Lancet Neurology Study Using Alamar Biosciences’ Technology Reveals Divergent Biological Responses to Alzheimer’s Treatment

The findings distinguish biological changes associated with amyloid clearance from those associated with later cognitive decline.

Rhea-AI Summary

Alamar Biosciences (ALMR) announced a Lancet Neurology study using its NULISAseq CNS 120 panel to examine responses to lecanemab treatment.

Researchers profiled 2,385 plasma samples from 1,967 participants, including 197 patients treated with lecanemab and untreated comparison groups. Among treated patients, 34 of 130 measured biomarkers changed significantly with the number of infusions, and the changes did not all move in the same direction. Proteins associated with amyloid clearance were largely different from those associated with subsequent cognitive decline. Brain-derived forms of tau accounted for four of the top five proteins that most strongly distinguished treated patients from controls both before treatment and at the last infusion stage.

Key Figures

Plasma samples: 2,385 samples Participants: 1,967 participants Proteins measured: 130 plasma proteins +3 more

Plasma samples

2,385 samples

Alzheimer’s biomarker study

Participants

1,967 participants

Study cohort

Proteins measured

130 plasma proteins

NULISAseq CNS 120 panel

Lecanemab-treated patients

197 patients

Biomarker changes assessed by number of infusions

Biomarkers changed

34 of 130 biomarkers

Significantly changed with the number of lecanemab infusions received

Top distinguishing proteins

4 of the top 5

Brain-derived tau forms, before treatment and at the last infusion stage

Key Terms

longitudinal cohort study, plasma biomarkers, anti-amyloid antibody therapy, neurodegeneration

4 terms

longitudinal cohort study technical

"the first longitudinal cohort study to evaluate a broad panel of plasma biomarkers"

A longitudinal cohort study is an observational research design that follows a defined group of people (a cohort) over months or years, collecting data at multiple points to track how exposures, behaviors, or treatments relate to later outcomes. For investors, these studies matter because they offer stronger evidence about long-term effects, safety, durability, or risk trends than a single snapshot; think of it as watching a tree grow over time rather than judging a forest from one photograph.

plasma biomarkers medical

"a broad panel of plasma biomarkers in patients receiving anti-amyloid antibody therapy"

Plasma biomarkers are measurable molecules in the liquid part of blood that signal the presence, severity, or progression of a disease and the body’s response to treatment. Think of them as dashboard lights for health—simple readings that help doctors and drug developers know whether a therapy is working or a condition is getting worse. For investors, reliable plasma biomarkers can speed clinical trials, reduce development costs, improve regulatory chances, and clarify a drug’s market potential.

anti-amyloid antibody therapy medical

"patients receiving anti-amyloid antibody therapy in real-world clinical practice"

A biologic drug (usually a lab-made antibody) designed to bind to abnormal amyloid protein deposits in the brain or body and help remove them or block their harmful effects; think of it as a targeted cleanup crew that sticks to sticky protein clumps so the body or immune system can clear them. It matters to investors because clinical trial results, regulatory decisions, and safety findings for these therapies strongly affect the commercial value and risk profile of companies developing them.

neurodegeneration medical

"amyloid and tau pathology, inflammation, neurodegeneration and synaptic function"

Neurodegeneration is the gradual damage and loss of nerve cells in the brain and nervous system, producing symptoms such as memory decline, impaired movement, or thinking problems. Think of it like electrical wiring in a house slowly fraying, which undermines how the system runs. For investors it matters because it drives demand for diagnostics, treatments and long-term care, influences regulatory risk and trial outcomes, and can significantly affect the value of health-care and biotech companies.

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Blood biomarkers associated with amyloid clearance differ from those associated with cognitive decline in patients receiving lecanemab

FREMONT, Calif., Sept. 24, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Alamar Biosciences, Inc. (Nasdaq: ALMR), a leader in precision proteomics dedicated to enabling the earliest detection of disease, today announced the publication in The Lancet Neurology of the first longitudinal cohort study to evaluate a broad panel of plasma biomarkers in patients receiving anti-amyloid antibody therapy in real-world clinical practice. The study shows that patients with early symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease exhibit markedly different biological responses during treatment with lecanemab.

Led by investigators at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, the study used Alamar’s NULISAseq™ CNS 120 panel to measure 130 plasma proteins spanning amyloid and tau pathology, inflammation, neurodegeneration and synaptic function. Researchers profiled 2,385 samples from 1,967 participants using just 25 microliters of plasma per sample, including patients receiving lecanemab as part of standard clinical care at the Washington University Memory Diagnostic Center and untreated comparison groups from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center.

“Anti-amyloid therapies are now part of routine care, but until now we have had a very narrow window into what is actually happening biologically in the patients receiving them," said Carlos Cruchaga, PhD, Professor of Psychiatry and director of the NeuroGenomics and Informatics Center at Washington University School of Medicine, and co-senior author of the study. “Our findings show that Alzheimer’s disease and neurodegeneration biomarkers have unique trajectories that capture specific biological process associated with treatment response.”

The proteins associated with amyloid clearance were largely different from those associated with subsequent cognitive decline. The findings show that amyloid clearance and cognitive response reflect different biological processes, helping explain why clearing amyloid does not produce the same degree of clinical benefit in every patient, a pattern observed both in this cohort and across anti-amyloid trials.

Additionally, among 197 patients treated with lecanemab, 34 of the 130 biomarkers measured significantly changed with the number of infusions received, and they did not all move in the same direction. Among the proteins that most strongly distinguished these patients from controls, the brain-derived forms of tau consistently outperformed the same proteins circulating in the periphery, accounting for four of the top five both before treatment and at the last infusion stage. Separating tau that originates in the brain from its systemic counterpart requires both high specificity for the brain-derived form and the sensitivity to detect it at very low concentrations. Measuring these variants alongside more than 100 additional proteins in a single sample is what allowed the investigators to track pathology and treatment response in one assay.

“This study shows why measuring one or two biomarkers is not enough to understand what is happening during treatment and why ultra-high sensitivity matters,” said Yuling Luo, PhD, founder, CEO and chair of Alamar Biosciences. “Alamar’s precision proteomics platform gives researchers a much richer picture of treatment response and helps us understand why patients with the same diagnosis can have very different outcomes.”

About Alamar Biosciences 
Alamar is a commercial-stage proteomics company establishing a gold standard in protein detection and analysis. Leveraging our proprietary NULISA™ technology and the ARGO® HT System, our platform is designed to detect protein biomarkers at extremely low concentrations in blood with ultra-high sensitivity, high specificity, flexible multiplexing, broad dynamic range and seamless automation. We refer to this combination of features as “Precision Proteomics,” and believe it fills a critical gap in the field of advanced proteomics, helping researchers unlock the full spectrum of protein biomarkers across disease states. Learn more at alamarbio.com. 

Forward Looking Statements 
This press release may contain forward-looking statements, including statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be identified by words such as "aims," "anticipates," "believes," "could," "estimates," "expects," "forecasts," "intends," "may," "plans," "possible," "potential," "seeks," "will" and variations of these words or similar expressions that are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Any such statements in this press release that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements regarding the Alamar platform’s capabilities, performance and impact, including its ability to provide richer insights into the treatment response of patients receiving anti-amyloid antibody therapy in real-world clinical practice. Any forward-looking statements in this press release are based on Alamar Biosciences’ current expectations and involve assumptions that may never materialize or may prove to be incorrect. Readers are cautioned that actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in Alamar Biosciences’ forward-looking statements due to a variety of risks and uncertainties, which include, without limitation, risks and uncertainties related to intense competition in the proteomics market, exposure to legal proceedings, regulatory inquiries and other legal matters, failure to develop new assays or instruments, dependence on researchers who rely heavily on government funding, reductions in spending by research and academic institutions, the potential for products to be subject to more onerous regulation by the FDA or other regulatory requirements, the complexity of manufacturing Alamar Biosciences’ instruments and consumables, failure to obtain marketing authorizations for future products that are intended for clinical or diagnostic use, Alamar Biosciences’ ability to protect its intellectual property, and the other risks described in Alamar Biosciences’ filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, including its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on , 2026. Alamar Biosciences explicitly disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements except to the extent required by law. 

Media Contact: 
Media@alamarbio.com 

Investor Contact: 
Investors@alamarbio.com 

FAQ

AI-generated questions and answers. How Rhea-AI works. Not financial advice.

How much plasma did Alamar's lecanemab study use per sample?

Researchers used 25 microliters of plasma per sample to measure 130 proteins with Alamar's NULISAseq CNS 120 panel. The proteins spanned amyloid and tau pathology, inflammation, neurodegeneration and synaptic function.

Where did participants in Alamar's lecanemab study come from?

Patients receiving lecanemab as part of standard clinical care came from the Washington University Memory Diagnostic Center. Untreated comparison groups came from the Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center.