[10-Q] FLAGSTAR FINANCIAL, INC. Quarterly Earnings Report
Filing Impact
Filing Sentiment
Form Type
10-Q
Rhea-AI Filing Summary
Flagstar Bank (FLG)$36 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2025, improving from a $70 million loss in the prior quarter. Loss attributable to common stockholders was $45 million, or $0.11 per diluted share. For the first nine months of 2025, net loss was $206 million versus $930 million a year earlier; loss to common stockholders was $231 million, or $0.56 per diluted share, compared with $957 million and $3.16 per share in 2024.
At September 30, 2025, Flagstar reported $91.7 billion in assets, $63.2 billion in loans, $69.2 billion in deposits, and total stockholders’ equity of $8.1 billion. The company became the successor reporting entity on October 17, 2025 following an internal reorganization that merged Flagstar Financial, Inc. into Flagstar Bank, N.A., with capital stock and warrants converting into substantially equivalent Bank securities. Common shares outstanding were 415,755,877 as of October 31, 2025.
Positive
- None.
Negative
- None.
Insights
Losses narrow; balance sheet scale maintained; corporate reorg completed.
Flagstar posted a quarterly net loss of
Balance sheet metrics show scale: assets
The improvement in losses is notable, but sustained profitability depends on future net interest income and credit costs. Subsequent disclosures may detail progress on funding mix, credit quality, and operating efficiency.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended | |||||
OR
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
Commission file number: 001-31565
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||||||||
| | ||||||||||||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | |||||||||||||
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (516 ) 683-4100
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| ☒ | Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Smaller Reporting Company | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-Accelerated Filer | ☐ | Emerging growth company | |||||||||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of October 31, 2025 was 415,755,877 shares.
FLAGSTAR BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
FORM 10-Q
PART I. – FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 7 | ||||||
| Item 1. | Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | |||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition (unaudited) | 30 | |||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income (unaudited) | 31 | |||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive (Loss) Income (unaudited) | 32 | |||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited) | 33 | |||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) | 35 | |||||||
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | ||||||||
Note 1 - Organization and Basis of Presentation | 36 | |||||||
Note 2 - Earnings Per Common Share | 37 | |||||||
Note 3 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | 38 | |||||||
Note 4 - Investment Securities | 40 | |||||||
Note 5 - Loans and Leases | 43 | |||||||
Note 6 - Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Leases | 51 | |||||||
Note 7 - Leases, Premises and Equipment | 53 | |||||||
Note 8 - Variable Interest Entities | 54 | |||||||
Note 9 - Borrowed Funds | 54 | |||||||
Note 10 - Pension Benefits | 57 | |||||||
Note 11 - Federal, State, and Local Taxes | 57 | |||||||
Note 12 - Stock-Based Compensation | 58 | |||||||
Note 13 - Derivative and Hedging Activities | 59 | |||||||
Note 14 - Intangible Assets | 61 | |||||||
Note 15 - Fair Value Measures | 61 | |||||||
Note 16 - Mezzanine and Stockholders' Equity | 67 | |||||||
Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies | 68 | |||||||
Note 18 - Segment Reporting | 69 | |||||||
| Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 70 | ||||||
| Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 70 | ||||||
PART II. – OTHER INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 73 | ||||||
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 75 | ||||||
| Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 75 | ||||||
| Item 3. | Defaults upon Senior Securities | 76 | ||||||
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 76 | ||||||
| Item 5. | Other Information | 76 | ||||||
| Item 6. | Exhibits | 76 | ||||||
SIGNATURES | 79 | |||||||
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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
The following list of abbreviations and acronyms are provided as a tool for the reader and may be used throughout this Report, including the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes:
| Term | Definition | Term | Definition | |||||||||||||||||
| ACL | Allowance for Credit Losses | Freddie Mac | Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation | |||||||||||||||||
| ADC | Acquisition, development, and construction loan | GAAP | U.S. generally accepted accounting principles | |||||||||||||||||
| ALCO | Asset and Liability Management Committee | GNMA | Government National Mortgage Association | |||||||||||||||||
| AOCL | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | GSE | Government-sponsored enterprises | |||||||||||||||||
| BOLI | Bank-owned life insurance | HELOC | Home Equity Line of Credit | |||||||||||||||||
| C&I | Commercial and industrial loan | HELOAN | Home Equity Loan | |||||||||||||||||
| CDs | Certificates of deposit | HQLAs | High-Quality Liquid Assets | |||||||||||||||||
CFP | Contingency Funding Plan | LGG | Loans with government guarantees | |||||||||||||||||
| CMOs | Collateralized mortgage obligations | MBS | Mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||
| CRE | Commercial real estate | MSR | Mortgage servicing rights | |||||||||||||||||
| DFA | Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act | NII | Net Interest Income | |||||||||||||||||
| DSCR | Debt service coverage ratio | NIM | Net interest margin | |||||||||||||||||
| EPS | Earnings per common share | NVCE | Non‑Voting Common Equivalent | |||||||||||||||||
EVE | Economic value of equity | NYSE | New York Stock Exchange | |||||||||||||||||
EWI | Early Warning Indicators | OCC | Office of the Comptroller of the Currency | |||||||||||||||||
| Fannie Mae | Federal National Mortgage Association | OREO | Other real estate owned | |||||||||||||||||
| FDIC | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | PSUs | Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units | |||||||||||||||||
| FHA | Federal Housing Administration | RSUs | Restricted Stock Units | |||||||||||||||||
| FHLB | Federal Home Loan Bank | SEC | U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission | |||||||||||||||||
| FOMC | Federal Open Market Committee | SOFR | Secured Overnight Financing Rate | |||||||||||||||||
FRB-NY | Federal Reserve Bank of New York | |||||||||||||||||||
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Effective October 17, 2025, Flagstar Bank, National Association (the “Bank”) became the successor reporting company to Flagstar Financial, Inc. pursuant to an internal corporate reorganization to eliminate the Bank’s holding company structure (the “Reorganization”). Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “Flagstar,” "the Company," “the Bank,” “we,” “us,” and “our” used for periods prior to October 17, 2025 refer to Flagstar Financial, Inc., which was the parent holding company and the registrant prior to the Reorganization, and, for periods after the Reorganization, to Flagstar Bank, National Association, in each case including its consolidated subsidiaries.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING LANGUAGE
This report, like many written and oral communications presented by Flagstar and our authorized officers, may contain certain forward-looking statements regarding our prospective performance and strategies within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and are including this statement for purposes of said safe harbor provisions.
Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies, and expectations of Flagstar, are generally identified by use of the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “strive,” “try,” or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” or similar expressions. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, and expectations as reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that they will be achieved or realized.
Our ability to predict results or the actual effects of our plans and strategies is inherently uncertain. Accordingly, actual results, performance, or achievements could differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this report.
There are a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause actual conditions, events, or results to differ significantly from those described in our forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to:
•general economic conditions, including higher inflation and its impacts, either nationally or in some or all of the areas in which we and our customers conduct our respective businesses;
•conditions in the securities markets and real estate markets or the banking industry;
•changes in real estate values, which could impact the quality of the assets securing the loans in our portfolio;
•changes in interest rates, which may affect our net income, prepayment penalty income, and other future cash flows, or the market value of our assets, including our investment securities;
•changes in the quality or composition of our loan or securities portfolios;
•changes in our capital management policies, including those regarding business combinations, dividends, and share repurchases, among others;
•heightened regulatory focus on commercial real estate and on CRE loans concentrations;
•changes in competitive pressures among financial institutions or from non-financial institutions;
•changes in deposit flows and wholesale borrowing facilities;
•our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity and funding to fulfill cash obligations and commitments when they become due in the short-term and long-term;
•changes in the demand for deposit, loan, and investment products and other financial services in the markets we serve;
•our timely development of new lines of business and competitive products or services in a changing environment, and the acceptance of such products or services by our customers;
•our ability to obtain timely stockholder and regulatory approvals of any capital raise transactions, corporate restructurings or other significant transactions we may propose;
•certain matters relating to our recently completed holding company reorganization transaction, including the anticipated benefits thereof, including, without limitation, on our future financial and operating results; our ability to achieve anticipated benefits from the consolidation; and legislative, regulatory and economic developments that may diminish or eliminate the anticipated benefits of the consolidation;
•our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel we may acquire into our operations, and our ability to realize related synergies and cost savings within expected time frames, including those related to our acquisition of Flagstar Bancorp, Inc. ("Flagstar Bancorp") and the purchase and assumption of certain assets and liabilities of Signature Bridge Bank, N.A. ("Signature");
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•potential exposure to unknown or contingent liabilities of companies we have acquired, may acquire, or target for acquisition, including our acquisition of Flagstar Bancorp and the purchase and assumption of certain assets and liabilities of Signature;
•the ability to invest effectively in new information technology systems and platforms;
•the heightened regulatory standards with respect to governance and risk management to which we are subject as a national bank with assets of $50 billion or more, and the expenses we will continue to incur to develop and maintain policies, programs and systems that comply with these heightened standards;
•changes in future ACL requirements under relevant accounting and regulatory requirements;
•the ability to pay future dividends, including as a result of the failure to receive any required regulatory approval to pay a dividend, or for any other reasons;
•recent turnover in our Board of Directors and our executive management team;
•the ability to hire and retain key personnel and qualified members of our Board of Directors;
•the ability to execute on our strategic plan, including the sufficiency of our internal resources, procedures and systems;
•the ability to achieve our strategic financial and other strategic goals;
•the ability to attract new customers and retain existing ones in the manner anticipated;
•changes in our customer base or in the financial or operating performances of our customers’ businesses;
•the potential for deposit attrition, including for reasons related to the departure of private banking teams whose responsibilities include the acquisition and retention of customer deposits;
•any interruption in customer service due to circumstances beyond our control;
•our ability to successfully remediate our previously disclosed material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting;
•the outcome of pending or threatened litigation, or of investigations or any other matters before regulatory agencies, whether currently existing or commencing in the future, including with respect to any litigation, investigation or other regulatory actions related to (i) the business practices of acquired companies, including our acquisition of Flagstar Bancorp and subsequent purchase and assumption of certain assets and liabilities of Signature, (ii) the capital raise transaction we completed in March of 2024, (iii) the previously disclosed material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting, (iv) past cyber security breaches, and (v) recent events and circumstances involving Flagstar, including our full year 2023 earnings announcement, disclosures regarding credit losses, provisioning and goodwill impairment, and negative news and expectations about the prospects of Flagstar (and associated stock price volatility and changes);
•environmental conditions that exist or may exist on properties owned by, leased by, or mortgaged to Flagstar;
•potential for deferred tax asset valuation allowance relating to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code arising from aggregation risk of new shareholder share issuances and warrant exercises related to our March 2024 $1.05 billion capital raise, the Flagstar Bancorp acquisition and additional potential market transactions not in Flagstar’s control;
•cybersecurity incidents, including any interruption or breach of security resulting in failures or disruptions in customer account management, general ledger, deposit, loan, or other systems managed either by us or third parties;
•operational issues stemming from, and/or capital spending necessitated by, the potential need to adapt to industry changes in information technology systems, on which we are highly dependent;
•the ability to keep pace with, and implement on a timely basis, technological changes;
•changes in legislation, regulation, policies, guidance, or administrative practices, whether by judicial, governmental, or legislative action, and other changes pertaining to banking, securities, taxation, rent regulation and housing (the New York Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019), financial accounting and reporting, environmental protection, insurance, and the ability to comply with such changes in a timely manner;
•changes in the monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;
•the outcome of federal, state and local elections and the resulting economic and other impact on the areas in which we conduct business
•changes in accounting principles, policies, practices, and guidelines;
•changes in regulatory expectations relating to predictive models we use in connection with stress testing and other forecasting or in the assumptions on which such modeling and forecasting are predicated;
•changes to federal, state, and local income tax laws;
•changes in our credit ratings, or in our ability to access the capital markets;
•increases in our FDIC insurance premium or future assessments;
•the impacts of tariffs, sanctions and other trade policies of the United States and its global trading counterparts;
•the impact of changing political conditions or federal government shutdowns;
•the potential impact to Flagstar from climate change, including higher regulatory compliance, increased expenses, operational changes, and reputational risks;
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•the effects of geopolitical instability and unforeseen or catastrophic events including natural disasters, war, conflicts, terrorist activities, civil unrest, pandemics, epidemics, and other health emergencies, and the potential impact, directly or indirectly, on our business;
•other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, technological, and geopolitical factors affecting our operations, pricing, and services;
•completing the diversification of Flagstar’s loan portfolio may be more difficult, costly or time consuming than expected;
•the ability to achieve anticipated expense reductions and enhanced efficiencies with respect to our previously announced strategic workforce reduction;
•the ability to successfully integrate branches and operations and to implement appropriate internal controls and regulatory functions relating to such activities;
•the ability to limit the outflow of deposits, and to successfully retain and manage any loans;
•the ability to attract new deposits, and to generate new interest-earning assets, in geographic areas that have not been previously served;
•our ability to effectively manage liquidity, including our success in deploying any liquidity arising from a transaction into assets bearing sufficiently high yields without incurring unacceptable credit or interest rate risk or to utilize available collateral to obtain funding;
•the ability to obtain cost savings and control incremental non-interest expense;
•the ability to retain and attract appropriate personnel;
•the ability to generate acceptable levels of NII and non-interest income, including fee income, from acquired operations;
•the diversion of management’s attention from existing operations;
•the ability to address an increase in working capital requirements; and
•limitations on the ability to successfully reposition our post-merger balance sheet when deemed appropriate.
In addition, the timing and occurrence or non-occurrence of events may be subject to circumstances beyond our control.
See Part 1, Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 for a further discussion of important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements.
Readers should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect our expectations only as of the date of this report. We do not assume any obligation to revise or update these forward-looking statements except as may be required by law.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
| ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | ||||
GENERAL
Background
Prior to the completion of the Reorganization (as defined below) on October 17, 2025, Flagstar Financial, Inc. was the parent company (on a standalone basis, the "Parent Company") of Flagstar Bank, N.A., one of the largest regional banks in the country. We are headquartered in Hicksville, New York. At September 30, 2025, we had $91.7 billion of assets, $63.2 billion of loans, $69.2 billion of deposits, and total stockholders’ equity of $8.1 billion.
We operate approximately 340 locations across nine states, with strong footholds in the greater New York/New Jersey metropolitan region and in the upper Midwest, along with a significant presence in fast-growing markets in Florida and the West Coast.
We operate in a single reportable segment and have identified one reporting unit which is the same as our operating segment. We continue to assess our reportable segments and reporting units, which may result in a change to either or both in future reporting periods. Please refer to Note 18 - Segment Reporting.
Overview
As part of our commitment to delivering long-term shareholder value and sustained value creation, we are executing a strategic transformation plan designed to evolve into a fully diversified bank with a strong balance sheet, a robust capital position and consistent earnings power.
Our plan is guided by six strategic pillars: driving transformation and financial resilience, growing our core operations, executing a disciplined commercial banking and lending strategy, enhancing operational efficiency, developing talent and leadership and aligning regulatory and risk management.
To support these pillars, we have established strategic priorities focused on transforming Flagstar into a top-tier relationship-driven regional bank, creating a customer-centric culture that prioritizes valuable relationships, and building an effective risk management mindset that supports safe and sound operations.
Since initiating this plan in 2024, we have made measurable progress, including key leadership additions, reduction of non-core assets, and improved funding mix. We believe that successful execution of this plan will enhance our financial resilience, drive sustainable earnings and position us to deliver greater long-term value to shareholders.
Completion of Internal Corporate Reorganization
Effective October 17, 2025, the Bank became the successor reporting company to Flagstar Financial, Inc. pursuant to an internal corporate reorganization to eliminate the Bank’s holding company structure (the “Reorganization”). In connection with the completion of the transaction, Flagstar Financial, Inc. was merged with and into the Bank (the “Merger”), with the Bank continuing as the surviving entity.
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At the effective time of the Merger, the outstanding shares of Flagstar Financial, Inc.’s common stock and Series A preferred stock were cancelled and automatically converted into an equivalent number of shares of the Bank’s common stock and Series A preferred stock. Flagstar Financial’s Series B and Series D preferred stock were also converted into common stock of the Bank, except that such conversion was instead into non-voting equity securities that are substantially identical to the Series B and Series D preferred stock to the extent that ownership of the additional common stock would otherwise be prohibited by law or require approval by a government entity. As a result, subject to the foregoing limitations, the shares of capital stock of the Bank are now owned directly by shareholders in the same proportion as their ownership of Flagstar Financial, Inc. capital stock immediately prior to the Merger. Further, each warrant to purchase either Series D preferred stock or common stock of Flagstar Financial, Inc. was converted automatically into a warrant to purchase the Bank’s common stock or, as applicable, the Bank’s Series D preferred stock. In addition, each of Flagstar Financial's outstanding warrants to purchase shares of Flagstar Financial common stock forming a part of a unit of Flagstar Financial's outstanding Bifurcated Option Note Unit SecuritiESSM (the “BONUSES Units”) was converted automatically into a warrant to purchase Bank common stock upon the same terms applicable to the outstanding warrants immediately prior to the Reorganization. Immediately following the Merger, the Bank had substantially the same outstanding capital stock with substantially the same rights and privileges as the outstanding capital stock of Flagstar Financial, Inc. immediately prior to the Merger. Immediately after the Merger, the Bank had substantially the same consolidated assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity as Flagstar Financial. Inc. immediately prior to the Merger. The Bank assumed Flagstar Financial, Inc.’s debt obligations, equity incentive plans, equity compensation plans, and other compensation plans as a result of the Merger.
Following the Merger, we continue to be publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol “FLG.” The Bank’s common stock, as well as depositary shares representing interests in the Bank's Series A preferred stock and the BONUSES Units, is registered with the Bank’s primary banking regulator, the OCC, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Loss
For the three months ended September 30, 2025, we reported a net loss of $36 million compared to a net loss of $70 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. The net loss attributable to common stockholders, which includes the impact from preferred dividends, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $45 million, or $0.11 per diluted share compared to a net loss attributable to common stockholders of $78 million, or $0.19 per diluted share for the three months ended June 30, 2025.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we reported a net loss of $206 million compared to a net loss of $930 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The net loss attributable to common stockholders, which includes the impact from preferred dividends, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $231 million, or $0.56 per diluted share compared to a net loss attributable to common stockholders of $957 million, or $3.16 per diluted share for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 included the reduction in the Signature Transaction bargain purchase gain of $121 million.
Net Interest Income
NII is our primary source of income. The amount of our NII is a function of the amount of interest-earning assets we hold, the manner in which we fund these assets, including interest-bearing liabilities, and the spread between the interest rates we earn on assets and the interest rates we pay on liabilities. These factors are influenced by both the pricing and mix of our interest-earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities which, in turn, are impacted by various external factors, including the local economy, competition for loans and deposits, the monetary policy of the FOMC, and prevailing interest rates.
Our interest-bearing liabilities are comprised of customer deposits and funds we borrow. The average term of our fixed rate deposits is less than twelve months, therefore the cost of our deposits and most of our borrowed funds is largely based on short-term interest rates, the level of which is partially impacted by the actions of the FOMC. The yields on our held for-investment loans and investment securities are generally more sensitive to intermediate-term interest rates. However, a sizable portion of our held for investment loans have fixed rates that generally reset to the then current intermediate-term interest rates when they reach repricing dates.
The following table sets forth information regarding our NII and average balance sheet for the periods indicated. The average balance is derived from daily calculations of average balances.
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| Three Months Ended, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | June 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Average Balance | Interest | Average Yield/Cost | Average Balance | Interest | Average Yield/Cost | |||||||||||||||||
| ASSETS: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total loans and leases (1) | $ | 63,541 | $ | 819 | 5.15 | % | $ | 65,824 | $ | 840 | 5.12 | % | |||||||||||
Securities (2) | 16,610 | 192 | 4.62 | % | 15,169 | 170 | 4.48 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning cash and cash equivalents | 8,216 | 90 | 4.36 | % | 12,054 | 133 | 4.42 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earning assets | $ | 88,367 | $ | 1,101 | 4.94 | % | $ | 93,047 | $ | 1,143 | 4.93 | % | |||||||||||
| Non-interest-earning assets | 3,616 | 3,663 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 91,983 | $ | 96,710 | |||||||||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts | $ | 19,562 | $ | 151 | 3.05 | % | $ | 20,497 | $ | 162 | 3.16 | % | |||||||||||
| Savings accounts | 14,573 | 113 | 3.08 | % | 14,353 | 110 | 3.07 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | 23,052 | 255 | 4.38 | % | 25,310 | 287 | 4.55 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing deposits | $ | 57,187 | $ | 519 | 3.60 | % | $ | 60,160 | $ | 559 | 3.73 | % | |||||||||||
| Total borrowed funds | $ | 13,191 | $ | 157 | 4.74 | % | $ | 14,105 | $ | 165 | 4.70 | % | |||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | $ | 70,378 | $ | 676 | 3.81 | % | $ | 74,265 | $ | 724 | 3.91 | % | |||||||||||
| Non-interest-bearing deposits | 12,079 | 12,731 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 1,394 | 1,724 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 83,851 | $ | 88,720 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ and mezzanine equity | 8,132 | 7,990 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 91,983 | $ | 96,710 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income/interest rate spread | $ | 425 | 1.13 | % | $ | 419 | 1.02 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Net interest margin | 1.91 | % | 1.81 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities | 1.26 | x | 1.25 | x | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Comprised of Loans and leases held for investment, net and Loans held for sale.
(2)Comprised of Debt securities available-for-sale at amortized cost, Equity investments with readily determinable fair values, at fair value and FHLB stock and FRB-NY stock, at cost.
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| Nine Months Ended, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Average Balance | Interest | Average Yield/Cost | Average Balance | Interest | Average Yield/Cost | |||||||||||||||||
| ASSETS: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total loans and leases (1) | $ | 65,842 | $ | 2,519 | 5.13 | % | $ | 81,286 | $ | 3,421 | 5.62 | % | |||||||||||
Securities (2) | 14,962 | 510 | 4.54 | % | 12,180 | 415 | 4.59 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Interest-earning cash and cash equivalents | 11,515 | 379 | 4.41 | % | 18,615 | 758 | 5.44 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earning assets | $ | 92,319 | $ | 3,408 | 4.94 | % | $ | 112,081 | $ | 4,594 | 5.47 | % | |||||||||||
| Non-interest-earning assets | 3,588 | 5,414 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 95,907 | $ | 117,495 | |||||||||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts | $ | 20,355 | $ | 480 | 3.15 | % | $ | 23,872 | $ | 664 | 3.71 | % | |||||||||||
| Savings accounts | 14,426 | 334 | 3.10 | % | 9,960 | 221 | 2.97 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | 24,893 | 850 | 4.57 | % | 27,109 | 1,000 | 4.93 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing deposits | $ | 59,674 | $ | 1,664 | 3.73 | % | $ | 60,941 | $ | 1,885 | 4.13 | % | |||||||||||
Total borrowed funds | $ | 13,887 | $ | 490 | 4.72 | % | $ | 26,259 | $ | 1,019 | 5.31 | % | |||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | $ | 73,561 | $ | 2,154 | 3.91 | % | $ | 87,200 | $ | 2,904 | 4.45 | % | |||||||||||
| Non-interest-bearing deposits | 12,622 | 18,872 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 1,616 | 2,648 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 87,799 | $ | 108,720 | |||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ and mezzanine equity | 8,108 | 8,775 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 95,907 | $ | 117,495 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income/interest rate spread | $ | 1,254 | 1.03 | % | $ | 1,691 | 1.02 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Net interest margin | 1.82 | % | 2.01 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities | 1.25 | x | 1.29 | x | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Comprised of Loans and leases held for investment, net and Loans held for sale.
(2)Comprised of Debt securities available-for-sale at amortized cost, Equity investments with readily determinable fair values, at fair value and FHLB stock and FRB-NY stock, at cost.
The following table summarizes the change in NII attributable to changes in rate and volume:
| Three Months Ended, | Nine Months Ended, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2025 compared to June 30, 2025 Increase/(Decrease) Due to: | September 30, 2025 compared to September 30, 2024 Increase/(Decrease) Due to: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Volume | Rate | Net | Volume | Rate | Net(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total loans and leases | $ | (29) | $ | 8 | $ | (21) | $ | (509) | $ | (393) | $ | (902) | ||||||||||||||
| Securities | 17 | 5 | 22 | 95 | — | 95 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest earning cash & cash equivalent | (42) | (1) | (43) | (156) | (223) | (379) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest-earnings assets | $ | (54) | $ | 12 | $ | (42) | $ | (570) | $ | (616) | $ | (1,186) | ||||||||||||||
| INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts | $ | (7) | $ | (4) | $ | (11) | $ | (55) | $ | (129) | $ | (184) | ||||||||||||||
| Savings accounts | 1 | 2 | 3 | 69 | 44 | 113 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | (24) | (8) | (32) | (51) | (99) | (150) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total borrowed funds | $ | (10) | $ | 2 | $ | (8) | $ | (292) | $ | (237) | $ | (529) | ||||||||||||||
| Total interest-bearing liabilities | $ | (40) | $ | (8) | $ | (48) | $ | (329) | $ | (421) | $ | (750) | ||||||||||||||
| Change in net interest income | $ | (14) | $ | 20 | $ | 6 | $ | (241) | $ | (195) | $ | (437) | ||||||||||||||
(1)May not foot due to rounding.
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Comparison to Prior Quarter
During the three months ended September 30, 2025, NIM increased 10 basis points and NII increased $6 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. This was primarily as a result of lower-interest bearing deposits primarily due to the payoff of brokered certificates of deposit reflecting our actions to reduce higher cost funding, the pay down of wholesale borrowings and improved yields on loans and leases on One-to-four family and C&I originations, partially offset by lower average total loans and leases due to the strategic reduction in our multi-family, CRE and non-core C&I loans that began in early 2024.
Comparison to Prior Year to Date
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, NIM decreased by 19 basis points and NII decreased $437 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This was primarily as a result of lower average total loans and leases due to the strategic reduction in multi-family and CRE loans, the sale of our mortgage third party origination business and mortgage servicing business ("Mortgage Operations") during the three months ended December 31, 2024 and the sale of our warehouse lending portfolio during the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease was partially offset by lower average borrowed funds driven by the pay down of wholesale borrowings and lower interest-bearing deposits driven by the pay down of brokered deposits during 2024 and the nine months ended September 30, 2025.
Provision for Credit Losses
The following table summarizes our Provision for credit losses for the respective periods:
| Three Months Ended, | Nine Months Ended, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | June 30, 2025 | Change | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for credit losses | $ | 38 | $ | 64 | (41) | % | $ | 181 | $ | 947 | (81) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comparison to Prior Quarter
For the three months ended September 30, 2025, the provision for credit losses decreased $26 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. This decrease is primarily due to volume declines from the strategic reduction in our multi-family, CRE and non-core C&I loan portfolios, lower charge-offs, a decrease in criticized assets and the receipt of recent appraisals including appraisals on our individually evaluated loans. These declines were partially offset by declining trends in macro-economic conditions. Additionally, our ACL balance decreased since June 30, 2025 as a result of a reduction in the allowance associated with individually evaluated loans based upon updated appraisals received during the three months ended September 30, 2025, partially offset by declining trends in macro-economic conditions.
Comparison to Prior Year to Date
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the provision for credit losses decreased $766 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This decrease is primarily due to improving credit trends as property values and borrower financials normalize which has resulted in a stabilization in our ACL and lower net charge-offs in our CRE portfolio. Additionally, our ACL balance decreased since September 30, 2024 as a result of the on-going volume declines from the strategic reduction in our multi-family, CRE and non-core C&I portfolios. The reduction in our ACL balance was partially offset by declining trends in macro-economic conditions.
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Non-Interest Income
The following table summarizes our non-interest income for the respective periods:
| Three Months Ended, | Nine Months Ended, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | June 30, 2025 | Change | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fee income | $ | 23 | $ | 22 | 5 | % | $ | 67 | $ | 117 | (43) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank-owned life insurance | 12 | 10 | 20 | % | 32 | 32 | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gain on investment securities | 22 | — | NM | 22 | — | NM | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net return on mortgage servicing rights | — | — | — | % | — | 74 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net gain on loan sales and securitizations | 5 | 6 | (17) | % | 24 | 43 | (44) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loan administration income | — | 1 | (100) | % | 5 | 3 | 67 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bargain purchase gain | — | — | — | % | — | (121) | NM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 32 | 38 | (16) | % | 101 | 88 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | $ | 94 | $ | 77 | 22 | % | $ | 251 | $ | 236 | 6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comparison to Prior Quarter
For the three months ended September 30, 2025, non-interest income increased $17 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025. The increase is primarily attributed to a $21 million gain on our investment in Figure Technology Solutions, Inc., partially offset by several insignificant items.
Comparison to Prior Year to Date
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, non-interest income increased $15 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in non-interest income was primarily due to the non-recurrence of the $121 million reduction in the Signature Transaction bargain purchase gain, a $21 million gain on our investment in Figure Technology Solutions, Inc., and increased commission income. The increase was partially offset by lower MSRs fees, fee income, net gain on loan sales and securitizations and net loan administration income as a result of the sale of our Mortgage Operations during the three months ended December 31, 2024.
Non-Interest Expense
The following table summarizes our non-interest expense for the respective periods:
| Three Months Ended, | Nine Months Ended, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | June 30, 2025 | Change | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | $ | 242 | $ | 237 | 2 | % | $ | 723 | $ | 961 | (25) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FDIC insurance | 37 | 49 | (24) | % | 136 | 239 | (43) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Occupancy and equipment | 47 | 53 | (11) | % | 155 | 163 | (5) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 153 | 133 | 15 | % | 433 | 557 | (22) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expense | $ | 479 | $ | 472 | 1 | % | $ | 1,447 | $ | 1,920 | (25) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible asset amortization | 26 | 27 | (4) | % | 81 | 105 | (23) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Merger-related expenses | 17 | 14 | 21 | % | 39 | 95 | (59) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | $ | 522 | $ | 513 | 2 | % | $ | 1,567 | $ | 2,120 | (26) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comparison to Prior Quarter
Total non-interest expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased $9 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, primarily due to an increase in general and administrative expenses as a result of a $14 million increase in litigation accruals related to a recent settlement agreement for claims that originated at Flagstar Bancorp in 2021 and 2022 prior to the Flagstar Bancorp merger with New York Community Bancorp, Inc. ("NYCB"), and increased compensation and benefits as a result of $8 million of severance costs partially offset by a decline in our FDIC insurance expense as a result of a lower asset base and lower brokered deposits.
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Comparison to Prior Year to Date
Total non-interest expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased $553 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily due to lower compensation and benefits costs stemming from the actions taken to optimize costs which continued in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, a decrease in general and administrative expenses primarily due to the sale of our Mortgage Operations during the three months ended December 31, 2024 and our continued focus on operating expense management. Additionally, we had lower FDIC insurance costs as a result of a lower asset base and lower brokered deposits due to the sale of our Mortgage Operations, and lower merger-related expenses.
Income Tax Benefit
The following table summarizes our income tax benefit and effective tax rate for the respective periods:
| Three Months Ended, | Nine Months Ended, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | June 30, 2025 | Change | September 30, 2025 | September 30, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax (benefit) | $ | (5) | $ | (11) | (55) | % | $ | (37) | $ | (210) | (82) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effective tax rate | 12.2 | % | 12.9 | % | 15.2 | % | 18.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
We compute our tax benefit for interim periods by applying the estimated annual effective tax to our year-to-date (Loss) before income taxes and adjust for discrete items that occur in the quarter. For the three and nine September 30, 2025, we were unable to make a reliable estimate of our estimated annual effective tax rate as a result of our expected break-even results for 2025; therefore we used our actual effective tax rate to compute our income tax benefit for the three and nine September 30, 2025.
Comparison to Prior Quarter
The income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2025 decreased $6 million compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025 primarily as a result of the reduction in our pre-tax loss.
Comparison to Prior Year to Date
The income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased $173 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily as a result of the reduction in our pre-tax loss, partially offset by the tax impact of the adjustment to the bargain purchase gain recorded net of tax during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
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FINANCIAL CONDITION
Loans and Leases
The following table summarizes the composition of our loan portfolio:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Amount | Percent of Loans Held for Investment | Amount | Percent of Loans Held for Investment | |||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | 30,466 | 48.7 | % | $ | 34,093 | 49.9 | % | |||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | 10,163 | 16.2 | 11,836 | 17.4 | |||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | 5,513 | 8.8 | 5,201 | 7.6 | |||||||||||||
Commercial and industrial | 14,874 | 23.7 | 15,376 | 22.5 | |||||||||||||
| Other loans | 1,645 | 2.6 | 1,766 | 2.6 | |||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment | $ | 62,661 | 100.0 | % | $ | 68,272 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases | (1,071) | (1,201) | |||||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment, net | $ | 61,590 | $ | 67,071 | |||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | 535 | 899 | |||||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases, net | $ | 62,125 | $ | 67,970 | |||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
Total loans and leases held for investment decreased $5.6 billion at September 30, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024, primarily as a result of our continued strategy of diversifying our loan portfolio by reducing our multi-family, CRE and non-core C&I loan exposure, partially offset by $3.7 billion in originations within our C&I portfolio.
Loan Maturity and Repricing
The following table sets forth loans with adjustable rates ("Option Loans") by year of repricing and fixed rate loans ("Non-Option Loans") by year of contractual maturity:
| September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Multi-Family | Commercial Real Estate(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repricing / Contractual Maturity Year | Option Loans by Repricing Date | Non-Option Loans by Contractual Maturity | Option Loans by Repricing Date | Non-Option Loans by Contractual Maturity | Total(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | $ | 936 | $ | 558 | $ | 1,857 | $ | 234 | $ | 3,585 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 3,899 | 1,140 | 712 | 357 | 6,108 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 7,399 | 1,046 | 919 | 541 | 9,905 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | 3,699 | 2,039 | 370 | 860 | 6,968 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2029 | 2,288 | 1,570 | 241 | 524 | 4,623 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2030 | 75 | 2,186 | 13 | 236 | 2,510 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2031+ | 88 | 3,458 | 5 | 663 | 4,214 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total amounts due or repricing, gross | $ | 18,384 | $ | 11,997 | $ | 4,117 | $ | 3,415 | $ | 37,913 | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Excludes Specialty Finance CRE loans and multi-family loans serviced-by-others totaling $458 million and $96 million respectively. Amounts presented reflect unpaid principal balance; total amortized cost adjustments were $104 million.
(2)Excludes ADC loans.
Option loans offer the borrower the ability to reprice to a fixed rate after the initial period. If not elected, the loan defaults to a variable rate. Option loans in the table are shown as being due in the period the interest rate is subject to change. Non-Option loans are beyond the option date and are reflected by maturity. Risks associated with loan repricing are discussed in the Credit Risk section.
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Multi-Family Loans
Our multi-family loan portfolio decreased $3.6 billion at September 30, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to $2.8 billion of par payoffs since December 31, 2024, with 51 percent of the payoffs from substandard loans, the classification of $254 million of loans related to a single borrower relationship to Loans held for sale and loan sales of $102 million. The reduction in our multi-family loan portfolio is consistent with our strategic decision to continue to diversify our loan portfolio by reducing our exposure to multi-family loans.
The majority of our multi-family loans are non-recourse and are secured by rental apartment buildings. At September 30, 2025, $16.9 billion or 55 percent of our total multi-family loan portfolio was secured by properties in New York State, $14.7 billion or 87 percent of which are subject to rent regulation laws to varying degrees, with $10.2 billion having 50 percent or more rent regulated units. The New York Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019 significantly limits the ability to increase rents on regulated apartments upon vacancy. These limitations may reduce a borrower’s ability to generate additional revenues on those units to offset higher operating expenses due to inflation and the current interest rate environment. This could result in lower net operating income and could impact a borrower’s ability to satisfy repayment obligations during the term of the loan. In addition, the level of income generated by the property may be insufficient to qualify for refinancing at maturity.
To mitigate our exposure to rent-regulated properties, we are curtailing future originations of loans secured by rent-regulated properties. We are no longer utilizing mortgage brokers to refer loan origination opportunities to us. We are focusing originations and renewal retention on borrowers with whom we will have broader customer relationships beyond lending. Additionally, we are strategically diversifying our loan portfolio to shift from multi-family loans to other loan sectors.
Historically, our multi-family loans may have contained an initial interest-only period; however, they were underwritten on a fully amortizing basis, including calculation of the DSCR. Whether a borrower qualified for an interest-only period was based on the individual credit profile of the borrower, particularly the loan-to-value of the property. Our multi-family loan portfolio had $7.7 billion outstanding with interest-only payments at September 30, 2025. The weighted average interest-only period remaining was 21.8 months as of September 30, 2025, with approximately 17 percent of these loans entering their amortization period by the end of 2025 and 59 percent by the end of 2026.
We continue to monitor our loans held for investment portfolio and the related ACL, particularly, given the economic pressures facing the CRE and multi-family markets. Although occupancy levels, have historically tended to be stable due to below market rents, rent-regulated loans that are repricing are incurring debt service levels, by themselves, that when combined with inflationary pressure on operating costs and limits on the ability to increase rental rates, approach or exceed some properties’ net operating income and may require the borrower to support the loan from sources unrelated to the collateral until elevated interest rates subside.
The following table presents a geographical analysis of the multi-family loans in our held-for-investment loan portfolio:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Amount | Percent of Total | Amount | Percent of Total | |||||||||||||
| New York City: | |||||||||||||||||
| Manhattan | $ | 5,358 | 18 | % | $ | 6,246 | 18 | % | |||||||||
| Brooklyn | 4,849 | 16 | 5,375 | 16 | |||||||||||||
| Bronx | 2,859 | 9 | 3,272 | 10 | |||||||||||||
| Queens | 2,308 | 8 | 2,526 | 7 | |||||||||||||
| Staten Island | 73 | — | 98 | — | |||||||||||||
| Total New York City | $ | 15,447 | 51 | % | $ | 17,517 | 51 | % | |||||||||
| New Jersey | $ | 3,880 | 13 | % | $ | 4,509 | 13 | % | |||||||||
| Long Island | 428 | 1 | 484 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| Total Metro New York | $ | 19,755 | 65 | % | $ | 22,510 | 66 | % | |||||||||
| Other New York State | $ | 982 | 3 | % | $ | 1,188 | 3 | % | |||||||||
| Pennsylvania | 3,005 | 10 | 3,375 | 10 | |||||||||||||
| Florida | 1,487 | 5 | 1,555 | 5 | |||||||||||||
| Ohio | 975 | 3 | 1,007 | 3 | |||||||||||||
| All other states | 4,262 | 14 | 4,458 | 13 | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 30,466 | 100 | % | $ | 34,093 | 100 | % | |||||||||
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Commercial Real Estate
At September 30, 2025, CRE loans decreased $1.7 billion compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to par payoffs. The reduction in our CRE portfolio is consistent with our strategic decision to continue to diversify our loan portfolio by reducing our exposure to CRE loans.
Certain of our CRE loans may contain an interest-only period which typically does not exceed three years; however, these loans are underwritten on a fully amortizing basis, including calculation of the DSCR. Whether a borrower qualifies for an interest-only period is based on the individual credit profile of the borrower, particularly the loan-to-value of the property.
Substantially all CRE loans we originate are non-recourse and are secured by income-producing properties such as office buildings, retail centers, mixed-use buildings, and multi-tenanted light industrial properties.
The following table presents an analysis of the property types that collateralize the CRE loans in our held-for-investment portfolio:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Amount | Percent of Total | Amount | Percent of Total | |||||||||||||
| Office non-owner occupied | $ | 2,025 | 20 | % | $ | 2,271 | 19 | % | |||||||||
| Retail (includes owner and non-owner occupied) | 1,716 | 17 | 1,934 | 16 | |||||||||||||
| Industrial | 4,209 | 41 | 4,984 | 42 | |||||||||||||
| Other | 2,213 | 22 | 2,647 | 23 | |||||||||||||
Total(1) | $ | 10,163 | 100 | % | $ | 11,836 | 100 | % | |||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
The following table presents a geographical analysis of the CRE loans in our held-for-investment loan portfolio:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Amount | Percent of Total | Amount | Percent of Total | |||||||||||||
| New York | $ | 4,099 | 40 | % | $ | 4,634 | 39 | % | |||||||||
| Michigan | 1,017 | 10 | 1,220 | 10 | |||||||||||||
| California | 692 | 7 | 737 | 6 | |||||||||||||
| New Jersey | 646 | 6 | 738 | 6 | |||||||||||||
| Florida | 644 | 6 | 734 | 6 | |||||||||||||
| Texas | 470 | 5 | 451 | 4 | |||||||||||||
All other states | 2,595 | 26 | 3,322 | 28 | |||||||||||||
Total(1) | $ | 10,163 | 100 | % | $ | 11,836 | 100 | % | |||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
Commercial and Industrial
Our C&I loan portfolio decreased $502 million at September 30, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to a $4.2 billion reduction resulting from our strategic decision to continue to diversify our loan portfolio by reducing our exposure to non-core C&I loans. This decrease was partially offset by $3.7 billion of new originations that resulted from new and increased loan commitments of $5.3 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.
A broad range of C&I loans, both collateralized and unsecured, are made available to businesses for working capital (including inventory and accounts receivable), business expansion, the purchase of machinery and equipment, and other general corporate needs. In determining the term and structure of C&I loans, several factors are considered, including the purpose, the collateral, and the anticipated sources of repayment. C&I loans are often secured by business assets and personal guarantees of the borrower and include financial covenants to monitor the borrower’s financial stability. We continue to add experienced commercial, corporate and specialized industries banking professionals and credit underwriting and portfolio management personnel which will impact our noninterest expense as we continue to strategically diversify our loan portfolio to shift from multi-family loans to other portfolios, most notably C&I loans.
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Specialty finance loans and leases included within our C&I loan portfolio were $3.2 billion, or 5.1 percent of total loans held for investment at September 30, 2025, reflecting a decrease of $672 million or 17 percent compared to December 31, 2024. The decrease in specialty finance loans is a result of our decision to run off certain non-core loans as part of our overall loan portfolio strategy.
Specialty finance loans and leases are generally made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide. These loans fall into three categories: asset-based loans, dealer floor-plan lending and equipment loan and lease financing. Each of these credits is secured with a perfected first security interest in, or outright ownership of, the underlying collateral, and structured as senior debt or as a non-cancelable lease. As of September 30, 2025, 84 percent of specialty finance loan commitments are structured as floating rate obligations.
One-to-Four Family Loans
One-to-four family loans increased $312 million at September 30, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024, primarily driven by new originations.
One-to-four family loans include various types of conforming and non-conforming fixed and adjustable-rate loans underwritten using Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac guidelines for the purpose of purchasing or refinancing owner occupied and second home properties. The loan-to-value requirements on our residential first mortgage loans vary depending on occupancy, property type, loan amount, and FICO scores. Loans with loan-to-value ratios exceeding 80 percent are required to obtain mortgage insurance. As of September 30, 2025, excluding LGG, loans in this portfolio had an average current FICO score of 744 and an average loan-to-value ratio of 50 percent.
Substantially all LGG are insured or guaranteed by the FHA or the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, LGG totaled $354 million and $360 million, respectively. Nonperforming repurchased loans in this portfolio earn interest at a rate based upon the 10-year U.S. Treasury note rate from the time the underlying loan becomes 60 days delinquent until the loan is conveyed to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (if foreclosure timelines are met), which is not paid by the FHA until claimed.
Other Loans
At September 30, 2025, other loans decreased $121 million compared to December 31, 2024, primarily driven by payoffs at par.
Other loans primarily consist of HELOANs, second mortgage loans, and HELOCs. As of September 30, 2025, loans in this portfolio had an average current FICO score of 757.
Loans Held for Sale
Loans held for sale at September 30, 2025 decreased $364 million compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to the continued run-off of held for sale loans following the sale of our Mortgage Operations during the three months ended December 31, 2024.
During the three months ended September 30, 2025, we transferred $284 million of commercial loans (primarily multi-family loans) from Loans and leases held for investment to Loans held for sale. During October 2025, we completed a sale of $254 million in loans from one borrower with a history of delinquency at its carrying value, reducing our exposure to that borrower by 48 percent.
Refer to Note 5 - Loans and Leases for our policy relating to classifying loans as held for sale.
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Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table sets forth the allocation of the ACL on loans and leases at each period-end:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Allowance for credit losses | Allowance as a percent of loans in each portfolio | Loans in each portfolio as a percent of total loans | Allowance for credit losses | Allowance as a percent of loans in each portfolio | Loans in each portfolio as a percent of total loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family loans | $ | 558 | 1.83 | % | 48.7 | % | $ | 639 | 1.87 | % | 49.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate loans(1) | 255 | 2.51 | 16.2 | 304 | 2.57 | 17.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage loans | 34 | 0.62 | 8.8 | 39 | 0.75 | 7.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and industrial | 157 | 1.06 | 23.7 | 151 | 0.98 | 22.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other loans | 67 | 4.07 | 2.6 | 68 | 3.85 | 2.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans | $ | 1,071 | 1.71 | % | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,201 | 1.76 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
The ACL on loans and leases decreased $130 million from December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025. This decrease is primarily due to improving credit trends as property values and borrower financials normalize, and volume declines from the on-going strategic reduction in our multi-family, CRE and non-core C&I portfolios. The reduction in our ACL balance was partially offset by declining trends in macro-economic conditions.
Refer to Note 6 - Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Leases for our policy relating to the ACL.
Assets Quality Measures
The following table presents our asset quality measures at the respective dates:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
Non-accrual loans to total loans held for investment | 5.17 | % | 3.83 | % | |||||||
| Non-performing assets to total assets | 3.56 | 2.62 | |||||||||
Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases to non-accrual loans | 33.05 | 45.93 | |||||||||
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Non-accrual Loans
The following table presents our non-accrual loans held for investment by loan type:
(in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | 2,440 | $ | 1,755 | $ | 685 | |||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | 551 | 564 | (13) | ||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | 70 | 70 | — | ||||||||||||||
Commercial and industrial | 154 | 202 | (48) | ||||||||||||||
Other Loans | 26 | 24 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Total non-accrual loans(2) | $ | 3,241 | $ | 2,615 | $ | 626 | |||||||||||
| Repossessed assets | 21 | 14 | 7 | ||||||||||||||
| Total non-accrual loans and repossessed assets | $ | 3,262 | $ | 2,629 | $ | 633 | |||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
(2)Excludes $31 million and $323 million of non-accrual held for sale loans at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Refer to Note 5 - Loans and Leases for our policy relating to non-accrual loans.
The following table sets forth the changes in non-accrual loans at September 30, 2025:
| (in millions) | |||||
Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | 2,615 | |||
New non-accrual loans | 1,688 | ||||
| Charge-offs | (162) | ||||
Transferred to held for sale | (63) | ||||
| Loan payoffs, including dispositions and principal pay-downs | (707) | ||||
| Restored to performing status | (130) | ||||
Balance at September 30, 2025 | $ | 3,241 | |||
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 non-accrual loans increased $626 million primarily due to the classification of $566 million in loans, primarily within our multi-family portfolio, as non-accrual during the three months ended March 31, 2025. This increase was driven by a single borrower relationship currently undergoing bankruptcy proceedings. Approximately 41 percent of our non-accrual loans are current on their contractual payment terms.
Delinquencies
The following table presents our loans held for investment 30 to 89 days past due by loan type and the changes in the respective balances. As of September 30, 2025 approximately 80 percent of our multi-family 30-89 days past due loans were attributable to a single borrower relationship that continues to make payments in arrears subsequent to September 30, 2025.
(in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| Loans 30 to 89 Days Past Due: | |||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | 344 | $ | 749 | $ | (405) | |||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | 117 | 70 | 47 | ||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | 19 | 25 | (6) | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | 34 | 110 | (76) | ||||||||||||||
| Other loans | 21 | 11 | 10 | ||||||||||||||
| Total loans 30-89 days past due | $ | 535 | $ | 965 | $ | (430) | |||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
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Charge-offs
The following table summarizes net charge-offs as an annualized percentage of average loans:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Net Charge-offs (Recoveries) | Average Balance | %(2) | Net Charge-offs (Recoveries) | Average Balance | %(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | 46 | $ | 31,282 | 0.59 | % | $ | 98 | $ | 35,722 | 1.10 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | 18 | 10,432 | 0.69 | 108 | 13,073 | 3.30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family residential | 1 | 5,099 | 0.08 | 2 | 5,798 | 0.14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | 1 | 14,388 | 0.03 | 29 | 17,026 | 0.68 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 7 | 1,661 | 1.69 | 3 | 1,775 | 0.68 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 73 | $ | 62,862 | 0.46 | % | $ | 240 | $ | 73,394 | 1.31 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
(2)Three months ended presented on an annualized basis.
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Net Charge-offs (Recoveries) | Average Balance | %(2) | Net Charge-offs (Recoveries) | Average Balance | %(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | 222 | $ | 32,672 | 0.91 | % | $ | 184 | $ | 36,486 | 0.67 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | 33 | 10,975 | 0.40 | 409 | 13,394 | 4.07 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family residential | 3 | 5,026 | 0.08 | 3 | 5,850 | 0.07 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | 32 | 14,599 | 0.29 | 64 | 21,033 | 0.41 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 15 | 1,705 | 1.17 | 10 | 1,943 | 0.69 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 305 | $ | 64,977 | 0.63 | % | $ | 670 | $ | 78,706 | 1.14 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
(2)Nine months ended presented on an annualized basis.
Securities
Debt Securities Available-for-Sale
(in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
Debt Securities Available-for-Sale | $ | 15,052 | $ | 10,402 | $ | 4,650 | |||||||||||
Debt securities available-for-sale increased $4.7 billion compared to December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily a result of our decision to reinvest our cash into higher earning assets. At September 30, 2025, 29 percent of our portfolio is comprised of floating rate securities.
At September 30, 2025, debt securities available-for-sale had an estimated weighted average life of 4 years compared to 6 years at December 31, 2024. Mortgage-related securities included in debt securities available-for-sale were $12.3 billion and $8.6 billion at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
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The following table summarizes the weighted average yields of debt securities available-for-sale for the maturities at September 30, 2025:
| Mortgage- Related Securities | U.S. Government and GSE Obligations | Corporate and Other Bonds | Asset-Backed Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||
Debt Securities Available-for-Sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due within one year | 4.50 | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | |||||||||||||||
| Due from one to five years | 2.89 | 3.93 | 5.00 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Due from five to ten years | 2.43 | 1.62 | 5.53 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Due after ten years | 4.61 | — | 6.34 | 5.66 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available for sale | 4.55 | 2.62 | 5.32 | 5.66 | |||||||||||||||||||
Deposits
We compete for deposits and customers through multiple channels, including our retail branch network, our private banking business and mobile and internet bank applications. Our ability to retain and attract deposits depends on numerous factors, including customer satisfaction, the rates of interest we pay, the types of products we offer and the attractiveness of their terms. The majority of our deposits are retail in nature, however, we also utilize brokered deposits depending on their availability and pricing relative to other funding sources.
The following table summarizes the change in our deposits:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Amount | Amount | Change | ||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts | $ | 20,045 | $ | 20,780 | $ | (735) | |||||||||||
Savings accounts | 14,782 | 14,282 | 500 | ||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit | 22,369 | 27,324 | (4,955) | ||||||||||||||
Non-interest-bearing accounts | 11,956 | 13,484 | (1,528) | ||||||||||||||
Total deposits | $ | 69,152 | $ | 75,870 | $ | (6,718) | |||||||||||
Total deposits at September 30, 2025 decreased $6.7 billion compared to December 31, 2024, primarily due to the payoff of brokered CDs reflecting our strategy to reduce higher cost funding and custodial deposits as a result of the sale of our Mortgage Operations during the three months ended December 31, 2024.
The following table presents the composition of our brokered deposits for the periods presented:
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Brokered interest-bearing checking and money market accounts | $ | 76 | $ | 714 | ||||||||||
Brokered certificates of deposit | 4,034 | 9,510 | ||||||||||||
Total Brokered Deposits(1) | $ | 4,110 | $ | 10,224 | ||||||||||
(1) Excludes reciprocal deposits.
The following table indicates the amount of time deposits, by account, that are in excess of $250,000 per depositor by time remaining until maturity:
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| 3 months or less | $ | 3,130 | $ | 3,530 | |||||||
| Over 3 months through 6 months | 2,555 | 2,637 | |||||||||
| Over 6 months through 12 months | 1,866 | 4,329 | |||||||||
| Over 12 months | 379 | 2,099 | |||||||||
Total time deposits in excess of $250,000 per depositor(1) | $ | 7,930 | $ | 12,595 | |||||||
(1) Includes brokered certificates of deposit of $4.0 billion and $9.5 billion at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Brokered certificates of deposit with balances in excess of $250,000 are fully insured by the FDIC as each of the ultimate owners of the funds maintain balances below FDIC insurance limits.
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The following table indicates the amount of custodial deposits by source:
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
Custodial deposits from subservicing relationships | — | 947 | |||||||||
Non-servicing custodial deposits | 3,449 | 3,651 | |||||||||
Total Custodial Deposits | $ | 3,449 | $ | 4,598 | |||||||
Uninsured Deposits
At September 30, 2025, our deposit base included $13.4 billion of uninsured deposits that are uninsured or not collateralized by securities or letters of credit. Our uninsured deposits are the portion of deposit accounts that exceed the FDIC insurance limit.
As of September 30, 2025, total bank liquidity exceeds the balance of our uninsured deposits by $14.2 billion.
Borrowed Funds
The following table summarizes our borrowed funds:
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | Change | ||||||||||||||
| Wholesale borrowings: | |||||||||||||||||
| FHLB advances | $ | 12,150 | $ | 13,400 | $ | (1,250) | |||||||||||
| Total wholesale borrowings | $ | 12,150 | $ | 13,400 | $ | (1,250) | |||||||||||
| Junior subordinated debentures | 584 | 582 | $ | 2 | |||||||||||||
| Subordinated notes | 448 | 444 | $ | 4 | |||||||||||||
| Total borrowed funds | $ | 13,182 | $ | 14,426 | $ | (1,244) | |||||||||||
At September 30, 2025 total borrowed funds decreased $1.2 billion compared to December 31, 2024 primarily due to the repayment of $250 million and $1.0 billion of FHLB advances upon maturity in the three months ended March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively.
FHLB advances are secured by eligible collateral in the form of loans and securities, under blanket collateral agreements with the FHLB.
At September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024 our wholesale borrowings had $250 million of callable features.
See Note 9 - Borrowed Funds for a further discussion of our wholesale borrowings, our junior subordinated debentures and subordinated debt.
Federal Reserve and Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost: | |||||||||||
FHLB-NY stock, at cost | $ | 542 | $ | 598 | |||||||
FHLB-Indianapolis stock, at cost | 255 | 329 | |||||||||
Total Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost: | $ | 797 | $ | 927 | |||||||
| Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost | 221 | 219 | |||||||||
| Federal Home Loan Bank stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost | $ | 1,018 | $ | 1,146 | |||||||
At September 30, 2025, the total FHLB and FRB-NY stock, decreased $128 million, primarily due to a reduction in borrowings in the three months ended September 30, 2025.
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Risk Governance Framework
The Risk Management Division is responsible for formalizing our Risk Appetite Statement, which reflects the Board's and Management’s tolerance for risks and is set in alignment with the budget, strategic and capital plans. Internal controls and ongoing monitoring processes capture and address heightened risks that threaten our ability to achieve our goals and objectives, including the recognition of safety and soundness concerns and consumer protection. Additionally, key risk indicators are monitored against established risk warning levels and limits, as well as elevated risks escalated to the Chief Risk Officer.
To comprehensively manage our risk exposure, we focus on several critical areas outlined below, Credit Risk, Liquidity Risk, Interest Rate Risk and Regulatory Capital.
Credit Risk
To mitigate the potential for credit losses, we underwrite our loans in accordance with credit standards that we consider to be prudent as described more fully in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
It is our practice to continually review the risk in our loan portfolio. We receive financial information from borrowers annually and in some cases more frequently. We most often receive updated borrower financial information in the second calendar quarter. Upon receipt of the borrower financial information, we perform an analysis to determine whether the cash flow from the underlying collateral is sufficient to meet the contractual loan payments, commonly referred to as the DSCR. We consider the ability to cover debt service based upon the current contractual rate or, when a borrower’s initial fixed rate period expires in the near future, the lowest contractual rate reset option available under the loan terms using the current level for referenced indices. Loans that do not have a DSCR of 1.0 or greater are evaluated for a potential downgrade to substandard or non-accrual risk rating. All substandard loans, including non-accrual loans, are appraised at the time of downgrade and are re-appraised annually. Based upon this appraisal the loan is evaluated to determine if an adjustment to the carrying amount is required. The largest substandard and non-accrual loans are reported and reviewed with the Risk Assessment Committee at least quarterly.
Since the beginning of 2024, $4.9 billion of multifamily loans have reached their repricing date. As of September 30, 2025, 84 percent of those loans remain current on their contractual payments or have been paid off.
Substandard and Non-Accrual loans ("Classified Loans") reflect the potential that a loss may occur if deficiencies in the primary source of repayment are unable to be corrected and borrowers are unwilling or unable to otherwise support the loans. Classified loans at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were $9.9 billion and $11.5 billion, respectively. The decrease in classified loans is primarily attributable to the par payoffs of multi-family substandard loans.
The procedures we follow with respect to delinquent loans are generally consistent across all categories, with late charges assessed, and notices mailed to the borrower, at specified dates. We attempt to reach the borrower by telephone to ascertain the reasons for delinquency and the prospects for repayment. When contact is made with a borrower at any time prior to foreclosure or recovery against collateral property, we attempt to obtain full payment and will consider a repayment schedule to avoid taking such action. Delinquencies are addressed by our Loan Workout Unit and every effort is made to collect rather than initiate foreclosure proceedings.
Refer to Note 5 - Loans and Leases for further information regarding our policies surrounding non-accrual loans.
In accordance with our charge-off policy, collateral-dependent loans are written down to their current appraised values less costs to sell. Workout specialists from our Loan Workout Unit actively pursue borrowers who are delinquent in repaying their loans in an effort to collect payment. In addition, outside counsel with experience in foreclosure proceedings are retained to support these efforts. Charge-offs of $279 million were recorded on multi-family and CRE loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2025, primarily driven by appraisals received on those loans.
It is our policy to order updated appraisals for all Classified Loans that are collateralized by multi-family buildings, CRE properties, or land, if the most recent appraisal on file for the property is more than one year old. Appraisals are ordered at least annually until such time as the loan becomes pass rated. It is not our policy to obtain updated appraisals for performing loans that are not showing signs of credit weakness. However, appraisals may be ordered for performing loans when a borrower requests an increase in the loan amount, a modification in loan terms, an extension of a maturing loan, or when we determine an updated appraisal is needed as a result of our ongoing credit analysis. We evaluate loans that were previously placed on non-accrual at least quarterly to determine if additional charge-offs may be needed.
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Properties and other assets that are acquired through foreclosure are classified as repossessed assets and are recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition, less the estimated cost of selling the property. Subsequent declines in the fair value of the assets are charged to earnings and are included in non-interest expense. It is our policy to require an appraisal, and an environmental assessment of properties classified as OREO before foreclosure and to re-appraise the properties at least annually until they are sold. We dispose of such properties as quickly and prudently as possible, given current market conditions and the property’s condition.
Liquidity Risk
We have established a liquidity risk management framework designed to ensure that we can meet our funding obligations in daily, business-as-usual and liquidity stress periods. We maintain a Liquidity Risk Policy that has been approved by the Board of Directors and is subject to review at least annually or if there are significant changes to our business activity. The Liquidity Risk Policy outlines our Risk Appetite and provides guidance for the roles and responsibilities of management and various oversight committees to oversee the liquidity risk management framework. We also maintain a CFP which has been approved by the Board of Directors. The CFP provides guidance to plan for potential periods of stress and to navigate actual periods of stress. The CFP specifies a series of EWI which we use to monitor funding or market conditions that may indicate a trend toward a period of stress and to provide guiding principles for us during a period of stress including identifying the operational steps needed to access available and contingent sources of liquidity.
Our funding primarily stems from a diverse combination of business activities. The primary source of funding is our retail and institutional deposit base. Customer deposits provide us with a relatively stable, low-cost source of funding. The majority of our customer deposits are covered by FDIC deposit insurance with $13.4 billion of deposits that are uninsured or not collateralized by securities or letters of credit, representing 18 percent of our overall deposit base. We also obtain funding through various wholesale funding channels, including $12.2 billion of secured borrowings from the FHLB and an active brokered CDs issuance program with $4.0 billion outstanding as of September 30, 2025.
Our Liquidity Policy defines a limit framework which ensures we maintain liquidity and funding within our risk appetite. The limits require, among other elements, we maintain a diverse funding profile while limiting concentration of funding by source, counterparty and maturity tenor. The policy also requires us to maintain sufficient on-balance sheet liquidity to support funding obligations under a severe, but plausible 30-day liquidity stress scenario. We monitor and report our overall funding and liquidity risk appetite metrics on a daily basis and our cash position on an intraday basis.
We maintain a liquidity buffer of on-balance sheet cash reserves and HQLAs. We also maintain access to secured borrowings from the FHLB and FRB-NY Discount Window. The investment securities we consider HQLAs are all unencumbered, held as available-for-sale, and are either issued by government sponsored entities or are explicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government. We pledge eligible loan and securities collateral with the FRB-NY Discount Window and FHLB New York to support borrowing capacity. The available borrowing capacity with the FRB-NY Discount Window and the FHLB, net of credit utilization primarily in the form of advances and letters of credit, is included in our Total Liquidity.
| (in billions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
| Cash at Federal Reserve | $ | 8.0 | $ | 15.0 | |||||||
High-Quality Liquid Assets | 13.0 | 7.9 | |||||||||
| Total On-Balance Sheet Liquidity | $ | 21.0 | $ | 22.9 | |||||||
| FHLB Available Capacity | 5.4 | 6.6 | |||||||||
| Discount Window Available Capacity | 1.2 | 0.4 | |||||||||
| Total Liquidity | $ | 27.6 | $ | 29.9 | |||||||
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Credit Ratings
We maintain credit ratings from three rating agencies: Moody’s, Fitch and DBRS. As of October 27, 2025, our credit ratings for Flagstar Bank, N.A. were as follows:
| Moody's | Fitch | DBRS | |||||||||||||||
Long-Term Issuer Rating | B1 | BB | BBB | ||||||||||||||
Long-Term Deposits | Ba1 | BB+ | BBB | ||||||||||||||
Short-Term Deposits | NP | B | |||||||||||||||
The primary mortgage loan agencies maintain standards that define the criteria that must be met for an institution to qualify as an eligible custodial depository for the deposits related to loans owned by those entities, including having an investment grade short-term issuer/deposit rating from Moody’s or S&P. We are currently not in compliance with that criteria. We have received a waiver of these criteria for all of our custodial deposits which could be revoked at any of the agencies' discretion. We have no other direct contractual relationships tied to further downgrades in our credit ratings, but may suffer reputational risk that could have an adverse effect on our business should that occur.
Parent Company Liquidity
Prior to the completion of the Reorganization, the Parent Company was a separate legal entity from the Bank and was required to provide for its own liquidity in addition to the liquidity required to be held by the Bank. At September 30, 2025, the Parent Company held cash and cash equivalents of $476 million. Following the Reorganization, the Parent Company ceased to exist and this liquidity requirement no longer applies.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
In the normal course of business, we enter into a variety of contractual obligations in order to manage our assets and liabilities, fund loan growth, operate our branch network, and address our capital needs.
For example, we offer CDs with contractual terms to our customers and also borrow funds under contract from the FHLB. These contractual obligations are reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition under “Deposits” and “Borrowed funds,” respectively. At September 30, 2025, we had CDs of $22.4 billion and long-term debt (defined as borrowed funds with an original maturity one year or more) of $10.7 billion.
We also are obligated under certain non-cancelable operating leases on the buildings and land we use in operating our branch network and in performing our back-office responsibilities. These obligations are included within Other liabilities within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition and totaled $438 million at September 30, 2025 and $463 million at December 31, 2024.
At September 30, 2025, we also had commitments to extend credit in the form of other loan originations, as well as commercial, performance stand-by and financial stand-by letters of credit. These commitments consist of agreements to extend credit as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract under which the loan is made. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. The fees we collect in connection with the issuance of letters of credit are included in “Fee income” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.
At September 30, 2025, our total liquidity position was $28 billion and we expect that our funding will be sufficient to fulfill our cash obligations and commitments when they are due both in the short term and long term.
For September 30, 2025, we did not engage in any off-balance sheet transactions that we expect to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Interest Rate Risk
We manage our assets and liabilities to reduce our exposure to changes in market interest rates. The asset and liability management process has three primary objectives: to evaluate the interest rate risk inherent in certain balance sheet accounts; to determine the appropriate level of risk, given our business strategy, operating environment, capital and liquidity requirements, and performance objectives; and to manage that risk in a manner consistent with guidelines approved by our Board of Directors.
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As a financial institution, we are focused on reducing our exposure to interest rate volatility, which represents our primary market risk. Changes in market interest rates represent the greatest challenge to our financial performance, as such changes can have a significant impact on the level of income and expense recorded on a large portion of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and on the market value of all interest-earning assets, other than those possessing a short term to maturity. To reduce our exposure to changing rates, the Board of Directors and management monitor interest rate sensitivity on a regular or as needed basis so that adjustments to the asset and liability mix can be made when deemed appropriate.
The actual duration of held for investment mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities can be significantly impacted by changes in prepayment levels and market interest rates. The level of prepayments may, in turn, be impacted by a variety of factors, including the economy in the region where the underlying mortgages were originated; seasonal factors; demographic variables; and the assumability of the underlying mortgages. However, the factors with the most significant impact on prepayments are market interest rates and the availability of refinancing opportunities.
Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis
Interest rate sensitivity is monitored through the use of a model that generates estimates of the change in our EVE over a range of interest rate scenarios. EVE is defined as the net present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet contracts. The EVE ratio, under any interest rate scenario, is defined as the EVE in that scenario divided by the market value of assets in the same scenario. The model assumes estimated loan and MBS prepayment rates, current market value spreads, and deposit decay rates and betas.
Based on the information and assumptions in effect at September 30, 2025, the following table sets forth our EVE, assuming the changes in interest rates noted:
| Change in Interest Rates (in basis points) | Estimated Percentage Change in Economic Value of Equity | |||||||
| -200 shock | 0.7% | |||||||
| -100 shock | 0.3% | |||||||
| +100 shock | (1.3)% | |||||||
| +200 shock | (3.4)% | |||||||
The net changes in EVE presented in the preceding table are within the parameters approved by our Board of Directors.
Accordingly, while the EVE analysis provides an indication of our interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such measurements are not intended to, and do not, provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on our NII, and may very well differ from actual results.
Interest Rate Risk is also monitored through the use of a model that generates NII simulations over a range of interest rate scenarios. Modeling changes in NII requires that certain assumptions be made which may or may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. In this regard, the NII analysis presented below assumes that the composition of our interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities existing at the beginning of a period remains constant over the period being measured, and also assumes that a particular change in interest rates is reflected uniformly across the yield curve, regardless of the duration to maturity or repricing of specific assets and liabilities. Furthermore, the model does not take into account the benefit of any strategic actions we may take to further reduce our exposure to interest rate risk. The assumptions used in the NII simulation are inherently uncertain. Actual results may differ significantly from those presented in the following table, due to the frequency, timing, and magnitude of changes in interest rates; changes in spreads between maturity and repricing categories; and prepayments, among other factors, coupled with any actions taken to counter the effects of any such changes.
At September 30, 2025, the estimated change in NII over the next twelve months for a 100 basis point reduction in short term interest rates with no change in long term interest rates is an increase of 1.66 percent and the estimated change for a 100 basis point increase in short term rates is a decrease of 1.79 percent.
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Table of Contents
The following table reflects the estimated percentage change in future NII for the next twelve months. In general, short- and long-term rates are assumed to increase in parallel instantaneously and then remain unchanged. Based on the information and assumptions in effect at September 30, 2025 the changes in interest rates are noted below:
Change in Interest Rates (in basis points) | Estimated Percentage Change in Future Net Interest Income | |||||||
| -200 shock | (0.7)% | |||||||
| -100 shock | (0.3)% | |||||||
| +100 shock | (0.6)% | |||||||
| +200 shock | (1.5)% | |||||||
The net changes in NII presented in the preceding table are within the parameters approved by our Board of Directors.
Future changes in our mix of assets and liabilities may result in greater changes to our EVE, and/or NII simulations.
In the event that our EVE and NII sensitivities were to breach our internal policy limits, we would undertake the following actions to ensure that appropriate remedial measures were put in place:
•In formulating appropriate strategies, the ALCO would ascertain the primary causes of the variance from policy tolerances, the expected term of such conditions, and the projected effect on capital and earnings.
•Our ALCO would inform the Board of Directors of the variance, and present recommendations to the Board regarding proposed courses of action to restore conditions to within-policy tolerances.
Where temporary changes in market conditions or volume levels result in significant increases in risk, strategies may involve reducing open positions or employing other balance sheet management activities including the potential use of derivatives to reduce the risk exposure. Where variance from policy tolerances is triggered by more fundamental imbalances in the risk profiles of core loan and deposit products, a remedial strategy may involve restoring balance through natural hedges to the extent possible before employing synthetic hedging techniques. Other strategies might include:
•Asset restructuring, involving sales of assets having higher risk profiles, or a gradual restructuring of the asset mix over time to affect the maturity or repricing schedule of assets;
•Liability restructuring, whereby product offerings and pricing are altered or wholesale borrowings are employed to affect the maturity structure or repricing of liabilities;
•Expansion or shrinkage of the balance sheet to correct imbalances in the repricing or maturity periods between assets and liabilities; and/or
•Use or alteration of off-balance sheet positions, including interest rate swaps, caps, floors, options, and forward purchase or sales commitments.
Regulatory Capital
Prior to October 17, 2025, Flagstar Financial, Inc. was a bank holding company subject to regulation, examination and supervision by the Federal Reserve while the Bank was a national bank subject to regulation, examination, and supervision by the OCC. Following the elimination of Flagstar Financial, Inc. as a result of the completion of the Reorganization, the Bank remains a national bank and our only primary federal banking regulator is the OCC. The Bank is not subject to the enhanced prudential standards established by the Federal Reserve of Category IV bank holding companies which previously applied to Flagstar Financial, Inc. The Bank continues to be subject to prudential standards applicable to national banks:
•The OCC’s capital adequacy standards that establish minimum capital requirements and overall capital adequacy standards.
•The Prompt Corrective Action regulatory capital framework that establishes five categories of capital adequacy ranging from “well capitalized” to “critically undercapitalized.” An institution’s capital category affects various matters, including legal requirements for regulators to take prompt corrective action and the level of a bank’s FDIC deposit insurance premium assessments. Capital amounts and classifications are subject to the regulators’ qualitative
27
Table of Contents
judgments about the components of capital and risk weighting assets, among other factors. Regulators have the discretion to require capital to be maintained in excess of minimum levels.
•Under regulatory heightened standards, a risk governance framework that is required to be developed and maintained to manage and control the risk-taking activities of the Bank. Management has developed a written framework and is implementing the various components in an integrated fashion as underlying business processes mature. Heightened standards also require risk limits, metrics, and analytics which monitor the size and direction of key risks in the organization. We have established risk limits which are monitored by the Board of Directors and are continuing to enhance related metrics and analytics.
Separately, as an insured depository institution with $50 billion or more in assets, we are subject to the FDIC resolution plan rule. This requires us to have full resolution plans discussing how we could be rapidly and orderly resolved in the event of material financial distress or failure. We developed our resolution plan in alignment with the FDIC’s requirements, and, following the Board’s approval, we submitted a full resolution plan to the FDIC prior to its due date of July 1, 2025.
As of September 30, 2025, our capital measures continued to exceed the minimum federal requirements for a bank holding company and for a bank. The following tables set forth the common equity tier 1, tier 1 risk-based, total risk-based, and leverage capital amounts and ratios for the Company on a consolidated basis and for the Bank on a stand-alone basis, as well as the respective minimum regulatory capital requirements, as of the dates shown:
The following table presents the Company's consolidated regulatory capital position:
| Risk-Based Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | Common Equity Tier 1 | Tier 1 | Total | Leverage Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital | $ | 7,828 | 12.45 | % | $ | 8,331 | 13.25 | % | $ | 10,015 | 15.92 | % | $ | 8,331 | 9.03 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Minimum for capital adequacy purposes | 2,830 | 4.50 | 3,774 | 6.00 | 5,032 | 8.00 | 3,691 | 4.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excess | $ | 4,998 | 7.95 | % | $ | 4,557 | 7.25 | % | $ | 4,983 | 7.92 | % | $ | 4,640 | 5.03 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital | $ | 7,997 | 11.83 | % | $ | 8,501 | 12.57 | % | $ | 10,238 | 15.14 | % | $ | 8,501 | 7.68 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Minimum for capital adequacy purposes | 3,043 | 4.50 | 4,057 | 6.00 | 5,409 | 8.00 | 4,428 | 4.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excess | $ | 4,954 | 7.33 | % | $ | 4,444 | 6.57 | % | $ | 4,829 | 7.14 | % | $ | 4,073 | 3.68 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
The increase in the Company's capital ratios from December 31, 2024 was primarily a result of lower risk-weighted assets due to a reduction in Loans and leases held for investment.
The following table presents the Bank's regulatory capital position:
| Risk-Based Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2025 | Common Equity Tier 1 | Tier 1 | Total | Leverage Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital | $ | 8,832 | 14.05 | % | $ | 8,832 | 14.05 | % | $ | 9,622 | 15.31 | % | $ | 8,832 | 9.58 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Minimum for capital adequacy purposes | 2,828 | 4.50 | 3,770 | 6.00 | 5,027 | 8.00 | 3,689 | 4.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excess | $ | 6,004 | 9.55 | % | $ | 5,062 | 8.05 | % | $ | 4,595 | 7.31 | % | $ | 5,143 | 5.58 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital | $ | 8,912 | 13.21 | % | $ | 8,912 | 13.21 | % | $ | 9,760 | 14.47 | % | $ | 8,912 | 8.05 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Minimum for capital adequacy purposes | 3,036 | 4.50 | 4,048 | 6.00 | 5,398 | 8.00 | 4,426 | 4.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Excess | $ | 5,876 | 8.71 | % | $ | 4,864 | 7.21 | % | $ | 4,362 | 6.47 | % | $ | 4,486 | 4.05 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
At September 30, 2025, the Company's total risk-based capital ratio exceeded the minimum requirement for capital adequacy purposes by 792 basis points and the fully phased-in capital conservation buffer by 542 basis points.
At September 30, 2025, the Bank also exceeded the minimum capital requirements to be categorized as “Well Capitalized.” To be categorized as well capitalized, a bank must maintain a minimum common equity tier 1 ratio of 6.50 percent; a minimum tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8 percent; a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 10 percent; and a minimum leverage capital ratio of 5 percent.
28
Table of Contents
Other Recent Developments
Internal Control over Financial Reporting Remediation
We identified certain material weaknesses in management's report on internal control over financial reporting included within Item 9A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Our progress toward remediation as of September 30, 2025 is discussed within Item 4 Part I of this Form 10-Q. We do not expect the operational costs to remediate these material weaknesses to be material to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Various elements of our accounting policies, by their nature, are subject to estimation techniques, valuation assumptions and other subjective assessments. Certain accounting policies that, due to the judgment, estimates and assumptions used, are critical to an understanding of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes, are described in detail in Note 2 of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. These policies relate to: (a) the determination of our ACL and (b) fair value measurements. We believe the judgment, estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes are reasonable; however, due to the inherent uncertainties in developing estimates, actual results could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to these balances in future periods.
29
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition
(unaudited)
Table of Contents
| ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | ||||
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share data) | (unaudited) | ||||||||||
| ASSETS: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Securities: | |||||||||||
Debt securities available-for-sale | |||||||||||
| Equity investments with readily determinable fair values, at fair value | |||||||||||
Total securities | |||||||||||
Loans held for sale | |||||||||||
Loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred loan fees and costs | |||||||||||
Less: Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases, held for investment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment, net | |||||||||||
| Federal Home Loan Bank stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost | |||||||||||
| Premises and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Core deposit and other intangibles | |||||||||||
| Bank-owned life insurance | |||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: | |||||||||||
| Deposits: | |||||||||||
| Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Savings accounts | |||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||
| Non-interest-bearing accounts | |||||||||||
| Total deposits | |||||||||||
| Borrowed funds: | |||||||||||
Wholesale borrowings | |||||||||||
| Junior subordinated debentures | |||||||||||
| Subordinated notes | |||||||||||
| Total borrowed funds | |||||||||||
| Other liabilities | |||||||||||
Total liabilities | |||||||||||
Commitment and contingencies (refer to Note 17) | |||||||||||
| Mezzanine equity: | |||||||||||
Preferred stock - Series B | |||||||||||
| Stockholders' equity: | |||||||||||
Preferred stock - Series A and D | |||||||||||
Common stock at par $ shares issued; and | |||||||||||
| Paid-in capital in excess of par | |||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
Treasury stock, at cost ( | ( | ( | |||||||||
AOCL, net of tax | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
Total liabilities, mezzanine and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
30
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income
(unaudited)
Table of Contents
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share data) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
| INTEREST INCOME: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans and leases | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Securities and money market investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| INTEREST EXPENSE: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Savings accounts | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowed funds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total interest expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income after provision for credit losses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NON-INTEREST INCOME: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fee income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank-owned life insurance | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gain on investment securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net return on mortgage servicing rights | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net gain on loan sales and securitizations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loan administration (loss) income | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bargain purchase gain | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NON-INTEREST EXPENSE: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| FDIC insurance | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Occupancy and equipment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible asset amortization | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Merger-related expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-interest expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) before income taxes | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Preferred stock dividends | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Basic (loss) per common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Diluted (loss) per common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
31
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income
(unaudited)
Table of Contents
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities available for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pension and post-retirement obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedges | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) of items included in other comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities available for sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Pension and post-retirement obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedges | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements
32
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
(unaudited)
Table of Contents
| (in millions, except share data) | Shares Outstanding | Preferred Stock A (Par Value: $ | Common Stock (Par Value: $ | Paid-in Capital in excess of Par | (Accumulated deficit)/Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock, at Cost | AOCL, Net of Tax | Total Stockholders’ Equity | Preferred Stock Mezzanine (Par Value: $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures | — | — | ( | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid on common stock ($ | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($ | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of common stock | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of Common Shares for the Conversion of Series B preferred, net | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures | — | — | ( | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid on common stock ($ | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($ | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of common stock | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
33
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
(unaudited)
Table of Contents
| (in millions, except share data) | Shares Outstanding | Preferred Stock A (Par Value: $ | Common Stock (Par Value: $ | Paid-in Capital in excess of Par | (Accumulated deficit)/Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock, at Cost | AOCL, Net of Tax | Total Stockholders’ Equity | Preferred Stock Mezzanine (Par Value: $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures | — | — | ( | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid on common stock ($ | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($ | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of common stock | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of mezzanine preferred stock Series B, net ( | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of mezzanine preferred stock Series C, net ( | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Commons Shares and Conversion of Series B preferred to common shares, net | — | — | — | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Common Shares for the Conversion of Series C preferred, net | — | — | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Common Shares for March 2024 capital raise | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of warrants to purchase common shares | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures | — | — | ( | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid on common stock ($ | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid on preferred stock Series A ($ | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of common stock | ( | — | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at September 30, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
34
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
Table of Contents
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| (in millions) | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||||||
Net (loss) | $ | ( | ( | ||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: | |||||||||||
Provision for credit losses | |||||||||||
| Amortization of intangibles | |||||||||||
| Depreciation | |||||||||||
| Amortization of discounts and premiums, net | |||||||||||
Net gain on securities | ( | ||||||||||
Net gain on sales of loans and securitizations | ( | ( | |||||||||
Bargain purchase gain adjustment | |||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||
| Deferred tax expense | ( | ( | |||||||||
Other operating activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
Decrease (increase) in other miscellaneous assets | ( | ||||||||||
(Decrease) increase in other miscellaneous liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
| Change in loans held for sale, net | ( | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) by operating activities | ( | ||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from repayment of securities available for sale | |||||||||||
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale including loans that have been securitized | |||||||||||
| Purchase of securities available for sale | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock | |||||||||||
| Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance, net | |||||||||||
Net proceeds from sales of MSR's | |||||||||||
Other changes in loans, net | |||||||||||
Purchases of premises and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
Other investing activities | |||||||||||
Net cash provided by investing activities | |||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | |||||||||||
Net decrease in deposits | ( | ||||||||||
Net decrease in short-term borrowed funds | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from long-term borrowed funds | |||||||||||
| Repayments of long-term borrowed funds | ( | ( | |||||||||
Net receipt (disbursement) of payments of loans serviced for others | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash dividends paid on common stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash dividends paid on preferred stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
Proceeds from common stock and warrants issued, net | |||||||||||
Proceeds from preferred stock issued, net | |||||||||||
| Payments relating to treasury shares received for restricted stock award tax payments | ( | ( | |||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | ( | ||||||||||
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash | ( | ||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period | |||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental information: | |||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | ||||||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | |||||||||||
| Non-cash investing and financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Transfers to repossessed assets from loans | $ | ||||||||||
Securitization of loans to mortgage-backed securities available for sale | |||||||||||
| Transfer of loans from held for investment to held for sale | |||||||||||
| Shares issued for restricted stock awards | |||||||||||
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
35
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Note 1 - Organization and Basis of Presentation
Organization
Flagstar Financial, Inc. was organized under Delaware law on July 20, 1993, and, prior to the completion of the Reorganization (as defined below) on October 17, 2025, was the holding company for Flagstar Bank, N.A. (hereinafter referred to as the “Bank”). We are headquartered in Hicksville, New York with regional headquarters in Troy, Michigan.
Prior to the completion of the Reorganization (as defined below) on October 17, 2025, Flagstar Financial, Inc. was subject to regulation, examination and supervision by the Federal Reserve. The Bank is a National Association, subject to federal regulation and oversight by the OCC. Following the elimination of Flagstar Financial, Inc. as a result of the completion of the Reorganization, effective as of October 17, 2025, our only primary federal banking regulator is the OCC.
We operate approximately 340 locations across nine states, with strong footholds in the greater New York/New Jersey metropolitan region and in the upper Midwest, along with a significant presence in fast-growing markets in Florida and the West Coast.
Effective October 17, 2025, the Bank became the successor reporting company to Flagstar Financial, Inc. pursuant to an internal corporate reorganization to eliminate the Bank’s holding company structure (the “Reorganization”). In connection with the completion of the transaction, Flagstar Financial, Inc. was merged with and into the Bank (the “Merger”), with the Bank continuing as the surviving entity. The Bank’s common stock, as well as depositary shares representing interests in the Bank's Series A preferred stock and the BONUSES Units, was registered with the Bank’s primary banking regulator, the OCC, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and will be subject to federal regulation and oversight by the OCC. As part of the Reorganization, the Bank increased the authorized number of common shares by 250 million shares which can be used for general corporate purposes.
The Bank assumed Flagstar Financial, Inc.'s debt obligations, equity incentive plans, equity compensation plans, and other compensation plans as a result of the Merger. Additionally, immediately after the Merger, the Bank had substantially the same consolidated assets, liabilities, and stockholders' equity as Flagstar Financial, Inc.immediately prior to the Merger.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and other entities in which we have a controlling financial interest. Our accompanying financial statements conform to GAAP and to general practices within the banking industry. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
36
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Note 2 - Earnings Per Common Share
Earnings per Common Share (Basic and Diluted)
EPS is calculated under the two-class method as the unvested RSUs granted by the Company are considered participating securities due to the awards' non-forfeitable rights to dividends paid on our common stock. Under the two-class method, all earnings, distributed and undistributed, are allocated to common stock and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends on our common stock.
Basic and diluted earnings per share are computed by dividing Net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding in the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by giving effect to all potentially dilutive securities that are outstanding. The potential dilutive effect of our warrants and convertible preferred stock is determined using the if-converted method and the potential dilutive effect of our stock options and stock-based awards is determined using the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share in periods where the effect would be antidilutive.
The following table reflects basic and diluted weighted average shares and net loss per share:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) attributable to common stockholders | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
Less: Income allocated to participating securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) attributable to common stock | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic (loss) per common share | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
(Loss) attributable to common stock | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dilutive potential common shares | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shares for diluted earnings per common share computation | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted (loss) per common share and common share equivalents | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
37
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Note 3 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The table below summarizes the changes in AOCL, net of tax:
Debt Securities AFS | Cash Flow Hedges | Pension and Post-retirement Plans | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification, net of tax(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts reclassified from AOCL, net of tax | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification, net of tax(1) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts reclassified from AOCL, net of tax | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification, net of tax(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts reclassified from AOCL, net of tax | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification, net of tax(2) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts reclassified from AOCL, net of tax | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
(1)During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the tax impact on amount of gain (loss) recognized in AOCL on cash flow hedges was immaterial 18 ) million and $(71 ) million, respectively.
(2)During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the tax impact on amount of gain (loss) recognized in AOCL on cash flow hedges was immaterial and $(36 ) million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the tax impact on amount of gain (loss) recognized in debt securities AFS was $(56 ) million and $(40 ) million, respectively.
At September 30, 2025, we had $31 million (net-of-tax) of unrealized gains related to terminated cash flow hedges recorded in AOCL. We had $47 million (net-of-tax) of unrealized gains related to terminated cash flow hedges recorded in AOCL at December 31, 2024.
38
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Amounts reported in AOCL related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on our variable-rate borrowings. We will recognize $27 million of lower interest expense over the next rolling twelve-month period related to the reclassification.
The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from AOCL, net of tax:
Amount Reclassified out of AOCL | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | Affected Line Item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash Flow Hedges: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Realized gain on cash flow hedges | $ | $ | $ | $ | Interest expense - Borrowed funds | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit (expense) | ( | ( | ( | ( | Income tax (benefit) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pension and Post-retirement Plans: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of actuarial losses | ( | ( | ( | ( | General and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit (expense) | Income tax (benefit) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from AOCL, net of tax | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
39
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Note 4 - Investment Securities
Debt securities available-for-sale
The following tables summarize our portfolio of debt securities available for sale:
| September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gain | Gross Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities available for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-Related Debt Securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| GSE CMOs | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| GSE certificates | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Private label CMOs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total mortgage-related debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other Debt Securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| GSE debentures | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
U. S. treasury obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital trust notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Total debt securities available for sale, net of allowance(2)(3)(4) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)At September 30, 2025, substantially all of our debt securities available for sale are comprised of securities issued by GSEs or are explicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government.
(2)As of September 30, 2025, the ACL was $2 million.
(3)Excludes accrued interest receivable of $43 million included in in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition.
(4)We pledged investment securities of $14.8 billion as collateral for certain borrowings.
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gain | Gross Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities available for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-Related Debt Securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| GSE CMOs | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| GSE certificates | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Private label CMOs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total mortgage-related debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other Debt Securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| GSE debentures | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset-backed securities (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital trust notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Total securities available for sale, net of allowance(2)(3)(4) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)At December 31, 2024, substantially all of our debt securities available for sale are comprised of securities issued by GSEs or are explicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government.
(2)As of December 31, 2024, the ACL was $3 million.
(3)Excludes accrued interest receivable of $35 million included in in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition.
40
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
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Table of Contents
There were $10 million and $85 million of available-for-sale securities sold during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively and no
There were no no realized gains and losses on sales of available-for-sale securities in the three months ended September 30, 2024 and less than $1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
The following table summarizes, by contractual maturity, the fair value of securities at September 30, 2025:
| Mortgage- Related Securities | U.S. Government and GSE Obligations | Corporate and Other Bonds | Asset-Backed Securities | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Available-for-Sale Debt Securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due within one year | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due from one to five years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due from five to ten years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due after ten years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total debt securities available for sale, net of allowance | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table presents debt securities having a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and for twelve months or longer as of September 30, 2025:
Number of Debt Securities(1) | Less than Twelve Months | Twelve Months or Longer | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | Unrealized Loss | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities in a continuous unrealized loss position: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GSE CMOs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Government agency and GSE obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GSE certificates | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital trust notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Label CMOs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total debt securities in a continuous unrealized loss position | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Count of securities that have been in a loss position for twelve or more months.
41
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
The following table presents debt securities having a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and for twelve months or longer as of December 31, 2024:
Number of Debt Securities(1) | Less than Twelve Months | Twelve Months or Longer | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | Unrealized Loss | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities in a continuous unrealized loss position: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GSE CMOs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Government agency and GSE obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GSE certificates | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital trust notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Label CMOs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign notes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total debt securities in a continuous unrealized loss position | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
We evaluate available-for-sale debt securities in unrealized loss positions at least quarterly to determine if an ACL is required. We also assess whether (i) we intend to sell, or (ii) it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of these criteria is met, any previously recognized allowances are charged off and the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income and recorded in Provision for credit losses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. Otherwise, we evaluate whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. If a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the expected amount to be collected is less than the amortized cost, an ACL is established for the shortfall, but not in excess of the difference between the amortized cost and the fair value. Any unrealized loss that has not been recorded through an ACL is recognized in Other comprehensive (loss) income.
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values
As of September 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, we held equity securities with readily determinable fair values of $55 million and $14 million, respectively. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized a gain of $21 million, which was recorded in Net gain on investment securities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. This gain resulted from our investment in Figure Technology Solutions, Inc., which obtained a readily determinable fair value upon the completion of its initial public offering. We are subject to a contractual restriction that prohibits the sale of our shares in Figure Technology Solutions, Inc. until the three months ended March 31, 2026. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recognized total gains of $21 million and $22 million, respectively, on all our equity investment securities, compared to an immaterial
Federal Reserve and Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
We also carry shares in the following entities at cost:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||
FHLB-Indianapolis | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
FHLB-New York | ||||||||||||||
Federal Reserve Bank stock | ||||||||||||||
42
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Note 5 - Loans and Leases
We classify loans that we have the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity as loans held for investment. We report loans held for investment at their amortized cost, which includes the outstanding principal balance adjusted for any unamortized premiums, discounts, deferred fees or fair value adjustments for acquired loans.
We classify loans as held for sale when we originate or purchase loans that we intend to sell or when we change our intent for loans previously classified as held for investment. Loans held for sale for which we have elected the fair value option are carried at fair value. Loans originally classified as held for investment for which we had changed our intent and are now classified as held for sale, are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. The fair value is estimated based on quoted market prices for securities backed by similar types of loans, where available, or by discounting estimated cash flows using observable inputs inclusive of interest rates, prepayment speeds and loss assumptions for similar collateral.
The composition of our loan portfolio for the periods indicated was as follows:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
| Amount | Percent of Loans Held for Investment | Amount | Percent of Loans Held for Investment | ||||||||||||||
Loans and leases held for investment: | |||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | % | $ | % | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | % | % | |||||||||||||||
Commercial and industrial(2) | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| Other | % | % | |||||||||||||||
Total loans and leases held for investment (3)(4) | $ | % | $ | % | |||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases held for investment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale | |||||||||||||||||
| Total loans and leases, net | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
(2)Includes lease financing receivables (net of unearned income of $137 million and $169 million) of $1.8 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively.
(3)Excludes accrued interest receivable of $260 million and $277 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which is included in in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition.
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Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Non-Accrual Loans
A loan generally is classified as a non-accrual loan when it is 90 days or more past due or when it is deemed to be impaired because the Company no longer expects to collect principal and interest in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When a loan is classified as non-accrual, we cease recording interest income, and any previously accrued and uncollected interest is reversed against Interest income - Loans and leases on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of (Loss) Income. Interest received on non-accrual loans is recorded as a reduction to the principal outstanding. A loan is only returned to accrual status when the loan is current (typically a minimum of six months of payment performance) and we have reasonable assurance that the loan will be fully collectible. When we have reasonable assurance that the loan will be fully collectible, then interest payments may be recognized in interest income on a cash basis. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 there was an immaterial amount of interest income recognized on non-accrual loans classified as held for investment. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 we had no
When management determines that foreclosure is probable for loans that are individually evaluated, the expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral adjusted for selling costs. When the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, the collateral-dependent practical expedient has been elected and expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. For CRE loans, collateral properties include office buildings, warehouse/distribution buildings, shopping centers, apartment buildings, and residential and commercial tract developments. The primary source of repayment on these loans is expected to come from the sale, permanent financing or lease of the real property collateral. CRE loans are impacted by fluctuations in collateral values, as well as the ability of the borrower to obtain permanent financing.
The following table summarizes the recorded investment of our collateral-dependent loans held for investment by collateral type as of September 30, 2025:
| Real Property | |||||
| Multi-family | $ | ||||
Commercial real estate(1) | |||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | |||||
| Commercial and industrial | |||||
| Total collateral-dependent loans held for investment | $ | ||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $29 million and $41 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans in the process of foreclosure.
Delinquencies
The following table presents information regarding the delinquency status of our loans held for investment at September 30, 2025:
Current | Loans 30-89 Days Past Due | Non-Accrual Loans | Total Loans Receivable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and industrial(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
(2)Includes lease financing receivables.
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Table of Contents
The following table presents information regarding the delinquency status of our loans held for investment at December 31, 2024:
Current | Loans 30-89 Days Past Due | Non-Accrual Loans | Total Loans Receivable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and industrial(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
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Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
The following table presents the credit rating by vintage for our loans held for investment as of September 30, 2025:
Term Loans | Revolving Loans | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost Basis by Closing Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior To 2021 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-family: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Multi-family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Real Estate:(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Commercial Real Estate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-Four Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total One-to-Four Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and Industrial(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Commercial and Industrial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Other Loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
(2)Includes lease financing receivables.
46
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
The following table presents the credit rating by vintage for our loans held for investment as of December 31, 2024:
Term Loans | Revolving Loans | Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost Basis by Closing Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior To 2020 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-family: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Multi-family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Real Estate:(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Commercial Real Estate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-Four Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total One-to-Four Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and Industrial(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Commercial and Industrial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Other Loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year to date gross charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
The classifications in the preceding tables are the most currently available and generally have been updated within the last twelve months. In addition, they follow regulatory guidelines and can generally be described as follows: pass loans are of satisfactory quality; special mention loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention; substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged (these loans have a well-defined weakness and there is a possibility that we will sustain some loss); and non-accrual loans, which based on existing circumstances, have weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable.
Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
When borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty, we may make certain loan modifications as part of loss mitigation strategies to maximize expected payment. Modifications provided to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulties are in the form of principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction or a term extension.
47
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, loans totaling $8 million and $3 million, respectively, were modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 there were $26 million and $32 million, respectively, of such loans.
The following table describes the financial effect of the modification made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
| Interest Rate Reduction | Term Extension | ||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average contractual interest rate | |||||||||||||||||
| From | To | Weighted-Average Term (in years) | |||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | % | % | |||||||||||||||
Other | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| Nine Months ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | % | % | |||||||||||||||
Other | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| Nine Months ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | % | % | |||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | % | % | |||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | % | % | |||||||||||||||
Other | % | % | |||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
48
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of the modifications for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that subsequently defaulted and were within twelve months of the modification date:
| Term Extension | Principal Forgiveness | Combination - Interest Rate Reduction and Term/Payment Extension/Delay | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months ended September 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
49
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
We closely monitor the performance of loans in which modifications were made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of modification efforts.
| September 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current | 30 - 89 Past Due | 90+ Past Due | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
The following table provides a summary of loan balances at September 30, 2024, which were modified during the prior twelve months, by class of financing receivable and delinquency status:
| September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current | 30 - 89 Past Due | 90+ Past Due | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-family | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
Loans with Government Guarantees
Substantially all LGG are insured or guaranteed by the FHA or the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Repurchased loans in this portfolio earn interest at a rate based upon the 10-year U.S. Treasury note rate from the time the underlying loan becomes 60 days delinquent until the loan is conveyed to HUD (if foreclosure timelines are met), which is not paid by the FHA until claimed. Certain loans within our portfolio may be subject to indemnifications and insurance limits which expose us to limited credit risk. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, LGG totaled $354 million and $360 million, respectively.
50
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Note 6 - Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Leases
The following table summarizes activity in the ACL on loans and leases for the periods indicated:
| Multi- Family | Commercial Real Estate(1) | One-to-Four Family First Mortgage | Commercial and Industrial | Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recoveries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on loans and leases | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recoveries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on loans and leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recoveries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on loans and leases | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charge-offs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recoveries | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on loans and leases | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
Interest rates remain high as compared to the interest rates in our existing portfolio, which continues to put pressure on the ability of certain borrowers with interest rates resetting to cover debt service. When combined with inflationary pressure on operating costs and limits on the ability to increase rental rates, debt service levels may approach or exceed some properties' net operating income, which increases the risk of loss.
The ACL to total loans and leases held for investment ratio at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was 1.71 percent and 1.76 percent, respectively. We believe that higher interest rates for a longer period of time will have a more significant impact on our loans that will reprice during the reasonable and supportable forecast period. Therefore, we have continued to incorporate a higher probability of default for those loans approaching their scheduled repricing date in the measurement of our ACL.
Our ACL is determined based on quantitative modeling that incorporates and weighs economic forecast scenarios. The key inputs to our quantitative ACL models include borrowers' projected debt service based on the most recent financial information available and underlying collateral property values. Property values are particularly meaningful for our multi-family and CRE portfolios. Our models consider the entire life of the loan, including both the interest-only period of the loan, if applicable, and the amortization period, to assess the probability of default and the loss-given default. For our multi-family portfolio, we obtain and utilize current and projected geography-specific market information in our forecasts. In estimating the qualitative component of our ACL, we have adjusted key inputs used by the model on an average basis for certain loans, most notably net operating income and property values, to reflect weaknesses in the underlying data, including the recency of appraisal values, and the lack of significant loss history in available data, particularly for office and multi-family loans and, most notably, rent-regulated multi-family loans.
51
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
We charge off loans, or portions of loans, when they are deemed uncollectible. The collectability of individual loans is determined through an assessment of the financial condition and repayment capacity of the borrower and/or through an estimate of the fair value of any underlying collateral. For non-real estate-related consumer credits, the following past-due time periods determine when charge-offs are typically recorded: (1) closed-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 120 days past due; (2) open-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 180 days past due; and (3) both closed-end and open-end credits are typically charged off in the quarter that the credit is 60 days past the date the Company received notification that the borrower has filed for bankruptcy.
The following table presents additional information about our non-accrual loans at September 30, 2025:
| Non-accrual loans with no related allowance: | Non-accrual loans with an allowance recorded: | Total Non-Accrual loans | Related Allowance | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial and Industrial | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
The following table presents additional information about our non-accrual loans at December 31, 2024:
| Non-accrual loans with no related allowance: | Non-accrual loans with an allowance recorded: | Total Non-Accrual loans | Related Allowance | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Multi-family | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and Industrial | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
52
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
Note 7 - Leases, Premises and Equipment
Lessor Arrangements
Interest income on lease financing is recorded over the lease term and recorded in Interest income - Loans and leases on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income on lease financing | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Lessee Arrangements
We have operating leases for offices, branches, equipment and other items, generally with terms of 20 years or less. Many of our leases contain options to extend or terminate early and we consider these options when evaluating the lease term to determine if they are reasonably certain to be exercised based on all relevant economic and financial factors.
At lease inception, lease liabilities are recognized in Other liabilities based on the present value of remaining lease payments, discounted using our incremental borrowing rate if no implicit rate in the lease is available. Right-of-use assets, recognized in Other assets, represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and are initially equal to the lease liability, adjusted for any payments made prior to lease commencement and any lease incentives.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Supplemental balance sheet information related to our operating lease arrangements is presented below:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Operating Leases: | |||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
| $ | $ | ||||||||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term | |||||||||||
| Weighted average discount rate % | % | % | |||||||||
53
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
The table below presents the supplemental cash flow information related to the leases:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | $ | |||||||||
Premises and Equipment
The table below presents our Premises and equipment:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
Premises and equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
Less: Accumulated depreciation | ( | ( | |||||||||
Premises and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
The table below presents our depreciation expense:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation expense(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Included in Occupancy and equipment expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income
Note 8 - Variable Interest Entities
An entity that has a controlling financial interest in a VIE is referred to as the primary beneficiary and consolidates the VIE. An entity is deemed to have a controlling financial interest and is the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and an obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
We have no
Note 9 - Borrowed Funds
The following table summarizes the Company’s borrowed funds:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||
| Wholesale borrowings: | |||||||||||
| FHLB advances | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Total wholesale borrowings | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Junior subordinated debentures | |||||||||||
| Subordinated notes | |||||||||||
| Total borrowed funds | $ | $ | |||||||||
Accrued interest on borrowed funds is included in Other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition and amounted to $47 million and $51 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
54
Flagstar Financial, Inc.
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Table of Contents
FHLB Advances
The contractual maturities and the next call dates of FHLB advances outstanding at September 30, 2025 were as follows:
| Contractual Maturity | Earlier of Contractual Maturity or Next Call Date | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Year | Amount | Weighted Average Interest Rate | Amount | Weighted Average Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2032 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total FHLB advances | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Our FHLB available capacity has been expanded from overnight funding to 12-month tenor on new and rollover of existing advances. Our FHLB available capacity was $5.4 billion and $6.6 billion at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Our FHLB advances include fixed-rate advances, floating-rate advances and advances under the FHLB convertible advance program, which gives the FHLB the option of either calling the advance after an initial lock-out period of up to five years and quarterly thereafter until maturity, or a one-time call at the initial call date.
At September 30, 2025, total borrowed funds decreased $1.2 billion compared to December 31, 2024 primarily due to the repayment of $250 million and $1.0 billion of FHLB advances upon maturity during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively.
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Junior Subordinated Debentures
We had $610
The following table presents contractual terms of the junior subordinated debentures outstanding at September 30, 2025:
| Issuer | Interest Rate of Capital Securities and Debentures | Junior Subordinated Debentures Amount Outstanding | Capital Securities Amount Outstanding | Date of Original Issue | Stated Maturity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
New York Community Capital Trust V (BONUSES Units) (1) | % | $ | $ | November 04, 2002 | November 01, 2051 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
New York Community Capital Trust X (2) | % | December 14, 2006 | December 15, 2036 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PennFed Capital Trust III (2) | % | June 02, 2003 | June 15, 2033 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
New York Community Capital Trust XI (2) | % | April 16, 2007 | June 30, 2037 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust II (2)(3) | % | December 26, 2002 | December 26, 2032 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust III (2)(3) | % | February 19, 2003 | April 7, 2033 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust IV (2)(3) | % | March 19, 2003 | March 19, 2033 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust V (2)(3) | % | December 29, 2004 | January 07, 2035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust VI (2)(3) | % | March 30, 2005 | April 7, 2035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust VII (2)(3) | % | March 29, 2005 | June 15, 2035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust VIII (2)(3) | % | September 22, 2005 | October 7, 2035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust IX (2)(3) | % | June 28, 2007 | September 15, 2037 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flagstar Statutory Trust X (2)(3) | % | August 31, 2007 | September 15, 2037 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total junior subordinated debentures | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Callable subject to certain conditions as described in the prospectus filed with the SEC on November 4, 2002.
(2)Callable at any time.
(3)Excludes acquisition fair value adjustments of $26 million.
Subordinated Notes
At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had a total of $448 million and $444 million, respectively, of fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes outstanding:
| Date of Original Issue | Stated Maturity | Interest Rate | Original Issue Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||
(1) | November 6, 2018 | November 6, 2028 | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
(2) | October 28, 2020 | November 1, 2030 | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
(1)From and including the date of original issuance to, but excluding, November 6, 2023, the Notes bore interest at an initial rate of 5.90 percent per annum payable semi-annually. From and including November 6, 2023 to, but excluding, the maturity date, the interest rate will reset quarterly to an annual interest rate equal to the then-current three-month SOFR plus 304.16 basis points payable quarterly.
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Note 10 - Pension Benefits
The following table sets forth certain disclosures for our pension plan for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Components of net periodic pension expense (income):(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Expected return on plan assets | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of net actuarial loss | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net periodic expense (income) | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
(1)Amounts are included in General and administrative expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income
Note 11 - Federal, State, and Local Taxes
The following table sets forth the Company's income tax benefit and the effective tax rate for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
Effective tax rate | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
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Note 12 - Stock-Based Compensation
We issue stock-based compensation in the form of RSUs, PSUs, and stock options through the New York Community Bancorp, Inc. 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan. Additionally, we have also granted one-time stock options as employment inducement awards to certain key executives in accordance with Rule 303A.08 of the NYSE. As of September 30, 2025, we have authorized 7,063,627 shares available for grant. RSUs and PSUs are granted at the closing market price on the date of the grant. We generally utilize the Black-Scholes option pricing model to measure the fair value of stock options at the grant date. Forfeitures of RSUs, PSUs, and stock options are accounted for as they occur.
The following table presents total stock-based compensation expense and the related tax benefit for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted Stock
We granted 5,199,148 shares of restricted stock, which vest over a - to three-year period, with an average fair value of $11.57 per share on the date of grant, during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.
The following table provides a summary of activity with regard to RSUs:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||
| Number of Shares | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | ||||||||||
| Unvested at beginning of year | $ | ||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||||||||
| Unvested at end of period | |||||||||||
As of September 30, 2025, unrecognized compensation cost relating to unvested restricted stock totaled $90 million. This amount will be recognized over the remaining weighted average life of 2.2 years.
Stock Options
The following table summarizes stock option activity for the period indicated:
| Nine Months ended September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||
Number of Options | Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share | ||||||||||
Unvested at beginning of year | $ | ||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||
| Vested | ( | ||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||||||||
| Unvested at end of period | |||||||||||
Exercisable at end of period | |||||||||||
As of September 30, 2025, the remaining amount of unamortized compensation expense relating to stock options totaled $31 million. This amount will be recognized over the remaining weighted average life of 1.6 years.
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Note 13 - Derivative and Hedging Activities
Derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value in Other assets and Other liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition. Our policy is to present our derivative assets and derivative liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition on a gross basis, even when provisions allowing for set-off are in place. However, for derivative contracts cleared through certain central clearing parties, variation margin payments are recognized as settlements. We are exposed to non-performance risk by the counterparties to our various derivative financial instruments. A majority of our derivatives are centrally cleared through a Central Counterparty Clearing House or consist of residential mortgage interest rate lock commitments further limiting our exposure to non-performance risk. We may exchange cash collateral with derivative counterparties for initial margin or to cover the prior day's fair value of open positions. We believe that the non-performance risk inherent in our remaining derivative contracts is minimal based on credit standards and the collateral provisions of the derivative agreements.
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments. We maintain a derivative portfolio of interest rate swaps, foreign currency swaps, futures, swaptions and forward commitments used to manage exposure to changes in interest rates and MSR asset values and to meet the needs of customers. We also enter into interest rate lock commitments, which are commitments to originate mortgage loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding and the customers have locked into that interest rate. Market risk on interest rate lock commitments and mortgage loans held for sale is managed using corresponding forward sale commitments and U.S. Treasury futures. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are recognized in current period earnings on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments. We have historically designated certain interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges on overnight SOFR-based variable interest payments on FHLB advances. Beginning in the three months ended June 30, 2025, we have designated certain interest rate caps as cash flow hedges on overnight SOFR-based variable interest payments on FHLB advances. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in AOCL on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition and reclassified into Interest expense - Borrowed funds on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income in the same period in which the hedged transaction is recognized in earnings. Premiums paid on certain hedging instruments are accounted for separately from the hedge’s fair value and are amortized over the life of the derivative.
We have historically designated certain fixed-rate to variable-rate interest rate swaps as fair value hedges to hedge the changes in fair value of certain of our pools of fixed-rate assets. Beginning in the three months ended March 31, 2025, we designated certain fixed-rate to variable-rate interest rate swaps as fair value hedges to hedge the changes in fair value of certain debt securities available for sale. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as fair value hedges and the hedged item are recognized in Interest income within Loans and leases or Securities and money market investments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income. The fair value basis adjustments remaining from discontinued hedges are recognized in Interest income - Loans and leases on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income over the remaining life of the hedged items.
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The following tables set forth information regarding our derivative financial instruments:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notional Amount | Other Assets | Other Liabilities | Expiration Dates | Notional Amount | Other Assets | Other Liabilities | Expiration Dates | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps (fair value hedge) | $ | $ | $ | 2028-2029 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate caps (cash flow hedge) (1) | $ | $ | $ | 2028 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate lock commitments (2) | $ | $ | $ | 2025 | $ | $ | $ | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities forwards (2) | 2025 | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps (3) | 2025-2041 | 2024-2041 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Refer to Note 3 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss for additional information related to the change in fair value and the amount recognized in income.
(2)During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the amount recorded in Net gain on loan sales and securitizations in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income was immaterial immaterial and $20 million, respectively.
(3)During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the amount recorded in Fee income in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income was immaterial 45 million and immaterial , respectively.
The following amounts were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition related to items designated and qualifying as hedges items in a fair value hedging relationship:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Amount of Hedged Items | Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments | Carrying Amount of Hedged Items | Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments | ||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. treasury obligations | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| GSE CMOs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
GSE debentures | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities available-for-sale(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Loans and leases held-for-investment(2) | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||
(1)During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the amount recorded in Interest income - Securities and money market investments in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income was immaterial.
The tables below present the gross derivative assets and liabilities, and the related cash pledged as collateral at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. No amounts were netted in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition.
| September 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||
Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Condition | Cash Collateral Pledged (Received) | |||||||||||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: | ||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps (fair value hedge) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Interest rate caps (cash flow hedge) | ||||||||||||||
| Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | ||||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaptions | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Total derivative assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities forwards | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | ||||||||||||||
| Total derivative liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
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| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||
Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Statements of Condition | Cash Collateral Pledged (Received) | |||||||||||||
| Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: | ||||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities forwards | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||
| Interest rate swaptions | ( | |||||||||||||
| Total derivative assets | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities forwards | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | ||||||||||||||
| Total derivative liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
| September 30, 2025 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | ||||
Restricted cash included in other assets | |||||
Total | $ | ||||
Note 14 - Intangible Assets
At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, intangible assets consisted of the following:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Carrying Value | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net Carrying Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Core deposit intangible | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other intangible assets | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other intangible assets | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table presents our amortization expense for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Note 15 - Fair Value Measures
Fair value is an “exit” price, representing the amount that would be received when selling an asset, or paid when transferring a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Fair value is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
Valuation Hierarchy: GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the significant inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
•Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
•Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
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•Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants use in pricing an asset or liability.
The following tables present assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and that were included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition at those dates:
| September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)(1) | Total Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-related debt securities available for sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
GSE CMOs | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| GSE certificates | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Private label CMOs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total mortgage-related debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Other debt securities available for sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| GSE debentures | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
U. S. treasury obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Municipal bonds, foreign notes, and capital trust | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available for sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutual funds and common stock | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
One-to-four family first mortgage | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate lock commitments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets at fair value | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities forwards | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities at fair value | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)The change in the fair value due to significant unobservable inputs was immaterial.
(2)Includes ADC loans.
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| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)(1) | Total Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Mortgage-related debt securities available for sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
GSE CMOs | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| GSE certificates | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Private label CMOs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total mortgage-related debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Other debt securities available for sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| GSE debentures | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Municipal bonds, foreign notes, and capital trust | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other debt securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities available for sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutual funds and common stock | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| One-to-four family first mortgage | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swaps | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities forwards | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Rate lock commitments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage servicing rights | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets at fair value | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps and swaptions | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Rate lock commitments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities forwards | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities at fair value | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)The change in the fair value due to significant unobservable inputs was immaterial.
(2)Includes ADC loans.
A description of the methods and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair values of securities is as follows:
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government securities and exchange-traded securities.
If quoted market prices are not available for a specific security, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models. These pricing models primarily use market-based or independently-sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, models incorporate transaction details such as maturity and cash flow assumptions. Securities valued in this manner would generally be classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy, and primarily include such instruments as mortgage-related and corporate debt securities.
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Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
The following tables present assets that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:
Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2025 Using | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | Total Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held for investment(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other assets(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Represents the fair value of impaired loans, based primarily on the value of the collateral less costs to sell.
(2)Primarily comprised of equity securities without readily determinable fair values.
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2024 Using | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | Total Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held for investment(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other assets (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Represents the fair value of impaired loans, based primarily on the value of the collateral less costs to sell.
(2)Represents the fair value of repossessed assets, based on the appraised value of the collateral subsequent to its initial classification as repossessed assets and equity securities without readily determinable fair values. These equity securities are classified as Level 3 due to the infrequency of the observable prices and/or the restrictions on the shares.
The fair values of collateral-dependent impaired loans are determined using various valuation techniques, including consideration of appraised values and other pertinent real estate and market data.
Other Fair Value Disclosures
For the disclosure of fair value information about our on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments, when available, quoted market prices are used as the measure of fair value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on present-value estimates or other valuation techniques. Such fair values are significantly affected by the assumptions used, the timing of future cash flows, and the discount rate.
Because assumptions are inherently subjective in nature, estimated fair values cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent market quotes. Furthermore, in many cases, the estimated fair values provided would not necessarily be realized in an immediate sale or settlement of such instruments.
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The following tables summarize the carrying values, estimated fair values, and fair value measurement levels of financial instruments that were not carried at fair value on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition:
| September 30, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurement Using | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Value | Estimated Fair Value | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FHLB and FRB-NY stock (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and leases held for investment, net(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | $ | $ | $ | (3) | $ | (4) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowed funds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Carrying value and estimated fair value are at cost.
(2)Carrying value and estimated fair value include impaired loans held for investment.
(3)Includes interest-bearing checking and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts.
(4)Includes CDs.
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurement Using | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Value | Estimated Fair Value | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FHLB and FRB-NY stock (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans and leases held for investment, net(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | $ | $ | $ | (3) | $ | (4) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowed funds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Carrying value and estimated fair value are at cost.
(2)Carrying value and estimated fair value include impaired loans held for investment.
(3)Includes interest-bearing checking and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts.
(4)Includes CDs.
The methods and significant assumptions used to estimate fair values for the Company’s financial instruments follow:
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks and federal funds sold. The estimated fair values of cash and cash equivalents are assumed to equal their carrying values, as these financial instruments are either due on demand or have short-term maturities.
Securities
If quoted market prices are not available for a specific security, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows. These pricing models primarily use market-based or independently-sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, pricing models also incorporate transaction details such as maturities and cash flow assumptions.
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Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
Ownership in equity securities of the FHLB is generally restricted and there is no established liquid market for their resale.
Loans and leases
We disclose the fair value of loans measured at amortized cost using an exit price notion. We determine the fair value on substantially all of our loans for disclosure purposes, on an individual loan basis. The discount rates reflect current market rates for loans with similar terms to borrowers having similar credit quality on an exit price basis. For those loans where a discounted cash flow technique was not considered reliable, we used a quoted market price for each individual loan.
Deposits
The fair values of deposit liabilities with no stated maturity (i.e., interest-bearing checking and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts) are equal to the carrying amounts payable on demand. The fair values of CDs represent contractual cash flows, discounted using interest rates currently offered on deposits with similar characteristics and remaining maturities. These estimated fair values do not include the intangible value of core deposit relationships, which comprise a portion of our deposit base.
Borrowed Funds
The estimated fair value of borrowed funds is based either on bid quotations received from securities dealers or the discounted value of contractual cash flows with interest rates currently in effect for borrowed funds with similar maturities and structures.
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
Fair Value Option
We elected the fair value option for certain items as discussed throughout the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements to more closely align the accounting method with the underlying economic exposure.
The following table reflects the change in fair value included in earnings of financial instruments for which the fair value option has been elected:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gain on loan sales and securitizations | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
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The following table reflects the difference between the aggregate fair value and aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding for assets and liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unpaid Principal Balance | Fair Value | Fair Value Over / (Under) UPB | Unpaid Principal Balance | Fair Value | Fair Value Over / (Under) UPB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-accrual loans: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total non-accrual loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrual loans: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total accrual loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans held-for-investment | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note 16 - Mezzanine and Stockholders' Equity
The following table and paragraphs summarize our preferred stock as of September 30, 2025:
| Preferred Stock Series | Amount Outstanding | Shares Authorized | Shares Issued | Shares Outstanding | Par Value | Liquidation Preference Per Share | ||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Fixed Rate Perpetual Noncumulative Convertible Series B | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-Voting Common Equivalent Series D | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Series A Preferred stock
Each Series A preferred depositary share represents a 1/40th interest in a share of our Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series A Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share). Dividends accrue on the shares at a fixed rate equal to 6.375 percent per annum until March 17, 2027, and a floating rate equal to three-month SOFR plus 408.26 basis points per annum beginning on March 17, 2027. Dividends are payable in arrears on March 17, June 17, September 17, and December 17 of each year, which commenced on June 17, 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we paid $25 million of dividends on our Series A preferred stock.
Series B Preferred Stock
As of September 30, 2025, Series B Noncumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series B Preferred Stock") represented the right (on an as-converted basis) to receive approximately 250,000 shares of our common stock. Series B Preferred Stock shareholders do not have voting rights, except in limited circumstances.
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The Series B Preferred Stock is classified in mezzanine equity as it is contingently convertible into shares of preferred stock that are redeemable for cash, contingent on events that are not solely in our control. The Series B Preferred Stock is not remeasured because it is currently not probable that it will become redeemable. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we paid an immaterial amount of dividends on our Series B preferred stock.
Warrants
Warrants to purchase shares of Series D NVCE Stock, par value $0.01 per share, for an initial exercise price of $2,500 per share (collectively, the "Warrants"), were issued in conjunction with the March 2024 capital raise. The Warrants were not exercisable until September 10, 2024 and expire 7 years after issuance. Pursuant to the terms of the Warrants, as a result of the dividend paid on shares of our common stock, the exercise price of the Warrants was reduced to $2,481 as of September 30, 2025. At the time of issuance, the Warrants entitled the holders thereof to receive an aggregate of 315,000 shares of Series D NVCE Stock (subject to net settlement of shares) upon exercise of the Warrants. The 315,000 shares of Series D NVCE Stock are convertible into 105,000,000 shares of common stock at a strike price of $7.44 per share, as adjusted for dividends, as of September 30, 2025.
Note 17 - Commitments and Contingencies
Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit
In the normal course of business, we have various commitments outstanding to extend credit in the form of loan originations, as well as commercial, performance and financial stand-by letters of credit, which are not included on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition.
The following table summarizes our off-balance sheet commitments to originate loans and letters of credit:
| (in millions) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||
Multi-family and Commercial real estate(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| One-to-four family including interest rate locks | |||||||||||
| Other loan commitments | |||||||||||
| Total loan commitments | $ | $ | |||||||||
Stand-by letters of credit | |||||||||||
Total commitments(2) | $ | $ | |||||||||
(1)Includes ADC loans.
These commitments consist of agreements to extend credit as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract under which the loan is made. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. The fees we collect in connection with the issuance of letters of credit are included in Fee income in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Income.
These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk beyond the amount recognized on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Condition. Our exposure to credit losses in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The contractual amount of standby letters of credit represents the maximum potential amount of future payments that we could be required to make and represents our maximum credit risk. We utilize the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as we do for balance sheet instruments.
Legal Proceedings
We are involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of its business, including stockholder, class and derivative actions. The outcome of pending or threatened litigation, or of investigations or any other matters before regulatory agencies is uncertain, whether currently existing or commencing in the future, including with respect to any litigation, investigation or other regulatory actions related to: (i) the business and disclosure practices of acquired companies, including our acquisition of Flagstar Bancorp and the purchase and assumption of certain assets and liabilities of Signature Bridge Bank,
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N.A. (“Signature”), (ii) the capital raise transaction we completed in March of 2024, (iii) the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting disclosed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, (iv) past cyber security breaches, and (v) recent events and circumstances involving the Company, including our full year 2023 earnings announcement, disclosures regarding credit losses, provisioning and goodwill impairment, and negative news and expectations about the prospects of the Company (and associated stock price volatility and changes).
We have established an accrual related to the legal actions where we believe that a loss is probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. When we can do so, we also determine estimates of reasonably possible losses or ranges of reasonably possible losses, whether in excess of any related accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability. We currently estimate the range of reasonably possible losses in excess of amounts accrued at September 30, 2025 is immaterial.
There can be no assurance: (i) that we will not incur material losses due to damages, penalties, costs and/or expenses as a result of such litigation, investigations or regulatory proceedings, (ii) that the reserves we have established will be sufficient to cover such losses, or (iii) that such losses will not materially exceed such reserves and have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. We may incur significant legal expenses in defending such litigation, or as a result of its involvement in such investigations or regulatory proceedings, during the pendency of these matters, and in connection with any other potential cases, including expenses for the potential reimbursement of legal fees of officers and directors under indemnification obligations.
Signature Bridge Bank
On March 20, 2023, Flagstar Bank entered into a Purchase and Assumption Agreement (the “Agreement”) with the FDIC, as receiver of Signature, to acquire certain assets and assume certain liabilities of Signature (the “Signature Transaction”). In connection with the Signature Transaction, Flagstar Bank assumed all of Signature’s branches. Flagstar Bank acquired only certain parts of Signature it believed to be financially and strategically complementary that were intended to enhance its future growth.
Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, Flagstar Bank was not required to make a cash payment to the FDIC on March 20, 2023, as consideration for the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. Any items identified that affected the bargain gain were recorded in the period they were identified as a result of ongoing discussion that impacted the assets and liabilities acquired or assumed through the three months end March 31, 2024. Due to the complexity of the transaction that included only certain assets and liabilities of Signature and the servicing agreement, which ceased on March 20, 2024, Flagstar Bank remains engaged with the FDIC regarding the net settlement of historical activity. This is expected to take time to resolve and may result in net settlement payments to or from the FDIC which could impact other income or expense which, although not expected, could be material to the financial statements in future periods.
Note 18 - Segment Reporting
Our chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. We have evaluated our operating structure and determined that we operate in one reportable segment, which constitutes our only operating segment. Our chief operating decision maker regularly evaluates the performance of the business as a whole, with financial results reviewed on a consolidated basis.
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| Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | ||||
Our most significant risks include interest rate risk and market risk. For more information regarding interest rate risk please refer to the "Interest Rate Risk" section of the "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section of this Form 10-Q. There have been no changes with regard to our market risk disclosed in "Interest Rate Risk" in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
| Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | ||||
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, Management evaluated the effectiveness of design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b), as adopted by the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Management concluded its disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2025, due to the material weaknesses in its system of Internal Control over Financial Reporting, as described below. Notwithstanding the material weaknesses, Management evaluated its disclosure controls and procedures, and concluded the financial statements included in this report fairly present, in all material respects, Flagstar's financial position, results of operations, capital position, and cash flows, for the periods presented, in conformity with GAAP.
Per Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e), disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures designed to ensure information required to be disclosed in the reports Flagstar files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include activities designed to ensure information required to be disclosed in the reports that Flagstar files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in Internal Control over Financial Reporting, such that there exists a reasonable possibility a material misstatement in the annual or interim financial statements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Management has previously identified the following material weaknesses in its system of Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
Risk assessment: We lacked effective periodic risk assessment processes to identify and timely respond to emerging risks in certain financial reporting processes and related internal controls, including independent Credit Review, that were responsive to changes in the business operations and regulatory and economic environments in which Flagstar operates.
Monitoring: Our recurring monitoring activities over process level control activities, including independent Credit Review, were not operating effectively.
Control activities: We did not sufficiently maintain effective control activities related to independent Credit Review processes and certain loan data reconciliations. Specifically, our independent Credit Review process controls were ineffective as Flagstar lacked the consistent application of an appropriate framework to validate that the ratings were accurate, timely, and appropriately challenged. These ineffective controls impact the Company's ability to accurately disclose loan rating classifications, identify problem loans, and ultimately recognize the ACL on loans and leases.
As a result of these ineffective risk assessment, monitoring, and control activities, the Board of Directors were not able to exercise sufficient oversight.
These control deficiencies create a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement to the condensed consolidated financial statements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis, and therefore we concluded that the deficiencies represent material weaknesses in our Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
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Remediation Status of Reported Material Weaknesses
In early 2024, we appointed several new members to the Board of Directors with extensive experience as financial experts in our industry and backgrounds in risk management, including a new Lead Independent Director, a new Chairman of the Audit Committee and a new Chairman of the Risk Assessment Committee. The frequency of Audit Committee meetings increased substantially during 2024, with both Audit and Risk Assessment Committees dedicating sessions to evaluating credit risk in the portfolio. In addition, during 2025, we have added a combined joint session of the Risk Assessment Committee and the Audit Committee that occurs at least quarterly to discuss our ACL methodology and results.
Management has identified and has implemented, the following actions to address the material weakness in our risk assessment processes:
•Appointed a Chief Risk Officer, a Chief Credit Officer and a new Senior Director of Credit Review, all with large commercial bank credit experience.
•Enhanced the depth and breadth of our Independent Credit Review program to make the necessary changes in scoping approach, risk assessment and related processes, and elevating the overall stature of the Independent Credit Review function. We have improved the experience-level of the personnel performing credit reviews.
Management has taken the following actions to address the material weakness in our monitoring activities:
•Increased the frequency and nature of reporting from our Independent Credit Review function and First-Line Business Units to the Board’s Risk Assessment Committee in support of the Boards' risk oversight Management has identified and has implemented the following actions to address the material weakness in our control activities:
•Expanded the use of independent credit analysis and reduced our reliance on tools and analyses prepared by First-line Business Units.
•Increased the Credit Review team's ability and elevated its stature within the organization to independently challenge risk rating methodologies and results.
•Assessed the adequacy of staffing and resource levels and expertise within the Independent Credit Review function, considering the size, complexity, and risk profile of the loan portfolios. Management has enhanced the expertise and capacity of the Independent Credit Review function.
•Provided comprehensive risk rating process training to all employees involved in the lending and credit review processes.
•Enhanced processes to identify and assess risks associated with estimating the ACL and improving data governance processes.
•Increased credit review coverage of the portfolio. Approximately 700 borrowers representing $21.9 billion of loan balances were tested during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.
We continue to actively work to remediate the material weaknesses described above and are primarily in the sustainability and validation testing phase of remediation. We continue to assess our progress and whether any additional remediation steps or additional measures are needed to remediate the underlying causes of the material weaknesses, including the governance and oversight of our system of Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
While we believe our actions will be effective in remediating the material weaknesses, the material weaknesses will not be remediated until the remediation efforts we have taken are deemed to be sufficient through evidence of sustainability and Management concludes the remedial efforts are effective based upon validation testing.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Except for the actions noted above related to remediation of our material weaknesses, there have been no changes in our system of Internal Control over Financial Reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended September 30, 2025 to which this report relates, which materially affect, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our system of Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
| Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | ||||
We are involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of its business. Except as set forth below, all such actions in the aggregate involve amounts that are believed by management to be immaterial to the financial condition and results of operations of Flagstar.
Flagstar and certain former executive officers of Flagstar and certain current and former directors of Flagstar have been named as defendants in a consolidated purported shareholder class action captioned Lemm, Jr. v. New York Community Bancorp, Inc., et al., Case No. 1:24-cv-00903, filed on February 6, 2024 (and later amended on September 6, 2024) in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. This action seeks unspecified compensatory damages to be proven at trial, alleges violations of the federal securities laws, including Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) and SEC Rule 10b-5, with respect to disclosures concerning our business, operations and prospects, particularly regarding the impact of the Flagstar Bancorp and Signature transactions and the Bank’s CRE loan portfolio and related matters, that were made in our public SEC filings and press releases during the period beginning on July 27, 2022 and ending on February 29, 2024. In addition, plaintiffs allege claims of violations of various federal securities laws related to the registration statement filed by NYCB in connection with its merger with Flagstar in 2022.
On December 19, 2024, another purported shareholder of Flagstar filed an additional purported shareholder class action, captioned Garfield v. Flagstar Financial, Inc. et al., Case No. 1:24-cv-08655, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York against the Company and certain current and former directors and executive officers of Flagstar. This additional purported class action alleged substantially the same claims as those set forth in the Lemm complaint and the plaintiff has filed a motion to consolidate this matter with the Lemm matter. On April 28, 2025, the Court entered a stipulated order consolidating the Lemm and Garfield matters. The action formerly known as Lemm was then recaptioned by the Court to In re: New York Community Bancorp, Inc. Securities Litigation. We are vigorously defending the allegations set forth in the purported class action complaints and also intend to vigorously defend any related actions.
Flagstar and certain former executive officers of Flagstar and certain current and former directors of Flagstar were also been named as defendants in a consolidated shareholder class action captioned In re New York Community Bancorp and filed in the Commercial Division of the Supreme Court of New York State. This matter consolidates two separate actions brought by two different purported shareholders of the Company, which were consolidated into a single matter on October 8, 2024. The action sought unspecified compensatory damages to be proven at trial and alleged substantially the same claims as those set forth in the Lemm complaint. This matter was voluntarily dismissed with prejudice on May 12, 2025.
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Flagstar's former President and Chief Executive Officer and former Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, as well as all of Flagstar’s directors as of January 31, 2024, have also been named as defendants in the following purported shareholder derivative actions: Hauser v. Cangemi, et al., Case No. 1:24-cv-01207, filed on February 15, 2024 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York; Pierce v. Cangemi, et al., Case No. 1:24-cv-01408, filed on February 26, 2024 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York; Karp v. Cangemi et al., Case No. 1:24-cv-01421, filed on February 26, 2024 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York; Wang v. Cangemi et al. Case No. 1:24-cv-01422, filed on February 26, 2024 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York; and Podems v. Cangemi, et al., Case No. 608697/2024, filed on May 17, 2024 in the Supreme Court of the New York State (Nassau County). These actions, which also name Flagstar as a nominal defendant and seek unspecified compensatory damages and certain corporate governance and internal procedures reforms, allege claims of breach of fiduciary duty, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, unjust enrichment, and aiding and abetting with respect to the director defendants, and violations of Sections 10(b) and 21D of the Exchange Act with respect to the officer defendants. The allegations in the complaints relate to disclosures concerning our business, operations and prospects, particularly regarding the impact of the Flagstar Bancorp and Signature transactions and the Bank’s CRE loan portfolio and related matters, that were made in our public SEC filings and press releases during the period beginning on March 1, 2023 and ending on January 31, 2024, as well as the defendants’ management of Flagstar during such period. The parties filed a stipulated motion to consolidate and stay the related matters, pending the entry of a decision on the defendants' motions to dismiss in the related federal securities class action, which was granted by the court on August 18, 2025. The order re-captioned the action as In Re: New York Community Bank Stockholder Derivative Litigation. Plaintiffs filed a consolidated compliant on October 29, 2025. Flagstar has filed a notice to remove the Podems state derivative action to federal court. On March 3, 2025, the federal magistrate granted Podems’ motion to remand the derivative case back to New York state court. Flagstar filed an objection. On April 9, 2025, the judge entered an order adopting the Magistrate Judge’s Report and Recommendation recommending that the Court grant Plaintiff’s motion to remand the case to state court. Therefore, the Podems matter will now proceed in the Supreme Court of New York, Nassau County. On May 27, 2025, the court entered a stipulated order to stay the Podems action in New York State court until the resolution of the motion to dismiss the federal securities class action. Flagstar and the named defendants are vigorously defending these actions and also intend to vigorously defend any related actions.
Flagstar has been named as a defendant in three different sets of purported class actions related to three separate cyber breach incidents. Flagstar has vigorously defended these actions and also intends to vigorously defend any future or related actions. The first set, captioned Phillip Angus et al v. Flagstar Bank, Case No. 2:21-cv-10657-MFL-DRG, filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, relates to a data breach that occurred in January 2021, after threat actors exploited vulnerabilities in a File Transfer Appliance (FTA) used by Flagstar Bancorp, which was acquired by Flagstar in December 2022, to gain access to confidential customer information. The action seeks unspecified compensatory damages to be proven at trial and alleges breach of implied-in-fact contract, breach of confidence and public disclosure of private fact and also violations of various California consumer protection laws. On March 27, 2025, the court granted Flagstar’s motion to dismiss as to certain allegations and denied Flagstar’s motion to dismiss as to certain other allegations. On April 4, 2025, the court entered a stipulated Order to Stay Proceedings Pending Mediation. The order stayed the matter for 90 days, to allow the parties to participate in mediation to resolve both this matter and the In re: Flagstar December 2021 Data Security Incident Litigation matter, discussed below.
The second set, captioned In re: Flagstar December 2021 Data Security Incident Litigation, Case No. 2:22-cv-11385 is comprised of twenty purported class action lawsuits that were consolidated into a single action filed on June 23, 2023, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, and relates to a cyber breach of Flagstar Bancorp’s information technology system that occurred in December 2021. The action seeks unspecified compensatory damages to be proven at trial and alleges common law and statutory claims associated with the exposure of customers’ Personally Identifiable Information (PII) as a result of the data breach and seeks class certification. On September 30, 2024, the court dismissed 17 of the 18 claims in the plaintiff’s consolidated complaint, allowing only the claim under the California Consumer Privacy Act to proceed, thereby limiting participation in the action to California class members. On April 4, 2025, the court entered a stipulated Order to Stay Proceedings Pending Mediation. The order stayed the matter for 90 days, to allow the parties to participate in mediation to resolve this matter and the Phillip Angus et al v. Flagstar Bank matter, discussed above.
On August 8, 2025, the parties reached a global settlement for both In re: Flagstar December 2021 Data Security Incident Litigation and Phillip Angus et al v. Flagstar Bank. The settlement, which requires court approval would fully resolve the common law and statutory claims of all potential claimants associated with the combined lawsuits. In order to consolidate the two data breach cases, In re: Flagstar December 2021 Data Security Incident Litigation was reassigned to the judge presiding over Phillip Angus et al v. Flagstar Bank. An order was issued on August 25, 2025, closing out In re: Flagstar December 2021 Data Security Incident Litigation and consolidating the two cases into the Angus matter (Case No. 2:21-cv-10657 (E.D. Mich.). As part of the global settlement process, Plaintiffs first filed a consolidated class action complaint on September 24, 2025 and
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then, on October 1, 2025, filed an unopposed Motion for Preliminary Approval of Class Settlement with the Court. We await the Court's approval of the Motion for Preliminary Approval.
The third set, captioned In re: MOVEit customer data Security Breach Litigation, MDL No.1:23-md-03083-ADB-PGL, is comprised of four purported class action lawsuits filed in October 2023 that were consolidated with other MOVEit class action litigation involving other defendants and later transferred in December 2023 to the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts for coordinated pretrial and trial proceedings. The class actions involving Flagstar allege claims of negligence, breach of contract and unjust enrichment, among others, and seek unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. Litigation involving Flagstar is currently stayed pending ongoing court proceedings against a representative group of the larger class actions and which are intended to address critical legal and factual issues common to the parties.
The outcome of the pending litigation described above is uncertain. There can be no assurance (i) that we will not incur material losses due to damages, penalties, costs and/or expenses as a result of such litigation, (ii) that the reserves we have established will be sufficient to cover such losses, or (iii) that such losses will not materially exceed such reserves and have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. Flagstar may incur significant legal expenses in defending the litigation described above during the pendency of these matters, and in connection with any other potential cases, including expenses for the potential reimbursement of legal fees of officers and directors under indemnification obligations.
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors | ||||
Please see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025 for information regarding risk factors that could materially affect our business, financial condition, or future results of operations. There have been no changes with regard to the risk factors disclosed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2025.
| Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | ||||
Shares Repurchased Pursuant to Flagstar’s Stock-Based Incentive Plans
Participants in our stock-based incentive plans may have shares of common stock withheld to fulfill their income tax obligations that arise in connection with the vesting of their stock awards. Shares that are withheld for this purpose are repurchased pursuant to the terms of the applicable stock-based incentive plan, rather than pursuant to the share repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors, described below.
Shares Repurchased Pursuant to the Board of Directors’ Share Repurchase Authorization
On October 23, 2018, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300 million of our common stock. Under said authorization, shares may be repurchased on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. As of September 30, 2025, we had approximately $9 million remaining under this repurchase authorization. As a result of the Reorganization, such repurchases would be subject to prior approval of the OCC. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, no repurchases of stock were completed under this authorization.
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Shares that are repurchased pursuant to the Board of Directors’ authorization, and those that are repurchased pursuant to our stock-based incentive plans, are held in our Treasury account and may be used for various corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, merger transactions and the vesting of RSUs.
The following table provides information relating to our repurchase of common stock for the three months ended September 30, 2025.
| (dollars in millions, except share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Period | Total Shares of Common Stock Repurchased | Average Price Paid per Common Share | Total Shares of Common Stock Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | |||||||||||||||||
| Third Quarter 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| July 1 - 31, 2025 | 121,760 | $ | 11.00 | $ | — | |||||||||||||||
| August 1 - 31, 2025 | 22,467 | 11.94 | — | |||||||||||||||||
| September 1 - 30, 2025 | 9,601 | 12.35 | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Third Quarter 2025 | 153,828 | $ | 11.22 | — | ||||||||||||||||
| Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | ||||
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | ||||
None.
| Item 5. | Other Information | ||||
During the three months ended September 30, 2025, none of our directors or officers informed us of the adoption termination
| Item 6. | Exhibits | ||||
| Exhibit No. | ||||||||
| 2.1 | Second Amended and Restated Plan of Merger, dated as of September 22, 2025, by and between Flagstar Financial, Inc. and Flagstar Bank, N.A.(1) | |||||||
| 2.2 | Agreement for the Bulk Purchase and Sale of Mortgage Servicing Rights, dated as of July 24, 2024, by and between Nationstar Mortgage LLC and Flagstar Bank, N.A.*(2) | |||||||
| 2.3 | Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 24, 2024, by and between Nationstar Mortgage LLC and Flagstar Bank, N.A.*(2) | |||||||
| 3.1 | Amended and Restated Articles of Association of Flagstar Bank, National Association (3) | |||||||
| 3.2 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Flagstar Bank, National Association(3) | |||||||
| 4.1 | Deposit Agreement, dated as of March 16, 2017, by and among the Registrant, Computershare, Inc, and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as joint depositary, and the holders from time to time of the depositary receipts described therein (4) | |||||||
| 4.2 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc(3) | |||||||
| 4.3 | Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc. (3) | |||||||
| 4.4 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., relating to Flagstar Statutory Trust III (3) | |||||||
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| 4.5 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., relating to Flagstar Statutory Trust V (3) | |||||||
| 4.6 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to Flagstar Statutory Trust VI (3) | |||||||
| 4.7 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to Flagstar Statutory Trust VIII (3) | |||||||
| 4.8 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to Flagstar Statutory Trust IX (3) | |||||||
| 4.9 | First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to New York Community Capital Trust X (3) | |||||||
| 4.10 | Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to PennFed Capital Trust III (3) | |||||||
| 4.11 | First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to New York Community Capital Trust XI (3) | |||||||
| 4.12 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to New York Community Capital Trust V (3) | |||||||
| 4.13 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to Flagstar Statutory Trust VII* (3) | |||||||
| 4.14 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to Flagstar Statutory Trust II* (3) | |||||||
| 4.15 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to Flagstar Statutory Trust X* (3) | |||||||
| 4.16 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc., related to Flagstar Statutory Trust IV* (3) | |||||||
| 4.17 | Registrant will furnish, upon request, copies of all instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt instruments of the registrant and its consolidated subsidiaries | |||||||
| 10.1 | Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of October 17, 2025, by and among Liberty Strategic Capital (CEN) Holdings, LLC as Anchor Investor, Flagstar Bank, National Association and Flagstar Financial, Inc. (3) | |||||||
| 31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith) | |||||||
| 31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith) | |||||||
| 32 | Section 1350 Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (furnished herewith) | |||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because iXBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | |||||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | |||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | |||||||
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| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | |||||||
*Pursuant to Item 601 (a)(5) or Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, certain schedules and similar attachments have been omitted. The registrant hereby agrees to furnish a copy of any omitted schedule or similar attachment to the SEC upon request.
** Management plan or compensation plan arrangement.
(1)Incorporated by reference to the Definitive Additional Proxy Materials on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 22, 2025 (File No. 1-31565).
(2)Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to the Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 29, 2024 (File No. 1-31565)
(3)Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to the Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 20, 2025 (File No. 1-31565).
(4)Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibits to the Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 17, 2017 (File No. 1-31565).
The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| DATE: | November 6, 2025 | Flagstar Bank, National Association | |||||||||
| (Registrant) | |||||||||||
/s/ Bryan Marx | |||||||||||
Bryan Marx | |||||||||||
Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer | |||||||||||
(Principal Accounting Officer and Authorized Signatory) | |||||||||||
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FAQ
What were Flagstar (FLG) Q3 2025 results?
Net loss was $36 million; loss to common stockholders was $45 million or $0.11 per diluted share.
How did year-to-date 2025 results for FLG compare to 2024?
For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, net loss was $206 million versus $930 million in 2024; loss to common was $231 million vs $957 million.
What are Flagstar’s assets, loans, deposits, and equity?
As of September 30, 2025: assets $91.7B, loans $63.2B, deposits $69.2B, and equity $8.1B.
What corporate change did FLG complete in October 2025?
On October 17, 2025, the Bank became the successor reporting company after merging Flagstar Financial, Inc. into Flagstar Bank, N.A.
How many FLG common shares were outstanding?
415,755,877 shares were outstanding as of October 31, 2025.
On which exchange does FLG trade and under what symbols?
Common stock trades on the NYSE under FLG; depositary shares for Series A preferred under FLG PRA; BONUSES Units under FLG PRU.
Flagstar Bank, National Association
NYSE:FLG
FLG Rankings
FLG Latest News
FLG Latest SEC Filings
Nov 10, 2025
[13F-NT] FLAGSTAR FINANCIAL, INC. SEC Filing
FLG Stock Data
4.52B
301.18M
0.78%
91.32%
12.55%
Banks - Regional
Savings Institutions, Not Federally Chartered
United States
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