STOCK TITAN

Cboe Global Markets Extends S&P 500 Options Deal to 2051

Cboe estimates the revised 2027 royalty terms will have a de minimis impact on net revenue growth.

(High)

Sentiment and the balance of points

Rhea-AI Sentiment reads the wording of the document, how positive or negative its language is on a 1 to 5 scale. The balance of points shown with the takes weighs what the document actually discloses, so the two can disagree, for example when a trial that missed its main goal is described in upbeat language.

Form Type
8-K

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Cboe Global Markets, Inc. said its subsidiary Cboe Exchange, Inc. entered into a 25-year licensing extension with S&P Opco, LLC and affiliates, effective September 28, 2026, through December 31, 2051. Cboe will continue to have exclusive rights to offer trading in S&P 500 Index options. The agreement licenses use of the index and certain marks to create, issue, list, trade, clear and settle standardized options on Cboe’s U.S. markets and to market and promote them.

Updated royalty fees, calculated per contract, begin January 1, 2027; the 2026 royalty fee terms are unchanged. Cboe estimates the revised terms will have a de minimis impact on 2027 net revenue growth when considered against organic and ecosystem-driven volume growth, pricing optimization opportunities and continued business execution. SPX options had a record annual volume of 970.6 million contracts in 2025 and average daily volume of 3.9 million contracts, up 25% from the prior year and marking a fourth consecutive year of record trading activity. Cboe said it will provide more specific 2027 organic total net revenue guidance in February with fourth-quarter earnings.

1 point · 0 major

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0 major · 0 points

How the balance works

Positive

  • Moderate point25-year exclusive S&P 500 options license extends through 2051.

Negative

  • None.

Filing Explained

The agreement also extends reciprocal intellectual-property rights to derive, maintain, publish, calculate and disseminate specified volatility indices, buy-write indices and variance indicators, including for Cboe’s standardized options and other financial products.

Item 1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement Business
The company signed a significant contract such as a merger agreement, credit facility, or major partnership.
Item 7.01 Regulation FD Disclosure Disclosure
Material non-public information disclosed under Regulation Fair Disclosure, often investor presentations or guidance.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits Exhibits
Financial statements, pro forma financial information, or exhibit attachments filed with this report.
License extension 25 years Exclusive S&P 500 Index options licensing relationship
Agreement term ends December 31, 2051 Agreement effective September 28, 2026
Updated royalty fees begin January 1, 2027 Fees calculated on a per-contract basis
SPX options annual volume 970.6 million contracts Record volume in 2025
SPX options average daily volume 3.9 million contracts 2025
Average daily volume increase 25% 2025 compared with the prior year
per-contract basis financial
"updated license fees ... calculated on a per-contract basis"
cross-licenses technical
"certain cross-licenses and other rights"
Volatility Indices technical
"derive, maintain, publish, calculate and disseminate certain Volatility Indices"
Variance Indicators technical
"BuyWrite Indices and Variance Indicators set forth in Order 2"

FAQ

AI-generated questions and answers. How Rhea-AI works. Not financial advice.

How long is CBOE’s S&P 500 options license extended?

The agreement extends the exclusive S&P 500 Index options licensing relationship for 25 years, with the term running through December 31, 2051. Cboe Exchange, Inc., a subsidiary of Cboe Global Markets, Inc., entered into the agreement with S&P Opco, LLC and certain affiliates.

How will the CBOE-S&P agreement affect revenue in 2027?

Cboe estimates the updated 2027 royalty fee terms will have a de minimis impact on 2027 net revenue growth. The updated per-contract fees begin January 1, 2027; the 2026 royalty fee terms are unchanged.

What does CBOE’s S&P licensing agreement cover?

The agreement grants Cboe rights to use the S&P 500 index and specified marks to create, issue, list, trade, clear and settle standardized options on its U.S. markets and to market and promote them. It also provides cross-licenses for intellectual property used for specified Volatility Indices, BuyWrite Indices and Variance Indicators.

AI-generated analysis. How Rhea-AI works. Not financial advice.

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false 0001374310 0001374310 2026-09-28 2026-09-28 iso4217:USD xbrli:shares iso4217:USD xbrli:shares

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 8-K

 

CURRENT REPORT

 

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): September 28, 2026

 

Cboe Global Markets, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)

 

001-34774 20-5446972
(Commission File Number) (IRS Employer Identification No.)

 

433 West Van Buren Street

Chicago, Illinois 60607

(Address and Zip Code of Principal Executive Offices)

 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code (312) 786-5600

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class:   Trading
Symbol
  Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, par value of $0.01 per share   CBOE   CboeBZX

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

 

Emerging growth company ¨

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ¨

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item 1.01. ENTRY INTO A MATERIAL DEFINITIVE AGREEMENT.

 

On September 28, 2026 (the “Effective Date”), Cboe Exchange, Inc. (“Cboe”), a subsidiary of Cboe Global Markets, Inc. (the “Company”), entered into a Master License Agreement (the “MLA”) and a certain Order No. 1-1 (“Order 1”) and Order No. 2-1 entered into thereunder (“Order 2” and, together with the MLA and Order 1, the “Agreement”) with S&P Opco, LLC and certain of its affiliates (collectively, “S&P”), pursuant to which the parties have agreed to extend, supersede, continue, expand and replace certain rights, licenses and obligations of each party presently provided for pursuant to the Restated License Agreement, dated November 1, 1994, between Cboe and S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC (as amended). The Agreement shall be effective from the Effective Date until December 31, 2051.

 

In consideration for certain updated license fees (which shall take effect from January 1, 2027) to be calculated on a per-contract basis, the Agreement provides for the extension of the grant of (a) certain rights and licenses from S&P to Cboe and its affiliates to exclusively use the S&P 500 index and certain S&P marks set forth in Order 1 to (i) create, issue, list, trade, clear and settle standardized option contracts on Cboe’s markets in the United States and (ii) market and promote such standardized option contracts, and (b) certain cross-licenses and other rights from each party to the other party in and to certain intellectual property to derive, maintain, publish, calculate and disseminate certain Volatility Indices, BuyWrite Indices and Variance Indicators set forth in Order 2, including, in the case of Cboe, in connection with the creation, issuing, listing, trading, clearing and settling of standardized option contracts and other financial products.

 

The foregoing description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the MLA, Order 1 and Order 2, which are filed with this Current Report on Form 8-K as Exhibits 10.1, 10.2 and 10.3, respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 7.01. REGULATION FD DISCLOSURE.

 

On September 29, 2026, the Company and S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC issued a joint press release, and the Company individually issued a press release, in connection with the entry into of the Agreement described in Item 1.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K. Copies of the press releases are attached as Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

The information contained in this Item 7.01, including Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2, shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, and are not incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

 

 

 

Item 9.01. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS.

 

(d) Exhibits.

 

Exhibit    
Number   Description
10.1 +*   Master License Agreement, dated as of September 28, 2026, by and between Cboe Exchange, Inc. and S&P Opco, LLC (and, solely for purposes of Section 13.4 thereof, S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC and DJI Opco, LLC)
     
10.2 +*   Order No. 1-1 to the Master License Agreement, dated as of September 28, 2026, by and between Cboe Exchange, Inc. and S&P Opco, LLC
     
10.3 +   Order No. 2-1 to the Master License Agreement, dated as of September 28, 2026, by and between Cboe Exchange, Inc. and S&P Opco, LLC
     
99.1   Press Release issued by Cboe Global Markets, Inc. on September 29, 2026
     
99.2   Press Release issued by Cboe Global Markets, Inc. and S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC on September 29, 2026
     
104   Cover Page Interactive Data File (the cover page XBRL tags are embedded in the Inline XBRL document)

 

+ Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K because they both (i) are not material and (ii) contain the type of information that the Company customarily and actually treats as private or confidential. Such omitted information is indicated by brackets with three asterisks “[***]” in this exhibit.

 

* Certain personally identifiable information has been omitted from this exhibit pursuant to Item 601(a)(6) of Regulation S-K. Such omitted information is indicated by brackets with one asterisk “[*]” in this exhibit.

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

CBOE GLOBAL MARKETS, INC.   
   
By: /s/ Jill M. Griebenow  
  Jill M. Griebenow  
  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer  

 

Dated: September 29, 2026

 

 

 

Exhibit 99.1

 

 

MEDIA RELEASE

 

Cboe Provides Additional Details Relating to Anticipated Financial Impacts of S&P DJI Licensing Agreement Extension

 

CHICAGO – September 29, 2026 – Cboe Global Markets, Inc. (Cboe: CBOE), a leading global markets operator and pioneer in equity and index derivatives, announced earlier today it has signed a 25-year extension of its exclusive licensing agreement with S&P Dow Jones Indices (“S&P DJI”), continuing their longstanding collaboration through 2051. See the press release here.

 

In connection with this announcement, Cboe is providing additional details regarding the anticipated financial impacts of the agreement.

 

Under the extended agreement, there will be no impact on the 2026 royalty fee terms; the updated royalty fee terms will begin in 2027. Cboe estimates the 2027 royalty fee terms will have a de minimis impact on Cboe's 2027 net revenue growth when considered against organic and ecosystem-driven volume growth, pricing optimization opportunities, and continued business execution. Cboe believes the extended contract, as structured, positions Cboe for growth, with future royalty fee adjustments smaller than the 2027 reset. Cboe will provide more specific 2027 organic total net revenue guidance in February with its fourth quarter earnings.

 

Additional information will be reported in a current report on Form 8-K filing with the SEC and posted on Cboe’s IR website at https://ir.cboe.com.

 

***

 

About Cboe Global Markets

 

Cboe Global Markets (Cboe: CBOE) is a leading global markets operator with a long history of innovation in equity and index derivatives. Since launching the world’s first listed options exchange in 1973, Cboe has pioneered landmark products, including the introduction of S&P 500® index options and the creation of the VIX® Index, the world's leading gauge of market volatility, reshaping how investors manage risk and access opportunity. Today, Cboe operates derivatives, equities, and FX markets, providing trading, clearing, and investment solutions for customers worldwide. To learn more, visit www.cboe.com.

 

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Cboe Media Contacts    Cboe Analyst Contact 
     
Angela Tu
+1-646-856-8734
atu@cboe.com 
Tim Cave
+44 (0) 7593-506-719
tcave@cboe.com 
  Kenneth Hill, CFA
+1-312-786-7559
khill@cboe.com 

 

CBOE-C
CBOE-OE

 

Cboe®, Cboe Global Markets®, and VIX ® are registered trademarks or service marks of Cboe Exchange, Inc and S&P 500® is a registered trademark of Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC. All other trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners.

 

Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Information

 

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as "may," "might," "should," "expect," "plan," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential" or "continue," and the negative of these terms and other comparable terminology. All statements that reflect our expectations, assumptions or projections about the future other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance based on our growth strategies and anticipated trends in our business. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

 

We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible to predict all risks and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

 

Some factors that could cause actual results to differ include: the loss of our right to exclusively list and trade certain index options and futures products; economic, political and market conditions; compliance with legal and regulatory obligations; price and new products and services competition and consolidation in our industry; decreases in trading or clearing volumes, market data fees or a shift in the mix of products traded on our exchanges; legislative or regulatory changes or changes in tax regimes; our ability to protect our systems and communication networks from security vulnerabilities and breaches; our ability to attract and retain skilled management and other personnel; increasing competition by foreign and domestic entities; our business and operational dependence on and exposure to risk from third parties; factors that impact the quality and integrity of our and other applicable indices; our ability to manage our global operations, growth, and strategic acquisitions, wind downs, divestitures, or alliances effectively; increases in the cost of the products and services we use; our ability to operate our business without violating the intellectual property rights of others and the costs associated with protecting our intellectual property rights; our ability to minimize the risks, including our credit, liquidity, market, investment, counterparty, and default risks, associated with operating our clearinghouses; our ability to accommodate trading and clearing volume and transaction traffic, including significant increases, without failure or degradation of performance of our systems; misconduct by those who use our markets or our products or for whom we clear transactions; challenges to our use of open source software code; our ability to meet our compliance obligations, including managing our business interests and our regulatory responsibilities; the loss of key customers or a significant reduction in trading or clearing volumes by key customers; damage to our reputation; the ability of our compliance and risk management methods to effectively monitor and manage our risks; restrictions imposed by our debt obligations and our ability to make payments on or refinance our debt obligations; our ability to maintain an investment grade credit rating; impairment of our goodwill, long-lived assets, investments or intangible assets; the accuracy of our estimates and expectations; and litigation risks and other liabilities. More detailed information about factors that may affect our actual results to differ may be found in our filings with the SEC, including in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 and other filings made from time to time with the SEC.

 

We do not undertake, and we expressly disclaim, any duty to update any forward-looking statement whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof.

 

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Exhibit 99.2

 

 

MEDIA RELEASE

 

Cboe and S&P Dow Jones Indices Sign 25-Year Extension of Exclusive Licensing Agreement, Through 2051

 

Agreement extends Cboe's exclusive licensing rights for S&P 500 Index options through 2051 and creates new opportunities for innovation across next-generation markets and technologies

 

CHICAGO and NEW YORK – September 29, 2026 – Cboe Global Markets, Inc. (Cboe: CBOE), a leading global markets operator and pioneer in equity and index derivatives, and S&P Dow Jones Indices (“S&P DJI”), the world’s leading index provider, today announced a 25-year extension of their exclusive licensing agreement that will continue their longstanding collaboration through 2051.

 

Under the extended agreement, Cboe will continue to have the exclusive rights to offer trading in its flagship S&P 500® Index (SPX) options. Cboe and S&P DJI may also collaborate to pursue innovation beyond traditional index derivatives, including new products like tokenized options contracts.

 

The agreement builds on more than 40 years of collaboration between Cboe and S&P DJI that began in 1983 with the launch of SPX options – a breakthrough innovation that has since become the global standard for how investors worldwide gain and manage U.S. equity market exposure.

 


"Cboe and S&P DJI have created one of the industry's great success stories. By combining S&P DJI’s index expertise with Cboe's unmatched ability to build and operate highly liquid derivatives markets, we have built one of the world’s most liquid products and a relationship that has delivered lasting value across the global financial marketplace,” said Craig Donohue, Chief Executive Officer of Cboe Global Markets. “This extension allows us to further grow our SPX and VIX franchises, while providing the certainty and continuity that our customers have come to expect in these products. It also gives us significant runway to pursue the next frontier of innovation and stay ahead of evolving investor needs and emerging technologies. The opportunities ahead are as compelling as those that first brought our organizations together 43 years ago, and we look forward to what we can achieve together in the decades ahead.”

 


"The S&P 500 is the definitive barometer of U.S. equity market performance and the most widely tracked index in the world," said Catherine Clay, Chief Executive Officer of S&P DJI. "Investor demand for exposure to U.S. equities continues to accelerate, and we see a future where every investor, everywhere, can access this benchmark in the format that best suits their needs. Cboe brings deep expertise in developing, listing, and operating liquid derivatives markets that complements our index expertise, and this agreement allows us to keep innovating for the next generation of investors."

 

SPX options are one of the world’s most liquid and actively traded index options. Reflecting growing global demand for exposure to U.S. equity markets, SPX options set a record annual volume of 970.6 million contracts in 2025, with average daily volume of 3.9 million contracts – a 25% increase over the prior year and the 4th consecutive year of record trading activity.

 

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In recent years, Cboe has continued to grow the SPX options suite, alongside its closely connected VIX options and futures franchise, through new products, structures and expirations, expanding the range of tools available and access for retail and institutional investors globally.

 

***

 

About Cboe Global Markets

 

Cboe Global Markets (Cboe: CBOE) is a leading global markets operator with a long history of innovation in equity and index derivatives. Since launching the world’s first listed options exchange in 1973, Cboe has pioneered landmark products, including the introduction of S&P 500® index options and the creation of the VIX® Index, the world's leading gauge of market volatility, reshaping how investors manage risk and access opportunity. Today, Cboe operates derivatives, equities, and FX markets, providing trading, clearing, and investment solutions for customers worldwide. To learn more, visit www.cboe.com.

 

About S&P Dow Jones Indices

 

S&P Dow Jones Indices is the largest global resource for essential index-based concepts, data and research, and home to iconic financial market indicators, such as the S&P 500® and the Dow Jones Industrial Average®. More assets are invested in products based on our indices than products based on indices from any other provider in the world. Since Charles Dow invented the first index in 1884, S&P DJI has been innovating and developing indices across the spectrum of asset classes helping to define the way investors measure and trade the markets. S&P Dow Jones Indices is a division of S&P Global (NYSE: SPGI), which provides essential intelligence for individuals, companies, and governments to make decisions with confidence. For more information, visit: www.spglobal.com/spdji.

 

Cboe Media Contact S&P DJI Media Contact
Angela Tu Silke McGuinness
atu@cboe.com silke.mcguinness@spglobal.com
+1 (917) 985-1496 +1 (415) 205-8414
   
Cboe Analyst Contact S&P Global Investor Contact
Kenneth Hill Mark Grant
khill@cboe.com mark.grant@spglobal.com
+1 (312) 786-7559 +1 (347) 640-1521

 

CBOE-C
CBOE-OE

 

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Cboe®, Cboe Global Markets®, and VIX ® are registered trademarks or service marks of Cboe Exchange, Inc The S&P 500 Index is proprietary to S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC or its affiliates. S&P®, S&P 500®, The 500®, 500™, US 500™ and SPX® are trademarks of Standard & Poor's Financial Services, LLC or its affiliates; Dow Jones®, is a trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC; all of which have been licensed for use by Cboe Exchange, Inc. Cboe Exchange's options on the S&P 500 Index are not sponsored, issued or endorsed by S&P Dow Jones Indices and S&P Dow Jones Indices does not have any liability with respect thereto. All other trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners.

 

Any products that have the S&P Index or Indexes as their underlying interest are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Standard & Poor's or Cboe and neither Standard & Poor's nor Cboe make any representations or recommendations concerning the advisability of investing in products that have S&P indexes as their underlying interests. All other trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners.

 

Cboe Global Markets, Inc. and its affiliates do not recommend or make any representation as to possible benefits from any securities, futures or investments, or third-party products or services. Cboe Global Markets, Inc. is not affiliated with S&P. Investors should undertake their own due diligence regarding their securities, futures, and investment practices. This press release speaks only as of this date. Cboe Global Markets, Inc. disclaims any duty to update the information herein.

 

Nothing in this announcement should be considered a solicitation to buy or an offer to sell any securities or futures in any jurisdiction where the offer or solicitation would be unlawful under the laws of such jurisdiction. Nothing contained in this communication constitutes tax, legal or investment advice. Investors must consult their tax adviser or legal counsel for advice and information concerning their particular situation.

 

Cboe Global Markets, Inc. and its affiliates make no warranty, expressed or implied, including, without limitation, any warranties as of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, accuracy, completeness or timeliness, the results to be obtained by recipients of the products and services described herein, or as to the ability of the indices referenced in this press release to track the performance of their respective securities, generally, or the performance of the indices referenced in this press release or any subset of their respective securities, and shall not in any way be liable for any inaccuracies or errors. Cboe Global Markets, Inc. and its affiliates have not calculated, composed or determined the constituents or weightings of the securities that comprise the third-party indices referenced in this press release and shall not in any way be liable for any inaccuracies or errors in any of the indices referenced in this press release.

 

There are important risks associated with transacting in any of the Cboe products discussed here. Before engaging in any transactions in those products, it is important for market participants to carefully review the disclosures and disclaimers contained at: https://www.cboe.com/us_disclaimers/. Options involve risk and are not suitable for all market participants. Prior to buying or selling an option, a person should review the Characteristics and Risks of Standardized Options (ODD), which is required to be provided to all such persons. Copies of the ODD are available from your broker or from The Options Clearing Corporation, 125 S. Franklin Street, Suite 1200, Chicago, IL 60606.

 

Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Information

 

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. You can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as "may," "might," "should," "expect," "plan," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential" or "continue," and the negative of these terms and other comparable terminology. All statements that reflect our expectations, assumptions or projections about the future other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance based on our growth strategies and anticipated trends in our business. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

 

We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible to predict all risks and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

 

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Some factors that could cause actual results to differ include: the loss of our right to exclusively list and trade certain index options and futures products; economic, political and market conditions; compliance with legal and regulatory obligations; price and new products and services competition and consolidation in our industry; decreases in trading or clearing volumes, market data fees or a shift in the mix of products traded on our exchanges; legislative or regulatory changes or changes in tax regimes; our ability to protect our systems and communication networks from security vulnerabilities and breaches; our ability to attract and retain skilled management and other personnel; increasing competition by foreign and domestic entities; our business and operational dependence on and exposure to risk from third parties; factors that impact the quality and integrity of our and other applicable indices; our ability to manage our global operations, growth, and strategic acquisitions, wind downs, divestitures, or alliances effectively; increases in the cost of the products and services we use; our ability to operate our business without violating the intellectual property rights of others and the costs associated with protecting our intellectual property rights; our ability to minimize the risks, including our credit, liquidity, market, investment, counterparty, and default risks, associated with operating our clearinghouses; our ability to accommodate trading and clearing volume and transaction traffic, including significant increases, without failure or degradation of performance of our systems; misconduct by those who use our markets or our products or for whom we clear transactions; challenges to our use of open source software code; our ability to meet our compliance obligations, including managing our business interests and our regulatory responsibilities; the loss of key customers or a significant reduction in trading or clearing volumes by key customers; damage to our reputation; the ability of our compliance and risk management methods to effectively monitor and manage our risks; restrictions imposed by our debt obligations and our ability to make payments on or refinance our debt obligations; our ability to maintain an investment grade credit rating; impairment of our goodwill, long-lived assets, investments or intangible assets; the accuracy of our estimates and expectations; and litigation risks and other liabilities. More detailed information about factors that may affect our actual results to differ may be found in our filings with the SEC, including in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 and other filings made from time to time with the SEC.

 

We do not undertake, and we expressly disclaim, any duty to update any forward-looking statement whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof.

 

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