect the registration of any such additional selling holders' securities, and such holders shall have no rights under this Agreement. In the event the Company files a Shelf Registration Statement on Form F-1, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to convert such Shelf Registration Statement to a Shelf Registration Statement on Form F-3 as soon as practicable after the Company is eligible to use Form F-3.
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(i) Subject to Section 2.1(c) and the provisions below with respect to the Minimum Threshold, following the expiration of any applicable lock-up period (or other contractual limitation on the ability to sell shares), each Holder (or Holders) shall have the right at any time and from time to time to elect to sell all or any part of its Registrable Securities pursuant to an underwritten offering pursuant to the Shelf Registration Statement by delivering a written request therefor to the Company specifying the number of Registrable Securities to be included in such registration and the intended method of distribution thereof. The Holder or Holders shall make such election by delivering to the Company a written request (a “Shelf Underwriting Request”) for such underwritten offering specifying the number of Registrable Securities that the Holder or Holders desire to sell pursuant to such underwritten offering (the “Shelf Underwriting”). With respect to any Shelf Underwriting Request, the Holder or Holders making such demand shall be referred to as the “Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders”. As promptly as practicable, but no later than two (2) Business Days after receipt of a Shelf Underwriting Request, the Company shall give written notice (the “Shelf Underwriting Notice”) of such Shelf Underwriting Request to the Holders of record of other Registrable Securities registered on such Shelf Registration Statement (“Shelf Registrable Securities”). the Company, subject to Sections 2.3 and 2.6, shall include in such Shelf Underwriting (x) the Registrable Securities of the Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders and (y) the Shelf Registrable Securities of any other Holder of Shelf Registrable Securities which shall have made a written request to the Company for inclusion in such Shelf Underwriting (which request shall specify the maximum number of Shelf Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by such Holder) within five (5) days after the receipt of the Shelf Underwriting Notice. The Company shall, as soon as reasonably practicable, but subject to Section 2.1(b) and subject to market conditions, blackout rights under Section 2.1(c), diligence readiness, and the availability of current financial statements and disclosure required for the offering, use its reasonable best efforts to effect such Shelf Underwriting. The Company shall, at the request of any Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holder or any other Holder of Registrable Securities registered on such Shelf Registration Statement, file any prospectus supplement or, if the applicable Shelf Registration Statement is an Automatic Shelf Registration Statement, any post-effective amendments and otherwise take any action reasonably determined by the Company, after consultation with the Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders, to be necessary to include therein all disclosure and language deemed necessary or advisable by the Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders or any other Holder of Shelf Registrable Securities to effect such Shelf Underwriting. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2.1(a)(ii), each Shelf Underwriting initiated by Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders that do not include the Sponsor must include, in the aggregate, Registrable Securities requested to be sold by the Initiating Holders having an aggregate market value of at least the Minimum Threshold (measured based on the Registrable Securities requested to be sold by the Initiating Holders) and each Shelf Underwriting initiated by the Sponsor must include, in the aggregate, (i) Registrable Securities requested to be sold by the Sponsor Holders having an aggregate market value of at least $50 million or (ii) the majority of Registrable Securities held by the Sponsor Holders. In connection with any Shelf Underwriting (including an Underwritten Block Trade), the Company shall have the right to designate the Manager and each other managing underwriter in connection with any such Shelf Underwriting or Underwritten Block Trade, subject to Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders’ reasonable approval. If the Shelf Underwriting involves Registrable Securities having an aggregate market value in excess of $50 million, the Company will use its reasonable efforts to make available senior executives of the Company to participate in customary “road show” presentations that may be reasonably requested by the Underwriter in any Underwritten Offering. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holder wishes to engage in an underwritten block trade or similar transaction or other transaction with a 2-day or less marketing period (collectively, “Underwritten Block Trade”) off of a Shelf Registration Statement, then notwithstanding the foregoing time periods, such Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holder only needs to notify the Company of the Underwritten Block Trade two (2) Business Days prior to the day such offering is to commence and the Holders of record of other Registrable Securities shall not be entitled to notice of such Underwritten Block Trade and shall not be entitled to participate in such Underwritten Block Trade. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be required to effect more than four (4) Underwritten Block Trades in any twelve (12)-month period.
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(ii) In addition to the blackout and postponement rights set forth in Section 2.1(c), the Company shall have the right to delay the launch, pricing or closing of any Shelf Underwriting or Underwritten Block Trade if the Board determines in good faith that any of the following circumstances exist: (A) the Company is in possession of material non-public information that cannot be disclosed without adversely affecting the Company or its business; (B) a pending earnings release or other pending disclosure event requires that the offering be delayed; (C) the Company is engaged in, or is imminently planning to engage in, a financing or refinancing transaction; (D) the Company is engaged in acquisition or disposition activity; (E) there is material pending litigation, claims or regulatory developments affecting the Company; or (F) disclosure in the registration statement or prospectus requires updating or correction. Such delay shall not exceed the applicable limits set forth in Section 2.1(c).
(b) (i) At any time that a Shelf Registration Statement as required by Section 2.1(a) is not available for use by the Holders (a “Demand Registration Period”) other than pursuant to Section 2.1(c), subject to this Section 2.1(b) and Sections 2.1(c) and 2.3, and the provisions below with respect to the Minimum Threshold, at any time and from time to time during such Demand Registration Period, each Initiating Holder (or Initiating Holders) shall have the right to require the Company to effect one or more registration statements under the Securities Act covering all or any part of its Registrable Securities by delivering a written request therefor to the Company specifying the number of Registrable Securities to be included in such registration and the intended method of distribution thereof. Any such request by any Initiating Holder or Initiating Holders pursuant to this Section 2.1(b)(i) is referred to herein as a “Demand Registration Request,” and the registration so requested is referred to herein as a “Demand Registration”. Subject to Section 2.1(c), Demand Registrations are subject to the following limitations: (A) no more than two (2) Demand Registrations on Form F-1 or any similar long-form registration statement in the aggregate; (B) no more than one (1) Demand Registration in any six (6)-month period; (C) if an effective Shelf Registration Statement is available for use, or can reasonably be made available promptly, the Company shall not be required to effect a separate Demand Registration and may instead direct the Holders to utilize the available Shelf Registration Statement; and (D) the Company shall not be required to effect a Demand Registration if the requested transaction size (based on the Registrable Securities requested to be sold by the Initiating Holders) is not reasonably expected to support a market underwritten transaction. The Company shall give written notice (the “Demand Exercise Notice”) of such Demand Registration Request to each of the Holders of record of Registrable Securities in accordance with Section 2.2, and, subject to Sections 2.3 and 2.6, shall include in a Demand Registration (x) the Registrable Securities of the Initiating Holders and (y) the Registrable Securities of any other Holder of Registrable Securities which shall have made a written request to the Company for inclusion in such registration pursuant to Section 2.2. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2.1(b)(i), each Demand Registration initiated by Initiating Holders that do not include the Sponsor must include, in the aggregate, , Registrable Securities requested to be sold by the Initiating Holders having an aggregate market value of at least the Minimum Threshold (measured based on the Registrable Securities requested to be sold by the Initiating Holders and not based on the aggregate of all securities proposed to be included by all Participating Holders). In connection with any Demand Registration, the Company shall have the right to designate the Manager and each other managing underwriter in connection with any underwritten offering pursuant to such registration, subject to the Initiating Holders’ reasonable approval; provided that in each case, each such underwriter is reasonably satisfactory to the Company, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
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(ii) The Company shall, as soon as reasonably practicable, but subject to Section 2.1(c), use its reasonable best efforts to (x) file or confidentially submit with the SEC (no later than (A) seventy-five (75) from the Company’s receipt of the applicable Demand Registration Request if the Demand Registration is on Form F-1 or similar long-form registration statement and or (B) forty-five (45) from the Company’s receipt of the applicable Demand Registration Request if the Demand Registration is on Form F-3 or any similar short-form registration), in each case subject to the availability of current financial statements, completion of customary diligence, and compliance with applicable SEC requirements, (y) cause to be declared effective as soon as reasonably practicable such registration statement under the Securities Act that includes the Registrable Securities which the Company has been so requested to register for distribution in accordance with the intended method of distribution, and (z) if requested by the Initiating Holders, use reasonable best efforts to seek acceleration of the effective date of the registration statement relating to such registration where appropriate under the circumstances.
(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 2.1(a) or Section 2.1(b), the Shelf Underwriting and Demand Registration Requests granted in Section 2.1(a) and Section 2.1(b) are subject to the following limitations: (i) the Company shall not be required to cause a registration statement filed pursuant to Section 2.1(b) to be declared effective within a period of ninety (90) days after the effective date of any other registration statement of the Company filed pursuant to the Securities Act (other than a Form F-4, Form S-8 or a comparable form or an equivalent registration form then in effect); (ii) the Company shall not be required to effect more than two (2) Demand Registrations on Form F-1 or any similar long-form registration statement at the request of the Holders in the aggregate; (iii) if the Board, in its good faith judgment, determines that any registration of Registrable Securities or Shelf Underwriting should not be made or continued because it would materially and adversely interfere with any existing or potential financing, refinancing, acquisition, corporate reorganization, merger, share exchange or other material transaction or event involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries or would otherwise result in the public disclosure of information that the Board in good faith has a bona fide business purpose for keeping confidential (a “Valid Business Reason”), then (x) the Company may postpone filing or confidentially submitting a registration statement relating to a Demand Registration Request or a prospectus supplement relating to a Shelf Underwriting Request until five (5) Business Days after such Valid Business Reason no longer exists, but in no event for more than forty-five (45) days after the date the Board determines a Valid Business Reason exists or (y) if a registration statement has been filed or confidentially submitted relating to a Demand Registration Request or a prospectus supplement has been filed relating to a Shelf Underwriting Request, the Company may, to the extent determined in the good faith judgment of the Board to be reasonably necessary to avoid interference with any of the transactions described above, delay the launch, pricing or closing of any offering, or suspend use of or, if required by the SEC, cause such registration statement to be withdrawn and its effectiveness terminated or may postpone amending or supplementing such registration statement until five (5) Business Days after such Valid Business Reason no longer exists, but in no event for more than forty-five (45) days after the date the Board determines a Valid Business Reason exists (such period of postponement or withdrawal under this clause (iii), the “Postponement Period”). The Company shall give written notice to the Initiating Holders or Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders and any other Holders that have requested registration pursuant to Section 2.2 of its determination to postpone or suspend use of or withdraw a registration statement and of the fact that the Valid Business Reason for such postponement or suspension or withdrawal no longer exists, in each case, promptly after the occurrence thereof; provided, however, that the Company shall not be entitled to more than three (3) Postponement Periods during any twelve (12) month period.
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Each Holder of Registrable Securities agrees that, upon receipt of any notice from the Company that the Company has determined to suspend use of, withdraw, terminate or postpone amending or supplementing any registration statement pursuant to clause (c)(iii) above, such Holder will discontinue its disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to such registration statement. If the Company shall have suspended use of, withdrawn or terminated a registration statement filed under Section 2.1(b)(i) (whether pursuant to clause (c)(iii) above or as a result of any stop order, injunction or other order or requirement of the SEC or any other governmental agency or court), the Company shall not be considered to have effected a Demand Registration for the purposes of this Agreement and such request shall not count as a Demand Registration Request under this Agreement until the Company shall have permitted use of such suspended registration statement or filed a new registration statement covering the Registrable Securities covered by the withdrawn or terminated registration statement and such registration statement shall have been declared effective and shall not have been withdrawn. If the Company shall give any notice of suspension, withdrawal or postponement of a registration statement, the Company shall, not later than five (5) Business Days after the Valid Business Reason that caused such suspension, withdrawal or postponement no longer exists (but, with respect to a suspension, withdrawal or postponement pursuant to clause (c)(iii) above, in no event later than sixty (60) days after the date of the suspension, postponement or withdrawal), as applicable, permit use of such suspended registration statement or use its reasonable best efforts to effect the registration under the Securities Act of the Registrable Securities covered by the withdrawn or postponed registration statement in accordance with this Section 2.1 (unless the Initiating Holders or Shelf Underwriting Initiating Holders shall have withdrawn such request, in which case the Company shall not be considered to have effected a Demand Registration for the purposes of this Agreement and such request shall not count as a Demand Registration Request under this Agreement), and following such permission or such effectiveness such registration shall no longer be deemed to be suspended, withdrawn or postponed pursuant to clause (iv) of Section 2.1(c) above.
(d) No Demand Registration shall be deemed to have occurred for purposes of Section 2.1(b) (i) if the registration statement relating thereto (x) does not become effective, (y) is not maintained effective for a period of at least one hundred eighty (180) days after the effective date thereof or such shorter period during which all Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement have actually been sold (provided, however, that such period shall be extended for a period of time equal to the period any Holder of Registrable Securities refrains from selling any securities included in such Registration Statement at the request of the Company or an underwriter of the Company), or (z) is subject to a stop order, injunction, or similar order or requirement of the SEC during such period, (ii) for each Initiating Holder, if less than seventy five percent (75%) of the Registrable Securities requested by such Initiating Holder to be included in such Demand Registration are so included pursuant to Section 2.3, (iii) if the method of disposition is a firm commitment underwritten public offering and less than seventy five percent (75%) of the applicable Registrable Securities have been sold pursuant thereto (excluding any Registrable Securities included for sale in the underwriters’ overallotment option), unless such shortfall results from any of the circumstances described in clause (ii) above, or (iv) if the conditions to closing specified in any underwriting agreement, purchase agreement or similar agreement entered into in connection with the registration relating to such request are not satisfied (other than as a result of a default or breach thereunder by such Initiating Holder(s) or its Affiliates or are otherwise waived by such Initiating Holder(s)).
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(e) Any Initiating Holder may withdraw or revoke a Demand Registration Request delivered by such Initiating Holder at any time prior to the effectiveness of such Demand Registration by giving written notice to the Company of such withdrawal or revocation and such Demand Registration shall have no further force or effect and such request shall not count as a Demand Registration Request under this Agreement.
2.2. Piggyback Registrations.
(a) If the Company proposes or is required to register any of its equity securities for its own account or for the account of any other shareholder under the Securities Act (other than pursuant to registrations on Form F-4 or Form S-8 or any similar successor forms thereto), the Company shall give written notice (the “Piggyback Notice”) of its intention to do so to each of the Holders of record of Registrable Securities, at least two (2) Business Days prior to the filing of any registration statement under the Securities Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may delay any Piggyback Notice until after filing a registration statement where the Company determines in its reasonable discretion that confidentiality or execution sensitivity requires such delay, so long as all recipients of such notice have the same amount of time to determine whether to participate in an offering as they would have had if such notice had not been so delayed. Upon the written request of any such Holder, made within two (2) Business Days following the receipt of any such Piggyback Notice (or within one (1) Business Day following receipt of such Piggyback Notice in the case of an overnight offering, bought deal or other similarly accelerated transaction) (which request shall specify the maximum number of Registrable Securities intended to be disposed of by such Holder and the intended method of distribution thereof), and subject to the timely delivery by such Holder of all information and documentation required by the Company in connection with such registration, the Company shall, subject to Sections 2.2(c), 2.3 and 2.6 hereof, use its reasonable best efforts to cause all such Registrable Securities, the Holders of which have so requested the registration thereof, to be registered under the Securities Act with the securities which the Company at the time proposes to register to permit the sale or other disposition by the Holders (in accordance with the intended method of distribution thereof) of the Registrable Securities to be so registered, including, if necessary, by filing with the SEC a post-effective amendment or a supplement to the registration statement filed by the Company or the prospectus related thereto. There is no limitation on the number of such piggyback registrations which the Company is obligated to effect pursuant to the preceding sentence. No registration of Registrable Securities effected under this Section 2.2(a) shall relieve the Company of its obligations to effect Demand Registrations under Section 2.1 hereof. For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 2.2 shall not apply to any Underwritten Block Trade. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2.2, the Company shall have no obligation to effect a Piggyback Registration with respect to any Registrable Securities that, at the time of the applicable Piggyback Notice, are already covered by an effective registration statement filed pursuant to Section 2.1 and available for immediate resale thereunder.
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(b) Other than in connection with a Demand Registration or a Shelf Underwriting, at any time after giving a Piggyback Notice and prior to the effective date of the registration statement filed in connection with such registration, if the Company shall determine in its sole discretion for any reason not to register or to delay registration of such equity securities, the Company may, at its election, give written notice of such determination to all Holders of record of Registrable Securities and (x) in the case of a determination not to register, shall be relieved of its obligation to register any Registrable Securities in connection with such abandoned registration without any liability to any Holder, without prejudice, however, to the rights of Holders under Section 2.1, and (y) in the case of a determination to delay such registration of its equity securities, shall be permitted to delay the registration of such Registrable Securities for the same period as the delay in registering such other equity securities.
(c) Any Holder shall have the right to withdraw its request for inclusion of its Registrable Securities in any registration statement pursuant to this Section 2.2 by giving written notice to the Company of its request to withdraw; provided, however, that (i) such request must be made in writing prior to the earlier of the execution by such Holder of the underwriting agreement or the execution by such Holder of the custody agreement with respect to such registration or as otherwise required by the underwriters and (ii) if such withdrawal is made after launch work has materially commenced with respect to the applicable offering, the withdrawing Holder shall bear its own holder-specific incremental costs associated with such withdrawal.
2.3. Allocation of Securities Included in Registration Statement.
(a) If any requested registration or offering made pursuant to Section 2.1 (including a Shelf Underwriting) involves an underwritten offering and the Manager of such offering shall advise the Company in good faith that, in its view, the number of securities requested to be included in such underwritten offering by the Holders of Registrable Securities, the Company or any other Persons exercising contractual registration rights (“Additional Piggyback Rights”) exceeds the largest number of securities (the “Section 2.3(a) Sale Number”) that can be sold in an orderly manner in such underwritten offering within a price range acceptable to the Initiating Holders and the Majority Participating Holders, the Company shall include in such underwritten offering:
(i) first, all Registrable Securities requested to be included in such underwritten offering by the Holders thereof (including pursuant to the exercise of piggyback rights pursuant to Section 2.2); provided, however, that if the number of such Registrable Securities exceeds the Section 2.3(a) Sale Number, the number of such Registrable Securities (not to exceed the Section 2.3(a) Sale Number) to be included in such underwritten offering shall be allocated on a pro rata basis among all Holders (including each Initiating Holder) requesting that Registrable Securities be included in such underwritten offering (including pursuant to the exercise of piggyback rights pursuant to Section 2.2), based on the number of Registrable Securities then owned by each such Holder requesting inclusion in relation to the aggregate number of Registrable Securities owned by all Holders requesting inclusion; and
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(ii) second, to the extent that the number of Registrable Securities to be included pursuant to clause (i) of this Section 2.3(a) is less than the Section 2.3(a) Sale Number, any securities that the Company proposes to register for its own account in connection with a bona fide concurrent primary financing by the Company, up to the Section 2.3(a) Sale Number; and (iii) third, to the extent that the number of securities to be included pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 2.3(a) is less than the Section 2.3(a) Sale Number, the remaining securities to be included in such underwritten offering shall be allocated on a pro rata basis among all Persons other than Holders requesting that securities be included in such underwritten offering pursuant to the exercise of Additional Piggyback Rights (“Piggyback Shares”), based on the aggregate number of Piggyback Shares then owned by each Person requesting inclusion in relation to the aggregate number of Piggyback Shares owned by all Persons requesting inclusion, up to the Section 2.3(a) Sale Number. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have the right to defer or delay any Shelf Underwriting or Demand Registration under this Section 2.3(a) pursuant to its blackout and postponement rights under Section 2.1(c) rather than proceeding with a registration or offering in a financing-sensitive window, and nothing in this Section 2.3(a) shall limit such rights.
(b) If any registration or offering made pursuant to Section 2.2 involves an underwritten primary offering on behalf of the Company and the Manager shall advise the Company that, in its view, the number of securities requested to be included in such underwritten offering by the Holders of Registrable Securities, the Company or any other Persons exercising Additional Piggyback Rights exceeds the largest number of securities (the “Section 2.3(b) Sale Number”) that can be sold in an orderly manner in such underwritten offering within a price range acceptable to the Company, the Company shall include in such underwritten offering:
(i) first, all equity securities that the Company proposes to register for its own account; and
(ii) second, to the extent that the number of securities to be included pursuant to clause (i) of this Section 2.3(b) is less than the Section 2.3(b) Sale Number, the remaining Registrable Securities to be included in such underwritten offering shall be allocated on a pro rata basis among all Holders requesting that Registrable Securities be included in such underwritten offering pursuant to the exercise of piggyback rights pursuant to Section 2.2(a), based on the aggregate number of Registrable Securities then owned by each such Holder requesting inclusion in relation to the aggregate number of Registrable Securities owned by all Holders requesting inclusion, up to the Section 2.3(b) Sale Number; provided that the Company may, upon the advice of the managing underwriter that inclusion of all or any portion of the Holders' Registrable Securities would materially adversely affect the timing, pricing or success of the Company's offering, exclude all or any portion of such Registrable Securities from such offering; and (iii) third, to the extent that the number of securities to be included pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 2.3(b) is less than the Section 2.3(b) Sale Number, the remaining securities to be included in such underwritten offering shall be allocated on a pro rata basis among all Persons requesting that Piggyback Shares be included in such underwritten offering pursuant to the exercise of Additional Piggyback Rights, based on the aggregate number of Piggyback Shares then owned by each Person requesting inclusion in relation to the aggregate number of Piggyback Shares owned by all Persons requesting inclusion, up to the Section 2.3(b) Sale Number.
(c) If any registration pursuant to Section 2.2 involves an underwritten offering that was initially requested by any Person(s) (other than a Holder) to whom the Company has granted registration rights which are not inconsistent with the rights granted in, and do not otherwise conflict with the terms of, this Agreement and the Manager shall advise the Company that, in its view, the number of securities requested to be included in such underwritten offering exceeds the largest number of securities (the “Section 2.3(c) Sale Number”) that can be sold in an orderly manner in such underwritten offering within a price range acceptable to the Company, the Company shall include in such underwritten offering:
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(i) first, if the Company is also selling securities in such offering, all securities that the Company proposes to register for its own account, up to the Section 2.3(c) Sale Number; and thereafter, the shares requested to be included in such underwritten offering shall be allocated on a pro rata basis among such Person(s) requesting the registration and all Holders requesting that Registrable Securities be included in such underwritten offering pursuant to the exercise of piggyback rights pursuant to Section 2.2(a), based on the aggregate number of securities or Registrable Securities, as applicable, then owned by each of the foregoing requesting inclusion in relation to the aggregate number of securities or Registrable Securities, as applicable, owned by all such Persons and Holders requesting inclusion, up to the Section 2.3(c) Sale Number; and
(ii) second, to the extent that the number of securities to be included pursuant to clause (i) of this Section 2.3(c) is less than the Section 2.3(c) Sale Number, the remaining securities to be included in such underwritten offering shall be allocated on a pro rata basis among all Persons requesting that Piggyback Shares be included in such underwritten offering pursuant to the exercise of Additional Piggyback Rights, based on the aggregate number of Piggyback Shares then owned by each Person requesting inclusion in relation to the aggregate number of Piggyback Shares owned by all Persons requesting inclusion, up to the Section 2.3(c) Sale Number; and (iii) third, to the extent that the number of securities to be included pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 2.3(c) is less than the Section 2.3(c) Sale Number, and if not already included pursuant to clause (i) above, any equity securities that the Company proposes to register for its own account, up to the Section 2.3(c) Sale Number. The Company acknowledges that it may grant registration rights in future financing or strategic transactions, and nothing in this Section 2.3(c) shall be construed to limit the Company’s ability to do so, provided that such rights are not materially inconsistent with the rights of Holders under this Agreement in accordance with Section 2.10.
(d) If, as a result of the proration provisions set forth in clauses (a), (b) or (c) of this Section 2.3, any Holder shall not be entitled to include all Registrable Securities in an underwritten offering that such Holder has requested be included, such Holder may elect to withdraw such Holder’s request to include Registrable Securities in the registration to which such underwritten offering relates or may reduce the number requested to be included; provided, however, that (x) such request must be made in writing prior to the earlier of such Holder’s execution of the underwriting agreement or such Holder’s execution of the custody agreement with respect to such registration and (y) such withdrawal or reduction shall be irrevocable and, after making such withdrawal or reduction, such Holder shall no longer have any right to include Registrable Securities in the registration as to which such withdrawal or reduction was made to the extent of the Registrable Securities so withdrawn or reduced. Following any such withdrawal or reduction by a Holder, the Company and the managing underwriter shall have the right to reallocate any resulting available capacity among the remaining Participating Holders and/or the Company in their reasonable discretion, and such reallocation shall not create any delay rights or recirculation obligations for any party except as required by applicable law.
2.4. Registration Procedures. If and whenever the Company is required by the provisions of this Agreement to effect or cause the registration of and/or participate in any offering or sale of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act as provided in this Agreement (or use reasonable best efforts to accomplish the same), the Company shall, as soon as reasonably practicable, subject to this Agreement, market conditions, blackout rights under Section 2.1(c), underwriter requirements and applicable law:
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(a) prepare and file all filings with the SEC and FINRA as soon as practicable required for the consummation of the offering, including preparing and filing with the SEC a registration statement on an appropriate registration form of the SEC for the disposition of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method of disposition thereof, which registration form (i) shall be selected by the Company (except as provided for in a Demand Registration Request) and (ii) shall, in the case of a shelf registration, be available for the sale of the Registrable Securities by the selling Holders thereof and such registration statement shall comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the applicable registration form and include all financial statements required by the SEC to be filed therewith, and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause such registration statement to become effective and remain continuously effective for such period as required by this Agreement (provided, however, that as far in advance as reasonably practicable before filing a registration statement or prospectus or any amendments or supplements thereto, or comparable statements under securities or state “blue sky” laws of any jurisdiction, or any free writing prospectus related thereto, the Company will furnish to the Holders participating in the planned offering and to the Manager, if any, copies of all such documents proposed to be filed (including all exhibits thereto), which documents will be subject to their reasonable review and reasonable comment, and the Company shall consider such timely comments in good faith; provided that the Company retains sole control over the content and timing of all SEC filings, and Holder comment rights shall be limited to (x) information concerning such Holders, (y) the plan of distribution, and (z) offering mechanics directly relating to such Holders; provided, further, that no Holder or underwriter shall have any right to object to or delay any filing on the basis of any matter other than the foregoing); provided, further, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Company be required to file any document with the SEC which in the view of the Company or its counsel contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make any statement therein not misleading;
(b) (i) prepare and file with the SEC such amendments and supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith and such free writing prospectuses and Exchange Act reports as may be necessary to keep such registration statement continuously effective for the period expressly required under this Agreement, subject to the suspension and blackout rights set forth herein, and to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the sale or other disposition of all Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement, and any prospectus so supplemented to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the Securities Act, in accordance with the intended methods of disposition by the seller or sellers thereof set forth in such registration statement and (ii) provide notice to such sellers of Registrable Securities and the Manager, if any, of the Company’s reasonable determination that a post-effective amendment to a registration statement would be appropriate;
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(c) furnish, without charge, to each Participating Holder and each underwriter, if any, of the securities covered by such registration statement such number of copies of such registration statement, each amendment and supplement thereto (in each case including all exhibits), the prospectus included in such registration statement (including each preliminary prospectus and any summary prospectus) and any other prospectus filed under Rule 424 under the Securities Act, each free writing prospectus utilized in connection therewith, in each case, in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and other documents, as such seller and underwriter may reasonably request in order to facilitate the public sale or other disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such seller (the Company hereby consenting to the use in accordance with all applicable laws of each such registration statement (or amendment or post-effective amendment thereto) and each such prospectus (or preliminary prospectus or supplement thereto) or free writing prospectus by each such Participating Holder and the underwriters, if any, in connection with the offering and sale of the Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement or prospectus); provided that electronic delivery shall be deemed sufficient for purposes of this Section 2.4(c);
(d) use its reasonable best efforts to register or qualify the Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement under such other securities or state “blue sky” laws of such jurisdictions as any sellers of Registrable Securities or any managing underwriter, if any, shall reasonably request in writing, and do any and all other acts and things which may be reasonably necessary or advisable to enable such sellers or underwriter, if any, to consummate the disposition of the Registrable Securities in such jurisdictions (including keeping such registration or qualification in effect for so long as such registration statement remains in effect), except that in no event shall the Company be required to qualify to do business as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction where it would not, but for the requirements of this paragraph (d), be required to be so qualified, to subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction, consent to general service of process in any such jurisdiction, incur any material tax burden in any such jurisdiction, or incur any material regulatory burden in any foreign jurisdiction;
(e) promptly notify each Participating Holder and each managing underwriter, if any: (i) when the registration statement, any pre-effective amendment, the prospectus or any prospectus supplement related thereto, any post-effective amendment to the registration statement or any free writing prospectus has been filed with the SEC and, with respect to the registration statement or any post-effective amendment, when the same has become effective; (ii) of any request by the SEC or state securities authority for amendments or supplements to the registration statement or the prospectus related thereto or for additional information; (iii) of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the registration statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose; (iv) of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of any Registrable Securities for sale under the securities or state “blue sky” laws of any jurisdiction or the initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; (v) of the existence of any fact of which the Company becomes aware which results in the registration statement or any amendment thereto, the prospectus related thereto or any supplement thereto, any document incorporated therein by reference, any free writing prospectus or the information conveyed at the time of sale to any purchaser containing an untrue statement of a material fact or omitting to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make any statement therein not misleading; and (vi) if at any time the representations and warranties contemplated by any underwriting agreement, securities sale agreement, or other similar agreement, relating to the offering shall cease to be true and correct in all material respects (unless otherwise qualified by materiality in which case such representations and warranties shall cease to be true and correct in all respects); and, if the notification relates to an event described in clause (v), the Company shall determine whether a Postponement Period applies, and unless the Company has declared that a Postponement Period exists, the Company shall promptly prepare and furnish to each such seller and each underwriter, if any, a reasonable number of copies of a prospectus supplemented or amended so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of such Registrable Securities, such prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading;
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(f) comply (and continue to comply) with all applicable rules and regulations of the SEC (to the extent required by applicable law) (including maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) in accordance with the Exchange Act), it being understood that this Section 2.4(f) does not create contractual standards above those required by applicable securities laws, and make generally available to its security holders (including by way of filings with the SEC), as soon as reasonably practicable after the effective date of the registration statement (and in any event within forty-five (45) days, or ninety (90) days if it is a fiscal year, after the end of such twelve month period described hereafter), an earnings statement (which need not be audited) covering the period of at least twelve (12) consecutive months beginning with the first day of the Company’s first calendar quarter after the effective date of the registration statement, which earnings statement shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder;
(g) (i) (A) use its reasonable best efforts to cause all such Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement to be listed on the principal securities exchange on which similar securities issued by the Company are then listed, to the extent permitted by the rules of such exchange and subject to the Company's eligibility therefor, if the listing of such Registrable Securities is then permitted under the rules of such exchange, or (B) if no similar securities are then so listed, use its reasonable best efforts to either cause all such Registrable Securities to be listed on a national securities exchange or to secure designation of all such Registrable Securities as a New York Stock Exchange “national market system security” within the meaning of Rule 11Aa2-1 of the Exchange Act or, failing that, secure New York Stock Exchange authorization for such shares and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, take all actions that may be required by the Company as the issuer of such Registrable Securities in order to facilitate the managing underwriter’s arranging for the registration of at least two market makers as such with respect to such shares with FINRA, and (ii) comply (and continue to comply) with the requirements of any self-regulatory organization applicable to the Company, including all corporate governance requirements;
(h) cause its senior management, officers and employees to participate in, and to otherwise facilitate and cooperate with the preparation of the registration statement and prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto (including participating in meetings, drafting sessions, due diligence sessions and rating agency presentations) to a commercially reasonable extent, taking into account the Company’s reasonable business needs and the reasonable availability of management personnel;
(i) provide and cause to be maintained a transfer agent and registrar for all such Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement not later than the effective date of such registration statement and, in the case of any secondary equity offering, provide and enter into any reasonable agreements with a custodian for the Registrable Securities;
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(j) enter into such customary agreements (including, if applicable, an underwriting agreement customary for the applicable transaction type) and take such other actions as the Initiating Holder or the Majority Participating Holders or the underwriters shall reasonably request in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities (it being understood that the Holders of the Registrable Securities which are to be distributed by any underwriters shall be parties to any such underwriting agreement and may, at their option, require that the Company make for the benefit of such Holders the representations, warranties and covenants of the Company which are being made to and for the benefit of such underwriters); provided that no Holder shall have the right to require the Company to make representations, warranties, covenants, bring-downs, comfort letters or other protections that are not customary for the applicable transaction type;
(k) use its reasonable best efforts (i) to obtain opinions from the Company’s counsel, including local and/or regulatory counsel, and a “comfort” letter and updates thereof from the independent public accountants who have certified the financial statements of the Company (and/or any other financial statements) included or incorporated by reference in such registration statement, in each case, to the extent customary for the applicable offering type and subject to the availability of such opinions and letters from the relevant professionals on customary terms, in customary form and covering such matters as are customarily covered by such opinions and “comfort” letters (including, in the case of such “comfort” letter, events subsequent to the date of such financial statements) delivered to underwriters in underwritten public offerings, which opinions and letters shall be dated the dates such opinions and “comfort” letters are customarily dated and otherwise reasonably satisfactory to the underwriters, if any, and (ii) furnish to each Participating Holder and to each underwriter, if any, a copy of such opinions and letters addressed to such underwriter to the extent customary and permitted by the relevant professionals;
(l) deliver promptly to counsel for the Majority Participating Holders and to each managing underwriter, if any, copies of all correspondence between the SEC and the Company, its counsel or auditors and all memoranda relating to discussions with the SEC or its staff with respect to the registration statement, and, upon receipt of such confidentiality agreements as the Company may reasonably request, make reasonably available for inspection by counsel for the Majority Participating Holders, by counsel for any underwriter participating in any disposition to be effected pursuant to such registration statement and by any attorney, accountant or other agent retained by the Majority Participating Holders or any such underwriter, in each case in connection with underwritten offerings only, during regular business hours, all customary diligence materials reasonably necessary for the applicable offering, and cause all of the Company’s officers, directors and employees to supply all information reasonably requested by any such counsel for the Majority Participating Holders, counsel for an underwriter, attorney, accountant or agent in connection with such registration statement;
(m) use its reasonable best efforts to prevent the issuance or obtain the prompt withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of the registration statement, or the prompt lifting of any suspension of the qualification of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any jurisdiction, in each case, as promptly as reasonably practicable;
(n) provide a CUSIP number for all Registrable Securities, not later than the effective date of the registration statement;
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(o) use its reasonable best efforts to make available its senior management for participation in “road shows” and other marketing efforts and otherwise provide reasonable assistance to the underwriters (taking into account the Company’s reasonable business needs and the requirements of the marketing process) in the marketing of Registrable Securities in any marketed underwritten offering where the aggregate market value of Registrable Securities included in such offering exceeds $50 million; provided that (i) no road show obligation shall apply in connection with any Underwritten Block Trade or any offering that does not involve a formal marketing period, and (ii) any road show obligation shall be subject to the reasonable availability of management;
(p) promptly prior to the filing of any document which is to be incorporated by reference into the registration statement or the prospectus (after the initial filing or confidential submission of such registration statement), and prior to the filing or use of any free writing prospectus, provide copies of such document to counsel for the Majority Participating Holders and to each managing underwriter, if any, and make the Company’s representatives reasonably available for discussion of such document and make such changes in such document concerning information specifically relating to the Participating Holders or offering-specific disclosure directly relating to such Holders contained therein prior to the filing thereof as counsel for the Majority Participating Holders or underwriters may reasonably request (provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Company be required to file or confidentially submit any document with the SEC which in the view of the Company or its counsel contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make any statement therein not misleading);
(q) furnish to counsel for the Majority Participating Holders and to each managing underwriter, without charge, upon request, at least one conformed copy of the registration statement and any post-effective amendments or supplements thereto, including financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated therein by reference, the prospectus contained in such registration statement (including each preliminary prospectus and any summary prospectus), any other prospectus and prospectus supplement filed under Rule 424 under the Securities Act and all exhibits (including those incorporated by reference) and any free writing prospectus utilized in connection therewith;
(r) cooperate with the Participating Holders and the managing underwriter, if any, to facilitate the timely preparation and delivery of certificates not bearing any restrictive legends representing the Registrable Securities to be sold, and cause such Registrable Securities to be issued in such denominations and registered in such names in accordance with the underwriting agreement at least two (2) Business Days prior to any sale of Registrable Securities to the underwriters or, if not an underwritten offering, in accordance with the instructions of the Participating Holders at least two (2) Business Days prior to any sale of Registrable Securities and instruct any transfer agent and registrar of Registrable Securities to release any stop transfer orders in respect thereof (and, in the case of Registrable Securities registered on a Shelf Registration Statement, at the request of any Holder, prepare and deliver certificates representing such Registrable Securities not bearing any restrictive legends and deliver or cause to be delivered an opinion or instructions to the transfer agent in order to allow such Registrable Securities to be sold from time to time); provided that the Company shall have no obligation to remove any restrictive legend or release any stop transfer order where contractual or legal restrictions continue to apply to the relevant securities;
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(s) include in any prospectus or prospectus supplement such updated financial or business information for the Company's most recent period as the Company reasonably determines is appropriate, legally permissible and customary for marketing the applicable offering; provided that the Company shall not be required to include in any prospectus or prospectus supplement (i) nonpublic forecasts, (ii) estimated results or ranges of results, (iii) earnings guidance or guidance ranges, or (iv) any other material non-public information not otherwise intended for public disclosure at such time;
(t) include in any prospectus or prospectus supplement if requested by any managing underwriter updated financial or business information for the Company’s most recent period or current quarterly period (including estimated results or ranges of results) if required for purposes of marketing the offering in the view of the managing underwriter;
(u) take no direct or indirect action prohibited by Regulation M under the Exchange Act; provided, however, that to the extent that any prohibition is applicable to the Company, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to make any such prohibition inapplicable;
(v) use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Registrable Securities covered by the applicable registration statement to be registered with or approved by such other governmental agencies or authorities as may be necessary to enable the Participating Holders or the underwriters, if any, to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities;
(w) take all such other commercially reasonable actions as are customary and as are necessary or advisable under applicable law in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities;
(x) take all reasonable action to ensure that any free writing prospectus utilized in connection with any registration covered by Section 2.1 or 2.2 complies in all material respects with the Securities Act, is filed in accordance with the Securities Act to the extent required thereby, is retained in accordance with the Securities Act to the extent required thereby and, when taken together with the related prospectus, prospectus supplement and related documents, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;
(y) in connection with any underwritten offering, if at any time the information conveyed to a purchaser at the time of sale includes any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, promptly file with the SEC such amendments or supplements to such information as may be necessary so that the statements as so amended or supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances, be misleading;
(z) to the extent required by applicable rules and regulations of FINRA, retain a Qualified Independent Underwriter acceptable to the managing underwriter; and
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(aa) use commercially reasonable best efforts, in good faith, to cooperate with the managing underwriters, Participating Holders, any indemnitee of the Company and their respective counsel in connection with the preparation and filing of any applications, notices, registrations and responses to requests for additional information with FINRA, Nasdaq, or any other national securities exchange on which the Ordinary Shares are listed.
To the extent the Company is a WKSI at the time any Demand Registration Request is submitted to the Company, the Company shall file an automatic shelf registration statement (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) (an “Automatic Shelf Registration Statement”) on Form F-3 which covers those Registrable Securities which are requested to be registered. The Company shall not knowingly take any action primarily for the purpose of causing it to cease to be a WKSI or to become an ineligible issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) during the period during which such Automatic Shelf Registration Statement is required to remain effective. If the Company does not pay the filing fee covering the Registrable Securities at the time the Automatic Shelf Registration Statement is filed, the Company shall pay such fee at such time or times as the Registrable Securities are to be sold in compliance with applicable SEC rules. If any Automatic Shelf Registration Statement has been effective for at least three (3) years, the Company shall, at or prior to the end of the third year, file a new shelf registration statement covering the Registrable Securities. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, if at any time the Company is required to re-evaluate its WKSI status and determines that it is no longer a WKSI, the Company shall not be required to file or maintain an Automatic Shelf Registration Statement and its obligation hereunder shall instead be to use its reasonable best efforts to file, as promptly as reasonably practicable, a shelf registration statement on Form F-3 or, if Form F-3 is then unavailable, on Form F-1, and to keep such registration statement effective for so long as required by this Agreement.
The Company may require as a condition precedent to the Company’s obligations under this Section 2.4 that each Participating Holder as to which any registration is being effected (i) furnish the Company such information regarding such seller and the distribution of such securities as the Company may from time to time reasonably request (including as required under state securities laws), provided that such information is necessary for the Company to consummate such registration and shall be used only in connection with such registration and (ii) provide any underwriters participating in the distribution of such securities such information as the underwriters may request and execute and deliver any agreements, certificates or other documents as the underwriters may request. If any Holder fails to timely furnish accurate and complete information required pursuant to this Section 2.4, the Company may, without liability, exclude such Holder's Registrable Securities from the applicable registration or offering.
Each Holder of Registrable Securities agrees that upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any event of the kind described in clause (v) of paragraph (e) of this Section 2.4, such Holder will discontinue such Holder’s disposition of Registrable Securities pursuant to the registration statement covering such Registrable Securities until such Holder’s receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by paragraph (e) of this Section 2.4 and, if so directed by the Company, will deliver to the Company (at the Company’s expense) all copies, other than permanent file copies, then in such Holder’s possession of the prospectus covering such Registrable Securities that was in effect at the time of receipt of such notice. In the event the Company shall give any such notice, the applicable period mentioned in paragraph (b) of this Section 2.4 shall be extended by the number of days during such period from and including the date of the giving of such notice to and including the date when each Participating Holder covered by such registration statement shall have received the copies of the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by paragraph (e) of this Section 2.4.
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The Company agrees not to file or make any amendment to any registration statement with respect to any Registrable Securities, or any amendment of or supplement to the prospectus, or any free writing prospectus, which amendment refers to any Holder covered thereby by name, or otherwise identifies such Holder, without the consent of such Holder, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed, unless such disclosure is required by law, in which case the Company shall provide written notice to such Holders no less than five (5) Business Days prior to the filing.
2.5. Registration Expenses.
(a) The Company shall pay all Expenses with respect to any registration or offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2, whether or not a registration statement becomes effective or the offering is consummated.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, (x) the provisions of this Section 2.5 shall be deemed amended to the extent necessary to cause these expense provisions to comply with state “blue sky” laws of each state in which the offering is made and (y) in connection with any underwritten offering hereunder, each Participating Holder shall pay all underwriting discounts and commissions and any transfer taxes, if any, attributable to the sale of such Registrable Securities, pro rata with respect to payments of discounts and commissions in accordance with the number of shares sold in the offering by such Participating Holder.
2.6. Certain Limitations on Registration Rights. In the case of any registration under Section 2.1 involving an underwritten offering, or, in the case of a registration under Section 2.2, if the Company has determined to enter into an underwriting agreement in connection therewith, all securities to be included in such underwritten offering shall be subject to such underwriting agreement and no Person may participate in such underwritten offering unless such Person (i) agrees to sell such Person’s securities on the basis provided therein and completes and executes all reasonable questionnaires, and other customary documents (including custody agreements, powers of attorney, indemnities, lock-up agreements) which must be executed in connection therewith; provided, however, that all such documents shall be consistent with the provisions hereof and (ii) provides such other information to the Company or the underwriter as may be necessary to register such Person’s securities. If any Holder fails to execute required customary documents or provide requested information by the deadline reasonably established by the Company or the underwriters in connection with any registration or offering, the Company may, without liability to such Holder, exclude such Holder's Registrable Securities from such registration or offering. Any lock-up or related undertakings required of Holders in connection with any registration or offering shall be customary for the applicable transaction type and no more restrictive than those imposed on similarly situated selling shareholders participating in such offering.
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2.7. Limitations on Sale or Distribution of Other Securities.
(a) Each Holder that is a director or officer of the Company agrees, to the extent requested by the Manager of any underwritten public offering pursuant to a registration or offering effected pursuant to Section 2.1 (including any Shelf Underwriting pursuant to Section 2.1(a)) or Section 2.2 (including any offering effected by the Company for its own account ), not to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of, including any sale pursuant to Rule 144, any Ordinary Shares or Ordinary Share Equivalents (other than as part of such underwritten public offering) during the time period reasonably requested by the Manager, not to exceed the period from seven days prior to the pricing date of such offering until ninety (90) days after the pricing date of such offering or such shorter period as agreed by the Manager, the Company or any executive officer or director of the Company.
(b) The Company hereby agrees that, in connection with any firmly underwritten marketed offering pursuant to Section 2.1 (including any Shelf Underwriting pursuant to Section 2.1(a)) or 2.2, the Company shall not sell, transfer, or otherwise dispose of, any Ordinary Shares or Ordinary Share Equivalent (other than as part of such underwritten public offering, a registration on Form F-4 or Form S-8 or any successor or similar form which is (x) then in effect or (y) shall become effective upon the conversion, exchange or exercise of any then outstanding Ordinary Share Equivalent), until a period from seven days prior to the pricing date of such offering until ninety (90) days after the pricing date of such offering or such shorter period as the Manager, the Company or any executive officer or director of the Company shall agree to and the Company shall so provide in any registration rights agreements hereafter entered into with respect to any of its securities.
2.8. No Required Sale. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to create an independent obligation on the part of any Holder to sell any Registrable Securities pursuant to any effective registration statement. A Holder is not required to include any of its Registrable Securities in any registration statement, is not required to sell any of its Registrable Securities which are included in any effective registration statement, and may sell any of its Registrable Securities in any manner in compliance with applicable law (subject to applicable lock-up restrictions) even if such shares are already included on an effective registration statement.
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2.9. Indemnification.
(a) In the event of any registration or offer and sale of any securities of the Company under the Securities Act pursuant to this Section 2, the Company will (without limitation as to time), and hereby agrees to, and hereby does, indemnify and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by law, each Participating Holder, its directors, officers, employees, stockholders, members, general and limited partners, agents, affiliates, representatives, successors and assigns (and the directors, officers, employees, stockholders, members, general and limited partners, agents, affiliates, representatives, successors and assigns thereof), each other Person who participates as a seller (and its directors, officers, employees, stockholders, members, general and limited partners, agents, affiliates, representatives, successors and assigns), underwriter or Qualified Independent Underwriter, if any, in the offering or sale of such securities, each officer, director, employee, stockholder, managing director, agent, affiliate, representative, successor, assign or partner of such underwriter or Qualified Independent Underwriter, and each other Person, if any, who controls (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) such seller or any such underwriter or Qualified Independent Underwriter and each director, officer, employee, stockholder, managing director, agent, affiliate, representative, successor, assign or partner of such controlling Person, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, actions or proceedings (whether commenced or threatened) and expenses (including reasonable fees of counsel and any amounts paid in any settlement effected with the Company’s consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed) to which each such indemnified party may become subject under the Securities Act or otherwise in respect thereof (collectively, “Claims”), insofar as such Claims arise out of, are based upon, relate to or are in connection with (i) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement under which such securities were registered under the Securities Act or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or (ii) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any preliminary, final or summary prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, together with the documents incorporated by reference therein, or any free writing prospectus utilized in connection therewith, or the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and the Company will reimburse any such indemnified party for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable to any such indemnified party in any such case to the extent such Claim arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission of a material fact made in such registration statement or amendment thereof or supplement thereto or in any such prospectus or any preliminary, final or summary prospectus or free writing prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of such indemnified party specifically for use therein. Such indemnity and reimbursement of expenses shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such indemnified party and shall survive the transfer of such securities by such seller.
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(b) Each Participating Holder (and, if the Company requires as a condition to including any Registrable Securities in any registration statement filed in accordance with Section 2.1 or 2.2, any underwriter and Qualified Independent Underwriter, if any) shall, severally and not jointly, indemnify and hold harmless (in the same manner and to the same extent as set forth in paragraph (a) of this Section 2.9) to the extent permitted by law the Company, its officers and its directors, each Person controlling the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act and all other prospective sellers and their directors, officers, stockholders, fiduciaries, managing directors, agents, affiliates, representatives, successors, assigns or general and limited partners and respective controlling Persons with respect to any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact in, or omission or alleged omission of any material fact from, such registration statement, any preliminary, final or summary prospectus contained therein, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any free writing prospectus utilized in connection therewith, if such statement or alleged statement or omission or alleged omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company or its representatives by or on behalf of such Participating Holder specifically for use in the relevant disclosure document, and each such Participating Holder, underwriter or Qualified Independent Underwriter, if any, shall reimburse such indemnified party for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the aggregate amount which any such Participating Holder shall be required to pay pursuant to this Section 2.9 (including pursuant to indemnity, contribution or otherwise) shall in no case be greater than the amount of the net proceeds received by such Participating Holder upon the sale of the Registrable Securities pursuant to the registration statement giving rise to such Claim; provided, further, that such Participating Holder shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that prior to the filing or confidential submission of any such registration statement or prospectus or amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or any free writing prospectus utilized in connection therewith, such Participating Holder has furnished in writing to the Company information expressly for use in such registration statement or prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or free writing prospectus which corrected or made not misleading information previously furnished to the Company. The Company and each Participating Holder hereby acknowledge and agree that, unless otherwise expressly agreed to in writing by such Participating Holders to the contrary, for all purposes of this Agreement, the only information furnished or to be furnished to the Company for use in any such registration statement, preliminary, final or summary prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto, or any free writing prospectus, are statements specifically relating to (i) the beneficial ownership of Ordinary Shares by such Participating Holder and its Affiliates as disclosed in the section of such document entitled “Selling Stockholders” or “Principal and Selling Stockholders” and (ii) the name and address of such Participating Holder. If any additional information about such Holder or the plan of distribution (other than for an underwritten offering) is required by law to be disclosed in any such document, then such Holder shall not unreasonably withhold its agreement referred to in the immediately preceding sentence. Such indemnity and reimbursement of expenses shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of such indemnified party and shall survive the transfer of such securities by such Holder.
(c) Indemnification similar to that specified in the preceding paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 2.9 (with appropriate modifications) shall be given by the Company and each Participating Holder, to the extent permitted by law, with respect to any required registration or other qualification of securities under any applicable securities and state “blue sky” laws.
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(d) Any Person entitled to indemnification under this Agreement shall notify promptly the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement of any action or proceeding with respect to which a claim for indemnification may be made pursuant to this Section 2.9, but the failure of any indemnified party to provide such notice shall not relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations under the preceding paragraphs of this Section 2.9, except to the extent the indemnifying party is materially and actually prejudiced thereby and shall not relieve the indemnifying party from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 2.9. In case any action or proceeding is brought against an indemnified party and such indemnified party shall have notified the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof (as required above), the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, unless in the reasonable opinion of outside counsel to the indemnified party a conflict of interest between such indemnified and indemnifying parties exists in respect of such Claim, to assume the defense thereof jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to the extent that it chooses, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party that it so chooses, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by such indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided, however, that (i) if the indemnifying party fails to take reasonable steps necessary to defend diligently the action or proceeding within twenty (20) days after receiving notice from such indemnified party that the indemnified party believes it has failed to do so; or (ii) if such indemnified party who is a defendant in any action or proceeding which is also brought against the indemnifying party reasonably shall have concluded that there may be one or more legal or equitable defenses available to such indemnified party which are not available to the indemnifying party or which may conflict with or be different from those available to another indemnified party with respect to such Claim; or (iii) if representation of both parties by the same counsel is otherwise inappropriate under applicable standards of professional conduct, then, in any such case, the indemnified party shall have the right to assume or continue its own defense as set forth above (but with no more than one firm of counsel for all indemnified parties in each jurisdiction, except to the extent any indemnified party or parties reasonably shall have made a conclusion described in clause (ii) or (iii) above) and the indemnifying party shall be liable for any expenses therefor. No indemnifying party shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, such indemnifying party agrees to indemnify each indemnified party from and against any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense by reason of such settlement or judgment. No indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim.
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(e) If for any reason the foregoing indemnity is unavailable, unenforceable or is insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under Sections 2.9(a), (b) or (c), then each applicable indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable to such indemnified party as a result of any Claim in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party, on the one hand, and the indemnified party, on the other hand, with respect to such Claim. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the indemnifying party or the indemnified party and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such untrue statement or omission. If, however, the allocation provided in the second preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative faults but also the relative benefits of the indemnifying party and the indemnified party as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if any contribution pursuant to this Section 2.9(e) were to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the preceding sentences of this Section 2.9(e). The amount paid or payable in respect of any Claim shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such Claim. No Person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any Person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 2.9(e) to the contrary, no indemnifying party (other than the Company) shall be required pursuant to this Section 2.9(e) to contribute any amount greater than the amount of the net proceeds received by such indemnifying party from the sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to the registration statement giving rise to such Claim, less the amount of any indemnification payment made by such indemnifying party pursuant to Sections 2.9(b) and (c). In addition, no Holder of Registrable Securities or any Affiliate thereof shall be required to pay any amount under this Section 2.9(e) unless such Person or entity would have been required to pay an amount pursuant to Section 2.9(b) if it had been applicable in accordance with its terms.
(f) The indemnity and contribution agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any other rights to indemnification or contribution which any indemnified party may have pursuant to law or contract and shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made or omitted by or on behalf of any indemnified party and shall survive the transfer of the Registrable Securities by any such party.
(g) The indemnification and contribution required by this Section 2.9 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or expense, loss, damage or liability is incurred.
2.10. No Inconsistent Agreements. The Company shall not enter into any agreement with respect to its securities that materially and adversely impairs the rights of the Holders under this Agreement, taken as a whole, without the consent required under Section 4.4. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company retains the right to grant registration rights to future investors, lenders, strategic partners or other Persons in connection with “PIPEs,” financing transactions, acquisition-related transactions or other strategic arrangements, provided that such rights do not materially and adversely impair the rights of the Holders under this Agreement, taken as a whole.
Section 3. Underwritten Offerings.
3.1. Requested Underwritten Offerings. If requested by the underwriters for any underwritten offering pursuant to a registration requested under Section 2.1, the Company shall enter into a customary underwriting agreement with the underwriters. Such underwriting agreement shall (i) be satisfactory in form and substance to the Initiating Holders and the Majority Participating Holders, (ii) contain terms not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement and (iii) contain such representations and warranties by, and such other agreements on the part of, the Company and such other terms as are generally prevailing in agreements of that type, including indemnities and contribution agreements on substantially the same terms as those contained herein or as otherwise customary for the lead underwriter. The Company shall determine the terms of any underwriting agreement in consultation with the underwriters and the Initiating Holders. Every Participating Holder shall be a party to such underwriting agreement. Each Participating Holder shall not be required to make any representations or warranties to or agreements with the Company or the underwriters other than customary representations of a selling shareholder, including representations, warranties or agreements regarding its ownership of and title to the Registrable Securities, any written information specifically provided by such Participating Holder for inclusion in the registration statement and its intended method of distribution; and any liability of such Participating Holder to any underwriter or other Person under such underwriting agreement for indemnity, contribution or otherwise shall in no case be greater than the amount of the net proceeds received by such Participating Holder upon the sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to such registration statement and in no event shall relate to anything other than information about such Holder specifically provided by such Holder for use in the registration statement and prospectus. Each Participating Holder may be required to execute customary lock-up agreements, custody agreements, powers of attorney and related selling shareholder documents as are customary for the applicable transaction type and consistent with the terms of this Agreement.
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3.2. Piggyback Underwritten Offerings. In the case of a registration pursuant to Section 2.2, if the Company shall have determined to enter into an underwriting agreement in connection therewith, all of the Participating Holders’ Registrable Securities to be included in such registration shall be subject to such underwriting agreement. The Company and the managing underwriter shall control the structure, timing and terms of the offering, subject to the rights of Holders expressly set forth in this Agreement. Each such Participating Holder shall not be required to make any representations or warranties to or agreements with the Company or the underwriters other than customary representations of a selling shareholder, including representations, warranties or agreements regarding its ownership of and title to the Registrable Securities, any written information specifically provided by such Participating Holder for inclusion in the registration statement and its intended method of distribution; and any liability of such Participating Holder to any underwriter or other Person under such underwriting agreement shall in no case be greater than the amount of the net proceeds received by such Participating Holder upon the sale of Registrable Securities pursuant to such registration statement and in no event shall relate to anything other than information about such Holder specifically provided by such Holder for use in the registration statement and prospectus. Each Participating Holder may be required to execute customary lock-up agreements, custody agreements, powers of attorney and related selling shareholder documents as are customary for the applicable transaction type and consistent with the terms of this Agreement.
Section 4. General.
4.1. Adjustments Affecting Registrable Securities. The provisions of this Agreement shall apply, to the full extent set forth herein with respect to the Registrable Securities, to any and all shares of capital stock of the Company, any successor or assign of the Company (whether by merger, share exchange, consolidation, sale of assets or otherwise) or any Subsidiary or parent company of the Company which may be issued in respect of, in exchange for or in substitution of, Registrable Securities and shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividends, splits, reverse splits, combinations, recapitalizations and the like occurring after the date hereof.
4.2. Rule 144. The Company covenants that (i) so long as it remains subject to the reporting provisions of the Exchange Act, it will use commercially reasonable efforts to file the reports required to be filed by it under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (including, but not limited to, the reports under Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act referred to in subparagraph (c)(1)(i) of Rule 144 under the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended (“Rule 144”)) or, if the Company is not required to file such reports, it will, upon the request of any Holder, make publicly available other information so long as necessary to permit sales by such Holder under Rule 144, or any similar rules or regulations hereafter adopted by the SEC, and (ii) it will take such further action as any Holder may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such Holder to sell Registrable Securities without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by Rule 144, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC. Upon the request of any Holder of Registrable Securities, the Company will promptly deliver to such Holder a written statement as to whether it has complied with such requirements.
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4.3. Nominees for Beneficial Owners. If Registrable Securities are held by a nominee for the beneficial owner thereof, the beneficial owner thereof may, at its option, be treated as the Holder of such Registrable Securities for purposes of any request or other action by any Holder or Holders of Registrable Securities pursuant to this Agreement (or any determination of any number or percentage of shares constituting Registrable Securities held by any Holder or Holders of Registrable Securities contemplated by this Agreement); provided, however, that the Company shall have received evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of such beneficial ownership.
4.4. Amendments and Waivers. Upon the written consent of the Company and Holders of at least a majority in interest of the Registrable Securities held by all Holders at the time in question, compliance with any of the provisions, covenants and conditions set forth in this Agreement may be waived, or any of such provisions, covenants or conditions may be amended or modified; provided, however, that: (i) any amendment or waiver that disproportionately and adversely affects the Sponsor Holders as a group relative to the other Holders shall require the consent of Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities held by the Sponsor Holders at the time in question; (ii) any amendment or waiver that disproportionately and adversely affects the Other Holders as a group relative to the other Holders shall require the consent of Holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities held by the Other Holders as a group at the time in question; (iii) any amendment or waiver that disproportionately and adversely affects one Holder or group of affiliated Holders, solely in its capacity as a holder of shares of capital stock of the Company, in a manner that is materially different from the other Holders shall require the consent of such Holder or group of affiliated Holders so affected; and (iv) the Company may make technical, ministerial, conforming or immaterial amendments to this Agreement without the consent of any Holder; provided that the Company provides written notice of any such amendment to all Holders within ten (10) Business Days of making such amendment.
4.5. Notices. All notices, demands and other communications to be given or delivered under or by reason of the provisions of this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given (i) if personally delivered, on the date of delivery, (ii) if delivered by express courier service of national standing (with charges prepaid), on the Business Day following the date of delivery to such courier service, (iii) if deposited in the United States mail, first-class postage prepaid, on the fifth (5th) Business Day following the date of such deposit, (iv) if delivered by facsimile transmission, upon confirmation of successful transmission, (x) on the date of such transmission, if such transmission is completed at or prior to 5:00 p.m., local time of the recipient party on a Business Day, and (y) on the next Business Day following the date of transmission, if such transmission is completed after 5:00 p.m., local time of the recipient party, or is transmitted on a day that is not a Business Day, or (v) if via e-mail communication, on the date of delivery. All notices, demands and other communications hereunder shall be delivered as set forth below and to any subsequent holder of Stock subject to this Agreement at such address as indicated by the Company’s records, or pursuant to such other instructions as may be designated in writing by the party to receive such notice:
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if to the Company, to:
c/o newcleo plc
55 South Audley Street
London, W1K 2QH
Attention: Khalil Bukhari, General Counsel
Email: khalil.bukhari@newcleo.com
with a copy (not to constitute notice) to:
Davis Polk & Wardwell
LLP
450 Lexington Avenue
New York, NY 10017
Attention: Yasin Keshvargar
Email: yasin.keshvargar@davispolk.com
if to any Holder, to the address set forth opposite the name of such Holder on the signature pages hereto or such other address indicated in the records of the Company.
4.6. Successors and Assigns; Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties hereto and the respective successors, permitted assigns, heirs and personal representatives of the parties hereto, whether so expressed or not (including any Permitted Transferees). This Agreement may not be assigned by the Company without the prior written consent of the Holders. No Holder shall have the right to assign all or part of its or his rights and obligations under this Agreement to any Person, other than to a Permitted Transferee of such Holder, without the consent of the Company and unless such Person duly executes and delivers to the Company a Joinder Agreement. No assignment of rights under this Agreement shall be effective until the applicable Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the transferee and reflected in the Company's records. Rights under this Agreement may only be transferred in connection with, and as an incident to, a bona fide transfer of the underlying Registrable Securities to the applicable transferee, and may not be transferred independently of such underlying securities. No fragmentation or partial assignment of rights shall be permitted in a manner that unreasonably increases the administrative burden on the Company. Upon any such assignment, such assignee shall have and be able to exercise and enforce all rights of the assigning Holder which are assigned to it and, to the extent such rights are assigned, any reference to the assigning Holder shall be treated as a reference to the assignee. If any Holder shall acquire additional Registrable Securities, such Registrable Securities shall be subject to all of the terms, and entitled to all the benefits, of this Agreement. Additional Persons may become parties to this Agreement as Holders with the consent of the Company (not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed), by executing and delivering to the Company the Joinder Agreement. Prior to the expiration of an applicable lock-up period, no Holder may assign or delegate such Holder’s rights, duties or obligations under this Agreement, in whole or in part, except in connection with a transfer of Registrable Securities by such Holder to a Permitted Transferee but only if such Permitted Transferee executes and delivers to the Company the Joinder Agreement.
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4.7. Termination.
(a) The obligations of the Company and a Holder under this Agreement, in each case solely with respect to such Holder, will terminate upon the earlier of:
(i) the date on which such Holder no longer holds any Registrable Securities; or
(ii) the later of (A) the date on which such Holder no longer beneficially owns at least 1% of the then outstanding Ordinary Shares or Ordinary Share Equivalents, and such Holder (notwithstanding any beneficial ownership of Ordinary Shares or Ordinary Share Equivalents by such Holder) is not an Affiliate of the Company and (B) the date on which such Holder is eligible to sell its Registrable Securities pursuant to Rule 144 without limitation as to volume or manner of sale (regardless of whether such Holder has actually disposed of such securities).
(b) This Agreement shall terminate on the date that is five (5) years from date hereof.
(c) Notwithstanding clauses (a) and (b) above, Section 2.5, Section 2.9, Section 4.9 and Section 4.13 shall survive termination of this Agreement.
4.8. Entire Agreement. This Agreement and the other documents referred to herein or delivered pursuant hereto which form part hereof constitute the entire agreement and understanding between the parties hereto and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof.
4.9. Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Waiver of Jury Trial.
(a) This Agreement will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to the principles of conflict of laws thereof.
(b) Any suit, action or proceeding seeking to enforce any provision of, or based on any matter arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement may be brought against any of the parties in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York or any New York state court located in New York, New York, and each of the parties hereby consents to the exclusive jurisdiction of such court (and of the appropriate appellate courts) in any such suit, action or proceeding and waives any objection to venue laid therein. Process in any such suit, action or proceeding may be served on any party anywhere in the world, whether within or without the jurisdiction of any such court. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT.
4.10. Interpretation; Construction.
(a) The table of contents and headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only, do not constitute part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or otherwise affect any of the provisions hereof. Where a reference in this Agreement is made to a Section, such reference shall be to a Section of this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. Whenever the words “include,” “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation.”
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(b) The parties have participated jointly in negotiating and drafting this Agreement. In the event that an ambiguity or a question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
4.11. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed and delivered in any number of separate counterparts (including by facsimile or electronic mail), each of which shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement.
4.12. Severability. The provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed severable and the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions hereof. If any provision of this Agreement, or the application thereof to any person or any circumstance, is invalid or unenforceable, (a) a suitable and equitable provision shall be substituted therefor in order to carry out, so far as may be valid and enforceable, the intent and purpose of such invalid or unenforceable provision and (b) the remainder of this Agreement and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such invalidity or unenforceability, nor shall such invalidity or unenforceability affect the validity or enforceability of such provision, or the application thereof, in any other jurisdiction.
4.13. Further Assurances. Each party hereto shall do and perform or cause to be done and performed all such further acts and things and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments, and documents as any other party hereto reasonably may request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
4.14. Confidentiality. Each Holder agrees that any non-public information which they may receive relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries (the “Confidential Information”) including notices of proposed offerings or any suspension thereof will be held strictly confidential and will not be disclosed by it to any Person without the express written permission of the Company; provided, however, that the Confidential Information may be disclosed (i) in the event of any compulsory legal process or compliance with any applicable law, subpoena or other legal process, as required by an administrative requirement, order, decree or the rules of any relevant stock exchange or in connection with any filings that the Holder may be required to make with any regulatory authority; provided, further, that in the event of compulsory legal process, unless prohibited by applicable law or that process, each Holder agrees (A) to give the Company prompt notice thereof and to cooperate with the Company in securing a protective order in the event of compulsory disclosure and (B) that any disclosure made pursuant to public filings will be subject to the prior reasonable review of the Company, (ii) to any foreign or domestic governmental or quasi-governmental regulatory authority, including any stock exchange or other self-regulatory organization having jurisdiction over such party, (iii) to each Holder’s or its Affiliate’s, officers, directors, employees, partners, accountants, lawyers and other professional advisors for use relating solely to management of the investment or administrative purposes with respect to such Holder and (iv) to a proposed transferee of securities of the Company held by a Holder; provided, however, that the Holder informs the proposed transferee of the confidential nature of the information and the proposed transferee executes and delivers to the Company a written confidentiality undertaking in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Company prior to receiving any Confidential Information . Each Holder agrees not to use any Confidential Information for the purpose of trading in the securities of the Company or for any purpose other than evaluating and managing its investment in the Company. The Company shall be entitled to seek injunctive relief and other equitable remedies in the event of any breach or threatened breach of this Section 4.14, without the requirement of posting any bond or other security.
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4.15. Opt-Out Requests. Each Holder shall have the right, at any time and from time to time (including after receiving information regarding any potential public offering), to elect to not receive any notice that the Company or any other Holders otherwise are required to deliver pursuant to this Agreement by delivering to the Company a written statement signed by such Holder that it does not want to receive any notices hereunder (an “Opt-Out Request”); in which case and notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement the Company and other Holders shall not be required to, and shall not, deliver any notice or other information required to be provided to Holders hereunder to the extent that the Company or such other Holders reasonably expect would result in a Holder acquiring material non-public information within the meaning of Regulation FD promulgated under the Exchange Act. An Opt-Out Request may state a date on which it expires or, if no such date is specified, shall remain in effect indefinitely. A Holder who previously has given the Company an Opt-Out Request may revoke such request at any time, and there shall be no limit on the ability of a Holder to issue and revoke subsequent Opt-Out Requests; provided that each Holder shall use commercially reasonable efforts to minimize the administrative burden on the Company arising in connection with any such Opt-Out Requests. The Company may rely conclusively on the latest Opt-Out Request received from a Holder until such Opt-Out Request is revoked in writing by such Holder.
4.16. Original Registration Rights Agreement. The Sponsor hereby agrees that upon execution of this Agreement by the Sponsor, the Original Registration Rights Agreement shall be automatically terminated and superseded in its entirety by this Agreement.
[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have duly executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.
| PUBCO: | |||
| newcleo plc, | |||
| a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales | |||
| By: | |||
| Name: | |||
| Title: | |||
| SPAC: | |||
| NewHold Investment Corp III, | |||
| a Cayman Islands exempted company | |||
| By: | |||
| Name: | |||
| Title: | |||
[Signature Page to Amended and Registration Rights Agreement]
| HOLDERS | |||
| NewHold Industrial Technology III LLC, | |||
| a Delaware limited liability company | |||
| By: | |||
| Name: | |||
| Title: | |||
| OTHER HOLDERS | |||
| [OTHER HOLDERS] | |||
[Signature Page to Amended and Registration Rights Agreement]
Exhibit A
JOINDER AGREEMENT
This Joinder Agreement (this “Joinder Agreement”) is made as of [ ], by [and among [ ] (the “Transferring Holder”) and] [ ] (the “New Holder”), in accordance with that certain Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of [ ], 2026 (as amended from time to time, the “Agreement”), by and among newcleo plc, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “Company”) and the other Holders party thereto.
WHEREAS, the Agreement requires the New Holder to become a party to the Agreement by executing this Joinder Agreement, and upon the New Holder signing this Joinder Agreement, the Agreement will be deemed to be amended to include the New Holder as a Holder thereunder;
WHEREAS, the Company has reviewed the proposed transfer and joinder and has determined that such transfer complies with the requirements of the Agreement;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, and of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
Section 1. Party to the Agreement. By execution of this Joinder Agreement, as of the date hereof the New Holder is hereby made a party to the Agreement as a Holder. The New Holder hereby agrees to become a party to the Agreement and to be bound by, and subject to, all of the representations, covenants, terms and conditions of the Agreement in the same manner as if the New Holder were an original signatory to the Agreement. Execution and delivery of this Joinder Agreement by the New Holder shall also constitute execution and delivery by the New Holder of the Agreement, without further action of any party.
Section 2. Defined Terms. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Agreement unless otherwise noted.
Section 3. Representations and Warranties of the New Holder.
3.1. Authorization. The New Holder has all requisite power and authority and has taken all action necessary in order to duly and validly approve the New Holder’s execution and delivery of, and performance of its obligations under, this Joinder Agreement. This Joinder Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the New Holder and constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of the New Holder, enforceable against the New Holder in accordance with its terms.
3.2. No Conflict. The New Holder is not under any obligation or restriction, nor shall it assume any such obligation or restriction, that does or would materially interfere or conflict with the performance of its obligations under this Joinder Agreement.
Exhibit A-1
Section 4. Further Assurances. The parties agree to execute and deliver any further instruments or perform any acts which are or may become necessary to effectuate the purposes of this Joinder Agreement.
Section 5. Governing Law. This Joinder Agreement will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to the principles of conflict of laws thereof.
Section 6. Counterparts. This Joinder Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts (including by facsimile or electronic mail), all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same amendatory instrument.
Section 7. Entire Agreement. This Joinder Agreement and the Agreement contain the entire understanding, whether oral or written, of the parties hereto with respect to the matters covered hereby. Any amendment or change in this Joinder Agreement shall not be valid unless made in writing and signed by each of the parties hereto.
[Signature pages follow]
Exhibit A-1
Exhibit A
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, intending to be legally bound hereby, the undersigned parties have executed this Joinder Agreement as of the date first above written.
| [TRANSFERRING HOLDER] | |||
| [ _____] | |||
| By: | |||
| Name: | |||
| Title: | |||
| NEW HOLDER | |||
| [ _____] | |||
| By: | |||
| Name: | |||
| Title: | |||
| Notice Address: [ ] | |||
| [ _____] | |||
| [ _____] | |||
| Attn: [ ] | |||
| Facsimile: [ ] | |||
Accepted and Agreed to as
of
the date first written above:
PUBCO:
newcleo plc
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: |
Exhibit A-2
