Company Description
JD.com, Inc. (NASDAQ: JD) is described in its public disclosures as a supply chain-based technology and service provider. The company is also recognized as a major e-commerce and retail platform, with a strong focus on electronics and general merchandise categories. According to its own "About JD.com" statements in multiple press releases, JD.com has built retail and logistics infrastructure that aims to let consumers "buy whatever they want, whenever and wherever they want it."
JD.com’s business is built around a retail infrastructure and fulfillment network that supports its online direct sales, online marketplace and omnichannel retail activities. Polygon data notes that JD.com has developed a nationwide fulfillment infrastructure and last-mile delivery network staffed by its own employees, which underpins its e-commerce operations. The company also positions itself as a technology and service provider to other businesses by opening its technology and infrastructure to partners, brands and other sectors as part of a Retail as a Service offering.
Business model and operations
In its earnings releases, JD.com highlights JD Retail as a core business line. JD Retail generates net revenues from product sales and services and focuses on categories such as electronics, home appliances and general merchandise. Company commentary in quarterly results emphasizes JD Retail’s role in user growth, operating margin improvement and category expansion, including general merchandise and advertising services.
JD.com also discloses several other business areas that complement its core retail operations. These include JD Logistics, which operates integrated supply chain and logistics services and has developed a "Global Smart Supply Chain Network" with bonded, direct mail and overseas warehouses; JD Health, which is described as an online marketplace and platform for new and specialty medicine launches and broader healthcare products and services; and new businesses such as JD Food Delivery and 7Fresh Kitchen, which extend JD.com’s presence into on-demand retail and food delivery.
Technology and supply chain focus
Across its disclosures, JD.com consistently emphasizes its supply chain capabilities and technology. The company refers to its "cutting-edge retail infrastructure" and highlights investments in procurement, warehousing, delivery, customer service and payment processing as part of its fulfillment expenses. JD Logistics has developed intelligent warehousing systems such as the "Zhilang" system, which integrates handling robots, ladder-climbing robots, stereoscopic racks and automated storage and sorting workstations to increase storage density and improve in-warehouse operational efficiency.
JD.com states that it has opened its technology and infrastructure to partners and brands through Retail as a Service, aiming to help drive productivity and innovation across a range of industries. JD Health reports work on AI-enabled healthcare services, including AI-assisted medical consultation and AI nutritionist tools, while JD Logistics has launched international air cargo routes and overseas warehouses to support cross-border e-commerce and global logistics solutions.
International footprint and listings
JD.com’s securities trade on Nasdaq under the symbol JD and on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange under stock codes 9618 (HKD counter) and 89618 (RMB counter), as stated in multiple press releases and Form 6-K filings. The company reports operations and initiatives that extend beyond mainland China, including JD Logistics warehouses and logistics services in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Poland, South Korea, Vietnam and Saudi Arabia, as well as air cargo routes between Chinese cities and destinations including Bangkok and Singapore. JD Logistics has also launched a self-operated express delivery brand in Saudi Arabia and an operations center in Hong Kong.
JD.com has also engaged in international strategic investments. In 2025, the company announced a decision to make a voluntary public takeover offer for CECONOMY AG, the parent company of European consumer electronics retailers MediaMarkt and Saturn, through a wholly owned indirect subsidiary. JD.com and CECONOMY entered into an investment agreement and a strategic partnership framework aimed at supporting CECONOMY’s growth as a stand-alone omni-channel consumer electronics platform in Europe.
Key business segments highlighted in disclosures
- JD Retail: Focuses on online retail of electronics, home appliances and general merchandise. Company commentary notes initiatives such as JD Supermarket’s product and category strategies, the launch of the "JD FASHION" label for apparel and the rollout of JD MALL stores offering one-stop shopping for home appliances and home goods.
- JD Logistics: Provides warehousing, transportation, cross-border logistics and related services. Disclosures describe domestic integrated supply chain services and a growing network of overseas warehouses and international air cargo routes, as well as intelligent warehousing solutions like the Zhilang system.
- JD Health: Operates an online platform for pharmaceuticals, new and specialty medicine launches, healthcare products and online healthcare services. JD Health reports partnerships with pharmaceutical and medical device companies and work on AI-enabled healthcare service tools.
- New Businesses (including JD Food Delivery and 7Fresh Kitchen): JD.com has launched a food delivery business and related initiatives that are described as integrated into the broader JD ecosystem, with an emphasis on synergies in users, fulfillment and supply.
Corporate developments and capital management
JD.com uses SEC Form 6-K filings to furnish press releases on quarterly financial results, share repurchase activities and strategic transactions. The company adopted a share repurchase program of up to US$5.0 billion, effective through August 2027, and reports repurchases and cancellations of Class A ordinary shares and American depositary shares executed on Nasdaq and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.
In a December 2025 Form 6-K, JD.com reported the spin-off and separate listing of JINGDONG Industrials, Inc. on the Main Board of The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited. Another Form 6-K details the appointment of a new chief executive officer for JD Logistics, a consolidated subsidiary, illustrating how JD.com uses SEC filings to report significant changes in leadership and corporate structure.
Recognition and ecosystem
JD.com notes in its disclosures that it has been included in the Fortune Global 500 list for multiple consecutive years and that its ranking has risen over time. The company also refers to a broader "JD Ecosystem" that includes employees, part-time staff, interns and personnel of affiliates. JD.com highlights its spending on personnel and its role in job creation as part of its environment, social and governance (ESG) information.
FAQs about JD.com (JD) stock
- What does JD.com, Inc. do?
According to its public disclosures, JD.com is a supply chain-based technology and service provider with a major e-commerce and retail platform. It operates core businesses such as JD Retail, JD Logistics, JD Health and new initiatives including JD Food Delivery. - On which exchanges is JD.com listed?
JD.com states that its securities trade on Nasdaq under the symbol JD and on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange under stock codes 9618 (HKD counter) and 89618 (RMB counter). - How does JD.com describe its retail infrastructure?
In its "About JD.com" sections, the company describes its retail infrastructure as enabling consumers to buy whatever they want, whenever and wherever they want it, supported by fulfillment and logistics capabilities. - What is JD Retail?
JD Retail is the core retail segment highlighted in JD.com’s earnings releases. It reports net revenues from product and service sales and focuses on categories such as electronics, home appliances and general merchandise. - What is JD Logistics’ role in JD.com’s business?
JD Logistics is a consolidated subsidiary that provides integrated supply chain and logistics services. It operates domestic and overseas warehouses, international air cargo routes and intelligent warehousing systems, supporting both JD.com’s own retail operations and external customers. - What does JD Health focus on?
JD Health is described as an online marketplace and platform for new and specialty medicine launches, pharmaceuticals, healthcare products and online healthcare services. It also reports work on AI-enabled healthcare tools and partnerships with pharmaceutical and medical device companies. - What are JD.com’s "new businesses"?
In its 2025 quarterly results, JD.com refers to new businesses including JD Food Delivery and 7Fresh Kitchen. These initiatives extend JD.com’s presence into on-demand retail and food delivery and are described as integrated with the broader JD ecosystem. - How does JD.com use its technology and infrastructure beyond its own retail platform?
JD.com states that it has opened its technology and infrastructure to partners, brands and other sectors as part of its Retail as a Service offering, with the goal of helping drive productivity and innovation across different industries. - What international expansion activities has JD.com disclosed?
JD.com and JD Logistics report overseas warehouses in multiple countries, international air cargo routes connecting Chinese cities with destinations such as Bangkok and Singapore, a self-operated express delivery brand in Saudi Arabia and an operations center in Hong Kong. JD.com has also announced a voluntary public takeover offer and strategic investment partnership with CECONOMY AG in Europe. - Where can investors find JD.com’s official financial and regulatory information?
JD.com files an annual report on Form 20-F and current reports on Form 6-K with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. These filings include audited financial statements, quarterly results, information on share repurchase programs, spin-offs and other material events.