[424B2] Inverse VIX Short-Term Futures ETNs due March 22, 2045 Prospectus Supplement

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

SEC Form 4 filing overview: Ligand Pharmaceuticals Inc. — identified as both a 10% beneficial owner and director — reported several equity transactions in Pelthos Therapeutics Inc. (PTHS) effective 1 July 2025. All share amounts have been adjusted for the issuer’s 1-for-10 reverse stock split executed on the same date.

Key non-derivative transaction (Table I)

• 1,500,000 common shares acquired through a Code “C” conversion at an indicated value of $10 per share.
• Post-transaction direct ownership: 1,500,000 common shares.

Key derivative transactions (Table II)

• 15,000 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock converted (Code “C”) into the 1,500,000 common shares noted above.
• 31,278.681 additional Series A preferred shares received (Code “J”) in exchange for LNHC, Inc. shares under an April 16 2025 merger agreement among Pelthos, CHRO Merger Sub, LNHC and Ligand.
• Total preferred position after the transactions: 34,278.681 Series A shares, each convertible into common stock at $10. The preferred has no expiration date and contains a 49.9% beneficial-ownership cap upon conversion.

Structural context

• The exchange and conversion consolidate Ligand’s economic stake following completion of the LNHC reverse-merger into Pelthos.
• All conversions were executed immediately after the reverse split, suggesting share counts and prices are already reverse-split adjusted.

The filing signals Ligand’s increased equity exposure to Pelthos while highlighting potential future dilution limits via the 49.9% cap.

Insights

Securities Analyst

TL;DR — Ligand converts preferred and acquires more, cementing a 10%+ stake in Pelthos.

Materiality: Medium. The conversion of 15,000 Series A preferred into 1.5 million common shares immediately enlarges Ligand’s voting and economic interest. The additional 31,278.681 preferred shares received via the LNHC merger further position Ligand for sizable future ownership, though the 49.9 % cap tempers outright control.

Valuation insight: At the $10 stated conversion rate, the common stock portion reflects a notional $15 million position. Investors should track how many of the remaining 34,278.681 preferred shares are ultimately converted, as each tranche represents up to 100 common shares post-split.

Share-count implications: The immediate issuance of 1.5 million new common shares is dilutive to existing holders. Ongoing conversions could augment float over time, yet the cap prevents majority ownership by a single holder.

Corporate Governance Expert

TL;DR — Insider’s stake rises; 49.9 % cap mitigates control risk.

Ligand’s designation as both director and 10 % owner places heightened corporate-governance attention on related-party oversight. The reverse-merger pathway (LNHC into Pelthos) and subsequent equity issuances consolidate influence but the certificate-imposed 49.9 % ceiling serves as a structural safeguard against single-shareholder dominance. Board independence and disclosure quality around these transactions will be key metrics for governance analysts going forward.

Pricing supplement To prospectus dated April 13, 2023, prospectus supplement dated April 13, 2023 and product supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023		Registration Statement No. 333-270004 Dated June 18, 2025 Rule 424(b)(2)

$3,000,000

Callable Fixed Rate Notes due December 23, 2033

General

· The notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. Any payment on the notes is subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Chase & Co.

· These notes are designed for an investor who seeks a fixed income investment at an interest rate of 5.00% per annum but who is also willing to accept the risk that the notes will be called prior to the Maturity Date.

· At our option, we may redeem the notes, in whole but not in part, on any of the Redemption Dates specified below.

· The notes may be purchased in minimum denominations of $1,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000 thereafter.

Key Terms

Issuer:	JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Payment at Maturity:	On the Maturity Date, we will pay you the principal amount of your notes plus any accrued and unpaid interest, provided that your notes are outstanding and have not previously been called on any Redemption Date.
Call Feature:	On the 23rd calendar day of June and December of each year, beginning on June 23, 2028 and ending on June 23, 2033 (each, a “Redemption Date”), we may redeem your notes, in whole but not in part, at a price equal to the principal amount being redeemed plus any accrued and unpaid interest, subject to the Business Day Convention and the Interest Accrual Convention described below and in the accompanying product supplement.  If we intend to redeem your notes, we will deliver notice to The Depository Trust Company on any business day after the Original Issue Date that is at least 5 business days before the applicable Redemption Date.
Interest:	Subject to the Interest Accrual Convention, with respect to each Interest Period, for each $1,000 principal amount note, we will pay you interest in arrears on each Interest Payment Date in accordance with the following formula: $1,000 × Interest Rate × Day Count Fraction.
Interest Periods:	The period beginning on and including the Original Issue Date and ending on but excluding the first Interest Payment Date, and each successive period beginning on and including an Interest Payment Date and ending on but excluding the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, subject to any earlier redemption and the Interest Accrual Convention described below and in the accompanying product supplement
Interest Payment Dates:	Interest on the notes will be payable in arrears on the 23rd calendar day of June and December of each year, beginning on December 23, 2025 to and including the Maturity Date (each, an “Interest Payment Date”), subject to any earlier redemption and the Business Day Convention and Interest Accrual Convention described below and in the accompanying product supplement.
Interest Rate:	5.00% per annum
Pricing Date:	June 18, 2025
Original Issue Date:	June 23, 2025, subject to the Business Day Convention (Settlement Date)
Maturity Date:	December 23, 2033, subject to the Business Day Convention
Business Day Convention:	Following
Interest Accrual Convention:	Unadjusted
Day Count Convention:	30/360
CUSIP:	48130CT54

Investing in the notes involves a number of risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-2 of the accompanying prospectus supplement, “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-11 of the accompanying product supplement and “Selected Risk Considerations” beginning on page PS-4 of this pricing supplement.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the notes or passed upon the accuracy or the adequacy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying product supplement, prospectus supplement and prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

	Price to Public(1)	Fees and Commissions(2)	Proceeds to Issuer
Per note	$1,000	$11.50	$988.50
Total	$3,000,000	$34,500	$2,965,500

(1) The price to the public includes the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes through one or more of our affiliates.

(2) J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, which we refer to as JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Chase & Co., will pay all of the selling commissions of $11.50 per $1,000 principal amount note it receives from us to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers.  See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying product supplement.

The notes are not bank deposits, are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency and are not obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

Additional Terms Specific to the Notes

You should read this pricing supplement together with the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented by the accompanying prospectus supplement relating to our Series E medium-term notes of which these notes are a part, and the more detailed information contained in the accompanying product supplement. This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of ours. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement, as the notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers before you invest in the notes.

You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):

· Product supplement no. 1-I dated April 13, 2023:

http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1665650/000121390023029554/ea152829_424b2.pdf

· Prospectus supplement and prospectus, each dated April 13, 2023:

http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/19617/000095010323005751/crt_dp192097-424b2.pdf

Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 19617. As used in this pricing supplement, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Selected Purchase Considerations

· PRESERVATION OF CAPITAL AT MATURITY OR UPON REDEMPTION — We will pay you at least the principal amount of your notes if you hold the notes to maturity or to the Redemption Date, if any, on which we elect to call the notes. Because the notes are our unsecured and unsubordinated obligations, payment of any amount on the notes is subject to our ability to pay our obligations as they become due.

· PERIODIC INTEREST PAYMENTS — The notes offer periodic interest payments on each Interest Payment Date at the Interest Rate, subject to any earlier redemption. Interest, if any, will be paid in arrears on each Interest Payment Date to the holders of record at the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the applicable Interest Payment Date. The interest payments will be based on the Interest Rate listed on the cover of this pricing supplement. The yield on the notes may be less than the overall return you would receive from a conventional debt security that you could purchase today with the same maturity as the notes.

· POTENTIAL PERIODIC REDEMPTION BY US AT OUR OPTION — At our option, we may redeem the notes, in whole but not in part, on any of the Redemption Dates set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement, at a price equal to the principal amount being redeemed plus any accrued and unpaid interest, subject to the Business Day Convention and the Interest Accrual Convention described on the cover of this pricing supplement and in the accompanying product supplement. Any accrued and unpaid interest on the notes redeemed will be paid to the person who is the holder of record of these notes at the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the applicable Redemption Date. Even in cases where the notes are called before maturity, noteholders are not entitled to any fees or commissions described on the front cover of this pricing supplement.

· INSOLVENCY AND RESOLUTION CONSIDERATIONS — The notes constitute “loss-absorbing capacity” within the meaning of the final rules (the “TLAC rules”) issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) on December 15, 2016 regarding, among other things, the minimum levels of unsecured external long-term debt and other loss-absorbing capacity that certain U.S. bank holding companies, including JPMorgan Chase & Co., are required to maintain. Such debt must satisfy certain eligibility criteria under the TLAC rules. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to enter into resolution, either in a proceeding under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or in a receivership administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) under Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), holders of the notes and other debt and equity securities of JPMorgan Chase & Co. will absorb the losses of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its affiliates.

Under Title I of the Dodd-Frank Act and applicable rules of the Federal Reserve and the FDIC, JPMorgan Chase & Co. is required to submit periodically to the Federal Reserve and the FDIC a detailed plan (the “resolution plan”) for the rapid and orderly resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its material subsidiaries under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code and other applicable insolvency laws in the event of material financial distress or failure. JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s preferred resolution strategy under its resolution plan contemplates that only JPMorgan Chase & Co. would enter bankruptcy proceedings under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code pursuant to a “single point of entry” recapitalization strategy. JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s subsidiaries would be recapitalized as needed so that they could continue normal operations or subsequently be wound down in an orderly manner. As a result, JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s losses and any losses incurred by its subsidiaries would be imposed first on holders of JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s equity securities and thereafter on unsecured creditors, including holders of the notes and other securities of JPMorgan Chase & Co. Claims of holders of the notes and those other debt securities would have a junior position to the claims of creditors of JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s subsidiaries and to the claims of priority (as determined by statute) and secured creditors of JPMorgan Chase & Co. Accordingly, in a resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co. under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, holders of the notes and other debt securities of JPMorgan Chase & Co. would realize value only to the extent available to JPMorgan Chase & Co. as a shareholder of JPMorgan

Callable Fixed Rate Notes PS-2

Chase Bank, N.A. and its other subsidiaries and only after any claims of priority and secured creditors of JPMorgan Chase & Co. have been fully repaid. If JPMorgan Chase & Co. were to enter into a resolution, none of JPMorgan Chase & Co., the Federal Reserve or the FDIC is obligated to follow JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s preferred resolution strategy under its resolution plan.

The FDIC has similarly indicated that a single point of entry recapitalization model could be a desirable strategy to resolve a systemically important financial institution, such as JPMorgan Chase & Co., under Title II of the Dodd-Frank Act (“Title II”). Pursuant to that strategy, the FDIC would use its power to create a “bridge entity” for JPMorgan Chase & Co.; transfer the systemically important and viable parts of JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s business, principally the stock of JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s main operating subsidiaries and any intercompany claims against such subsidiaries, to the bridge entity; recapitalize those subsidiaries using assets of JPMorgan Chase & Co. that have been transferred to the bridge entity; and exchange external debt claims against JPMorgan Chase & Co. for equity in the bridge entity. Under this Title II resolution strategy, the value of the stock of the bridge entity that would be redistributed to holders of the notes and other debt securities of JPMorgan Chase & Co. may not be sufficient to repay all or part of the principal amount and interest on the notes and those other securities. To date, the FDIC has not formally adopted a single point of entry resolution strategy, and it is not obligated to follow such a strategy in a Title II resolution of JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Callable Fixed Rate Notes PS-3

Selected Risk Considerations

An investment in the notes involves significant risks. These risks are explained in more detail in the “Risk Factors” sections of the accompanying prospectus supplement and the accompanying product supplement.

Risks Relating to the Notes Generally

· WE MAY CALL YOUR NOTES PRIOR TO THEIR SCHEDULED MATURITY DATE — We may choose to call the notes early or choose not to call the notes early on any Redemption Date in our sole discretion. If the notes are called early, you will receive the principal amount of your notes plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the applicable Redemption Date. The aggregate amount that you will receive through and including the applicable Redemption Date will be less than the aggregate amount that you would have received had the notes not been called early. If we call the notes early, your overall return may be less than the yield that the notes would have earned if you held your notes to maturity and you may not be able to reinvest your funds at the same rate as the original notes. We may choose to call the notes early, for example, if U.S. interest rates decrease or do not rise significantly or if volatility of U.S. interest rates decreases significantly.

· CREDIT RISK OF JPMORGAN CHASE & CO. — The notes are subject to the credit risk of JPMorgan Chase & Co., and our credit ratings and credit spreads may adversely affect the market value of the notes. Investors are dependent on JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s ability to pay all amounts due on the notes. Any actual or potential change in our creditworthiness or credit spreads, as determined by the market for taking our credit risk, is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. If we were to default on our payment obligations, you may not receive any amounts owed to you under the notes and you could lose your entire investment.

· REINVESTMENT RISK — If we redeem the notes, the term of the notes may be reduced and you will not receive interest payments after the applicable Redemption Date. There is no guarantee that you would be able to reinvest the proceeds from an investment in the notes at a comparable return and/or with a comparable interest rate for a similar level of risk in the event the notes are redeemed prior to the Maturity Date.

· LACK OF LIQUIDITY — The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. JPMS intends to offer to purchase the notes in the secondary market but is not required to do so. Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide enough liquidity to allow you to trade or sell the notes easily.  Because other dealers are not likely to make a secondary market for the notes, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which JPMS is willing to buy the notes.

Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest

· POTENTIAL CONFLICTS — We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the issuance of the notes, including acting as calculation agent and as an agent of the offering of the notes and hedging our obligations under the notes. In performing these duties, our economic interests and the economic interests of the calculation agent and other affiliates of ours are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. In addition, our business activities, including hedging and trading activities for our own accounts or on behalf of customers, could cause our economic interests to be adverse to yours and could adversely affect any payment on the notes and the value of the notes. It is possible that hedging or trading activities of ours or our affiliates in connection with the notes could result in substantial returns for us or our affiliates while the value of the notes declines. Please refer to “Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest” in the accompanying product supplement for additional information about these risks.

Risks Relating to Secondary Market Prices of the Notes

· CERTAIN BUILT-IN COSTS ARE LIKELY TO AFFECT ADVERSELY THE VALUE OF THE NOTES PRIOR TO MATURITY — While the payment at maturity described in this pricing supplement is based on the full principal amount of your notes, the original issue price of the notes includes the agent’s commission and the estimated cost of hedging our obligations under the notes through one or more of our affiliates. As a result, the price, if any, at which JPMS will be willing to purchase notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, will likely be lower than the original issue price and any sale prior to the Maturity Date could result in a substantial loss to you. This secondary market price will also be affected by a number of factors aside from the agent’s commission and hedging costs, including those referred to under “—Many Economic and Market Factors Will Impact the Value of the Notes” below.

The notes are not designed to be short-term trading instruments. Accordingly, you should be able and willing to hold your notes to maturity.

· MANY ECONOMIC AND MARKET FACTORS WILL IMPACT THE VALUE OF THE NOTES — The notes will be affected by a number of economic and market factors that may either offset or magnify each other, including but not limited to:

· any actual or potential change in our creditworthiness or credit spreads;

· the time to maturity of the notes;

· interest and yield rates in the market generally, as well as the volatility of those rates; and

· the likelihood, or expectation, that the notes will be redeemed by us, based on prevailing market interest rates or otherwise.

Callable Fixed Rate Notes PS-4

Tax Treatment

You should review carefully the section in the accompanying product supplement no. 1-I entitled “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences,” focusing particularly on the section entitled “— Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders — Notes Treated as Debt Instruments and That Have a Term of More than One Year — Notes Treated as Debt Instruments But Not Contingent Payment Debt Instruments — Notes Treated as Debt Instruments That Provide for Fixed Interest Payments at a Single Rate and That Are Not Issued at a Discount.” The following, when read in combination with those sections, constitutes the full opinion of our special tax counsel, Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, regarding the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of the notes. Our special tax counsel is of the opinion that the notes will be treated as fixed-rate debt instruments as defined and described therein.

Supplemental Plan of Distribution

JPMS, acting as agent for JPMorgan Chase & Co., will pay all of the selling commissions of $11.50 per $1,000 principal amount note it receives from us to other affiliated or unaffiliated dealers.  See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying product supplement.

Validity of the Notes

In the opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, as our special products counsel, when the notes offered by this pricing supplement have been executed and issued by us and authenticated by the trustee pursuant to the indenture, and delivered against payment as contemplated herein, such notes will be our valid and binding obligations, enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, concepts of reasonableness and equitable principles of general applicability (including, without limitation, concepts of good faith, fair dealing and the lack of bad faith), provided that such counsel expresses no opinion as to the effect of fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer or similar provision of applicable law on the conclusions expressed above. This opinion is given as of the date hereof and is limited to the laws of the State of New York and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. In addition, this opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the trustee’s authorization, execution and delivery of the indenture and its authentication of the notes and the validity, binding nature and enforceability of the indenture with respect to the trustee, all as stated in the letter of such counsel dated February 24, 2023, which was filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 by us on February 24, 2023.

Callable Fixed Rate Notes PS-5