Krystal Biotech Q3 profit falls 21% to $63.1M
The board authorized up to $400 million in repurchases, alongside approximately $911.9 million in cash, equivalents and short-term investments.
Sentiment and the balance of points
Rhea-AI Sentiment reads the wording of the document, how positive or negative its language is on a 1 to 5 scale. The balance of points shown with the takes weighs what the document actually discloses, so the two can disagree, for example when a trial that missed its main goal is described in upbeat language.
Form Type
10-Q
Krystal Biotech, Inc. reported third-quarter 2026 product revenue, net, of $127.3 million, up 30% from $97.8 million a year earlier, with the increase primarily driven by VYJUVEK sales following launches in Europe and Japan. Net income was $63.1 million, versus $79.4 million; the comparison includes a $31.4 million income tax benefit in 2025 and a $17.1 million income tax expense in 2026. For the first nine months, product revenue was $362.9 million versus $282.0 million, and net income was $173.8 million versus $153.4 million.
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled approximately $911.9 million as of September 30, 2026; management expects these funds to support planned operations for at least 12 months from the report date. Net cash provided by operating activities was $246.4 million, compared with $123.4 million a year earlier. In October, the board authorized repurchases of up to $400 million of common stock; the program has no expiration date and does not obligate the company to buy a particular amount.
Krystal expects the last patient visit in its KB803 IOLITE study in February 2027, with top-line results shortly thereafter. Enrollment in the KB801 EMERALD-1 study is ongoing, with enrollment completion and top-line results expected in 2027.
2 points · 0 major0 major · 1 point
How this balance works
Rhea-AI gives every point it takes from this document a weight. Minor counts 1, Moderate 3 and Major 9, so one Major point outweighs several Minor ones. The bar adds up the weights on each side, and when neither side holds more than 65% of the total the balance reads Mixed.
It reads the document as published, with the same rules for every company, and it does not look at what the market expected or at how the stock traded, so a point can be objectively good on a day the stock falls.
Rhea-AI Sentiment measures something else, the tone of the wording.
Positive
- Moderate pointQuarterly product revenue rose 30% to $127.3 million.
- Moderate pointNine-month net income increased 13% to $173.8 million.
Negative
- Moderate pointThird-quarter net income declined 21% to $63.1 million.
Filing Explained
A director-compensation derivative case was dismissed with prejudice after court approval on September 15, 2026; the settlement requires Krystal to maintain specified governance reforms for five years and includes no admission of fault or wrongdoing.
Key Figures
Product revenue, net: $127.3 million
Product revenue, net: $362.9 million
Net income: $63.1 million
+4 more
7 metrics
Product revenue, net
$127.3 million
Three months ended September 30, 2026; $97.8 million in 2025
Product revenue, net
$362.9 million
Nine months ended September 30, 2026; $282.0 million in 2025
Net income
$63.1 million
Three months ended September 30, 2026; $79.4 million in 2025
Net income
$173.8 million
Nine months ended September 30, 2026; $153.4 million in 2025
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
Approximately $911.9 million
As of September 30, 2026
Net cash provided by operating activities
$246.4 million
Nine months ended September 30, 2026; $123.4 million in 2025
Common stock repurchase authorization
Up to $400 million
Authorized by the board in October 2026
Key Terms
variable consideration, anti-dilutive, Complex Innovative Trial Design, abscopal effect
4 terms
variable consideration financial
"includes an estimate of variable consideration, which may include discounts, returns, and rebates"
anti-dilutive financial
"as their effect would be anti-dilutive"
A claim, security feature, or action described as anti-dilutive prevents or does not cause a reduction in existing shareholders’ per-share values when additional shares could be issued. For example, certain convertible securities or corporate actions are treated as anti-dilutive for earnings-per-share calculations if including them would raise EPS rather than lower it; investors watch this because it affects reported per-share metrics, ownership percentages, and valuation comparisons, like keeping pie slices the same size instead of making them smaller.
Complex Innovative Trial Design regulatory
"selected for the FDA’s Complex Innovative Trial Design (“CID”) Meeting Program"
abscopal effect medical
"consistent with an abscopal effect"
A rare immune-driven reaction where treating a tumor in one spot—often with targeted radiation—leads to shrinkage of tumors elsewhere in the body that weren’t directly treated. Investors should care because it suggests a local therapy can produce broader, systemic benefits, potentially improving clinical trial results, increasing treatment value, and expanding market opportunities; think of fixing one small leak and discovering it helps reduce damage throughout the whole house.
FAQ
AI-generated questions and answers. How Rhea-AI works. Not financial advice.
How much product revenue did KRYS report in the third quarter of 2026?
Krystal Biotech reported $127.3 million of product revenue, net, for the three months ended September 30, 2026, compared with $97.8 million in the same period of 2025. The company attributed the increase primarily to VYJUVEK sales following launches in Europe and Japan.
How much stock did KRYS authorize for repurchase?
The board authorized repurchases of up to $400 million of common stock in October 2026. Purchases may be made in open-market or privately negotiated transactions, among other permitted methods. The program has no expiration date and does not require the company to buy a particular amount.
When does KRYS expect results from the KB803 IOLITE study?
Krystal expects the last patient visit in IOLITE in February 2027, with top-line results shortly thereafter. IOLITE evaluates KB803 for the treatment and prevention of corneal abrasions in patients with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.
AI-generated analysis. How Rhea-AI works. Not financial advice.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_____________________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
_____________________________________________________
(Mark One)
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2026
or
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 001-38210
_____________________________________________________
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
_____________________________________________________
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) | |||||||
(412 ) 586-5830
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ||||||||||||||||||
Emerging growth company ☐
If emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of October 28, 2026, there were 29,633,472 shares of the registrant’s common stock issued and outstanding.
Krystal Biotech, Inc.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page No. | |||||||||||
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION | |||||||||||
Item 1. | Financial Statements | ||||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2026 (unaudited) and December 31, 2025 | 3 | ||||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 (unaudited) | 4 | ||||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 (unaudited) | 5 | ||||||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 (unaudited) | 7 | ||||||||||
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 8 | ||||||||||
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 18 | |||||||||
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 30 | |||||||||
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 30 | |||||||||
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION | |||||||||||
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 32 | |||||||||
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 32 | |||||||||
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 33 | |||||||||
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 33 | |||||||||
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 33 | |||||||||
Item 5. | Other Information | 33 | |||||||||
Item 6. | Exhibits | 33 | |||||||||
SIGNATURES | 34 | ||||||||||
2
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Krystal Biotech, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(unaudited)
(in thousands, except par value) | September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
| Current assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Short-term investments | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | |||||||||||
Inventory | |||||||||||
Prepaid taxes | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Long-term investments | |||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
Deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance | |||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
Current portion of lease liability | |||||||||||
Accrued rebates | |||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Lease liability | |||||||||||
Other long-term liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
Commitments and contingencies (see note 7) | |||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
Common stock; $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) gain | ( | ||||||||||
Retained earnings | |||||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
Krystal Biotech, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Product revenue, net | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income per common share: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
Krystal Biotech, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(unaudited)
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Retained Earnings | Total Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of January 1, 2026 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on investments | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of March 31, 2026 | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on investments | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of June 30, 2026 | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on investments | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of September 30, 2026 | $ | 0 | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders’ Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of January 1, 2025 | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for taxes | — | ( | — | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares of restricted stock awards surrendered for taxes | ( | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on investments | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on investments | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of June 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on investments | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
Krystal Biotech, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(unaudited)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||
| Operating Activities | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ( | ||||||||||
| Depreciation | |||||||||||
| (Accretion) amortization on marketable securities | ( | ||||||||||
| Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense, net | |||||||||||
| Realized gain on investments | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other, net | ( | ||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Inventory | ( | ( | |||||||||
Prepaid taxes | ( | ||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Lease liability | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | |||||||||||
| Accrued rebates | |||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | |||||||||||
Accrued legal settlement | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Investing Activities | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from disposal of assets | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
Purchases of investments | ( | ( | |||||||||
Maturities of investments | |||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Financing Activities | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from exercise of stock options | |||||||||||
| Taxes paid for employee tax withholding related to restricted stock units | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Taxes paid related to settlement of restricted stock awards | ( | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | ( | ||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | ( | ||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental Disclosures of Non-Cash Activities | |||||||||||
Unpaid purchases of property and equipment | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Initial recognition of right-of-use assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental Cash Flow Information | |||||||||||
| Income taxes paid | $ | $ | |||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
Krystal Biotech, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
1. Organization
Krystal Biotech, Inc. (together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries, the “Company,” or “we” or other similar pronouns), a Delaware C-corporation, is a fully integrated, global, commercial-stage biotechnology company. We are focused on the discovery, development, manufacturing, and commercialization of genetic medicines to treat diseases with high unmet medical needs. Using our patented gene therapy technology platform that is based on engineered herpes simplex virus-1 (“HSV-1”), we create vectors that efficiently deliver therapeutic transgenes to cells of interest in multiple organ systems. The cell’s own machinery then transcribes and translates the transgene to treat the disease. Our vectors are amenable to formulation for non-invasive or minimally invasive routes of administration at a healthcare professional’s office or in the patient’s home. Our innovative technology platform is supported by two in-house, commercial scale Current Good Manufacturing Practice (“CGMP”) manufacturing facilities.
Liquidity
As of September 30, 2026, the Company had a retained earnings balance of $197.9 million. Our operating profitability is dependent upon the continued successful commercialization of VYJUVEK®, our redosable gene therapy approved in the United States, European Union (“EU”), United Kingdom (“UK”), and Japan, as well as successful development, approval and commercialization of our product candidates. Management intends to fund future operations through its on hand cash and cash equivalents and revenue generated from the sale of VYJUVEK, and may also seek additional capital through arrangements with strategic partners, the sale of equity, debt financings or other sources.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In the opinion of management, all adjustments, which consist of all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations for the interim periods presented, are reflected in the interim condensed consolidated financial statements. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassified amounts have no impact on the Company’s previously reported financial position or results of operations.
The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full year. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 (the “2025 10-K”), as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 17, 2026.
Use of Estimates
8
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included in the 2025 10-K. There were no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2026.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements, Not Yet Adopted
There were no accounting pronouncements issued or adopted during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 that had or are expected to have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. This standard calls for enhanced disclosures about components of expense captions on the face of the income statement. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, with the option to apply it retrospectively. Early adoption is allowed. Currently, the Company is assessing the potential impact of this guidance on its financial statement disclosures.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11 Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. This standard clarifies current interim reporting requirements on Topic 270 and introduces a disclosure principle requiring entities to disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with the option to apply it retrospectively. Early adoption is allowed. Currently, the Company is assessing the potential impact of this guidance on its financial statement disclosures.
3. Product Revenue, Accounts Receivable and Reserves for Product Sales
The Company’s product revenue, net of sales discounts and allowances totaled $127.3 million and $97.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and September 30, 2025, respectively and $362.9 million and $282.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and September 30, 2025, respectively. Product revenue by significant geographic region is as follows:
| (in thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
United States | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Europe | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total product revenue, net | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Company’s accounts receivable, net balance relating to VYJUVEK sales was $133.1 million as of September 30, 2026 and $127.4 million as of December 31, 2025. Accounts receivable, net from the Company’s customers who individually accounted for 10% or more of accounts receivable, net consisted of the following:
Percent of Accounts Receivable, Net | ||||||||
| September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||
Customer A | % | % | ||||||
Customer B | * | % | ||||||
*Customer B’s AR balance represents less than 10% of outstanding accounts receivable, net as of September 30, 2026.
All other single customers represent less than 10% of outstanding accounts receivable, net as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
9
The following table summarizes changes in allowances and discounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2026:
| (in thousands) | Rebates | Prompt Pay | Other Accruals | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Provisions | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Payments/Credits | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2026 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Rebate liabilities are included in accrued rebates and other long-term liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as applicable, and were entirely classified as current as of September 30, 2026. Other long-term liabilities was comprised of $3.7
4. Net Income Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders is calculated by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. Common stock equivalents consist of common stock issuable upon (1) exercise of stock options and (2) vesting of restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units (collectively, “restricted stock”).
For the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, there were 329 thousand and 664 thousand common stock equivalents outstanding in the form of stock options and zero and 125 thousand in unvested restricted stock, that have each been excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share as their effect would be anti-dilutive.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, there were 256 thousand and 568 thousand common stock equivalents outstanding in the form of stock options and zero and 98 thousand in unvested restricted stock, that have each been excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per common share as their effect would be anti-dilutive.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted-average basic common shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dilutive effect of stock options and unvested restricted stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average diluted common shares | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income per common share—basic | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per common share—diluted | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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5. Fair Value Instruments
The following tables show the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and available-for-sale securities by significant investment category as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
| September 30, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized (Losses) | Aggregate Fair Value | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Short-term Marketable Securities(1) | Long-term Marketable Securities(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | — | $ | — | $ | $ | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 2: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | — | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. government agency securities | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized (Losses) | Aggregate Fair Value | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Short-term Marketable Securities(1) | Long-term Marketable Securities(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | — | $ | — | $ | $ | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 2: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate bonds | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. government agency securities | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | ( | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)The Company’s short-term marketable securities mature in one year or less.
(2)The Company’s long-term marketable securities mature between one and two years .
6. Balance Sheet Components
Inventory
Inventory consisted of the following:
(in thousands) | September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||
| Raw materials | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Work-in-process | |||||||||||
| Finished goods | |||||||||||
| Inventory | $ | $ | |||||||||
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Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following:
(in thousands) | September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||
| Building and building improvements | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Leasehold improvements | |||||||||||
| Manufacturing equipment | |||||||||||
Construction in progress | |||||||||||
| Laboratory equipment | |||||||||||
| Computer equipment and software | |||||||||||
| Furniture and fixtures | |||||||||||
| Total property and equipment | |||||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
Depreciation expense was $1.5 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $4.3 million and $4.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Depreciation expense capitalized into inventory was $1.2 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $3.4 million and $3.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025:
(in thousands) | September 30, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||
| Accrued taxes | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued payroll and benefits | ||||||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued preclinical and clinical expenses | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued professional fees | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued inventory | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued construction in progress | ||||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
7. Commitments and Contingencies
Agreements with Contract Manufacturing Organizations and Contract Research Organizations
The Company enters into various agreements in the normal course of business with Contract Manufacturing Organizations (“CMOs”), Contract Research Organizations and other third parties for preclinical research studies, clinical trials and testing and manufacturing services. The agreements with CMOs primarily relate to the manufacturing of our sterile gel that is mixed with in-house produced vectors as part of the final drug product for VYJUVEK. Agreements with third parties may also include research and development consulting activities, clinical-trial agreements, testing of our clinical-stage, pre-commercial and commercial stage products and/or storage, packaging and labeling. The Company is obligated to make milestone payments under certain of these contracts. The Company incurred research and development expenses related to commitments under these agreements of $1.8 million and $2.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and September 30, 2025, respectively, and $6.7 million and $6.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and September 30, 2025, respectively.
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Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject from time to time to various proceedings, lawsuits, disputes, or claims. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 450, Contingencies (“ASC 450”), the Company accrues a liability for legal contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred, and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. If there is at least a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred, ASC 450 requires disclosure of a loss contingency.
In the first quarter of 2025, the Company and certain of its employees received subpoenas from the U.S. Department of Justice requesting that the Company produce certain documents regarding its sponsored genetic testing program relating to VYJUVEK and commercial practices relating thereto. The Company is cooperating and providing information in response to the subpoenas. It is not possible to estimate the amount of any loss or range of possible loss that might result from this inquiry, and because the final outcome cannot be predicted with certainty, unfavorable or unexpected developments or outcomes could result in a material impact to the Company’s results of operations.
The Company has received $3.0
On September 18, 2025, a stockholder filed a derivative complaint in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, naming the Company’s directors as defendants and the Company as a nominal defendant. The complaint alleged claims for breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and waste of corporate assets based on allegedly excessive non-employee director compensation in each of 2021 through 2024. In June 2026, the parties entered into a settlement agreement. On September 15, 2026, the Court approved the settlement, which includes a release of the claims asserted in the action, and dismissed the action with prejudice. The settlement does not constitute an admission of fault, liability, or wrongdoing by any party. Under the settlement, (i) the Company adopted and implemented, and will maintain for a period of five (5) years, certain corporate governance reforms relating to non-employee director compensation, and (ii) in September 2026, the Company paid the plaintiff’s attorneys’ fees and expenses, which were the only monetary component of the settlement and were not material to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
On May 29, 2026, Jonathan Forman filed a lawsuit against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware (Docket No. 1:26-cv-00628) asserting claims for correction of inventorship, under 35 U.S.C. § 256, of U.S. Patent No. 10,829,529 and U.S. Patent No. 12,522,636 (together, the “Patents”), which relate to compositions and methods for delivering CFTR polypeptides and which the plaintiff alleges are embodied in the Company’s KB407 product candidate for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. The plaintiff alleges that he conceived of, and contributed to, the inventions claimed in the Patents and that he was erroneously omitted as a named inventor on the Patents. In addition to the correction of inventorship, the plaintiff is seeking his attorneys’ fees and his costs and expenses. The Company believes the plaintiff’s claims are without merit and intends to defend the matter vigorously. The Company is unable to estimate the possible loss or range of losses, if any, that may result from the matter.
8. Leases
As of September 30, 2026, future minimum commitments under the Company’s operating leases with lease terms in excess of 12 months were as follows:
(in thousands) | Operating Leases | ||||
| 2026 (remaining three months) | $ | ||||
| 2027 | |||||
| 2028 | |||||
| 2029 | |||||
| 2030 | |||||
| Thereafter | |||||
| Future minimum operating lease payments | |||||
| Less: Interest | ( | ||||
| Present value of lease liability | $ | ||||
As of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company’s weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases was 9.8 years and 10.1 years, respectively, and the Company’s weighted-average discount rate for operating leases was 9.7
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The components of the Company’s lease expense are as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variable lease expense | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total lease expense | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9. Stock-Based Compensation
In 2017, the Company adopted the 2017 IPO Stock Incentive Plan (“Plan”), which governs the issuance of equity awards to employees, certain non-employee consultants, and directors. Initially, the Company reserved 900 thousand shares for issuance under the Plan with an initial sublimit for incentive stock options of 900 thousand shares. On an annual basis, the amount of shares available for issuance under the Plan increases by an amount equal to four percent of the total outstanding shares as of the last day of the preceding calendar year. The sublimit of incentive stock options is not subject to the increase. The Company has historically granted stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance-based restricted stock units (“PSUs”) to certain employees.
Shares of common stock remaining available for grant under the Plan were approximately 1.5 million as of September 30, 2026.
Stock Options
The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2026:
| Stock Options Outstanding | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value(1) (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding as of December 31, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cancelled or forfeited | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding as of September 30, 2026 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercisable as of September 30, 2026 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the closing stock price of our common stock on December 31, 2025 and September 30, 2026 and the exercise price of outstanding in-the-money options on the respective date.
The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:
| Stock Options Outstanding | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value(1) (in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cancelled or forfeited | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercisable as of September 30, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the closing stock price of our Common Stock on December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025 and the exercise price of outstanding in-the-money options on the respective date.
The total intrinsic value (the amount by which the fair market value exceeds the exercise price) of stock options exercised was $8.5 million and $4.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $71.0 million and $8.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
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The weighted-average grant-date fair value per share of options granted to employees and directors was $210.16 and $108.46 during the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $183.75 and $109.74 for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
There was $95.0 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to employees’ and directors’ options that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.0 years as of September 30, 2026.
Restricted Stock Units
The following table summarizes the Company’s RSU activity:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-vested RSUs, beginning of period | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Forfeited | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-vested RSUs, end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
There was $47.7 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to employees’ RSU awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.7 years as of September 30, 2026.
Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units
The following table summarizes the Company’s PSU activity:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | Number of Shares | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-vested PSUs, beginning of period | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Forfeited | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Non-vested PSUs, end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
PSUs granted during the period are subject to regulatory performance-based vesting conditions, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, and vest on a three year cliff basis upon satisfaction of such conditions.
There was $9.6 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to employees’ PSU awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years as of September 30, 2026.
15
Stock-Based Compensation Expense, Net
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense, net related to its stock options and restricted stock in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total stock-based compensation | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Company capitalized into inventory stock-based compensation associated with the allocation of labor costs related to work performed to manufacture VYJUVEK of $0.9 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $2.9 million and $3.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
10. Income Taxes
The Company recorded an income tax expense of $17.1 million and $33.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, respectively. The tax expense for interim periods is calculated using an estimate of the annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. If there are any changes to the estimated annual effective tax rate, the Company will make a cumulative adjustment to the income tax provision in the period the change becomes known. The Company recorded an income tax benefit of $31.4 million and $15.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively.
We monitor the realizability of our deferred tax assets taking into consideration all relevant factors at each reporting period. As of September 30, 2026, except for certain state net operating loss carryforward and tax credit carryforward, we do not have valuation allowance against deferred tax assets. As of September 30, 2025, we released $48.4 million of our valuation allowance associated with the U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets, except for those related to certain state net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards. We continue to maintain a full valuation allowance against certain state attributes as of September 30, 2026, because we concluded they are not more likely than not to be realized as we expect certain state attribute generation in future years to exceed our ability to use these deferred tax assets.
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and in many foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets that are not more likely than not to be realized. The determination of the realizability of deferred tax assets requires significant judgment in assessing the likelihood of future tax consequences. The Company previously maintained a full valuation allowance against its U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets due to historical cumulative losses and uncertainty regarding the realization of such assets. The Company will continue to evaluate all available evidence each reporting period and may adjust the valuation allowance in future periods if estimates of future taxable income or other relevant factors change.
16
11. Segment Information
The Company operates as one
The following table presents selected financial information with respect to the Company’s single operating segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026, and 2025:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||
Product revenue, net | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross margin | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| B-VEC | |||||||||||||||||||||||
KB111 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| KB113 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| KB304 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| KB407 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| KB408 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| KB707 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
KB801 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| KB803 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other product candidates | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other research and development costs (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total research and development | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income from operations | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Other income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Includes stock-based compensation and other unallocated expenses which consist of shared pre-commercial manufacturing costs, primarily relating to certain raw materials, process development, quality control and quality assurance activities, as well as other manufacturing and facility related costs including rent, storage and depreciation which support the development of multiple product candidates.
12. Subsequent Event
In October 2026, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $400 million of its common stock. The Company may repurchase shares of common stock from time to time through open market purchases, in privately negotiated transactions, or by other means. permitted under applicable securities laws, including through purchases compliant with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act and trading plans adopted under Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. The program has no expiration date, does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and may be modified, suspended, or discontinued at any time at the Company’s discretion. The timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on a number of factors, including the market price of its common stock, general business and market conditions, liquidity and capital requirements, clinical development and commercialization plans, alternative uses of capital, and legal and regulatory requirements.
17
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 (the “2025 10-K”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 17, 2026.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by terms such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms. These statements relate to future events or to our future operating or financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements appearing in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements about the following, among other things:
•our commercialization plans in the United States, the European Union (the “EU”), Japan, the United Kingdom (the “UK”), and elsewhere for our first commercial product, VYJUVEK (beremagene geperpavec-svdt) for the treatment of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (“DEB”), including timing and outcomes of pricing and reimbursement negotiations, the timing of potential commercial launches, and the timing and outcomes of additional marketing authorization applications;
•the design, initiation, enrollment, timing, progress, and results of clinical trials for our product candidates, as well as expected timing of regulatory filings, interactions with regulatory authorities, and reporting of data readouts from our clinical trials;
•the potential benefits of regulatory designations granted to our product candidates and our platform technology;
•our beliefs about our proprietary HSV-1 based vector platform;
•our expectations regarding future fluctuations in revenue and anticipated increases in certain expenses;
•our commercialization, marketing, and manufacturing capabilities and strategy; and
•our ability to execute any share repurchase program, including the timing, amount and funding of any repurchases and the potential impact of such repurchases on our liquidity and the trading price of our Common Stock.
Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those referenced in Part I, Item 1A of the 2025 10-K, Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and other filings we make with the SEC from time to time. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, and new risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may not occur and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.
Forward-looking statements represent our management’s beliefs and assumptions only as of the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the SEC. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly as a result of subsequent events, developments or otherwise, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.
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Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context requires otherwise, all references to “Krystal,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us,” or similar terms refer to Krystal Biotech, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries. Web links throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are provided for convenience only and are not intended to be active hyperlinks to the referenced websites. No content on the referenced websites shall be deemed incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Overview
We are a fully integrated, global, commercial-stage biotechnology company focused on the discovery, development, manufacturing, and commercialization of genetic medicines to treat diseases with high unmet medical needs. Using our patented gene therapy technology platform that is based on engineered HSV-1, we create vectors that efficiently deliver therapeutic transgenes to cells of interest in multiple organ systems. The cell’s own machinery then transcribes and translates the transgene to treat the disease. Our vectors are amenable to formulation for non-invasive or minimally invasive routes of administration at a healthcare professional’s office or in the patient’s home. Our innovative technology platform is supported by two in-house, commercial-scale CGMP manufacturing facilities.
Our Commercial Product
VYJUVEK (beremagene geperpavec-svdt, or B-VEC)
VYJUVEK is a non-invasive, topical, redosable gene therapy approved in the United States, the EU, the UK, and Japan for the treatment of DEB, a rare and severe monogenic disease that affects the skin and mucosal tissues and is caused by one or more mutations in a gene called COL7A1. VYJUVEK is designed to deliver two copies of the COL7A1 gene when applied directly to DEB wounds, providing the patient’s skin cells the template to make normal type VII collagen protein and thereby addressing the fundamental disease-causing mechanism.
VYJUVEK was first approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) in May 2023 for the treatment of wounds in patients, six months of age or older, suffering from DEB, making it the first and only corrective medicine approved by the FDA for the treatment of both recessive and dominant subtypes of DEB. In September 2025, the FDA approved a label update for VYJUVEK that expanded the treatment eligible population to include DEB patients from birth and provided patients with greater dosing flexibility, including the option for VYJUVEK to be applied by a healthcare professional, caregiver, or directly by the patient themselves, either at home or in a healthcare setting.
VYJUVEK was approved in Japan and the EU in 2025 and, in May 2026, received approval in the UK, making it the first and only corrective therapy approved for the treatment of DEB in each of those markets. All three approvals include flexible dosing options with the potential for patient or caregiver administration in the home setting.
We possess exclusive rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize VYJUVEK throughout the world. We are commercializing VYJUVEK directly in the United States, major European markets, and Japan, and are building a specialty distributor network to support the commercialization of VYJUVEK outside of our direct markets.
We launched VYJUVEK in the United States in 2023, in Germany in August 2025, and in France and Japan in October 2025. The launch in France is under the post-marketing authorization early reimbursed access Accès Précoce program. Pricing negotiations were successfully completed in Germany in October 2026 and remain ongoing in France, where they are expected to continue until at least 2027. Pricing negotiations were successfully completed in Japan prior to launch.
We are advancing additional VYJUVEK pricing discussions across Europe and the UK. In October 2026, we successfully completed pricing negotiations with Italian authorities and now expect to launch VYJUVEK in Italy in early 2027. We also expect a pricing decision in Spain before the end of the year. The timing of additional pricing decisions and launches is uncertain and will depend on the cadence and outcomes of ongoing pricing negotiations.
We are progressing multiple additional marketing authorization applications for VYJUVEK and have submitted a marketing authorization application for VYJUVEK in Australia. We also expect to submit a marketing authorization application in Switzerland before the end of the year.
VYJUVEK product revenue, net, was $127.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026, and cumulative VYJUVEK product revenue, net, was $1,093.3 million since our first launch of VYJUVEK in the United States in 2023.
Gross margin for the three months ended September 30, 2026 was 94%. We define gross margin as product revenue, net less cost of goods sold expressed as a percentage of product revenue, net.
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Pipeline Highlights and Recent Developments
Dermatology
KB111 for Hailey-Hailey Disease (“HHD”)
KB111 is a topical gel formulation of our novel vector designed to deliver two copies of the calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 1 (“ATP2C1”) transgene for the treatment of HHD, a serious and rare monogenic skin disorder characterized by painful rash and blistering in skin folds and linked to low ATP2C1 expression levels in keratinocytes.
In October 2025, the FDA cleared our investigational new drug application to evaluate KB111 in the clinic and, in January 2026, the FDA granted KB111 Fast Track Designation for the treatment of HHD. In April 2026, the FDA also granted platform technology designation to the engineered HSV-1 viral vector used in KB111, a designation which affords development and manufacturing efficiencies for the development of KB111.
We have developed and are currently validating an HHD-specific severity scale required for the clinical evaluation of KB111. We are also conducting an open-label, single-arm study, HALITE-1, to evaluate the safety of repeat-dose KB111, administered once weekly for 12 weeks, in patients with HHD. Enrollment in HALITE-1 is complete, with a total of five patients enrolled in the study. Dosing is ongoing. We expect to report HALITE-1 interim study results before the end of the year. Details of the study can be found at www.clinicaltrials.gov under NCT identifier: NCT07717346. We expect to meet with the FDA in the first quarter of 2027, following completion of scale validation, to discuss HALITE-1 study results, the HHD-specific severity scale, and study designs to enable a registrational study start later in 2027.
KB113 for Gorlin Syndrome (“GS”)
KB113 is a redosable immunotherapy formulated for intratumoral injection and designed to drive sustained, localized expression of interleukin-2 (“IL-2”) and interleukin-12 (“IL-12”) in the tumor microenvironment and promote systemic immune-mediated tumor clearance, in development for the treatment of basal cell carcinomas (“BCCs”) in patients with GS. GS is a genetic disease characterized by a greatly increased risk of developing BCCs. Patients with GS can develop BCCs as early as infancy and may have hundreds of BCCs over their lifetimes requiring frequent and potentially disfiguring surgical procedures.
In October 2026, we announced a positive clinical update from our pilot, multicenter, single-arm, open-label study evaluating intratumoral KB113 in the treatment of BCCs in patients with GS. In the three patient pilot study, more than 80% of assessed BCC lesions showed investigator-assessed clinical regression. Regression was observed in both injected and non-injected lesions, including substantial regression in lesions that were not directly injected with KB113, consistent with an abscopal effect. Histologic assessment also confirmed complete clearance of an injected BCC lesion in each patient.
We have initiated discussions with the FDA regarding the further clinical development of KB113 for the treatment of BCCs in patients with GS. We expect to provide an update on our development plans following alignment with the FDA.
Ophthalmology
KB803 for Ocular Complications in Patients with DEB
KB803 is a redosable eye drop formulation of B-VEC, designed for the treatment of ocular complications that are estimated to affect over 25% of DEB patients. These complications, which include corneal erosions, abrasions, blistering and scarring, can lead to progressive vision loss. There is currently no corrective therapy available.
B-VEC has been applied topically to the eye of one DEB patient with severe cicatrizing conjunctivitis under a compassionate use protocol. The clinical observations of this compassionate use case were published in the New England Journal of Medicine in February 2024. Regular eye drop administration of B-VEC was well tolerated by the patient with no drug-related adverse events noted. Full corneal healing was observed at three months, as well as significant visual acuity improvement from hand motion to 20/25 by eight months.
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In June 2025, we announced that we dosed the first patient in IOLITE, an intra-patient, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter Phase 3 registrational study with a crossover design to evaluate KB803 for the treatment and prevention of corneal abrasions in DEB patients, six months of age or older. After observing a promising clinical safety profile in the initial patients treated with our eye drop gene therapies, we modified the KB803 dosing schedule to reduce the potential impact of human error in eye drop administration. After reaching the initial IOLITE enrollment target of 16 patients in April 2026, we enrolled three additional patients to replace two patients who withdrew for reasons unrelated to safety and to generate additional evidence to support the potential treatment of corneal abrasions in DEB patients from birth. The additional patients include one child one year of age. We expect the last patient visit for IOLITE in February 2027 with top-line results reported shortly thereafter. The primary efficacy endpoint of the IOLITE study is the change in the average number of days per month with corneal abrasion symptoms while receiving KB803 versus placebo. Safety and secondary efficacy data, including weekly assessments of eye pain and monthly Epidermolysis Bullosa Eye Disease Index questionnaires, are being collected through to the end of the 24-week study period.
To enroll in IOLITE, patients first completed a 12-week run-in period in our natural history study, during which they reported the number of days they experienced symptoms of corneal abrasions. Additional details on both studies are available at www.clinicaltrials.gov under NCT identifiers NCT07016750 for IOLITE and NCT06563414 for the natural history study.
KB801 for Neurotrophic Keratitis (“NK”)
KB801 is an eye drop formulation of our novel HSV-1 based vector designed to deliver two transgene copies to the corneal epithelium for the sustained, localized expression and secretion of nerve growth factor (“NGF”) and treatment of NK, a rare, degenerative corneal disease caused by nerve damage in the eye that leads to corneal epithelial defects, ulcers, and perforation. Recombinant NGF eye drops have been shown to significantly improve corneal healing and are approved for the treatment of NK in multiple jurisdictions worldwide, including the United States, but rapid clearance from the eye requires intensive administration six times a day, with eye pain frequently reported, and may result in suboptimal treatment outcomes. By transducing the cells of the corneal epithelium to produce and secrete NGF, KB801 has the potential to significantly reduce the treatment burden for patients while also maintaining more consistent NGF levels in the front of the eye.
In July 2025, we announced that we dosed the first patient in EMERALD-1, a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, placebo-controlled study evaluating KB801, administered as an eye drop, for the treatment of NK. In October 2025, the FDA granted platform technology designation to the engineered HSV-1 viral vector used in KB801, affording the program the same potential development and manufacturing efficiencies as KB111. Following receipt of this designation, we amended the EMERALD-1 protocol to enable the study to serve as a registrational trial supporting the potential registration of KB801. Under the updated protocol, we expect to enroll approximately 60 adult patients with Stage 2 or Stage 3 NK, as defined by the Mackie criteria, randomized 1:1 to receive either KB801 or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint of EMERALD-1 is the proportion of patients with complete healing of corneal epithelium at eight weeks. Enrollment in EMERALD-1 is ongoing. We have activated 22 sites across the United States and are close to activating sites in France, Spain and the UK. Enrollment has progressed slower than initially anticipated, reflecting the study’s narrowly defined eligibility criteria and the challenges of enrolling patients in a placebo-controlled trial in an indication with an available approved therapy. We now expect to complete enrollment and report top-line results in 2027. More details of the EMERALD-1 study can be found at www.clinicaltrials.gov under NCT identifier NCT06999733.
Respiratory
KB407 for Cystic Fibrosis (“CF”)
KB407 is an inhaled (nebulized) formulation of our novel vector designed to deliver two copies of the full-length cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (“CFTR”) transgene for the treatment of CF, a serious rare lung disease caused by missing or mutated CFTR protein.
In July 2023, we announced that we had dosed the first patient in our Phase 1 CORAL-1 study, a multicenter, dose-escalation trial of KB407 in patients with CF that included molecular assessments of CFTR delivery and expression in the third and highest dose cohort. In December 2024, we announced an interim safety data update from the first two dose cohorts of CORAL-1 and, in January 2026, interim safety and molecular data updates from the third dose cohort. KB407 was generally well tolerated across all three dose cohorts, and molecular assessments by bronchoscopy confirmed the successful delivery and expression of wild-type CFTR protein in patients’ lungs, with broad airway distribution and confirmation of KB407 transduction in all six CF patients with successful bronchoscopies.
We are now working closely with the FDA, the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (“CFF”), and the CF Therapeutics Development Network Coordinating Center at Seattle Children’s Research Institute (“TDNCC”) on development pathways to support potential registration of KB407.
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Based on our interactions with the FDA, we initiated an open-label, single-arm study to evaluate the safety of repeat-dose KB407 for 24 weeks in patients with CF who are ineligible for, do not tolerate, or do not benefit from modulator therapy. Three patients are currently being dosed on the study and we expect to enroll and dose an additional three patients before year end, with interim study results now anticipated in the first half of 2027. Details of the study can be found at www.clinicaltrials.gov under NCT identifier: NCT05504837. In the third quarter of 2026, we were selected for the FDA’s Complex Innovative Trial Design (“CID”) Meeting Program. The CID Meeting Program is intended to facilitate and advance the use of complex and novel clinical trial designs and is providing us with the opportunity for increased FDA interaction to align on our innovative registrational study design. We expect to share the design and associated statistical analysis of the registrational study following alignment with the FDA and initiate the registrational study in 2027.
In April 2026, the FDA also granted platform technology designation to the engineered HSV-1 viral vector used in KB407, affording the program the same potential development and manufacturing efficiencies as KB111 and KB801.
KB408 for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (“AATD”) Lung Disease
KB408 is an inhaled (nebulized) formulation of our novel vector designed to deliver two copies of the serpin family A member 1 (“SERPINA1”) transgene, that encodes for normal human alpha-1 antitrypsin (“AAT”) protein, for the treatment of AATD, a serious rare lung disease characterized by diminished or absent functional AAT protein in the lungs and unopposed neutrophil elastase activity resulting in progressive lung function decline.
In February 2024, we announced that we dosed the first patient in SERPENTINE-1, a Phase 1, open-label, dose escalation study evaluating KB408, delivered via a nebulizer, in adult patients with AATD with a Pi*ZZ or a Pi*ZNull genotype. In December 2024, we announced an interim clinical update from the first two dose escalation cohorts of SERPENTINE-1. Inhaled KB408 was generally well tolerated at both tested dose levels and clear evidence of successful SERPINA1 delivery and AAT expression was observed in both patients that underwent bronchoscopies. We have since confirmed SERPINA1 delivery and functional AAT expression in a third patient dosed with KB408 in Cohort 2 and amended the SERPENTINE-1 protocol to investigate repeat dosing at the Cohort 2 dose level (the repeat-dose cohort now referred to as “Cohort 2B”). A total of five patients were dosed in Cohort 2, of which three underwent bronchoscopy. The first patient in Cohort 2B was dosed in August 2025 and enrollment in this repeat-dose cohort is ongoing. We expect to report interim safety and SERPINA1 delivery data from the repeat-dose Cohort 2B in 2027. Details of the Phase 1 study can be found at www.clinicaltrials.gov under NCT identifier: NCT06049082.
Oncology
Inhaled KB707 for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (“NSCLC”)
Inhaled KB707 is a redosable immunotherapy formulated for delivery via inhalation and designed to drive sustained, localized expression of human IL-2 and IL-12 in the tumor microenvironment and promote systemic immune-mediated tumor clearance.
Inhaled KB707 has been granted Rare Pediatric Disease Designations and Fast Track Designations by the FDA. In February 2026, the FDA also granted Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy designation to KB707 for the treatment of advanced or metastatic NSCLC.
We are developing inhaled KB707 for the treatment of NSCLC based on preliminary evidence of antitumor activity from KYANITE-1, an open-label, multicenter, dose escalation and expansion Phase 1/2 study, evaluating inhaled KB707, as monotherapy or in combination, in patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors of the lung.
In June 2025, we disclosed our most recent clinical update on patients treated with inhaled KB707 as monotherapy in KYANITE-1. In an evaluable cohort of 11 patients with heavily pre-treated advanced NSCLC, patients treated with inhaled KB707 as monotherapy achieved an objective response rate (“ORR”) of 36% and a disease control rate (“DCR”) of 54%. Inhaled KB707 was also reported to be generally well tolerated as monotherapy in the 39 patients included in the safety analysis. The majority of treatment-related adverse events were mild to moderate in severity and transient with no Grade 4 or 5 adverse events observed.
In May 2026, we disclosed interim clinical results from a KYANITE-1 dose expansion cohort evaluating the safety and efficacy of inhaled KB707 plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced NSCLC. The safety analysis included 21 patients who received at least one dose of the combination regimen of which 16 patients were also evaluable for efficacy. The combination regimen was generally well tolerated and demonstrated preliminary antitumor activity in a late-line setting, with an ORR of 31% and a DCR of 75% among 16 efficacy-evaluable patients. As of the data cutoff for the May 2026 update, median duration of response and progression-free survival had not been reached. Multiple patients from this cohort remain on treatment and in follow-up with sustained disease control.
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We are currently enrolling patients with advanced NSCLC in the final dose expansion cohort of KYANITE-1 evaluating inhaled KB707 in combination with chemotherapy. An initial dose-optimization phase was conducted to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the combination regimen in the first 10 patients and informed the selection of the chemotherapy dose for subsequent enrollment. We have also activated sites in Spain and France. We expect to enroll approximately 70 patients to be dosed at the selected combination regimen by the middle of 2027. Details of the KYANITE-1 study can be found at www.clinicaltrials.gov under NCT identifier NCT06228326.
Aesthetics
In addition to focusing on genetic medicines to treat patients with diseases with high unmet medical needs, we are leveraging the ability of our platform to deliver proteins of interest to cells in the skin in the context of aesthetic medicine via our wholly-owned subsidiary, Jeune Aesthetics, Inc. (“Jeune”).
Jeune’s lead clinical program, KB304, is a solution formulation of our novel vector for intradermal injection designed to deliver two copies of the collagen type III alpha 1 chain transgene and one copy of the elastin transgene to address various signs of skin aging including elasticity loss. In July 2025, Jeune announced positive safety and efficacy results, including significant improvements in key skin aesthetic attributes such as wrinkles and elasticity, in PEARL-2, a 2:1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 1 study evaluating KB304, for the treatment of wrinkles of the décolleté.
Based on the broad aesthetic improvements observed in PEARL-2, Jeune is progressing KB304 into a Phase 2 study for the treatment of wrinkles of the décolleté. In support of the Phase 2 study, Jeune developed and validated a décolleté-specific photonumeric scale (“JDWS”) which was submitted to the FDA in the second half of 2025. Jeune has aligned with the FDA on the JDWS and expects to initiate the Phase 2 study in 2027.
Financial Overview
Product Revenue, Net
After FDA approval of VYJUVEK in May 2023, we launched VYJUVEK in the United States in 2023, in Germany in August 2025 and in France and Japan in October 2025. Our future revenue will fluctuate from quarter to quarter for many reasons, including the uncertain timing and amount of sales of VYJUVEK.
The transaction price that we recognize as revenue for VYJUVEK sales includes an estimate of variable consideration, which may include discounts, returns, and rebates that are offered within contracts. Refer to Note 3 of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold includes direct and indirect costs related to the manufacturing of VYJUVEK. These costs consist of manufacturing costs, personnel costs including stock-based compensation, facility costs, and other indirect overhead costs. Cost of goods sold may also include period costs related to certain manufacturing services and inventory adjustment charges.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred to advance our preclinical and clinical development programs and the development and manufacturing of our product candidates, which include:
•agreements with contract research organizations, consultants and other third parties that conduct preclinical activities, clinical trials and other research and development activities on our behalf;
•costs of acquiring, developing and manufacturing product candidates and clinical trial materials, lab supplies and consumables;
•facility costs, depreciation and other related expenses, which include expenses for rent and the maintenance of our facilities;
•other testing and support costs and supplies; and
•payroll related expenses, including stock-based compensation expense.
We expense research and development costs to operations as incurred.
We expect our research and development expenses will increase as we continue the manufacturing of preclinical and clinical materials, manage the clinical trials of and seek regulatory approval for our product candidates and as we expand our product portfolio. Due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with product development, we cannot determine with certainty the duration, costs and timing of clinical trials, and as a result, the actual costs to complete clinical trials may exceed the expected costs.
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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist principally of salaries and other related costs, including stock-based compensation for personnel in our executive, finance, legal, commercial, business development, information technology and other general and administrative functions and are expensed as incurred. Selling, general and administrative expenses also include professional fees associated with corporate and intellectual property-related legal expenses, consulting and accounting services, insurance, facility-related costs and expenses associated with obtaining and maintaining patents. Other selling, general and administrative costs include travel expenses, patient access program costs, management service fees, marketing expenses, and selling expenses which include transportation, shipping and handling fees.
We anticipate that our selling, general and administrative expenses will increase in the future relating to our commercialization efforts and to support the development of our product candidates. These increases will likely include increased costs for insurance, costs related to the hiring of additional personnel and payments to outside consultants, lawyers and accountants, among other expenses. Additionally, we anticipate that we will continue to increase our salary and personnel costs and other expenses to support VYJUVEK commercialization globally.
Interest and Other Income, Net
Interest and other income, net consists primarily of income earned from our cash, cash equivalents and investments and gains and losses on foreign currency transactions.
Critical Accounting Policies, Significant Judgments and Estimates
There have been no material changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 to our critical accounting policies, significant judgments and estimates as disclosed in our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations included in the 2025 10-K.
Results of Operations
Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2026 and 2025
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Product revenue, net | $ | 127,341 | $ | 97,800 | $ | 29,541 | 30 | % | |||||||||||||||
Operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | 7,556 | 4,263 | 3,293 | 77 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 14,891 | 14,585 | 306 | 2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 33,749 | 37,578 | (3,829) | (10) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 56,196 | 56,426 | (230) | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Income from operations | 71,145 | 41,374 | 29,771 | 72 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income, net | 9,000 | 6,593 | 2,407 | 37 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 80,145 | 47,967 | 32,178 | 67 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (17,077) | 31,398 | (48,475) | (154) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 63,068 | $ | 79,365 | $ | (16,297) | (21) | % | |||||||||||||||
Product Revenue, Net
Product revenue, net was $127.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026, as compared to $97.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in product revenue, net was driven by an increase in VYJUVEK sales as compared to the prior year, primarily due to launches in our Europe and Japan markets.
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Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold was $7.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026, as compared to $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025. The increase was driven by an increase in units sold, inclusive of higher costs per unit related to our Europe and Japan markets.
Research and Development Expenses
The following table summarizes our research and development expenses by product candidate or program, and for unallocated expenses, by type, for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
B-VEC | $ | 738 | $ | 1,810 | $ | (1,072) | (59) | % | |||||||||||||||
KB111 | 380 | 568 | (188) | (33) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| KB113 | 319 | — | 319 | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KB304 | 23 | 244 | (221) | (91) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| KB407 | 542 | 608 | (66) | (11) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KB408 | 236 | 248 | (12) | (5) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| KB707 | 1,847 | 3,181 | (1,334) | (42) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KB801 | 1,355 | 359 | 996 | 277 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KB803 | 222 | 401 | (179) | (45) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other product candidates | 1,497 | 722 | 775 | 107 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 2,621 | 2,583 | 38 | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Other unallocated expenses(1) | 5,111 | 3,861 | 1,250 | 32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development expense | $ | 14,891 | $ | 14,585 | $ | 306 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||
(1)Other unallocated expenses consist of shared pre-commercial manufacturing costs, primarily relating to certain raw materials, process development, quality control and quality assurance activities, as well as other manufacturing and facility related costs including rent, storage and depreciation which support the development of multiple product candidates.
Research and development expenses increased by $0.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2026, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in research and development expenses was primarily attributable to:
•an increase of $0.7 million in unallocated materials and other support costs for our product candidates; and
•a net increase of $0.6 million in research and development payroll and manufacturing costs driven by the timing of production runs across our product candidates. This change is mainly due to an increase in KB113, KB801, other product candidates and other unallocated expenses, partially offset by a decrease in B-VEC and KB111 expenses.
These increases were partially offset by:
•a net decrease of $0.7 million in clinical development costs, primarily due to decreased costs for KB304 and KB707, partially offset by increased costs for in KB111 and KB801; and
•a decrease of $0.3 million in B-VEC pre-commercialization regulatory fees.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $3.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2026 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2025. The decrease was primarily driven by the following:
•a decrease of $3.0 million resulting from insurance proceeds received as reimbursement of litigation legal costs previously incurred;
•a decrease of $2.3 million in professional services including legal and consulting services; and
•a net decrease of $0.9 million in sales and marketing costs supporting the global sales of VYJUVEK.
These decreases were partially offset by:
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•an increase of $1.6 million in payroll costs, including stock-based compensation; and
•an increase of $1.1 million in other general and administrative costs primarily related to $0.5 million in travel and sponsorships supporting the global sales of VYJUVEK and $0.3 million in subscriptions.
Interest and Other Income, Net
Interest and other income, net was $9.0 million and $6.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and consisted of interest and dividend income earned from our cash, cash equivalents and investments as well as the effects of foreign exchange rates.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $17.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and income tax benefit was $31.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, which relates to state, federal and foreign income taxes. In the third quarter of 2025, we determined that it was more likely than not that the benefit from certain of our deferred tax assets will be realized. Accordingly, the related valuation allowance was released and a one-time benefit was recognized. See discussion in Note 10 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 and 2025
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Product revenue, net | $ | 362,920 | $ | 282,025 | $ | 80,895 | 29 | % | |||||||||||||||
Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold | 20,316 | 16,457 | 3,859 | 23 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 44,739 | 43,251 | 1,488 | 3 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative | 114,612 | 105,292 | 9,320 | 9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 179,667 | 165,000 | 14,667 | 9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Income from operations | 183,253 | 117,025 | 66,228 | 57 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Other income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income, net | 24,413 | 21,315 | 3,098 | 15 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 207,666 | 138,340 | 69,326 | 50 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | (33,898) | 15,091 | (48,989) | (325) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 173,768 | $ | 153,431 | $ | 20,337 | 13 | % | |||||||||||||||
Products Revenue, Net
Product revenue, net was $362.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 as compared to $282.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in product revenue, net was driven by an increase in VYJUVEK sales as compared to the prior period, primarily due to launches in our Europe and Japan markets, partially offset by a reduction in United States VYJUVEK sales.
Cost of Goods Sold
Cost of goods sold was $20.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 as compared to $16.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, due to an increase in units sold, primarily as a result of our launches in Europe and Japan, partially offset by manufacturing process optimizations that resulted in lower costs per unit related to our United States VYJUVEK sales.
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Research and Development Expenses
The following table summarizes our research and development expenses by product candidate or program, and for unallocated expenses, by type, for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands) | (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| B-VEC | $ | 2,839 | $ | 6,144 | $ | (3,305) | (54) | % | |||||||||||||||
KB111 | 1,721 | 1,309 | 412 | 31 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| KB113 | 328 | — | 328 | — | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| KB304 | 52 | 906 | (854) | (94) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| KB407 | 1,821 | 1,272 | 549 | 43 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| KB408 | 530 | 763 | (233) | (31) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| KB707 | 7,288 | 8,342 | (1,054) | (13) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KB801 | 3,357 | 1,233 | 2,124 | 172 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
KB803 | 1,845 | 1,291 | 554 | 43 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other product candidates | 2,957 | 2,041 | 916 | 45 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 7,262 | 7,679 | (417) | (5) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Other unallocated expenses(1) | 14,739 | 12,271 | 2,468 | 20 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development expense | $ | 44,739 | $ | 43,251 | $ | 1,488 | 3 | % | |||||||||||||||
(1)Other unallocated expenses consist of shared pre-commercial manufacturing costs, primarily relating to certain raw materials, process development, quality control and quality assurance activities, as well as other manufacturing and facility related costs including rent, storage and depreciation which support the development of multiple product candidates.
Research and development expenses increased by $1.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in research and development expenses was primarily attributable to:
•an increase of $2.0 million in unallocated materials and other support costs for our product candidates; and
•a net increase of $0.8 million in research and development payroll and manufacturing costs driven by the timing of production runs across our product candidates. This change is mainly due to an increase in KB407, KB801, KB803 and other product candidates partially offset by a decrease in B-VEC and KB304.
These increases were partially offset by:
•a decrease of $1.1 million in B-VEC pre-commercialization regulatory fees; and
•a decrease of $0.5 million in other unallocated costs primarily driven by facilities and equipment related expenses.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $9.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase was primarily driven by the following:
•an increase of $7.8 million in payroll costs, including stock-based compensation;
•an increase of $4.1 million in other general and administrative costs primarily related to $1.7 million in travel, conferences and sponsorships supporting the global sales of VYJUVEK, $1.0 million in subscriptions, and $0.8 million in other taxes; and
•a net increase of $0.8 million in sales and marketing costs to support the global sales of VYJUVEK.
These increases were partially offset by:
•a decrease of $3.0 million resulting from insurance proceeds received as reimbursement of litigation legal costs previously incurred.
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Interest and Other Income, Net
Interest and other income, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 was $24.4 million and $21.3 million, respectively, and consisted of interest and dividend income earned from our cash, cash equivalents and investments as well as the effects of foreign exchange rates.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $33.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and income tax benefit was $15.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, which relates to state, federal and foreign income taxes. In the third quarter of 2025, we determined that it was more likely than not that the benefit from certain of our deferred tax assets will be realized. Accordingly, the related valuation allowance was released and a one-time benefit was recognized. See discussion in Note 10 of the notes to consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
As of September 30, 2026, our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments balance was approximately $911.9 million, and we had a retained earnings balance of $197.9 million. We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of September 30, 2026 will be sufficient to allow us to fund our operations for at least 12 months from the filing date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Costs related to clinical trials can be unpredictable and, therefore, there can be no guarantee that we will have sufficient capital to fund the continued or planned pre-clinical and clinical studies for our product candidates or our operations. Further, we expect our future revenue to fluctuate from quarter to quarter for many reasons, including the uncertain timing and amount of any product sales. While we are in the process of building out our internal vector manufacturing capacity, some of our manufacturing activities will be contracted out to third parties. Additionally, we currently utilize third-party contract research organizations to carry out some of our clinical development activities. As we seek to obtain regulatory approval for our product candidates and prepare for product sales, marketing, commercial manufacturing, packaging, labeling and distribution, we expect to continue to incur significant manufacturing and commercialization expenses. Our funds may not be sufficient to enable us to conduct pivotal clinical trials for, seek marketing approval for or commercially launch our product candidates. Accordingly, to obtain marketing approval for and to commercialize these or any other product candidates, we may be required to obtain further funding through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, collaboration and licensing arrangements or other sources. Adequate additional financing may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. Our failure to raise capital when needed could have a negative effect on our financial condition and our ability to pursue our business strategy.
Our primary uses of capital are, and we expect will continue to be for the near future, compensation and related expenses, manufacturing costs for preclinical and clinical materials, regulatory expenses, third-party clinical trial research and development services, laboratory and related supplies, selling expenses, costs to manufacture our commercial product, legal expenses and general overhead costs. In order to complete the process of obtaining regulatory approval for any of our product candidates and to build the sales, manufacturing, marketing and distribution infrastructure that we believe will be necessary to commercialize our product candidates, if approved, we may require substantial additional funding.
We have based our projections of operating capital requirements on assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, and we may use all of our available capital resources sooner than we expect. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with research, development, manufacturing and commercialization of genetic medicines, we are unable to estimate the exact amount of our operating capital requirements. Our future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to:
•the costs needed to globally commercialize and market our lead product, VYJUVEK;
•the progress, timing and costs of clinical trials of our current product candidates;
•the progress, timing and cost of manufacturing VYJUVEK and revenue received from commercial sale of VYJUVEK;
•the continued development and the filing of investigational new drug applications for current and future product candidates;
•the initiation, scope, progress, timing, costs and results of drug discovery, laboratory testing, manufacturing, preclinical studies and clinical trials for any product candidates that we may pursue in the future, if any;
•the costs of maintaining our own commercial-scale CGMP manufacturing facilities;
•the outcome, timing and costs of seeking regulatory approvals;
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•the costs associated with the manufacturing process development and evaluation of third-party manufacturers;
•the extent to which the costs of VYJUVEK and our product candidates, if approved, will be paid by health maintenance, managed care, pharmacy benefit and similar healthcare management organizations, or will be reimbursed by government authorities, private health coverage insurers and other third-party payors;
•the costs of commercialization activities for our current and future product candidates if we receive marketing approval for such product candidates, including the costs and timing of establishing product sales, medical affairs, marketing, distribution and manufacturing capabilities;
•the revenue received from commercial sale of our current and future product candidates, subject to receipt of marketing approval;
•the terms and timing of any future collaborations, licensing, consulting or other arrangements that we may establish;
•the amount and timing of any payments we may be required to make, or that we may receive, in connection with the licensing, filing, prosecution, maintenance, defense and enforcement of any patents or other intellectual property rights, including milestone and royalty payments and patent prosecution fees that we are obligated to pay pursuant to our license agreements;
•our current license agreements remaining in effect and our achievement of milestones under those agreements;
•our ability to establish and maintain collaborations and licenses on favorable terms, if at all; and
•the extent to which we acquire or in-license other product candidates and technologies.
In October 2026, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $400 million of our common stock, exclusive of any applicable excise taxes, brokerage commissions, fees and other expenses incurred in connection with such repurchases. We may repurchase shares of our common stock from time to time through open market purchases, in privately negotiated transactions, or by other means permitted under applicable securities laws, including through purchases compliant with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act and trading plans adopted under Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. The program has no expiration date, does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and may be modified, suspended, or discontinued at any time at our discretion. The timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on a number of factors, including the market price of our common stock, general business and market conditions, our liquidity and capital requirements, our clinical development and commercialization plans, alternative uses of capital, and legal and regulatory requirements.
We may need to obtain substantial additional funding in order to receive regulatory approval and to commercialize our product candidates. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the sale of common stock, convertible securities or other equity securities, the ownership interests of our existing stockholders may be materially diluted and the terms of these securities could include liquidation or other preferences that could adversely affect the rights of our existing stockholders. In addition, debt financing, if available, would result in increased fixed payment obligations and may involve agreements that include restrictive covenants that limit our ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends, that could adversely affect our ability to conduct our business. If we are unable to raise capital when needed or on attractive terms, we could be forced to significantly delay, scale back or discontinue the development or commercialization of our product candidates, seek collaborators at an earlier stage than otherwise would be desirable or on terms that are less favorable than might otherwise be available, and relinquish or license, potentially on unfavorable terms, our rights to our product candidates that we otherwise would seek to develop or commercialize ourselves.
Sources and Uses of Cash
The following table summarizes our sources and uses of cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (unaudited) | |||||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 246,420 | $ | 123,357 | ||||||||||
Net cash (used in) investing activities | (283,151) | (69,580) | ||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 8,007 | (6,961) | ||||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (4,739) | 923 | ||||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash | $ | (33,463) | $ | 47,739 | ||||||||||
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Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 was $246.4 million and $123.4 million, respectively. Increase in operating cash flows was driven by a $20.3 million increase in net income primarily due to (i) increased revenue, partially offset by increased income tax expense and operating expenses, (ii) a $31.3 million impact of changes in accrued legal settlement due to the final payment of the PeriphaGen settlement in the first quarter of 2025, (iii) a $24.7 million impact on deferred tax assets due to the release of valuation allowance in 2025, (iv) a $18.1 million impact from accounts receivable, (v) a $15.6 million impact from prepaid taxes, and (vi) $11.6 million impact from accrued rebates.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025 was $283.2 million and $69.6 million, respectively. The increase in cash used in investing activities was driven by increased purchases of investments of $262.0 million, partially offset by increased maturities of investments of $50.8 million.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 was $8.0 million as compared to net cash used in financing activities of $7.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in cash provided by financing activities was primarily driven by an $18.1 million increase in proceeds from the exercise of stock options, offset by a $5.0 million increase in taxes paid for employee tax withholding related to restricted stock units.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $911.9 million as of September 30, 2026, which consisted primarily of money market funds, commercial paper, corporate bonds, U.S. government agency securities and certificates of deposits. The investments in these financial instruments are made in accordance with an investment policy which specifies the categories, allocations and ratings of securities we may consider for investment. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive without significantly increasing risk. Some of the financial instruments in which we invest could be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the value of the instruments to fluctuate. For example, if we purchase a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the value of that security will probably decline. To minimize this risk, we intend to maintain a portfolio which may include cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment securities available-for-sale in a variety of securities which may include money market funds, government and non-government debt securities and commercial paper, all with various maturity dates. Due to the conservative nature of our investment portfolio, a hypothetical change in market interest rates of 100 basis points would not have a material effect on the fair market value of our investments.
We also have established operations in Europe and Japan and hold cash in foreign currencies. Our most significant foreign currencies are Swiss Francs, Euros, and Japanese Yen. We are subject to foreign exchange rate risk arising from transactions conducted in foreign currencies. Future movements in foreign exchange rates are inherently uncertain, and significant fluctuations in exchange rates may positively or negatively affect our foreign currency exposures, which could materially impact our condensed consolidated results of operations and financial position.
We do not hold or issue derivatives, derivative commodity instruments or other financial instruments for speculative trading purposes. Further, we do not believe our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments have significant risk of default or illiquidity. While we believe our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments do not contain excessive risk, we cannot provide absolute assurance that any investments we make in the future will not be subject to adverse changes in market value. Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are recorded at fair value.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Accounting Officer, with the participation of other members of the Company’s management, have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, and our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Accounting Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective based on their evaluation of these controls and procedures as required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2026 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
For discussion regarding legal proceedings, please refer to Note 7 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements in the 2025 10-K and Note 7 of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.
In the ordinary course of business, we have faced, and we may in the future face, various claims brought by third parties or government regulators and, from time to time, make claims or take legal actions to assert our rights, including claims relating to our directors, officers, stockholders, intellectual property rights, employment matters and the safety or efficacy of our products and product candidates. Such claims have subjected us, and could in the future subject us, to costly litigation and, while we generally believe that we have adequate insurance to cover many different types of liabilities, our insurance carriers may deny coverage, may be inadequately capitalized to pay on valid claims, or our policy limits may be inadequate to fully satisfy any damage awards or settlements. If this were to happen, the payment of any such awards or settlements could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position. Additionally, any such claims, whether or not successful, could damage our reputation and business.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
The Company’s business, reputation, results of operations, financial condition, and stock price can be materially and adversely affected by a number of factors, whether currently known or unknown, including those described in Part I, Item 1A of the 2025 10-K under the heading “Risk Factors.” Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to the Company’s risk factors since the 2025 10-K was filed with the SEC on February 17, 2026. The risk factor set forth below supplements, and should be read together with, the risk factors described in the 2025 10-K. For information regarding legal proceedings relating to risks previously described, see Note 7 of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock
Our stock repurchase program may not be fully consummated or enhance long-term stockholder value, and repurchases could affect the price of our common stock, increase its volatility, and diminish our cash reserves.
In October 2026, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $400 million of our common stock, exclusive of any applicable excise taxes, brokerage commissions, fees and other expenses incurred in connection with such repurchases. We may repurchase shares of our common stock from time to time through open market purchases, in privately negotiated transactions, or by other means permitted under applicable securities laws, including through purchases compliant with Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act and trading plans adopted under Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. The program has no expiration date, does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and may be modified, suspended, or discontinued at any time at our discretion. The timing and amount of any repurchases will depend on a number of factors, including the market price of our common stock, general business and market conditions, our liquidity and capital requirements, our clinical development and commercialization plans, alternative uses of capital, and legal and regulatory requirements. Repurchases could affect the price of our common stock and increase its volatility, and the existence of the program could cause the price of our common stock to be higher than it would be in its absence and could reduce the market liquidity for our common stock. In addition, repurchases could also reduce the cash available to fund our clinical programs, the commercialization of VYJUVEK, potential business development transactions, and other corporate purposes, and may be subject to a 1% U.S. federal excise tax. There can be no assurance that the program will be fully consummated or enhance long-term stockholder value, and the market price of our common stock may decline below the prices at which we repurchased shares. Any failure to make repurchases after we have announced an intention to do so, or any suspension or discontinuation of the program, could adversely affect the price of our common stock.
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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Insider Trading Arrangements
On August 31, 2026 , Kathryn Romano , our Executive Vice President & Chief Accounting Officer , adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act for the sale of up to 11,527 shares of our common stock (including up to 10,927 shares to be acquired upon the exercise of vested stock options), the exercise of vested stock options for up to 1,573 shares of our common stock to be held by Ms. Romano, and a charitable gift of up to 1,163 shares of our common stock, in each case subject to certain conditions. The trading arrangement will terminate on December 31, 2027 , subject to early termination in accordance with its terms, including upon the completion of all transactions contemplated by the trading arrangement.
On September 10, 2026 , Laurent Goux , our Executive Vice President, Head of International , adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act for the sale of up to 3,045 shares of our common stock to be acquired upon the exercise of vested stock options, subject to certain conditions. The trading arrangement will terminate on September 10, 2027 , subject to early termination in accordance with its terms, including upon the completion of the sale of all of the shares of our common stock subject to the trading arrangement.
During the three months ended September 30, 2026, other than as disclosed above, no director or officer (as that term is defined by the SEC in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
| Exhibit Number | ||||||||
| 31.1* | Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||||||
| 31.2* | Certification of Periodic Report by Chief Accounting Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||||||
| 32.1** | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Accounting Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |||||||
| 101 | Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language). The following materials from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2026, are formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) consolidated balance sheets of Krystal Biotech, Inc., (ii) consolidated statements of operations of Krystal Biotech, Inc., (iii) consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income of Krystal Biotech, Inc., (iv) consolidated statements of changes in equity of Krystal Biotech, Inc., (v) consolidated statements of cash flows of Krystal Biotech, Inc. and (vi) notes to condensed consolidated financial statements of Krystal Biotech, Inc. The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL. | |||||||
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith and not “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| KRYSTAL BIOTECH, INC. | ||||||||||||||
| (Registrant) | ||||||||||||||
Date: November 2, 2026 | By: | /s/ Krish S. Krishnan | ||||||||||||
| Krish S. Krishnan | ||||||||||||||
| President and Chief Executive Officer | ||||||||||||||
| (Principal executive officer) | ||||||||||||||
Date: November 2, 2026 | By: | /s/ Kathryn A. Romano | ||||||||||||
| Kathryn A. Romano | ||||||||||||||
| Chief Accounting Officer | ||||||||||||||
| (Principal financial and accounting officer) | ||||||||||||||
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