What is Lifeway Food's earnings per share (EPS)?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) reported diluted earnings per share of $0.89 for fiscal year 2025. This represents a 48.3% change compared to the previous fiscal year. EPS represents the portion of a company's net income allocated to each outstanding share of common stock and is widely used to evaluate profitability on a per-share basis.

Lifeway Food Financials

LWAY

Source SEC Filings (10-K/10-Q) Updated Dec 31, 2025 Currency USD FYE December

This page shows Lifeway Food (LWAY) financial statements, including the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, and key financial ratios. View 16 years of annual fundamentals and quarterly data, with year-over-year growth rates and compound annual growth rates (CAGR). All figures are derived from SEC filings (10-K and 10-Q reports).

Financial Health Signals

Financial Profile 48/100

Based on FY2025 annual data. Scores normalized against common benchmarks. How we calculate these scores

Profitability

Lifeway Food has an operating margin of 7.6%, meaning the company retains $8 of operating profit per $100 of revenue. This results in a moderate score of 39/100, indicating healthy but not exceptional operating efficiency. This is up from 7.4% the prior year.

Growth

Lifeway Food's revenue grew 13.7% year-over-year to $212.5M, a solid pace of expansion. This earns a growth score of 56/100.

Leverage

Lifeway Food carries a low D/E ratio of 0.23, meaning only $0.23 of long-term debt for every $1 of shareholders' equity. This conservative leverage earns a score of 97/100, indicating a strong balance sheet with room for future borrowing.

Liquidity

Lifeway Food's current ratio of 2.23 indicates adequate short-term liquidity, earning a score of 41/100. The company can meet its near-term obligations, though with limited headroom.

Cash Flow

While Lifeway Food generated $10.9M in operating cash flow, capex of $27.4M consumed most of it, leaving -$16.4M in free cash flow. This results in a low score of 6/100, reflecting heavy capital investment rather than weak cash generation.

Returns

Lifeway Food's ROE of 16.2% shows moderate profitability relative to equity, earning a score of 47/100. This is up from 12.6% the prior year.

Altman Z-Score Safe

14.72

Lifeway Food scores 14.72, well above the 2.99 safe threshold. The score is driven primarily by a large market capitalization ($356.2M) relative to total liabilities ($19.8M). This indicates low bankruptcy risk based on profitability, leverage, and asset efficiency.

Piotroski F-Score Neutral

4/9

Lifeway Food passes 4 of 9 financial strength tests. 3 of 4 profitability signals pass, no leverage/liquidity signals pass (rising debt, declining liquidity, or share dilution), 1 of 2 efficiency signals pass.

Earnings Quality Mixed

0.79x

For every $1 of reported earnings, Lifeway Food generates $0.79 in operating cash flow ($10.9M OCF vs $13.9M net income). This mixed ratio suggests some earnings may rely on non-cash accounting items.

Interest Coverage Safe

210.0x

Lifeway Food earns $210.0 in operating income for every $1 of interest expense ($16.2M vs $77K). This wide margin provides strong safety for debt servicing, even if earnings decline temporarily.

Key Financial Metrics

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Earnings & Revenue

Revenue

$212.5M

YoY+13.7%

5Y CAGR+15.8%

10Y CAGR+4.5%

Lifeway Food generated $212.5M in revenue in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 13.7% from the prior year.

EBITDA

$20.2M

YoY+16.9%

5Y CAGR+19.8%

10Y CAGR+10.3%

Lifeway Food's EBITDA was $20.2M in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. This represents an increase of 16.9% from the prior year.

Net Income

$13.9M

YoY+53.6%

5Y CAGR+33.8%

10Y CAGR+21.5%

Lifeway Food reported $13.9M in net income in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 53.6% from the prior year.

EPS (Diluted)

$0.89

YoY+48.3%

5Y CAGR+33.5%

10Y CAGR+22.2%

Lifeway Food earned $0.89 per diluted share (EPS) in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 48.3% from the prior year.

Cash & Balance Sheet

Free Cash Flow

-$16.4M

YoY-362.0%

Lifeway Food generated -$16.4M in free cash flow in fiscal year 2025, representing cash available after capex. This represents a decrease of 362.0% from the prior year.

Cash & Debt

$5.6M

YoY-66.7%

5Y CAGR-6.8%

10Y CAGR-0.1%

Lifeway Food held $5.6M in cash against $0 in long-term debt as of fiscal year 2025.

Dividends Per Share

N/A

Shares Outstanding

15M

YoY+0.9%

5Y CAGR-0.5%

10Y CAGR-0.6%

Lifeway Food had 15M shares outstanding in fiscal year 2025. This represents an increase of 0.9% from the prior year.

Margins & Returns

Gross Margin

27.4%

YoY+1.4pp

5Y CAGR+1.0pp

10Y CAGR+5.6pp

Lifeway Food's gross margin was 27.4% in fiscal year 2025, indicating the percentage of revenue retained after direct costs. This is up 1.4 percentage points from the prior year.

Operating Margin

7.6%

YoY+0.2pp

5Y CAGR+2.8pp

10Y CAGR+4.4pp

Lifeway Food's operating margin was 7.6% in fiscal year 2025, reflecting core business profitability. This is up 0.2 percentage points from the prior year.

Net Margin

6.5%

YoY+1.7pp

5Y CAGR+3.3pp

10Y CAGR+5.1pp

Lifeway Food's net profit margin was 6.5% in fiscal year 2025, showing the share of revenue converted to profit. This is up 1.7 percentage points from the prior year.

Return on Equity

16.2%

YoY+3.6pp

5Y CAGR+9.3pp

10Y CAGR+11.8pp

Lifeway Food's ROE was 16.2% in fiscal year 2025, measuring profit generated per dollar of shareholder equity. This is up 3.6 percentage points from the prior year.

Capital Allocation

R&D Spending

N/A

Share Buybacks

N/A

Capital Expenditures

$27.4M

YoY+308.6%

5Y CAGR+70.6%

10Y CAGR+29.9%

Lifeway Food invested $27.4M in capex in fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure. This represents an increase of 308.6% from the prior year.

LWAY Income Statement

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Revenue	$212.5M+13.7%	$186.8M+16.7%	$160.1M+13.1%	$141.6M+18.9%	$119.1M+16.7%	$102.0M
Cost of Revenue	$154.3M+11.6%	$138.2M+17.5%	$117.7M+2.5%	$114.8M+27.0%	$90.4M+20.3%	$75.1M
Gross Profit	$58.2M+19.8%	$48.6M+14.5%	$42.4M+58.4%	$26.8M-6.7%	$28.7M+6.6%	$26.9M
R&D Expenses	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
SG&A Expenses	$21.6M+11.1%	$19.4M+48.1%	$13.1M+4.3%	$12.6M+8.5%	$11.6M-0.4%	$11.7M
Operating Income	$16.2M+16.7%	$13.9M-18.5%	$17.0M+623.5%	$2.3M-60.1%	$5.9M+19.4%	$4.9M
Interest Expense	$77K-26.7%	$105K-72.7%	$384K+43.8%	$267K+130.2%	$116K-1.7%	$118K
Income Tax	$5.8M+17.9%	$4.9M-6.4%	$5.3M+476.0%	$917K-60.2%	$2.3M+44.4%	$1.6M
Net Income	$13.9M+53.6%	$9.0M-20.6%	$11.4M+1130.2%	$924K-72.1%	$3.3M+2.4%	$3.2M
EPS (Diluted)	$0.89+48.3%	$0.60-20.0%	$0.75+1150.0%	$0.06-71.4%	$0.210.0%	$0.21

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Revenue	$55.4M-3.1%	$57.1M+6.0%	$53.9M+16.9%	$46.1M-1.8%	$46.9M+1.8%	$46.1M-6.2%	$49.2M+10.1%	$44.6M
Cost of Revenue	$40.0M-1.8%	$40.7M+5.8%	$38.5M+9.8%	$35.1M+0.1%	$35.0M+2.4%	$34.2M-4.6%	$35.9M+8.4%	$33.1M
Gross Profit	$15.4M-6.4%	$16.4M+6.5%	$15.4M+39.6%	$11.0M-7.2%	$11.9M+0.3%	$11.9M-10.6%	$13.3M+15.1%	$11.5M
R&D Expenses	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
SG&A Expenses	$6.0M-2.4%	$6.2M+30.2%	$4.8M+2.7%	$4.6M-38.8%	$7.6M+112.2%	$3.6M-14.7%	$4.2M+1.0%	$4.1M
Operating Income	$3.8M-25.3%	$5.0M-13.0%	$5.8M+268.2%	$1.6M+120.8%	$713K-83.0%	$4.2M-22.2%	$5.4M+51.1%	$3.6M
Interest Expense	$21K0.0%	$21K0.0%	$21K+50.0%	$14K+366.7%	$3K-25.0%	$4K-91.5%	$47K-7.8%	$51K
Income Tax	$1.2M-24.8%	$1.6M-6.0%	$1.7M+16.5%	$1.4M+52.4%	$936K-30.7%	$1.4M-14.3%	$1.6M+45.7%	$1.1M
Net Income	$2.5M-28.0%	$3.5M-16.9%	$4.2M+20.0%	$3.5M+2312.5%	-$160K-105.4%	$3.0M-21.3%	$3.8M+55.9%	$2.4M
EPS (Diluted)	N/A	$0.23-17.9%	$0.28+21.7%	$0.23	N/A	$0.19-24.0%	$0.25+56.3%	$0.16

LWAY Balance Sheet

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Total Assets	$105.6M+16.6%	$90.5M+10.9%	$81.7M+18.3%	$69.0M-2.6%	$70.9M+15.7%	$61.2M
Current Assets	$37.1M-15.0%	$43.6M+14.2%	$38.2M+41.6%	$27.0M-7.1%	$29.0M+20.8%	$24.1M
Cash & Equivalents	$5.6M-66.7%	$16.7M+26.7%	$13.2M+197.0%	$4.4M-51.9%	$9.2M+16.5%	$7.9M
Inventory	$11.9M+37.0%	$8.7M-4.7%	$9.1M-5.5%	$9.6M+16.2%	$8.3M+19.6%	$6.9M
Accounts Receivable	$16.6M+7.9%	$15.4M+11.2%	$13.9M+21.6%	$11.4M+14.9%	$9.9M+24.1%	$8.0M
Goodwill	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M-9.6%	$12.9M
Total Liabilities	$19.8M+6.2%	$18.6M-12.2%	$21.2M-1.0%	$21.4M-1.4%	$21.7M+51.0%	$14.4M
Current Liabilities	$16.6M+7.3%	$15.5M-6.7%	$16.6M+27.4%	$13.0M+8.1%	$12.1M+42.9%	$8.4M
Long-Term Debt	N/A	N/A	$2.8M+11.0%	$2.5M-28.6%	$3.5M	$0
Total Equity	$85.8M+19.3%	$71.9M+19.0%	$60.4M+27.0%	$47.6M-3.2%	$49.1M+4.9%	$46.9M
Retained Earnings	$88.7M+18.5%	$74.8M+13.7%	$65.8M+20.9%	$54.4M+1.7%	$53.5M+6.6%	$50.2M

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Total Assets	$105.6M-3.6%	$109.5M+11.5%	$98.3M+4.9%	$93.7M+3.4%	$90.5M-0.8%	$91.3M+7.5%	$84.9M+2.6%	$82.8M
Current Assets	$37.1M-31.1%	$53.8M+9.1%	$49.3M+4.1%	$47.4M+8.7%	$43.6M-2.6%	$44.8M+14.0%	$39.3M+4.5%	$37.6M
Cash & Equivalents	$5.6M-75.8%	$23.0M+8.3%	$21.2M+9.1%	$19.4M+16.2%	$16.7M-18.6%	$20.6M+40.5%	$14.6M+21.7%	$12.0M
Inventory	$11.9M+7.5%	$11.1M+8.1%	$10.2M+10.6%	$9.2M+6.5%	$8.7M+2.8%	$8.4M-0.2%	$8.5M+4.0%	$8.1M
Accounts Receivable	$16.6M-4.5%	$17.4M+8.4%	$16.1M-3.7%	$16.7M+8.2%	$15.4M+14.3%	$13.5M-7.1%	$14.5M-3.6%	$15.1M
Goodwill	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M0.0%	$11.7M
Total Liabilities	$19.8M-26.0%	$26.8M+36.7%	$19.6M+0.4%	$19.5M+4.6%	$18.6M-5.8%	$19.8M+16.8%	$16.9M-11.8%	$19.2M
Current Liabilities	$16.6M-28.9%	$23.4M+43.7%	$16.3M-0.5%	$16.4M+5.6%	$15.5M-7.2%	$16.7M+20.6%	$13.9M-6.9%	$14.9M
Long-Term Debt	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	$2.5M
Total Equity	$85.8M+3.7%	$82.8M+5.2%	$78.7M+6.1%	$74.2M+3.1%	$71.9M+0.5%	$71.5M+5.2%	$68.0M+7.0%	$63.5M
Retained Earnings	$88.7M+2.9%	$86.1M+4.3%	$82.6M+5.4%	$78.4M+4.7%	$74.8M-0.2%	$75.0M+4.1%	$72.0M+5.5%	$68.2M

LWAY Cash Flow Statement

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Operating Cash Flow	$10.9M-15.5%	$13.0M-23.5%	$16.9M+324.9%	$4.0M-28.3%	$5.6M-12.9%	$6.4M
Capital Expenditures	$27.4M+308.6%	$6.7M+53.9%	$4.4M+26.2%	$3.4M+79.4%	$1.9M+1.4%	$1.9M
Free Cash Flow	-$16.4M-362.0%	$6.3M-50.2%	$12.6M+2240.1%	$538K-85.2%	$3.6M-18.9%	$4.5M
Investing Cash Flow	-$22.0M-229.8%	-$6.7M-51.5%	-$4.4M-9.5%	-$4.0M+43.6%	-$7.1M-277.9%	-$1.9M
Financing Cash Flow	-$65K+97.6%	-$2.8M+27.2%	-$3.8M+20.4%	-$4.7M-264.5%	$2.9M+812.3%	-$405K
Dividends Paid	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Share Buybacks	N/A	N/A	$0-100.0%	$4.0M+152.5%	$1.6M+290.9%	$405K

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Operating Cash Flow	$267K-96.1%	$6.9M+76.9%	$3.9M+2708.0%	-$150K+94.2%	-$2.6M-134.6%	$7.5M+13.9%	$6.5M+323.3%	$1.5M
Capital Expenditures	$17.7M+1224.8%	$1.3M-42.1%	$2.3M+4.0%	$2.2M+77.2%	$1.3M-18.7%	$1.5M+7.2%	$1.4M-41.8%	$2.5M
Free Cash Flow	-$17.4M-411.9%	$5.6M+247.9%	$1.6M+167.8%	-$2.4M+38.2%	-$3.8M-164.8%	$5.9M+15.7%	$5.1M+653.4%	-$923K
Investing Cash Flow	-$17.7M-243.5%	-$5.1M-140.8%	-$2.1M-172.9%	$2.9M+334.5%	-$1.3M+18.0%	-$1.5M-6.3%	-$1.4M+41.8%	-$2.5M
Financing Cash Flow	$0	$0	$0+100.0%	-$65K	$0	$0+100.0%	-$2.5M-900.0%	-$250K
Dividends Paid	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Share Buybacks	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

LWAY Financial Ratios

Metric	FY25	FY24	FY23	FY22	FY21	FY20
Gross Margin	27.4%+1.4pp	26.0%-0.5pp	26.5%+7.6pp	18.9%-5.2pp	24.1%-2.3pp	26.4%
Operating Margin	7.6%+0.2pp	7.4%-3.2pp	10.6%+8.9pp	1.7%-3.3pp	4.9%+0.1pp	4.8%
Net Margin	6.5%+1.7pp	4.8%-2.3pp	7.1%+6.4pp	0.7%-2.1pp	2.8%-0.4pp	3.2%
Return on Equity	16.2%+3.6pp	12.6%-6.3pp	18.8%+16.9pp	1.9%-4.8pp	6.7%-0.2pp	6.9%
Return on Assets	13.1%+3.2pp	10.0%-3.9pp	13.9%+12.6pp	1.3%-3.3pp	4.7%-0.6pp	5.3%
Current Ratio	2.23-0.6	2.81+0.5	2.30+0.2	2.07-0.3	2.41-0.4	2.85
Debt-to-Equity	0.23-0.0	0.26+0.2	0.050.0	0.05-0.0	0.07+0.1	0.00
FCF Margin	-7.7%-11.1pp	3.4%-4.5pp	7.9%+7.5pp	0.4%-2.7pp	3.1%-1.3pp	4.4%

Metric	Q4'25	Q3'25	Q2'25	Q1'25	Q4'24	Q3'24	Q2'24	Q1'24
Gross Margin	27.8%-1.0pp	28.7%+0.1pp	28.6%+4.6pp	23.9%-1.4pp	25.4%-0.4pp	25.7%-1.3pp	27.0%+1.2pp	25.8%
Operating Margin	6.8%-2.0pp	8.8%-1.9pp	10.8%+7.3pp	3.4%+1.9pp	1.5%-7.6pp	9.1%-1.9pp	11.0%+3.0pp	8.0%
Net Margin	4.6%-1.6pp	6.2%-1.7pp	7.9%+0.2pp	7.7%+8.0pp	-0.3%-6.8pp	6.5%-1.2pp	7.7%+2.3pp	5.4%
Return on Equity	3.0%-1.3pp	4.3%-1.1pp	5.4%+0.6pp	4.8%+5.0pp	-0.2%-4.4pp	4.2%-1.4pp	5.6%+1.7pp	3.8%
Return on Assets	2.4%-0.8pp	3.2%-1.1pp	4.3%+0.5pp	3.8%+4.0pp	-0.2%-3.4pp	3.3%-1.2pp	4.5%+1.5pp	2.9%
Current Ratio	2.23-0.1	2.30-0.7	3.03+0.1	2.89+0.1	2.81+0.1	2.68-0.2	2.83+0.3	2.53
Debt-to-Equity	0.23-0.1	0.32+0.1	0.25-0.0	0.260.0	0.26-0.0	0.28+0.0	0.25+0.2	0.04
FCF Margin	-31.5%-41.2pp	9.8%+6.8pp	3.0%+8.1pp	-5.1%+3.0pp	-8.2%-21.0pp	12.8%+2.4pp	10.4%+12.5pp	-2.1%

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Lifeway Food's annual revenue?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) reported $212.5M in total revenue for fiscal year 2025. This represents a 13.7% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Revenue measures the total income earned from the company's primary business operations before any expenses are deducted.

How fast is Lifeway Food's revenue growing?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) revenue grew by 13.7% year-over-year, from $186.8M to $212.5M in fiscal year 2025.

Is Lifeway Food profitable?

Yes, Lifeway Food (LWAY) reported a net income of $13.9M in fiscal year 2025, with a net profit margin of 6.5%.

What is Lifeway Food's EBITDA?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had EBITDA of $20.2M in fiscal year 2025, measuring earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

What is Lifeway Food's gross margin?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had a gross margin of 27.4% in fiscal year 2025, indicating the percentage of revenue retained after direct costs of goods sold.

What is Lifeway Food's operating margin?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had an operating margin of 7.6% in fiscal year 2025, reflecting the profitability of core business operations before interest and taxes.

What is Lifeway Food's net profit margin?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had a net profit margin of 6.5% in fiscal year 2025, representing the share of revenue converted into profit after all expenses.

What is Lifeway Food's return on equity (ROE)?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) has a return on equity of 16.2% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company generates profit from shareholder equity.

What is Lifeway Food's free cash flow?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) generated -$16.4M in free cash flow during fiscal year 2025. This represents a -362.0% change compared to the previous fiscal year. Free cash flow represents the cash a company generates after accounting for capital expenditures, and is widely used to assess financial flexibility and shareholder value.

What is Lifeway Food's operating cash flow?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) generated $10.9M in operating cash flow during fiscal year 2025, representing cash generated from core business activities.

What are Lifeway Food's total assets?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had $105.6M in total assets as of fiscal year 2025, including both current and long-term assets.

What are Lifeway Food's capital expenditures?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) invested $27.4M in capital expenditures during fiscal year 2025, funding long-term assets and infrastructure.

How many shares does Lifeway Food have outstanding?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had 15M shares outstanding as of fiscal year 2025.

What is Lifeway Food's current ratio?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had a current ratio of 2.23 as of fiscal year 2025, which is generally considered healthy.

What is Lifeway Food's debt-to-equity ratio?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.23 as of fiscal year 2025, measuring the company's financial leverage by comparing total debt to shareholder equity.

What is Lifeway Food's return on assets (ROA)?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) had a return on assets of 13.1% for fiscal year 2025, measuring how efficiently the company uses its assets to generate profit.

What is Lifeway Food's Altman Z-Score?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) has an Altman Z-Score of 14.72, placing it in the Safe Zone (low bankruptcy risk). The Z-Score combines five financial ratios—working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, market capitalization, and revenue relative to total assets—to predict the likelihood of bankruptcy. Scores above 2.99 indicate financial safety while scores below 1.81 suggest financial distress. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

What is Lifeway Food's Piotroski F-Score?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) has a Piotroski F-Score of 4 out of 9, indicating neutral financial health. The F-Score evaluates nine binary signals across profitability (positive ROA, positive cash flow, improving ROA, earnings quality), leverage (decreasing debt, improving liquidity, no share dilution), and operating efficiency (improving gross margin, improving asset turnover). Scores of 7–9 indicate strong and improving fundamentals. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

Are Lifeway Food's earnings high quality?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) has an earnings quality ratio of 0.79x, considered mixed quality. This ratio compares operating cash flow to net income. A ratio above 1.0x means the company generates more cash than its reported earnings, indicating sustainable, cash-backed profits. Ratios below 1.0x suggest earnings rely on accounting accruals rather than actual cash generation. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

Can Lifeway Food cover its interest payments?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) has an interest coverage ratio of 210.0x, meaning it can comfortably cover its interest obligations. This ratio divides operating income by interest expense. Ratios above 5x indicate strong debt-servicing ability, while ratios below 2x suggest the company may face difficulty meeting interest payments if earnings decline. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.

How financially healthy is Lifeway Food?

Lifeway Food (LWAY) scores 48 out of 100 on our Financial Profile, indicating moderate overall financial health. This composite score evaluates six dimensions: profitability (operating margin), revenue growth, leverage (debt-to-equity), liquidity (current ratio), cash flow quality (free cash flow margin), and shareholder returns (return on equity). Each dimension is normalized against standard financial benchmarks. Learn more in our complete guide to financial health indicators.