Vir Biotechnology plans common stock offering

Available on EDGAR 11/12/2026 - 04:17 PM EST Accepted by SEC EDGAR 11/12/2026 - 04:16 PM EST Learn about SEC filing dates

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Vir Biotechnology, Inc. is conducting a preliminary primary offering of common stock. It intends to use the net proceeds, together with existing cash, cash equivalents and investments, for pre-commercial activities for its chronic hepatitis delta program, investments in its T-cell engager oncology platform and programs, and general corporate purposes.

Filing Explained

This preliminary offering is not yet priced or sized: the per-share price and share count are blank, and the underwriters’ purchase agreement remains subject to conditions. If completed, issuing new shares would reduce existing holders’ percentage ownership, but the filing does not establish the amount of that dilution.

Key Figures

Cash, cash equivalents and investments: Approximately $901.3 million Collaboration funds received: $90 million Last reported sale price: $13.13 per share +5 more

8 metrics

Cash, cash equivalents and investments Approximately $901.3 million As of September 30, 2026; excludes $90 million received from a previously announced collaboration in October 2026.

Collaboration funds received $90 million Received in October 2026; excluded from the September 30, 2026 cash, cash equivalents and investments figure.

Last reported sale price $13.13 per share November 11, 2026.

Common shares outstanding 169,414,129 shares As of September 30, 2026; outstanding-share baseline, not the offering amount.

ECLIPSE 1 primary endpoint response rate 44% Week 48; elebsiran plus tobevibart group, compared with 0% in the delayed treatment group at Week 12.

ECLIPSE 1 key secondary endpoint response rate 79% Undetectable virus at Week 48, compared with 0% in the delayed treatment group.

SOLSTICE patients with undetectable viremia 100% (28/28) Patients who completed Week 96 of combination therapy.

SOLSTICE patients with improved or stable liver stiffness 89% (24/27) Among patients with paired liver stiffness measurements at Week 96.

Key Terms

hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA target not detected (TND), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, treatment-related adverse event (TRAE), sustained viral response (SVR), +2 more

6 terms

hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA target not detected (TND) medical

"hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA target not detected (TND)"

alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization medical

"alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization at Week 48"

treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) medical

"one Grade 3 treatment-related adverse event (TRAE)"

A treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) is an unwanted medical problem or side effect that doctors or trial investigators judge to be caused by a drug or other therapy. For investors, TRAEs matter because they shape a treatment’s safety record and can affect regulatory approval, trial continuation, market acceptance, and potential costs or liability — think of it like a product defect that can trigger recalls, warnings, or lost sales.

sustained viral response (SVR) medical

"followed to assess for sustained viral response (SVR)"

net tangible book value financial

"our historical net tangible book value was approximately $871.5 million"

Net tangible book value is the per-share value of a company if you take all its physical assets and cash, subtract what it owes, and ignore intangible items like patents or brand names. Think of it like the cash you’d split among owners if a business sold its furniture and buildings but not its reputation. Investors use it as a conservative benchmark to judge whether a stock is cheaply priced relative to hard, sellable assets.

dual-masked T-cell engagers (TCEs) technical

"multiple PRO-XTEN® dual-masked T-cell engagers (TCEs)"

Offering Details

primary

Offering

Offering Type primary

Securities Offered Common stock

Use of Proceeds Pre-commercial activities for the chronic hepatitis delta program, investments in the T-cell engager oncology platform and programs, and general corporate purposes.

AI-generated analysis. How Rhea-AI works. Not financial advice.

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Table of Contents

Filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-299995

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus is not complete and may be changed. A registration statement relating to these securities has become effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. This preliminary prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus are not an offer to sell these securities and are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion, dated November 12, 2026

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(To Prospectus dated November 12, 2026)

Shares of Common Stock

We are offering        shares of our common stock. The public offering price for each share of common stock is $   .

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market (Nasdaq) under the symbol “VIR.” On November 11, 2026, the last reported sale price of our common stock on Nasdaq was $13.13 per share.

		Per Share				Total
Public offering price		$				$
Underwriting discounts and commissions(1)		$				$
Proceeds, before expenses, to us		$				$

(1) See “Underwriting” for a description of the compensation payable to the underwriters.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “RISK FACTORS” beginning on page S-8 of this prospectus supplement, and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus supplement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

We have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days to purchase up to        additional shares of common stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions.

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares against payment in New York, New York, on or about November , 2026.

Leerink Partners Morgan Stanley Evercore ISI

Raymond James

Prospectus supplement dated November  , 2026.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prospectus Supplement

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT			S-1
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS			S-2
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY			S-3
RISK FACTORS			S-8
USE OF PROCEEDS			S-12
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA			S-13
DIVIDEND POLICY			S-14
DILUTION			S-15
MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF OUR COMMON STOCK			S-17
UNDERWRITING			S-22
LEGAL MATTERS			S-26
EXPERTS			S-26
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION			S-26
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE			S-26

Prospectus

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS			1
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION			2
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE			3
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS			4
RISK FACTORS			5
VIR BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.			6
USE OF PROCEEDS			7
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES			8
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK			18
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS			23
FORMS OF SECURITIES			25
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION			27
LEGAL MATTERS			30
EXPERTS			30

Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or in any free writing prospectuses prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. Neither we nor the underwriters take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. This prospectus supplement is an offer to sell only the shares offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The distribution of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus and the offering of the common stock in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. The information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or in any applicable free writing prospectus is current only as of its date, regardless of its time of delivery or any sale of shares of our common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date. You should read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, and any free writing prospectus that we authorize for use in connection with this offering, in their entirety before making an investment decision.

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For investors outside the United States: Neither we nor the underwriters have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any free writing prospectus we may provide to you in connection with this offering in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. You are required to inform yourselves about and to observe any restrictions relating to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any such free writing prospectus outside the United States.

Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Vir Biotechnology,” “Vir Bio,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar references in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus refer to Vir Biotechnology, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering of shares of our common stock and also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus. The second part, the accompanying base prospectus, gives more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. You should read both this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus before deciding to invest in our common stock.

Before buying any of the common stock that we are offering, we urge you to carefully read this prospectus supplement, together with the accompanying base prospectus and the information incorporated by reference as described under the headings “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” in this prospectus supplement. These documents contain important information that you should consider when making your investment decision.

This prospectus supplement contains or incorporates by reference summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but all such summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been or will be filed or have been or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement, together with the accompanying base prospectus, forms a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described in this prospectus supplement under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

This prospectus supplement describes the terms of this offering of common stock and also adds to and updates information contained in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus supplement, on the one hand, and the information contained in any document incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) before the date of this prospectus supplement, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date (for example, a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement) the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.

We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any document that is incorporated by reference herein were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the information incorporated by reference herein and therein, as well as any related free writing prospectus that we authorize in connection with this offering, contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the information incorporated by reference herein and therein are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements relating to: the offering under this prospectus; the net proceeds from such offering and our anticipated use of such proceeds; our strategy and future financial condition; our ability to fund our currently planned and future operations; our research and development activities and the potential of, and our expectations for, our pipeline and technology platforms; the timing, potential of and expectations for our ongoing and planned preclinical and clinical studies; the timing and likelihood of regulatory filings and potential approvals for our product candidates; our ability to commercialize our product candidates, should they ultimately receive regulatory approval; the potential benefits of collaborations and in-licensing and out-licensing arrangements; projected costs, prospects, plans, objectives of management, expected market size and growth for our product candidates; the timing of availability of clinical data, program updates, data disclosures, including any results from the clinical trials involving our product candidates; and our plans for our portfolio of masked T-cell engagers, hepatitis delta virus and other programs. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “due,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “might”, “objective,” “plan,” “positioned,” “potential,” “predict,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and other similar expressions that are predictions of or indicate future events and future trends, or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions referenced in the section of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus described in the sections titled “Risk Factors”. Other sections of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated herein and therein may include additional factors that could harm our business and financial performance. Drug development and commercialization involve a high degree of risk, and only a small number of research and development programs result in commercialization of a product. Results in early-stage clinical studies may not be indicative of full results or results from later stage or larger scale clinical studies and do not ensure regulatory approval. You should not place undue reliance on these statements, or the scientific data presented. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in, or implied by, any forward-looking statements.

In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that we have a reasonable basis for each forward-looking statement contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus and the information incorporated by reference herein and therein, we cannot guarantee that the future results, levels of activity, performance or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur at all. Furthermore, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. You should also carefully review the risk factors and cautionary statements described in the other documents we file from time to time with the SEC, specifically our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our Current Reports on Form 8-K. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY

This summary contains a general summary of the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus. The summary may not contain all of the information that is important to you, and it is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus. You should carefully consider the information included in and incorporated by reference in the entire prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus, including the information set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement, any free writing prospectus we authorize in connection with this offering and the information that we incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, including the section titled “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and subsequent filings with the SEC.

Company Overview

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on powering the immune system to transform lives by discovering and developing medicines for serious infectious diseases and cancer. At Vir Bio, we have a bold vision – powering the immune system to transform lives. Our clinical-stage portfolio includes programs for chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) and multiple PRO-XTEN^® dual-masked T-cell engagers (TCEs) across validated targets in solid tumor indications. We also have a preclinical portfolio of programs across a range of oncologic malignancies.

In CHD, our ECLIPSE registrational program is fully underway with all three trials initiated. In November 2026, we announced positive topline results from our pivotal Phase 3 ECLIPSE 1 trial, which met its primary and key secondary endpoints. Topline data from ECLIPSE 2 and ECLIPSE 3 are expected in the first quarter of 2027. If the ECLIPSE program ultimately supports regulatory approval and subsequent commercial launch, we believe the combination of elebsiran and tobevibart has the potential to be a new standard of care for CHD patients, for whom approved treatment options are either limited or unavailable. In oncology, we are advancing Phase 1 clinical studies for our PRO-XTEN^® dual-masked TCEs: VIR-5500/ASP6958, our PSMA-targeted TCE being developed in collaboration with Astellas, which has achieved proof of concept and received U.S. Food and Drug Administration Fast Track designation for the treatment of late-line metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), with multiple pivotal trials expected to begin in 2027; VIR-5818 in patients with HER2-expressing tumors; and VIR-5525 in patients with EGFR-expressing tumors. In addition, we are developing therapeutic candidates in HIV cure and other solid tumors, leveraging our expertise and platform strengths, and we have made available for external partnerships our next-generation preclinical influenza A and B antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates. We have in the past sought, and continue to seek, to partner, license, sell or otherwise enter into strategic transactions with respect to certain of our product candidates, including transactions that could result in third parties assuming responsibility for their commercialization.

We have an industry-leading management team and board of directors with significant immunology, infectious diseases, and oncology experience, including a proven track record of progressing product candidates from early-stage research through clinical development, and worldwide regulatory approval and commercialization experience. Given the global impact of infectious diseases and cancer, we are committed to developing transformative therapies that can make a meaningful difference in patients’ lives.

PRO-XTEN^® is a trademark of Amunix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Sanofi company.

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Recent Developments

ECLIPSE 1 TLR

Certain data from the ongoing Phase 3 ECLIPSE 1 clinical trial, including the ECLIPSE 1 TLR, were presented in an oral session at the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) The Liver Meeting^®, in Denver, Colorado on November 8, 2026.

ECLIPSE 1 enrolled a total of 124 patients, randomized 2:1, to receive monthly subcutaneous elebsiran and tobevibart or delayed treatment, with the delayed treatment group initiating therapy at Week 12. The trial enrolled a broad and diverse CHD population across multiple countries and included patients with advanced disease.

The trial’s primary endpoint was met, with a 44% response rate in patients receiving elebsiran and tobevibart achieving undetectable virus as defined by hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA target not detected (TND) plus alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization at Week 48, compared with 0% in the delayed treatment group at Week 12 (p<0.0001).

The trial also met its key secondary endpoint, with a 79% response rate in patients achieving undetectable virus at Week 48 versus 0% in the delayed treatment group. Undetectable virus was observed across patients regardless of cirrhosis status, with HDV RNA TND achieved in 85% of cirrhotic patients (n=46) and 73% of non-cirrhotic patients (n=37). Topline data are summarized in the below table, “Phase 3 Efficacy Endpoints.”

The regimen was well-tolerated with a favorable safety profile. There was one Grade 3 treatment-related adverse event (TRAE; neutrophil count decrease, which resolved in 15 days) and no treatment interruptions or discontinuations. Most TRAEs were mild to moderate and transient. The most common TRAE was flu-like symptoms, which predominantly occurred at first dose with the majority resolved within 24 to 48 hours.

Phase 3 Efficacy Endpoints

Endpoint		Week 48				Week 12
		Elebsiran + Tobevibart once every four weeks (Q4W) (N=83)				Delayed Treatment Arm (N=41)
Primary Endpoint
Undetectable virus (HDV RNA TND) + ALT normalization			44%				0%
P-value			<0.0001				<0.0001
Key Secondary Endpoint
Undetectable virus (HDV RNA TND)			79%				0%
P-value			<0.0001				<0.0001
Virologic Response
HDV RNA TND or HDV RNA ≥2 log10 reduction			100%				0%
ALT Normalization			53%				5%
HBV Surface Antigen (HBsAg) <10 IU/mL (Exploratory)			95%				0%

SOLSTICE Update – Expanded Week 96 Data

Certain data from the ongoing Phase 2 SOLSTICE study, which includes portions of the SOLSTICE Update, were presented in a late-breaking oral session at AASLD in Denver, Colorado on November 8, 2026.

Additional Week 96 data from the Phase 2 SOLSTICE trial show that treatment with elebsiran and tobevibart drove rapid HDV RNA suppression, with 100% (28/28) of patients who completed Week 96 of combination therapy reaching undetectable viremia.

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Deep virologic response to undetectable levels was accompanied by encouraging findings across measures of liver health. Among patients with paired liver stiffness measurements, 89% (24/27) had improved or stable liver stiffness at Week 96. Liver stiffness is a noninvasive measure associated with liver inflammation and fibrosis, and its improvement or stabilization alongside sustained HDV RNA suppression provides additional insight into the potential impact of treatment on the underlying liver disease.

With extended follow-up, the regimen continued to be generally well-tolerated. Adverse events were mild to moderate with no study drug-related discontinuations or serious adverse events.

SOLSTICE Update – Exploratory Analysis of Finite Treatment

Beyond the expanded SOLSTICE data presented at AASLD, new and early exploratory analyses, which includes portions of the SOLSTICE Update, suggest curative potential of the regimen. The SOLSTICE trial design allows for exploration of the durability of profound viral suppression following treatment discontinuation. Patients who achieve and maintain undetectable virus for at least 96 weeks are eligible to discontinue elebsiran and tobevibart treatment and are followed to assess for sustained viral response (SVR). SVRx is defined at the number of weeks (x) after last dose.

Ten patients, 7 of whom are cirrhotic, chose to discontinue treatment, with follow-up assessment ranging from 12 to 48 weeks as of the data cutoff. All 10 patients achieved SVR12. Among those reaching later follow-up timepoints, 7 achieved SVR24 and 1 achieved SVR48. All 10 patients maintained stable ALT levels following treatment discontinuation with no viral rebound or ALT flares observed in any of the patients. All 10 patients are continuing follow-up to later time points.

Considerations and Limitations of the Finite Treatment Data

The SOLSTICE data described in this prospectus supplement are preliminary and represent an interim snapshot of the first 10 patients who meet protocol-specified eligibility criteria and consent to treatment discontinuation. The finite treatment analysis is exploratory and is based on interim data that have not undergone a formal data cut. Accordingly, the participants and outcomes presented may not be representative of the broader SOLSTICE study population or of results that may be observed with additional participants or longer follow-up. Follow-up remains ongoing and incomplete, including with respect to potential delayed hepatic flares following treatment discontinuation, and safety data have not been fully assessed. The data remain subject to ongoing data review, cleaning and analysis and may change as the study continues. These data should not be interpreted as a complete assessment of the safety or efficacy of the investigational regimen or as establishing a sustained treatment-free response or cure.

Corporate Information

We were initially formed in April 2016 as Vir Biotechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation. Our principal executive offices are located at 1800 Owens Street, Suite 900, San Francisco, California 94158, and our telephone number is (415) 906-4324. Our website address is www.vir.bio. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated herein or a part of this prospectus supplement. Investors should not rely on any such information in deciding whether to purchase our common stock.

This prospectus supplement contains references to our trademarks and to trademarks belonging to other entities. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus supplement, including logos, artwork and other visual displays, may appear without the ^® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that their respective owners will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, their rights thereto. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names or trademarks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other companies.

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THE OFFERING

Issuer Vir Biotechnology, Inc.

Common stock offered by us     shares.

Option to purchase additional shares of our common stock The underwriters have an option to purchase up to an aggregate of     additional shares of common stock from us at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The underwriters can exercise this option at any time within 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement.

Common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering     shares outstanding or     shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full.

Use of proceeds We expect to receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately $   million (or approximately $   million if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and our estimated offering expenses.

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash, cash equivalents, and investments, to fund pre-commercial activities for our CHD program, investments in our TCE oncology platform and programs and general corporate purposes. See “Use of Proceeds” on page S-12 of this prospectus supplement.

Risk factors An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. See the information contained in or incorporated by reference under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement, as well as the other information included in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, for a discussion of risks you should carefully consider before investing in our common stock.

Nasdaq Global Select Market symbol “VIR”

The number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering is based on 169,414,129 shares of our common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2026 and excludes the following:

• 9,487,422 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of all stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2026, at a weighted-average exercise price of $17.30 per share;

• 6,417,276 shares of our common stock issuable upon vesting and settlement of restricted stock units (RSUs) outstanding as of September 30, 2026;

• 30,562,936 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under our 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2019 Plan) as of September 30, 2026, as well as any annual automatic increases in the number of shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under the 2019 Plan;

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• 8,491,464 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under our 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the ESPP) as of September 30, 2026, as well as any annual automatic increases in the number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP;

• 1,765,486 shares of our common stock issued to Gilead Sciences, Inc. pursuant to a stock purchase agreement in October 2026;

• 101,462 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of all stock options granted between October 1, 2026 and November 11, 2026, at a weighted-average exercise price of $10.75 per share; and

• 128,731 shares of our common stock issuable upon vesting and settlement of RSUs granted between October 1, 2026 and November 11, 2026.

Unless otherwise indicated, the information in this prospectus supplement assumes no exercise of outstanding stock options or vesting and settlement of the RSUs described above, and no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase     additional shares of our common stock from us in this offering.

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below in addition to the remainder of this prospectus supplement and the factors discussed in our public filings with the SEC, including any free writing prospectus we authorize in connection with this offering and the information provided under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and subsequent filings with the SEC, before making an investment decision. The risks and uncertainties described below and incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement are not the only ones related to our business, our common stock or this offering. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business operations, results of operations, financial condition or prospects. The risks discussed below include forward-looking statements and our actual results may differ substantially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. You should also review the section of this prospectus supplement under the caption “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Risks Related to this Offering

We may require substantial additional funding to finance our operations. If we are unable to raise capital when needed, we could be forced to delay, reduce or terminate certain of our development programs or other operations.

As of September 30, 2026, we had cash, cash equivalents and investments of approximately $901.3 million, excluding $90 million received from a previously announced collaboration in October 2026. Based upon our current operating plan, we believe that this amount will fund our current operating plans into the second half of 2028. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash, cash equivalents, and investments, to fund pre-commercial activities for our CHD program, investments in our TCE oncology platform and programs and general corporate purposes. The allocation of proceeds may vary depending on the progress of our clinical studies, potential business development opportunities, partnerships, licenses, sales or other strategic decisions, and other factors. We have estimated future use of proceeds upon assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. In any event, we will require additional funding to be able to fund our operations. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures will depend on numerous factors, and our operating plan may change as a result of many factors currently unknown to us, and we may need to seek additional financing to fund our long-term operations sooner than planned. In addition, because the design and outcome of our clinical studies are highly uncertain, we cannot reasonably estimate the actual amount of resources and funding that will be necessary to successfully complete the development and commercialization of our product candidates, if approved, or any future product candidates that we develop. The dynamic and rapidly evolving nature of our business also makes it difficult to estimate with certainty our future revenue and expenses after any such successful development and commercialization.

We expect to finance our cash needs through public or private equity or debt financings, third-party (including government) funding and marketing and distribution arrangements, as well as clinical trial financing and other collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements with other companies, or any combination of these approaches. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:

• the scope, timing, progress, results and costs of preclinical development, laboratory testing and clinical studies of our product candidates and of potential product candidates that we may pursue in the future;

• our ability to establish and maintain collaboration, license, grant and other similar arrangements, and the opt-in mechanisms contained in, and the financial terms of, any such arrangements, including timing and amount of any future milestones, royalty or other payments due thereunder;

• the costs, timing and outcome of regulatory reviews of our product candidates;

• the costs and timing of commercialization activities, including product manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution, for our product candidates for which we receive marketing approval;

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• the amount of revenue received from commercial sales of any product candidates for which we receive marketing approval;

• the costs and timing of preparing, filing and prosecuting patent applications, maintaining and enforcing our intellectual property rights and defending any intellectual property-related claims;

• any expenses needed to attract, hire and retain skilled personnel;

• the costs of operating as a public company; and

• the extent to which we acquire or in-license other companies’ product candidates and technologies.

General economic conditions, both inside and outside the United States, including capital market volatility, interest rate and currency rate fluctuations, and economic slowdown or recession, as well as geopolitical events, including civil or political unrest, terrorism, insurrection or war (such as the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East and Eastern Europe), and also investor concerns regarding the U.S. or international financial systems, have in the past resulted in, and may in the future cause, a significant disruption of financial markets. If the disruption persists and deepens, we could experience an inability to access additional capital or increased costs of financing through higher interest rates or costs or tighter financial and operating covenants, which could in the future negatively affect our capacity for certain corporate development transactions or our ability to make other important, opportunistic investments.

Adequate additional financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. If we are unable to raise capital when needed or on attractive terms, we could be forced to delay, reduce or altogether terminate our research and development programs or commercialization efforts, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. In addition, we may seek additional capital due to favorable market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans.

If you purchase shares of our common stock sold in this offering, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution in your investment.

The price per share of our common stock being offered will be higher than the net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common stock prior to this offering. Our net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2026 was approximately $5.14 per share. After giving effect to this offering at the public offering price of $     per share and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, you will experience immediate dilution of $     per share (or $     per share if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full) representing the difference between the offering price and our as adjusted net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2026. Furthermore, if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares, outstanding options are exercised or additional restricted stock units vest and settle or we raise additional capital, you could experience further dilution. For additional information on the dilution that you will experience immediately after this offering, see the section titled “Dilution” in this prospectus supplement.

We may issue additional equity or equity-linked securities in the future, which may result in additional dilution to you, and, as a result, our stock price may decline.

In addition to this offering, subject to market conditions and other factors, we may pursue additional equity financings in the future, including future public offerings or future private placements of equity securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for equity securities at prices that may be higher or lower than the price per share in this offering, and our then-existing stockholders may experience dilution and the new securities, such as debt securities or preferred stock, may have rights senior to those of our common stock offered in this offering. We also have a significant number of stock options to purchase common stock as well as RSUs outstanding, and we may in the future offer common stock under an at-the-market offering program from time to

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time. In the event that the outstanding stock options or RSUs are exercised or settled, that we execute sales under a future at-the-market offering program or that we make additional issuances of shares of common stock or other convertible or exchangeable securities, you could experience additional dilution. In addition, the market price of our common stock could fall as a result of resales of any of these shares of common stock due to an increased number of shares available for sale in the market.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could cause the market price of our common stock to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell shares, could reduce the market price of our common stock, impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities, and make it more difficult for our stockholders to sell their common stock at a time and price that they deem appropriate.

We and our executive officers and directors have agreed that, subject to certain exceptions, during the period ending 60 days after the date of this prospectus supplement, we and they will not offer, sell, dispose of or hedge any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of our common stock, subject to specified limited exceptions, without, in each case, the prior written consent of Leerink Partners LLC and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, who may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time without notice. Shares held by directors, executive officers and other affiliates will be subject to volume limitations under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, and various vesting agreements. Sales of a substantial number of such shares upon expiration of the lock-up and market stand-off agreements, the perception that such sales may occur or early release of these agreements, could cause our market price to fall or make it more difficult for you to sell your common stock at a time and price that you deem appropriate.

In addition, certain of our executive officers, directors and affiliated stockholders have entered or may enter into Rule 10b5-1 plans providing for sales of shares of our common stock from time to time. Under a Rule 10b5-1 plan, a broker executes trades pursuant to parameters established by the executive officer, director or affiliated stockholder when entering into the plan, without further direction from the executive officer, director or affiliated stockholder. A Rule 10b5-1 plan may be amended or terminated in some circumstances. Our executive officers, directors and affiliated stockholders also may buy or sell additional shares outside of a Rule 10b5-1 plan when they are not in possession of material, nonpublic information.

We have also filed a universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3ASR, which allows us to offer and sell an indeterminate amount of common stock, preferred stock or warrants, or debt securities, from time to time pursuant to one or more offerings at prices and terms to be determined at the time of the sale.

We also have filed registration statements on Forms S-8 to register shares of common stock that we may issue under our equity compensation plans. Shares registered under such registration statements are available for sale in the public market upon issuance, subject to volume limitations applicable to affiliates, vesting arrangements and exercise of options.

We have broad discretion over the use of our cash, cash equivalents and investments, including the net proceeds we receive in this offering, and may not use them effectively.

Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering and could spend the proceeds in ways that do not improve our results of operations or enhance the value of our common stock. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could result in financial losses that could have a material adverse effect on our business, cause the price of our common stock to decline and delay the development of our programs. Pending their use, we may invest our cash, cash equivalents and investments, including the net proceeds we receive in this offering, in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value. We intend to use the proceeds from this offering in the manner described in the section titled “Use of Proceeds.”

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The market price of our common stock has been, and in the future may be, volatile and fluctuate substantially, and you may not be able to resell your shares at or above the price you paid for them, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

Our stock price has been, and in the future, may be, subject to substantial volatility. Accordingly, our stockholders could incur substantial losses. As a result of the volatility in our stock price, you may not be able to resell your shares at or above the price you paid for them, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

The stock market in general and the market for biopharmaceutical and pharmaceutical companies in particular, has experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. Investor concerns regarding financial systems and general economic conditions, both inside and outside the United States, including capital markets volatility, interest rate and currency rate fluctuations, and economic slowdown or recession, as well as geopolitical events, man-made or natural disasters, or public health pandemics or epidemics, may impact the market price of our common stock and result in volatility. As a result of this volatility, you may not be able to sell your common stock at or above the price you paid for your shares. Market and industry factors may cause the market price and demand for our common stock to fluctuate substantially, regardless of our actual operating performance, which may limit or prevent investors from selling their shares at or above the price paid for the shares and may otherwise negatively affect the liquidity of our common stock.

Moreover, sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock by our stockholders in the public market or the perception that these sales might occur, have in the past, and may in the future depress the market price of our common stock. Information related to our research, development, manufacturing, regulatory and commercialization efforts with respect to any of our product candidates or information regarding such efforts by competitors with respect to their potential therapies, may also meaningfully impact our stock price.

Some companies that have experienced volatility in the trading price of their shares have been the subject of securities class action litigation. Any lawsuit to which we are a party, with or without merit, may result in an unfavorable judgment. We also may decide to settle lawsuits on unfavorable terms. Any such negative outcome could result in payments of substantial damages or fines, damage to our reputation or adverse changes to our business practices. Defending against litigation can be expensive and time-consuming and could divert resources and our management’s attention from our core business. Furthermore, during the course of litigation, there could be negative public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments, which could have a negative effect on the market price of our common stock.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock and, consequently, your ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our common stock.

You should not rely on an investment in our common stock to provide dividend income. We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain all of our future earnings, if any, to finance the growth and development of our business. In addition, the terms of any future debt agreements may preclude us from paying dividends. Therefore, the success of an investment in shares of our common stock will depend upon any future appreciation in their value.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of    shares of our common stock in this offering will be approximately $   million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses we expect to pay. If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full, we estimate that our net proceeds will be approximately $    million, after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses we expect to pay.

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash, cash equivalents, and investments, to fund pre-commercial activities for our CHD program, investments in our TCE oncology platform and programs and general corporate purposes. The allocation of proceeds may vary depending on the progress of our clinical studies, potential business development opportunities, partnerships, licenses, sales, or other strategic decisions, and other factors.

This expected use of the net proceeds from this offering represents our intentions based upon our current business plans and economic conditions. Either could change in the future as our business plans evolve and economic conditions shift. As of the date of this prospectus supplement, we cannot predict with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to be received upon the completion of this offering or the amounts that we will actually spend on the uses set forth above. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures and the extent of our commercial and preclinical, clinical and future development activities may vary significantly depending on numerous factors, including the progress of our commercialization and development efforts, the status of and results from our ongoing and planned clinical trials, the timing of regulatory submissions and the outcome of regulatory review, our ability to take advantage of expedited programs or to obtain regulatory approval for product candidates, the timing and costs associated with the manufacture and supply of product candidates for clinical development or products that we choose to commercialize, as well as any collaborations that we may enter into with third parties for our product candidates and any unforeseen cash needs. As a result, we may find it necessary or advisable to use the net proceeds for other purposes, and our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds.

As of September 30, 2026, we had approximately $901.3 million in cash, cash equivalents and investments. We have estimated future use of proceeds upon assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, and we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect. In any event, we will require additional funding to be able to fund our operations. We may satisfy our future cash needs through the sale of equity securities, debt financings, working capital lines of credit, corporate collaborations or license agreements, royalty-based financing arrangements, grant funding, interest income earned on invested cash balances or a combination of one or more of these sources.

The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures will depend on numerous factors, including the factors described under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, as well as the amount of cash used in our operations.

Pending the uses described above, we plan to invest the net proceeds from this offering in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing securities and U.S. government securities.

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MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA

Certain statistical and other industry and market data contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement were obtained from industry publications and research, surveys, and studies conducted by third parties as well as our own estimates of potential market opportunities. All of the market data contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement involves a number of assumptions and limitations, and you are cautioned not to give undue weight to such data. Industry publications and third-party research, surveys, and studies generally indicate that their information has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, although they do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. Our estimates of the potential market opportunities for our product candidates include several key assumptions based on our industry knowledge, industry publications, third-party research, and other surveys, which may be based on a small sample size and may fail to accurately reflect market opportunities. While we believe that our internal assumptions are reasonable, no independent source has verified such assumptions. The industry in which we operate is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement, and similar sections contained in the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein. These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties and by us.

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DIVIDEND POLICY

We currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, for use in operation of our business and to fund future growth. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Payment of cash dividends, if any, in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on then-existing conditions, including our financial condition, operating results, contractual restrictions, capital requirements, business prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant.

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DILUTION

If you invest in our common stock in this offering, your ownership interest will be immediately diluted to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per share of our common stock and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after the completion of this offering.

Historical net tangible book value per share represents our total tangible assets less our liabilities and preferred stock that is not included in equity divided by the total number of shares of common stock outstanding. As of September 30, 2026, our historical net tangible book value was approximately $871.5 million, or $5.14 per share of common stock, based on 169,414,129 shares of common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2026.

After giving effect to our sale in this offering of    shares of common stock at the public offering price of $    per share, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2026 would have been approximately $    million, or $    per share of our common stock. This amount represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $    per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $    per share to investors participating in this offering. Net tangible book value dilution per share to new investors participating in this offering represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of common stock in this offering and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of common stock immediately after completion of this offering.

Dilution per share to new investors purchasing our common stock is determined by subtracting as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering from the public offering price per share paid by new investors. The following table illustrates this dilution to new investors on a per share basis (without giving effect to any exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares):

Public offering price per share						$
Historical net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2026		$	5.14
Increase (decrease) in net tangible book value per share attributable to new investors in this offering		$
As adjusted net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2026, immediately after this offering
Dilution per share to new investors participating in this offering						$

If the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares in this offering is exercised in full, the as adjusted net tangible book value would be $    per share, the increase in the net tangible book value per share for existing stockholders would be $    per share and the dilution to new investors participating in this offering would be $    per share.

The foregoing tables and calculations are based on 169,414,129 shares of our common stock outstanding as of September 30, 2026, and unless otherwise indicated, exclude:

• 9,487,422 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of all stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2026, at a weighted-average exercise price of $17.30 per share;

• 6,417,276 shares of our common stock issuable upon vesting and settlement of RSUs outstanding as of September 30, 2026;

• 30,562,936 shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under the 2019 Plan as of September 30, 2026, as well as any annual automatic increases in the number of shares of our common stock reserved for future issuance under the 2019 Plan;

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• 8,491,464 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP as of September 30, 2026, as well as any annual automatic increases in the number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP;

• 1,765,486 shares of our common stock issued to Gilead Sciences, Inc. pursuant to a stock purchase agreement in October 2026;

• 101,462 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of all stock options granted between October 1, 2026 and November 11, 2026, at a weighted-average exercise price of $10.75 per share; and

• 128,731 shares of our common stock issuable upon vesting and settlement of RSUs granted between October 1, 2026 and November 11, 2026.

To the extent that outstanding options or RSUs are exercised or settled, you may experience further dilution. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that we raise additional capital by issuing equity or convertible debt securities, your ownership will be further diluted.

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MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS OF OUR COMMON STOCK

The following is a summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to the ownership and disposition of our common stock by a non-U.S. holder. For purposes of this discussion, the term “non-U.S. holder” means a beneficial owner (other than a partnership or other pass-through entity) of our common stock that is not, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

• an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

• a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;

• an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

• a trust if (1) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more “United States persons” (as defined in the Code) have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a “United States person” (as defined in the Code).

This discussion does not address the tax treatment of partnerships or other entities that are pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes or persons who hold their shares of our common stock through partnerships or such other pass-through entities. A partner in a partnership or other pass-through entity that will hold our common stock should consult his, her or its own tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock through a partnership or other pass-through entity, as applicable.

This discussion is based on current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), existing and proposed Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, current administrative rulings and judicial decisions, all as in effect as of the date of this prospectus supplement and all of which are subject to change or to differing interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. Any change or differing interpretation could alter the tax consequences to non-U.S. holders described in this prospectus supplement. There can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, will not challenge one or more of the tax consequences described in this prospectus supplement.

We assume in this discussion that each non-U.S. holder holds shares of our common stock as a “capital asset” within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income and estate taxation that may be relevant to a particular non-U.S. holder in light of such non-U.S. holder’s individual circumstances nor does it address any aspects of U.S. state, local or non-U.S. taxes, the alternative minimum tax, or the Medicare tax on net investment income. This discussion also does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a non-U.S. holder and does not address the special tax rules applicable to particular non-U.S. holders, including, without limitation:

• banks or other financial institutions;

• brokers or dealers in securities;

• tax-exempt organizations;

• tax-qualified retirement plans;

• pension plans, including “qualified foreign pension funds” as defined in Section 897(l)(2) of the Code and entities all of the interests of which are held by qualified foreign pension funds;

• persons deemed to sell our common stock under the constructive sale provisions of the Code;

• owners that hold our common stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction, synthetic security or other integrated investment or who have elected to mark securities to market;

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• insurance companies;

• “controlled foreign corporations” and “passive foreign investment companies”, each as defined in the Code, and shareholders of such entities;

• corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;

• corporations organized outside of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia that are nonetheless treated as U.S. taxpayers for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

• non-U.S. governments or international organizations;

• pass-through entities, including partnerships and entities and arrangements classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and beneficial owners of pass-through entities;

• holders who own, actually or constructively, more than 5% of our common stock;

• persons who acquire our common stock through the exercise of an option or otherwise as compensation; and

• certain U.S. expatriates and former citizens or long-term residents of the United States.

THIS DISCUSSION IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND IS NOT, AND IS NOT INTENDED TO BE, LEGAL OR TAX ADVICE. PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, AND NON-U.S. INCOME, ESTATE AND OTHER TAX CONSIDERATIONS OF ACQUIRING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK.

Distributions

As described in the section of this prospectus supplement titled “Dividend Policy,” we have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. However, if we make distributions in respect of our common stock, those distributions generally will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. If a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be treated as a tax-free return of the non-U.S. holder’s investment, up to the holder’s tax basis in the common stock. Any remaining excess will be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of our common stock, subject to the tax treatment described below under the heading “Gain on Sale, Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of Our Common Stock.” Any distributions will also be subject to the discussions below under the headings “Information Reporting and Backup Withholding” and “FATCA.”

Except as described below, dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder generally will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty.

Dividends that are treated as effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by a non-U.S. holder within the United States, and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, that are attributable to a permanent establishment or a fixed base maintained by the non-U.S. holder within the United States, are generally exempt from the 30% withholding tax if the non-U.S. holder satisfies applicable certification and disclosure requirements (generally including provision of a valid IRS Form W-8ECI (or applicable successor form) certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States). However, such U.S. effectively connected income is taxed on a net income basis at the same U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to “United States persons” (as defined in the Code). Any U.S. effectively connected income received by a non-U.S. holder that is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes may also, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder’s country of residence.

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A non-U.S. holder of our common stock who claims the benefit of an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder’s country of residence generally will be required to provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E or other appropriate IRS Form W-8 (or applicable successor form) and satisfy applicable certification and other requirements. A non-U.S. holder that is eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. withholding tax under an income tax treaty, but does not timely furnish the required documentation, may obtain a refund or credit of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim with the IRS. Non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding their entitlement to benefits under a relevant income tax treaty and the specific methods available to them to satisfy these requirements.

Gain on Sale, Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of Our Common Stock

Subject to the discussions below under “Information Reporting and Backup Withholding” and “FATCA,” a non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain realized upon such non-U.S. holder’s sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock unless:

• the gain is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States, and, if an applicable income tax treaty so provides, the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the United States; in these cases, the non-U.S. holder generally will be taxed on a net income basis at the same U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to “United States persons” (as defined in the Code), and, if the non-U.S. holder is a foreign corporation, the branch profits tax described above under the heading “Distributions” may also apply;

• the non-U.S. holder is a non-resident alien present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the disposition and certain other requirements are met, in which case the non-U.S. holder will be subject to a 30% tax (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and such holder’s country of residence) on the net gain derived from the disposition, which may be offset by certain U.S.-source capital losses of the non-U.S. holder, if any; or

• we are or have been, at any time during the five-year period preceding such disposition (or the non-U.S. holder’s holding period, if shorter) a “U.S. real property holding corporation” unless our common stock is “regularly traded on an established securities market” (within the meaning of the Code) and the non-U.S. holder held (directly, indirectly, or constructively (after applying certain attribution rules)) no more than 5% of our outstanding common stock, during the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition or the period that the non-U.S. holder held our common stock. If we are determined to be a U.S. real property holding corporation and the foregoing exception does not apply, then the non-U.S. holder generally will be taxed on its net gain derived from the disposition at the U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to “United States persons” (as defined in the Code) and the purchaser may be required to withhold and remit to the IRS 15% of the purchase price. Generally, a corporation is a “U.S. real property holding corporation” if the fair market value of its “U.S. real property interests” equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market value of its worldwide real property interests plus its other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. Although there can be no assurance, we believe that we are not currently, and we do not anticipate becoming, a “U.S. real property holding corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. No assurance can be provided that our common stock will be regularly traded on an established securities market for purposes of the rule described above.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

We must report annually to the IRS and to each non-U.S. holder the gross amount of the distributions on our common stock paid to such holder and the tax withheld, if any, with respect to such distributions. Non-U.S. holders may have to comply with specific certification procedures to establish that the holder is not a

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“United States person” (as defined in the Code) in order to avoid backup withholding at the applicable rate with respect to dividends on our common stock. Generally, a non-U.S. holder will comply with such procedures if it provides a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E or other applicable IRS Form W-8 (or other applicable successor form), or otherwise meets documentary evidence requirements for establishing that it is a non-U.S. holder, or otherwise establishes an exemption. Dividends paid to non-U.S. holders subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax, as described above under the heading “Distributions,” will generally be exempt from U.S. backup withholding.

Information reporting and backup withholding generally will apply to the proceeds of a disposition of our common stock by a non-U.S. holder effected by or through the U.S. office of any broker, U.S. or non-U.S., unless the holder certifies its status as a non-U.S. holder and satisfies certain other requirements, or otherwise establishes an exemption. Generally, information reporting and backup withholding will not apply to a payment of disposition proceeds to a non-U.S. holder where the transaction is effected outside the United States through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker. However, for information reporting purposes, dispositions effected through a non-U.S. office of a broker with substantial U.S. ownership or operations generally will be treated in a manner similar to dispositions effected through a U.S. office of a broker. Non-U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the information reporting and backup withholding rules to them.

Copies of information returns may be made available to the tax authorities of the country in which the non-U.S. holder resides or is incorporated under the provisions of a specific treaty or agreement.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Rather, any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a non-U.S. holder may be refunded or credited against the non-U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided that an appropriate claim is timely furnished to the IRS.

FATCA

Provisions of the Code commonly referred to as the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) generally impose a 30% withholding tax on dividends in respect of, and (subject to the proposed Treasury Regulations discussed below) gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of, our common stock if paid to a “foreign financial institution” or a “non-financial foreign entity” (each as defined in the Code) unless (1) the foreign financial institution undertakes certain due diligence, reporting, withholding, and certification obligations, (2) the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does not have any “substantial United States owners” (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner, or (3) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity is otherwise excepted under FATCA. Under proposed Treasury Regulations that may be relied upon until the final regulations are issued, FATCA withholding on gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of our common stock would not currently apply.

Withholding under FATCA generally applies to payments of dividends on our common stock. While withholding under FATCA would have applied also to payments of gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our common stock, withholding on payments of gross proceeds is not required based on proposed Treasury Regulations. Although such regulations are not final, applicable withholding agents may rely on the proposed regulations until final regulations are issued.

If withholding under FATCA is required on any payment related to our common stock, investors not otherwise subject to withholding (or that otherwise would be entitled to a reduced rate of withholding) on such payment may seek a refund or credit from the IRS. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify the requirements described in this section. Non-U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of FATCA on their investment in our common stock and the entities through which they hold our common stock.

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The preceding discussion of material U.S. federal tax considerations is for informational purposes only. It is not legal or tax advice. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the particular U.S. federal, state, local, and non-U.S. tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of our common stock, including the consequences of any proposed changes in applicable laws.

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UNDERWRITING

Leerink Partners LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC and Evercore Group L.L.C. are acting as representatives of each of the underwriters named below and as joint bookrunning managers for this offering. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement among us and the underwriters, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each of the underwriters has agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase from us, the number of shares of common stock set forth opposite its name below.

Underwriter		Number of Shares
Leerink Partners LLC
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
Evercore Group L.L.C.
Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
Total

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement, the underwriters have agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase all of the shares sold under the underwriting agreement if any of the shares are purchased. If an underwriter defaults, the underwriting agreement provides that the purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriters may be increased or the underwriting agreement may be terminated.

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.

The underwriters are offering the shares, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel, including the validity of the shares, and subject to other conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, such as the receipt by the underwriters of officers’ certificates and legal opinions. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.

Discounts and Commissions

The representatives have advised us that the underwriters propose initially to offer the shares to the public at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and to dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $    per share. After the initial offering of the shares, the public offering price, concession or any other term of this offering may be changed by the representatives.

The following table shows the initial public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions and proceeds, before expenses, to us. The information assumes either no exercise or full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock.

Total

Per Share

Without Option

With Option

Initial public offering price

$

$

$

Underwriting discounts and commissions

$

$

$

Proceeds, before expenses, to us

$

$

$

We estimate expenses payable by us in connection with this offering, other than the underwriting discounts and commissions referred to above, will be approximately $0.6 million. We also have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for certain of their expenses in an amount up to $25,000.

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Option to Purchase Additional Shares

We have granted an option to the underwriters, exercisable for 30 days after the date of this prospectus supplement, to purchase up to    additional shares at the initial public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. If the underwriters exercise this option, each underwriter will be obligated, subject to the conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, to purchase a number of additional shares proportionate to that underwriter’s initial amount reflected in the above table.

No Sales of Similar Securities

We and our directors and our executive officers have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain limited exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of their common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock during the period from the date of this prospectus supplement continuing through the date 60 days after the date of this prospectus supplement, except with the prior written consent of Leerink Partners LLC and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC.

Nasdaq Global Select Market Listing

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “VIR.”

Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids

Until the distribution of the shares is completed, SEC rules may limit underwriters and selling group members from bidding for and purchasing our common stock. However, the representatives may engage in transactions that stabilize the price of the common stock, such as bids or purchases to peg, fix or maintain that price.

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell our common stock in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, purchases on the open market to cover positions created by short sales and stabilizing transactions. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares than they are required to purchase in this offering. “Covered” short sales are sales made in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares described above. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option to purchase additional shares or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the option to purchase additional shares granted to them under the underwriting agreement described above. “Naked” short sales are sales in excess of such option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of our common stock in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for or purchases of shares of common stock made by the underwriters in the open market prior to the closing of this offering.

The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the representatives have repurchased shares sold by or for the account of such underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.

Similar to other purchase transactions, the underwriters’ purchases to cover the syndicate short sales may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. The underwriters may conduct these transactions on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

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Neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our common stock. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation that the representatives will engage in these transactions or that these transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.

Electronic Distribution

In connection with this offering, certain of the underwriters or securities dealers may distribute prospectuses by electronic means, such as e-mail.

Other Relationships

The underwriters and certain of their affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Some of the underwriters and certain of their affiliates may in the future engage in investment banking and other commercial dealings in the ordinary course of business with us and our affiliates, for which they may in the future receive customary fees, commissions and expenses.

In addition, in the ordinary course of their business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers. Such investments and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of ours or our affiliates. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

Selling Restrictions

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area (each, a Relevant State) no shares have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public in that Relevant State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the shares which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant State, all in accordance with the EU Prospectus Regulation, except that shares may be offered to the public in that Relevant State at any time:

A. to any qualified investor as defined under Article 2 of the EU Prospectus Regulation;

B. to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under Article 2 of the EU Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any such offer; or

C. in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the EU Prospectus Regulation,

provided that no such offer of shares shall require us or any of the representatives to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the EU Prospectus Regulation, supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the EU Prospectus Regulation or publish an Annex IX document pursuant to Article 1(4) of the EU Prospectus Regulation.

For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to any shares in any Relevant State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any shares, and the expression “EU Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129.

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Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

No shares have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public in the United Kingdom, except that the shares may be offered to the public in the United Kingdom at any time:

A. where the offer is conditional on the admission of the shares to trading on the London Stock Exchange plc’s main market (in reliance on the exception in paragraph 6(a) of Schedule 1 of the POATR);

B. to any qualified investor as defined under paragraph 15 of Schedule 1 of the POATR;

C. to fewer than 150 persons (other than qualified investors as defined under paragraph 15 of Schedule 1 of the POATR), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any such offer; or

D. in any other circumstances falling within Part 1 of Schedule 1 of the POATR.

For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to the shares in the United Kingdom means the communication to any person which presents sufficient information on: (a) the shares to be offered; and (b) the terms on which they are to be offered, to enable an investor to decide to buy or subscribe for the shares and the expression “POATR” means the Public Offers and Admissions to Trading Regulations 2024.

Each person in the United Kingdom who receives any communication in respect of, or who acquires any of our shares under the offers to the public contemplated in this prospectus, or to whom our shares are otherwise made available, will be deemed to have represented, warranted, acknowledged and agreed to and with us, the representatives, and their respective affiliates that it meets the criteria outlined in this section.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada

The shares may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the shares must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus supplement (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the shares of our common stock offered in this prospectus supplement will be passed upon for us by Gunderson Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Franklin & Hachigian, LLP, San Francisco, California. The underwriters are being represented in connection with this offering by Latham & Watkins LLP, Costa Mesa, California.

EXPERTS

Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, as set forth in their reports, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLP’s reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are part of a registration statement we filed with the SEC. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. For further information with respect to us and the securities we are offering under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part of the registration statement. Statements in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus concerning any document we filed as an exhibit to the registration statement or that we otherwise filed with the SEC are not intended to be comprehensive and are qualified by reference to these exhibits and filings. You should review the complete document to evaluate these statements. Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized any person to provide you with different information. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front page of this prospectus supplement, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement or any sale of the securities offered by this prospectus supplement.

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file documents electronically with the SEC, including Vir Bio. The address of the SEC website is http://www.sec.gov. The information on the SEC’s website is not part of this prospectus supplement. Copies of certain information filed by us with the SEC are also available on our website at www.vir.bio. Information contained in or accessible through our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC permits us to “incorporate by reference” the information contained in documents we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents rather than by including them in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectus. Information that is incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus and you should carefully read it together with this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus. Later information that we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede the information

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that is either contained, or incorporated by reference, in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, and will be considered to be a part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus from the date those documents are filed. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future filings we make with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (in each case, other than those documents or the portions of those documents furnished (but not filed) pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K) prior to the termination of any offering of securities made by this prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus:

• our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on February 23, 2026;

• the information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 from our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, as filed with the SEC on April 16, 2026;

• our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2026, filed with the SEC on May 7, 2026, for the fiscal quarter ended June  30, 2026, filed with the SEC on August 5, 2026, and for the fiscal quarter ended September  30, 2026, filed with the SEC on November 4, 2026;

• our Current Reports on Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on February 23, 2026 (solely with respect to Items 1.01, 3.02 and 8.01), February  26, 2026, March 2, 2026, March  4, 2026, April 10, 2026, May  28, 2026, June 10, 2026, July  24, 2026, October  1, 2026 (solely with respect to Item 5.02), October  8, 2026, October 14, 2026, October 28, 2026 and November 9, 2026 (solely with respect to Item 8.01); and

• the description of our common stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A as filed with the SEC on October 9, 2019, as the description therein has been updated and superseded by the description of our capital stock contained in Exhibit 4.4 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with the SEC on March 26, 2020, and including any amendments and reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

You may request a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated by reference but not delivered with this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address and telephone number: Vir Biotechnology, Inc., 1800 Owens Street, Suite 900, San Francisco, California 94158 and (415) 906-4324. We will not, however, send exhibits to those documents, unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference in those documents.

We make available free of charge on our website our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file or furnish such materials to the SEC. You may obtain a free copy of these reports on the Investor Relations section of our website, www.vir.bio. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this prospectus supplement, and you should not consider it a part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

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PROSPECTUS

Debt Securities

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Warrants

We may offer and sell securities from time to time in one or more offerings. This prospectus describes the general terms of these securities and the general manner in which these securities will be offered. We will provide the specific terms of these securities in supplements to this prospectus. The prospectus supplements will also describe the specific manner in which these securities will be offered and may also supplement, update or amend information contained or incorporated by reference in this document. You should read this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein carefully before you invest.

We may offer these securities in amounts, at prices and on terms determined at the time of offering. The securities may be sold directly to you, through agents, or through underwriters and dealers. If agents, underwriters or dealers are used to sell the securities, we will name them and describe their compensation in a prospectus supplement.

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “VIR.”

Investing in these securities involves significant risks. See the information included under “Risk Factors” on page 5 of this prospectus and in any accompanying prospectus supplement, and under similar headings in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, for a discussion of the factors you should carefully consider before deciding to purchase these securities.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is November 12, 2026

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS			1
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION			2
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE			3
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS			4
RISK FACTORS			5
VIR BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.			6
USE OF PROCEEDS			7
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES			8
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK			18
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS			23
FORMS OF SECURITIES			25
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION			27
LEGAL MATTERS			30
EXPERTS			30

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which we refer to as the “SEC,” utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may from time to time sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities, we will provide one or more prospectus supplements that will contain specific information about the terms of the offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in any documents that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus and, accordingly, to the extent inconsistent, information in this prospectus is superseded by the information in the prospectus supplement. You should read both this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement together with the additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement or in any related free writing prospectus filed by us with the SEC. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. This prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the securities described in this prospectus or such accompanying prospectus supplement or an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy such securities in any circumstances in which such offer or solicitation is unlawful. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement, the documents incorporated by reference and any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of their respective dates. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed materially since those dates.

Unless the context otherwise indicates, references in this prospectus to the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” and “Vir Bio” refer, collectively, to Vir Biotechnology, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries.

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of certain information filed by us with the SEC are also available on our website at https://www.vir.bio. Our website is not a part of this prospectus and information contained on, or that can be accessed through our website, is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

This prospectus is part of a registration statement we filed with the SEC. This prospectus omits some information contained in the registration statement in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. You should review the information and exhibits in the registration statement for further information about us and our consolidated subsidiaries and the securities we are offering. Statements in this prospectus concerning any document we filed as an exhibit to the registration statement or that we otherwise filed with the SEC are not intended to be comprehensive and are qualified by reference to these filings and the exhibits attached thereto. You should review the complete document to evaluate these statements.

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference much of the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those publicly available documents. The information that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus is considered to be part of this prospectus. Because we are incorporating by reference future filings with the SEC, this prospectus is continually updated and those future filings may modify or supersede some of the information included or incorporated in this prospectus. This means that you must look at all of the SEC filings that we incorporate by reference to determine if any of the statements in this prospectus or in any document previously incorporated by reference have been modified or superseded. This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents listed below (File No. 001-39083) and any future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act) (in each case, other than those documents or the portions of those documents not deemed to be filed), until the offering of the securities under the registration statement is terminated or completed:

• Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on February 23, 2026, including the information specifically incorporated by reference into the Annual Report on Form 10-K from our definitive proxy statement for the 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed with the SEC on April 16, 2026;

• Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarters ended March 31, 2026, as filed with the SEC on May 7, 2026; June 30, 2026, as filed with the SEC on August 5, 2026; and September 30, 2026, as filed with the SEC on November 4, 2026;

• Current Reports on Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on February 23, 2026 (solely with respect to Items 1.01, 3.02 and 8.01), February  26, 2026, March  2, 2026, March  4, 2026, April  10, 2026, May  28, 2026, June  10, 2026, July  24, 2026, October  1, 2026 (solely with respect to Item 5.02), October  8, 2026, October  14, 2026, October  28, 2026 and November 9, 2026 (solely with respect to Item 8.01); and

• The description of our common stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A as filed with the SEC on October  9, 2019, as the description therein has been updated and superseded by the description of our capital stock contained in Exhibit 4.4 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with the SEC on March 26, 2020, and including any amendments and reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:

Vir Biotechnology, Inc.

Attn: Investor Relations

1800 Owens Street, Suite 900

San Francisco, California 94158

(415) 906-4324

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the information incorporated by reference herein, as well as any related free writing prospectus that we authorize in connection with this offering, contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements relating to: any offering under this prospectus, the net proceeds from such offering and our anticipated use of such proceeds; our strategy and future financial condition; our ability to fund our currently planned and future operations; our research and development activities and the potential of, and our expectations for, our pipeline and technology platforms; the timing, potential of and expectations for our ongoing and planned preclinical and clinical studies; the timing and likelihood of regulatory filings and potential approvals for our product candidates; our ability to commercialize our product candidates, should they ultimately receive regulatory approval; the potential benefits of collaborations and in-licensing and out-licensing arrangements; projected costs, prospects, plans, objectives of management, expected market size and growth for our product candidates; the timing of availability of clinical data, program updates, data disclosures, including any results from the clinical trials involving our product candidates; and our plans for our portfolio of masked T-cell engagers, hepatitis delta virus and other programs. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “due,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “objective,” “plan,” “positioned,” “potential,” “predict,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and other similar expressions that are predictions of or indicate future events and future trends, or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions referenced in the section of this prospectus and of any accompanying prospectus supplement entitled “Risk Factors.” Other sections of this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated herein and therein may include additional factors that could harm our business and financial performance. Drug development and commercialization involve a high degree of risk, and only a small number of research and development programs result in commercialization of a product. Results in early-stage clinical studies may not be indicative of full results or results from later stage or larger scale clinical studies and do not ensure regulatory approval. You should not place undue reliance on these statements, or the scientific data presented. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in, or implied by, any forward-looking statements.

In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Although we believe that we have a reasonable basis for each forward-looking statement contained in this prospectus and the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus, we cannot guarantee that the future results, levels of activity, performance or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur at all. Furthermore, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. You should also carefully review the risk factors and cautionary statements described in the other documents we file from time to time with the SEC, specifically our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our Current Reports on Form 8-K. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Current Reports on Form 8-K and other filings we make with the SEC from time to time before deciding whether to purchase any of the securities being registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Each of the risk factors could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities, and the occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also significantly impair our business operations.

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VIR BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on powering the immune system to transform lives by discovering and developing medicines for serious infectious diseases and cancer. At Vir Bio, we have a bold vision – powering the immune system to transform lives. Our clinical-stage portfolio includes programs for chronic hepatitis delta (CHD), and multiple PRO-XTEN^® dual-masked T-cell engagers (TCEs) across validated targets in solid tumor indications. We also have a preclinical portfolio of programs across a range of oncologic malignancies.

In CHD, our ECLIPSE registrational program is fully underway with all three trials initiated. Should the ECLIPSE program yield positive results that support regulatory approval and subsequent commercial launch, we believe the combination of elebsiran and tobevibart has the potential to be a new standard of care for CHD patients, for whom approved treatment options are either limited or unavailable. In oncology, we are advancing phase 1 clinical studies for our PRO-XTEN^® dual-masked TCEs: VIR-5500/ASP6958 in patients with PSMA-expressing metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC); VIR-5818 in patients with HER2-expressing tumors; and VIR-5525 in patients with EGFR-expressing tumors. In addition, we are developing therapeutic candidates in HIV cure and other solid tumors, leveraging our expertise and platform strengths, and we have made available for external partnerships our next-generation preclinical influenza A and B antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates.

We have an industry-leading management team and board of directors with significant immunology, infectious diseases, and oncology experience, including a proven track record of progressing product candidates from early-stage research through clinical development, and worldwide regulatory approval and commercialization experience. Given the global impact of infectious diseases and cancer, we are committed to developing transformative therapies that can make a meaningful difference in patients’ lives.

Our principal executive offices are located at 1800 Owens Street, Suite 900, San Francisco, California 94158, and our telephone number is (415) 906-4324.

PRO-XTEN^® is a trademark of Amunix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Sanofi company.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of any securities offered under this prospectus for general corporate purposes unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement. General corporate purposes may include working capital, preclinical study and clinical trial expenses, research and development expenses, general and administrative expenses, and capital expenditures. Pending the use of the net proceeds from the sale of securities under this prospectus as described above, we may temporarily invest the net proceeds in securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and institutions and/or investment-grade, interest-bearing securities. We have not determined the amount of net proceeds to be used specifically for such purposes. As a result, management will retain broad discretion over the allocation of the net proceeds of any offering.

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

The following description summarizes the general terms and provisions of the debt securities that Vir Biotechnology, Inc. may offer and sell from time to time. We will describe in a prospectus supplement the specific terms of the debt securities offered through that prospectus supplement, as well as any general terms and provisions described in this section that will not apply to those debt securities. As used in this “Description of Debt Securities”, the term “debt securities” means the senior and subordinated debt securities that we issue and the trustee authenticates and delivers under the applicable indenture. When we refer to “the Company,” “we,” “our,” and “us” in this section, we mean Vir Biotechnology, Inc. excluding, unless the context otherwise requires or as otherwise expressly stated, its subsidiaries.

We may issue senior debt securities from time to time, in one or more series under a senior indenture to be entered into between us and a senior trustee to be named in a prospectus supplement, which we refer to as the senior trustee. We may issue subordinated debt securities from time to time, in one or more series under a subordinated indenture to be entered into between us and a subordinated trustee to be named in a prospectus supplement, which we refer to as the subordinated trustee. The forms of senior indenture and subordinated indenture are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The senior indenture and the subordinated indenture are referred to individually as an indenture and together as the indentures and the senior trustee and the subordinated trustee are referred to individually as a trustee and together as the trustees. This section summarizes some of the provisions of the indentures and is qualified in its entirety by the specific text of the indentures, including definitions of terms used in the indentures. Wherever we refer to particular sections of, or defined terms in, the indentures, those sections or defined terms are incorporated by reference in this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement. You should review the indentures that are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part for additional information.

Neither indenture will limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. The applicable indenture will provide that debt securities may be issued up to an aggregate principal amount authorized from time to time by us and may be payable in any currency or currency unit designated by us or in amounts determined by reference to an index.

General

The senior debt securities will constitute our unsecured and unsubordinated general obligations and will rank equally in right of payment with our other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations. The subordinated debt securities will constitute our unsecured and subordinated general obligations and will be junior in right of payment to our senior indebtedness (including senior debt securities), as described under the heading “—Certain Terms of the Subordinated Debt Securities—Subordination.” The debt securities will be structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries unless such subsidiaries expressly guarantee such debt securities.

The debt securities will be our unsecured obligations unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Any secured debt or other secured obligations will be effectively senior to the debt securities to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt or other obligations. Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not be guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries.

The applicable prospectus supplement and/or free writing prospectus will include any additional or different terms of the debt securities of any series being offered, including the following terms:

• the title and type of the debt securities;

• whether the debt securities will be senior or subordinated debt securities, and, with respect to any subordinated debt securities, the terms on which they are subordinated;

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• the initial aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;

• the price or prices at which we will sell the debt securities;

• the maturity date or dates of the debt securities and the right, if any, to extend such date or dates;

• the rate or rates, if any, at which the debt securities will bear interest, or the method of determining such rate or rates;

• the date or dates from which such interest will accrue, the interest payment dates on which such interest will be payable or the method of determination of such dates;

• the right, if any, to extend the interest payment periods and the duration of that extension;

• the manner of paying principal and interest and the place or places where principal and interest will be payable;

• the denominations of the debt securities if other than $2,000 or multiples of $1,000;

• provisions for a sinking fund, purchase fund or other analogous fund, if any;

• any redemption dates, prices, obligations and restrictions on the debt securities;

• the currency, currencies or currency units in which the debt securities will be denominated and the currency, currencies or currency units in which principal and interest, if any, on the debt securities may be payable;

• any conversion or exchange features of the debt securities;

• whether the debt securities will be subject to the defeasance provisions in the indenture;

• whether the debt securities will be issued in definitive or global form or in definitive form only upon satisfaction of certain conditions;

• whether the debt securities will be guaranteed as to payment or performance;

• any special tax implications of the debt securities;

• any events of default or covenants in addition to or in lieu of those set forth in the indenture; and

• any other material terms of the debt securities.

When we refer to “principal” in this section with reference to the debt securities, we are also referring to “premium, if any.”

We may from time to time, without notice to or the consent of the holders of any series of debt securities, create and issue further debt securities of any such series ranking equally with the debt securities of such series in all respects (or in all respects other than (1) the payment of interest accruing prior to the issue date of such further debt securities or (2) the first payment of interest following the issue date of such further debt securities). Such further debt securities may be consolidated and form a single series with the debt securities of such series and have the same terms as to status, redemption or otherwise as the debt securities of such series.

You may present debt securities for exchange and you may present debt securities for transfer in the manner, at the places and subject to the restrictions set forth in the debt securities and the applicable prospectus supplement. We will provide you those services without charge, although you may have to pay any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with any exchange or transfer, as set forth in the indenture.

Debt securities may bear interest at a fixed rate or a floating rate. Debt securities bearing no interest or interest at a rate that at the time of issuance is below the prevailing market rate (original issue discount securities) may be sold at a discount below their stated principal amount. U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to any such discounted debt securities or to certain debt securities issued at par which are treated as having been issued at a discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

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We may issue debt securities with the principal amount payable on any principal payment date, or the amount of interest payable on any interest payment date, to be determined by reference to one or more currency exchange rates, securities or baskets of securities, commodity prices or indices. You may receive a payment of principal on any principal payment date, or a payment of interest on any interest payment date, that is greater than or less than the amount of principal or interest otherwise payable on such dates, depending on the value on such dates of the applicable currency, security or basket of securities, commodity or index. Information as to the methods for determining the amount of principal or interest payable on any date, the currencies, securities or baskets of securities, commodities or indices to which the amount payable on such date is linked and certain related tax considerations will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Certain Terms of the Senior Debt Securities

Covenants. Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement with respect to a particular series of senior debt securities, the senior debt securities will not contain any financial or restrictive covenants, including covenants restricting either us or any of our subsidiaries from incurring, issuing, assuming or guaranteeing any indebtedness secured by a lien on any of our or our subsidiaries’ property or capital stock, or restricting either us or any of our subsidiaries from entering into sale and leaseback transactions.

Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets. Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement with respect to a particular series of senior debt securities, we may not consolidate with or merge into any other person, in a transaction in which we are not the surviving corporation, or convey, transfer or lease our properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any person, in either case, unless:

• the successor entity, if any, is a U.S. corporation, limited liability company, partnership or trust;

• the successor entity assumes our obligations on the senior debt securities and under the senior indenture;

• immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no default or event of default shall have occurred and be continuing; and

• we have delivered to the senior trustee an officer’s certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that the consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a supplemental indenture is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture, comply with the senior indenture and all conditions precedent provided for in the senior indenture relating to such transaction have been complied with.

The restrictions described in the bullets above do not apply (1) to our consolidation with or merging into one of our affiliates, if our board of directors determines in good faith that the purpose of the consolidation or merger is principally to change our state of incorporation or our form of organization to another form or (2) if we merge with or into a single direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of ours.

The surviving business entity will succeed to, and be substituted for, us under the senior indenture and the senior debt securities and, except in the case of a lease, we shall be released from all obligations under the senior indenture and the senior debt securities.

No Protection in the Event of a Change in Control. Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement with respect to a particular series of senior debt securities, the senior debt securities will not contain any provisions that may afford holders of the senior debt securities protection in the event we have a change in control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change in control).

Events of Default. Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement with respect to a particular series of senior debt securities, the following are events of default under the senior indenture with respect to senior debt securities of each series:

• failure to pay interest on any senior debt securities of such series when due and payable, if that default continues for a period of 30 days (or such other period as may be specified for such series);

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• failure to pay principal on the senior debt securities of such series when due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise (and, if specified for such series, the continuance of such failure for a specified period);

• default in the performance of or breach of any of our covenants or agreements in the senior indenture applicable to senior debt securities of such series, other than a covenant breach which is specifically dealt with elsewhere in the senior indenture, and that default or breach continues for a period of 90 days after we receive written notice from the trustee or from the holders of 25% or more in aggregate principal amount of the senior debt securities of such series;

• certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency, whether or not voluntary; and

• any other event of default provided for in such series of senior debt securities as may be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Unless we indicate otherwise in a prospectus supplement with respect to a particular series of senior debt securities, the default by us under any other debt, including any other series of our debt securities, is not a default under the senior indenture.

If an event of default other than an event of default specified in the fourth bullet point above occurs with respect to a series of senior debt securities and is continuing under the senior indenture, then, and in each such case, either the trustee or the holders of not less than 25% in aggregate principal amount of such series then outstanding under the senior indenture (each such series voting as a separate class) by written notice to us and to the trustee, if such notice is given by the holders, may, and the trustee at the request of such holders shall, declare the principal amount of and accrued interest on such series of senior debt securities to be immediately due and payable, and upon this declaration, the same shall become immediately due and payable.

If an event of default specified in the fourth bullet point above occurs and is continuing, the entire principal amount of and accrued interest on each series of senior debt securities then outstanding shall automatically become immediately due and payable.

Unless otherwise specified in the prospectus supplement relating to a series of senior debt securities originally issued at a discount, the amount due upon acceleration shall include only the original issue price of the senior debt securities, the amount of original issue discount accrued to the date of acceleration and accrued interest, if any.

Upon certain conditions, declarations of acceleration may be rescinded and annulled and past defaults may be waived by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of all the senior debt securities of such series affected by the default, each series voting as a separate class. Furthermore, subject to various provisions in the senior indenture, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of a series of senior debt securities, by notice to the trustee, may waive a continuing default or event of default with respect to such senior debt securities and its consequences, except a default in the payment of principal of or interest on such senior debt securities (other than any such default in payment resulting solely from an acceleration of the senior debt securities) or in respect of a covenant or provision of the senior indenture which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holders of each such senior debt security. Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any event of default with respect to such senior debt securities shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of the senior indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or event of default or impair any right consequent thereto.

The holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of a series of senior debt securities may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to such senior debt securities. However, the trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or the senior indenture, that may involve the trustee in

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personal liability or that the trustee determines in good faith may be unduly prejudicial to the rights of holders of such series of senior debt securities not joining in the giving of such direction and may take any other action it deems proper that is not inconsistent with any such direction received from holders of such series of senior debt securities. A holder may not pursue any remedy with respect to the senior indenture or any series of senior debt securities unless:

• the holder gives the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default;

• the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of such series of senior debt securities make a written request to the trustee to pursue the remedy in respect of such event of default;

• the requesting holder or holders offer the trustee indemnity satisfactory to the trustee against any costs, liability or expense;

• the trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer of indemnity; and

• during such 60-day period, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of such series of senior debt securities do not give the trustee a direction that is inconsistent with the request.

These limitations, however, do not apply to the right of any holder of a senior debt security of any affected series to receive payment of the principal of and interest on such senior debt security in accordance with the terms of such debt security, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment in accordance with the terms of such debt security, on or after the due date for the senior debt securities, which right shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of the holder.

The senior indenture requires certain of our officers to certify, on or before a fixed date in each year in which any senior debt security is outstanding, as to their knowledge of our compliance with all covenants, agreements and conditions under the senior indenture.

Satisfaction and Discharge. We can satisfy and discharge our obligations to holders of any series of debt securities if:

• we have paid or caused to be paid the principal of and interest on all senior debt securities of such series (with certain limited exceptions) when due and payable; or

• we deliver to the senior trustee for cancellation all senior debt securities of such series theretofore authenticated under the senior indenture (with certain limited exceptions); or

• all senior debt securities of such series have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year (or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the senior trustee) and we deposit in trust an amount of cash or a combination of cash and U.S. government or U.S. government agency obligations (or in the case of senior debt securities denominated in a foreign currency, foreign government securities or foreign government agency securities) sufficient to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities of that series on their various due dates; and if, in any such case, we also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable under the senior indenture, as and when the same shall be due and payable and we deliver to the senior trustee an officer’s certificate and an opinion of counsel, each stating that these conditions have been satisfied.

Under current U.S. federal income tax law, the deposit and our legal release from the debt securities would be treated as though we took back your debt securities and gave you your share of the cash and debt securities or bonds deposited in trust. In that event, you could recognize gain or loss on the debt securities you give back to us. Purchasers of the debt securities should consult their own advisers with respect to the tax consequences to them of such deposit and discharge, including the applicability and effect of tax laws other than the U.S. federal income tax law.

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Defeasance. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, the following discussion of legal defeasance and covenant defeasance will apply to any series of debt securities issued under the indentures.

Legal Defeasance. We can legally release ourselves from any payment or other obligations on the debt securities of any series (called “legal defeasance”) if certain conditions are met, including the following:

• We deposit in trust for your benefit and the benefit of all other direct holders of the debt securities of the same series cash or a combination of cash and U.S. government or U.S. government agency obligations (or, in the case of senior debt securities denominated in a foreign currency, foreign government or foreign government agency obligations) that will generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities of that series on their various due dates.

• There is a change in current U.S. federal income tax law or an IRS ruling that lets us make the above deposit without causing you to be taxed on the debt securities any differently than if we did not make the deposit and instead repaid the debt securities ourselves when due. Under current U.S. federal income tax law, the deposit and our legal release from the debt securities would be treated as though we took back your debt securities and gave you your share of the cash and debt securities or bonds deposited in trust. In that event, you could recognize gain or loss on the debt securities you give back to us.

• We deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of our counsel confirming the tax law change or ruling described above.

If we accomplish legal defeasance, as described above, you would have to rely solely on the trust deposit for repayment of the debt securities. You could not look to us for repayment in the event of any shortfall.

Covenant Defeasance. Without any change in current U.S. federal tax law, we can make the same type of deposit described above and be released from some of the covenants in the debt securities (called “covenant defeasance”). In that event, you would lose the protection of those covenants but would gain the protection of having money and securities set aside in trust to repay the debt securities. In order to achieve covenant defeasance, we must do the following (among other things):

• deposit in trust for your benefit and the benefit of all other direct holders of the debt securities of the same series cash or a combination of cash and U.S. government or U.S. government agency obligations (or, in the case of senior debt securities denominated in a foreign currency, foreign government or foreign government agency obligations) that will generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on the debt securities of that series on their various due dates.

• deliver to the trustee a legal opinion of our counsel confirming that under current U.S. federal income tax law we may make the above deposit without causing you to be taxed on the debt securities any differently than if we did not make the deposit and instead repaid the debt securities ourselves when due.

If we accomplish covenant defeasance, you could still look to us for repayment of the debt securities if there were a shortfall in the trust deposit. In fact, if one of the events of default occurred (such as our bankruptcy) and the debt securities become immediately due and payable, there may be such a shortfall. Depending on the events causing the default, you may not be able to obtain payment of the shortfall.

Modification and Waiver. We and the trustee may amend or supplement the senior indenture or the senior debt securities of any series without the consent of any holder:

• to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any assets as security for the senior debt securities of one or more series;

• to evidence the succession of a corporation, limited liability company, partnership or trust to us, and the assumption by such successor of our covenants, agreements and obligations under the senior indenture or to otherwise comply with the covenant relating to mergers, consolidations and sales of assets;

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• to comply with the requirements of the SEC in order to effect or maintain the qualification of the senior indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act”);

• to add to our covenants such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the protection of the holders, and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default;

• to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the senior indenture or in any supplemental indenture or to conform the senior indenture or the senior debt securities to the description of senior debt securities of such series set forth in this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement;

• to provide for or add guarantors with respect to the senior debt securities of any series;

• to establish the form or forms or terms of the senior debt securities as permitted by the senior indenture;

• to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment under the senior indenture by a successor trustee, or to make such changes as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts in the senior indenture by more than one trustee;

• to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of the senior indenture in respect of one or more series of senior debt securities, provided that any such addition, change or elimination shall (a) neither (1) apply to any senior debt security of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor (2) modify the rights of the holder of any such senior debt security with respect to such provision or (b) become effective only when there is no senior debt security described in clause (a)(1) outstanding;

• to make any change to the senior debt securities of any series so long as no senior debt securities of such series are outstanding; or

• to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder in any material respect.

Other amendments and modifications of the senior indenture or the senior debt securities issued may be made, and our compliance with any provision of the senior indenture with respect to any series of senior debt securities may be waived, with the consent of the holders of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding senior debt securities of each series affected by the amendment or modification (voting as separate series); provided, however, that each affected holder must consent to any modification, amendment or waiver that:

• extends the final maturity of any senior debt securities of such series;

• reduces the principal amount of any senior debt securities of such series;

• reduces the rate, or extends the time for payment of, interest on any senior debt securities of such series;

• reduces the amount payable upon the redemption of any senior debt securities of such series;

• changes the currency of payment of principal of or interest on any senior debt securities of such series;

• reduces the principal amount of original issue discount securities payable upon acceleration of maturity or the amount provable in bankruptcy;

• waives a continuing default in the payment of principal of or interest on the senior debt securities (other than any such default in payment resulting solely from an acceleration of the senior debt securities);

• changes the provisions relating to the waiver of past defaults or impairs the right of holders to receive payment or to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment or conversion of any senior debt securities of such series on or after the due date therefor;

• modifies any of the provisions of these restrictions on amendments and modifications, except to increase any required percentage or to provide that certain other provisions cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the holder of each senior debt security of such series affected by the modification;

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• adversely affects the right to convert or exchange senior debt securities into common stock, other securities or property in accordance with the terms of the senior debt securities; or

• reduces the above-stated percentage of outstanding senior debt securities of such series whose holders must consent to a supplemental indenture or modifies or amends or waives certain provisions of or defaults under the senior indenture.

It shall not be necessary for the holders to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, supplement or waiver, but it shall be sufficient if the holders’ consent approves the substance thereof. After an amendment, supplement or waiver of the senior indenture in accordance with the provisions described in this section becomes effective, the trustee must give to the holders affected thereby certain notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure by the trustee to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amendment, supplemental indenture or waiver.

Notice of Redemption. Notice of any redemption of senior debt securities will be mailed at least 10 days but not more than 60 days before the redemption date to each holder of senior debt securities of a series to be redeemed. Any notice may, at our discretion, be subject to the satisfaction or waiver of one or more conditions precedent. In that case, such notice shall state the nature of such condition precedent. If we elect to redeem a portion but not all of such senior debt securities, the trustee will select the senior debt securities to be redeemed in a manner that complies with applicable legal and stock exchange requirements, if any. Interest on such debt securities or portions of senior debt securities will cease to accrue on and after the date fixed for redemption, unless we default in the payment of such redemption price and accrued interest with respect to any such senior debt security or portion thereof.

If any date of redemption of any senior debt security is not a business day, then payment of principal and interest may be made on the next succeeding business day with the same force and effect as if made on the nominal date of redemption and no interest will accrue for the period after such nominal date.

Conversion Rights. We will describe the terms upon which senior debt securities may be convertible into our common stock or other securities in a prospectus supplement. These terms will include the type of securities the senior debt securities are convertible into, the conversion price or manner of calculation thereof, the conversion period, provisions as to whether conversion will be at our option or the option of the holders, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price and provisions affecting conversion in the event of the redemption of the senior debt securities and any restrictions on conversion. They may also include provisions adjusting the number of shares of our common stock or other securities issuable upon conversion.

No Personal Liability of Incorporators, Stockholders, Officers, or Directors. The senior indenture provides that no recourse shall be had under any obligation, covenant or agreement of ours in the senior indenture or any supplemental indenture, or in any of the senior debt securities or because of the creation of any indebtedness represented thereby, against any of our incorporators, stockholders, officers or directors, past, present or future, or of any predecessor or successor entity thereof under any law, statute or constitutional provision or by the enforcement of any assessment or by any legal or equitable proceeding or otherwise. Each holder, by accepting the senior debt securities, waives and releases all such liability.

Concerning the Trustee. The senior indenture provides that, except during the continuance of an event of default, the trustee will not be liable except for the performance of such duties as are specifically set forth in the senior indenture. If an event of default has occurred and is continuing, the trustee will exercise such rights and powers vested in it under the senior indenture and will use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise under the circumstances in the conduct of such person’s own affairs.

The senior indenture and the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act incorporated by reference therein contain limitations on the rights of the trustee thereunder, should it become a creditor of ours or any of our subsidiaries, to obtain payment of claims in certain cases or to realize on certain property received by it in respect of any such

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claims, as security or otherwise. The trustee is permitted to engage in other transactions, provided that if it acquires any conflicting interest (as defined in the Trust Indenture Act), it must eliminate such conflict or resign.

We may have normal banking relationships with the senior trustee in the ordinary course of business.

Unclaimed Funds. All funds deposited with the trustee or any paying agent for the payment of principal, premium, interest or additional amounts in respect of the senior debt securities that remain unclaimed for two years after the date upon which such amounts became due and payable will be repaid to us. Thereafter, any right of any holder of senior debt securities to such funds shall be enforceable only against us, and the trustee and paying agents will have no liability therefor.

Governing Law. The senior indenture and the senior debt securities will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York.

Certain Terms of the Subordinated Debt Securities

Other than the terms of the subordinated indenture and subordinated debt securities relating to subordination or otherwise as described in the prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of subordinated debt securities, the terms of the subordinated indenture and subordinated debt securities are identical in all material respects to the terms of the senior indenture and senior debt securities.

Additional or different subordination terms may be specified in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series.

Subordination. The indebtedness evidenced by the subordinated debt securities is subordinate to the prior payment in full of all of our senior indebtedness, as defined in the subordinated indenture. During the continuance beyond any applicable grace period of any default in the payment of principal, premium, interest or any other payment due on any of our senior indebtedness, we may not make any payment of principal of or interest on the subordinated debt securities (except for certain sinking fund payments). In addition, upon any payment or distribution of our assets upon any dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization, the payment of the principal of and interest on the subordinated debt securities will be subordinated to the extent provided in the subordinated indenture in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all our senior indebtedness. Because of this subordination, if we dissolve or otherwise liquidate, holders of our subordinated debt securities may receive less, ratably, than holders of our senior indebtedness. The subordination provisions do not prevent the occurrence of an event of default under the subordinated indenture.

The term “senior indebtedness” of a person means with respect to such person the principal of, premium, if any, interest on, and any other payment due pursuant to any of the following, whether outstanding on the date of the subordinated indenture or incurred by that person in the future:

• all of the indebtedness of that person for money borrowed;

• all of the indebtedness of that person evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other securities sold by that person for money;

• all of the lease obligations that are capitalized on the books of that person in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

• all indebtedness of others of the kinds described in the first two bullet points above and all lease obligations of others of the kind described in the third bullet point above that the person, in any manner, assumes or guarantees or that the person in effect guarantees through an agreement to purchase, whether that agreement is contingent or otherwise; and

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• all renewals, extensions or refundings of indebtedness of the kinds described in the first, second or fourth bullet point above and all renewals or extensions of leases of the kinds described in the third or fourth bullet point above;

unless, in the case of any particular indebtedness, renewal, extension or refunding, the instrument creating or evidencing it or the assumption or guarantee relating to it expressly provides that such indebtedness, renewal, extension or refunding is not superior in right of payment to the subordinated debt securities. Our senior debt securities constitute senior indebtedness for purposes of the subordinated indenture.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following description of our capital stock is intended as a summary only and therefore is not a complete description of our capital stock. This description is based upon, and is qualified by reference to, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (our Certificate of Incorporation), our amended and restated bylaws (our Bylaws) and applicable provisions of Delaware corporate law. You should read our Certificate of Incorporation and our Bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, for the provisions that are important to you.

Our authorized capital stock consists of 300,000,000 shares of common stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock. As of October 28, 2026, 171,270,773 shares of common stock were outstanding and no shares of preferred stock were outstanding.

Common Stock

Annual Meeting. Annual meetings of our stockholders are held on the date designated in accordance with our Bylaws. Notice, given in writing or by electronic transmission, must be given to each stockholder entitled to vote not less than ten nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting. The presence, in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or by proxy duly authorized, of the holders of a majority of the voting power of our outstanding shares entitled to vote at such meeting constitutes a quorum for the transaction of business at meetings of the stockholders. Special meetings of the stockholders may be called for any purpose by (i) the chairperson of the board of directors, (ii) the chief executive officer or the president, if the chairperson of the board of directors is unavailable, or (iii) the board of directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of authorized directors. Except as may be otherwise provided by applicable law, our Certificate of Incorporation or our Bylaws, all elections shall be decided by a plurality, and all other questions shall be decided by a majority, of the votes of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at a duly held meeting of stockholders at which a quorum is present and entitled to vote thereon.

Voting Rights. Each holder of common stock is entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted upon by stockholders, including the election of directors. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws do not provide for cumulative voting rights. Except as otherwise provided by law, our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority of the votes of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at a meeting at which a quorum is present and entitled to vote generally on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at a meeting at which a quorum is present and entitled to vote on the election of directors. The affirmative vote of holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of capital stock, voting as a single class, shall be required to amend certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation, including provisions relating to amending our Bylaws, the classified structure of our board of directors, the size of our board of directors, removal of directors, director liability, vacancies on our board of directors, special meetings, stockholder notices, actions by stockholders by written consent or electronic transmission and exclusive jurisdiction.

Dividends. Subject to the rights, powers and preferences of any outstanding preferred stock, and except as provided by law or in our Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends that our board of directors may declare out of funds legally available for that purpose on a non-cumulative basis. The payment of dividends is contingent upon our revenue and earnings, capital requirements, and general financial condition, as well as contractual restrictions and other considerations deemed to be relevant by our board of directors.

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Liquidation, Dissolution and Winding Up. Subject to the rights, powers and preferences of any outstanding preferred stock, in the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, our net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities will be distributed pro rata to the holders of our common stock.

Other Rights.

Holders of our common stock have no right to:

• convert the stock into any other security;

• have the stock redeemed or have a sinking fund;

• purchase additional stock; or

• maintain their proportionate ownership interest.

Holders of shares of common stock are not required to make additional capital contributions.

Transfer Agent and Registrar. Computershare Trust Company, N.A. is transfer agent and registrar for the common stock.

Preferred Stock

We are authorized to issue “blank check” preferred stock, which may be issued in one or more series upon authorization of our board of directors. Our board of directors is authorized to fix the designations, powers, preferences and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions of the shares of each series of preferred stock. The authorized shares of our preferred stock are available for issuance without further action by our stockholders, unless such action is required by applicable law or the rules of any stock exchange on which our securities may be listed. If the approval of our stockholders is not required for the issuance of shares of our preferred stock, our board may determine not to seek stockholder approval. The specific terms of any series of preferred stock offered pursuant to this prospectus will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to that series of preferred stock.

A series of our preferred stock could, depending on the terms of such series, impede the completion of a merger, tender offer or other takeover attempt. Our board of directors will make any determination to issue preferred shares based upon its judgment as to the best interests of our stockholders. Our directors, in so acting, could issue preferred stock having terms that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of the common stock or discourage an acquisition attempt through which an acquirer may be able to change the composition of our board of directors, including a tender offer or other transaction that some, or a majority, of our stockholders might believe to be in their best interests or in which stockholders might receive a premium for their stock over the then-current market price of the stock. The issuance of preferred stock may adversely affect the market price of the common stock.

The preferred stock has the terms described below unless otherwise provided in the prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of preferred stock. You should read the prospectus supplement relating to the particular series of preferred stock being offered for specific terms, including:

• the designation and stated value per share of the preferred stock and the number of shares offered;

• the amount of liquidation preference per share;

• the price at which the preferred stock will be issued;

• the dividend rate, or method of calculation of dividends, the dates on which dividends will be payable, whether dividends will be cumulative or noncumulative and, if cumulative, the dates from which dividends will commence to accumulate;

• our right, if any, to defer payment of dividends and the maximum length of any such deferral period;

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• the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;

• any redemption, repurchase or sinking fund provisions, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

• any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

• if other than the currency of the United States, the currency or currencies including composite currencies in which the preferred stock is denominated and/or in which payments will or may be payable;

• any conversion provisions;

• whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities or other securities of ours, and, if applicable, the exchange price, or how it will be calculated, and under what circumstances it may be adjusted, and the exchange period;

• any voting rights;

• any preemptive rights;

• any restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment;

• whether we have elected to offer depositary shares;

• a discussion of any material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock; and

• any other rights, preferences, privileges, limitations and restrictions on the preferred stock.

The preferred stock will, when issued, be fully paid and non-assessable. Unless otherwise specified in the prospectus supplement, each series of preferred stock will rank equally as to dividends and liquidation rights in all respects with each other series of preferred stock. The rights of holders of shares of each series of preferred stock will be subordinate to those of our general creditors.

Transfer Agent and Registrar. The transfer agent and registrar for the preferred stock will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and Delaware Law That May Have Anti-Takeover Effects

Certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws may have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or of discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire, control of us. Such provisions could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock and may limit the ability of stockholders to remove current management or directors or approve transactions that stockholders may deem to be in their best interest and, therefore, could adversely affect the price of our common stock.

No Cumulative Voting. The Delaware General Corporation Law (the DGCL) provides that stockholders are not entitled to the right to accumulate votes in the election of directors unless our Certificate of Incorporation provides otherwise. Our Certificate of Incorporation does not provide for cumulative voting, therefore allowing the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors to elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose.

Board of Directors. Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws provide for a board of directors divided as nearly equally as possible into three classes. Each class is elected to a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders held in the third year following the year of such election. The number of directors comprising our board of directors may be changed from time to time only by resolution of the board of directors.

Removal of Directors by Stockholders. Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that, subject to the rights of any series of preferred stock to elect directors, directors may only be removed for cause, which removal may be

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effected, subject to any limitation imposed by law, by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all of our then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors.

Board Vacancies Filled Only by Majority of Directors Then in Office. Vacancies and newly created seats on our board may be filled only by a majority of the directors then in office, even if less than a quorum. Further, only our board of directors may determine the number of directors on our board. The inability of stockholders to determine the number of directors or to fill vacancies or newly created seats on the board makes it more difficult to change the composition of our board of directors.

Stockholder Nomination of Directors. Our Bylaws provide that a stockholder seeking to present proposals before a meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at a meeting of stockholders must notify us in writing of any proposal or stockholder nomination of a director, which notice must be received not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day and not later than the close of business on the 90th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, that if the date of the annual meeting is advanced or delayed by more than 30 days from such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (x) the 90th day prior to the date of such meeting and (y) the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such annual meeting is first made by us. Our Bylaws also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder’s notice.

Special Meetings. Our Bylaws provide that special meetings of the stockholders may be called only by the chairperson of our board of directors, our chief executive officer or the president, if the chairperson of the board of directors is unavailable, or by our board of directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of authorized directors, and not by our stockholders.

No Action By Written Consent. Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that our stockholders may not act by written consent or electronic transmission and may only act at duly called meetings of stockholders.

Undesignated Preferred Stock. As discussed above, our board of directors has the ability to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change control of our company. These and other provisions may have the effect of deferring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of us.

Except for the provisions relating to cumulative voting and undesignated preferred stock, the amendment of any of the above provisions would require approval by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all of our then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.

These provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in our control or in our management. These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and in the policies they implement, and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change of our control. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, such provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they also may inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. We believe that the benefits of these provisions, including increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure our company, outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging takeover proposals, because negotiation of takeover proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.

Delaware Business Combination Statute. We are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL (Section 203), which prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in business combinations with an interested stockholder. An

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“interested stockholder” is generally defined as an entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation or any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by such entity or person. Section 203 provides that an interested stockholder may not engage in business combinations with the corporation for a period of three years after the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, with the following exceptions:

• before such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

• upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction began, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

• on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

In general, Section 203 defines a “business combination” to include the following:

• any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

• any sale, lease, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation to or with the interested stockholder;

• subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

• any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; or

• the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits by or through the corporation.

Choice of Forum

Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if and only if the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware lacks subject matter jurisdiction, any state court located within the State of Delaware or, if and only if all such state courts lack subject matter jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) is the sole and exclusive forum for the following types of actions or proceedings under Delaware statutory or common law: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii) any action or proceeding asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our current or former directors, officers or other employees to us or our stockholders; (iii) any action or proceeding asserting a claim against us or any of our current or former directors, officers or other employees, arising out of or pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, our Certificate of Incorporation or our Bylaws; (iv) any action or proceeding to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of our Certificate of Incorporation or our Bylaws; (v) any action or proceeding as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction to the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; and (vi) any action asserting a claim against us or any of our directors, officers or other employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine. This provision would not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the U.S. federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Nothing in our restated Certificate of Incorporation precludes stockholders that assert claims under the Securities Act from bringing such claims in state or federal court, subject to applicable law. Our amended and restated Certificate of Incorporation further provides that the federal district courts of the United States are the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action under the Securities Act, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum.

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

We may issue warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities. We may offer warrants separately or together with one or more additional warrants, common stock, preferred stock or debt securities, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from those securities. The applicable prospectus supplement will also describe the following terms of any warrants:

• the specific designation and aggregate number of, and the offering price at which we will issue, the warrants;

• the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable;

• the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will begin and the date on which that right will expire or, if you may not continuously exercise the warrants throughout that period, the specific date or dates on which you may exercise the warrants;

• whether the warrants will be issued in definitive or global form or in any combination of these forms;

• any applicable material U.S. federal income tax consequences;

• the identity of the warrant agent for the warrants and of any other depositaries, execution or paying agents, transfer agents, registrars or other agents;

• the proposed listing, if any, of the warrants or any securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants on any securities exchange;

• the designation and terms of any equity securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants;

• the designation, aggregate principal amount, currency and terms of any debt securities that may be purchased upon exercise of the warrants;

• if applicable, the designation and terms of the preferred stock with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each security;

• the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable upon exercise of a warrant and the price at which those shares may be purchased;

• if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of the warrants that may be exercised at any one time;

• information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;

• the anti-dilution provisions of, and other provisions for changes to or adjustment in the exercise price of, the warrants, if any;

• the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrants;

• any redemption or call provisions; and

• any additional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange or exercise of the warrants.

Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including:

• in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the right to receive payments of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities purchasable upon exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture; or

• in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the right to receive dividends, if any, or payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.

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Exercise of Warrants

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable prospectus supplement at the exercise price that we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants at any time up to the specified time on the expiration date that we set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may exercise the warrants by delivering the warrant certificate representing the warrants to be exercised together with specified information, and paying the required amount to the warrant agent in immediately available funds, as provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will set forth on the reverse side of the warrant certificate and in the applicable prospectus supplement the information that the holder of the warrant will be required to deliver to the warrant agent in connection with the exercise of the warrant.

Upon receipt of the required payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If fewer than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate are exercised, then we will issue a new warrant certificate for the remaining amount of warrants. If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may surrender securities as all or part of the exercise price for warrants.

Governing Law

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the warrants and warrant agreements, and any claim, controversy or dispute arising under or related to the warrants or warrant agreements, will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants

Each warrant agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.

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FORMS OF SECURITIES

Each debt security and warrant will be represented either by a certificate issued in definitive form to a particular investor or by one or more global securities representing the entire issuance of securities. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement provides otherwise, certificated securities in definitive form and global securities will be issued in registered form. Definitive securities name you or your nominee as the owner of the security, and in order to transfer or exchange these securities or to receive payments other than interest or other interim payments, you or your nominee must physically deliver the securities to the trustee, registrar, paying agent or other agent, as applicable. Global securities name a depositary or its nominee as the owner of the debt securities or warrants represented by these global securities. The depositary maintains a computerized system that will reflect each investor’s beneficial ownership of the securities through an account maintained by the investor with its broker/dealer, bank, trust company or other representative, as we explain more fully below.

Global Securities

We may issue the debt securities of a particular series and warrants in the form of one or more fully registered global securities that will be deposited with a depositary or its nominee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement and registered in the name of that depositary or nominee. In those cases, one or more global securities will be issued in a denomination or aggregate denominations equal to the portion of the aggregate principal or face amount of the securities to be represented by global securities. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole for securities in definitive registered form, a global security may not be transferred except as a whole by and among the depositary for the global security, the nominees of the depositary or any successors of the depositary or those nominees.

If not described below, any specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to any securities to be represented by a global security will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to those securities. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depositary arrangements.

Ownership of beneficial interests in a global security will be limited to persons, called participants, that have accounts with the depositary or persons that may hold interests through participants. Upon the issuance of a global security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants’ accounts with the respective principal or face amounts of the securities beneficially owned by the participants. Any dealers, underwriters or agents participating in the distribution of the securities will designate the accounts to be credited. Ownership of beneficial interests in a global security will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary, with respect to interests of participants, and on the records of participants, with respect to interests of persons holding through participants. The laws of some states may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of these securities in definitive form. These laws may impair your ability to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in global securities.

So long as the depositary, or its nominee, is the registered owner of a global security, that depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the securities represented by the global security for all purposes under the applicable indenture or warrant agreement. Except as described below, owners of beneficial interests in a global security will not be entitled to have the securities represented by the global security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the securities in definitive form and will not be considered the owners or holders of the securities under the applicable indenture or warrant agreement. Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary for that global security and, if that person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which the person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under the applicable indenture or warrant agreement. We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the applicable indenture or warrant

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agreement, the depositary for the global security would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take that action, and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through them to give or take that action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.

Principal, premium, if any, and interest payments on debt securities, and any payments to holders with respect to warrants, represented by a global security registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of the global security. None of us, or any trustee, warrant agent or other agent of ours, or any agent of any trustee or warrant agent will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to those beneficial ownership interests.

We expect that the depositary for any of the securities represented by a global security, upon receipt of any payment to holders of principal, premium, interest or other distribution of underlying securities or other property on that registered global security, will immediately credit participants’ accounts in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in that global security as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in a global security held through participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of those participants.

If the depositary for any of the securities represented by a global security is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and a successor depositary registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act is not appointed by us within 90 days, we will issue securities in definitive form in exchange for the global security that had been held by the depositary. Any securities issued in definitive form in exchange for a global security will be registered in the name or names that the depositary gives to the relevant trustee, warrant agent or other relevant agent of ours or theirs. It is expected that the depositary’s instructions will be based upon directions received by the depositary from participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the global security that had been held by the depositary.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell securities:

• through underwriters;

• through dealers;

• through agents;

• directly to purchasers; or

• through a combination of any of these methods of sale.

In addition, we may issue the securities as a dividend or distribution or in a subscription rights offering to our existing security holders. This prospectus may be used in connection with any offering of our securities through any of these methods or other methods described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

We may directly solicit offers to purchase securities, or agents may be designated to solicit such offers. We will, in the prospectus supplement relating to such offering, name any agent that could be viewed as an underwriter under the Securities Act, and describe any commissions that we must pay. Any such agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment or, if indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, on a firm commitment basis.

The distribution of the securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions:

• at a fixed price, or prices, which may be changed from time to time;

• at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;

• at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or

• at negotiated prices.

We may also sell equity securities covered by this registration statement in an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. Such offering may be made into an existing trading market for such securities in transactions at other than a fixed price, either:

• on or through the facilities of The Nasdaq Global Select Market or any other securities exchange or quotation or trading service on which such securities may be listed, quoted or traded at the time of sale; and/or

• to or through a market maker other than on The Nasdaq Global Select Market or such other securities exchanges or quotation or trading services.

Such “at the market offerings”, if any, may be conducted by underwriters acting as principal or agent.

Each prospectus supplement will describe the method of distribution of the securities and any applicable restrictions.

The prospectus supplement with respect to the securities of a particular series will describe the terms of the offering of the securities, including the following:

• the name of the agent or any underwriters;

• the public offering or purchase price and the proceeds we will receive from the sale of the securities;

• any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;

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• any discounts and commissions to be allowed or re-allowed or paid to the agent or underwriters;

• all other items constituting underwriting compensation;

• any discounts and commissions to be allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers; and

• any exchanges on which the securities will be listed.

If any underwriters or agents are utilized in the sale of the securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered, we will enter into an underwriting agreement or other agreement with them at the time of sale to them, and we will set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to such offering the names of the underwriters or agents and the terms of the related agreement with them.

If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities in respect of which this prospectus is delivered, we will sell such securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell such securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by such dealer at the time of resale.

If we offer securities in a subscription rights offering to our existing security holders, we may enter into a standby underwriting agreement with dealers, acting as standby underwriters. We may pay the standby underwriters a commitment fee for the securities they commit to purchase on a standby basis. If we do not enter into a standby underwriting arrangement, we may retain a dealer-manager to manage a subscription rights offering for us.

Remarketing firms, agents, underwriters, dealers and other persons may be entitled under agreements which they may enter into with us to indemnification by us against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or contribution with respect to payments that the agents or underwriters may make with respect to these liabilities, and may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business.

If so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize underwriters or other persons acting as our agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase securities from us pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date stated in the prospectus supplement. Each contract will be for an amount not less than, and the aggregate amount of securities sold pursuant to such contracts shall not be less nor more than, the respective amounts stated in the prospectus supplement. Institutions with whom the contracts, when authorized, may be made include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and other institutions, but shall in all cases be subject to our approval. Delayed delivery contracts will not be subject to any conditions except that:

• the purchase by an institution of the securities covered under that contract shall not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of the jurisdiction to which that institution is subject; and

• if the securities are also being sold to underwriters acting as principals for their own account, the underwriters shall have purchased such securities not sold for delayed delivery. The underwriters and other persons acting as our agents will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity or performance of delayed delivery contracts.

Certain agents, underwriters and dealers, and their associates and affiliates may be customers of, have borrowing relationships with, engage in other transactions with, and/or perform services, including investment banking services, for us or one or more of our respective affiliates in the ordinary course of business.

In order to facilitate the offering of the securities, any underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities or any other securities the prices of which may be used to determine payments on such securities. Specifically, any underwriters may overallot in connection with the

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offering, creating a short position for their own accounts. In addition, to cover overallotments or to stabilize the price of the securities or of any such other securities, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, the securities or any such other securities in the open market. Finally, in any offering of the securities through a syndicate of underwriters, the underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing the securities in the offering if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions or otherwise. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities above independent market levels. Any such underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these activities at any time.

Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Exchange Act, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in one business day, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. The applicable prospectus supplement may provide that the original issue date for your securities may be more than one scheduled business day after the trade date for your securities. Accordingly, in such a case, if you wish to trade securities on any date prior to the business day before the original issue date for your securities, you will be required, by virtue of the fact that your securities initially are expected to settle in more than one scheduled business day after the trade date for your securities, to make alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement.

The securities may be new issues of securities and may have no established trading market. The securities may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. Any underwriters may make a market in these securities, but will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We can make no assurance as to the liquidity of or the existence of trading markets for any of the securities.

Any underwriters who are qualified market makers on The Nasdaq Global Select Market may engage in passive market making transactions in the securities on The Nasdaq Global Select Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M, during the business day prior to the pricing of the offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the securities. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded. Passive market making may stabilize the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

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LEGAL MATTERS

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement indicates otherwise, the validity of the securities in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered will be passed upon by Gunderson Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Franklin & Hachigian, LLP.

EXPERTS

Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, as set forth in their reports, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLP’s reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

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    Shares of Common Stock

Prospectus Supplement

Leerink Partners

Morgan Stanley

Evercore ISI

Raymond James

November  , 2026