[424B2] Morgan Stanley Prospectus Supplement

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Morgan Stanley Finance LLC (Series A GMTN) is offering $5.4 million of two-year, principal-at-risk Fixed-Income Auto-Callable Securities due 26 May 2027. The notes are unsecured obligations of MSFL and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Morgan Stanley.

Key economic terms:

• Denomination: $1,000; aggregate issuance: $5.4 million.
• Underlying basket (worst-of): Goldman Sachs (GS), JPMorgan Chase (JPM) and Visa Class A (V).
• Fixed coupon: 9.00% p.a. paid monthly (30/360 basis) until an automatic call or maturity.
• Call Threshold (monthly from Nov-2025): 100 % of each share’s initial level (GS $593.46; JPM $261.04; V $358.30). If all three close ≥ threshold on any determination date, investors receive principal + current coupon and the note terminates.
• Downside Threshold: 60 % of initial level (GS $356.076; JPM $156.624; V $214.98). If the worst performer finishes below its threshold on the 21 May 2027 observation date, redemption value is principal × (final/initial of worst share), exposing holders to a dollar-for-dollar loss beyond the barrier.
  Example: 40 % drop in worst share ⇒ 40 % principal loss.
• Estimated value on pricing date: $966.90 (3.3 % below issue price) reflecting structuring/hedging costs and MS internal funding rate.
• Issue price: $1,000; dealer commission $29.60 (2.96 %); proceeds to issuer $970.40.
• No market listing; MS & Co. may provide secondary liquidity but is not obliged to do so.

Main risk / suitability profile: Investors receive a high fixed yield but face (1) full downside exposure to the worst-performing stock below the 40 % barrier, (2) reinvestment risk if the note is called early, (3) credit risk of Morgan Stanley, (4) valuation & liquidity risk (secondary prices likely below par), and (5) tax uncertainty—treated as a put option + deposit; portions of coupon may be subject to 30 % withholding for non-U.S. holders.

The structure does not participate in any upside of GS, JPM or V. Its performance is binary: stable-to-moderate equity markets deliver coupons and par repayment; a significant drawdown in any single name results in proportionate principal loss. This worst-of feature removes diversification benefits typically associated with multi-asset linkers.

Timeline: Pricing/strike 21 May 2025; first coupon 26 Jun 2025; first call test 21 Nov 2025; maturity 26 May 2027.

Given the modest size, the deal is not financially material to Morgan Stanley but provides fee income and supports its retail structured-product franchise.

Positive

• 9.00% fixed annual coupon paid monthly, higher than comparably rated straight debt.
• Automatic redemption feature could return principal early if underliers stay at or above initial levels, boosting annualised yield.
• Full Morgan Stanley guarantee adds parent-level credit support compared with standalone subsidiary risk.

Negative

• Principal at risk; a ≥40 % decline in any single underlying stock results in proportionate capital loss up to 100 %.
• Worst-of structure eliminates diversification benefits and increases probability of breach versus single-name notes.
• Issuer credit & liquidity risk; notes are unsecured, unlisted, and secondary trading depends solely on MS & Co.
• Estimated value ($966.90) below issue price, implying 3.3 % upfront economic drag to investors.
• Reinvestment risk; early calls likely in bullish markets, capping returns and forcing investors into lower-yield alternatives.
• Tax uncertainty; complex put-option treatment and potential 30 % withholding on coupons for non-U.S. holders.

Insights

Structured-Products Analyst

TL;DR – High 9% coupon for retail investors, but worst-of barrier and MS credit risk make payoff asymmetric and potentially harsh.

The note offers an above-market fixed yield with frequent (monthly) call observations, appealing in a flat-to-slow-growth equity scenario. However, the 60 % downside barrier on the worst-performing share coupled with 100 % call threshold means investors absorb left-tail equity risk while surrendering all upside. The internal valuation shows a 3.3 % initial discount, signalling embedded fees and MS funding benefit. Liquidity is dealer-driven; exit prices will likely be well below theoretical value, especially if volatility or MS credit spreads widen. Tax treatment remains uncertain. From a portfolio-construction view, the product is only suitable for yield-seeking investors comfortable with single-name equity and credit risk.

Portfolio Manager – Multi-Asset Income

TL;DR – Yield attractive but risk/return inferior to diversified credit or dividend equities; impact on MS negligible.

Relative to similarly rated corporate bonds, the 9 % coupon looks rich, yet the effective risk is more akin to a short put on a concentrated financial-services basket. Early-call mechanics skew realised return: if shares rally, note redeems and investor reinvests at lower yields; if shares fall, investor is locked in with potential capital loss. For Morgan Stanley, the $5.4 million size is immaterial; the bank earns ~3 % distribution/structuring fees and hedges residual market risk. Overall market impact: neutral.

Pricing Supplement No. 8,365

Registration Statement Nos. 333-275587; 333-275587-01

Dated May 21, 2025

Filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)

Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Structured Investments

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities due May 26, 2027

Based on the Worst Performing of the Common Stock of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., the Common Stock of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and the Class A Common Stock of Visa Inc.‬‬‬

Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by Morgan Stanley

Principal at Risk Securities

￭The securities are unsecured obligations of Morgan Stanley Finance LLC (“MSFL”) and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Morgan Stanley. The securities have the terms described in the accompanying product supplement and prospectus, as supplemented or modified by this document. The securities do not guarantee the repayment of principal.

￭Fixed coupon. The securities will pay a fixed coupon on each coupon payment date at the annual rate specified herein.

￭Automatic early redemption. The securities will be automatically redeemed if the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its call threshold level on any redemption determination date for an early redemption payment equal to the stated principal amount plus the fixed coupon with respect to the related interest period. No further payments will be made on the securities once they have been automatically redeemed.

￭Payment at maturity. If the securities have not been automatically redeemed prior to maturity and the final level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its downside threshold level, investors will receive, in addition to the fixed coupon with respect to the final interest period, the stated principal amount at maturity. If, however, the final level of any underlier is less than its downside threshold level, although investors will still receive the fixed coupon with respect to the final interest period, investors will lose 1% for every 1% decline in the level of the worst performing underlier over the term of the securities. Under these circumstances, the payment at maturity will be significantly less than the stated principal amount and could be zero.

￭The value of the securities is based on the worst performing underlier. The fact that the securities are linked to more than one underlier does not provide any asset diversification benefits and instead means that a decline in the level of any underlier beyond its downside threshold level will adversely affect your return on the securities, even if the other underliers have appreciated or have not declined as much.

￭The securities are for investors who seek an opportunity to earn interest at a potentially above-market rate in exchange for the risk of losing a significant portion or all of their principal. You will not participate in any appreciation of any underlier. Investors in the securities must be willing to accept the risk of losing their entire initial investment based on the performance of any underlier. The securities are notes issued as part of MSFL’s Series A Global Medium-Term Notes program.

￭All payments are subject to our credit risk. If we default on our obligations, you could lose some or all of your investment. These securities are not secured obligations and you will not have any security interest in, or otherwise have any access to, any underlying reference asset or assets.

FINAL TERMS
Issuer:	Morgan Stanley Finance LLC
Guarantor:	Morgan Stanley
Stated principal amount:	$1,000 per security
Issue price:	$1,000 per security (see “Commissions and issue price” below)
Aggregate principal amount:	$5,400,000
Underliers:	The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. common stock (the “GS Stock”), JPMorgan Chase & Co. common stock (the “JPM Stock”) and Visa Inc.‬‬‬ class A common stock (the “V Stock”). We refer to each of the GS Stock, the JPM Stock and the V Stock as an underlying stock.
Strike date:	May 21, 2025
Pricing date:	May 21, 2025
Original issue date:	May 27, 2025
Observation date:	May 21, 2027, subject to postponement for non-trading days and certain market disruption events
Maturity date:	May 26, 2027
Terms continued on the following page
Agent:	Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC (“MS & Co.”), an affiliate of MSFL and a wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley. See “Supplemental information regarding plan of distribution; conflicts of interest.”
Estimated value on the pricing date:	$966.90 per security. See “Estimated Value of the Securities” on page 4.
Commissions and issue price:	Price to public	Agent’s commissions and fees(1)	Proceeds to us(2)
Per security	$1,000	$29.60	$970.40
Total	$5,400,000	$159,840	$5,240,160

(1)Selected dealers and their financial advisors will collectively receive from the agent, MS & Co., a fixed sales commission of $29.60 for each security they sell. See “Supplemental information regarding plan of distribution; conflicts of interest.” For additional information, see “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” in the accompanying product supplement.

(2)See “Use of Proceeds and Hedging” in the accompanying product supplement.

The securities involve risks not associated with an investment in ordinary debt securities. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7.

The Securities and Exchange Commission and state securities regulators have not approved or disapproved these securities, or determined if this document or the accompanying product supplement and prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The securities are not deposits or savings accounts and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency or instrumentality, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

You should read this document together with the related product supplement and prospectus, each of which can be accessed via the hyperlinks below. Please also see “Additional Terms of the Securities” and “Additional Information About the Securities” at the end of this document.

References to “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Morgan Stanley or MSFL, or Morgan Stanley and MSFL collectively, as the context requires.

Product Supplement for Principal at Risk Securities dated February 7, 2025 Prospectus dated April 12, 2024

Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Terms continued from the previous page
Automatic early redemption:	The securities are not subject to automatic early redemption until the first redemption determination date. If, on any redemption determination date, the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its call threshold level, the securities will be automatically redeemed for the early redemption payment on the related early redemption date. No further payments will be made on the securities once they have been automatically redeemed. The securities will not be redeemed on any early redemption date if the closing level of any underlier is less than its call threshold level on the related redemption determination date.
Early redemption payment:	The stated principal amount plus the fixed coupon with respect to the related interest period
Fixed coupon:	Unless the securities have previously been automatically redeemed, a fixed coupon at an annual rate of 9.00% will be paid on the securities on each coupon payment date.
Downside threshold level:	With respect to the GS Stock, $356.076, which is 60% of its initial level With respect to the JPM Stock, $156.624, which is 60% of its initial level With respect to the V Stock, $214.98, which is 60% of its initial level
Call threshold level:	With respect to the GS Stock, $593.46, which is 100% of its initial level With respect to the JPM Stock, $261.04, which is 100% of its initial level With respect to the V Stock, $358.30, which is 100% of its initial level
Payment at maturity per security:	If the securities have not been automatically redeemed prior to maturity, investors will receive, in addition to the fixed coupon with respect to the final interest period, a payment at maturity determined as follows: •If the final level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its downside threshold level: stated principal amount •If the final level of any underlier is less than its downside threshold level: stated principal amount × performance factor of the worst performing underlier Under these circumstances, the payment at maturity will be significantly less than the stated principal amount and could be zero.
Redemption determination dates:	November 21, 2025, December 22, 2025, January 21, 2026, February 23, 2026, March 23, 2026, April 22, 2026, May 20, 2026, June 23, 2026, July 22, 2026, August 21, 2026, September 23, 2026, October 21, 2026, November 23, 2026, December 22, 2026, January 21, 2027, February 23, 2027, March 23, 2027 and April 21, 2027, subject to postponement for non-trading days and certain market disruption events.
First redemption determination date:	November 21, 2025. Under no circumstances will the securities be redeemed prior to the first redemption determination date.
Early redemption dates:	November 26, 2025, December 26, 2025, January 26, 2026, February 26, 2026, March 26, 2026, April 27, 2026, May 26, 2026, June 26, 2026, July 27, 2026, August 26, 2026, September 28, 2026, October 26, 2026, November 27, 2026, December 28, 2026, January 26, 2027, February 26, 2027, March 29, 2027 and April 26, 2027
Coupon payment dates:	Monthly, on the 26th calendar day of each month. If any coupon payment date is not a business day, the coupon payment with respect to such date will be made on the next succeeding business day and no adjustment will be made to the coupon payment made on that succeeding business day. The coupon payment with respect to the final interest period shall be made on the maturity date. The expected coupon payment dates are set forth under “Expected Coupon Payment Dates” below.
Initial level:	With respect to the GS Stock, $593.46, which is its closing level on the strike date With respect to the JPM Stock, $261.04, which is its closing level on the strike date With respect to the V Stock, $358.30, which is its closing level on the strike date
Final level:	With respect to each underlier, the closing level on the observation date
Performance factor:	With respect to each underlier, final level / initial level
Closing level:	“Closing level” and “adjustment factor” have the meanings set forth under “General Terms of the Securities—Some Definitions” in the accompanying product supplement.
Worst performing underlier:	The underlier with the lowest percentage return from its initial level to its final level
CUSIP:	61778KMR5
ISIN:	US61778KMR58
Listing:	The securities will not be listed on any securities exchange.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Expected Coupon Payment Dates*

June 26, 2025

July 28, 2025

August 26, 2025

September 26, 2025

October 27, 2025

November 26, 2025

December 26, 2025

January 26, 2026

February 26, 2026

March 26, 2026

April 27, 2026

May 26, 2026

June 26, 2026

July 27, 2026

August 26, 2026

September 28, 2026

October 26, 2026

November 27, 2026

December 28, 2026

January 26, 2027

February 26, 2027

March 29, 2027

April 26, 2027

May 26, 2027 (maturity date)

*After giving effect to expected postponement due to non-business days

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Estimated Value of the Securities

The original issue price of each security is $1,000. This price includes costs associated with issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities, which are borne by you, and, consequently, the estimated value of the securities on the pricing date is less than $1,000. Our estimate of the value of the securities as determined on the pricing date is set forth on the cover of this document.

What goes into the estimated value on the pricing date?

In valuing the securities on the pricing date, we take into account that the securities comprise both a debt component and a performance-based component linked to the underliers. The estimated value of the securities is determined using our own pricing and valuation models, market inputs and assumptions relating to the underliers, instruments based on the underliers, volatility and other factors including current and expected interest rates, as well as an interest rate related to our secondary market credit spread, which is the implied interest rate at which our conventional fixed rate debt trades in the secondary market.

What determines the economic terms of the securities?

In determining the economic terms of the securities, we use an internal funding rate, which is likely to be lower than our secondary market credit spreads and therefore advantageous to us. If the issuing, selling, structuring and hedging costs borne by you were lower or if the internal funding rate were higher, one or more of the economic terms of the securities would be more favorable to you.

What is the relationship between the estimated value on the pricing date and the secondary market price of the securities?

The price at which MS & Co. purchases the securities in the secondary market, absent changes in market conditions, including those related to the underliers, may vary from, and be lower than, the estimated value on the pricing date, because the secondary market price takes into account our secondary market credit spread as well as the bid-offer spread that MS & Co. would charge in a secondary market transaction of this type and other factors. However, because the costs associated with issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities are not fully deducted upon issuance, to the extent that MS & Co. may buy or sell the securities in the secondary market during the amortization period specified herein, absent changes in market conditions, including those related to the underliers, and to our secondary market credit spreads, it would do so based on values higher than the estimated value. We expect that those higher values will also be reflected in your brokerage account statements.

MS & Co. may, but is not obligated to, make a market in the securities, and, if it once chooses to make a market, may cease doing so at any time.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Hypothetical Examples

The following hypothetical examples illustrate how to determine whether the securities will be automatically redeemed with respect to a redemption determination date and how to calculate the payment at maturity if the securities have not been automatically redeemed prior to maturity. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only. You will receive a fixed coupon on each coupon payment date at the annual rate specified on the cover of this document, regardless of the performance of the underliers. Whether the securities are automatically redeemed prior to maturity will be determined by reference to the closing level of each underlier on each redemption determination date. The payment at maturity will be determined by reference to the closing level of each underlier on the observation date. The actual initial level, call threshold level and downside threshold level for each underlier were determined on the strike date. All payments on the securities are subject to our credit risk. The numbers in the hypothetical examples below may have been rounded for ease of analysis. The below examples are based on the following terms:

Stated principal amount:	$1,000 per security
Hypothetical initial level:	With respect to the GS Stock, $100.00* With respect to the JPM Stock, $100.00* With respect to the V Stock, $100.00*
Hypothetical call threshold level:	With respect to the GS Stock, $100.00, which is 100% of its hypothetical initial level With respect to the JPM Stock, $100.00, which is 100% of its hypothetical initial level With respect to the V Stock, $100.00, which is 100% of its hypothetical initial level
Hypothetical downside threshold level:	With respect to the GS Stock, $60.00, which is 60% of its hypothetical initial level With respect to the JPM Stock, $60.00, which is 60% of its hypothetical initial level With respect to the V Stock, $60.00, which is 60% of its hypothetical initial level
Fixed coupon:	9.00% per annum (corresponding to approximately $7.50 per interest period per security). The actual fixed coupon will be an amount determined by the calculation agent based on the number of days in the applicable payment period, calculated on a 30/360 day-count basis. The hypothetical fixed coupon of $7.50 is used in these examples for ease of analysis.

*The hypothetical initial level of $100.00 for each underlier has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the actual initial level of any underlier. Please see “Historical Information” below for historical data regarding the actual closing levels of the underliers.

How to determine whether the securities will be automatically redeemed with respect to a redemption determination date:

	Closing Level			Early Redemption Payment
	GS Stock	JPM Stock	V Stock
Hypothetical Redemption Determination Date #1	$35.00 (less than its call threshold level)	$55.00 (less than its call threshold level)	$105.00 (greater than or equal to its call threshold level)	N/A
Hypothetical Redemption Determination Date #2	$140.00 (greater than or equal to its call threshold level)	$150.00 (greater than or equal to its call threshold level)	$105.00 (greater than or equal to its call threshold level)	$1,000 + $7.50 (the stated principal amount + the fixed coupon with respect to the related interest period)

On hypothetical redemption determination date #1, because the closing level of at least one underlier is less than its call threshold level, the securities are not automatically redeemed on the related early redemption date.

On hypothetical redemption determination date #2, because the closing level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its call threshold level, the securities are automatically redeemed on the related early redemption date for an early redemption payment equal to the stated principal amount plus the fixed coupon with respect to the related interest period. No further payments are made on the securities once they have been automatically redeemed.

If the closing level of any underlier is less than its call threshold level on each redemption determination date, the securities will not be automatically redeemed prior to maturity.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

How to calculate the payment at maturity (if the securities have not been automatically redeemed):

The hypothetical examples below illustrate how to calculate the payment at maturity if the securities have not been automatically redeemed prior to maturity.

	Final Level			Payment at Maturity per Security (in addition to the fixed coupon of $7.50 with respect to the final interest period)
	GS Stock	JPM Stock	V Stock
Example #1	$130.00 (greater than or equal to its downside threshold level)	$105.00 (greater than or equal to its downside threshold level)	$140.00 (greater than or equal to its downside threshold level)	$1,000
Example #2	$30.00 (less than its downside threshold level)	$95.00 (greater than or equal to its downside threshold level)	$90.00 (greater than or equal to its downside threshold level)	$1,000 × performance factor of the worst performing underlier = $1,000 × ($30.00 / $100.00) = $300.00
Example #3	$50.00 (less than its downside threshold level)	$30.00 (less than its downside threshold level)	$20.00 (less than its downside threshold level)	$1,000 × ($20.00 / $100.00) = $200.00

In example #1, the final level of each underlier is greater than or equal to its downside threshold level. Therefore, investors receive at maturity, in addition to the fixed coupon with respect to the final interest period, the stated principal amount. Investors do not participate in any appreciation of any underlier.

In examples #2 and #3, the final level of at least one underlier is less than its downside threshold level. Therefore, investors receive at maturity, in addition to the fixed coupon with respect to the final interest period, a payment that reflects a loss of 1% of principal for each 1% decline in the level of the worst performing underlier.

If the securities have not been automatically redeemed prior to maturity and the final level of any underlier is less than its downside threshold level, you will be exposed to the negative performance of the worst performing underlier at maturity, and your payment at maturity will be significantly less than the stated principal amount of the securities and could be zero.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Risk Factors

This section describes the material risks relating to the securities. For further discussion of these and other risks, you should read the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the accompanying product supplement and prospectus. We also urge you to consult with your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers in connection with your investment in the securities.

Risks Relating to an Investment in the Securities

￭The securities do not guarantee the return of any principal. The terms of the securities differ from those of ordinary debt securities in that they do not guarantee the repayment of any principal. If the securities have not been automatically redeemed prior to maturity and the final level of any underlier is less than its downside threshold level, the payout at maturity will be, in addition to the fixed coupon with respect to the final interest period, an amount in cash that is significantly less than the stated principal amount of each security, and you will lose an amount proportionate to the full decline in the level of the worst performing underlier over the term of the securities. There is no minimum payment at maturity on the securities, and, accordingly, you could lose your entire initial investment in the securities.

￭Investors will not participate in any appreciation in the value of any underlier. Investors will not participate in any appreciation in the value of any underlier from the strike date to the observation date, and the return on the securities will be limited to the fixed coupons that are paid on the coupon payment dates until early redemption or maturity.

￭The securities are subject to early redemption risk. The term of your investment in the securities may be shortened due to the automatic early redemption feature of the securities. If the securities are automatically redeemed prior to maturity, you will receive no further payments on the securities, may be forced to invest in a lower interest rate environment and may not be able to reinvest at comparable terms or returns. However, under no circumstances will the securities be redeemed prior to the first redemption determination date.

￭The market price of the securities may be influenced by many unpredictable factors. Several factors, many of which are beyond our control, will influence the value of the securities in the secondary market and the price at which MS & Co. may be willing to purchase or sell the securities in the secondary market. We expect that generally the value of each underlier at any time will affect the value of the securities more than any other single factor. Other factors that may influence the value of the securities include:

othe volatility (frequency and magnitude of changes in value) of the underliers;

ointerest and yield rates in the market;

odividend rates on the underliers;

othe level of correlation between the underliers;

ogeopolitical conditions and economic, financial, political, regulatory or judicial events that affect the underliers or equity markets generally;

othe availability of comparable instruments;

othe occurrence of certain events affecting the underliers that may or may not require an adjustment to an adjustment factor;

othe time remaining until the securities mature; and

oany actual or anticipated changes in our credit ratings or credit spreads.

Some or all of these factors will influence the price that you will receive if you sell your securities prior to maturity. Generally, the longer the time remaining to maturity, the more the market price of the securities will be affected by the other factors described above. For example, you may have to sell your securities at a substantial discount from the stated principal amount if, at the time of sale, the closing level of any underlier is at, below or not sufficiently above its downside threshold level, or if market interest rates rise.

You can review the historical closing levels of the underliers in the section of this document called “Historical Information.” You cannot predict the future performance of an underlier based on its historical performance. The values of the underliers may be, and have recently been, volatile, and we can give you no assurance that the volatility will lessen. There can be no assurance that the final level of each underlier will be greater than or equal to its downside threshold level so that you do not suffer a significant loss on your initial investment in the securities.

￭The securities are subject to our credit risk, and any actual or anticipated changes to our credit ratings or credit spreads may adversely affect the market value of the securities. You are dependent on our ability to pay all amounts due on the securities, and, therefore, you are subject to our credit risk. The securities are not guaranteed by any other entity. If we default on our obligations under the securities, your investment would be at risk and you could lose some or all of your investment. As a result, the market value of the securities prior to maturity will be affected by changes in the market’s view of our creditworthiness.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Any actual or anticipated decline in our credit ratings or increase in the credit spreads charged by the market for taking our credit risk is likely to adversely affect the market value of the securities.

￭As a finance subsidiary, MSFL has no independent operations and will have no independent assets. As a finance subsidiary, MSFL has no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of its securities and will have no independent assets available for distributions to holders of MSFL securities if they make claims in respect of such securities in a bankruptcy, resolution or similar proceeding. Accordingly, any recoveries by such holders will be limited to those available under the related guarantee by Morgan Stanley and that guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured, unsubordinated obligations of Morgan Stanley. Holders will have recourse only to a single claim against Morgan Stanley and its assets under the guarantee. Holders of securities issued by MSFL should accordingly assume that in any such proceedings they would not have any priority over and should be treated pari passu with the claims of other unsecured, unsubordinated creditors of Morgan Stanley, including holders of Morgan Stanley-issued securities.

￭The rate we are willing to pay for securities of this type, maturity and issuance size is likely to be lower than the rate implied by our secondary market credit spreads and advantageous to us. Both the lower rate and the inclusion of costs associated with issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities in the original issue price reduce the economic terms of the securities, cause the estimated value of the securities to be less than the original issue price and will adversely affect secondary market prices. Assuming no change in market conditions or any other relevant factors, the prices, if any, at which dealers, including MS & Co., may be willing to purchase the securities in secondary market transactions will likely be significantly lower than the original issue price, because secondary market prices will exclude the issuing, selling, structuring and hedging-related costs that are included in the original issue price and borne by you and because the secondary market prices will reflect our secondary market credit spreads and the bid-offer spread that any dealer would charge in a secondary market transaction of this type as well as other factors.

The inclusion of the costs of issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities in the original issue price and the lower rate we are willing to pay as issuer make the economic terms of the securities less favorable to you than they otherwise would be.

However, because the costs associated with issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities are not fully deducted upon issuance, to the extent that MS & Co. may buy or sell the securities in the secondary market during the amortization period specified herein, absent changes in market conditions, including those related to the underliers, and to our secondary market credit spreads, it would do so based on values higher than the estimated value, and we expect that those higher values will also be reflected in your brokerage account statements.

￭The estimated value of the securities is determined by reference to our pricing and valuation models, which may differ from those of other dealers and is not a maximum or minimum secondary market price. These pricing and valuation models are proprietary and rely in part on subjective views of certain market inputs and certain assumptions about future events, which may prove to be incorrect. As a result, because there is no market-standard way to value these types of securities, our models may yield a higher estimated value of the securities than those generated by others, including other dealers in the market, if they attempted to value the securities. In addition, the estimated value on the pricing date does not represent a minimum or maximum price at which dealers, including MS & Co., would be willing to purchase your securities in the secondary market (if any exists) at any time. The value of your securities at any time after the date of this document will vary based on many factors that cannot be predicted with accuracy, including our creditworthiness and changes in market conditions. See also “The market price of the securities may be influenced by many unpredictable factors” above.

￭The securities will not be listed on any securities exchange and secondary trading may be limited. The securities will not be listed on any securities exchange. Therefore, there may be little or no secondary market for the securities. MS & Co. may, but is not obligated to, make a market in the securities and, if it once chooses to make a market, may cease doing so at any time. When it does make a market, it will generally do so for transactions of routine secondary market size at prices based on its estimate of the current value of the securities, taking into account its bid/offer spread, our credit spreads, market volatility, the notional size of the proposed sale, the cost of unwinding any related hedging positions, the time remaining to maturity and the likelihood that it will be able to resell the securities. Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide enough liquidity to allow you to trade or sell the securities easily. Since other broker-dealers may not participate significantly in the secondary market for the securities, the price at which you may be able to trade your securities is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which MS & Co. is willing to transact. If, at any time, MS & Co. were to cease making a market in the securities, it is likely that there would be no secondary market for the securities. Accordingly, you should be willing to hold your securities to maturity.

￭As discussed in more detail in the accompanying product supplement, investing in the securities is not equivalent to investing in the underlier(s).

￭The U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities are uncertain. There is no direct legal authority regarding the proper U.S. federal income tax treatment of the securities, and significant aspects of the tax treatment of the securities are uncertain. Moreover, non-U.S. investors should note that persons having withholding responsibility in respect of the securities may withhold on any coupon paid to a non-U.S. investor, generally at a rate of 30%. We will not pay any additional amounts in respect of such withholding. You should review carefully the section entitled “United States Federal Income Tax

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

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Principal at Risk Securities

Considerations” herein, in combination with the section entitled “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the accompanying product supplement, and consult your tax adviser regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities.

Risks Relating to the Underlier(s)

￭Because your return on the securities will depend upon the performance of the underlier(s), the securities are subject to the following risk(s), as discussed in more detail in the accompanying product supplement.

oYou are exposed to the price risk of each underlier.

oBecause the securities are linked to the performance of the worst performing underlier, you are exposed to a greater risk of sustaining a significant loss on your investment than if the securities were linked to just one underlier.

oWe have no affiliation with any underlying stock issuer.

oWe may engage in business with or involving any underlying stock issuer without regard to your interests.

oThe anti-dilution adjustments the calculation agent is required to make do not cover every corporate event that could affect an underlying stock.

Risks Relating to Conflicts of Interest

In engaging in certain activities described below and as discussed in more detail in the accompanying product supplement, our affiliates may take actions that may adversely affect the value of and your return on the securities, and in so doing they will have no obligation to consider your interests as an investor in the securities.

￭The calculation agent, which is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley and an affiliate of MSFL, will make determinations with respect to the securities. As calculation agent, MS & Co. will make any determinations necessary to calculate any payment(s) on the securities. Moreover, certain determinations made by MS & Co., in its capacity as calculation agent, may require it to exercise discretion and make subjective judgments, which may adversely affect your return on the securities. In addition, MS & Co. has determined the estimated value of the securities on the pricing date.

￭Hedging and trading activity by our affiliates could potentially adversely affect the value of the securities.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Historical Information

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Overview

Bloomberg Ticker Symbol: GS

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a bank holding company, is a global investment banking and securities firm specializing in investment banking, trading and principal investments, asset management and securities services. The underlier is registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Information provided to or filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the underlying stock issuer pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, can be located by reference to Securities and Exchange Commission file number 001-14965 through the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, information regarding the underlying stock issuer may be obtained from other sources including, but not limited to, press releases, newspaper articles and other publicly disseminated documents. Neither we nor the agent makes any representation that such publicly available documents or any other publicly available information regarding the underlying stock issuer is accurate or complete.

The closing level of the GS Stock on May 21, 2025 was $593.46. The following graph sets forth the daily closing levels of the underlier for the period noted below. We obtained the historical information presented in this document from Bloomberg Financial Markets, without independent verification. The underlier has at times experienced periods of high volatility. You should not take the historical closing levels of the underlier as an indication of its future performance, and no assurance can be given as to the closing level of the underlier at any time.

GS Stock Daily Closing Levels

January 1, 2020 to May 21, 2025

 

This document relates only to the securities referenced hereby and does not relate to the underlier or other securities of the underlying stock issuer. We have derived all disclosures contained in this document regarding the underlier from the publicly available documents described above. In connection with this offering of securities, neither we nor the agent has participated in the preparation of such documents or made any due diligence inquiry with respect to the underlying stock issuer. Neither we nor the agent makes any representation that such publicly available documents or any other publicly available information regarding the underlying stock issuer is accurate or complete. Furthermore, we cannot give any assurance that all events occurring prior to the date hereof (including events that would affect the accuracy or completeness of the publicly available documents described above) that would affect the trading price of the underlier (and therefore the closing level of the underlier on the strike date) have been publicly disclosed. Subsequent disclosure of any such events or the disclosure of or failure to disclose material future events concerning the underlying stock issuer could affect the value received with respect to the securities and therefore the value of the securities.

Neither we nor any of our affiliates makes any representation to you as to the performance of the underlier.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

JPMorgan Chase & Co. Overview

Bloomberg Ticker Symbol: JPM

JPMorgan Chase & Co. is a global financial services firm. The underlier is registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Information provided to or filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the underlying stock issuer pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, can be located by reference to Securities and Exchange Commission file number 001-05805 through the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, information regarding the underlying stock issuer may be obtained from other sources including, but not limited to, press releases, newspaper articles and other publicly disseminated documents. Neither we nor the agent makes any representation that such publicly available documents or any other publicly available information regarding the underlying stock issuer is accurate or complete.

The closing level of the JPM Stock on May 21, 2025 was $261.04. The following graph sets forth the daily closing levels of the underlier for the period noted below. We obtained the historical information presented in this document from Bloomberg Financial Markets, without independent verification. The underlier has at times experienced periods of high volatility. You should not take the historical closing levels of the underlier as an indication of its future performance, and no assurance can be given as to the closing level of the underlier at any time.

JPM Stock Daily Closing Levels

January 1, 2020 to May 21, 2025

 

This document relates only to the securities referenced hereby and does not relate to the underlier or other securities of the underlying stock issuer. We have derived all disclosures contained in this document regarding the underlier from the publicly available documents described above. In connection with this offering of securities, neither we nor the agent has participated in the preparation of such documents or made any due diligence inquiry with respect to the underlying stock issuer. Neither we nor the agent makes any representation that such publicly available documents or any other publicly available information regarding the underlying stock issuer is accurate or complete. Furthermore, we cannot give any assurance that all events occurring prior to the date hereof (including events that would affect the accuracy or completeness of the publicly available documents described above) that would affect the trading price of the underlier (and therefore the closing level of the underlier on the strike date) have been publicly disclosed. Subsequent disclosure of any such events or the disclosure of or failure to disclose material future events concerning the underlying stock issuer could affect the value received with respect to the securities and therefore the value of the securities.

Neither we nor any of our affiliates makes any representation to you as to the performance of the underlier.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Visa Inc.‬‬‬ Overview

Bloomberg Ticker Symbol: V

Visa Inc.‬‬‬ is a global payments technology company. The underlier is registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Information provided to or filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission by the underlying stock issuer pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, can be located by reference to Securities and Exchange Commission file number 001-33977 through the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, information regarding the underlying stock issuer may be obtained from other sources including, but not limited to, press releases, newspaper articles and other publicly disseminated documents. Neither we nor the agent makes any representation that such publicly available documents or any other publicly available information regarding the underlying stock issuer is accurate or complete.

The closing level of the V Stock on May 21, 2025 was $358.30. The following graph sets forth the daily closing levels of the underlier for the period noted below. We obtained the historical information presented in this document from Bloomberg Financial Markets, without independent verification. The underlier has at times experienced periods of high volatility. You should not take the historical closing levels of the underlier as an indication of its future performance, and no assurance can be given as to the closing level of the underlier at any time.

V Stock Daily Closing Levels

January 1, 2020 to May 21, 2025

 

This document relates only to the securities referenced hereby and does not relate to the underlier or other securities of the underlying stock issuer. We have derived all disclosures contained in this document regarding the underlier from the publicly available documents described above. In connection with this offering of securities, neither we nor the agent has participated in the preparation of such documents or made any due diligence inquiry with respect to the underlying stock issuer. Neither we nor the agent makes any representation that such publicly available documents or any other publicly available information regarding the underlying stock issuer is accurate or complete. Furthermore, we cannot give any assurance that all events occurring prior to the date hereof (including events that would affect the accuracy or completeness of the publicly available documents described above) that would affect the trading price of the underlier (and therefore the closing level of the underlier on the strike date) have been publicly disclosed. Subsequent disclosure of any such events or the disclosure of or failure to disclose material future events concerning the underlying stock issuer could affect the value received with respect to the securities and therefore the value of the securities.

Neither we nor any of our affiliates makes any representation to you as to the performance of the underlier.

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Additional Terms of the Securities

Please read this information in conjunction with the terms on the cover of this document.

Additional Terms:
If the terms described herein are inconsistent with those described in the accompanying product supplement or prospectus, the terms described herein shall control.
Denominations:	$1,000 per security and integral multiples thereof
Day-count convention:	Interest will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.
Interest period:	The period from and including the original issue date (in the case of the first interest period) or the previous scheduled coupon payment date, as applicable, to but excluding the following scheduled coupon payment date, with no adjustment for any postponement thereof.
Underlying stock issuer:	With respect to the GS Stock, The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. With respect to the JPM Stock, JPMorgan Chase & Co. With respect to the V Stock, Visa Inc.
Amortization period:	The 6-month period following the issue date
Trustee:	The Bank of New York Mellon
Calculation agent:	Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC (“MS & Co.”)

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

Additional Information About the Securities

Additional Information:
Minimum ticketing size:	$1,000 / 1 security
United States federal income tax considerations:	You should review carefully the section in the accompanying product supplement entitled “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations.” The following discussion, when read in combination with the section entitled “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the accompanying product supplement, constitutes the full opinion of our counsel, Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, regarding the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of the securities. Generally, this discussion assumes that you purchased the securities for cash in the original issuance at the stated issue price and does not address other circumstances specific to you, including consequences that may arise due to any other investments relating to an underlier. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the effect any such circumstances may have on the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your ownership of a security. Due to the lack of direct legal authority, there is substantial uncertainty regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities. In the opinion of our counsel, which is based on current market conditions, it is reasonable to treat a security for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a put option (the “Put Option”) written by you with respect to the underlier(s), secured by a cash deposit equal to the stated principal amount of the security (the “Deposit”), as described in the section entitled “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations—Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders—Securities Treated as Put Options and Deposits” in the accompanying product supplement. There is uncertainty regarding this treatment, and the IRS or a court might not agree with it. A different tax treatment could be adverse to you. Under the treatment of a security as a Put Option and a Deposit, a portion of each coupon made with respect to the securities will be attributable to interest on the Deposit, and the remainder will represent premium attributable to your grant of the Put Option (“Put Premium”). Amounts treated as interest on the Deposit should be taxed as ordinary interest income, while the Put Premium should not be taken into account until retirement (including an early redemption) or an earlier taxable disposition. Pursuant to this treatment, set forth below are the portions of each coupon that we have determined should be treated as attributable to interest on the Deposit and to Put Premium: Coupon Rate per Annum Interest on Deposit per Annum Put Premium per Annum 9.00% 4.2170% 4.7830% We do not plan to request a ruling from the IRS regarding the treatment of the securities. An alternative characterization of the securities could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of ownership and disposition of the securities, including the timing and character of income recognized. In particular, there is a risk that a security could be characterized as a single debt instrument for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in which case the tax consequences of an investment in the securities could be different from those described herein and possibly adverse to certain investors. In addition, the U.S. Treasury Department and the IRS have requested comments on various issues regarding the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar financial instruments and have indicated that such transactions may be the subject of future regulations or other guidance. Furthermore, members of Congress have proposed legislative changes to the tax treatment of derivative contracts. Any legislation, Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the securities, possibly with retroactive effect. Non-U.S. Holders. Assuming the treatment of a security as a Put Option and a Deposit is respected, subject to the discussions below and in the section of the accompanying product supplement entitled “United States Federal Tax Considerations,” if you are a Non-U.S. Holder of the securities, under current law you generally should not be subject to U.S. federal withholding or income tax in respect of any amount paid to you with respect to the securities, provided that (i) income in respect of the securities is not effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business in the United States, and (ii) you comply with the applicable certification requirements. As discussed under “United States Federal Income Tax Considerations—Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders—Dividend Equivalents under Section 871(m) of the Code” in the accompanying product supplement, Section 871(m) of the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder (“Section 871(m)”) generally impose a 30% withholding tax on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S. equities. The Treasury regulations, as modified by an IRS notice, exempt financial instruments issued prior to January 1, 2027 that do not have a “delta” of one. Based on certain representations made by us, our counsel is of the opinion that Section 871(m) should not apply

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Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Fixed Income Auto-Callable Securities

Principal at Risk Securities

	to the securities with regard to Non-U.S. Holders. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with this determination. While we currently do not intend to withhold on payments on the securities to Non-U.S. Holders (subject to compliance with the applicable certification requirements and the discussion in the section entitled “FATCA” in the accompanying product supplement), in light of the uncertain treatment of the securities other persons having withholding responsibility in respect of the securities may treat some or all of each coupon payment on a security as subject to withholding tax at a rate of 30%. Moreover, it is possible that in the future we may determine that we should withhold at a rate of 30% on coupon payments on the securities. We will not be required to pay any additional amounts with respect to U.S. federal withholding taxes. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities, including possible alternative treatments, as well as tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or non-U.S. taxing jurisdiction.
Additional considerations:	Client accounts over which Morgan Stanley, Morgan Stanley Wealth Management or any of their respective subsidiaries have investment discretion are not permitted to purchase the securities, either directly or indirectly.
Validity of the securities:	In the opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, as special counsel to MSFL and Morgan Stanley, when the securities offered by this pricing supplement have been executed and issued by MSFL, authenticated by the trustee pursuant to the MSFL Senior Debt Indenture (as defined in the accompanying prospectus) and delivered against payment as contemplated herein, such securities will be valid and binding obligations of MSFL and the related guarantee will be a valid and binding obligation of Morgan Stanley, enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, concepts of reasonableness and equitable principles of general applicability (including, without limitation, concepts of good faith, fair dealing and the lack of bad faith), provided that such counsel expresses no opinion as to (i) the effect of fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer or similar provision of applicable law on the conclusions expressed above and (ii) any provision of the MSFL Senior Debt Indenture that purports to avoid the effect of fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer or similar provision of applicable law by limiting the amount of Morgan Stanley’s obligation under the related guarantee. This opinion is given as of the date hereof and is limited to the laws of the State of New York, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act. In addition, this opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the trustee’s authorization, execution and delivery of the MSFL Senior Debt Indenture and its authentication of the securities and the validity, binding nature and enforceability of the MSFL Senior Debt Indenture with respect to the trustee, all as stated in the letter of such counsel dated February 26, 2024, which is Exhibit 5-a to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed by Morgan Stanley on February 26, 2024.
Supplemental information regarding plan of distribution; conflicts of interest:	Selected dealers and their financial advisors will collectively receive from the agent, MS & Co., a fixed sales commission of $29.60 for each security they sell. MS & Co. is an affiliate of MSFL and a wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, and it and other affiliates of ours expect to make a profit by selling, structuring and, when applicable, hedging the securities. MS & Co. will conduct this offering in compliance with the requirements of FINRA Rule 5121 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., which is commonly referred to as FINRA, regarding a FINRA member firm’s distribution of the securities of an affiliate and related conflicts of interest. MS & Co. or any of our other affiliates may not make sales in this offering to any discretionary account. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” and “Use of Proceeds and Hedging” in the accompanying product supplement.
Where you can find more information:	Morgan Stanley and MSFL have filed a registration statement (including a prospectus, as supplemented by the product supplement) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for the offering to which this communication relates. You should read the prospectus in that registration statement, the product supplement and any other documents relating to this offering that MSFL and Morgan Stanley have filed with the SEC for more complete information about Morgan Stanley and this offering. You may get these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, MSFL, Morgan Stanley, any underwriter or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the prospectus and the product supplement if you so request by calling toll-free 1-(800)-584-6837. Terms used but not defined in this document are defined in the product supplement or in the prospectus. Each of the product supplement and the prospectus can be accessed via the hyperlinks set forth on the cover of this document.

Page 15

FAQ

What is the coupon rate on Morgan Stanley's 9% Auto-Callable Securities (424B2)?

The notes pay a fixed 9.00% annual coupon, distributed monthly on the 26th of each month until an auto-call or maturity.

When can the MS Auto-Callable Securities be redeemed early?

Starting 21 Nov 2025 and monthly thereafter, if all three stocks close at or above 100 % of their initial levels.

How much principal could I lose at maturity?

If at least one underlying closes below 60 % of its initial level on 21 May 2027, you lose 1 % of principal for each 1 % decline in the worst stock—potentially the entire $1,000.

What is the estimated value versus the $1,000 issue price?

Morgan Stanley estimates the fair value at $966.90 on pricing, reflecting structuring fees and its internal funding rate.

Are the securities listed or easily tradable?

No. The notes will not be listed; MS & Co. may provide secondary liquidity, but trading could be limited and at a discount.

What credit risk does an investor assume?

Holders are exposed to the unsecured credit risk of Morgan Stanley; a default could result in partial or full loss of investment.