[424B2] Inverse VIX Short-Term Futures ETNs due March 22, 2045 Prospectus Supplement

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Citigroup Global Markets Holdings Inc. (guaranteed by Citigroup Inc.) is marketing an unsecured, senior structured note – “Callable Contingent Coupon Equity-Linked Securities” – that references the worst-performing of three underlyings: the Nasdaq-100 Index, the Russell 2000 Index and the Utilities Select Sector SPDR Fund (ticker XLU). The notes will be issued at $1,000 par on 23 Jul 2025 and, unless called, mature on 22 Apr 2027.

Coupon mechanics. On each monthly valuation date the note pays a contingent coupon of at least 0.9583% (≈ 11.50% p.a.) only if the worst-performing underlying closes at or above 70% of its initial level (the “coupon barrier”). If the worst underlying closes below that threshold, the investor forgoes that coupon. Coupons are therefore neither fixed nor cumulative.

Issuer call feature. Citigroup may redeem the notes in full on any of 18 scheduled potential redemption dates beginning 20 Oct 2025. If called, holders receive par plus any due coupon, ending further upside from the high yield feature and exposing investors to reinvestment risk.

Principal repayment. At maturity, if the notes have not been called and the worst underlying finishes ≥ 70% of its initial value (the “final barrier”), investors receive par plus the final coupon (if earned). If the worst underlying settles < 70%, principal is repaid on a 1-for-1 basis with the underlying loss; a decline of 30%–100% translates into a loss of 30%–100% of principal, with no floor.

Economic terms & fees. Issue price is $1,000; estimated value on the pricing date is expected to be ≥ $936.50, implying roughly 6.35% in embedded upfront costs (underwriting fee up to $6.50 plus structuring/hedging costs). The notes will not be listed, and Citigroup (through CGMI) may, but is not obligated to, make a secondary market. All payments are subject to the credit risk of both Citigroup Global Markets Holdings Inc. and its parent guarantor, Citigroup Inc.

Key risks highlighted. 1) Contingent and non-cumulative coupon; 2) Worst-of structure amplifies downside; 3) Early call limits income potential; 4) Liquidity likely thin; 5) Estimated value below issue price; 6) Complex U.S. tax treatment and potential 30% withholding for non-U.S. investors; 7) Investors bear Citigroup credit risk.

Target investor. Sophisticated income-oriented investors comfortable with equity index volatility, issuer credit risk and the possibility of losing principal in exchange for double-digit conditional yield.

Positive

• Double-digit contingent coupon of ≈11.5% p.a. offers materially higher carry than conventional Citi senior notes of similar maturity.
• 70% barrier provides partial downside buffer; if the worst underlying finishes above it, principal is fully repaid.
• Full guarantee by Citigroup Inc. adds an additional layer of credit support relative to non-guaranteed issuers.

Negative

• Worst-of three underlyings magnifies downside; one index breach below barrier triggers principal loss and coupon cancellation.
• Issuer call optionality allows Citi to redeem when conditions favour investors, capping upside and creating reinvestment risk.
• Estimated value ($≈936.5) is below issue price, indicating ~6% upfront cost to investors.
• No exchange listing; secondary liquidity depends solely on CGMI, potentially at a significant discount.
• Complex tax treatment with possible 30% withholding for non-U.S. holders and uncertain IRS characterization.

Insights

Structured Products Analyst

TL;DR High conditional yield (≈11.5%) but worst-of, callable, and 70% barrier expose investors to significant principal and coupon risk.

The note offers an above-market headline coupon because investors are effectively selling a series of down-and-in puts on three correlated yet volatile equity benchmarks. The 70% coupon/final barriers are standard for two-year tenor structures but still leave material probability of breaching, especially given the inclusion of the small-cap Russell 2000. Citi’s unilateral call right skews outcomes toward the issuer: if underlyings perform favourably early, coupons stop and principal is merely returned. If performance deteriorates, Citi is unlikely to call, leaving investors exposed. With an estimated value ~6% below issue price and limited liquidity, secondary exits could be costly. From a portfolio perspective the notes may appeal to tactical yield seekers who anticipate range-bound markets over the next 21 months and who maintain a positive view on Citi’s credit. Overall, risk-adjusted appeal is neutral at best.

Risk Analyst

TL;DR Structure concentrates downside: one index drop below -30% triggers dollar-for-dollar principal loss; coupons can vanish entirely.

The multi-underlying worst-of design sharply increases tail risk relative to single-index notes. Historical drawdowns show that both the Russell 2000 and Nasdaq-100 have breached –30% multiple times over two-year windows, meaning probability of principal impairment is non-trivial. Credit risk is secondary but not negligible; Citi trades tighter than peers, yet subordinated investors should price it in. Tax and liquidity uncertainties further complicate valuation. From a pure risk standpoint the note is unfavourable compared with simpler high-grade fixed-income yielding ~5.5% today.

The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not an
offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to completion dated July 9, 2025
July , 2025
Registration Statement Nos. 333-270004 and 333-270004-01; Rule 424(b)(2)
Pricing supplement to product supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023, underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023, the prospectus and
prospectus supplement, each dated April 13, 2023, and the prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024
JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC
Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least
Performing of the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares®
Russell 2000 ETF and the SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust due July
15, 2027
Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co.
● The notes are designed for investors who seek a Contingent Interest Payment with respect to each Review Date for which
the closing price of one share of each of the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust, which we refer to as the Funds, is greater than or equal to 80.00% of its Initial Value, which
we refer to as an Interest Barrier.
● If the closing price of one share of each Fund is greater than or equal to its Interest Barrier on any Review Date, investors
will receive, in addition to the Contingent Interest Payment with respect to that Review Date, any previously unpaid
Contingent Interest Payments for prior Review Dates.
● The notes will be automatically called if the closing price of one share of each Fund on any Review Date (other than the first
and final Review Dates) is greater than or equal to its Initial Value.
● The earliest date on which an automatic call may be initiated is January 12, 2026.
● Investors should be willing to accept the risk of losing some or all of their principal and the risk that no Contingent Interest
Payment may be made with respect to some or all Review Dates.
● Investors should also be willing to forgo fixed interest and dividend payments, in exchange for the opportunity to receive
Contingent Interest Payments.
● The notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, which we refer to as
JPMorgan Financial, the payment on which is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by JPMorgan Chase & Co. Any
payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Financial, as issuer of the notes, and the credit risk
of JPMorgan Chase & Co., as guarantor of the notes.
● Payments on the notes are not linked to a basket composed of the Funds. Payments on the notes are linked to the
performance of each of the Funds individually, as described below.
● Minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof
● The notes are expected to price on or about July 11, 2025 and are expected to settle on or about July 16, 2025.
● CUSIP: 48136FRK0
Investing in the notes involves a number of risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying
prospectus supplement, Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-11 of
the accompanying product supplement and “Selected Risk Considerations” beginning on page PS-5 of this pricing
supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of
the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying product supplement,
underlying supplement, prospectus supplement, prospectus and prospectus addendum. Any representation to the contrary is a
criminal offense.
Price to Public (1)
Fees and Commissions (2)
Proceeds to Issuer
Per note
$1,000
$
$
Total
$
$
$
(1) See “Supplemental Use of Proceeds” in this pricing supplement for information about the components of the price to public of the notes.
(2) J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Financial, will pay all of the selling commissions it
receives from us to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers. In no event will these selling commissions exceed $4.00 per $1,000 principal
amount note. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying product supplement.
If the notes priced today, the estimated value of the notes would be approximately $983.20 per $1,000 principal amount
note. The estimated value of the notes, when the terms of the notes are set, will be provided in the pricing supplement and
will not be less than $950.00 per $1,000 principal amount note. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing
supplement for additional information.
The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency
and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

PS-1| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
Key Terms
Issuer: JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC, a direct,
wholly owned finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Guarantor: JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Funds: The Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1 (Bloomberg ticker:
QQQ), the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF (Bloomberg ticker: IWM)
and the SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust (Bloomberg ticker: SPY)
(each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”)
Contingent Interest Payments:
If the notes have not been automatically called and the closing
price of one share of each Fund on any Review Date is greater
than or equal to its Interest Barrier, you will receive on the
applicable Interest Payment Date for each $1,000 principal
amount note a Contingent Interest Payment equal to at least
$26.50 (equivalent to a Contingent Interest Rate of at least
10.60% per annum, payable at a rate of at least 2.65% per
quarter) (to be provided in the pricing supplement), plus any
previously unpaid Contingent Interest Payments for any prior
Review Dates.
If the Contingent Interest Payment is not paid on any Interest
Payment Date, that unpaid Contingent Interest Payment will be
paid on a later Interest Payment Date if the closing price of one
share of each Fund on the Review Date related to that later
Interest Payment Date is greater than or equal to its Interest
Barrier. You will not receive any unpaid Contingent Interest
Payments if the closing price of one share of any Fund on each
subsequent Review Date is less than its Interest Barrier.
Contingent Interest Rate: At least 10.60% per annum, payable
at a rate of at least 2.65% per quarter (to be provided in the
pricing supplement)
Interest Barrier: With respect to each Fund, 80.00% of its
Initial Value
Trigger Value: With respect to each Fund, 70.00% of its Initial
Value
Pricing Date: On or about July 11, 2025
Original Issue Date (Settlement Date): On or about July 16,
2025
Review Dates*: October 13, 2025, January 12, 2026, April 13,
2026, July 13, 2026, October 12, 2026, January 11, 2027, April
12, 2027 and July 12, 2027 (final Review Date)
Interest Payment Dates*: October 16, 2025, January 15, 2026,
April 16, 2026, July 16, 2026, October 15, 2026, January 14,
2027, April 15, 2027 and the Maturity Date
Maturity Date*: July 15, 2027
Call Settlement Date*: If the notes are automatically called on
any Review Date (other than the first and final Review Dates),
the first Interest Payment Date immediately following that
Review Date
* Subject to postponement in the event of a market disruption event and
as described under “General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a
Determination Date — Notes Linked to Multiple Underlyings” and
“General Terms of Notes — Postponement of a Payment Date” in the
accompanying product supplement
Automatic Call:
If the closing price of one share of each Fund on any Review
Date (other than the first and final Review Dates) is greater than
or equal to its Initial Value, the notes will be automatically called
for a cash payment, for each $1,000 principal amount note,
equal to (a) $1,000 plus (b) the Contingent Interest Payment
applicable to that Review Date plus (c) any previously unpaid
Contingent Interest Payments for any prior Review Dates,
payable on the applicable Call Settlement Date. No further
payments will be made on the notes.
Payment at Maturity:
If the notes have not been automatically called and the Final
Value of each Fund is greater than or equal to its Trigger Value,
you will receive a cash payment at maturity, for each $1,000
principal amount note, equal to (a) $1,000 plus (b) the
Contingent Interest Payment, if any, applicable to the final
Review Date plus (c) if the Contingent Interest Payment
applicable to the final Review Date is payable, any previously
unpaid Contingent Interest Payments for any prior Review
Dates.
If the notes have not been automatically called and the Final
Value of any Fund is less than its Trigger Value, your payment
at maturity per $1,000 principal amount note will be calculated
as follows:
$1,000 + ($1,000 × Least Performing Fund Return)
If the notes have not been automatically called and the Final
Value of any Fund is less than its Trigger Value, you will lose
more than 30.00% of your principal amount at maturity and
could lose all of your principal amount at maturity.
Least Performing Fund: The Fund with the Least Performing
Fund Return
Least Performing Fund Return: The lowest of the Fund
Returns of the Funds
Fund Return: With respect to each Fund,
(Final Value – Initial Value)
Initial Value
Initial Value: With respect to each Fund, the closing price of
one share of that Fund on the Pricing Date
Final Value: With respect to each Fund, the closing price of
one share of that Fund on the final Review Date
Share Adjustment Factor: With respect to each Fund, the
Share Adjustment Factor is referenced in determining the
closing price of one share of that Fund and is set equal to 1.0
on the Pricing Date. The Share Adjustment Factor of each
Fund is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain
events affecting that Fund. See “The Underlyings — Funds —
Anti-Dilution Adjustments” in the accompanying product
supplement for further information.

PS-2| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
Supplemental Terms of the Notes
Any value of any underlier, and any values derived therefrom, included in this pricing supplement may be corrected, in the event of
manifest error or inconsistency, by amendment of this pricing supplement and the corresponding terms of the notes. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary in the indenture governing the notes, that amendment will become effective without consent of the holders of
the notes or any other party.
How the Notes Work
Payment in Connection with the First Review Date
First Review Date
Compare the closing price of one share of each Fund to its Interest Barrier on the first Review Date.
The closing price of one share of each Fund is greater
than or equal to its Interest Barrier.
You will receive a Contingent Interest Payment on the
applicable Interest Payment Date.
Proceed to the next Review Date.
The closing price of one share of any Fund is less than
its Interest Barrier.
No Contingent Interest Payment will be made with respect to
the applicable Review Date.
Proceed to the next Review Date.
Payments in Connection with Review Dates (Other than the First and Final Review Dates)
Review Dates (Other than the First and Final Review Dates)
Initial
Value
Compare the closing price of one share of each Fund to its Initial Value and its Interest Barrier on each Review Date
until the final Review Date or any earlier automatic call.
The closing price of
one share of each
Fund is greater
than or equal to its
Initial Value.
Automatic Call
The notes will be automatically called on the applicable Call Settlement Date, and you will
receive (a) $1,000 plus (b) the Contingent Interest Payment applicable to that Review
Date plus (c) any previously unpaid Contingent Interest Payments for any prior Review
Dates.
No further payments will be made on the notes.
The closing price of
one share of any
Fund is less than
its Initial Value.
No
Automatic
Call
The closing price of one
share of each Fund is
greater than or equal
to its Interest Barrier.
You will receive (a) a Contingent Interest
Payment on the applicable Interest
Payment Date plus (b) any previously
unpaid Contingent Interest Payments for
any prior Review Dates.
Proceed to the next Review Date.
The closing price of one
share of any Fund is
less than its Interest
Barrier.
No Contingent Interest Payment will be
made with respect to the applicable
Review Date.
Proceed to the next Review Date.

PS-3| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
Payment at Maturity If the Notes Have Not Been Automatically Called
Review Dates
Preceding the Final
Review Date
Final Review Date
Payment at Maturity
The notes are not
automatically called.
The Final Value of each Fund is greater than
or equal to its Trigger Value.
You will receive (a) $1,000 plus (b) the
Contingent Interest Payment, if any,
applicable to the final Review Date plus
(c) if the Contingent Interest Payment
applicable to the final Review Date is
payable, any previously unpaid
Contingent Interest Payments for any
prior Review Dates.
Proceed to maturity
The Final Value of any Fund is less than its
Trigger Value.
You will receive:
$1,000 + ($1,000 × Least Performing
Fund Return)
Under these circumstances, you will
lose some or all of your principal
amount at maturity.
Total Contingent Interest Payments
The table below illustrates the hypothetical total Contingent Interest Payments per $1,000 principal amount note over the term of the
notes based on a hypothetical Contingent Interest Rate of 10.60% per annum, depending on how many Contingent Interest Payments
are made prior to automatic call or maturity. The actual Contingent Interest Rate will be provided in the pricing supplement and will be
at least 10.60% per annum.
Number of Contingent
Interest Payments
Total Contingent Interest
Payments
8
$212.00
7
$185.50
6
$159.00
5
$132.50
4
$106.00
3
$79.50
2
$53.00
1
$26.50
0
$0.00
Hypothetical Payout Examples
The following examples illustrate payments on the notes linked to three hypothetical Funds, assuming a range of performances for the
hypothetical Least Performing Fund on the Review Dates. Solely for purposes of this section, the Least Performing Fund with
respect to each Review Date is the least performing of the Funds determined based on the closing price of one share of each
Fund on that Review Date compared with its Initial Value.
The hypothetical payments set forth below assume the following:
● an Initial Value for each Fund of $100.00;
● an Interest Barrier for each Fund of $80.00 (equal to 80.00% of its hypothetical Initial Value);
● a Trigger Value for each Fund of $70.00 (equal to 70.00% of its hypothetical Initial Value); and
● a Contingent Interest Rate of 10.60% per annum (payable at a rate of 2.65% per quarter).
The hypothetical Initial Value of each Fund of $100.00 has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and may not represent a likely
actual Initial Value of any Fund.
The actual Initial Value of each Fund will be the closing price of one share of that Fund on the Pricing Date and will be provided in the
pricing supplement. For historical data regarding the actual closing prices of one share of each Fund, please see the historical
information set forth under “The Funds” in this pricing supplement.
Each hypothetical payment set forth below is for illustrative purposes only and may not be the actual payment applicable to a purchaser
of the notes. The numbers appearing in the following examples have been rounded for ease of analysis.

PS-4| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
Example 1 — Notes are automatically called on the second Review Date.
Date
Closing Price of One
Share of Least
Performing Fund
Payment (per $1,000 principal amount note)
First Review Date
$105.00
$26.50
Second Review Date
$110.00
$1,026.50
Total Payment
$1,053.00 (5.30% return)
Because the closing price of one share of each Fund on the second Review Date is greater than or equal to its Initial Value, the notes
will be automatically called for a cash payment, for each $1,000 principal amount note, of $1,026.50 (or $1,000 plus the Contingent
Interest Payment applicable to the second Review Date), payable on the applicable Call Settlement Date. The notes are not
automatically callable before the second Review Date, even though the closing price of one share of each Fund on the first Review
Date is greater than its Initial Value. When added to the Contingent Interest Payment received with respect to the prior Review Date,
the total amount paid, for each $1,000 principal amount note, is $1,053.00. No further payments will be made on the notes.
Example 2 — Notes have NOT been automatically called and the Final Value of the Least Performing Fund is
greater than or equal to its Trigger Value and its Interest Barrier.
Date
Closing Price of One
Share of Least
Performing Fund
Payment (per $1,000 principal amount note)
First Review Date
$95.00
$26.50
Second Review Date
$85.00
$26.50
Third through Seventh
Review Dates
Less than Interest Barrier
$0
Final Review Date
$90.00
$1,159.00
Total Payment
$1,212.00 (21.20% return)
Because the notes have not been automatically called and the Final Value of the Least Performing Fund is greater than or equal to its
Trigger Value and its Interest Barrier, the payment at maturity, for each $1,000 principal amount note, will be $1,159.00 (or $1,000 plus
the Contingent Interest Payment applicable to the final Review Date plus the unpaid Contingent Interest Payments for any prior Review
Dates). When added to the Contingent Interest Payments received with respect to the prior Review Dates, the total amount paid, for
each $1,000 principal amount note, is $1,212.00.
Example 3 — Notes have NOT been automatically called and the Final Value of the Least Performing Fund is less
than its Interest Barrier but is greater than or equal to its Trigger Value.
Date
Closing Price of One
Share of Least
Performing Fund
Payment (per $1,000 principal amount note)
First Review Date
$90.00
$26.50
Second Review Date
$85.00
$26.50
Third through Seventh
Review Dates
Less than Interest Barrier
$0
Final Review Date
$70.00
$1,000.00
Total Payment
$1,053.00 (5.30% return)
Because the notes have not been automatically called and the Final Value of the Least Performing Fund is less than its Interest Barrier
but is greater than or equal to its Trigger Value, the payment at maturity, for each $1,000 principal amount note, will be $1,000.00.
When added to the Contingent Interest Payments received with respect to the prior Review Dates, the total amount paid, for each
$1,000 principal amount note, is $1,053.00.

PS-5| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
Example 4 — Notes have NOT been automatically called and the Final Value of the Least Performing Fund is less
than its Trigger Value.
Date
Closing Price of One
Share of Least
Performing Fund
Payment (per $1,000 principal amount note)
First Review Date
$60.00
$0
Second Review Date
$65.00
$0
Third through Seventh
Review Dates
Less than Interest Barrier
$0
Final Review Date
$60.00
$600.00
Total Payment
$600.00 (-40.00% return)
Because the notes have not been automatically called, the Final Value of the Least Performing Fund is less than its Trigger Value and
the Least Performing Fund Return is -40.00%, the payment at maturity will be $600.00 per $1,000 principal amount note, calculated as
follows:
$1,000 + [$1,000 × (-40.00%)] = $600.00
The hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments on the notes shown above apply only if you hold the notes for their entire term
or until automatically called. These hypotheticals do not reflect the fees or expenses that would be associated with any sale in the
secondary market. If these fees and expenses were included, the hypothetical returns and hypothetical payments shown above would
likely be lower.
Selected Risk Considerations
An investment in the notes involves significant risks. These risks are explained in more detail in the “Risk Factors” sections of the
accompanying prospectus supplement and product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum.
● YOUR INVESTMENT IN THE NOTES MAY RESULT IN A LOSS —
The notes do not guarantee any return of principal. If the notes have not been automatically called and the Final Value of any Fund
is less than its Trigger Value, you will lose 1% of the principal amount of your notes for every 1% that the Final Value of the Least
Performing Fund is less than its Initial Value. Accordingly, under these circumstances, you will lose more than 30.00% of your
principal amount at maturity and could lose all of your principal amount at maturity.
● THE NOTES DO NOT GUARANTEE THE PAYMENT OF INTEREST AND MAY NOT PAY ANY INTEREST AT ALL —
If the notes have not been automatically called, we will make a Contingent Interest Payment with respect to a Review Date (and we
will pay you any previously unpaid Contingent Interest Payments for any prior Review Dates) only if the closing price of one share
of each Fund on that Review Date is greater than or equal to its Interest Barrier. If the closing price of one share of any Fund on
that Review Date is less than its Interest Barrier, no Contingent Interest Payment will be made with respect to that Review Date.
You will not receive any unpaid Contingent Interest Payments if the closing price of one share of any Fund on each subsequent
Review Date is less than its Interest Barrier. Accordingly, if the closing price of one share of any Fund on each Review Date is less
than its Interest Barrier, you will not receive any interest payments over the term of the notes.
● CREDIT RISKS OF JPMORGAN FINANCIAL AND JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. —
Investors are dependent on our and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential
change in our or JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking that credit
risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we and JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to default on our payment
obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.
● AS A FINANCE SUBSIDIARY, JPMORGAN FINANCIAL HAS NO INDEPENDENT OPERATIONS AND HAS LIMITED ASSETS
—
As a finance subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co., we have no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of
our securities and the collection of intercompany obligations. Aside from the initial capital contribution from JPMorgan Chase & Co.,
substantially all of our assets relate to obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. to make payments under loans made by us to
JPMorgan Chase & Co. or under other intercompany agreements. As a result, we are dependent upon payments from JPMorgan
Chase & Co. to meet our obligations under the notes. We are not a key operating subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and in a
bankruptcy or resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. we are not expected to have sufficient resources to meet our obligations in
respect of the notes as they come due. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. does not make payments to us and we are unable to make
payments on the notes, you may have to seek payment under the related guarantee by JPMorgan Chase & Co., and that
guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. For more
information, see the accompanying prospectus addendum.
● THE APPRECIATION POTENTIAL OF THE NOTES IS LIMITED TO THE SUM OF ANY CONTINGENT INTEREST PAYMENTS
THAT MAY BE PAID OVER THE TERM OF THE NOTES,
regardless of any appreciation of any Fund, which may be significant. You will not participate in any appreciation of any Fund.

PS-6| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
● POTENTIAL CONFLICTS —
We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the notes. In performing these duties, our and JPMorgan Chase &
Co.’s economic interests are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading
activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the
value of the notes declines. Please refer to “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest” in the accompanying product
supplement.
● JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. IS CURRENTLY ONE OF THE COMPANIES THAT MAKE UP THE SPDR® S&P 500® ETF TRUST
AND ITS UNDERLYING INDEX,
but JPMorgan Chase & Co. will not have any obligation to consider your interests in taking any corporate action that might affect
the price of one share of the SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust or the level of its Underlying Index (as defined under “The Funds”
below).
● THERE ARE RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE FUNDS —
The Funds are subject to management risk, which is the risk that the investment strategies of the applicable Fund’s investment
adviser, the implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints, may not produce the intended results. These constraints
could adversely affect the market prices of the shares of the Funds and, consequently, the value of the notes.
● THE PERFORMANCE AND MARKET VALUE OF EACH FUND, PARTICULARLY DURING PERIODS OF MARKET
VOLATILITY, MAY NOT CORRELATE WITH THE PERFORMANCE OF THAT FUND’S UNDERLYING INDEX AS WELL AS
THE NET ASSET VALUE PER SHARE —
Each Fund does not fully replicate its Underlying Index (as defined under “The Funds” below) and may hold securities different
from those included in its Underlying Index. In addition, the performance of each Fund will reflect additional transaction costs and
fees that are not included in the calculation of its Underlying Index. All of these factors may lead to a lack of correlation between
the performance of each Fund and its Underlying Index. In addition, corporate actions with respect to the equity securities
underlying each Fund (such as mergers and spin-offs) may impact the variance between the performances of that Fund and its
Underlying Index. Finally, because the shares of each Fund are traded on a securities exchange and are subject to market supply
and investor demand, the market value of one share of each Fund may differ from the net asset value per share of that Fund.
During periods of market volatility, securities underlying each Fund may be unavailable in the secondary market, market
participants may be unable to calculate accurately the net asset value per share of that Fund and the liquidity of that Fund may be
adversely affected. This kind of market volatility may also disrupt the ability of market participants to create and redeem shares of
each Fund. Further, market volatility may adversely affect, sometimes materially, the prices at which market participants are willing
to buy and sell shares of a Fund. As a result, under these circumstances, the market value of shares of a Fund may vary
substantially from the net asset value per share of that Fund. For all of the foregoing reasons, the performance of each Fund may
not correlate with the performance of its Underlying Index as well as the net asset value per share of that Fund, which could
materially and adversely affect the value of the notes in the secondary market and/or reduce any payment on the notes.
● AN INVESTMENT IN THE NOTES IS SUBJECT TO RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL CAPITALIZATION STOCKS WITH
RESPECT TO THE iSHARES® RUSSELL 2000 ETF —
Small capitalization companies may be less able to withstand adverse economic, market, trade and competitive conditions relative
to larger companies. Small capitalization companies are less likely to pay dividends on their stocks, and the presence of a dividend
payment could be a factor that limits downward stock price pressure under adverse market conditions.
● NON-U.S. SECURITIES RISK WITH RESPECT TO THE INVESCO QQQ TRUSTSM, SERIES 1 —
The non-U.S. equity securities held by the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1 have been issued by non-U.S. companies. Investments
in securities linked to the value of such non-U.S. equity securities involve risks associated with the home countries and/or the
securities markets in the home countries of the issuers of those non-U.S. equity securities. Also, with respect to equity securities
that are not listed in the U.S., there is generally less publicly available information about companies in some of these jurisdictions
than there is about U.S. companies that are subject to the reporting requirements of the SEC.
● YOU ARE EXPOSED TO THE RISK OF DECLINE IN THE PRICE OF ONE SHARE OF EACH FUND—
Payments on the notes are not linked to a basket composed of the Funds and are contingent upon the performance of each
individual Fund. Poor performance by any of the Funds over the term of the notes may result in the notes not being automatically
called on a Review Date, may negatively affect whether you will receive a Contingent Interest Payment on any Interest Payment
Date and your payment at maturity and will not be offset or mitigated by positive performance by any other Fund.
● YOUR PAYMENT AT MATURITY WILL BE DETERMINED BY THE LEAST PERFORMING FUND.
● THE BENEFIT PROVIDED BY THE TRIGGER VALUE MAY TERMINATE ON THE FINAL REVIEW DATE—
If the Final Value of one share of any Fund is less than its Trigger Value and the notes have not been automatically called, the
benefit provided by the Trigger Value will terminate and you will be fully exposed to any depreciation of the Least Performing Fund.
● THE AUTOMATIC CALL FEATURE MAY FORCE A POTENTIAL EARLY EXIT —
If your notes are automatically called, the term of the notes may be reduced to as short as approximately six months and you will
not receive any Contingent Interest Payments after the applicable Call Settlement Date. There is no guarantee that you would be
able to reinvest the proceeds from an investment in the notes at a comparable return and/or with a comparable interest rate for a
similar level of risk. Even in cases where the notes are called before maturity, you are not entitled to any fees and commissions
described on the front cover of this pricing supplement.
● YOU WILL NOT RECEIVE DIVIDENDS ON ANY FUND OR THE SECURITIES HELD BY ANY FUND OR HAVE ANY RIGHTS
WITH RESPECT TO ANY FUND OR THOSE SECURITIES.

PS-7| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
● THE ANTI-DILUTION PROTECTION FOR THE FUNDS IS LIMITED —
The calculation agent will make adjustments to the Share Adjustment Factor for each Fund for certain events affecting the shares
of that Fund. However, the calculation agent will not make an adjustment in response to all events that could affect the shares of
the Funds. If an event occurs that does not require the calculation agent to make an adjustment, the value of the notes may be
materially and adversely affected.
● THE RISK OF THE CLOSING PRICE OF ONE SHARE OF A FUND FALLING BELOW ITS INTEREST BARRIER OR TRIGGER
VALUE IS GREATER IF THE PRICE OF ONE SHARE OF THAT FUND IS VOLATILE.
● LACK OF LIQUIDITY—
The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. Accordingly, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is likely
to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy the notes. You may not be able to sell your notes. The notes are not
designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity.
● THE FINAL TERMS AND VALUATION OF THE NOTES WILL BE PROVIDED IN THE PRICING SUPPLEMENT —
You should consider your potential investment in the notes based on the minimums for the estimated value of the notes and the
Contingent Interest Rate.
● THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES WILL BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE (PRICE TO PUBLIC) OF
THE NOTES —
The estimated value of the notes is only an estimate determined by reference to several factors. The original issue price of the
notes will exceed the estimated value of the notes because costs associated with selling, structuring and hedging the notes are
included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions, the projected profits, if any, that our
affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging
our obligations under the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
● THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES DOES NOT REPRESENT FUTURE VALUES OF THE NOTES AND MAY DIFFER
FROM OTHERS’ ESTIMATES —
See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
● THE ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES IS DERIVED BY REFERENCE TO AN INTERNAL FUNDING RATE —
The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may
be based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance,
operational and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income
instruments of JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may
prove to be incorrect, and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an
internal funding rate and any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any
secondary market prices of the notes. See “The Estimated Value of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
● THE VALUE OF THE NOTES AS PUBLISHED BY JPMS (AND WHICH MAY BE REFLECTED ON CUSTOMER ACCOUNT
STATEMENTS) MAY BE HIGHER THAN THE THEN-CURRENT ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE NOTES FOR A LIMITED TIME
PERIOD —
We generally expect that some of the costs included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in
connection with any repurchases of your notes by JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period.
See “Secondary Market Prices of the Notes” in this pricing supplement for additional information relating to this initial period.
Accordingly, the estimated value of your notes during this initial period may be lower than the value of the notes as published by
JPMS (and which may be shown on your customer account statements).
● SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL LIKELY BE LOWER THAN THE ORIGINAL ISSUE PRICE OF THE
NOTES —
Any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the original issue price of the notes because, among other
things, secondary market prices take into account our internal secondary market funding rates for structured debt issuances and,
also, because secondary market prices may exclude selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, and estimated hedging
costs that are included in the original issue price of the notes. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to buy the
notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, is likely to be lower than the original issue price. Any sale by you prior to
the Maturity Date could result in a substantial loss to you.
● SECONDARY MARKET PRICES OF THE NOTES WILL BE IMPACTED BY MANY ECONOMIC AND MARKET FACTORS —
The secondary market price of the notes during their term will be impacted by a number of economic and market factors, which
may either offset or magnify each other, aside from the selling commissions, projected hedging profits, if any, estimated hedging
costs and the prices of one share of the Funds. Additionally, independent pricing vendors and/or third party broker-dealers may
publish a price for the notes, which may also be reflected on customer account statements. This price may be different (higher or
lower) than the price of the notes, if any, at which JPMS may be willing to purchase your notes in the secondary market. See “Risk
Factors — Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the
notes will be impacted by many economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement.

PS-8| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
The Funds
The Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1 is an exchange-traded fund that seeks to track the investment results, before fees and expenses,
of the Nasdaq-100 Index®, which we refer to as the Underlying Index with respect to the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1. The Nasdaq-
100 Index® is a modified market capitalization-weighted index of 100 of the largest non-financial securities listed on The Nasdaq Stock
Market based on market capitalization. For additional information about the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, see “Fund Descriptions —
The Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1” in the accompanying underlying supplement.
The iShares® Russell 2000 ETF is an exchange-traded fund of iShares® Trust, a registered investment company, that seeks to track the
investment results, before fees and expenses, of an index composed of small-capitalization U.S. equities, which we refer to as the
Underlying Index with respect to the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF. The Underlying Index with respect to the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF
is currently the Russell 2000® Index. The Russell 2000® Index is designed to track the performance of the small capitalization segment
of the U.S. equity market. For additional information about the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF, see “Fund Descriptions — The iShares®
ETFs” in the accompanying underlying supplement.
The SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust is a registered investment company whose trust units represent an undivided ownership interest in a
portfolio of all, or substantially all, of the common stocks of the S&P 500® Index. The SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust seeks to provide
investment results that, before expenses, generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the S&P 500® Index, which we
refer to as the Underlying Index with respect to the SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust. The S&P 500® Index consists of stocks of 500
companies selected to provide a performance benchmark for the U.S. equity markets. For additional information about the SPDR® S&P
500® ETF Trust, see “Fund Descriptions — The SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust” in the accompanying underlying supplement.
Historical Information
The following graphs set forth the historical performance of each Fund based on the weekly historical closing prices of one share of
each Fund from January 3, 2020 through July 3, 2025. The closing price of one share of the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1 on July 8,
2025 was $552.34. The closing price of one share of the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF on July 8, 2025 was $221.25. The closing price of
one share of the SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust on July 8, 2025 was $620.34. We obtained the closing prices of one share of each Fund
above and below from the Bloomberg Professional® service (“Bloomberg”), without independent verification. The closing prices above
and below may have been adjusted by Bloomberg for actions taken by the Funds, such as stock splits.
The historical closing prices of one share of each Fund should not be taken as an indication of future performance, and no assurance
can be given as to the closing price of one share of any Fund on the Pricing Date or any Review Date. There can be no assurance that
the performance of the Funds will result in the return of any of your principal amount or the payment of any interest.
Historical Performance of Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1
Source: Bloomberg

PS-9| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
Historical Performance of the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF
Source: Bloomberg
Historical Performance of the SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
Source: Bloomberg
Tax Treatment
You should review carefully the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” in the accompanying product
supplement no. 4-I. In determining our reporting responsibilities we intend to treat (i) the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes as
prepaid forward contracts with associated contingent coupons and (ii) any Contingent Interest Payments as ordinary income, as
described in the section entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences — Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Notes
Treated as Prepaid Forward Contracts with Associated Contingent Coupons” in the accompanying product supplement. Based on the
advice of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, our special tax counsel, we believe that this is a reasonable treatment, but that there are other
reasonable treatments that the IRS or a court may adopt, in which case the timing and character of any income or loss on the notes
could be materially affected. In addition, in 2007 Treasury and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal
income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. The notice focuses in particular on whether to require
investors in these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment. It also asks for comments on a number of related
topics, including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments and the relevance of factors such as the nature of the
underlying property to which the instruments are linked. While the notice requests comments on appropriate transition rules and
effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially affect the
tax consequences of an investment in the notes, possibly with retroactive effect. The discussions above and in the accompanying
product supplement do not address the consequences to taxpayers subject to special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the
Code. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the notes, including
possible alternative treatments and the issues presented by the notice described above.

PS-10| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
Non-U.S. Holders — Tax Considerations. The U.S. federal income tax treatment of Contingent Interest Payments is uncertain, and
although we believe it is reasonable to take a position that Contingent Interest Payments are not subject to U.S. withholding tax (at
least if an applicable Form W-8 is provided), it is expected that withholding agents will (and we, if we are the withholding agent, intend
to) withhold on any Contingent Interest Payment paid to a Non-U.S. Holder generally at a rate of 30% or at a reduced rate specified by
an applicable income tax treaty under an “other income” or similar provision. We will not be required to pay any additional amounts with
respect to amounts withheld. In order to claim an exemption from, or a reduction in, the 30% withholding tax, a Non-U.S. Holder of the
notes must comply with certification requirements to establish that it is not a U.S. person and is eligible for such an exemption or
reduction under an applicable tax treaty. If you are a Non-U.S. Holder, you should consult your tax adviser regarding the tax treatment
of the notes, including the possibility of obtaining a refund of any withholding tax and the certification requirement described above.
Section 871(m) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder (“Section 871(m)”) generally impose a 30% withholding
tax (unless an income tax treaty applies) on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain
financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S. equities. Section 871(m) provides certain exceptions to this
withholding regime, including for instruments linked to certain broad-based indices that meet requirements set forth in the applicable
Treasury regulations. Additionally, a recent IRS notice excludes from the scope of Section 871(m) instruments issued prior to January
1, 2027 that do not have a delta of one with respect to underlying securities that could pay U.S.-source dividends for U.S. federal
income tax purposes (each an “Underlying Security”). Based on certain determinations made by us, we expect that Section 871(m) will
not apply to the notes with regard to Non-U.S. Holders. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with this
determination. Section 871(m) is complex and its application may depend on your particular circumstances, including whether you enter
into other transactions with respect to an Underlying Security. If necessary, further information regarding the potential application of
Section 871(m) will be provided in the pricing supplement for the notes. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the potential
application of Section 871(m) to the notes.
In the event of any withholding on the notes, we will not be required to pay any additional amounts with respect to amounts so withheld.
The Estimated Value of the Notes
The estimated value of the notes set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement is equal to the sum of the values of the following
hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturity as the notes, valued using the internal funding
rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the notes
does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at any
time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimated value of the notes may differ from the market-implied funding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturity issued by JPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Any difference may be
based on, among other things, our and our affiliates’ view of the funding value of the notes as well as the higher issuance, operational
and ongoing liability management costs of the notes in comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income instruments of
JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputs and assumptions, which may prove to be incorrect,
and is intended to approximate the prevailing market replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal funding rate and
any potential changes to that rate may have an adverse effect on the terms of the notes and any secondary market prices of the notes.
For additional information, see “Selected Risk Considerations — The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an
Internal Funding Rate” in this pricing supplement.
The value of the derivative or derivatives underlying the economic terms of the notes is derived from internal pricing models of our
affiliates. These models are dependent on inputs such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on various
other inputs, some of which are market-observable, and which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other factors, as
well as assumptions about future market events and/or environments. Accordingly, the estimated value of the notes is determined when
the terms of the notes are set based on market conditions and other relevant factors and assumptions existing at that time.
The estimated value of the notes does not represent future values of the notes and may differ from others’ estimates. Different pricing
models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are greater than or less than the estimated value of the notes. In
addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On
future dates, the value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, changes in market conditions, our or
JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors, which may impact the price, if any, at
which JPMS would be willing to buy notes from you in secondary market transactions.

PS-11| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
The estimated value of the notes will be lower than the original issue price of the notes because costs associated with selling,
structuring and hedging the notes are included in the original issue price of the notes. These costs include the selling commissions paid
to JPMS and other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, the projected profits, if any, that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks
inherent in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes. Because
hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our control, this hedging may result in a profit that
is more or less than expected, or it may result in a loss. A portion of the profits, if any, realized in hedging our obligations under the
notes may be allowed to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, and we or one or more of our affiliates will retain any remaining hedging
profits. See “Selected Risk Considerations — The Estimated Value of the Notes Will Be Lower Than the Original Issue Price (Price to
Public) of the Notes” in this pricing supplement.
Secondary Market Prices of the Notes
For information about factors that will impact any secondary market prices of the notes, see “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to the
Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of the Notes — Secondary market prices of the notes will be impacted by many
economic and market factors” in the accompanying product supplement. In addition, we generally expect that some of the costs
included in the original issue price of the notes will be partially paid back to you in connection with any repurchases of your notes by
JPMS in an amount that will decline to zero over an initial predetermined period. These costs can include selling commissions,
projected hedging profits, if any, and, in some circumstances, estimated hedging costs and our internal secondary market funding rates
for structured debt issuances. This initial predetermined time period is intended to be the shorter of six months and one-half of the
stated term of the notes. The length of any such initial period reflects the structure of the notes, whether our affiliates expect to earn a
profit in connection with our hedging activities, the estimated costs of hedging the notes and when these costs are incurred, as
determined by our affiliates. See “Selected Risk Considerations — The Value of the Notes as Published by JPMS (and Which May Be
Reflected on Customer Account Statements) May Be Higher Than the Then-Current Estimated Value of the Notes for a Limited Time
Period” in this pricing supplement.
Supplemental Use of Proceeds
The notes are offered to meet investor demand for products that reflect the risk-return profile and market exposure provided by the
notes. See “How the Notes Work” and “Hypothetical Payout Examples” in this pricing supplement for an illustration of the risk-return
profile of the notes and “The Funds” in this pricing supplement for a description of the market exposure provided by the notes.
The original issue price of the notes is equal to the estimated value of the notes plus the selling commissions paid to JPMS and other
affiliated or unaffiliated dealers, plus (minus) the projected profits (losses) that our affiliates expect to realize for assuming risks inherent
in hedging our obligations under the notes, plus the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes.
Additional Terms Specific to the Notes
You may revoke your offer to purchase the notes at any time prior to the time at which we accept such offer by notifying the applicable
agent. We reserve the right to change the terms of, or reject any offer to purchase, the notes prior to their issuance. In the event of any
changes to the terms of the notes, we will notify you and you will be asked to accept such changes in connection with your purchase.
You may also choose to reject such changes, in which case we may reject your offer to purchase.
You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying
prospectus supplement relating to our Series A medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, the accompanying prospectus
addendum and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement and the accompanying underlying
supplement. This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all
other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms,
correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of
ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying
prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement and in Annex A to the accompanying prospectus addendum, as the
notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and
other advisers before you invest in the notes.

PS-12| Structured Investments
Auto Callable Contingent Interest Notes Linked to the Least Performing of
the Invesco QQQ TrustSM, Series 1, the iShares® Russell 2000 ETF and the
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by
reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):
● Product supplement no. 4-I dated April 13, 2023:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029539/ea152803_424b2.pdf
● Underlying supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000121390023029543/ea151873_424b2.pdf
● Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 13, 2023:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010323005751/crt_dp192097-424b2.pdf
● Prospectus addendum dated June 3, 2024:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1665650/000095010324007599/dp211753_424b3.htm
Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 1665650, and JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s CIK is 19617. As used in this pricing
supplement, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to JPMorgan Financial.

FAQ

What is the contingent coupon rate on Citigroup's (C) 2025 equity-linked securities?

The rate will be set on the pricing date at ≥ 11.50% per annum, paid monthly only if the worst underlying stays at or above 70% of its initial level.

How much principal protection do the notes offer?

Principal is fully protected only if, at maturity, the worst performing underlying is ≥ 70% of its initial value; otherwise investors lose principal 1-for-1 with the decline.

When can Citigroup call these notes?

Citi may redeem the securities in whole on any of 18 monthly dates starting 20 Oct 2025, paying par plus any due coupon.

Are the notes listed on an exchange?

No. No listing is planned, and secondary liquidity, if any, will be provided solely by CGMI on an indicative basis.

Why is the estimated value ($≈936.50) lower than the $1,000 issue price?

The gap reflects underwriting fees, structuring and hedging costs, and Citi’s internal funding rate embedded in the product.

What credit exposure does an investor assume?

All payments depend on the senior unsecured credit of Citigroup Global Markets Holdings Inc. and the guarantee of Citigroup Inc.