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GSK (NYSE: GSK) gets FDA Breakthrough, EMA PRIME for MASH liver therapy

Filing Impact
(Neutral)
Filing Sentiment
(Neutral)
Form Type
6-K

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

GSK plc reports that its investigational liver therapy efimosfermin, a once-monthly FGF21-based injection, has received US FDA Breakthrough Therapy designation and EMA PRIME status for treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). These regulatory designations are intended to speed development of medicines with strong early evidence in serious diseases.

Phase II data in MASH patients with moderate to advanced (F2/F3) and cirrhotic (F4) fibrosis showed fibrosis improvement and MASH resolution versus placebo, with a generally well‑tolerated safety profile and mostly mild, transient gastrointestinal side effects. Efimosfermin is now in phase III ZENITH-1 and ZENITH-2 trials in F2/F3 patients, with additional phase III studies in F4 MASH planned this year.

MASH is described as a chronic, progressive liver disease affecting up to 5% of the global population and a leading cause of liver transplant in the US and Europe, with limited liver‑specific treatments and no approved options for cirrhotic MASH. GSK highlights efimosfermin’s potential to directly target liver fibrosis and positions it as part of a broader hepatology pipeline in MASH, chronic hepatitis B and alcohol‑associated liver disease.

Positive

  • Efimosfermin gains FDA Breakthrough and EMA PRIME designations, signaling prioritized regulatory support in MASH based on phase II data showing fibrosis improvement and MASH resolution versus placebo in patients with moderate to advanced and cirrhotic fibrosis.

Negative

  • None.

Insights

Dual FDA Breakthrough and EMA PRIME designations spotlight efimosfermin as a prioritized late-stage MASH asset for GSK.

The update centers on efimosfermin, a once‑monthly FGF21 analogue for MASH, gaining both US FDA Breakthrough Therapy and EMA PRIME designations. These programs are reserved for serious conditions where early data suggest meaningful benefit, and they offer enhanced regulatory interaction and potentially faster review.

The designations rest on phase II data in F2/F3 and F4 MASH showing fibrosis improvement and MASH resolution versus placebo, with a generally mild, transient GI side‑effect profile. Efimosfermin has already advanced into phase III (ZENITH‑1 and ZENITH‑2) in F2/F3 patients, with phase III in F4 planned this year, underscoring a late‑stage development position in a disease with limited hepatic treatments and no approved cirrhotic options.

For investors, this strengthens GSK’s hepatology narrative by adding a prioritized, late‑stage asset in a large, underserved indication affecting up to 5% of the global population. Future disclosures from the ongoing phase III program and any regulatory interactions under Breakthrough/PRIME frameworks will be key in clarifying approvability and eventual commercial potential.

MASH prevalence up to 5% of global population Chronic progressive liver disease burden cited for MASH
Fibrosis stages studied F2, F3, F4 fibrosis Patient groups in efimosfermin clinical data and plans
Phase II duration 48 weeks Efimosfermin phase II data period for F2/F3 MASH patients
Breakthrough Therapy Designation regulatory
"has been granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation by the US Food and Drug Administration"
A breakthrough therapy designation is a regulatory fast-track given to a drug or treatment that shows early signs of providing a major improvement over existing options for a serious condition. Think of it as a VIP lane that can speed up development and more intensive guidance from regulators, which matters to investors because it can shorten time to market, reduce development risk and potentially increase a company’s value — though it does not guarantee approval.
Priority Medicines (PRIME) regulatory
"Priority Medicines (PRIME) Designation by the European Medicines Agency"
metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) medical
"for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)"
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a liver condition characterized by inflammation and fat buildup caused by metabolic issues like obesity and insulin resistance. It can lead to liver damage over time, similar to rust gradually weakening metal. Because it is linked to widespread health problems such as diabetes and heart disease, MASH is becoming an important factor in overall health risks and healthcare costs, which can impact economic and investment considerations.
fibrosis medical
"once-monthly efimosfermin improved liver fibrosis (scarring), a key driver of disease progression"
Fibrosis is the process where excess scar tissue forms in an organ or tissue, often as a response to injury or long-term damage. This buildup can impair normal function, much like thickening insulation reduces the effectiveness of a wire. For investors, fibrosis is significant because it can signal ongoing health issues that may lead to increased medical costs or influence a company’s performance in healthcare-related sectors.
phase III medical
"Efimosfermin is currently in phase III with the ZENITH-1 and ZENITH-2 trials"
A Phase III trial is the late-stage clinical study that tests whether a medical treatment works and is safe in a large group of patients, often comparing it to standard care. Think of it as a final dress rehearsal or full-scale road test before regulators decide on approval; positive or negative results strongly influence a drug maker’s chance to sell the treatment, future revenue, and investment risk.
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Form 6-K
 
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 
 
For the month of April 2026
 
Commission File Number 001-15170
 
 
GSK plc
(Translation of registrant's name into English)
 
 
79 New Oxford Street, London, WC1A 1DG
(Address of principal executive office)
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
 
Form 20-F . . . .X. . . . Form 40-F . . . . . . . .
 
 
 
 
Issued: 27 April 2026, London UK
 
GSK's investigational liver therapy, efimosfermin, receives US FDA Breakthrough Therapy and EMA Priority Medicines (PRIME) designations for MASH
 
Phase II data show once-monthly efimosfermin improved liver fibrosis (scarring), a key driver of disease progression in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)
MASH is a leading cause of liver transplant in the US and Europe
Designations recognise potential for efimosfermin to address significant unmet medical need and reflect momentum in GSK's liver health pipeline
 
 
 
GSK plc (LSE/NYSE: GSK) today announced that efimosfermin, a once-monthly investigational liver therapy, has been granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Priority Medicines (PRIME) Designation by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of MASH.
 
The FDA designation is designed to expedite the development and review of medicines for serious conditions, where preliminary clinical evidence indicates the potential for substantial improvement over available therapy.1 The EMA designation provides scientific and regulatory support for medicines that have the potential to address significant unmet medical need.2
 
Kaivan Khavandi, SVP, R&D Head Respiratory, Immunology & Inflammation (RI&I), and Head of Translational & Development Sciences, GSK, said: "MASH affects millions of people worldwide and is one of the leading causes of liver transplant in the US and Europe, but treatment options are limited for most and non-existent for those with the most advanced form of disease. These designations recognise efimosfermin's potential and reflect GSK's accelerating momentum in liver health. We believe efimosfermin has the potential to significantly advance the standard of care by directly targeting liver fibrosis."
 
The two designations were supported by data from MASH patients with moderate to advanced (F2/F3) and cirrhotic (F4) fibrosis. This includes phase II data at 48 weeks for F2/F3 patients who showed fibrosis improvement and MASH resolution with once-monthly efimosfermin versus placebo. Data also confirmed a well-tolerated safety profile with mild, transient adverse events, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea.3,4 Efimosfermin is currently in phase III with the ZENITH-1 and ZENITH-2 trials investigating efficacy and safety in MASH patients with F2/F3 fibrosis. Phase III trials in MASH patients with F4 fibrosis are expected to start this year.
 
MASH is a chronic, progressive liver disease that affects up to 5% of the global population and is a leading cause of liver transplants in both the US and Europe.5-7 The buildup of scar tissue, or fibrosis, is a key predictor of serious outcomes for patients, including cirrhosis, liver failure and liver cancer.8 Currently, liver-specific treatment options are limited for those with moderate to advanced fibrosis and there are no approved treatments for cirrhotic MASH (F4).8
 
About efimosfermin
Efimosfermin is an investigational, once-monthly subcutaneous injection of a long-acting variant of FGF21 that is designed to regulate key metabolic pathways to decrease liver fat, ameliorate liver inflammation, and reverse liver fibrosis in patients with MASH. Efimosfermin is currently in trials for moderate to advanced fibrosis, including cirrhosis, and is not available for prescription anywhere in the world.
 
About GSK research in hepatology
GSK is extending its expertise in inflammation to develop a next wave of innovation for the millions of people affected by chronic and life-threatening fibro-inflammatory liver conditions. Harnessing the science of the immune system and advanced technologies, GSK is committed to advancing its hepatology pipeline with potential therapies for chronic hepatitis B, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD).
 
About GSK
GSK is a global biopharma company with a purpose to unite science, technology, and talent to get ahead of disease together. Find out more at gsk.com.
 
 
GSK enquiries
 
 
 
Media:
Tim Foley
+44 (0) 20 8047 5502
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Sarah Clements
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+1 202 603 5003
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Sydney Dodson-Nease
+1 215 370 4680
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Investor Relations:
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+44 (0) 7831 826525
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James Dodwell
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Jeff McLaughlin
+1 215 751 7002
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Frannie DeFranco
+1 215 751 3126
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Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements
GSK cautions investors that any forward-looking statements or projections made by GSK, including those made in this announcement, are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Such factors include, but are not limited to, those described in the "Risk Factors" section in GSK's Annual Report on Form 20-F for 2025.
 
 
Registered in England & Wales:
No. 3888792
 

Registered Office:
79 New Oxford Street
London
WC1A 1DG
 
 
References
1 U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Breakthrough Therapy. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/patients/fast-track-breakthrough-therapy-accelerated-approval-priority-review/breakthrough-therapy. Last accessed: 16 April 2026.
2 European Medicines Agency. PRIME: Priority Medicines. Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory-overview/research-development/prime-priority-medicines. Last accessed: 16 April 2026.
3 Noureddin M, Kowdley K, Odrljin T et al. Efimosfermin alfa (BOS-580) once per month in people with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis with F2 or F3 fibrosis: results from a 24-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet, 2026; 407: 794-804.
4 Once-Monthly Efimosfermin Alfa for Up to 48 Weeks in MASH With F2/F3 Fibrosis: Results From a Phase 2, Open-Label Extension Study. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2025 Dec;21(12 Suppl 11):7-9. PMID: 41660650; PMCID: PMC12879048.
5 Povsic M, et al. A Structured Literature Review of the Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Advances in Therapy. 2019;36(7):1574-94. DOI: 10.1007/s12325-019-00960-3.
6 Paklar N, Mijic M, Filipec-Kanizaj T. The Outcomes of Liver Transplantation in Severe Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Patients. Biomedicines. 2023;11(11):3096.
7 Younossi Z, Germani G, Wong R, et al. Steatotic liver disease is the dominant indication for liver transplantation in both Europe and the United States: Trends and outcomes in the past 2 decades. Liver Transplantation. 2026;32(4):549-557. DOI: 10.1097/LVT.0000000000000688.
8 Miller DM, McCauley KF, Dunham-Snary KJ. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): Mechanisms, Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Advances. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(10):5487. Available at: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12627968/. Last accessed: 16 April 2026.
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorised.
 
GSK plc
 
(Registrant)
 
 
Date: April, 27, 2026
 
 
 
 
By:/s/ VICTORIA WHYTE
--------------------------
 
 
 
Victoria Whyte
 
Authorised Signatory for and on
 
behalf of GSK plc

FAQ

What did GSK (GSK) announce about its liver drug efimosfermin?

GSK announced that its investigational liver therapy efimosfermin received US FDA Breakthrough Therapy and EMA PRIME designations for treating MASH. These programs support faster development of promising medicines for serious diseases with significant unmet need.

Why are the FDA Breakthrough and EMA PRIME designations for GSK efimosfermin important?

These designations indicate regulators see efimosfermin as a promising option for serious MASH. FDA Breakthrough and EMA PRIME offer enhanced guidance and potentially faster review pathways when early clinical evidence suggests substantial benefit over existing therapies.

What clinical data support GSK efimosfermin in MASH?

Phase II data in MASH patients with F2/F3 fibrosis showed fibrosis improvement and MASH resolution with once‑monthly efimosfermin versus placebo. The program also reported a well‑tolerated safety profile, mainly mild, transient nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea in treated patients.

What stage of development is GSK efimosfermin currently in?

Efimosfermin is currently in phase III clinical development. The ZENITH‑1 and ZENITH‑2 trials evaluate efficacy and safety in MASH patients with F2/F3 fibrosis, and GSK expects to start additional phase III trials in patients with F4 (cirrhotic) fibrosis this year.

How large is the MASH disease burden mentioned by GSK?

GSK notes that MASH is a chronic, progressive liver disease affecting up to 5% of the global population. It is described as a leading cause of liver transplants in both the US and Europe, with limited current liver‑specific treatment options and none for cirrhotic MASH.

What is GSK aiming to achieve with efimosfermin in MASH treatment?

Efimosfermin is designed as a long‑acting FGF21 variant to decrease liver fat, reduce inflammation, and reverse fibrosis in MASH. GSK believes directly targeting liver fibrosis could significantly advance the standard of care, particularly for patients with more advanced disease stages.