Caterpillar Reports Third-Quarter 2025 Results

Rhea-AI Summary

Caterpillar (NYSE: CAT) reported third-quarter 2025 results on Oct. 29, 2025: sales and revenues $17.6 billion (+10% vs Q3 2024) and profit per share $4.88 (adjusted $4.95). Operating profit was $3.052 billion (down 3%) with an operating margin of 17.3% (adjusted 17.5%), below prior-year margins. Enterprise operating cash flow was $3.7 billion and cash on hand was $7.5 billion. The company deployed $1.1 billion for dividends and share repurchases in the quarter ($0.7B dividends, $0.4B buybacks). The effective tax rate rose to 26.7% and management cited higher manufacturing costs, unfavorable price realization, and tariffs as margin headwinds.

Positive

• Sales and revenues +10% to $17.6B in Q3 2025
• Enterprise operating cash flow of $3.7B in Q3 2025
• Cash balance of $7.5B at quarter end
• Deployed $1.1B to dividends and share repurchases in Q3 2025

Negative

• Operating margin down ~220 bps to 17.3% year-over-year
• Adjusted operating margin down ~250 bps to 17.5% year-over-year
• Adjusted profit per share declined to $4.95 from $5.17
• Operating profit decreased 3% to $3.052B
• Effective tax rate increased to 26.7% in Q3 2025

Insights

Financial Results Analyst

Revenue grew 10% driven by volume, but margins and EPS declined modestly; cash flow remained strong.

Caterpillar reported third-quarter 2025 consolidated sales and revenues of $17.6 billion, up 10% year-over-year, primarily from higher equipment sales volume. Operating profit fell to $3.052 billion (down 3%) and adjusted profit per share declined to $4.95 from $5.17 a year earlier, with GAAP EPS at $4.88. These figures show healthy top-line demand but pressure on profitability.

Key drivers included higher sales volume (+$1.554 billion impact), unfavorable price realization (-$191 million), and higher manufacturing costs largely from tariffs (-$686 million effect on operating profit). The company generated $3.7 billion enterprise operating cash flow and ended the quarter with $7.5 billion in enterprise cash while returning $1.1 billion to shareholders via dividends and repurchases. Watch the evolving effective tax rate (estimated annual 24.0%) and tariff-related manufacturing cost trends over the next two quarters for margin recovery potential.

Segment Operations Analyst

All major segments grew sales, but margins fell in Construction and Resource segments.

Construction Industries sales rose to $6.760 billion (+7%) driven by end-user equipment demand and dealer inventory changes, yet segment profit fell 7% to $1.377 billion due to unfavorable price realization and higher manufacturing costs. Resource Industries posted modest sales growth to $3.110 billion (+2%) while segment profit declined 19% to $499 million. Energy & Transportation led with a 17% sales increase to $8.397 billion and profit expansion.

Operational risks include sustained unfavorable price realization and tariff-driven manufacturing cost pressure, which reduced segment margins. Monitor sequential changes in price realization, tariffs, and dealer inventory levels over the next two quarters to gauge whether volume growth can translate into margin improvement at the segment level.

• Third-quarter 2025 sales and revenues increased 10% to $17.6 billion
• Third-quarter 2025 profit per share of $4.88; adjusted profit per share of $4.95    
• Deployed $1.1 billion of cash for dividends and share repurchases in the third quarter

		Third Quarter
($ in billions except profit per share)		2025	2024
Sales and Revenues		$17.6	$16.1
Profit Per Share		$4.88	$5.06
Adjusted Profit Per Share		$4.95	$5.17

Please see a reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures in the appendix on pages 12 and 13.

 

IRVING, Texas, Oct. 29, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- Caterpillar Inc. (NYSE: CAT) announced third-quarter 2025 results.

"Solid performance from our team generated strong results this quarter, driven by resilient demand and focused execution across our three primary segments," said Caterpillar CEO Joe Creed. "Our team's continued discipline in a dynamic environment, coupled with a growing backlog, positions us for sustained momentum and long-term profitable growth."

Sales and revenues for the third quarter of 2025 were $17.6 billion, a 10% increase compared with $16.1 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily due to higher sales volume. Higher sales volume was mainly driven by higher sales of equipment to end users.

Operating profit margin was 17.3% for the third quarter of 2025, compared with 19.5% for the third quarter of 2024. Adjusted operating profit margin was 17.5% for the third quarter of 2025, compared with 20.0% for the third quarter of 2024. Third-quarter 2025 profit per share was $4.88, compared with third-quarter 2024 profit per share of $5.06. Adjusted profit per share in the third quarter of 2025 was $4.95, compared with third-quarter 2024 adjusted profit per share of $5.17. Third-quarter 2025 profit per share of $4.88 reflected an increase in the estimated global annual effective tax rate to 24.0%, and a net discrete tax charge in the quarter. For the third quarter of 2025 and 2024, adjusted operating profit margin and adjusted profit per share excluded restructuring costs.

For the third quarter of 2025, enterprise operating cash flow was $3.7 billion, and the company ended the third quarter with $7.5 billion of enterprise cash. In the quarter, the company deployed $0.7 billion of cash for dividends and $0.4 billion of cash for repurchases of Caterpillar common stock.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS

Consolidated Sales and Revenues

Consolidated Sales and Revenues Comparison
Third Quarter 2025 vs. Third Quarter 2024  

To access this chart, go to https://investors.caterpillar.com/financials/quarterly-results/default.aspx for the downloadable version of Caterpillar third-quarter 2025 earnings

The chart above graphically illustrates reasons for the change in consolidated sales and revenues between the third quarter of 2024 (at left) and the third quarter of 2025 (at right). Caterpillar management utilizes these charts internally to visually communicate with the company's board of directors and employees.

Total sales and revenues for the third quarter of 2025 were $17.638 billion, an increase of $1.532 billion, or 10%, compared with $16.106 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily due to higher sales volume of $1.554 billion. The increase in sales volume was mainly driven by higher sales of equipment to end users.

Sales were higher across the three primary segments.

Sales and Revenues by Segment
(Millions of dollars)	Third Quarter 2024		Sales Volume		Price Realization		Currency		Inter-Segment / Other		Third Quarter 2025		$ Change		% Change
Construction Industries	$        6,345		$           568		$         (262)		$            69		$            40		$        6,760		$           415		7 %
Resource Industries	3,048		138		(61)		4		(19)		3,110		62		2 %
Energy & Transportation	7,187		870		132		52		156		8,397		1,210		17 %
All Other Segment	72		2		—		—		(1)		73		1		1 %
Corporate Items and Eliminations	(1,421)		(24)		—		7		(176)		(1,614)		(193)
Machinery, Energy & Transportation	15,231		1,554		(191)		132		—		16,726		1,495		10 %
Financial Products Segment	1,034		—		—		—		42		1,076		42		4 %
Corporate Items and Eliminations	(159)		—		—		—		(5)		(164)		(5)
Financial Products Revenues	875		—		—		—		37		912		37		4 %
Consolidated Sales and Revenues	$       16,106		$        1,554		$         (191)		$           132		$            37		$       17,638		$        1,532		10 %

 

Sales and Revenues by Geographic Region
	North America				Latin America				EAME				Asia/Pacific				External Sales and Revenues				Inter-Segment				Total Sales and Revenues
(Millions of dollars)	$		% Chg		$		% Chg		$		% Chg		$		% Chg		$		% Chg		$		% Chg		$		% Chg
Third Quarter 2025
Construction Industries	$   3,912		8 %		$     654		(1 %)		$   1,217		6 %		$     904		3 %		$   6,687		6 %		$       73		121 %		$   6,760		7 %
Resource Industries	1,152		1 %		543		9 %		541		22 %		799		(8 %)		3,035		3 %		75		(20 %)		3,110		2 %
Energy & Transportation	4,045		26 %		559		24 %		1,367		(8 %)		1,088		27 %		7,059		18 %		1,338		13 %		8,397		17 %
All Other Segment	5		400 %		—		100 %		2		100 %		3		(57 %)		10		25 %		63		(2 %)		73		1 %
Corporate Items and Eliminations	(59)				2				(3)				(5)				(65)				(1,549)				(1,614)
Machinery, Energy & Transportation	9,055		14 %		1,758		10 %		3,124		1 %		2,789		7 %		16,726		10 %		—		— %		16,726		10 %
Financial Products Segment	722		4 %		118		22 %		130		— %		106		(5 %)		1,076		4 %		—		— %		1,076		4 %
Corporate Items and Eliminations	(96)				(26)				(23)				(19)				(164)				—				(164)
Financial Products Revenues	626		4 %		92		21 %		107		(2 %)		87		(1 %)		912		4 %		—		— %		912		4 %
Consolidated Sales and Revenues	$   9,681		13 %		$   1,850		10 %		$   3,231		1 %		$   2,876		7 %		$ 17,638		10 %		$        —		— %		$ 17,638		10 %
Third Quarter 2024
Construction Industries	$   3,629				$     658				$   1,150				$     875				$   6,312				$       33				$   6,345
Resource Industries	1,141				499				444				870				2,954				94				3,048
Energy & Transportation	3,214				449				1,486				856				6,005				1,182				7,187
All Other Segment	1				(1)				1				7				8				64				72
Corporate Items and Eliminations	(42)				(3)				9				(12)				(48)				(1,373)				(1,421)
Machinery, Energy & Transportation	7,943				1,602				3,090				2,596				15,231				—				15,231
Financial Products Segment	695				97				130				112				1,034				—				1,034
Corporate Items and Eliminations	(93)				(21)				(21)				(24)				(159)				—				(159)
Financial Products Revenues	602				76				109				88				875				—				875
Consolidated Sales and Revenues	$   8,545				$   1,678				$   3,199				$   2,684				$ 16,106				$        —				$ 16,106

Consolidated Operating Profit

Consolidated Operating Profit Comparison
Third Quarter 2025 vs. Third Quarter 2024  

To access this chart, go to https://investors.caterpillar.com/financials/quarterly-results/default.aspx for the downloadable version of Caterpillar third-quarter 2025 earnings.

The chart above graphically illustrates reasons for the change in consolidated operating profit between the third quarter of 2024 (at left) and the third quarter of 2025 (at right). Caterpillar management utilizes these charts internally to visually communicate with the company's board of directors and employees. The bar titled Other includes consolidating adjustments and Machinery, Energy & Transportation's other operating (income) expenses.

Operating profit for the third quarter of 2025 was $3.052 billion, a decrease of $95 million, or 3%, compared with $3.147 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The decrease was mainly due to unfavorable manufacturing costs of $686 million, unfavorable price realization of $191 million and higher selling, general and administrative (SG&A) and research and development (R&D) expenses of $129 million. This was partially offset by the profit impact of higher sales volume of $700 million, favorable other operating income/expense of $180 million and lower restructuring costs of $33 million. Unfavorable manufacturing costs largely reflected the impact of higher tariffs. The increase in SG&A/R&D expenses was primarily driven by higher compensation expenses, including higher short-term incentive compensation expense. Favorable other operating income/expense included proceeds from an insurance claim.

Profit (Loss) by Segment
(Millions of dollars)	Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		$ Change		%  Change
Construction Industries	$                 1,377		$                 1,486		$                  (109)		(7 %)
Resource Industries	499		619		(120)		(19 %)
Energy & Transportation	1,678		1,433		245		17 %
All Other Segment	(6)		(13)		7		54 %
Corporate Items and Eliminations	(546)		(427)		(119)
Machinery, Energy & Transportation	3,002		3,098		(96)		(3 %)
Financial Products Segment	241		246		(5)		(2 %)
Corporate Items and Eliminations	(38)		(30)		(8)
Financial Products	203		216		(13)		(6 %)
Consolidating Adjustments	(153)		(167)		14
Consolidated Operating Profit	$                 3,052		$                 3,147		$                    (95)		(3 %)

Other Profit/Loss and Tax Items

• Other income (expense) in the third quarter of 2025 was income of $208 million, compared with income of $76 million in the third quarter of 2024. The change was primarily driven by favorable foreign currency impacts.
  
  
• The effective tax rate for the third quarter of 2025 was 26.7% compared to 20.7% for the third quarter of 2024. Excluding the discrete items discussed below, the third-quarter 2025 estimated global annual effective tax rate was 24.0% compared with 22.5% for the third quarter of 2024.
  
  The company recorded a $54 million charge in the third quarter of 2025 for an increase in the estimated global annual effective tax rate through the first six months, primarily due to a change in tax incentives driven by U.S. tax legislation enacted on July 4, 2025, which reinstated 100 percent bonus depreciation and full expensing of U.S. research and development expenditures. The company also recorded a discrete tax charge of $41 million in the third quarter of 2025, compared to discrete tax benefits of $47 million in the third quarter of 2024, to reflect changes in estimates related to prior years. In addition, a discrete tax benefit of $10 million was recorded in the third quarter of 2025, compared with a $7 million benefit in the third quarter of 2024, for the settlement of stock-based compensation awards with associated tax deductions in excess of cumulative U.S. GAAP compensation expense.
  
  Please see a reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures in the appendix on pages 12 and 13.

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES
(Millions of dollars)
Segment Sales
		Third Quarter 2024		Sales Volume		Price Realization		Currency		Inter- Segment		Third Quarter 2025		$  Change		%  Change
Total Sales		$       6,345		$          568		$      (262)		$            69		$               40		$          6,760		$      415		7 %
Sales by Geographic Region
		Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		$ Change		% Change
North America		$       3,912		$       3,629		$        283		8 %
Latin America		654		658		(4)		(1 %)
EAME		1,217		1,150		67		6 %
Asia/Pacific		904		875		29		3 %
External Sales		6,687		6,312		375		6 %
Inter-segment		73		33		40		121 %
Total Sales		$       6,760		$       6,345		$        415		7 %
Segment Profit
		Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		Change		% Change
Segment Profit		$       1,377		$       1,486		$      (109)		(7 %)
Segment Profit Margin		20.4 %		23.4 %		(3.0 pts)

Construction Industries' total sales were $6.760 billion in the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $415 million, or 7%, compared with $6.345 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The increase in sales was mainly due to higher sales volume of $568 million and favorable currency impacts of $69 million, primarily related to the euro, partially offset by unfavorable price realization of $262 million. Higher sales volume was primarily driven by higher sales of equipment to end users.

• In North America, sales increased due to higher sales volume, partially offset by unfavorable price realization. Higher sales volume was mainly driven by higher sales of equipment to end users.
• Sales decreased in Latin America due to unfavorable price realization, partially offset by higher sales volume and favorable currency impacts primarily related to the Brazilian real. Higher sales volume was mainly driven by higher sales of equipment to end users.
• In EAME, sales increased mainly due to higher sales volume and favorable currency impacts primarily related to the euro, partially offset by unfavorable price realization. Higher sales volume was primarily driven by higher sales of equipment to end users.
• Sales increased in Asia/Pacific mainly due to higher sales volume and favorable currency impacts primarily related to the Japanese yen. Higher sales volume was mainly driven by the impact from changes in dealer inventories. Dealer inventory increased during the third quarter of 2025, compared with a decrease during the third quarter of 2024.

Construction Industries' segment profit was $1.377 billion in the third quarter of 2025, a decrease of $109 million, or 7%, compared with $1.486 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The decrease was primarily due to unfavorable price realization of $262 million and unfavorable manufacturing costs of $174 million, partially offset by the profit impact of higher sales volume of $313 million. Unfavorable manufacturing costs largely reflected the impact of higher tariffs.

RESOURCE INDUSTRIES
(Millions of dollars)
Segment Sales
		Third Quarter 2024		Sales Volume		Price Realization		Currency		Inter- Segment		Third Quarter 2025		$  Change		%  Change
Total Sales		$       3,048		$          138		$        (61)		$              4		$             (19)		$          3,110		$        62		2 %
Sales by Geographic Region
		Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		$ Change		% Change
North America		$       1,152		$       1,141		$          11		1 %
Latin America		543		499		44		9 %
EAME		541		444		97		22 %
Asia/Pacific		799		870		(71)		(8 %)
External Sales		3,035		2,954		81		3 %
Inter-segment		75		94		(19)		(20 %)
Total Sales		$       3,110		$       3,048		$          62		2 %
Segment Profit
		Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		Change		% Change
Segment Profit		$          499		$          619		$      (120)		(19 %)
Segment Profit Margin		16.0 %		20.3 %		(4.3 pts)

Resource Industries' total sales were $3.110 billion in the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $62 million, or 2%, compared with $3.048 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily due to higher sales volume of $138 million, partially offset by unfavorable price realization of $61 million. The increase in sales volume was mainly driven by higher sales of equipment to end users.

Resource Industries' segment profit was $499 million in the third quarter of 2025, a decrease of $120 million, or 19%, compared with $619 million in the third quarter of 2024. The decrease was mainly due to unfavorable manufacturing costs of $92 million and unfavorable price realization of $61 million, partially offset by the profit impact of higher sales volume of $49 million. Unfavorable manufacturing costs largely reflected the impact of higher tariffs.

ENERGY & TRANSPORTATION
(Millions of dollars)
Segment Sales
		Third Quarter 2024		Sales Volume		Price Realization		Currency		Inter- Segment		Third Quarter 2025		$  Change		%  Change
Total Sales		$       7,187		$          870		$        132		$            52		$             156		$          8,397		$    1,210		17 %
Sales by Application
		Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		$ Change		% Change
Oil and Gas		$       1,979		$       1,656		$        323		20 %
Power Generation		2,634		2,011		623		31 %
Industrial		1,077		1,028		49		5 %
Transportation		1,369		1,310		59		5 %
External Sales		7,059		6,005		1,054		18 %
Inter-segment		1,338		1,182		156		13 %
Total Sales		$       8,397		$       7,187		$     1,210		17 %
Segment Profit
		Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		Change		% Change
Segment Profit		$       1,678		$       1,433		$        245		17 %
Segment Profit Margin		20.0 %		19.9 %		0.1 pts

Energy & Transportation's total sales were $8.397 billion in the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $1.210 billion, or 17%, compared with $7.187 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily due to higher sales volume of $870 million and higher inter-segment sales of $156 million.

• Oil and Gas – Sales increased for turbines and turbine-related services. Sales also increased in reciprocating engines used in gas compression applications.
• Power Generation – Sales increased in large reciprocating engines, primarily data center applications.
• Industrial – Sales increased in EAME, partially offset by decreased sales in Asia/Pacific.
• Transportation – Sales increased in rail services.

Energy & Transportation's segment profit was $1.678 billion in the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $245 million, or 17%, compared with $1.433 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily due to the profit impact of higher sales volume of $357 million and favorable price realization of $132 million, partially offset by unfavorable manufacturing costs of $287 million. Unfavorable manufacturing costs primarily reflected the impact of higher tariffs.

FINANCIAL PRODUCTS SEGMENT
(Millions of dollars)
Revenues by Geographic Region
		Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		$ Change		% Change
North America		$             722		$             695		$               27		4 %
Latin America		118		97		21		22 %
EAME		130		130		—		— %
Asia/Pacific		106		112		(6)		(5 %)
Total Revenues		$          1,076		$          1,034		$               42		4 %
Segment Profit
		Third Quarter 2025		Third Quarter 2024		Change		% Change
Segment Profit		$             241		$             246		$               (5)		(2 %)

Financial Products' segment revenues were $1.076 billion in the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $42 million, or 4%, compared with $1.034 billion in the third quarter of 2024. The increase was primarily due to a favorable impact from higher average earning assets of $56 million driven by North America, partially offset by an unfavorable impact from lower average financing rates of $15 million across all regions except Latin America.

Financial Products' segment profit was $241 million in the third quarter of 2025, a decrease of $5 million, or 2%, compared with $246 million in the third quarter of 2024. The decrease was mainly due to a higher provision for credit losses at Cat Financial of $15 million, higher SG&A expenses of $7 million and an unfavorable impact from equity securities at Insurance Services of $6 million, partially offset by a favorable impact from higher average earning assets of $23 million.

At the end of the third quarter of 2025, past dues at Cat Financial were 1.47%, compared with 1.74% at the end of the third quarter of 2024. Write-offs, net of recoveries, were $40 million for the third quarter of 2025, compared with $27 million for the third quarter of 2024. As of September 30, 2025, Cat Financial's allowance for credit losses totaled $283 million, or 0.89% of finance receivables, compared with $290 million, or 0.94% of finance receivables at June 30, 2025. The allowance for credit losses at year-end 2024 was $267 million, or 0.91% of finance receivables.

Corporate Items and Eliminations

Expense for corporate items and eliminations was $584 million in the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $127 million from the third quarter of 2024, primarily driven by higher corporate costs, including higher short-term incentive compensation expense, and increased expenses due to timing differences, partially offset by proceeds from an insurance claim and favorable impacts of segment reporting methodology differences.

Notes

i.  Glossary of terms is included on the Caterpillar website at https://investors.caterpillar.com/overview/default.aspx.
ii.  Sales of equipment to end users is demonstrated by the company's Rolling 3 Month Retail Sales Statistics filed in a Form 8-K on Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025.
iii.  Information on non-GAAP financial measures is included in the appendix on pages 12 and 13.
iv.  Some amounts within this report are rounded to the millions or billions and may not add.
v.  Caterpillar will conduct a teleconference and live webcast, with a slide presentation, beginning at 7:30 a.m. Central Time on Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025, to discuss its 2025 third-quarter results. The accompanying slides will be available before the webcast on the Caterpillar website at https://investors.caterpillar.com/events-presentations/default.aspx.

About Caterpillar

With 2024 sales and revenues of $64.8 billion, Caterpillar Inc. is the world's leading manufacturer of construction and mining equipment, off-highway diesel and natural gas engines, industrial gas turbines and diesel-electric locomotives. For 100 years, we've been helping customers build a better, more sustainable world and are committed and contributing to a reduced-carbon future. Our innovative products and services, backed by our global dealer network, provide exceptional value that helps customers succeed. Caterpillar does business on every continent, principally operating through three primary segments – Construction Industries, Resource Industries and Energy & Transportation – and providing financing and related services through our Financial Products segment. Visit us at caterpillar.com or join the conversation on our social media channels at caterpillar.com/en/news/social-media.html.

Caterpillar's latest financial results are also available online:

https://investors.caterpillar.com/overview/default.aspx

https://investors.caterpillar.com/financials/quarterly-results/default.aspx  (live broadcast/replays of quarterly conference call)

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this press release relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as "believe," "estimate," "will be," "will," "would," "expect," "anticipate," "plan," "forecast," "target," "guide," "project," "intend," "could," "should" or other similar words or expressions often identify forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding our outlook, projections, forecasts or trend descriptions. These statements do not guarantee future performance and speak only as of the date they are made, and we do not undertake to update our forward-looking statements.

Caterpillar's actual results may differ materially from those described or implied in our forward-looking statements based on a number of factors, including, but not limited to: (i) global and regional economic conditions and economic conditions in the industries we serve; (ii) commodity price changes, material price increases, fluctuations in demand for our products or significant shortages of material; (iii) government monetary or fiscal policies; (iv) political and economic risks, commercial instability and events beyond our control in the countries in which we operate; (v) international trade policies and their impact on demand for our products and our competitive position, including the imposition of new tariffs or changes in existing tariff rates; (vi) our ability to develop, produce and market quality products that meet our customers' needs; (vii) the impact of the highly competitive environment in which we operate on our sales and pricing; (viii) information technology security threats and computer crime; (ix) inventory management decisions and sourcing practices of our dealers and our OEM customers; (x) a failure to realize, or a delay in realizing, all of the anticipated benefits of our acquisitions, joint ventures or divestitures; (xi) union disputes or other employee relations issues; (xii) adverse effects of unexpected events; (xiii) disruptions or volatility in global financial markets limiting our sources of liquidity or the liquidity of our customers, dealers and suppliers; (xiv) failure to maintain our credit ratings and potential resulting increases to our cost of borrowing and adverse effects on our cost of funds, liquidity, competitive position and access to capital markets; (xv) our Financial Products segment's risks associated with the financial services industry; (xvi) changes in interest rates or market liquidity conditions; (xvii) an increase in delinquencies, repossessions or net losses of Cat Financial's customers; (xviii) currency fluctuations; (xix) our or Cat Financial's compliance with financial and other restrictive covenants in debt agreements; (xx) increased pension plan funding obligations; (xxi) alleged or actual violations of trade or anti-corruption laws and regulations; (xxii) additional tax expense or exposure, including the impact of U.S. tax reform; (xxiii) significant legal proceedings, claims, lawsuits or government investigations; (xxiv) new regulations or changes in financial services regulations; (xxv) compliance with environmental laws and regulations; (xxvi) catastrophic events, including global pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic; and (xxvii) other factors described in more detail in Caterpillar's Forms 10-Q, 10-K and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

APPENDIX

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

The following definitions are provided for the non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures have no standardized meaning prescribed by U.S. GAAP and therefore are unlikely to be comparable to the calculation of similar measures for other companies. Management does not intend these items to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the related GAAP measures.

The company believes it is important to separately quantify the profit impact of one significant item in order for the company's results to be meaningful to readers. This item consists of (i) restructuring income/costs. The company does not consider this item indicative of earnings from ongoing business activities and believes the non-GAAP measure provides investors with useful perspective on underlying business results and trends and aids with assessing the company's period-over-period results. The company intends to discuss adjusted profit per share for the fourth quarter and full-year 2025, excluding mark-to-market gains or losses for remeasurement of pension and other postemployment benefit plans.

Reconciliations of adjusted results to the most directly comparable GAAP measure are as follows:

(Dollars in millions except per share data)		Operating Profit		Operating Profit Margin		Profit Before Taxes		Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes			Profit		Profit per Share
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025  - U.S. GAAP		$           3,052		17.3 %		$           3,127		$             836			$           2,300		$            4.88
Restructuring (income) costs		37		0.2 %		37		9			28		0.07
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 - Adjusted		$           3,089		17.5 %		$           3,164		$             845			$           2,328		$            4.95
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024  - U.S. GAAP		$           3,147		19.5 %		$           3,098		$             642			$           2,464		$            5.06
Restructuring (income) costs		70		0.5 %		70		16			54		0.11
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 - Adjusted		$           3,217		20.0 %		$           3,168		$             658			$           2,518		$            5.17

The company believes it is important to separately disclose the annual effective tax rate, excluding discrete items for the results to be meaningful to readers. The annual effective tax rate is discussed using non-GAAP financial measures that exclude the effects of amounts associated with discrete items recorded fully in the quarter they occur. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, these items consist of (i) the increase in the annual effective tax rate in 2025, (ii) the impact of changes in estimates related to prior years and (iii) the settlement of stock-based compensation awards with associated tax deductions in excess of cumulative U.S. GAAP compensation expense. The company believes the non-GAAP measures will provide investors with useful perspective on underlying business results and trends and aids with assessing the company's period-over-period results.

A reconciliation of the effective tax rate to annual effective tax rate, excluding discrete items is below:

(Dollars in millions)		Profit Before Taxes		Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes		Effective Tax Rate
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025  - U.S. GAAP		$           3,127		836		26.7 %
Increase in annual effective tax rate		—		(54)
Changes in estimates related to prior years		—		(41)
Excess stock-based compensation		—		10
Annual effective tax rate, excluding discrete items		$           3,127		$             751		24.0 %
Increase in annual effective tax rate		—		54
Changes in estimates related to prior years		—		41
Excess stock-based compensation		—		(10)
Restructuring (income) costs		37		9
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 - Adjusted		$           3,164		$             845
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024  - U.S. GAAP		$           3,098		$             642		20.7 %
Changes in estimates related to prior years		—		47
Excess stock-based compensation		—		7
Annual effective tax rate, excluding discrete items		$           3,098		$             696		22.5 %
Changes in estimates related to prior years		—		(47)
Excess stock-based compensation		—		(7)
Restructuring (income) costs		70		16
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 - Adjusted		$           3,168		$             658

Supplemental Consolidating Data

The company is providing supplemental consolidating data for the purpose of additional analysis. The data has been grouped as follows:

Consolidated – Caterpillar Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Machinery, Energy & Transportation (ME&T) – The company defines ME&T as it is presented in the supplemental data as Caterpillar Inc. and its subsidiaries, excluding Financial Products. ME&T's information relates to the design, manufacturing and marketing of its products.

Financial Products – The company defines Financial Products as it is presented in the supplemental data as its finance and insurance subsidiaries, primarily Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation (Cat Financial) and Caterpillar Insurance Holdings Inc. (Insurance Services). Financial Products' information relates to the financing to customers and dealers for the purchase and lease of Caterpillar and other equipment.

Consolidating Adjustments – Eliminations of transactions between ME&T and Financial Products.

The nature of the ME&T and Financial Products businesses is different, especially with regard to the financial position and cash flow items. Caterpillar management utilizes this presentation internally to highlight these differences. The company believes this presentation will assist readers in understanding its business.

Pages 15 to 25 reconcile ME&T and Financial Products to Caterpillar Inc. consolidated financial information.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statement of Results of Operations (Unaudited) (Dollars in millions except per share data)
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Sales and revenues:
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation	$       16,726		$      15,231		$       45,778		$     46,031
Revenues of Financial Products	912		875		2,678		2,563
Total sales and revenues	17,638		16,106		48,456		48,594
Operating costs:
Cost of goods sold	11,673		10,066		31,445		29,878
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1,822		1,669		5,109		4,898
Research and development expenses	555		533		1,586		1,588
Interest expense of Financial Products	346		336		1,008		948
Other operating (income) expenses	190		355		817		1,134
Total operating costs	14,586		12,959		39,965		38,446
Operating profit	3,052		3,147		8,491		10,148
Interest expense excluding Financial Products	133		125		375		405
Other income (expense)	208		76		399		387
Consolidated profit before taxes	3,127		3,098		8,515		10,130
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	836		642		2,056		2,166
Profit of consolidated companies	2,291		2,456		6,459		7,964
Equity in profit (loss) of unconsolidated affiliated companies	8		7		22		34
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies	2,299		2,463		6,481		7,998
Less: Profit (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(1)		(1)		(1)		(3)
Profit 1	$         2,300		$        2,464		$         6,482		$       8,001
Profit per common share	$          4.91		$          5.09		$         13.76		$       16.36
Profit per common share — diluted 2	$          4.88		$          5.06		$         13.69		$       16.27
Weighted-average common shares outstanding (millions)
– Basic	468.6		484.2		471.3		489.0
– Diluted 2	470.8		486.7		473.4		491.7

1	Profit attributable to common shareholders.
2	Diluted by assumed exercise of stock-based compensation awards using the treasury stock method.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$                     7,538		$                     6,889
Receivables – trade and other	10,146		9,282
Receivables – finance	10,315		9,565
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,861		3,119
Inventories	18,958		16,827
Total current assets	49,818		45,682
Property, plant and equipment – net	14,310		13,361
Long-term receivables – trade and other	1,618		1,225
Long-term receivables – finance	13,985		13,242
Noncurrent deferred and refundable income taxes	3,000		3,312
Intangible assets	281		399
Goodwill	5,329		5,241
Other assets	5,381		5,302
Total assets	$                   93,722		$                   87,764
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings:
-- Financial Products	$                     4,509		$                     4,393
Accounts payable	8,729		7,675
Accrued expenses	5,187		5,243
Accrued wages, salaries and employee benefits	2,126		2,391
Customer advances	3,391		2,322
Dividends payable	—		674
Other current liabilities	2,760		2,909
Long-term debt due within one year:
-- Machinery, Energy & Transportation	32		46
-- Financial Products	9,257		6,619
Total current liabilities	35,991		32,272
Long-term debt due after one year:
-- Machinery, Energy & Transportation	10,669		8,564
-- Financial Products	17,067		18,787
Liability for postemployment benefits	3,664		3,757
Other liabilities	5,672		4,890
Total liabilities	73,063		68,270
Shareholders' equity
Common stock	6,223		6,941
Treasury stock	(48,302)		(44,331)
Profit employed in the business	64,460		59,352
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,723)		(2,471)
Noncontrolling interests	1		3
Total shareholders' equity	20,659		19,494
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$                   93,722		$                   87,764

 

Caterpillar Inc. Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024
Cash flow from operating activities:
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies	$              6,481		$             7,998
Adjustments to reconcile profit to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,664		1,598
Provision (benefit) for deferred income taxes	300		(329)
(Gain) loss on divestiture	—		164
Other	509		221
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures:
Receivables – trade and other	(788)		(30)
Inventories	(2,015)		(781)
Accounts payable	1,086		(96)
Accrued expenses	51		9
Accrued wages, salaries and employee benefits	(296)		(671)
Customer advances	1,649		476
Other assets – net	(138)		120
Other liabilities – net	(355)		(37)
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities	8,148		8,642
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures – excluding equipment leased to others	(1,923)		(1,285)
Expenditures for equipment leased to others	(1,021)		(893)
Proceeds from disposals of leased assets and property, plant and equipment	544		541
Additions to finance receivables	(10,964)		(11,457)
Collections of finance receivables	9,890		10,234
Proceeds from sale of finance receivables	26		69
Investments and acquisitions (net of cash acquired)	(26)		(32)
Proceeds from sale of businesses and investments (net of cash sold)	12		(67)
Proceeds from maturities and sale of securities	1,945		2,841
Investments in securities	(1,291)		(892)
Other – net	(19)		137
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities	(2,827)		(804)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Dividends paid	(2,043)		(1,966)
Common stock issued, and other stock compensation transactions, net	(39)		15
Payments to purchase common stock	(4,850)		(7,057)
Excise tax paid on purchases of common stock	(73)		—
Proceeds from debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	8,454		7,579
Payments on debt (original maturities greater than three months)	(6,205)		(6,862)
Short-term borrowings – net (original maturities three months or less)	106		(848)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	(4,650)		(9,139)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(23)		(39)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	648		(1,340)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	6,896		6,985
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$              7,544		$             5,645

Cash equivalents primarily represent short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of generally three months or less.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Supplemental Data for Results of Operations For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
			Supplemental Consolidating Data
	Consolidated		Machinery, Energy & Transportation		Financial Products		Consolidating Adjustments
Sales and revenues:
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation	$          16,726		$                16,726		$                —		$                 —
Revenues of Financial Products	912		—		1,115		(203)	1
Total sales and revenues	17,638		16,726		1,115		(203)
Operating costs:
Cost of goods sold	11,673		11,675		—		(2)	2
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1,822		1,608		218		(4)	2
Research and development expenses	555		555		—		—
Interest expense of Financial Products	346		—		358		(12)	2
Other operating (income) expenses	190		(114)		336		(32)	2
Total operating costs	14,586		13,724		912		(50)
Operating profit	3,052		3,002		203		(153)
Interest expense excluding Financial Products	133		136		—		(3)	3
Other income (expense)	208		25		33		150	4
Consolidated profit before taxes	3,127		2,891		236		—
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	836		773		63		—
Profit of consolidated companies	2,291		2,118		173		—
Equity in profit (loss) of unconsolidated affiliated companies	8		8		—		—
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies	2,299		2,126		173		—
Less: Profit (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(1)		(1)		—		—
Profit 5	$            2,300		$                  2,127		$              173		$                 —

1	Elimination of Financial Products' revenues earned from ME&T.
2	Elimination of net expenses recorded between ME&T and Financial Products.
3	Elimination of interest expense recorded between Financial Products and ME&T.
4	Elimination of discount recorded by ME&T on receivables sold to Financial Products and of interest earned between ME&T and Financial Products as well as dividends paid by Financial Products to ME&T.
5	Profit attributable to common shareholders.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Supplemental Data for Results of Operations For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
			Supplemental Consolidating Data
	Consolidated		Machinery, Energy & Transportation		Financial Products		Consolidating Adjustments
Sales and revenues:
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation	$          15,231		$              15,231		$                —		$                 —
Revenues of Financial Products	875		—		1,078		(203)	1
Total sales and revenues	16,106		15,231		1,078		(203)
Operating costs:
Cost of goods sold	10,066		10,067		—		(1)	2
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1,669		1,484		197		(12)	2
Research and development expenses	533		533		—		—
Interest expense of Financial Products	336		—		336		—
Other operating (income) expenses	355		49		329		(23)	2
Total operating costs	12,959		12,133		862		(36)
Operating profit	3,147		3,098		216		(167)
Interest expense excluding Financial Products	125		127		—		(2)
Other income (expense)	76		(122)		33		165	3
Consolidated profit before taxes	3,098		2,849		249		—
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	642		582		60		—
Profit of consolidated companies	2,456		2,267		189		—
Equity in profit (loss) of unconsolidated affiliated companies	7		7		—		—
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies	2,463		2,274		189		—
Less: Profit (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(1)		(1)		—		—
Profit 4	$            2,464		$                2,275		$              189		$                 —

1	Elimination of Financial Products' revenues earned from ME&T.
2	Elimination of net expenses recorded by ME&T paid to Financial Products.
3	Elimination of discount recorded by ME&T on receivables sold to Financial Products and of interest earned between ME&T and Financial Products as well as dividends paid by Financial Products to ME&T.
4	Profit attributable to common shareholders.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Supplemental Data for Results of Operations For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
			Supplemental Consolidating Data
	Consolidated		Machinery, Energy & Transportation		Financial Products		Consolidating Adjustments
Sales and revenues:
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation	$          45,778		$                45,778		$                —		$                 —
Revenues of Financial Products	2,678		—		3,244		(566)	1
Total sales and revenues	48,456		45,778		3,244		(566)
Operating costs:
Cost of goods sold	31,445		31,451		—		(6)	2
Selling, general and administrative expenses	5,109		4,513		623		(27)	2
Research and development expenses	1,586		1,586		—		—
Interest expense of Financial Products	1,008		—		1,026		(18)	2
Other operating (income) expenses	817		(84)		979		(78)	2
Total operating costs	39,965		37,466		2,628		(129)
Operating profit	8,491		8,312		616		(437)
Interest expense excluding Financial Products	375		385		—		(10)	3
Other income (expense)	399		(121)		93		427	4
Consolidated profit before taxes	8,515		7,806		709		—
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	2,056		1,878		178		—
Profit of consolidated companies	6,459		5,928		531		—
Equity in profit (loss) of unconsolidated affiliated companies	22		22		—		—
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies	6,481		5,950		531		—
Less: Profit (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(1)		(2)		1		—
Profit 5	$            6,482		$                  5,952		$              530		$                 —

1	Elimination of Financial Products' revenues earned from ME&T.
2	Elimination of net expenses recorded between ME&T and Financial Products.
3	Elimination of interest expense recorded between Financial Products and ME&T.
4	Elimination of discount recorded by ME&T on receivables sold to Financial Products and of interest earned between ME&T and Financial Products as well as dividends paid by Financial Products to ME&T.
5	Profit attributable to common shareholders.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Supplemental Data for Results of Operations For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
			Supplemental Consolidating Data
	Consolidated		Machinery, Energy & Transportation		Financial Products		Consolidating Adjustments
Sales and revenues:
Sales of Machinery, Energy & Transportation	$          46,031		$                46,031		$                —		$                 —
Revenues of Financial Products	2,563		—		3,150		(587)	1
Total sales and revenues	48,594		46,031		3,150		(587)
Operating costs:
Cost of goods sold	29,878		29,883		—		(5)	2
Selling, general and administrative expenses	4,898		4,346		560		(8)	2
Research and development expenses	1,588		1,588		—		—
Interest expense of Financial Products	948		—		948		—
Other operating (income) expenses	1,134		51		1,174		(91)	2
Total operating costs	38,446		35,868		2,682		(104)
Operating profit	10,148		10,163		468		(483)
Interest expense excluding Financial Products	405		407		—		(2)
Other income (expense)	387		(163)		69		481	3
Consolidated profit before taxes	10,130		9,593		537		—
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	2,166		1,983		183		—
Profit of consolidated companies	7,964		7,610		354		—
Equity in profit (loss) of unconsolidated affiliated companies	34		34		—		—
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies	7,998		7,644		354		—
Less: Profit (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(3)		(4)		1		—
Profit 4	$            8,001		$                  7,648		$              353		$                 —

1	Elimination of Financial Products' revenues earned from ME&T.
2	Elimination of net expenses recorded between ME&T and Financial Products.
3	Elimination of discount recorded by ME&T on receivables sold to Financial Products and of interest earned between ME&T and Financial Products as well as dividends paid by Financial Products to ME&T.
4	Profit attributable to common shareholders.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Supplemental Data for Financial Position At September 30, 2025 (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
			Supplemental Consolidating Data
	Consolidated		Machinery, Energy & Transportation		Financial Products		Consolidating Adjustments
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$             7,538		$                 6,633		$               905		$                 —
Receivables – trade and other	10,146		3,531		542		6,073	1,2
Receivables – finance	10,315		—		16,665		(6,350)	2
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,861		2,659		440		(238)	3
Inventories	18,958		18,958		—		—
Total current assets	49,818		31,781		18,552		(515)
Property, plant and equipment – net	14,310		10,348		3,962		—
Long-term receivables – trade and other	1,618		1,712		166		(260)	1,2
Long-term receivables – finance	13,985		—		14,948		(963)	2
Noncurrent deferred and refundable income taxes	3,000		3,264		130		(394)	4
Intangible assets	281		281		—		—
Goodwill	5,329		5,329		—		—
Other assets	5,381		3,923		2,468		(1,010)	5
Total assets	$           93,722		$               56,638		$           40,226		$            (3,142)
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings	$             4,509		$                     —		$             4,509		$                 —
Accounts payable	8,729		8,636		391		(298)	6,7
Accrued expenses	5,187		4,558		629		—
Accrued wages, salaries and employee benefits	2,126		2,081		45		—
Customer advances	3,391		3,359		3		29	7
Dividends payable	—		—		—		—
Other current liabilities	2,760		2,209		806		(255)	4,5,8
Long-term debt due within one year	9,289		32		9,257		—
Total current liabilities	35,991		20,875		15,640		(524)
Long-term debt due after one year	27,736		10,899		18,067		(1,230)	7,9
Liability for postemployment benefits	3,664		3,663		1		—
Other liabilities	5,672		4,679		1,407		(414)	4,5
Total liabilities	73,063		40,116		35,115		(2,168)
Shareholders' equity
Common stock	6,223		6,223		905		(905)	10
Treasury stock	(48,302)		(48,302)		—		—
Profit employed in the business	64,460		59,365		5,085		10	10
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,723)		(768)		(955)		—
Noncontrolling interests	1		4		76		(79)	10
Total shareholders' equity	20,659		16,522		5,111		(974)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$           93,722		$               56,638		$           40,226		$            (3,142)

1	Elimination of receivables between ME&T and Financial Products.
2	Reclassification of ME&T's trade receivables purchased by Financial Products and Financial Products' wholesale inventory receivables.
3	Elimination of ME&T's insurance premiums that are prepaid to Financial Products.
4	Reclassification reflecting required netting of deferred tax assets/liabilities by taxing jurisdiction.
5	Elimination of other intercompany assets and liabilities between ME&T and Financial Products.
6	Elimination of payables between ME&T and Financial Products.
7	Reclassification of Financial Products' payables to customer advances.
8	Elimination of prepaid insurance in Financial Products' other liabilities.
9	Elimination of debt between ME&T and Financial Products.
10	Eliminations associated with ME&T's investments in Financial Products' subsidiaries.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Supplemental Data for Financial Position At December 31, 2024 (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
			Supplemental Consolidating Data
	Consolidated		Machinery, Energy & Transportation		Financial Products		Consolidating Adjustments
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$             6,889		$              6,165		$               724		$                   —
Receivables – trade and other	9,282		3,463		688		5,131	1,2
Receivables – finance	9,565		—		14,957		(5,392)	2
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,119		2,872		401		(154)	3
Inventories	16,827		16,827		—		—
Total current assets	45,682		29,327		16,770		(415)
Property, plant and equipment – net	13,361		9,531		3,830		—
Long-term receivables – trade and other	1,225		500		86		639	1,2
Long-term receivables – finance	13,242		—		14,048		(806)	2
Noncurrent deferred and refundable income taxes	3,312		3,594		118		(400)	4
Intangible assets	399		399		—		—
Goodwill	5,241		5,241		—		—
Other assets	5,302		4,050		2,277		(1,025)	5
Total assets	$           87,764		$             52,642		$           37,129		$             (2,007)
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings	$             4,393		$                   —		$            4,393		$                   —
Accounts payable	7,675		7,619		331		(275)	6,7
Accrued expenses	5,243		4,589		654		—
Accrued wages, salaries and employee benefits	2,391		2,335		56		—
Customer advances	2,322		2,305		3		14	7
Dividends payable	674		674		—		—
Other current liabilities	2,909		2,388		696		(175)	4,8
Long-term debt due within one year	6,665		46		6,619		—
Total current liabilities	32,272		19,956		12,752		(436)
Long-term debt due after one year	27,351		8,731		18,787		(167)	9
Liability for postemployment benefits	3,757		3,757		—		—
Other liabilities	4,890		3,977		1,344		(431)	4
Total liabilities	68,270		36,421		32,883		(1,034)
Shareholders' equity
Common stock	6,941		6,941		905		(905)	10
Treasury stock	(44,331)		(44,331)		—		—
Profit employed in the business	59,352		54,787		4,555		10	10
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(2,471)		(1,182)		(1,289)		—
Noncontrolling interests	3		6		75		(78)	10
Total shareholders' equity	19,494		16,221		4,246		(973)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$           87,764		$             52,642		$           37,129		$             (2,007)

1	Elimination of receivables between ME&T and Financial Products.
2	Reclassification of ME&T's trade receivables purchased by Financial Products and Financial Products' wholesale inventory receivables.
3	Elimination of ME&T's insurance premiums that are prepaid to Financial Products.
4	Reclassification reflecting required netting of deferred tax assets/liabilities by taxing jurisdiction.
5	Elimination of other intercompany assets and liabilities between ME&T and Financial Products.
6	Elimination of payables between ME&T and Financial Products.
7	Reclassification of Financial Products' payables to customer advances.
8	Elimination of prepaid insurance in Financial Products' other liabilities.
9	Elimination of debt between ME&T and Financial Products.
10	Eliminations associated with ME&T's investments in Financial Products' subsidiaries.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Supplemental Data for Cash Flow For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 (Unaudited) (Millions of dollars)
			Supplemental Consolidating Data
	Consolidated		Machinery, Energy & Transportation		Financial Products		Consolidating Adjustments
Cash flow from operating activities:
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies	$                      6,481		$                      5,950		$                         531		$                            —
Adjustments to reconcile profit to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,664		1,096		568		—
Provision (benefit) for deferred income taxes	300		308		(8)		—
Other	509		431		(412)		490	1
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures:
Receivables – trade and other	(788)		89		102		(979)	1,2
Inventories	(2,015)		(2,012)		—		(3)	1
Accounts payable	1,086		1,051		44		(9)	1
Accrued expenses	51		161		(110)		—
Accrued wages, salaries and employee benefits	(296)		(284)		(12)		—
Customer advances	1,649		1,649		—		—
Other assets – net	(138)		(219)		15		66	1
Other liabilities – net	(355)		(475)		176		(56)	1
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities	8,148		7,745		894		(491)
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures – excluding equipment leased to others	(1,923)		(1,920)		(33)		30	1
Expenditures for equipment leased to others	(1,021)		(24)		(1,004)		7	1
Proceeds from disposals of leased assets and property, plant and equipment	544		54		524		(34)	1
Additions to finance receivables	(10,964)		—		(12,668)		1,704	2
Collections of finance receivables	9,890		—		11,347		(1,457)	2
Net intercompany purchased receivables	—		—		(241)		241	2
Proceeds from sale of finance receivables	26		—		26		—
Additions to intercompany receivables (original maturities greater than three months)	—		(1,000)		—		1,000	3
Collections of intercompany receivables (original maturities greater than three months)	—		—		56		(56)	3
Investments and acquisitions (net of cash acquired)	(26)		(26)		—		—
Proceeds from sale of businesses and investments (net of cash sold)	12		12		—		—
Proceeds from maturities and sale of securities	1,945		1,259		686		—
Investments in securities	(1,291)		(510)		(781)		—
Other – net	(19)		43		(62)		—
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities	(2,827)		(2,112)		(2,150)		1,435
Cash flow from financing activities:
Dividends paid	(2,043)		(2,043)		—		—
Common stock issued, and other stock compensation transactions, net	(39)		(39)		—		—
Payments to purchase common stock	(4,850)		(4,850)		—		—
Excise tax paid on purchases of common stock	(73)		(73)		—		—
Proceeds from intercompany borrowings (original maturities greater than three months)	—		—		1,000		(1,000)	3
Payments on intercompany borrowings (original maturities greater than three months)	—		(56)		—		56	3
Proceeds from debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	8,454		1,976		6,478		—
Payments on debt (original maturities greater than three months)	(6,205)		(43)		(6,162)		—
Short-term borrowings – net (original maturities three months or less)	106		—		106		—
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	(4,650)		(5,128)		1,422		(944)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(23)		(39)		16		—
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	648		466		182		—
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	6,896		6,170		726		—
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$                      7,544		$                      6,636		$                         908		$                            —

1	Elimination of non-cash adjustments and changes in assets and liabilities related to consolidated reporting.
2	Reclassification of Financial Products' cash flow activity from investing to operating for receivables that arose from the sale of inventory.
3	Elimination of proceeds and payments to/from ME&T and Financial Products.

 

Caterpillar Inc. Supplemental Data for Cash Flow For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 (Unaudited)  (Millions of dollars)
			Supplemental Consolidating Data
	Consolidated		Machinery, Energy & Transportation		Financial Products		Consolidating Adjustments
Cash flow from operating activities:
Profit of consolidated and affiliated companies	$              7,998		$              7,644		$                354		$                  —
Adjustments to reconcile profit to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,598		1,010		588		—
Provision (benefit) for deferred income taxes	(329)		(277)		(52)		—
(Gain) loss on divestiture	164		(46)		210		—
Other	221		236		(447)		432	1
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures:
Receivables – trade and other	(30)		554		(17)		(567)	1,2
Inventories	(781)		(770)		—		(11)	1
Accounts payable	(96)		(79)		(40)		23	1
Accrued expenses	9		—		9		—
Accrued wages, salaries and employee benefits	(671)		(660)		(11)		—
Customer advances	476		475		1		—
Other assets – net	120		(226)		191		155	1
Other liabilities – net	(37)		(135)		232		(134)	1
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities	8,642		7,726		1,018		(102)
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures – excluding equipment leased to others	(1,285)		(1,264)		(25)		4	1
Expenditures for equipment leased to others	(893)		(20)		(889)		16	1
Proceeds from disposals of leased assets and property, plant and equipment	541		25		525		(9)	1
Additions to finance receivables	(11,457)		—		(12,271)		814	2
Collections of finance receivables	10,234		—		10,889		(655)	2
Net intercompany purchased receivables	—		—		68		(68)	2
Proceeds from sale of finance receivables	69		—		69		—
Net intercompany borrowings	—		—		15		(15)	3
Investments and acquisitions (net of cash acquired)	(32)		(32)		—		—
Proceeds from sale of businesses and investments (net of cash sold)	(67)		86		(153)		—
Proceeds from maturities and sale of securities	2,841		2,565		276		—
Investments in securities	(892)		(469)		(423)		—
Other – net	137		118		19		—
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities	(804)		1,009		(1,900)		87
Cash flow from financing activities:
Dividends paid	(1,966)		(1,966)		—		—
Common stock issued, including treasury shares reissued	15		15		—		—
Payments to purchase common stock	(7,057)		(7,057)		—		—
Net intercompany borrowings	—		(15)		—		15	3
Proceeds from debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	7,579		—		7,579		—
Payments on debt (original maturities greater than three months)	(6,862)		(1,021)		(5,841)		—
Short-term borrowings – net (original maturities three months or less)	(848)		—		(848)		—
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	(9,139)		(10,044)		890		15
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(39)		(37)		(2)		—
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(1,340)		(1,346)		6		—
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	6,985		6,111		874		—
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$              5,645		$              4,765		$                880		$                  —

1	Elimination of non-cash adjustments and changes in assets and liabilities related to consolidated reporting.
2	Reclassification of Financial Products' cash flow activity from investing to operating for receivables that arose from the sale of inventory.
3	Elimination of net proceeds and payments to/from ME&T and Financial Products.

 

View original content to download multimedia:https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/caterpillar-reports-third-quarter-2025-results-302598229.html

SOURCE Caterpillar Inc.

FAQ

What were Caterpillar (CAT) Q3 2025 sales and revenue figures announced Oct. 29, 2025?

Caterpillar reported Q3 2025 sales and revenues of $17.6 billion, a 10% increase versus Q3 2024.

How much did Caterpillar (CAT) earn per share in Q3 2025 and what was adjusted EPS?

Caterpillar reported profit per share $4.88 and adjusted profit per share $4.95 for Q3 2025.

What happened to Caterpillar's (CAT) operating margin in Q3 2025?

Operating margin declined to 17.3% in Q3 2025 (adjusted 17.5%), down roughly 220–250 basis points year-over-year.

How much cash did Caterpillar (CAT) generate and hold at the end of Q3 2025?

Enterprise operating cash flow was $3.7 billion in Q3 2025 and the company ended the quarter with $7.5 billion of enterprise cash.

How much did Caterpillar (CAT) return to shareholders in Q3 2025 and by what methods?

Caterpillar deployed $1.1 billion in Q3 2025: $0.7 billion for dividends and $0.4 billion for share repurchases.

What drove Caterpillar's (CAT) lower profitability in Q3 2025?

Management cited higher manufacturing costs (including tariffs), unfavorable price realization, and higher SG&A/R&D as primary headwinds.