Ticker history: QD became HTT (High Templar Tech Limited) on . Earlier news and filings retain their original names and dates. View QD history.
A multiple compares the market's price with a filed figure; it says what the market pays, not how the business is doing. The market capitalization is the vendor's as of Nov 6, 2026; every other figure is from the SEC filings on this page. Not financial advice.
Newest figures come from the 20-F for FY2025, filed Apr 10, 2026. Each column of the statement tables below links to the filing it was taken from, and every filing is listed on the HTT SEC filings page.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) reported $5.9M in revenue for fiscal year 2025, down 80.2% from the prior fiscal year. This page shows its income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, and key financial ratios. View 11 years of annual fundamentals and quarterly data, with year-over-year growth rates and compound annual growth rates (CAGR). All figures are derived from SEC filings (20-F and 6-K reports).
The operating engine shrank sharply even as reported profit and cash flow swung positive, with liabilities growing faster than assets.
In FY2024, net income of$12.6M accompanied operating cash flow of-$15.2M . By FY2025, net income of$101.3M accompanied operating cash flow of$98.2M , a shift to closely cash-backed earnings despite the weak operating base.
FY2025 revenue was
Total liabilities rose
Financial Health Signals
Scored against operating companies for FY2025. Each of the six dimensions is a percentile rank within that peer group, and the overall is the average of the dimensions that can be computed. A high score means strong standing among peers, not absolute cross-industry strength. How this score is calculated →
Health score ≠ stock price. This rates the quality of High Templar Tech Limited's business: profitability, growth, balance sheet strength. It doesn't tell you whether the stock is a good buy at today's price. Not financial advice. Use it alongside valuation analysis and your own research.
High Templar Tech Limited's reported operating margin for fiscal year 2025 is below the lowest share of revenue this page publishes, so the figure is not shown here. This dimension scores 9/100.
High Templar Tech Limited's revenue declined 80.2% year-over-year, from $29.7M to $5.9M. This contraction results in a growth score of 1/100.
With a current ratio of 5.75, High Templar Tech Limited holds $5.75 in current assets for every $1 of short-term obligations. This comfortable liquidity earns a score of 93/100.
High Templar Tech Limited's reported free cash flow margin for fiscal year 2025 is above the highest share of revenue this page publishes, so the figure is not shown here. This dimension scores 100/100.
High Templar Tech Limited generates a 6.1% ROE, indicating limited profit relative to shareholders' investment. This results in a returns score of 20/100. This is up from 0.8% the prior year.
High Templar Tech Limited scores 2.27, placing it in the grey zone between 1.81 and 2.99. The largest contribution to the score comes from retained earnings of $1.3B against total assets of $1.9B. This signals moderate financial risk that warrants monitoring.
Distress-screening estimate for non-financial companies. Not computed for banks or insurers, where the Altman model does not apply.
High Templar Tech Limited passes 3 of 7 computable financial strength tests (2 of the nine could not be computed from available data). 3 of 4 profitability signals pass, no leverage/liquidity signals pass (rising debt, declining liquidity, or share dilution), neither operating efficiency signal passes.
For every $1 of reported earnings, High Templar Tech Limited generates $0.97 in operating cash flow ($98.2M OCF vs $101.3M net income). This mixed ratio suggests some earnings may rely on non-cash accounting items.
Key Financial Metrics
Earnings & Revenue
High Templar Tech Limited generated $5.9M in revenue in fiscal year 2025. This represents a decrease of 80.2% from the prior year.
High Templar Tech Limited's EBITDA was -$49.7M in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. The change from the prior year is not meaningful, because that figure was zero or negative.
High Templar Tech Limited reported $101.3M in net income in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 706.3% from the prior year.
Not reported for fiscal year 2025.
Cash & Balance Sheet
High Templar Tech Limited generated $81.6M in free cash flow in fiscal year 2025, representing cash available after capex. The change from the prior year is not meaningful, because that figure was zero or negative.
High Templar Tech Limited held $791.1M in cash as of fiscal year 2025; no long-term debt figure is on record for that period.
Not reported for fiscal year 2025.
Margins & Returns
High Templar Tech Limited's gross margin was 7.1% in fiscal year 2025, indicating the percentage of revenue retained after direct costs. This is down 92.4 percentage points from the prior year.
High Templar Tech Limited's ROE was 6.1% in fiscal year 2025, measuring profit generated per dollar of shareholder equity. This is up 5.3 percentage points from the prior year.
Not shown for fiscal year 2025: the reported ratio is below -100.0% of revenue, so it does not read as a share of revenue.
Not shown for fiscal year 2025: the reported ratio is above 100.0% of revenue, so it does not read as a share of revenue.
Capital Allocation
High Templar Tech Limited invested $6.5M in research and development in fiscal year 2025. This represents a decrease of 18.4% from the prior year.
High Templar Tech Limited spent $43.0M on share buybacks in fiscal year 2025, returning capital to shareholders by reducing shares outstanding. This represents a decrease of 41.2% from the prior year.
High Templar Tech Limited invested $16.7M in capex in fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure. This represents a decrease of 61.7% from the prior year.
HTT Income Statement
Figures in USD, abbreviated K (thousand), M (million), B (billion), T (trillion). Negative values carry a minus sign and red type. Each change compares the year with the year before it, and each quarter with the same quarter a year earlier.
| Metric | FY2520-F | FY2420-F | FY2320-F | FY2220-F | FY2120-F | FY2020-F | FY1920-F | FY1820-F | FY1720-F | FY1620-F | FY1520-F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $5.9M-80.2% | $29.7M+66.6% | $17.8M-78.7% | $83.7M-67.7% | $259.6M-54.1% | $565.2M-55.5% | $1.3B+13.5% | $1.1B+52.4% | $734.0M+253.2% | $207.8M+472.8% | $36.3M |
| Cost of Revenue | $5.4M+3798.9% | $140K-96.4% | $3.9M-91.8% | $47.4M+284.6% | $12.3M-90.7% | $132.2M+2.0% | $129.5M-67.4% | $397.9M+193.9% | $135.4M+250.9% | $38.6M+68.4% | $22.9M |
| Gross Profit | $417K-98.6% | $29.5M+112.5% | $13.9M-61.8% | $36.3M-85.3% | $247.2M-42.9% | $433.0M-62.0% | $1.1B+58.2% | $721.0M+20.4% | $598.6M+253.7% | $169.2M+1166.0% | $13.4M |
| R&D Expenses | $6.5M-18.4% | $8.0M+19.1% | $6.7M-20.4% | $8.4M-61.9% | $22.2M-15.3% | $26.2M-11.1% | $29.4M+1.3% | $29.0M+23.2% | $23.6M+212.9% | $7.5M+30.0% | $5.8M |
| SG&A Expenses | $42.8M+10.7% | $38.7M-1.0% | $39.1M-51.8% | $81.1M-9.5% | $89.5M+0.9% | $88.8M+9.1% | $81.4M-29.7% | $115.8M+22.5% | $94.6M+125.5% | $41.9M+15.6% | $36.3M |
| Operating Income | -$57.0Mn/m | -$42.2Mn/m | -$46.6Mn/m | -$47.8M-133.0% | $144.8M+9.1% | $132.7M-76.0% | $552.8M+41.3% | $391.2M+5.1% | $372.1M+262.3% | $102.7Mn/m | -$35.7M |
| EBITDA | -$49.7Mn/m | -$39.1Mn/m | -$44.7Mn/m | -$46.6M-131.5% | $148.2M+10.4% | $134.3M-75.8% | $555.2M+41.3% | $392.9M+5.3% | $373.0M+262.4% | $102.9Mn/m | -$35.6M |
| Income Tax | $4.4M-51.3% | $9.0M+2.7% | $8.8M-34.5% | $13.4M-67.2% | $40.9M+1.8% | $40.2M-55.4% | $90.0M+292.1% | $22.9M-41.6% | $39.3M+115.0% | $18.3M | N/A |
| Net Income | $101.3M+706.3% | $12.6M+128.0% | $5.5Mn/m | -$52.5M-156.8% | $92.4M-37.1% | $146.9M-68.7% | $468.9M+29.4% | $362.3M+8.9% | $332.7M+300.5% | $83.1Mn/m | -$36.0M |
| EPS (Basic) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | $1.14 | N/A | $1.05 | -$0.45 |
| EPS (Diluted) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | $1.13 | N/A | $0.27 | -$0.45 |
| Diluted Shares (Avg) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 304M | 79M |
Not reported in any period shown, so not listed: Interest Expense.
HTT Balance Sheet
Figures in USD, abbreviated K (thousand), M (million), B (billion), T (trillion). Negative values carry a minus sign and red type. Each change compares the year with the year before it, and each quarter with the same quarter a year earlier.
| Metric | FY2520-F | FY2420-F | FY2320-F | FY2220-F | FY2120-F | FY2020-F | FY1920-F | FY1820-F | FY1720-F | FY1620-F | FY1520-F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Assets | $1.9B+14.0% | $1.7B-2.9% | $1.8B-4.9% | $1.8B-16.4% | $2.2B+7.7% | $2.1B-22.1% | $2.6B+11.6% | $2.4B-20.6% | $3.0B+190.6% | $1.0B | N/A |
| Current Assets | $1.6B+17.3% | $1.4B-2.9% | $1.4B-10.7% | $1.6B-16.4% | $1.9B+7.0% | $1.8B-26.7% | $2.4B+16.0% | $2.1B-28.5% | $2.9B+195.5% | $998.0M | N/A |
| Cash & Equivalents | $791.1M+35.4% | $584.1M-42.5% | $1.0B+100.8% | $505.5M+56.0% | $324.1M+37.5% | $235.6M-42.7% | $410.9M+13.0% | $363.8M-65.4% | $1.1B+827.9% | $113.2M+248.9% | $32.4M |
| Short-Term Investments | $125.7M-18.0% | $153.2M+69.2% | $90.5M-85.0% | $604.7M-35.0% | $930.0M+20.3% | $772.8Mn/m | $0n/m | $0-100.0% | $46.1M-25.6% | $62.0Mn/m | $0 |
| Inventory | $7.9M | N/A | $1.5M-91.4% | $16.9M+608.9% | $2.4M-83.1% | $14.1M+999.7% | $1.3M-93.1% | $18.6M | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Accounts Receivable | $765K-83.7% | $4.7M+28.8% | $3.6Mn/m | $0-100.0% | $32.1M+88.8% | $17.0M-37.7% | $27.3M+132.4% | $11.8M | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Long-Term Investments | $10.4M-3.5% | $10.8M-63.6% | $29.7M-5.5% | $31.5M-29.9% | $44.9Mn/m | $0n/m | $0n/m | $0n/m | $0n/m | $0n/m | $0 |
| Total Liabilities | $283.3M+76.3% | $160.7M+43.6% | $111.9M+9.6% | $102.0M-58.5% | $246.0M+7.9% | $228.1M-75.3% | $924.7M+17.0% | $790.2M-47.8% | $1.5B-0.5% | $1.5B | N/A |
| Current Liabilities | $283.2M+83.9% | $154.0M+44.9% | $106.3M+25.3% | $84.8M+9.5% | $77.4M+6.9% | $72.4M-87.1% | $559.8M-23.3% | $730.0M-49.1% | $1.4B+119.9% | $652.2M | N/A |
| Non-Current Liabilities | $94K-98.6% | $6.7M+19.2% | $5.6M-67.5% | $17.2M-89.8% | $168.5M+8.3% | $155.6M-57.3% | $364.9M+506.9% | $60.1M-23.3% | $78.4M+615.6% | $11.0M | N/A |
| Long-Term Debt | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | $106.9M-15.1% | $126.0M-62.5% | $336.1M+458.9% | $60.1M-23.3% | $78.4M+615.6% | $11.0M | N/A |
| Total Equity | $1.7B+7.5% | $1.5B-6.0% | $1.6B-5.7% | $1.7B-11.1% | $2.0B+7.7% | $1.8B+6.5% | $1.7B+8.8% | $1.6B+7.3% | $1.5Bn/m | -$494.1Mn/m | -$1.0B |
| Retained Earnings | $1.3B+12.9% | $1.2B-1.7% | $1.2B-2.4% | $1.2B-11.4% | $1.4B+9.6% | $1.3B+6.5% | $1.2B+62.4% | $737.0M+94.3% | $379.3Mn/m | -$505.7M | N/A |
Not reported in any period shown, so not listed: Goodwill.
HTT Cash Flow Statement
Figures in USD, abbreviated K (thousand), M (million), B (billion), T (trillion). Negative values carry a minus sign and red type. Each change compares the year with the year before it, and each quarter with the same quarter a year earlier.
| Metric | FY2520-F | FY2420-F | FY2320-F | FY2220-F | FY2120-F | FY2020-F | FY1920-F | FY1820-F | FY1720-F | FY1620-F | FY1520-F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Cash Flow | $98.2Mn/m | -$15.2M-130.7% | $49.6M+31.1% | $37.8M-73.9% | $144.7M-61.8% | $378.8M-52.1% | $790.5M+63.1% | $484.7M+12.7% | $430.0M+276.0% | $114.4Mn/m | -$15.8M |
| Depreciation & Amortization | $7.2M+135.1% | $3.1M+57.3% | $2.0M+70.1% | $1.2M-66.0% | $3.4M+112.4% | $1.6M-33.4% | $2.4M+36.7% | $1.8M+97.2% | $890K+311.0% | $217K+106.0% | $105K |
| Stock-Based Compensation | $0-100.0% | $309K-55.5% | $695K-80.1% | $3.5M-37.1% | $5.5M-20.7% | $7.0M-44.2% | $12.5M+48.7% | $8.4M-14.3% | $9.8M+208.8% | $3.2M-62.9% | $8.6M |
| Capital Expenditures | $16.7M-61.7% | $43.6M-45.3% | $79.6M+100.6% | $39.7M-47.2% | $75.1M+120.9% | $34.0M+209.8% | $11.0M-46.3% | $20.4M+1075.9% | $1.7M+161.7% | $664K+184.5% | $233K |
| Free Cash Flow | $81.6Mn/m | -$58.8Mn/m | -$30.0Mn/m | -$1.8M-102.7% | $69.6M-79.8% | $344.8M-55.8% | $779.5M+67.9% | $464.2M+8.4% | $428.3M+276.7% | $113.7Mn/m | -$16.0M |
| Investing Cash Flow | $120.9Mn/m | -$321.2M-158.5% | $548.7M+100.8% | $273.3Mn/m | -$38.7Mn/m | -$501.1Mn/m | -$133.5Mn/m | -$405.9Mn/m | -$679.7Mn/m | -$518.2M | N/A |
| Financing Cash Flow | $79.4M+210.4% | $25.6Mn/m | -$79.7Mn/m | -$121.1Mn/m | -$13.2Mn/m | -$243.9Mn/m | -$484.4Mn/m | -$978.5M-163.7% | $1.5B+215.8% | $486.8M | N/A |
| Share Buybacks | $43.0M-41.2% | $73.0M+23.3% | $59.2M+180.2% | $21.1M | N/A | $2.4M-99.2% | $299.8M+46.2% | $205.1M+216.9% | $64.7M | N/A | N/A |
Not reported in any period shown, so not listed: Dividends Paid.
HTT Financial Ratios
Margins and returns are percentages; the remaining ratios are unitless multiples. Each change compares the year with the year before it, and each quarter with the same quarter a year earlier.
| Metric | FY2520-F | FY2420-F | FY2320-F | FY2220-F | FY2120-F | FY2020-F | FY1920-F | FY1820-F | FY1720-F | FY1620-F | FY1520-F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross Margin | 7.1%-92.4pp | 99.5%+21.5pp | 78.1%+34.7pp | 43.4%-51.8pp | 95.3%+18.6pp | 76.6%-13.2pp | 89.8%+25.4pp | 64.4%-17.1pp | 81.5%+0.1pp | 81.4%+44.6pp | 36.9% |
| Operating Margin | -972.6% | -142.4% | -262.0% | -57.1%-112.8pp | 55.8%+32.3pp | 23.5%-20.1pp | 43.5%+8.6pp | 35.0%-15.7pp | 50.7%+1.3pp | 49.4%+147.8pp | -98.3% |
| Net Margin | 1729.9% | 42.4%+11.4pp | 31.0%+93.7pp | -62.7%-98.3pp | 35.6%+9.6pp | 26.0%-10.9pp | 36.9%+4.5pp | 32.4%-12.9pp | 45.3%+5.4pp | 40.0%+139.2pp | -99.2% |
| Return on Equity | 6.1%+5.3pp | 0.8%+0.5pp | 0.3%+3.3pp | -3.0%-7.7pp | 4.7%-3.4pp | 8.1%-19.3pp | 27.4%+4.4pp | 23.0%+0.3pp | 22.7% | N/A | N/A |
| Return on Assets | 5.2%+4.5pp | 0.7%+0.4pp | 0.3%+3.1pp | -2.8%-7.0pp | 4.2%-3.0pp | 7.2%-10.6pp | 17.8%+2.5pp | 15.3%+4.2pp | 11.2%+3.1pp | 8.1% | N/A |
| Current Ratio | 5.75-3.3x | 9.02-4.4x | 13.47-5.4x | 18.91-5.9x | 24.760.0x | 24.74+20.4x | 4.37+1.5x | 2.89+0.8x | 2.06+0.5x | 1.53 | N/A |
| Debt-to-Equity | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.050.0x | 0.07-0.1x | 0.20+0.2x | 0.040.0x | 0.05 | N/A | N/A |
| Liabilities-to-Equity | 0.17+0.1x | 0.100.0x | 0.070.0x | 0.06-0.1x | 0.130.0x | 0.13-0.4x | 0.540.0x | 0.50-0.5x | 1.03 | N/A | N/A |
| Asset Turnover | 0.000.0x | 0.020.0x | 0.010.0x | 0.05-0.1x | 0.12-0.2x | 0.28-0.2x | 0.480.0x | 0.47+0.2x | 0.250.0x | 0.20 | N/A |
| FCF Margin | 1392.6% | -198.2% | -168.6% | -2.2%-29.0pp | 26.8%-34.2pp | 61.0%-0.4pp | 61.4%+19.9pp | 41.5%-16.9pp | 58.4%+3.6pp | 54.7%+98.9pp | -44.2% |
Reported as filed but not readable as a share of revenue in the periods where the ratio runs further from zero than a revenue base allows; no change figure is given where either compared period is one of those: Operating Margin, Net Margin, FCF Margin.
Similar Companies
Newest fiscal year on record for each company. The health score is the peer-relative Financial Health Score for that year; a dash means no score is published for it. Market cap is stated at each company's latest close.
| Company | Fiscal year | Revenue | Net income | Net margin | Market cap | Health score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Templar Tech Limited HTT | FY2025 | $5.9M | $101.3M | N/A | $268.6M | 50/100 |
| X Financial XYF | FY2025 | $1.1B | $209.4M | 19.2% | $212.4M | 78/100 |
| CPI Card Group Inc. PMTS | FY2025 | $543.5M | $14.9M | 2.8% | $283.4M | 61/100 |
| Medallion Financial Corp MFIN | FY2025 | $254.9M | $43.0M | 16.9% | $224.1M | 76/100 |
| TROOPS, Inc. TROO | FY2025 | $17.1M | -$27.9M | N/A | $223.6M | 69/100 |
| Finance of America Companies Inc. FOA | FY2025 | $497.4M | $45.2M | 9.1% | $220.5M | 63/100 |
Where High Templar Tech Limited Ranks
Frequently Asked Questions
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) reported $5.9M in total revenue for fiscal year 2025. This represents a -80.2% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Revenue measures the total income earned from the company's primary business operations before any expenses are deducted.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) revenue declined by 80.2% year-over-year, from $29.7M to $5.9M in fiscal year 2025.
Yes, High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) reported a net income of $101.3M in fiscal year 2025.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) had EBITDA of -$49.7M in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) had a gross margin of 7.1% in fiscal year 2025, indicating the percentage of revenue retained after direct costs of goods sold.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) has a return on equity of 6.1% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company generates profit from shareholder equity.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) generated $81.6M in free cash flow during fiscal year 2025. The change from the previous fiscal year is not meaningful, because that year’s figure was zero or negative. Free cash flow represents the cash a company generates after accounting for capital expenditures, and is widely used to assess financial flexibility and shareholder value.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) generated $98.2M in operating cash flow during fiscal year 2025, representing cash generated from core business activities.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) had $1.9B in total assets as of fiscal year 2025, including both current and long-term assets.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) invested $16.7M in capital expenditures during fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) invested $6.5M in research and development during fiscal year 2025.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) had a current ratio of 5.75 as of fiscal year 2025, which is generally considered healthy.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) had a liabilities-to-equity ratio of 0.17 as of fiscal year 2025, which is total liabilities divided by total shareholder equity. Total liabilities counts every obligation on the balance sheet (payables, deposits, insurance reserves and deferred taxes as well as borrowings), so this ratio usually runs well above debt-to-equity. No debt-to-equity ratio is shown for fiscal year 2025, because the filing data we hold for that year carries no long-term debt figure.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) had a return on assets of 5.2% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company uses its assets to generate profit.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) trades at 2.7x earnings, its market capitalization divided by $101.3M net income, FY2025. The market capitalization is $268.6M as of Nov 6, 2026; a multiple compares that price with a filed figure and says nothing about the quality of the business.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) trades at 45.9x sales, its market capitalization divided by $5.9M revenue, FY2025. The market capitalization is $268.6M as of Nov 6, 2026; a multiple compares that price with a filed figure and says nothing about the quality of the business.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) has an Altman Z-Score of 2.27, placing it in the Grey Zone (moderate risk). The Z-Score combines five financial ratios (working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market capitalization, and revenue relative to total assets) to predict the likelihood of bankruptcy. Scores above 2.99 indicate financial safety while scores below 1.81 suggest financial distress. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) has a Piotroski F-Score of 3 out of 7 computable signals; 2 of the nine could not be computed from available data, so the full-scale strength rating is not shown. The F-Score evaluates nine binary signals across profitability (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, earnings quality), leverage (decreasing debt, improving liquidity, no share dilution), and operating efficiency (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Scores of 7 to 9 indicate strong and improving fundamentals. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) has an earnings quality ratio of 0.97x, considered mixed quality. This ratio compares operating cash flow to net income. A ratio above 1.0x means the company generates more cash than its reported earnings, indicating sustainable, cash-backed profits. Ratios below 1.0x suggest earnings rely on accounting accruals rather than actual cash generation. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.
High Templar Tech Limited (HTT) scores 50 out of 100 on our Financial Health Score, indicating moderate standing within its operating companies peer group. The score is the average of six dimensions (Profitability, Growth, Leverage, Liquidity, Cash Flow, Returns), each ranked as a percentile relative to companies in the same scoring family (banks against banks, REITs against REITs, and so on) rather than across all industries. It rates the quality of the business, not whether the stock is fairly priced, and is not financial advice. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.