STOCK TITAN

Corning Incorporated (NYSE: GLW) Q2 2026 sales jump 17% to $4.51B

(High)
(Neutral)
Form Type
8-K

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Corning Incorporated reported strong second-quarter 2026 results, with GAAP sales of $4.51 billion, up 17% year over year, and GAAP diluted EPS of $0.64, up 19%. Non-GAAP core sales were $4.74 billion, up 17%, and core EPS was $0.78, up 30%. Core gross margin expanded 120 basis points to 39.6%, and core operating margin expanded 190 basis points to 20.9%. Management cited this as the ninth consecutive quarter of year-over-year growth, with operating cash flow of $1.72 billion, adjusted free cash flow of $1.42 billion, and core ROIC of 14.9%.

Growth was led by Optical Communications, where sales rose 32% to $2.07 billion and net income 77% to $438 million, and by Solar, where sales increased 90% to $438 million after a major maintenance and upgrade, though the segment posted a small loss. Glass Innovations and Automotive delivered modest growth; Life Sciences and Emerging Growth Businesses declined. Corning highlighted new long-term agreements, including a multiyear, multibillion-dollar Amazon data center supply deal and a NVIDIA partnership to expand U.S. optical connectivity manufacturing capacity by 10x and U.S. fiber production by more than 50%. Under its upgraded Springboard Plan, Corning aims for an annualized sales run rate of $20 billion by end-2026, $30 billion by end-2028, and $40 billion by end-2030, and expects a 19% sales CAGR from Q4 2026 to Q4 2030. For third-quarter 2026, management guides to core sales of $4.9–$5.0 billion (about 16% growth) and core EPS of $0.85–$0.89 (about 28% growth).

Positive

  • Q2 2026 GAAP sales rose 17% to $4.51 billion and diluted EPS increased 19% to $0.64, while core EPS grew 30% to $0.78 with margin expansion.
  • Optical Communications sales grew 32% to $2.07 billion and segment net income rose 77% to $438 million, signaling strong demand for networking solutions.
  • Operating cash flow reached $1.72 billion and adjusted free cash flow $1.42 billion, supporting Corning’s upgraded Springboard Plan and long-term growth investments.

Negative

  • None.

Filing Explained

At June 30, Corning reported $2,504 million of cash and 1.9 billion issued shares, versus $1,526 million and 1.8 billion at year-end.

The July 28 Form 8-K reports Corning’s unaudited second-quarter results under Item 2.02, so the historical results are reported rather than proposed. Its balance sheet shows 1.9 billion shares issued at June 30, 2026, versus 1.8 billion at December 31, 2025.

The higher issued-share figure is relevant to ownership mechanics: if it reflects additional shares issued to new holders, dilution can reduce an existing holder’s percentage ownership absent offsetting changes. The filing does not provide transaction terms explaining that share-count movement.

The release’s “core” measures are non-GAAP supplements to GAAP results. Beginning April 1, 2026, Corning replaced its constant-currency adjustment with an adjustment for hedged exposures, and it did not recast prior-period amounts under the new method.

At June 30, the balance sheet reported $2,504 million of cash and equivalents, compared with $1,526 million at year-end; long-term debt was $7,756 million.

Item 2.02 Results of Operations and Financial Condition Financial
Disclosure of earnings results, typically an earnings press release or preliminary financials.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits Exhibits
Financial statements, pro forma financial information, and exhibit attachments filed with this report.
Q2 2026 Net Sales (GAAP) $4,505 million Consolidated GAAP net sales, up 17% year over year
Q2 2026 Diluted EPS (GAAP) $0.64 GAAP diluted earnings per share, up 19% year over year
Q2 2026 Core Sales $4,738 million Non-GAAP core sales, up 17% year over year
Q2 2026 Core EPS $0.78 Non-GAAP core earnings per share, up 30% year over year
Q2 2026 Operating Cash Flow $1,717 million Net cash provided by operating activities in the quarter
Q2 2026 Adjusted Free Cash Flow $1,423 million Adjusted free cash flow after capital expenditures
Q2 2026 Optical Communications Sales $2,072 million Segment net sales, up 32% year over year
Q3 2026 Core EPS Guidance $0.85–$0.89 Expected core EPS, about 28% year-over-year growth
Springboard Plan financial
"upgraded Springboard Plan to grow sales to an annualized run rate"
core sales financial
"Year over year, Q2 core sales grew 17% to $4.74 billion"
Core sales are the revenue generated by a company's main, ongoing business activities after removing one-time or unusual items such as proceeds from asset sales, discontinued operations, or temporary boosts. Investors care because core sales show the steady, repeatable demand for a company’s products or services—like judging a store by its regular weekly receipts rather than a single big clearance sale—to better assess growth trends and future earnings potential.
adjusted free cash flow financial
"GAAP operating cash flow was $1.72 billion, and adjusted free cash flow was $1.42 billion"
Adjusted free cash flow is the amount of money a company generates from its operations after accounting for essential expenses and investments, like maintaining or upgrading equipment. It shows how much cash is truly available to grow the business, pay debts, or return to shareholders, helping investors see the company's financial health more clearly.
translated earnings contracts financial
"realized and unrealized gains and losses on our undesignated foreign exchange forward or option contracts and cross-currency swaps, which we refer to as our translated earnings contracts"
core ROIC financial
"We also grew core ROIC 180 basis points to 14.9%"
Core ROIC is a percentage that measures how efficiently a company’s ongoing, day-to-day business operations turn the capital used to run the business into operating profit, after removing one-time gains, unusual items, and non-core assets. It matters to investors because it isolates the sustainable return generated by the company’s core activities, making it easier to compare operational performance across periods or between companies, like judging how well a machine uses fuel when you ignore rare breakdowns.
adjustment for hedged exposures financial
"we prospectively replaced constant-currency reporting with a new non-GAAP adjustment, which we refer to as our adjustment for hedged exposures"
Offering Type IPO/secondary/shelf/ATM

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FAQ

What were Corning (GLW) Q2 2026 revenues and GAAP EPS?

Corning reported Q2 2026 GAAP sales of $4.51 billion, up 17% year over year, and diluted EPS of $0.64, up 19%. Net income attributable to Corning was $559 million, reflecting solid profitability alongside higher margins.

How did Corning (GLW) non-GAAP core results change year over year in Q2 2026?

Non-GAAP core sales were $4.74 billion, up 17%, and core net income was $680 million. Core EPS rose 30% to $0.78, with core gross margin at 39.6% and core operating margin at 20.9%, both expanding versus the prior year.

Which segments drove Corning (GLW) growth in Q2 2026?

Optical Communications led growth with $2.07 billion in sales, up 32% year over year and 77% higher net income. Solar sales rose 90% to $438 million, while Glass Innovations and Automotive posted modest increases and Life Sciences declined.

What guidance did Corning (GLW) provide for Q3 2026?

For third-quarter 2026, management expects core sales of $4.9–$5.0 billion, about 16% year-over-year growth, and core EPS of $0.85–$0.89, about 28% growth. The outlook assumes continued momentum in key businesses, including Optical Communications and Solar.

What is Corning (GLW) Springboard Plan and its sales targets?

Corning’s internal Springboard Plan targets an annualized sales run rate of $20 billion by end-2026, $30 billion by end-2028, and $40 billion by end-2030. The company expects a 19% sales CAGR from Q4 2026 to Q4 2030 with earnings growing faster.

What major customer agreements did Corning (GLW) announce in Q2 2026?

Corning announced a multiyear, multibillion-dollar agreement with Amazon to supply optical fiber, cable, and connectivity for U.S. data centers. It also detailed a long-term partnership with NVIDIA to expand U.S. optical connectivity manufacturing capacity 10x and fiber output by over 50%.
0000024741CORNING INC /NYfalse00000247412026-07-282026-07-280000024741us-gaap:CommonStockMember2026-07-282026-07-280000024741glw:A4.125NotesDue2031Member2026-07-282026-07-28

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 8-K
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report: (Date of earliest event reported)July 28, 2026
CORNING INCORPORATED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Commission file number: 1-3247
New York16-0393470
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
One Riverfront Plaza, Corning, New York
14831
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
607-974-9000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.50 par value per share GLW New York Stock Exchange
4.125% Notes due 2031 GLW31 New York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 ((§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).
Emerging growth company      o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.       o
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
oWritten communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
oSoliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
oPre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
oPre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))



Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition
The Corning Incorporated press release dated July 28, 2026 regarding its financial results for the second-quarter ended June 30, 2026 is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.
In accordance with General Instruction B.2 of Form 8-K, the information in this Current Report on Form 8-K, shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.
Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits
(d) Exhibit
   
 99
Press Release dated July 28, 2026, issued by Corning Incorporated
 104Cover Page Interactive File (the cover page tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).



SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
CORNING INCORPORATED
Registrant
Date: July 28, 2026
By/s/ Stefan Becker
  Stefan Becker
  Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller


Exhibit 99
News Release

FOR RELEASE – July 28, 2026


Corning’s Strong Second-Quarter 2026 Financial Results(1)
Demonstrate Progress on Recently Upgraded
Springboard Plan


CORNING, N.Y. — Corning Incorporated (NYSE: GLW) today announced its second-quarter 2026 results and provided its outlook for third-quarter 2026.
News Summary:
Year over year, Q2 core sales grew 17% to $4.74 billion. Core EPS grew 30% to $0.78.
Optical Communications grew sales 32% to $2.07 billion, including a 65% increase in Enterprise Networks, with Gen AI product sales growing significantly faster.
Solar grew sales 90% and completed an extended maintenance shutdown and equipment upgrade at Corning’s solar wafer facility. Management expects profitability to improve in Q3.

Results demonstrate progress on upgraded Springboard Plan outlined at May 2026 investor day.
The company’s internal Springboard Plan is to grow sales to an annualized run rate of $20 billion by the end of 2026, $30 billion by the end of 2028, and $40 billion by the end of 2030.
Corning is entering a new phase of accelerating growth. The company expects to deliver a sales CAGR of 19% from Q4 2026 to Q4 2030 – while growing earnings faster than sales, with significantly higher returns on invested capital and substantially more free cash flow.

Deep customer partnerships support Springboard growth opportunity. In Q2:
Amazon announced a multiyear, multibillion-dollar agreement under which Corning will supply the optical fiber, cable, and connectivity solutions that power Amazon's expanding data center infrastructure across the United States.
NVIDIA and Corning announced a long-term partnership in which Corning will expand its U.S.-based optical connectivity manufacturing capacity by 10x and expand its U.S. fiber production capacity by more than 50% to meet the accelerating demand driven by AI factory buildouts.

In the third quarter, management expects core sales to grow approximately 16% year over year to a range of $4.9 billion to $5 billion and core EPS to grow approximately 28% year over year to a range of $0.85 to $0.89.

(1) Second-quarter GAAP results: Sales were $4.51 billion, gross margin was 36.1%, operating margin was 15.5%, EPS was $0.64, and operating cash flow was $1.72 billion.





1

Corning Reports Second-Quarter 2026 Financial Results
Page 2

Wendell P. Weeks, chairman, chief executive officer, and president, said, “In the second quarter, we delivered outstanding results, and we upgraded our Springboard Plan to grow sales to an annualized run rate of $20 billion by the end of 2026, $30 billion by the end of 2028, and $40 billion by the end of 2030. We’re entering a new phase of accelerating growth, and we expect to deliver a sales CAGR of 19% from Q4 2026 to Q4 2030 – while growing earnings faster than sales, with significantly higher returns on invested capital and substantially more free cash flow.”

Weeks continued, “We continue to deepen our long-term customer partnerships with industry leaders, most recently with Amazon and NVIDIA. These partnerships provide strong proof points supporting our exciting Springboard Plan.”

Ed Schlesinger, executive vice president and chief financial officer, said, “In the second quarter, we delivered our ninth consecutive quarter of year-over-year growth and continued to enhance our financial profile. We grew core sales 17% to $4.74 billion and core EPS 30% to $0.78. We expanded core gross margin 120 basis points to 39.6% and core operating margin 190 basis points to 20.9%. We also grew core ROIC 180 basis points to 14.9% and delivered strong adjusted free cash flow of $1.42 billion.”

Schlesinger continued, “In the third quarter, we expect core sales to grow approximately 16% year over year to a range of $4.9 billion to $5 billion and core EPS to grow about 28% year over year to a range of $0.85 to $0.89. We also expect an improving impact on earnings from Solar starting in Q3 as our ramp continues, building toward a revenue stream of more than $3 billion with strong profit and cash flow. Overall, we are off to a great start on our upgraded Springboard plan to capture a new phase of accelerating growth.”

Second-Quarter 2026 Financial Highlights:
GAAP sales were $4.51 billion, up 17% year over year. Core sales were $4.74 billion, up 17% year over year.
GAAP EPS was $0.64, up 19% year over year. Core EPS was $0.78, up 30% year over year. The difference between GAAP and core EPS principally reflects adjustments for hedged exposures, along with largely non-cash discrete tax items and restructuring and impairment charges. A complete quantitative reconciliation of these and other reconciling items appears in the tables accompanying this release.
GAAP gross margin was 36.1%. Core gross margin expanded 120 basis points to 39.6%.
GAAP operating margin was 15.5%. Core operating margin expanded 190 basis points to 20.9%.
GAAP operating cash flow was $1.72 billion, and adjusted free cash flow was $1.42 billion.

Third-Quarter 2026 Outlook:
In the third quarter, management expects core sales to grow approximately 16% year over year to a range of $4.9 billion to $5 billion and core EPS to grow approximately 28% year over year to a range of $0.85 to $0.89.

2

Corning Reports Second-Quarter 2026 Financial Results
Page 3

Second-Quarter 2026 Results and Comparisons
(In millions, except per-share amounts)
Results (GAAP)
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q2 2025
Q/QY/Y
Net Sales$4,505 $4,144 $3,862 9%17%
Net Income (1)
$559 $371 $469 51%19%
Diluted EPS$0.64 $0.43 $0.54 49%19%
(1)Represents GAAP net income attributable to Corning Incorporated.

Core Results (Non-GAAP)(1)
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q2 2025
Q/QY/Y
Core Sales$4,738 $4,345 $4,045 9%17%
Core Net Income$680 $612 $523 11%30%
Core EPS$0.78 $0.70 $0.60 11%30%
(1)Core performance measures are non-GAAP financial measures. The reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP measures is provided in the tables following this news release as well as on the company’s website.
3

Corning Reports Second-Quarter 2026 Financial Results
Page 4
Second-Quarter 2026 Segment Results
(In millions)
The second-quarter results below are prepared on a basis consistent with Corning’s segment reporting as presented in the company’s consolidated financial statements.
Effective in the first quarter of 2026, Corning revised its segment reporting structure to align with its current operating and management structure. As a result, the company created a Glass Innovations segment, combining its former Display and Specialty Materials segments. Corning also created a Solar segment, which includes Hemlock Semiconductor Group and the company’s solar wafer and module manufacturing businesses. Optical Communications and Automotive remain unchanged. All other results will be grouped as Life Sciences and Emerging Growth Businesses. Prior-period results have been recast to conform to the current presentation.

Optical Communications
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q2 2025
Q/QY/Y
Net Sales$2,072 $1,846 $1,566 12%32%
Net Income$438 $387 $247 13%77%
Glass Innovations
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q2 2025
Q/QY/Y
Net Sales$1,463 $1,420 $1,443 3%1%
Net Income$354 $324 $324 9%9%
Automotive
     
 
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q2 2025
Q/QY/Y
Net Sales$471 $437 $460 8%2%
Net Income$82 $70 $79 17%4%
Solar
 
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q2 2025
Q/QY/Y
Net Sales$438 $370 $231 18%90%
Net (Loss) Income($7)$7 $2 **
Life Sciences and Emerging Growth Businesses
 
Q2 2026
Q1 2026
Q2 2025
Q/QY/Y
Net Sales$294 $272 $345 8%(15%)
Net (Loss) Income($21)($24)$6 13%*
*Not meaningful




4

Corning Reports Second-Quarter 2026 Financial Results
Page 5
Upcoming Investor Events
On Sept. 9, Corning Incorporated will attend the Citi 2026 Global TMT Conference in New York. In addition, the company will schedule management visits to investor offices in select cities. Visit the company’s Investor Relations website for up-to-date information.

Second-Quarter Conference Call Information
The company will host its second-quarter conference call on Tuesday, July 28, at 8:30 a.m. ET. To participate, individuals may preregister here prior to the start of the call. Once the required fields are completed, click “Register.” A telephone number and PIN will be auto generated and will pop up on screen. Participants will have the choice to “Dial In” or have the system “Call Me.” A confirmation email will also be sent with specific dial-in information. To listen to a live audio webcast of the call, go to the company’s Investor Relations events page and follow the instructions.
Presentation of Information in this News Release
This news release includes non-GAAP financial measures. Non-GAAP financial measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative to, GAAP. Corning’s non-GAAP financial measures exclude the impact of items that are driven by general economic conditions and events that do not reflect the underlying fundamentals and trends in the company’s operations. The company believes presenting non-GAAP financial measures assists in analyzing financial performance without the impact of items that may obscure trends in the company’s underlying performance. Definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found on the company’s website by going to the Investor Relations page and clicking “Quarterly Results” under the “Financials and Filings” tab. These reconciliations also accompany this news release.

With respect to the outlook for future periods, it is not possible to provide reconciliations for these non-GAAP measures because management does not forecast the movement of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar, or other items that do not reflect ongoing operations, nor does it forecast items that have not yet occurred or are out of management’s control. As a result, management is unable to provide outlook information on a GAAP basis.
Caution Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
The statements contained in this release and related comments by management that are not historical facts or information and contain words such as “will,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “see,” “would,” “target,” “estimate,” “forecast” or similar expressions are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and include estimates and assumptions related to economic, competitive and legislative developments. Such statements relate to future events that by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain. These forward-looking statements relate to, among other things, the Company’s Springboard plan, projected financial and operating performance, anticipated sales opportunities, long-term growth strategy, expected capital deployment, innovation and commercialization plans, and anticipated impacts of customer agreements.
Although the company believes that these forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions regarding, among other things, current estimates and forecasts, general economic conditions, its knowledge of its business and key performance indicators that impact the company, there can be no assurance that these forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. The company undertakes no obligation to update forward-looking statements if circumstances or management’s estimates or opinions should change except as required by applicable securities laws.
5

Corning Reports Second-Quarter 2026 Financial Results
Page 6
Some of the risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: global economic trends, competition and geopolitical risks, or an escalation of sanctions, tariffs or other trade tensions between the U.S. and other countries, and related impacts on our businesses’ global supply chains and strategies; changes in macroeconomic and market conditions and market volatility, including developments and volatility arising from health crisis events, inflation, interest rates, the value of securities and other financial assets, precious metals, oil, natural gas, raw materials and other commodity prices and exchange rates (particularly between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen, Mexican peso, Chinese yuan, South Korean won, euro and New Taiwan dollar), decreases or sudden increases of consumer demand, and the impact of such changes and volatility on our financial position and businesses; the availability of or adverse changes relating to government grants, tax credits or other government incentives; the duration and severity of health crisis events, such as an epidemic or pandemic, and its impact across our businesses on demand, personnel, operations, our global supply chains and stock price; possible disruption in commercial activities or our supply chain due to terrorist activity, cyber-attack, armed conflict, political or financial instability, natural disasters, international trade disputes or major health concerns; loss of intellectual property due to theft, cyber-attack, or disruption to our information technology infrastructure; ability to enforce patents and protect intellectual property and trade secrets; disruption to Corning’s, our suppliers’ and manufacturers’ supply chain, equipment, facilities, IT systems or operations; product demand and industry capacity; competitive products and pricing; availability and costs of critical components, materials, equipment, natural resources and utilities; new product development and commercialization; our solar business development, including manufacturing facility construction, ramp, and operations, and the achievement of solar revenue and profitability targets; order activity and demand from major customers; the amount and timing of our cash flows and earnings and other conditions, which may affect our ability to pay our quarterly dividend at the planned level or to repurchase shares at planned levels; the amount and timing of any future dividends; the effects of acquisitions, dispositions and other similar transactions; the effect of regulatory and legal developments; ability to pace capital spending to anticipated levels of customer demand; our ability to increase margins through implementation of operational changes, pricing actions and cost reduction measures; rate of technology change; adverse litigation; product and component performance issues; retention of key personnel; customer ability to maintain profitable operations and obtain financing to fund ongoing operations and manufacturing expansions and pay receivables when due; loss of significant customers; changes in tax laws, regulations and international tax standards; the impacts of audits by taxing authorities; the potential impact of legislation, government regulations, and other government action and investigations; and other risks detailed in Corning’s SEC filings.
For a complete listing of risks and other factors, please reference the risk factors and forward-looking statements described in our annual reports on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.
Web Disclosure
In accordance with guidance provided by the SEC regarding the use of company websites and social media channels to disclose material information, Corning Incorporated (“Corning”) wishes to notify investors, media, and other interested parties that it uses its website (https://www.corning.com/worldwide/en/about-us/news-events.html) to publish important information about the company, including information that may be deemed material to investors, or supplemental to information contained in this or other press releases. The list of websites and social media channels that the company uses may be updated on Corning’s media and website from time to time. Corning encourages investors, media, and other interested parties to review the information Corning may publish through its website and social media channels as described above, in addition to the company’s SEC filings, press releases, conference calls, and webcasts.
6

Corning Reports Second-Quarter 2026 Financial Results
Page 7
About Corning Incorporated
Corning (www.corning.com) is one of the world’s leading innovators in materials science, with a 175-year track record of life-changing inventions. Corning applies its unparalleled expertise in glass science, ceramic science, and optical physics, along with its deep manufacturing and engineering capabilities to develop category-defining products that transform industries and enhance people’s lives. Corning succeeds through sustained investment in RD&E, a unique combination of material and process innovation, and deep, trust-based relationships with customers who are global leaders in their industries. Corning’s capabilities are versatile and synergistic, which allows the company to evolve to meet changing market needs, while also helping its customers capture new opportunities in dynamic industries. Today, Corning’s markets include optical communications, mobile consumer electronics, display, automotive, solar, semiconductors, and life sciences.

Media Relations Contact:
Gabrielle Bailey
(607) 684-4557
baileygr@corning.com
Investor Relations Contact:
Christopher Keenan
(607) 974-6716
keenanct@corning.com
7


Consolidated Statements of IncomeCorning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
(Unaudited; in millions, except per share amounts) 
 Three months ended
June 30,
Six months ended
June 30,
 2026202520262025
Net sales$4,505 $3,862 $8,649 $7,314 
Cost of sales2,877 2,470 5,493 4,708 
Gross margin1,628 1,392 3,156 2,606 
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses608 515 1,196 986 
Research, development and engineering expenses299 276 577 546 
Amortization of purchased intangibles23 28 46 56 
Operating income698 573 1,337 1,018 
Interest income12 21 17 
Interest expense(94)(83)(186)(165)
Translated earnings contract gain, net90 131 74 30 
Other expense, net(57)(42)(68)(76)
Income before income taxes649 584 1,178 824 
Provision for income taxes(40)(84)(161)(139)
Net income609 500 1,017 685 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest(50)(31)(87)(59)
Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated$559 $469 $930 $626 
Earnings per common share available to common shareholders:
Basic$0.65 $0.55 $1.08 $0.73 
Diluted$0.64 $0.54 $1.06 $0.72 
8


Consolidated Balance SheetsCorning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
(Unaudited; in millions, except share and per share amounts)
 June 30,
2026
December 31,
2025
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$2,504 $1,526 
Trade accounts receivable, net of doubtful accounts2,932 2,779 
Inventories3,426 3,077 
Other current assets2,055 1,554 
Total current assets10,917 8,936 
 
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation14,927 14,825 
Goodwill2,476 2,489 
Other intangible assets, net610 657 
Deferred income taxes1,610 1,515 
Other assets2,416 2,554 
 
Total Assets$32,956 $30,976 
 
Liabilities and Equity
 
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt and short-term borrowings$668 $804 
Accounts payable2,361 1,979 
Other accrued liabilities2,992 2,845 
Total current liabilities6,021 5,628 
 
Long-term debt7,756 7,630 
Postretirement benefits other than pensions325 314 
Other liabilities5,727 5,097 
Total liabilities19,829 18,669 
 
Commitments and contingencies
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock – Par value $0.50 per share; Shares authorized 3.8 billion;
    Shares issued: 1.9 billion and 1.8 billion
927 924 
Additional paid-in capital – common stock18,636 17,580 
Retained earnings16,747 16,551 
Treasury stock, at cost; Shares held: 994 million and 992 million
(21,429)(21,143)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(2,321)(2,105)
Total Corning Incorporated shareholders’ equity12,560 11,807 
Non-controlling interest567 500 
Total equity13,127 12,307 
 
Total Liabilities and Equity$32,956 $30,976 
9


Consolidated Statements of Cash FlowsCorning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
(Unaudited; in millions)
 Three months ended
June 30,
Six months ended
June 30,
 2026202520262025
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income$609 $500 $1,017 $685 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
    operating activities:
Depreciation368 312 702 603 
Amortization of purchased intangibles23 28 46 56 
Share-based compensation expense135 63 250 117 
Translation loss (gain) on foreign denominated debt, net27 (5)70 
Deferred tax (benefit) provision(39)11 (101)(39)
Translated earnings contract gain, net(90)(131)(74)(30)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable(267)(213)(255)(203)
Inventories(145)(92)(377)(238)
Other current assets(88)(75)(144)(105)
Accounts payable and other current liabilities275 194 195 (59)
Customer deposits and government incentives880 59 709 43 
Deferred income(64)(41)(102)(70)
Other, net119 66 218 29 
Net cash provided by operating activities1,717 708 2,079 859 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures(422)(308)(754)(516)
Proceeds from government incentives   
Realized gains on translated earnings contracts and other128 51 278 107 
Premiums paid on hedging contracts(63)(26)(102)(34)
Other, net(2)(18)(23)
Net cash used in investing activities(359)(301)(562)(466)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Repayments of debt(678)(232)(691)(279)
Proceeds from issuance of debt and short-term borrowings22 285 449 285 
Proceeds from cross currency swap   24 
Proceeds from warrants500  500  
Payments of employee withholding tax on stock awards(216)(41)(279)(70)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options23 12 
Purchases of common stock for treasury (33) (133)
Dividends paid(251)(261)(495)(503)
Other, net(17)(12)(79)(32)
Net cash used in financing activities(631)(293)(572)(696)
Effect of exchange rates on cash18  26 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash732 132 945 (277)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period1,779 1,359 1,566 1,768 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$2,511 $1,491 $2,511 $1,491 
Restricted cash included in other current assets  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$2,504 $1,491 $2,504 $1,491 
10


 Corning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
GAAP Earnings per Common Share
(Unaudited; in millions, except per share amounts)
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share:
Three months ended
June 30,
Six months ended
June 30,
2026202520262025
Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated$559 $469 $930 $626 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic 862 855 860 855 
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options, awards and warrants13 10 17 11 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted875 865 877 866 
Basic earnings per common share$0.65 $0.55 $1.08 $0.73 
Diluted earnings per common share$0.64 $0.54 $1.06 $0.72 
Core Earnings per Share
(Unaudited; in millions, except per share amounts)
The following table sets forth the computation of core earnings per share:
Three months ended
June 30,
Six months ended
June 30,
2026202520262025
Core net income$680 $523 $1,292 $990 
 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic 862 855 860 855 
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options, awards and warrants13 10 17 11 
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted875 865 877 866 
Core earnings per share$0.78 $0.60 $1.47 $1.14 
11


CORE PERFORMANCE MEASURES
Management uses non-GAAP financial measures (our “core performance measures”), together with GAAP financial measures, to evaluate operating performance, make financial and operational decisions, and allocate resources. Management believes that core performance measures, when considered together with the Company’s GAAP results, provide investors with useful supplemental information by facilitating a functional view of operating results and providing additional insight into factors and trends affecting the Company’s performance.
Specifically, in managing the Company and assessing our financial performance, we supplement certain measures included in our consolidated financial statements by excluding specific items and making certain adjustments to arrive at our core performance measures. These measures are intended to supplement, and should not be viewed as a substitute for, the Company’s GAAP financial measures.
Items excluded from certain core performance measures include realized and unrealized gains and losses on our undesignated foreign exchange forward or option contracts and cross-currency swaps, which we refer to as our translated earnings contracts, and on the translation of our foreign-denominated debt. Other excluded items include acquisition-related costs, certain discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments, restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits, certain litigation, regulatory and other legal matters, pension mark-to-market adjustments, and other items that do not reflect the ongoing operating results of the Company.

Prior to April 1, 2026, we included an adjustment to derive our core performance measures that utilized long-term management-determined core rates, which were used in our presentation of the “constant-currency adjustment.” These core rates were applied to all foreign currency exposures for which we were significantly hedged during the applicable period, even though we may have been less than 100% hedged.
Effective April 1, 2026, we prospectively replaced constant-currency reporting with a new non-GAAP adjustment, which we refer to as our “adjustment for hedged exposures” as discussed in more detail below. The prior constant-currency adjustment and the current adjustment for hedged exposures are distinct non-GAAP adjustments determined using different methodologies.
Because a significant portion of the Company’s revenues and expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, the Company maintains a foreign currency risk management program whereby it hedges its foreign currency exposure to the Japanese yen, Mexican peso, Chinese yuan, South Korean won, euro and New Taiwan dollar. Management utilizes the adjustment for hedged exposures for the Optical Communications, Glass Innovations and Automotive segments to reflect the Company’s foreign currency risk management program with respect to these currencies, as applicable to each segment. The most significant adjustment relates to the Japanese yen exposure within the Glass Innovations segment. Management believes that this adjustment for hedged exposures is useful for analyzing underlying business trends and establishing operational goals and forecasts by illustrating results aligned with the currency environment established by the Company’s foreign currency risk management program.
The adjustment for hedged exposures is calculated by applying our hedge rates (as defined below) to the portion of foreign currency exposure that is hedged by the Company’s hedging instruments during the applicable period. These hedging instruments include our translated earnings contracts and non-derivative instruments such as foreign-denominated debt. The identification of hedged exposures is consistent with the Company’s documented foreign exchange risk management practices. The remaining portion of foreign currency exposure that is not hedged is not adjusted and continues to be reflected at the exchange rates used in the Company’s GAAP results during the applicable period. The currency rates used in calculating this adjustment for hedged exposures (our “hedge rates”) reflect the weighted average of the contractual exchange rates of the Company’s hedging instruments in place for foreign currency exposure for the applicable period. The realized and unrealized gains or losses from our translated earnings contracts and non-derivative instruments are excluded from our core performance measures in our GAAP to core reconciliation, and we include the adjustment for hedged exposures to reflect the underlying hedge rates related to these hedging instruments. The adjustment for hedged exposures, when applied to net sales, reflects only the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on the hedged portion of exposure
Management believes the adjustment for hedged exposures provides investors with useful supplemental information regarding operating performance by reflecting the effect of the Company’s foreign currency risk management program on the portion of exposure actually hedged during the applicable period.
Core performance measures for the comparative prior period as presented herein are the amounts as historically reported. The prior constant-currency adjustment and the current adjustment for hedged exposures are distinct non-GAAP adjustments determined using different methodologies and reflect different foreign currency hedging approaches in the periods presented. Prior-period amounts have not been recast to the current-period presentation. Application of the current adjustment for hedged exposures in place of the prior constant-currency adjustment for the comparative 2025 periods would have resulted in higher year-over-year growth rates for core net sales, core net income and core earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026.
12


For a reconciliation of non-GAAP performance measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, refer to “Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures.” With respect to the outlook for future periods, it is not possible to provide reconciliations for these non-GAAP measures because management does not forecast the movement of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar, or other items that do not reflect ongoing operations, nor does it forecast items that have not yet occurred or are out of management’s control. As a result, management is unable to provide outlook information on a GAAP basis.
13


Reconciliation of Non-GAAP MeasuresCorning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
(Unaudited; in millions, except per share amounts)
 Three months ended June 30, 2026
 Net salesIncome before income taxesNet income attributable to Corning IncorporatedEffective tax rate (a)(b)Per Share
As reported - GAAP$4,505 $649 $559 6.2%$0.64 
Adjustment for hedged exposures (1)
233208159  0.18 
Translation loss on foreign denominated debt, net (2)
1 0.00 
Translated earnings contract gain, net (3)
(90)(68) (0.08)
Acquisition-related costs (4)
2618  0.02 
Discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments (5)
(79) (0.09)
Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6)
7160  0.07 
Pension mark-to-market adjustment (7)
2218  0.02 
Loss on investments (8)
1313  0.01 
Gain on sale of business (9)
(2)(1)(0.00)
Core performance measures$4,738 $898 $680 18.5%$0.78 
(a)Based upon statutory tax rates in the specific jurisdiction for each event.
(b)The calculation of the effective tax rate (“ETR”) for GAAP and Core excludes net income attributable to non-controlling interest (“NCI”) of approximately $50 million and $51 million, respectively.
Three months ended June 30, 2025
Net sales
Income before income taxes
Net income attributable to Corning Incorporated
Effective tax rate (a)(b)Per Share
As reported - GAAP$3,862 $584 $469 14.4%$0.54 
Constant-currency adjustment (1)
183159125  0.14 
Translation loss on foreign denominated debt, net (2)
2721  0.02 
Translated earnings contract gain, net (3)
(131)(100) (0.12)
Acquisition-related costs (4)
2921  0.02 
Discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments (5)
(28) (0.03)
Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6)
1 0.00 
Pension mark-to-market adjustment (7)
1612  0.01 
Gain on investments (8)
(6)(6) (0.01)
Loss on sale of assets (10)
10.00 
Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters (11)
(3)(2)(0.00)
Equity in losses of affiliated companies (12)
1290.01
Core performance measures$4,045 $689 $523 19.5%$0.60 
(a)Based upon statutory tax rates in the specific jurisdiction for each event.
(b)The calculation of the ETR for GAAP and Core excludes net income attributable to NCI of approximately $31 million and $32 million, respectively.
Refer to “Items Adjusted from GAAP Measures” for the descriptions of the footnoted reconciling items.



14


Reconciliation of Non-GAAP MeasuresCorning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
(Unaudited; in millions, except per share amounts)
 Six months ended June 30, 2026
 Net salesIncome before income taxesNet income attributable to Corning IncorporatedEffective tax rate (a)(b)Per Share
As reported - GAAP$8,649 $1,178 $930 13.7%$1.06 
Adjustment for hedged exposures (1)
233208159 0.18 
Constant-currency adjustment (1)
201180135 0.15 
Translation gain on foreign denominated debt, net (2)
(5)(4)(0.00)
Translated earnings contract gain, net (3)
(74)(56)(0.06)
Acquisition-related costs (4)
7152 0.06 
Discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments (5)
(49)(0.06)
Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6)
115102 0.12 
Pension mark-to-market adjustment (7)
2117 0.02 
Loss on investments (8)
1919 0.02 
Gain on sale of business (9)
(2)(1)(0.00)
Gain on sale of assets (10)
(16)(12)(0.01)
Core performance measures$9,083 $1,695 $1,292 18.5%$1.47 
(a)Based upon statutory tax rates in the specific jurisdiction for each event.
(b)The calculation of the effective tax rate (“ETR”) for GAAP and Core excludes net income attributable to non-controlling interest (“NCI”) of approximately $87 million and $89 million, respectively.
Six months ended June 30, 2025
Net salesIncome before income taxesNet income attributable to Corning IncorporatedEffective tax rate (a)(b)Per Share
As reported - GAAP$7,314 $824 $626 16.9%$0.72 
Constant-currency adjustment (1)
410339293 0.34 
Translation loss on foreign denominated debt, net (2)
7054 0.06 
Translated earnings contract gain, net (3)
(30)(23)(0.03)
Acquisition-related costs (4)
5943 0.05 
Discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments (5)
(35)(0.04)
Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6)
(6)(4)(0.00)
Pension mark-to-market adjustment (7)
1512 0.01 
Gain on investments (8)
(1)(1)(0.00)
Loss on sale of business (9)
110.01 
Loss on sale of assets (10)
50.00
Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters (11)
70.01 
Equity in losses of affiliated companies (12)
120.01 
Core performance measures$7,724 $1,305 $990 19.5%$1.14 
(a)Based upon statutory tax rates in the specific jurisdiction for each event.
(b)The calculation of the ETR for GAAP and Core excludes net income attributable to NCI of approximately $59 million and $61 million, respectively.
Refer to “Items Adjusted from GAAP Measures” for the descriptions of the footnoted reconciling items.

15


Reconciliation of Non-GAAP MeasuresCorning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
(Unaudited; in millions)
 Three months ended June 30, 2026
Gross
margin
Gross
margin %
Selling, general and administrative expensesResearch, development and engineering expensesOperating
income
Operating
margin %
As reported - GAAP$1,628 36.1%$608 $299 $698 15.5%
Adjustment for hedged exposures (1)
207 206 
Acquisition-related costs (4)
(1) 24 
Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6)
39  39 
Pension mark-to-market adjustment (7)
(18)(4)22 
Core performance measures$1,874 39.6%$590 $295 $989 20.9%
Three months ended June 30, 2025
Gross
margin
Gross
margin %
Selling, general and administrative expensesResearch, development and engineering expensesOperating
income
Operating
margin %
As reported - GAAP$1,392 36.0%$515 $276 $573 14.8%
Constant-currency adjustment (1)
159  158 
Acquisition-related costs (4)
  27 
Pension mark-to-market adjustment (7)
 (11)(3)14 
Loss on sale of assets (10)
  
Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters (11)
  (3)
Core performance measures$1,552 38.4%$508 $274 $770 19.0%
Refer to “Items Adjusted from GAAP Measures” for the descriptions of the footnoted reconciling items.













16


Reconciliation of Non-GAAP MeasuresCorning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
(Unaudited; in millions)
 Six months ended June 30, 2026
Gross
margin
Gross
margin %
Selling, general and administrative expensesResearch, development and engineering expensesOperating
income
Operating
margin %
As reported - GAAP$3,156 36.5%$1,196 $577 $1,337 15.5%
Adjustment for hedged exposures (1)
207 206 
Constant-currency adjustment (1)
177 176 
Acquisition-related costs (4)
(20) 66 
Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6)
50(25) 75 
Pension mark-to-market adjustment (7)
(17)(4)21 
Gain on sale of assets (10)
(16)  (16)
Core performance measures$3,574 39.3%$1,136 $573 $1,865 20.5%
Six months ended June 30, 2025
Gross
margin
Gross
margin %
Selling, general and administrative expensesResearch, development and engineering expensesOperating
income
Operating
margin %
As reported - GAAP$2,606 35.6%$986 $546 $1,018 13.9%
Constant-currency adjustment (1)
339 335 
Acquisition-related costs (4)
  55 
Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits (6)
(3)(1) (2)
Pension mark-to-market adjustment (7)
 (11)(2)13 
Loss on sale of assets (10)
  
Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters (11)
 (7) 
Core performance measures$2,947 38.2%$971 $545 $1,431 18.5%
Refer to “Items Adjusted from GAAP Measures” for the descriptions of the footnoted reconciling items.








17


Reconciliation of Non-GAAP MeasuresCorning Incorporated and Subsidiary Companies
(Unaudited; in millions)
 Three months ended
June 30,
Six months ended
June 30,
 2026202520262025
Cash flows from operating activities$1,717 $708 $2,079 $859 
Realized gains on translated earnings contracts and other$128 $51 $278 $107 
Adjusted cash flows from operating activities$1,845 $759 $2,357 $966 
Less: Capital expenditures$422 $308 $754 $516 
Plus: Proceeds from government incentives  $ 
Adjusted free cash flow$1,423 $451 $1,611 $450 
Core return on invested capital (“core ROIC”) is a non-GAAP measure used by management and can be used by investors to review our investment and capital allocation decisions. We define core ROIC as the after-tax core operating income, inclusive of core equity (losses) earnings from affiliated companies, as a percentage of invested capital, calculated as total equity plus total long-term debt. Core ROIC for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 is calculated by annualizing the after-tax return for the respective period.
Three months ended
June 30,
20262025
Core operating income (1)
$989 $770 
Core equity (losses) earnings in affiliated companies (2)
$(3)$
Core operating income before interest and taxes$986 $773 
Less: Income tax (3)
$182 $151 
Core operating income tax adjusted$804 $622 
Equity$13,127 $11,545 
Debt$8,424 $7,500 
Invested capital$21,551 $19,045 
Core ROIC14.9%13.1%
(1)Refer to the reconciliation of operating income as reported in our GAAP results to core operating income within the “Reconciliation of non-GAAP measures.”
(2)Equity earnings in affiliated companies as reflected within other expense, net in the consolidated statements of income was a loss of $5 million and $11 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively. The difference between equity earnings in affiliated companies as reported in our GAAP results and as reflected as a non-GAAP core performance measure is an adjustment for hedged exposures reporting for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and an adjustment for constant currency reporting for the three months ended June 30, 2025, as described within “Core Performance Measures.” For the three months ended June 30, 2025, the difference also included an adjustment of $12 million for restructuring charges associated with an affiliated company as described within the “Reconciliation on non-GAAP Measures.”
(3)Income tax amounts are calculated based on the core effective tax rate of 18.5% and 19.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively.    
18


Items Adjusted from GAAP Measures
Items adjusted from GAAP measures to arrive at core performance measures are as follows:
(1)Adjustment for hedged exposures: Effective April 1, 2026, the Company replaced its prior constant-currency adjustment with an adjustment for hedged exposures. Because a significant portion of the Company’s revenues and expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, the Company maintains a foreign currency risk management program whereby it hedges its exposure to the Japanese yen, Mexican peso, Chinese yuan, South Korean won, euro and New Taiwan dollar. Management uses the adjustment for hedged exposures for the Optical Communications, Glass Innovations and Automotive segments to reflect the impact of that program, as applicable to each segment. The most significant adjustment relates to Japanese yen exposure within the Glass Innovations segment, which primarily impacts net sales.

The prior constant-currency adjustment and the current adjustment for hedged exposures are distinct non-GAAP adjustments determined using different methodologies. Under the prior methodology, management-determined rates were applied to all foreign currency exposures for which we were significantly hedged during the applicable period, even though we may have been less than 100% hedged. Under the current adjustment for hedged exposures, contractual hedge rates are applied only to the portion of exposure actually hedged during the applicable period, and the remaining unhedged exposure is reflected at the exchange rates included in the Company’s consolidated GAAP results. The prior-period amounts presented herein are the amounts as historically reported.

The table below presents the hedge rates used in calculating the adjustment for hedged exposures for the three months ended June 30, 2026 as well as the percentage of exposure hedged for the same period. Percentages are calculated relative to after-tax earnings exposure.

CurrencyJapanese yenMexican pesoChinese yuanSouth Korean wonEuroNew Taiwan dollar
Hedge Rate
¥120MX$20¥6.8₩1,269€0.88NT$31
% of Exposure Hedged98%94%93%100%89%95%
Constant-currency adjustment: Prior to April 1, 2026, the constant-currency rates used were as follows and were applied to all relevant foreign currency exposures during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and three and six months ended June 30, 2025:
CurrencyJapanese yenMexican pesoChinese yuanSouth Korean wonEuroNew Taiwan dollar
Core Rate¥120MX$21¥6.9₩1,250€0.88NT$31
(2)Translation of foreign denominated debt, net: Amount reflects the gain or loss on the translation of our yen-denominated and euro-denominated debt to U.S. dollars, net of gains or losses on related derivative instruments.
(3)Translated earnings contract, net: Amount reflects the impact of the realized and unrealized gains and losses on our derivative instruments used to hedge Japanese yen, Mexican peso, Chinese yuan, South Korean won, euro and New Taiwan dollar foreign currency exposure related to translated earnings.
(4)Acquisition-related costs: Amount reflects intangible amortization, inventory valuation adjustments, contingent consideration adjustments and external acquisition-related deal costs, as well as other transaction related costs.
(5)Discrete tax items and other tax-related adjustments: Amount reflects certain discrete period tax items such as changes in tax law, the impact of tax audits, changes in tax reserves, changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and stock compensation windfall or shortfall, as well as other tax-related adjustments.
(6)Restructuring, impairment and other charges and credits: Amount reflects certain restructuring, impairment losses and other charges and credits, as well as other expenses, including severance, accelerated depreciation, asset write-offs and facility repairs resulting from power outages, which are not related to ongoing operations.
(7)Pension mark-to-market adjustment: Amount primarily reflects defined benefit pension mark-to-market gains and losses, which arise from changes in actuarial assumptions and the difference between actual and expected returns on plan assets and discount rates.
(8)Gain or loss on investments: Amount reflects the gain or loss recognized on investments due to mark-to-market adjustments for the change in fair value or the disposition of an investment.
(9)Gain or loss on sale of business: Amount reflects the gain or loss recognized for the sale of a business, recorded in other expense, net, on the consolidated statements of income.
(10)Gain or loss on sale of assets: Amount represents the gain or loss recognized for the sale of assets, recorded in cost of sales, on the consolidated statements of income.
(11)Litigation, regulatory and other legal matters: Amount reflects developments in commercial litigation, intellectual property disputes, adjustments to our estimated liability for environmental-related items and other legal matters.
19


(12)Equity in losses of affiliated companies: Amount reflects costs not related to continuing operations of affiliated companies, such as restructuring, impairment losses, inventory adjustments, and other charges and credits.

20

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