USA Rare Earth (NASDAQ: USAR) outlines $3.38B SVRE merger and pro forma impact
Rhea-AI Filing Summary
USA Rare Earth, Inc. is providing investors with updated unaudited pro forma financial information reflecting its planned merger with SVRE Holdings Ltd. The merger will combine SVRE with a USAR subsidiary, making SVRE an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of USAR.
The pro forma statements show how USAR’s balance sheet and results of operations would look if the merger, a $300 million cash component and share issuance to SVRE holders, a large 2026 private placement, SVRE’s DFC project financing, an offtake agreement and earnout share issuance had been in place earlier. Management emphasizes these figures are preliminary and based on estimated fair values that may change once the transaction closes and purchase accounting is finalized.
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Insights
USAR outlines a large, leverage‑intensive rare earths merger using pro forma financials.
USA Rare Earth presents detailed unaudited pro forma results for its acquisition of SVRE, based on a total preliminary purchase consideration of $3,383,935k. Consideration includes $300,000k cash plus 126,849,307 USAR shares, creating goodwill of $1,321,414k under acquisition accounting.
The pro forma balance sheet shows combined assets of $6,661,696k, funded partly by SVRE’s DFC debt facility with committed capacity up to $565,000k (with $325,000k outstanding as of March 31, 2026) and by prior equity raises. The structure significantly increases scale but also embeds substantial deferred tax liabilities of $886,414k tied to fair value step‑ups.
USAR also highlights a $1,500,000k private placement at $21.50 per share for 69,767,442 shares, a non‑binding but now papered $1,600,000k U.S. government funding package, and a long‑term offtake agreement for phase‑one production. Pro forma net losses of $75,082k for Q1 2026 and $460,109k for 2025 underscore that profitability will depend on successful ramp‑up and integration rather than current earnings.
8-K Event Classification
Key Figures
Key Terms
unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements financial
Business Combination Agreement financial
Offtake Agreement financial
Deferred tax liabilities financial
CHIPS Act regulatory
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d)
of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
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EXPLANATORY NOTE
As previously announced, USA Rare Earth, Inc. (“USAR,” “we,” “our,” and “us”) entered into a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), dated as of April 19, 2026, by and among (i) USAR, (ii) Middlebury Merger Sub Ltd., a business company limited by shares incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands and an indirect, wholly owned Subsidiary of USAR, (iii) SVRE Holdings Ltd., a business company limited by shares incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (“SVRE”), and (iv) Serra Verde Rare Earths Ltd., a company incorporated and existing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands, solely in its capacity as the representative of SVRE’s shareholders. The Merger Agreement provides for the merger of SVRE with and into Merger Sub, with Merger Sub surviving such merger as an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of USAR.
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Item 8.01 Other Events.
In connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Merger”), on May 13, 2026 USAR filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) a preliminary proxy statement on Schedule 14A related to the Merger (the “Preliminary Proxy Statement”), and a Current Report on Form 8-K, which included the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements of USAR for the year ended December 31, 2025. USAR is filing this Current Report on Form 8-K for the purpose of disclosing USAR’s unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and for the year ended December 31, 2025, giving effect to the Merger. These pro forma financial statements are included in Exhibit 99.1 hereto. As a public company, our filings are subject to review by the SEC, including the Preliminary Proxy Statement filed in connection with the Merger, which includes USAR’s pro forma financial statements referenced above, which could cause changes or modifications to such information.
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This report, including the exhibits filed hereto, contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include those relating to the proposed U.S. government collaboration and the expected timing of executing definitive documents relating thereto, the proposed acquisition of Serra Verde Group (“SVG”), our business plans, strategy, goals and prospects, our plans for and prospects of our other acquisitions, investments and other business development activities, including the announced Carester SAS (“Carester”) and Texas Mineral Resources Corp. (“TMRC”) transactions and other statements regarding USAR’s expectations for future development, operations, strategies, transactions and financial performance. Such statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Words such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “growth,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “propose,” “should,” “target,” “vision,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.
Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and potentially inaccurate assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations, including without limitation: risks that the proposed transactions with Serra Verde Group, Carester SAS and Texas Mineral Resources Corp. may not be consummated on their anticipated timelines or at all; we may not realize the anticipated benefits of our proposed and prior acquisitions, including expected synergies, financial performance, estimated EBITDA and, in the case of Serra Verde Group, integration of operations, on the anticipated timeline or at all; the ability of our Stillwater facility or other future magnet manufacturing facilities to commence commercial operations on the timing and with the production capacity anticipated or at all; our limited operating history; our ability to commercially extract minerals from the Round Top deposit on our anticipated timeline or at all; risks that we may experience delays, unforeseen expenses, increased capital costs, and other complications in operating our business; our ability to raise necessary capital on acceptable terms or at all; potential dilution to existing stockholders and adverse effect on our stock price if we issue additional common stock or equity-linked securities; the volatility of our stock price; our ability to satisfy project milestones and other conditions to disbursement under our financing arrangement with the Department of Commerce (“DOC”) on the anticipated timeline or at all; our dependence on continued governmental support for the DOC financing transactions, which remains subject to changes in laws, regulations, administrations and appropriations; extensive affirmative and negative covenants, domestic content and national security guardrail provisions and ongoing reporting obligations in the DOC financing agreements that restrict our operational and financial flexibility; the risk that defaults under the DOC funding agreements could trigger cross-defaults across our financing arrangements; the impact of the DOC’s equity interest in us on our ability to pursue strategic transactions and on our relationships with customers, suppliers, partners and other counterparties; the availability of rare earth oxide, metal feedstock and other materials, utilities (including power and water) and equipment in quantities and prices that allow us to develop and commercially operate our Stillwater facility and other facilities; our ability to meet individual customer specifications and manufacture a consistently high quality product; fluctuations in demand for and prices of our products, including without limitation as a result of dumping, predatory pricing and other tactics by the Company’s competitors or state actors or the overall competitive environment; our ability to achieve positive cash flow or profitability or the ability to access cash flow within our corporate structure due to restrictions contained in our financing agreements; our ability to convert current commercial discussions and/or memorandums of understanding with customers for the sale of our neo magnets and other products into definitive orders; geopolitical developments or disruptions, such as changes in the political environment, export/import or environmental policy of the People’s Republic of China, the United States or other countries in which we operate or sell products or otherwise; war, terrorism, natural disasters or public health emergencies; our ability to retain or recruit key personnel; environmental, health and safety regulations; and our ability to comply with requirements for federal, state and local government incentives and financing.
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Additional risks and detailed information regarding factors that may cause actual results to differ materially has been and will be included in the Company’s filings with the SEC. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report (or such other date as is specified in such statements), and USAR undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events or developments, except to the extent required by law.
Additional Information and Where to Find It
In connection with the Merger, USAR filed the Preliminary Proxy Statement and, following SEC review, intends to file a definitive proxy statement (together with any amendments or supplements thereto, the “Proxy Statement”), to be distributed to USAR’s stockholders in connection with USAR’s solicitation of proxies for the vote by USAR’s stockholders with respect to the issuance of USAR common stock as merger consideration and other matters described in the Proxy Statement. SVRE’s shareholders approved the merger by written consent which was delivered concurrently with the signing of the merger agreement and will not receive a proxy statement or prospectus. USAR also plans to file with or furnish to the SEC other relevant documents regarding the Merger. After SEC review of the preliminary proxy statement is completed, the definitive Proxy Statement will be mailed to stockholders of USAR. BEFORE MAKING ANY VOTING OR INVESTMENT DECISION, INVESTORS AND SECURITY HOLDERS ARE URGED TO READ THE PROXY STATEMENT AND ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTS THAT ARE OR WILL BE FILED WITH OR FURNISHED TO THE SEC, AS WELL AS ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS TO THESE DOCUMENTS, CAREFULLY AND IN THEIR ENTIRETY WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE BECAUSE THEY CONTAIN OR WILL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE MERGER AND RELATED MATTERS.
Investors and security holders will be able to obtain free copies of the Proxy Statement and other documents containing important information about USAR and the Merger, once such documents are filed with or furnished to the SEC through the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov. Copies of the documents filed with or furnished to the SEC by USAR will be available free of charge on USAR’s website at investors.usare.com or by contacting USAR’s Investor Relations department by email at IR@usare.com. The information included on, or accessible through, USAR’s website is not incorporated by reference into this communication.
Participants in the Solicitation
USAR and certain of its directors and executive officers and other members of its management and employees may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies in respect of the Merger.
Information about the directors and executive officers of USAR, including a description of their direct or indirect interests, by security holdings or otherwise, is contained in USAR’s Preliminary Proxy Statement. Any changes in the holdings of USAR’s securities by USAR’s directors or executive officers from the amounts described in the Preliminary Proxy Statement will be reflected in Statements of Changes in Beneficial Ownership on Form 4 (“Form 4”) or Annual Statements of Changes in Beneficial Ownership of Securities on Form 5 (“Form 5”) subsequently filed with the SEC and available at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Additional information regarding the interests of such participants will be contained in the Proxy Statement when available.
No Offer or Solicitation
This communication is for informational purposes only and is not intended to and shall not constitute an offer to buy or sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any securities, or a solicitation of any vote or approval on the Merger or otherwise, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction. No offer of securities shall be made, except by means of a prospectus meeting the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or pursuant to an applicable exemption therefrom.
Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits.
(d) Exhibits.
The following exhibits are attached with this current report on Form 8-K:
| Exhibit No. | Description | |
| 99.1 | Unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements of USAR as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2026, and for the year ended December 31, 2025 | |
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) |
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| USA Rare Earth, Inc. | ||
| Date: June 5, 2026 | By: | /s/ Valerie Ford Jacob |
| Valerie Ford Jacob | ||
| Chief Legal Officer | ||
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Exhibit 99.1
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL information
Introduction
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is derived from the historical consolidated financial statements of USA Rare Earth, Inc. (“USAR” or the “Company”), and the historical consolidated financial statements of SVRE Holdings Ltd. (“SVRE”), and gives effect to (i) the Merger (as defined below), (ii) the Private Placement (as defined below), (iii) the Retained Finance Agreement (as defined below), (iv) the Offtake Agreement (as defined below), and (v) the issuance of Earnout Shares (as defined below) (collectively, the “Pro Forma Transactions”).
On August 21, 2024, Inflection Point Acquisition Corp. II, a Cayman Islands exempted company (“IPXX”) entered into a Business Combination Agreement (as amended on November 11, 2024 and January 30, 2025, the “Business Combination Agreement”), by and among IPXX, USA Rare Earth, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and IPXX Merger Sub, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of IPXX. Pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, IPXX Merger Sub, LLC merged with and into USA Rare Earth, LLC, with USA Rare Earth, LLC continuing as the surviving company, and IPXX changed its name to USA Rare Earth, Inc. On March 13, 2025, USAR consummated the previously announced merger contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement and USA Rare Earth, LLC became a direct wholly owned subsidiary of USAR. This transaction is already reflected in the USAR historical audited consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2025 and the historical statement of operations of IPXX from January 1, 2025 to March 12, 2025 is not material to the pro forma presentation of the Merger (as defined below) for the purpose of unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations.
Merger
On April 19, 2026, USAR entered into a Merger Agreement by and among (i) USAR, (ii) Middlebury Merger Sub Ltd. (“Merger Sub”), (iii) SVRE, and (iv) Serra Verde Rare Earths Ltd. The Merger Agreement provides for the merger of SVRE with and into Merger Sub, with Merger Sub surviving such merger as an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of USAR (the “Merger”), subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions precedent to such closing. In the Merger, USAR will issue 126,849,307 shares of USAR’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Common Stock”) and pay an aggregate of $300 million of merger consideration.
Upon closing, all outstanding warrants of SVRE will be automatically exercised and converted into SVRE ordinary shares immediately prior to the Merger. All outstanding RSUs and SARs, whether vested or unvested, will accelerate in full and be cancelled in exchange for a pro rata portion of the merger consideration. Stock options not subject to performance conditions will be similarly cancelled on a cashless basis for merger consideration, while performance-vesting options held by continuing service providers will be substituted with USAR RSUs subject to continued service vesting. SVRE’s equity incentive plan will be terminated at closing.
Private Placement
On January 26, 2026, USAR, entered into a securities purchase agreement, for the private placement of 69,767,442 shares of the USAR’s Common Stock, for aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $1.5 billion, at a price per share of $21.50 (the “Private Placement”). USAR closed the Private Placement and issued the shares of Common Stock on January 28, 2026.
Parent Loan Agreement
On January 26, 2026, USAR also entered into non-binding letters of intent with the U.S. Department of Commerce (the “DOC”) covering a total of approximately $1.6 billion, including $277.0 million in direct funding awards under the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors and Science Act (the “CHIPS Act”), and $1.3 billion in senior secured debt with a 15-year term with an expected rate of United States Treasury + 150 basis points (collectively, the “Expected U.S. Government Transaction”). Disbursement of the direct funding and debt proceeds to USAR is contingent upon USAR achieving certain project, financing and commercial milestones. The letter of intent for the Expected U.S. Government Transaction is non-binding and remains subject to negotiation and execution of definitive documentation (the “Definitive Agreements”), satisfaction of conditions precedent, and final government approvals. The Definitive Agreements were entered into on June 3, 2026. Considering that the Definitive Agreements require USAR to make investments and take future actions to receive funds, no adjustments for the Expected U.S. Government Transactions have been included within the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.
The Retained Finance Agreement
On January 21, 2026, SVRE entered into a Finance Agreement with the United States International Development Finance Corporation (the “DFC”), which was amended on March 5, 2026 (as further amended from time to time, the “Retained Finance Agreement”). The Retained Finance Agreement provides SVRE with long-term debt financing to support its rare earth mining and processing operations in an aggregate committed amount not to exceed $565 million, consisting of (i) an initial loan tranche with a principal amount not to exceed $465 million and (ii) a second loan tranche with a principal amount not to exceed $100 million (the “Incremental Loan”). As of March 31, 2026, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of indebtedness of SVRE and its subsidiaries under the Retained Finance Agreement was $325 million. The Incremental Loan is required to be fully disbursed prior to the closing of the Merger. Because the effects of the Retained Finance Agreement were already reflected in the historical unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of SVRE as of March 31, 2026, no adjustment has been reflected within unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet. Adjustments for the Retained Finance Agreement have been included within the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and for the year ended December 31, 2025 assuming the Retained Finance Agreement was entered on January 1, 2025.
The Offtake Agreement
On or about the date of the Merger Agreement, SV Management Switzerland AG (“SV Management Switzerland”), a subsidiary of SVRE, entered into an offtake agreement with a special purpose vehicle capitalized by the U.S. government, as well as private capital sources (the “Counterparty”) (as amended from time to time, the “Offtake Agreement”) for the long-term supply of rare earth materials produced by SVRE.
The Offtake Agreement provides for the sale of 100% of the rare earth products produced from phase one of the Pela Ema project, subject to limited carve-outs, although SVRE’s delivery obligation will be reduced to 75% of phase one production if the Incremental Loan is not fully disbursed by the agreed date. The agreement remains in effect until the earlier of specified production-based volume delivery thresholds and the date that is 20 years after the date on which SVRE’s facility becomes capable of producing the contemplated products (the “Commercial Operations Date”), unless extended with the consent of the U.S. government. Pricing is based on annually escalated contractual floor prices, with amounts above the applicable floor price, as well as certain cost savings and yield variances, allocated 70% to SV Management Switzerland and 30% to the Counterparty. Commencement of deliveries is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of specified conditions precedent by the agreed long-stop date, June 12, 2026, and either party may terminate the agreement without liability if such conditions are not satisfied or waived by that date. As the Offtake Agreement has been executed subsequent to March 31, 2026, adjustments related to the Offtake agreement have been included within the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements.
Issuance of Earnout Shares
In connection with the business combination between the Company and USA Rare Earth, LLC, the Company agreed to issue common stock of the Company (the “earnout shares”) to certain shareholders of USA Rare Earth, LLC in two tranches upon the occurrence of certain triggering events. On April 15, 2026, the Company achieved the market-price condition for the first tranche of earnout shares, as the Company’s common stock exceeded $15.00 per share for at least 20 out of 30 consecutive trading days. 5.05 million shares were issued to USA Rare Earth, LLC shareholders. The second tranche of 5.05 million earnout shares were issued on May 15, 2026 when the Company achieved the market-price condition for the second tranche, as the Company’s common stock exceeds $20.00 per share for at least 20 out of 30 consecutive trading days.
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The earnout shares were classified as liabilities and remeasured at fair value on a recurring basis prior to conversion. Upon issuance of the two tranches of the earnout shares, the related earnout liability was reclassified to common stock and additional paid-in capital. The effect of the conversion has been included within the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2026.
Presentation Periods
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2026 combines the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of USAR as of March 31, 2026 with the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of SVRE as of March 31, 2026, giving effect to the Pro Forma Transactions as if it had been consummated on March 31, 2026.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 combines the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations of USAR for the three months ended March 31, 2026 with the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations of SVRE for the three months ended March 31, 2026, giving effect to the Pro Forma Transactions as if it had been consummated on January 1, 2025.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025 combines the audited consolidated statement of operations of USAR for the year ended December 31, 2025 with the audited consolidated statement of operations of SVRE for the year ended December 31, 2025, giving effect to the Pro Forma Transactions as if it had been consummated on January 1, 2025.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information was derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the following historical financial statements and the accompanying notes:
| ● | The historical audited consolidated financial statements of USAR as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025, as included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2026; |
| ● | The historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of USAR as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2026, as included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 14, 2026; |
| ● | The historical audited financial statements of SVRE as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025, included as Exhibit 99.3 in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 13, 2026. |
The historical unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations of SVRE as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are derived from the books and records of SVRE. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information should also be read together with other financial information included elsewhere or filed with the SEC.
Accounting for the Merger
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). USAR has been identified as an accounting acquirer for accounting purposes, and thus accounts for the Merger as a business combination in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”). Under the acquisition method of accounting, SVRE’s assets and liabilities will be recorded at their respective fair values. Any difference between the purchase price for SVRE and the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired (including intangibles) will be recorded as goodwill. The assets and liabilities of SVRE have been measured based on various preliminary estimates using assumptions that USAR’s management believes are reasonable and based on currently available information. Accordingly, the pro forma adjustments are preliminary and have been made solely for the purpose of providing this unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.
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Differences between these preliminary estimates and the final purchase accounting may occur, and the final purchase accounting could be materially different from the preliminary estimates used to prepare the accompanying unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and could have a material impact on the combined company’s future results of operations and financial position.
Basis of Pro Forma Presentation
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information appearing below does not consider any potential effects of changes in market conditions on revenues or expense efficiencies, among other factors. In addition, as explained in more detail in the accompanying notes, the preliminary allocation of the pro forma purchase price reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is subject to adjustment and may vary significantly from what will be recorded upon completion of the final purchase price allocation.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared based on the aforementioned historical financial statements and the assumptions and adjustments as described in the notes to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information. The pro forma adjustments reflect transaction accounting adjustments related to the Pro Forma Transactions, which are discussed in further detail below. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only and do not purport to represent the combined company’s consolidated results of operations or the consolidated financial position that would actually have occurred had the Pro Forma Transactions been consummated on the dates assumed or to project the combined company’s consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position for any future date or period.
The accounting policies followed in preparing the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information are those used by USAR as set forth in the audited historical financial statements. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information reflects any material adjustments known at this time to conform SVRE historical financial information to USAR’s significant accounting policies based on the Company’s initial review and understanding of SVRE’s significant accounting policies. A more comprehensive comparison and assessment will occur, which may result in additional differences being identified. Additionally, USAR has included certain preliminary presentation adjustments for consistency in the financial statement presentation. See Notes 2 and 3 below for more information.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only and does not reflect the costs of any integration activities or cost savings or synergies that may be achieved because of the Merger.
USAR and SVRE have not had any historical material relationship prior to the Merger. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.
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Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet
As of March 31, 2026
(in thousands)
| USAR Historical | SVRE Historical | Presentation Adjustments | Transaction Accounting Adjustments | Other Material Transactions | Pro Forma Combined | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,749,644 | $ | 110,417 | $ | (300,000 | ) | (B) | $ | 1,560,061 | |||||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivables | 5,691 | 31 | 5,722 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other receivables | - | 241 | (241 | ) | (A) | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Inventories | 28,430 | 21,231 | 49,661 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 6,621 | 3,760 | 241 | (A) | 10,622 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total current assets | 1,790,386 | 135,680 | - | (300,000 | ) | - | 1,626,066 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 118,967 | 611,588 | 1,000 | (A) | 2,510,291 | (B) | 3,227,041 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (14,805 | ) | (A) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mineral interests | 17,339 | - | 14,805 | (A) | 32,144 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | 134,848 | - | 1,321,414 | (B) | 1,456,262 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other intangible assets, net | 67,255 | - | 246,691 | (B) | 313,946 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equipment deposits | 5,364 | - | 5,364 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 473 | - | 473 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other non-current assets | 207 | 1,193 | (1,000 | ) | (A) | 400 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 2,134,839 | $ | 748,461 | $ | - | $ | 3,778,396 | $ | - | $ | 6,661,696 | |||||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE AND STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 17,084 | $ | 15,647 | $ | (6,702 | ) | (A) | $ | 26,029 | |||||||||||||||||
| Accrued liabilities | 21,360 | - | 13,190 | (A) | 113,000 | (C) | 147,995 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 445 | (A) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contract liabilities | 10,377 | - | 10,377 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salaries and social charges | - | 6,488 | (6,488 | ) | (A) | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxes payable | - | 414 | 414 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | - | 445 | (445 | ) | (A) | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Royalty agreement | - | 11,443 | 11,443 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DFC Loan | - | 2,232 | 2,232 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance leases, current | 286 | 933 | 1,219 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating leases, current | 232 | - | 232 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 49,339 | 37,602 | - | 113,000 | - | 199,941 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Royalty agreement | - | 65,534 | 149,881 | (B) | 215,415 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| DFC Loan | - | 297,009 | 297,009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset retirement obligations | - | 4,738 | 4,738 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred grant income | 8,414 | - | 8,414 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance leases, non-current | 519 | 180 | 699 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating leases, non-current | 244 | - | 244 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | - | 1,564 | 1,564 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnout liability | 145,080 | - | (145,080 | ) | (D) | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Warrant liability | 26,491 | 14,841 | (14,841 | ) | (B) | 26,491 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax liability | 16,179 | - | 886,414 | (B) | 902,593 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | 246,266 | 421,468 | - | 1,134,454 | (145,080 | ) | 1,657,108 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mezzanine equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12% Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock | 9,614 | - | 9,614 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total mezzanine equity | 9,614 | - | - | - | - | 9,614 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock | 22 | - | 16 | (B) | 1 | (D) | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (200 | ) | (18,126 | ) | 18,126 | (B) | (200 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 2,332,912 | 615,756 | (615,756 | ) | (B) | 215,826 | (D) | 5,632,657 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 3,083,919 | (B) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (454,349 | ) | (270,637 | ) | 270,637 | (B) | (70,747 | ) | (D) | (638,096 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| (113,000 | ) | (C) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-controlling interest | 574 | - | 574 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 1,878,959 | 326,993 | - | 2,643,942 | 145,080 | 4,994,974 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities, mezzanine equity, and stockholder’s equity | $ | 2,134,839 | $ | 748,461 | $ | - | $ | 3,778,396 | $ | - | $ | 6,661,696 | |||||||||||||||
Please refer to the notes to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.
5
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026
(in thousands except per share amounts)
| USAR Historical | SVRE Historical | Presentation Adjustments |
Transaction Accounting Adjustments | Other Material Transactions |
Pro Forma Combined | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 5,698 | $ | 588 | $ | 6,286 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | 5,592 | 5,009 | 10,601 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 106 | (4,421 | ) | - | - | - | (4,315 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 21,175 | 8,026 | 346 | (AA) | 1,610 | (DD) | 31,157 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 14,249 | - | 14,249 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 1,357 | - | 1,357 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expenses, net | - | 2,365 | 2,365 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 36,781 | 10,391 | 346 | 1,610 | - | 49,128 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (36,675 | ) | (14,812 | ) | (346 | ) | (1,610 | ) | - | (53,443 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
| Other (expense) income, net: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and dividend income | 11,970 | 175 | 12,145 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on fair market value of financial instruments, net | (43,553 | ) | - | (6,216 | ) | (AA) | 6,216 | (EE) | (43,553 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense and other loss, net | (593 | ) | (12,218 | ) | 6,562 | (AA) | 2,276 | (FF) | (7,893 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| (5,374 | ) | (GG) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1,454 | (HH) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grant income | 206 | - | 206 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency exchange, net | - | 15,800 | 15,800 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other expense, net | (31,970 | ) | 3,757 | 346 | - | 4,572 | (23,295 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loss before taxes | (68,645 | ) | (11,055 | ) | - | (1,610 | ) | 4,572 | (76,738 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Benefit from income taxes | (577 | ) | - | (577 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (68,068) | (11,055) | - | (1,610 | ) | 4,572 | (76,161 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | (1,079 | ) | - | (1,079 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to USA Rare Earth, Inc. | $ | (66,989 | ) | $ | (11,055 | ) | $ | - | $ | (1,610 | ) | $ | 4,572 | $ | (75,082 | ) | |||||||||||
| Net loss per share attributable to USA Rare Earth, Inc.: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | (0.34 | ) | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | (0.23 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Number of shares used in per share calculations: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | 196,479 | 193,429 | 333,428 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Please refer to the notes to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.
6
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations
For the Year Ended December 31, 2025
(in thousands except per share amounts)
| USAR Historical | SVRE Historical | Presentation Adjustments | Transaction Accounting Adjustments | Other Material Transactions | Pro Forma Combined | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,643 | $ | 2,486 | $ | 4,129 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | 1,448 | 36,105 | 37,553 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 195 | (33,619 | ) | - | - | - | (33,424) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 43,135 | 25,803 | 278 | (AA) | 113,000 | (CC) | 193,886 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 11,670 | (DD) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 15,885 | - | 15,885 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 678 | - | 678 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expenses, net | - | 1,440 | 1,440 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 59,698 | 27,243 | 278 | 124,670 | - | 211,889 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from operations | (59,503 | ) | (60,862 | ) | (278 | ) | (124,670 | ) | - | (245,313) | ||||||||||||||||
| Other (expense) income, net: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and dividend income | 5,446 | 2,671 | 8,117 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on fair market value of financial instruments, net | (244,488 | ) | - | (7,652 | ) | (AA) | 7,652 | (EE) | (244,488) | |||||||||||||||||
| - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense and other income (loss), net | (139 | ) | (9,873 | ) | 7,930 | (AA) | 4,268 | (FF) | (29,082) | |||||||||||||||||
| (31,968 | ) | (GG) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 700 | (HH) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency exchange, net | - | 49,532 | 49,532 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other expense, net | (239,181 | ) | 42,330 | 278 | - | (19,348 | ) | (215,921) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Loss before taxes | (298,684 | ) | (18,532 | ) | - | (124,670 | ) | (19,348 | ) | (461,234) | ||||||||||||||||
| Benefit from income taxes | (160 | ) | - | (160) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (298,524 | ) | (18,532 | ) | - | (124,670 | ) | (19,348 | ) | (461,074) | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest | (965 | ) | - | (965) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to USA Rare Earth, Inc. | $ | (297,559 | ) | $ | (18,532 | ) | $ | - | $ | (124,670 | ) | $ | (19,348 | ) | $ | (460,109) | ||||||||||
| Net loss per share attributable to USA Rare Earth, Inc.: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | $ | (3.31 | ) | $ | (0.10 | ) | $ | (1.65) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Number of shares used in per share calculations: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic and diluted | 98,021 | 193,429 | 294,638 |
Please refer to the notes to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.
7
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
1. Basis of Presentation
The pro forma adjustments have been prepared as if the Pro Forma Transactions had been consummated on March 31, 2026, in the case of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet, and, in the case of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations, as if the Pro Forma Transactions had been consummated on January 1, 2025, the beginning of the earliest period presented in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared assuming the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under this method, SVRE’s assets and liabilities will be recorded at their respective fair values. Any difference between the purchase price for SVRE and the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired (including intangibles) will be recorded as goodwill. The assets and liabilities of SVRE have been measured based on various preliminary estimates using assumptions that USAR’s management believes are reasonable and based on currently available information. Accordingly, the pro forma adjustments are preliminary and have been made solely for the purpose of providing this unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.
The pro forma adjustments represent management’s estimates based on information available as of June 5, 2026 and are subject to change as additional information becomes available and additional analyses are performed.
USAR has performed a preliminary review to identify any accounting policy differences between the accounting policies used in SVRE’s financial statements and those of the Company, where the impact was potentially material and could be reasonably estimated, with the Company identifying no such differences.
2. Adjustments to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2026
The adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of March 31, 2026 are as follows:
| (A) | Reflects reclassification adjustments to conform SVRE’s historical balances to the financial statement presentation of USAR. |
| (B) | Reflects the purchase price allocation adjustments to record SVRE’s identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The related statement of operations adjustments are reflected at adjustment (BB). This adjustment reflects the recording of the preliminary estimate of goodwill and the elimination of the historical equity balances of SVRE. Additionally, the adjustment removes SVRE’s outstanding warrant liability, to reflect the conversion of all warrants into SVRE’s ordinary shares immediately prior to the Merger. |
Pursuant to ASC 805, the preliminary purchase price was allocated among the identified net assets to be acquired, based on a preliminary analysis. Goodwill is expected to be recognized as a result of the Merger, which represents the excess fair value of consideration over the fair value of the underlying net assets of SVRE. The deferred income taxes represent the deferred tax impact associated with the incremental differences in book and tax basis created from the preliminary purchase price allocation. Deferred taxes associated with estimated fair value adjustments were calculated using the statutory corporate tax rate in Brazil of 34%. The estimates of fair value are based upon preliminary valuation assumptions, and are believed to be reasonable, but are inherently uncertain and unpredictable. As a result, actual results may differ from estimates, and the difference may be material.
8
The following is a preliminary estimate of fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed by USAR in the Merger, reconciled to the estimated purchase consideration (in thousands):
| Net Assets Identified | Preliminary Estimate of Fair Value | |||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 110,417 | ||
| Accounts receivable | 31 | |||
| Inventories | 21,231 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 4,001 | |||
| Property, plant and equipment, net (incl. mineral interests) | 3,122,879 | |||
| Other intangible assets, net (1) | 246,691 | |||
| Other non-current assets | 193 | |||
| Accounts payable | (8,945 | ) | ||
| Accrued liabilities | (13,635 | ) | ||
| Tax payable | (414 | ) | ||
| Royalty agreement – current (2) | (11,443 | ) | ||
| DFC loan, current | (2,232 | ) | ||
| Finance lease, current | (933 | ) | ||
| Royalty agreement – noncurrent (2) | (215,415 | ) | ||
| DFC loan, noncurrent | (297,009 | ) | ||
| Asset retirement obligations | (4,738 | ) | ||
| Finance leases, non-current | (180 | ) | ||
| Other liabilities | (1,564 | ) | ||
| Deferred tax liabilities | (886,414 | ) | ||
| Total net assets identified | $ | 2,062,521 | ||
| Goodwill | 1,321,414 | |||
| Total purchase consideration | $ | 3,383,935 | ||
| Value Conveyed | ||||
| Cash consideration (3) | $ | 300,000 | ||
| Equity consideration (4) | 3,081,169 | |||
| Pre-combination expense for vested performance stock options (5) | 2,766 | |||
| Total purchase consideration | $ | 3,383,935 | ||
| (1) | Other intangible assets is comprised of an Offtake Agreement. The Offtake Agreement asset is expected to be amortized on a systematic basic using the units of production method. As of the date of the Form 8-K in which these pro forma financial statements are included, delivery pursuant to the Offtake Agreement has not started. Accordingly, amortization of the Offtake Agreement had not commenced as of the pro forma transaction date and no related amortization expense has been reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations. |
| (2) | This reflects an increase in the fair value of the liability for royalty payments due to an increase in estimated future cash payments. The increase in estimated future cash payments is primarily related to the anticipated impact of the Offtake Agreement. |
| (3) | This amount represents cash consideration paid to SVRE’s shareholders. |
9
| (4) | Equity consideration is provided in the form of Common Stock of USAR and is calculated as 126,849,307 shares of USAR Common Stock to be issued to SVRE shareholders, multiplied by $24.29, the closing share price of USAR on May 21, 2026. |
The following table shows the effect of changes in USAR’s share price and the resulting impact on the estimated purchase consideration, and estimated goodwill:
| Change in Share Price of USAR | Share Price | Estimated Purchase Consideration (in thousands) | Estimated Goodwill (in thousands) | |||||||||
| Increase of 25% | $ | 30.36 | $ | 4,154,228 | $ | 2,091,364 | ||||||
| Decrease of 25% | 18.22 | 2,613,642 | 550,779 | |||||||||
| (5) | This reflects the pre-combination expense pertaining to options to purchase SVRE shares subject to performance-vesting conditions (the “Performance-Vesting Options”) which will be substituted with USAR time-vesting restricted stock units. |
| (C) | Reflects the impact of nonrecurring expenses related to estimated transaction costs, primarily comprised of investment banking fees, legal fees, issuance costs, accounting and audit fees, and other related advisory costs. No amount was incurred and accrued on the balance sheet as of March 31, 2026. The related income statement adjustment is reflected at adjustment (CC). |
| (D) | Reflects the issuance of USAR’s common stock in an amount of $216 million upon conversion of earnout liabilities of $145 million. The $71 million increase in fair value of the earnout liability between March 31, 2026 and the conversion dates will be recorded as loss on fair market value of financial instruments, net in the Company’s unaudited condensed statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026. |
3. Adjustments to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and for the year ended December 31, 2025
The adjustments included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and for the year ended December 31, 2025 are as follows:
| (AA) | Reflects a reclassification adjustment to conform SVRE’s historical expenses to the financial statement presentation of USAR. |
| (CC) | Reflects the recognition of nonrecurring expenses related to estimated transaction costs in the amount of $113 million, which are primarily comprised of investment banking fees, legal fees, issuance costs, accounting and audit fees, and other related advisory costs. The related balance sheet adjustment is reflected at adjustment (C). |
| (DD) | Reflects the recognition of post-combination stock-based compensation expense in the amount of $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and $11.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 related to Performance-Vesting Options which will be substituted with USAR time-vesting restricted stock units. |
| (EE) | Reflects the elimination of the recognized loss due to the change in fair value of warrant liability in an amount equal to $6.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and $7.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 related to the private placement warrants issued by SVRE to its investors. These warrants will be settled through equity consideration to the holders pursuant to the Merger. The related balance sheet adjustment is reflected in adjustment (B). |
| (FF) | Reflects the elimination of interest related to Class A Preferred Shares in an amount equal to $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 due to their redemption pursuant to the side letter agreement, dated March 5, 2026, between SVRE and Orion. |
| (GG) | Reflects estimated interest expense related to long-term debt financing of SVRE pursuant to the Retained Finance Agreement, calculated using an estimated interest rate of Term SOFR plus 4%. This adjustment also includes the amortization of estimated debt discount and debt issuance costs of $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025. An increase or decrease of one-eighth of a percent in the interest rate would not result in a significant change in interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and for the year ended December 31, 2025. |
10
| (HH) | Reflects the elimination of interest related to the OMF Credit Agreement in an amount equal to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 due to their repayment. |
4. Unaudited Pro Forma Net Loss Per Share
The pro forma net loss per share calculations have been performed for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and for the year ended December 31, 2025, assuming the Pro Forma Transactions had been consummated on January 1, 2025.
| (in thousands except per share amounts) | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | For the Year Ended December 31, 2025 | ||||||
| Numerator | ||||||||
| Pro forma net loss attributable to USA Rare Earth, Inc. | $ | (75,082 | ) | $ | (460,109 | ) | ||
| Declared and deemed dividends, and interest accretion | (709 | ) | (26,594 | ) | ||||
| Pro forma undistributed net loss attributable to USA Rare Earth, Inc. | $ | (75,791 | ) | $ | (486,703 | ) | ||
| Denominator | ||||||||
| USAR pro forma weighted average number of common shares outstanding-basic | 196,479 | 98,021 | ||||||
| Add: Shares to be issued to SVRE shareholders in a Merger | 126,849 | 126,849 | ||||||
| Add: Shares to be issued in a private placement (*) | — | 69,767 | ||||||
| Add: Shares to be issued for earnout payments | 10,100 | |||||||
| Pro forma weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic & diluted | 333,428 | 294,638 | ||||||
| Pro forma net loss per share - basic & diluted | $ | (0.23 | ) | $ | (1.65 | ) | ||
| * | Shares to be issued in a private placement for the three months ended March 31, 2026 are already reflected in the historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of USAR and therefore are not reflected separately. |
The Company’s potentially dilutive outstanding securities were excluded from the computation of pro forma diluted net loss per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.
11