[424B2] GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC Prospectus Supplement

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

GS Finance Corp. plans to offer Autocallable Contingent Coupon Index‑Linked Notes due 2029, fully and unconditionally guaranteed by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. The notes reference three equity indices: the Dow Jones Industrial Average (INDU), Russell 2000 (RTY), and S&P 500 (SPX).

The notes pay a contingent monthly coupon of at least $9 per $1,000 (at least 0.9% monthly, up to at least 10.8% per annum) if on the observation date the closing level of each underlier is ≥ 80% of its initial level (the coupon trigger). The notes are automatically called on designated quarterly dates if each underlier is ≥ its initial level, returning $1,000 per note plus any due coupon.

If not called, payment at maturity depends on the lesser performing underlier. If each final level is ≥ the 80% buffer, holders receive $1,000 per note. If any final level is below its buffer, the payoff is reduced by the formula using a buffer rate of 125%, and investors could lose their entire principal. Key dates: trade date October 22, 2025; original issue date October 27, 2025; determination date January 22, 2029; stated maturity January 25, 2029. CUSIP/ISIN: 40058QNP0 / US40058QNP09.

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)

Registration Statement No. 333-284538

The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

	Subject to Completion. Dated October 21, 2025.
	GS Finance Corp. $ Autocallable Contingent Coupon Index-Linked Notes due 2029 guaranteed by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

Payment at Maturity: The amount that you will be paid on your notes at maturity, if they have not been automatically called, in addition to the final coupon, if any, is based on the performance of the underlier with the lowest underlier return. You could lose your entire investment in the notes.

Coupon Payments: The notes will pay a contingent monthly coupon on a coupon payment date if the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its coupon trigger level on the related coupon observation date.

Automatic Call: The notes will be automatically called on a quarterly call payment date if the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level on the related call observation date.

The terms included in the “Key Terms” table below are expected to be as indicated, but such terms will be set on the trade date. You should read the disclosure herein to better understand the terms and risks of your investment, including the credit risk of GS Finance Corp. and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. See page PS-8.

Key Terms
Company (Issuer) / Guarantor:	GS Finance Corp. / The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.
Aggregate face amount:	$
Cash settlement amount:	subject to the automatic call feature, on the stated maturity date, in addition to any coupon then due, the company will pay, for each $1,000 face amount of the notes, an amount in cash equal to:
	•if the final underlier level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its buffer level: $1,000; or
	•if the final underlier level of any underlier is less than its buffer level:
	$1,000 + ($1,000 × the buffer rate × (the lesser performing underlier return + the buffer amount))
Underliers:	the Dow Jones Industrial Average® (current Bloomberg symbol: “INDU Index”), the Russell 2000® Index (current Bloomberg symbol: “RTY Index”) and the S&P 500® Index (current Bloomberg symbol: “SPX Index”)
Coupon trigger level:	for each underlier, 80% of its initial underlier level
Buffer level:	for each underlier, 80% of its initial underlier level
Buffer amount:	20%
Buffer rate:	with respect to an underlier: its initial underlier level ÷ its buffer level, which quotient equals 125%
Initial underlier level:	with respect to an underlier, an intra-day level or the closing level of such underlier on the trade date
Final underlier level:	with respect to an underlier, the closing level of such underlier on the determination date*
Underlier return:	with respect to an underlier: (its final underlier level - its initial underlier level) ÷ its initial underlier level
Lesser performing underlier return:	the underlier return of the lesser performing underlier (the underlier with the lowest underlier return)
Calculation agent:	Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (“GS&Co.”)
CUSIP / ISIN:	40058QNP0 / US40058QNP09

* subject to adjustment as described in the accompanying general terms supplement

Our estimated value of the notes on trade date / Additional amount / Additional amount end date: $920 to $960 per $1,000 face amount, which is less than the original issue price. The additional amount is $ and the additional amount end date is . See “The Estimated Value of Your Notes At the Time the Terms of Your Notes Are Set On the Trade Date Is Less Than the Original Issue Price Of Your Notes.”

Original issue price	Underwriting discount	Net proceeds to the issuer
100% of the face amount	% of the face amount1	% of the face amount

1 See "Supplemental Plan of Distribution; Conflicts of Interest" for additional information regarding the fees comprising the underwriting discount.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. The notes are not bank deposits and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC

Pricing Supplement No. dated , 2025.

Key Terms (continued)
Coupon:	subject to the automatic call feature, on each coupon payment date, the company will pay, for each $1,000 of the outstanding face amount, an amount in cash equal to: •if the closing level of each underlier on the related coupon observation date is greater than or equal to its coupon trigger level: at least $9 (at least 0.9% monthly, or the potential for up to at least 10.8% per annum); or •if the closing level of any underlier on the related coupon observation date is less than its coupon trigger level: $0
Automatic call feature:	The notes will be automatically called if the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level on any call observation date. In that case, the company will pay, for each $1,000 of the outstanding face amount, an amount in cash on the following call payment date equal to $1,000 (along with the coupon then due).
Trade date:	October 22, 2025
Original issue date:	October 27, 2025
Determination date:	the last coupon observation date, January 22, 2029*
Stated maturity date:	January 25, 2029*

Call observation dates:	the coupon observation dates occurring on January 22, 2026, April 22, 2026, July 22, 2026, October 22, 2026, January 22, 2027, April 22, 2027, July 22, 2027, October 22, 2027, January 24, 2028, April 24, 2028, July 24, 2028 and October 23, 2028
Call payment dates:	the coupon payment date immediately after the applicable call observation date

Coupon observation dates*	Coupon payment dates*
November 24, 2025	November 28, 2025
December 22, 2025	December 26, 2025
January 22, 2026	January 27, 2026
February 23, 2026	February 26, 2026
March 23, 2026	March 26, 2026
April 22, 2026	April 27, 2026
May 22, 2026	May 28, 2026
June 22, 2026	June 25, 2026
July 22, 2026	July 27, 2026
August 24, 2026	August 27, 2026
September 22, 2026	September 25, 2026
October 22, 2026	October 27, 2026
November 23, 2026	November 27, 2026
December 22, 2026	December 28, 2026
January 22, 2027	January 27, 2027
February 22, 2027	February 25, 2027
March 22, 2027	March 25, 2027
April 22, 2027	April 27, 2027
May 24, 2027	May 27, 2027
June 22, 2027	June 25, 2027
July 22, 2027	July 27, 2027
August 23, 2027	August 26, 2027
September 22, 2027	September 27, 2027
October 22, 2027	October 27, 2027
November 22, 2027	November 26, 2027
December 22, 2027	December 27, 2027
January 24, 2028	January 27, 2028
February 22, 2028	February 25, 2028
March 22, 2028	March 27, 2028
April 24, 2028	April 27, 2028
May 22, 2028	May 25, 2028
June 22, 2028	June 27, 2028
July 24, 2028	July 27, 2028
August 22, 2028	August 25, 2028
September 22, 2028	September 27, 2028
October 23, 2028	October 26, 2028
November 22, 2028	November 28, 2028
December 22, 2028	December 28, 2028
January 22, 2029	January 25, 2029

* subject to adjustment as described in the accompanying general terms supplement

PS-2

The issue price, underwriting discount and net proceeds listed above relate to the notes we sell initially. We may decide to sell additional notes after the date of this pricing supplement, at issue prices and with underwriting discounts and net proceeds that differ from the amounts set forth above. The return (whether positive or negative) on your investment in notes will depend in part on the issue price you pay for such notes.

GS Finance Corp. may use this prospectus in the initial sale of the notes. In addition, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC or any other affiliate of GS Finance Corp. may use this prospectus in a market-making transaction in a note after its initial sale. Unless GS Finance Corp. or its agent informs the purchaser otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this prospectus is being used in a market-making transaction.

About Your Prospectus

The notes are part of the Medium-Term Notes, Series F program of GS Finance Corp. and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. This prospectus includes this pricing supplement and the accompanying documents listed below. This pricing supplement constitutes a supplement to the documents listed below, does not set forth all of the terms of your notes and therefore should be read in conjunction with such documents:

•General terms supplement no. 17,744 dated October 20, 2025

•Underlier supplement no. 46 dated September 22, 2025

•Prospectus supplement dated February 14, 2025

•Prospectus dated February 14, 2025

The information in this pricing supplement supersedes any conflicting information in the documents listed above. In addition, some of the terms or features described in the listed documents may not apply to your notes.

We have not authorized anyone to provide any information or to make any representations other than those contained in or incorporated by reference in this pricing supplement and the accompanying documents listed above. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may provide. This pricing supplement and the accompanying documents listed above are an offer to sell only the notes offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this pricing supplement and the accompanying documents listed above is current only as of the respective dates of such documents.

We refer to the notes we are offering by this pricing supplement as the “offered notes” or the “notes”. Each of the offered notes has the terms described below. Please note that in this pricing supplement, references to “GS Finance Corp.”, “we”, “our” and “us” mean only GS Finance Corp. and do not include its subsidiaries or affiliates, references to “The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.”, our parent company, mean only The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and do not include its subsidiaries or affiliates and references to “Goldman Sachs” mean The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries and affiliates, including us. The notes will be issued under the senior debt indenture, dated as of October 10, 2008, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 20, 2015, each among us, as issuer, The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor, and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee. This indenture, as so supplemented and as further supplemented thereafter, is referred to as the “GSFC 2008 indenture” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.

The notes will be issued in book-entry form and represented by master note no. 3, dated March 22, 2021.

PS-3

HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLES

The following examples are provided for purposes of illustration only. The examples should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and merely are intended to illustrate (i) the impact that the various hypothetical closing levels of the underliers on a coupon observation date could have on the coupon payable, if any, on the related coupon payment date and (ii) the impact that the various hypothetical closing levels of the lesser performing underlier on the determination date could have on the cash settlement amount at maturity assuming all other variables remain constant and are not intended to predict the closing levels of the underliers.

The information in the following examples reflects hypothetical rates of return on the offered notes assuming that they are purchased on the original issue date at the face amount and held to a call payment date or the stated maturity date. If you sell your notes in a secondary market prior to a call payment date or the stated maturity date, as the case may be, your return will depend upon the market value of your notes at the time of sale, which may be affected by a number of factors that are not reflected in the examples below, such as interest rates, the volatility of the underliers, the creditworthiness of GS Finance Corp., as issuer, and the creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor. The information in the examples also reflects the key terms and assumptions in the box below.

Key Terms and Assumptions
Face amount	$1,000
Coupon	$9 (0.9% monthly, or the potential for up to 10.8% per annum)
Coupon trigger level	with respect to each underlier, 80% of its initial underlier level
Buffer level	with respect to each underlier, 80% of its initial underlier level
Buffer amount	20%
Buffer rate	125%

The notes are not automatically called, unless otherwise indicated below

Neither a market disruption event nor a non-trading day occurs on any originally scheduled coupon observation date or call observation date or the originally scheduled determination date

No change in or affecting any of the underlier stocks or the method by which the applicable underlier sponsor calculates any underlier

Notes purchased on original issue date at the face amount and held to a call payment date or the stated maturity date

For these reasons, the actual performance of the underliers over the life of your notes, the actual underlier levels on any call observation date or coupon observation date, as well as the coupon payable, if any, on each coupon payment date, may bear little relation to the hypothetical examples shown below or to the historical underlier levels shown elsewhere in this pricing supplement.

Also, the hypothetical examples shown below do not take into account the effects of applicable taxes.

PS-4

Hypothetical Coupon Payments

The examples below show the hypothetical coupon, if any, that we would pay on each coupon payment date with respect to each $1,000 face amount of the notes if the hypothetical closing level of each underlier on the applicable coupon observation date was the percentage of its initial underlier level shown.

Scenario 1

Coupon Observation Date	Hypothetical Closing Level of the Dow Jones Industrial Average® (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Closing Level of the Russell 2000® Index (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Closing Level of the S&P 500® Index (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Coupon
1	130.000%	85.000%	90.000%	$9.000
2	70.000%	30.000%	25.000%	$0.000
3	85.000%	90.000%	87.000%	$9.000
4	70.000%	60.000%	70.000%	$0.000
5	70.000%	68.000%	30.000%	$0.000
6	90.000%	55.000%	95.000%	$0.000
7	99.000%	82.000%	110.000%	$9.000
8	110.000%	105.000%	50.000%	$0.000
9	99.000%	69.000%	55.000%	$0.000
10	90.000%	65.000%	70.000%	$0.000
11	110.000%	50.000%	55.000%	$0.000
12 - 39	70.000%	70.000%	68.000%	$0.000
			Total Hypothetical Coupons	$27.000

In Scenario 1, the hypothetical closing level of each underlier has increased or decreased relative to the initial underlier level on each hypothetical coupon observation date. On the coupon payment dates relating to coupon observation dates on which the hypothetical closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its coupon trigger level, you will receive a coupon payment. However, on the coupon payment dates relating to coupon observation dates on which the hypothetical closing level of at least one underlier is less than its coupon trigger level, you will not receive a coupon payment.

Scenario 2

Coupon Observation Date	Hypothetical Closing Level of the Dow Jones Industrial Average® (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Closing Level of the Russell 2000® Index (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Closing Level of the S&P 500® Index (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Coupon
1	130.000%	60.000%	65.000%	$0.000
2	90.000%	65.000%	125.000%	$0.000
3	90.000%	70.000%	82.000%	$0.000
4	90.000%	135.000%	70.000%	$0.000
5	90.000%	70.000%	70.000%	$0.000
6	90.000%	70.000%	65.000%	$0.000
7	99.000%	60.000%	105.000%	$0.000
8	110.000%	50.000%	83.000%	$0.000
9	99.000%	60.000%	55.000%	$0.000
10	90.000%	70.000%	75.000%	$0.000
11	110.000%	55.000%	50.000%	$0.000
12 - 39	70.000%	65.000%	70.000%	$0.000
			Total Hypothetical Coupons	$0.000

In Scenario 2, the hypothetical closing level of each underlier has increased or decreased relative to the initial underlier level on each hypothetical coupon observation date. However, you will not receive a coupon payment on any coupon payment date because in each case the hypothetical closing level of at least one underlier on the related coupon observation date is less than its coupon trigger level. The overall return you earn on your notes will be less than zero.

PS-5

Scenario 3

Coupon Observation Date	Hypothetical Closing Level of the Dow Jones Industrial Average® (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Closing Level of the Russell 2000® Index (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Closing Level of the S&P 500® Index (as Percentage of Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Coupon
1	70.000%	70.000%	70.000%	$0.000
2	70.000%	60.000%	60.000%	$0.000
3	110.000%	105.000%	108.000%	$9.000
			Total Hypothetical Coupons	$9.000

In Scenario 3, the hypothetical closing level of each underlier is less than its coupon trigger level on the first two hypothetical coupon observation dates, but increases to a level that is greater than its initial underlier level on the third hypothetical coupon observation date. Because the hypothetical closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level on the third hypothetical coupon observation date (which is also the first hypothetical call observation date), your notes will be automatically called. Therefore, on the corresponding hypothetical call payment date, in addition to the coupon payment, you will receive an amount in cash equal to $1,000 for each $1,000 face amount of your notes.

PS-6

Hypothetical Payment at Maturity

If the notes are not automatically called on any call observation date, the cash settlement amount that we would deliver for each $1,000 face amount of your notes on the stated maturity date will depend on the performance of the lesser performing underlier on the determination date, as shown in the table below. The table below assumes that the notes have not been automatically called on a call observation date and does not include the final coupon, if any. If the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier is less than its coupon trigger level, you will not be paid a final coupon at maturity.

The levels in the left column of the table below represent hypothetical final underlier levels of the lesser performing underlier and are expressed as percentages of the initial underlier level of the lesser performing underlier. The amounts in the right column represent the hypothetical cash settlement amounts, based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier, and are expressed as percentages of the face amount of a note (rounded to the nearest one-thousandth of a percent). Thus, a hypothetical cash settlement amount of 100.000% means that the value of the cash payment that we would deliver for each $1,000 of the outstanding face amount of the offered notes on the stated maturity date would equal 100.000% of the face amount of a note, based on the corresponding hypothetical final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier and the assumptions noted above.

Hypothetical Final Underlier Level of the Lesser Performing Underlier (as Percentage of Its Initial Underlier Level)	Hypothetical Cash Settlement Amount (as Percentage of Face Amount)
200.000%	100.000%*
167.000%	100.000%*
133.000%	100.000%*
100.000%	100.000%*
93.000%	100.000%*
87.000%	100.000%*
80.000%	100.000%*
60.000%	75.000%
40.000%	50.000%
20.000%	25.000%
0.000%	0.000%

*Does not include the final coupon

As shown in the table above, if the notes have not been automatically called on a call observation date:

•If the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier were determined to be 20.000% of its initial underlier level, the cash settlement amount that we would deliver on your notes at maturity would be 25.000% of the face amount of your notes.

○As a result, if you purchased your notes on the original issue date at the face amount and held them to the stated maturity date, you would lose 75.000% of your investment (if you purchased your notes at a premium to face amount you would lose a correspondingly higher percentage of your investment).

•If the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier were determined to be 200.000% of its initial underlier level, the cash settlement amount that we would deliver on your notes at maturity would be limited to 100.000% of each $1,000 face amount of your notes.

○As a result, if you held your notes to the stated maturity date, you would not benefit from any increase in the final underlier level of the lesser performing underlier over its initial underlier level.

PS-7

SELECTED RISK FACTORS

An investment in your notes is subject to the risks summarized below. These risks, as well as other risks and considerations, are explained in more detail in the accompanying documents listed above under “About Your Prospectus”. You should carefully review these risks and considerations as well as the terms of the notes described herein and in such accompanying documents. Your notes are a riskier investment than ordinary debt securities. Also, your notes are not equivalent to investing directly in the underlier stocks (i.e., with respect to an underlier to which your notes are linked, the stocks comprising such underlier). You should carefully consider whether the offered notes are appropriate given your particular circumstances.

Risks Related to Structure, Valuation and Secondary Market Sales

The Estimated Value of Your Notes At the Time the Terms of Your Notes Are Set On the Trade Date (as Determined By Reference to Pricing Models Used By GS&Co.) Is Less Than the Original Issue Price Of Your Notes

The original issue price for your notes exceeds the estimated value of your notes as of the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date, as determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing models and taking into account our credit spreads. After the trade date, the estimated value as determined by reference to these models will be affected by changes in market conditions, the creditworthiness of GS Finance Corp., as issuer, the creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor, and other relevant factors. The price at which GS&Co. would initially buy or sell your notes (if GS&Co. makes a market, which it is not obligated to do), and the value that GS&Co. will initially use for account statements and otherwise, also exceeds the estimated value of your notes as determined by reference to these models. As agreed by GS&Co. and the distribution participants, this excess (i.e., the additional amount set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement) will decline to zero on a straight line basis over the period from the date hereof through the additional amount end date set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement. Thereafter, if GS&Co. buys or sells your notes it will do so at prices that reflect the estimated value determined by reference to such pricing models at that time. The price at which GS&Co. will buy or sell your notes at any time also will reflect its then current bid and ask spread for similar sized trades of structured notes.

In estimating the value of your notes as of the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date, GS&Co.’s pricing models consider certain variables, including principally our credit spreads, interest rates (forecasted, current and historical rates), volatility, price-sensitivity analysis and the time to maturity of the notes. These pricing models are proprietary and rely in part on certain assumptions about future events, which may prove to be incorrect. As a result, the actual value you would receive if you sold your notes in the secondary market, if any, to others may differ, perhaps materially, from the estimated value of your notes determined by reference to our models due to, among other things, any differences in pricing models or assumptions used by others. See “The Market Value of Your Notes May Be Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors” below.

The difference between the estimated value of your notes as of the time the terms of your notes are set on the trade date and the original issue price is a result of certain factors, including principally the underwriting discount and commissions, the expenses incurred in creating, documenting and marketing the notes, and an estimate of the difference between the amounts we pay to GS&Co. and the amounts GS&Co. pays to us in connection with your notes. We pay to GS&Co. amounts based on what we would pay to holders of a non-structured note with a similar maturity. In return for such payment, GS&Co. pays to us the amounts we owe under your notes.

In addition to the factors discussed above, the value and quoted price of your notes at any time will reflect many factors and cannot be predicted. If GS&Co. makes a market in the notes, the price quoted by GS&Co. would reflect any changes in market conditions and other relevant factors, including any deterioration in our creditworthiness or perceived creditworthiness or the creditworthiness or perceived creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. These changes may adversely affect the value of your notes, including the price you may receive for your notes in any market making transaction. To the extent that GS&Co. makes a market in the notes, the quoted price will reflect the estimated value determined by reference to GS&Co.’s pricing models at that time, plus or minus its then current bid and ask spread for similar sized trades of structured notes (and subject to the declining excess amount described above).

Furthermore, if you sell your notes, you will likely be charged a commission for secondary market transactions, or the price will likely reflect a dealer discount. This commission or discount will further reduce the proceeds you would receive for your notes in a secondary market sale.

There is no assurance that GS&Co. or any other party will be willing to purchase your notes at any price and, in this regard, GS&Co. is not obligated to make a market in the notes. See “Additional Risk Factors Specific to the Notes — Your Notes May Not Have an Active Trading Market” in the accompanying general terms supplement.

The Notes Are Subject to the Credit Risk of the Issuer and the Guarantor

Investors are dependent on our ability and the ability of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., as guarantor of the notes, to pay all amounts due on the notes. Therefore, investors are subject to the credit risk, and to changes in the market’s view of the creditworthiness, of the issuer and the guarantor. See “Description of the Notes We May Offer — Information About Our Medium-Term Notes, Series F Program — How the Notes Rank Against Other Debt” in the accompanying prospectus

PS-8

supplement and “Description of Debt Securities We May Offer — Guarantee by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.” in the accompanying prospectus.

You May Lose Your Entire Investment

Assuming your notes are not automatically called, if the final underlier level of any underlier is less than its buffer level, you will have a loss for each $1,000 of the face amount of your notes equal to the product of (i) the buffer rate times (ii) the sum of the lesser performing underlier return plus the buffer amount times (iii) $1,000. Thus, you may lose your entire investment in the notes, which would include any premium to face amount you paid when you purchased the notes.

Also, the market price of your notes prior to a call payment date or the stated maturity date, as the case may be, may be significantly lower than the purchase price you pay for your notes. Consequently, if you sell your notes before the stated maturity date, you may receive far less than the amount of your investment in the notes.

You May Not Receive a Coupon on Any Coupon Payment Date

If the closing level of any underlier on the related coupon observation date is less than its coupon trigger level, you will not receive a coupon payment on the applicable coupon payment date. If this occurs on every coupon observation date, the overall return you earn on your notes will be less than zero and will be less than you would have earned by investing in a note that bears interest at the prevailing market rate.

You should be aware that, with respect to any prior coupon observation dates that did not result in the payment of a coupon, you will not be compensated for any opportunity cost implied by inflation and other factors relating to the time value of money.

Your Notes Are Subject to Automatic Redemption

We will automatically call and redeem all, but not part, of your notes on a call payment date if, as measured on any call observation date, the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its initial underlier level. Therefore, the term for your notes may be significantly reduced. You may not be able to reinvest the proceeds from an investment in the notes at a comparable return for a similar level of risk in the event the notes are automatically called prior to maturity. For the avoidance of doubt, if your notes are automatically called, no discounts, commissions or fees described herein will be rebated or reduced.

The Coupon Does Not Reflect the Actual Performance of the Underliers from the Trade Date to Any Coupon Observation Date or from Coupon Observation Date to Coupon Observation Date

The coupon for each coupon payment date is different from, and may be less than, a coupon determined based on the percentage difference of the closing levels of the underliers between the trade date and any coupon observation date or between two coupon observation dates.

The Cash Settlement Amount Will Be Based Solely on the Lesser Performing Underlier

If the notes are not automatically called, the cash settlement amount will be based on the lesser performing underlier without regard to the performance of any other underlier, even if there is an increase in the level of any other underlier.

You Have No Shareholder Rights or Rights to Receive Any Underlier Stock

Investing in your notes will not make you a holder of any of the underlier stocks. Neither you nor any other holder or owner of your notes will have any rights with respect to the underlier stocks, including any voting rights, any rights to receive dividends or other distributions, any rights to make a claim against the underlier stocks or any other rights of a holder of the underlier stocks. Payments on your notes will be made in cash and you will have no right to receive delivery of any underlier stocks.

The Market Value of Your Notes May Be Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors

When we refer to the market value of your notes, we mean the value that you could receive for your notes if you chose to sell them in the open market before the stated maturity date. A number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, will influence the market value of your notes, including:

•the levels of the underliers;

•the volatility — i.e., the frequency and magnitude of changes — in the closing levels of the underliers;

•the dividend rates of the underlier stocks;

•economic, financial, regulatory, political, military, public health and other events that affect stock markets generally and the underlier stocks, and which may affect the closing levels of the underliers;

•interest rates and yield rates in the market;

•the time remaining until your notes mature; and

•our creditworthiness and the creditworthiness of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., whether actual or perceived, and including actual or anticipated upgrades or downgrades in our credit ratings or the credit ratings of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. or changes in other credit measures.

PS-9

Without limiting the foregoing, the market value of your notes may be negatively impacted by increasing interest rates. Such adverse impact of increasing interest rates could be significantly enhanced in notes with longer-dated maturities, the market values of which are generally more sensitive to increasing interest rates.

These factors may influence the market value of your notes if you sell your notes before maturity, including the price you may receive for your notes in any market making transaction. If you sell your notes prior to maturity, you may receive less than the face amount of your notes. You cannot predict the future performance of the underliers based on their historical performance.

Risks Related to Tax

The Tax Consequences of an Investment in Your Notes Are Uncertain

The tax consequences of an investment in your notes are uncertain, both as to the timing and character of any inclusion of income in respect of your notes.

Except to the extent otherwise provided by law, GS Finance Corp. intends to continue treating the notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes in accordance with the treatment described under “Supplemental Discussion of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” below unless and until such time as Congress, the Treasury Department or the Internal Revenue Service determine that some other treatment is more appropriate. Please also consult your tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax and any other applicable tax consequences to you of owning your notes in your particular circumstances.

PS-10

THE UNDERLIERS

Dow Jones Industrial Average®

The Dow Jones Industrial Average® is a price-weighted index composed of 30 stocks that measures the performance of some of the largest U.S. companies selected at the discretion of an Averages Committee that selects the underlier components as the largest and leading stocks of the sectors that are representative of the U.S. equity market, excluding the transportation and utilities industries.

For more details about the Dow Jones Industrial Average®, the underlier sponsor and license agreement between the underlier sponsor and the issuer, see “The Underliers — Dow Jones Industrial Average®” in the accompanying underlier supplement.

S&P is a registered trademark of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”) and Dow Jones®, DJIA®, The Dow® and Dow Jones Industrial Average® are trademarks of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (“Dow Jones”). The trademarks have been licensed to S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC and its affiliates and have been sublicensed for certain purposes by GS Finance Corp. The “Dow Jones Industrial Average®” is a product of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC and/or its affiliates, and has been licensed for use by GS Finance Corp. The notes are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, Dow Jones®, S&P or any of their respective affiliates (collectively, “S&P Dow Jones Indices”). S&P Dow Jones Indices make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the notes or any members of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the notes particularly or the ability of the Dow Jones Industrial Average® to track general market performance.

Russell 2000® Index

The Russell 2000® Index measures the composite price performance of stocks of 2,000 companies incorporated in the U.S., its territories and certain “benefit-driven incorporation countries.” The Russell 2000® Index is designed to track the performance of the small capitalization segment of the U.S. equity market.

For more details about the Russell 2000® Index, the underlier sponsor and license agreement between the underlier sponsor and the issuer, see “The Underliers — Russell 2000® Index” in the accompanying underlier supplement.

The Russell 2000® Index is a trademark of FTSE Russell (“Russell”) and has been licensed for use by GS Finance Corp. The notes are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Russell, and Russell makes no representation regarding the advisability of investing in the notes.

S&P 500® Index

The S&P 500® Index includes a representative sample of 500 companies in leading industries of the U.S. economy and is intended to provide a performance benchmark for the large-cap U.S. equity markets.

For more details about the S&P 500® Index, the underlier sponsor and license agreement between the underlier sponsor and the issuer, see “The Underliers — S&P 500® Index” in the accompanying underlier supplement.

The S&P 500® Index is a product of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, and has been licensed for use by GS Finance Corp. (“Goldman”). Standard & Poor’s® and S&P® are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC; Dow Jones® is a registered trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (“Dow Jones”) and these trademarks have been licensed for use by S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC and sublicensed for certain purposes by Goldman. Goldman’s notes are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, Dow Jones, Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC or any of their respective affiliates and neither S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, Dow Jones, Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC or any of their respective affiliates make any representation regarding the advisability of investing in such notes.

PS-11

Historical Closing Levels of the Underliers

The closing levels of the underliers have fluctuated in the past and may, in the future, experience significant fluctuations.

Before investing in the offered notes, you should consult publicly available information to determine the levels of each underlier between the date of this pricing supplement and the date of your purchase of the offered notes. You should not take the historical levels of an underlier as an indication of the future performance of that underlier.

The graphs below show the daily historical closing levels of each underlier from January 2, 2020 through October 17, 2025. We obtained the closing levels in the graphs below from Bloomberg Financial Services, without independent verification. Although the official closing levels of the Russell 2000® Index are published to six decimal places by the underlier sponsor, Bloomberg Financial Services reports the levels of the Russell 2000® Index to fewer decimal places.

Historical Performance of the Dow Jones Industrial Average®

Historical Performance of the Russell 2000® Index

PS-12

Historical Performance of the S&P 500® Index

PS-13

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCUSSION OF U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES

No statutory, judicial or administrative authority directly addresses how your notes should be characterized and treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in your notes are uncertain. The following section is the opinion of Sidley Austin LLP, counsel to GS Finance Corp. and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. You will be obligated pursuant to the terms of the notes - in the absence of a change in law, an administrative determination or a judicial ruling to the contrary - to characterize each note for all tax purposes as an income-bearing pre-paid derivative contract in respect of the underliers, as described under “Supplemental Discussion of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” in the accompanying general terms supplement. Pursuant to this approach, it is the opinion of Sidley Austin LLP that it is likely that coupon payments will be taxed as ordinary income in accordance with your regular method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If you are a non-United States holder of the notes, we intend to withhold on coupon payments made to you at a 30% rate or at a lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty. In addition, upon the sale, exchange, redemption or maturity of your notes, it would be reasonable for you to recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between the amount of cash you receive at such time (excluding any amounts attributable to accrued and unpaid coupon payments, which will be taxable as described above) and your tax basis in your notes.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, since the appropriate U.S. federal income tax characterization and treatment of your notes are uncertain, it is possible that the Internal Revenue Service could assert a different characterization and treatment than that described immediately above. In this case, the timing and character of income, gain or loss recognized with respect to your notes could substantially differ from that described above.

In addition, we have determined that, as of the issue date of the notes, the notes will not be subject to dividend equivalent withholding under section 871(m) of the Internal Revenue Code (the “871 withholding rules”). In certain circumstances, however, it is possible for non-United States holders to be liable for tax under the 871 withholding rules with respect to a combination of transactions entered into in connection with each other even when no withholding is required. Non-United States holders should consult their tax advisors concerning the potential application of the 871 withholding rules to an investment in the notes.

Pursuant to Treasury regulations, Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) withholding (as described in “United States Taxation—Taxation of Debt Securities—Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) Withholding” in the accompanying prospectus) will generally apply to obligations that are issued on or after July 1, 2014; therefore, the notes will generally be subject to the FATCA withholding rules.

PS-14

SUPPLEMENTAL PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION; CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

See “Supplemental Plan of Distribution” in the accompanying general terms supplement and “Plan of Distribution — Conflicts of Interest” in the accompanying prospectus.

GS Finance Corp. will sell to GS&Co., and GS&Co. will purchase from GS Finance Corp., the aggregate face amount of the offered notes specified on the front cover of this pricing supplement. GS&Co. proposes initially to offer the notes to the public at the original issue price set forth on the cover page of this pricing supplement, and to certain securities dealers at such price less a concession not in excess of % of the face amount. GS&Co. will pay a fee of % from the concession to Axio Financial LLC in connection with its marketing efforts related to the offered notes. GS&Co. is an affiliate of GS Finance Corp. and The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and, as such, will have a “conflict of interest” in this offering of notes within the meaning of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (FINRA) Rule 5121. Consequently, this offering of notes will be conducted in compliance with the provisions of FINRA Rule 5121. GS&Co. will not be permitted to sell notes in this offering to an account over which it exercises discretionary authority without the prior specific written approval of the account holder. We have been advised that GS&Co. will also pay a fee to iCapital Markets LLC, a broker-dealer in which an affiliate of GS Finance Corp. holds an indirect minority equity interest, for services it is providing in connection with this offering.

We will deliver the notes against payment therefor in New York, New York on the original issue date set forth on the cover page of this pricing supplement. Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in one business day, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade notes on any date prior to one business day before delivery will be required to specify alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement.

We have been advised by GS&Co. that it intends to make a market in the notes. However, neither GS&Co. nor any of our other affiliates that makes a market is obligated to do so and any of them may stop doing so at any time without notice. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity or trading market for the notes.

The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange or interdealer quotation system.

PS-15