AXT, Inc. Announces First Quarter 2025 Financial Results

FREMONT, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- AXT, Inc. (NasdaqGS: AXTI), a leading manufacturer of compound semiconductor wafer substrates, today reported financial results for the first quarter, ended March 31, 2025.

Management Qualitative Comments

“While the geopolitical environment is creating undeniable challenges, we are focusing our energies where we can drive positive returns today,” said Morris Young, chief executive officer. “Tongmei, our China subsidiary, is uniquely positioned to optimize growth opportunities in China, such as high-speed data center connectivity and LIDAR for autonomous driving, and are pursuing these and other opportunities with success across key markets for indium phosphide, gallium arsenide, and germanium substrates. We are also working tirelessly on behalf of our global customer base to ensure that we can continue to support their needs across all our products.

“We were highly disappointed with our gross margin performance in Q1,” Young continued. “We believe there is a sizeable opportunity for our gallium arsenide substrates in HBT devices for the wireless market, both within and outside of China. This represents exciting potential for which we believe our technology and products are well suited. We were excited in Q1 to have the opportunity to compete for a larger share but we stumbled in trying to scale too quickly. We continue to view this as an exciting space but are taking a more measured approach to market share expansion to ensure sure that we can execute effectively as we increase our production levels. This is now among my highest priorities here in China and the top priority of our manufacturing leadership. As such, we expect to see improvement beginning this quarter and continuing through the balance of 2025.”

First Quarter 2025 Results

• Revenue for the first quarter of 2025 was $19.4 million, compared with $25.1 million for the fourth quarter of 2024 and $22.7 million for the first quarter of 2024.

• GAAP gross margin was (6.4) percent of revenue for the first quarter of 2025, compared with 17.6 percent of revenue for the fourth quarter of 2024 and 26.9 percent for the first quarter of 2024.

• Non-GAAP gross margin, after excluding charges for stock-based compensation, was (6.1) percent of revenue for the first quarter of 2025, compared with 17.9 percent of revenue for the fourth quarter of 2024 and 27.3 percent for the first quarter of 2024.

The company’s decline in GAAP and non-GAAP gross margin from the prior quarter was primarily the result of three factors: a 58 percent reduction in indium phosphide sales quarter-over-quarter due to trade restrictions in China, a significant yield reduction on semi-insulating gallium arsenide wafers, and under-absorbed factory overhead due to lower substrate sales.

• GAAP net loss, after minority interests, for the first quarter of 2025 was a net loss of $8.8 million, or $0.20 per share, compared with a net loss of $5.1 million, or $0.12 per share, for the fourth quarter of 2024 and a net loss of $2.1 million, or $0.05 per share, for the first quarter of 2024.

• Non-GAAP net loss for the first quarter of 2025 was a net loss of $8.2 million, or $0.19 per share, compared with a net loss of $4.3 million, or $0.10 per share, for the fourth quarter of 2024 and a net loss of $1.3 million, or $0.03 per share, for the first quarter of 2024.

STAR Market Listing Update

On January 10, 2022, AXT announced that Beijing Tongmei Xtal Technology Co., Ltd. (“Tongmei”), its subsidiary in Beijing, China, submitted to the Shanghai Stock Exchange (the “SSE”) its application to list its shares in an initial public offering (the “IPO”) on the SSE’s Sci-Tech innovAtion boaRd (the “STAR Market”) and the application was accepted for review. Subsequently, Tongmei responded to several rounds of questions received from the SSE. On July 12, 2022, the SSE approved the listing of Tongmei’s shares in an IPO on the STAR Market. On August 1, 2022, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (the “CSRC”) accepted for review Tongmei’s IPO application. The STAR Market IPO remains subject to review and approval by the CSRC and other authorities. The process of going public on the STAR Market includes several periods of review and, therefore, is a lengthy process. Subject to review and approval by the CSRC and other authorities, Tongmei hopes to accomplish this goal in the coming months. AXT has posted a brief summary of the plan and the process on its website at https://investors.axt.com.

Conference Call

The company will host a conference call to discuss these results today at 1:30 p.m. PT. The conference call can be accessed at (800) 715-9871 (passcode 4378083). The call will also be simulcast at https://investors.axt.com. Replays will be available at (800) 770-2030 (Playback ID: 4378083 followed by # key) until May 15, 2025. Financial and statistical information to be discussed in the call will be available on the company’s website immediately prior to commencement of the call. Additional investor information can be accessed at https://investors.axt.com or by calling the company’s Investor Relations Department at (510) 438-4700.

About AXT, Inc.

AXT is a material science company that develops and manufactures high-performance compound and single element semiconductor substrate wafers comprising indium phosphide (InP), gallium arsenide (GaAs) and germanium (Ge). The company’s substrate wafers are used when a typical silicon substrate wafer cannot meet the performance requirements of a semiconductor or optoelectronic device. End markets include 5G infrastructure, data center connectivity (silicon photonics), passive optical networks, LED lighting, lasers, sensors, power amplifiers for wireless devices and satellite solar cells. AXT’s worldwide headquarters are in Fremont, California where the company maintains sales, administration and customer service functions. AXT has its Asia headquarters in Beijing, China and manufacturing facilities in three separate locations in China. In addition, as part of its supply chain strategy, the company has partial ownership in ten companies in China producing raw materials for its manufacturing process. For more information, see AXT’s website at https://investors.axt.com.

Safe Harbor Statement

The foregoing paragraphs contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Federal securities laws, including, for example, statements regarding the timing and completion of the proposed listing of shares of Tongmei on the STAR Market. Additional examples of forward-looking statements include statements regarding the market demand for our products, our product mix, our growth prospects and opportunities for continued business expansion, including technology trends, new applications and the ramping of Tier-1 customers, our market opportunity, our ability to lead our industry, our relocation, our expectations with respect to our business prospects and financial results, including our gross margin performance, and our development of larger diameter substrates that we believe will enable the next generation of technology innovation across a number of end-markets. These forward-looking statements are based upon assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and factors relating to the company’s operations and business environment, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements contained in the foregoing discussion. These uncertainties and factors include but are not limited to: the requests for redemptions by private equity funds in China of investments in Tongmei, the administrative challenges in satisfying the requirements of various government agencies in China in connection with the listing of shares of Tongmei on the STAR Market, continued open access to companies to list shares on the STAR Market, investor enthusiasm for new listings of shares on the STAR Market and geopolitical tensions between China and the United States. Additional uncertainties and factors include, but are not limited to: the timing and receipt of significant orders; the cancellation of orders and return of product; emerging applications using chips or devices fabricated on our substrates; end-user acceptance of products containing chips or devices fabricated on our substrates; our ability to bring new products to market; product announcements by our competitors; the ability to control costs and improve efficiency; the ability to utilize our manufacturing capacity; product yields and their impact on gross margins; the relocation of manufacturing lines and ramping of production; possible factory shutdowns as a result of air pollution in China or COVID-19; COVID-19 or other outbreaks of a contagious disease; tariffs and other trade war issues; the financial performance of our partially owned supply chain companies; policies and regulations in China; and other factors as set forth in the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and other filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Each of these factors is difficult to predict and many are beyond the company’s control. The company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

AXT, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited, in thousands, except per share data)
		Three Months Ended
		March 31,
		2025				2024
Revenue		$	19,356			$	22,688
Cost of revenue			20,597				16,594
Gross profit (loss)			(1,241	)			6,094
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative			5,916				6,227
Research and development			3,118				3,214
Total operating expenses			9,034				9,441
Loss from operations			(10,275	)			(3,347	)
Interest expense, net			(269	)			(349	)
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures			248				890
Other income, net			354				1,032
Loss before provision for income taxes			(9,942	)			(1,774	)
Provision for income taxes			74				274
Net loss			(10,016	)			(2,048	)
Less: Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests			1,218				(35	)
Net loss attributable to AXT, Inc.		$	(8,798	)		$	(2,083	)
Net loss attributable to AXT, Inc. per common share:
Basic		$	(0.20	)		$	(0.05	)
Diluted		$	(0.20	)		$	(0.05	)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic			43,554				42,987
Diluted			43,554				42,987

AXT, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited, in thousands)
		March 31,				December 31,
		2025				2024
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	31,584			$	22,833
Restricted cash			6,600				10,978
Accounts receivable, net			22,863				25,640
Inventories			80,409				85,077
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			8,075				13,744
Total current assets			149,531				158,272
Property, plant and equipment, net			159,035				159,721
Operating lease right-of-use assets			2,353				2,479
Other assets			22,558				18,842
Total assets		$	333,477			$	339,314
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		$	11,106			$	12,356
Accrued liabilities			11,630				14,556
Short-term loans			52,520				47,264
Total current liabilities			75,256				74,176
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities			1,855				1,977
Other long-term liabilities			10,194				8,253
Total liabilities			87,305				84,406
Redeemable noncontrolling interests			38,125				38,577
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock			3,532				3,532
Common stock			46				45
Additional paid-in capital			242,147				241,514
Accumulated deficit			(52,462	)			(43,664	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss			(8,226	)			(8,657	)
Total AXT, Inc. stockholders’ equity			185,037				192,770
Noncontrolling interests			23,010				23,561
Total stockholders’ equity			208,047				216,331
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and stockholders’ equity		$	333,477			$	339,314

AXT, INC. Reconciliation of Statements of Operations Under GAAP and Non-GAAP (Unaudited, in thousands)
		Three Months Ended
		March 31,
		2025				2024
GAAP gross profit (loss)		$	(1,241	)		$	6,094
Stock-based compensation expense			63				105
Non-GAAP gross profit (loss)		$	(1,178	)		$	6,199
GAAP operating expenses		$	9,034			$	9,441
Stock-based compensation expense			583				704
Non-GAAP operating expenses		$	8,451			$	8,737
GAAP loss from operations		$	(10,275	)		$	(3,347	)
Stock-based compensation expense			646				809
Non-GAAP loss from operations		$	(9,629	)		$	(2,538	)
GAAP net loss		$	(8,798	)		$	(2,083	)
Stock-based compensation expense			646				809
Non-GAAP net loss		$	(8,152	)		$	(1,274	)
GAAP net loss per diluted share		$	(0.20	)		$	(0.05	)
Stock-based compensation expense per diluted share		$	0.01			$	0.02
Non-GAAP net loss per diluted share		$	(0.19	)		$	(0.03	)
Shares used to compute diluted net income per share			43,554				42,987

 

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Gary Fischer

Chief Financial Officer

(510) 438-4700



Leslie Green

Green Communications Consulting, LLC

(650) 312-9060

Source: AXT, Inc.