[424B2] Bank of Nova Scotia Prospectus Supplement

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Eagle Capital Growth Fund, Inc. (GRF) – Form 4 Insider Transaction

President & CEO and Director Luke E. Sims reported an open-market purchase of 4,500 GRF common shares on 26-Jun-2025 at an average price of $9.7313 per share (transaction code P). The total consideration is roughly $43,800.

Following the trade, Sims directly owns 290,885 shares and indirectly, through his spouse, controls an additional 11,389 shares, bringing his aggregate reported beneficial ownership to about 302,274 shares.

The filing notes that the indirect holdings are disclaimed for beneficial-ownership purposes under Section 16; nonetheless, the purchase increases the insider’s direct stake by approximately 1.6% versus his prior direct holdings (assuming 286,385 shares beforehand). No derivative securities were reported.

Because the purchase was made on the open market and not under a 10b5-1 plan, it may reflect personal conviction in GRF’s valuation. While the dollar amount is modest relative to typical institutional volumes, insider buying by the top executive is often interpreted as a confidence signal for minority shareholders.

Positive

• CEO open-market purchase indicates management confidence and aligns interests with shareholders.
• No insider sales or derivative transactions reported, reinforcing the positive sentiment.

Negative

• None.

Insights

Securities Analyst

TL;DR: CEO buys 4,500 GRF shares, modest size but positive signal of confidence.

The purchase by Luke Sims is a straightforward open-market buy, not option exercise or compensation. Although the cash outlay ($44k) is small versus GRF’s market cap, any incremental insider ownership—especially from the CEO—aligns management with shareholders and suggests a constructive view on the fund’s NAV discount trajectory. No derivatives, sales, or 10b5-1 shielding were disclosed, enhancing the credibility of the sentiment. The trade lifts Sims’ direct stake to ~291k shares, consolidating an already material position. Short-term price impact is likely muted, but the qualitative tilt is favorable.

Portfolio Manager

TL;DR: Insider buy is positive but immaterial to valuation; monitor for follow-through.

From a portfolio construction lens, the CEO’s purchase is encouraging yet not transformative. The 4,500-share addition represents <0.1% of GRF’s ~6 million share float, limiting liquidity impact. However, insider accumulation can precede larger corporate actions—such as tender offers or distribution changes—common in closed-end funds trading at discounts. While the filing alone does not alter fair-value estimates, it modestly improves the risk-reward profile, warranting continued observation for further insider activity.

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)
Registration Statement No. 333-282565
(To Prospectus dated November 8, 2024,
Prospectus Supplement dated November 8, 2024
and Product Supplement EQUITY STR-1 dated November 8, 2024)

1 ,481,822 Units $10 principal amount per unit CUSIP No. 06419A505		Pricing Date Settlement Date Maturity Date		June 26, 2025 July 3, 2025 June 28, 2030
		Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® Linked to the Russell 2000® Index ￭Automatically callable if the closing level of the Index on any Observation Date, occurring approximately one, two, three, four and five years after the pricing date, is at or above the Starting Value ￭In the event of an automatic call, the amount payable per unit will be: ￭$10.843 if called on the first Observation Date ￭$11.686 if called on the second Observation Date ￭$12.529 if called on the third Observation Date ￭$13.372 if called on the fourth Observation Date ￭$14.215 if called on the final Observation Date ￭If not called on any of the first four Observation Dates, a maturity of approximately five years ￭If not called, 1-to-1 downside exposure to decreases in the Index beyond a 15.00% decline, with up to 85.00% of your principal amount at risk ￭All payments are subject to the credit risk of The Bank of Nova Scotia ￭No periodic interest payments ￭In addition to the underwriting discount set forth below, the notes include a hedging-related charge of $0.05 per unit. See “Structuring the Notes” ￭Limited secondary market liquidity, with no exchange listing ￭The notes are unsecured debt securities and are not savings accounts or insured deposits of a bank. The notes are not insured or guaranteed by the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “CDIC”), the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), or any other governmental agency of Canada, the United States or any other jurisdiction

The notes are being issued by The Bank of Nova Scotia (“BNS”). There are important differences between the notes and a conventional debt security, including different investment risks and certain additional costs. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page TS-6 of this term sheet, “Additional Risk Factors” on page TS-7 of this term sheet and “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-7 of product supplement EQUITY STR-1.

The initial estimated value of the notes as of the pricing date is $9.62 per unit, which is less than the public offering price listed below. See “Summary” on the following page, “Risk Factors” beginning on page TS-6 of this term sheet and “Structuring the Notes” on page TS-13 of this term sheet for additional information. The actual value of your notes at any time will reflect many factors and cannot be predicted with accuracy.

_________________________

None of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), any state securities commission, or any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these notes or determined if this Note Prospectus (as defined below) is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

_________________________

	Per Unit	Total
Public offering price	$ 10.00	$14,818,220.00
Underwriting discount	$ 0.20	$296,364.40
Proceeds, before expenses, to BNS	$ 9.80	$14,521,855.60

The notes:

Are Not FDIC Insured Are Not Bank Guaranteed May Lose Value

BofA Securities

June 26, 2025

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Summary

The Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030 (the “notes”) are our senior unsecured debt securities. The notes are not guaranteed or insured by the CDIC or the FDIC, and are not, either directly or indirectly, an obligation of any third party. The notes are not bail-inable debt securities (as defined in the prospectus). The notes will rank equally with all of our other unsecured senior debt. Any payments due on the notes, including any repayment of principal, will be subject to the credit risk of BNS. The notes will be automatically called at the applicable Call Amount if the Observation Level of the Market Measure, which is the Russell 2000® Index (the “Index”), on any Observation Date is equal to or greater than the Call Level. If the notes are not called, at maturity, if the Ending Value is less than the Starting Value but greater than or equal to the Threshold Value, you will receive the principal amount of your notes. If, however, the notes are not called and the Ending Value is less than the Threshold Value, you will lose a portion, which could be significant, of the principal amount of your notes. Payments on the notes will be calculated based on the $10 principal amount per unit and will depend on the performance of the Index, subject to our credit risk. See “Terms of the Notes” below.

The economic terms of the notes (including the Call Premiums and Call Amounts) are based on our internal funding rate, which is the rate we would pay to borrow funds through the issuance of market-linked notes, and the economic terms of certain related hedging arrangements. Our internal funding rate is typically lower than the rate we would pay when we issue conventional fixed rate debt securities. This difference in funding rate, as well as the underwriting discount and the hedging related charge described below, reduced the economic terms of the notes to you and the initial estimated value of the notes on the pricing date. Due to these factors, the public offering price you pay to purchase the notes is greater than the initial estimated value of the notes.

On the cover page of this term sheet, we have provided the initial estimated value for the notes. The initial estimated value was determined by reference to our internal pricing models, which take into consideration certain factors, such as our internal funding rate on the pricing date and our assumptions about market parameters. For more information about the initial estimated value and the structuring of the notes, see “Structuring the Notes” on page TS-13.

Terms of the Notes		Payment Determination
Issuer:	The Bank of Nova Scotia (“BNS”)	Automatic Call Provision: Redemption Amount Determination: If the notes are not called, you will receive the Redemption Amount per unit on the maturity date, determined as follows: In this case you will receive a Redemption Amount that is less, and possibly significantly less, than the Principal Amount per unit.
Principal Amount:	$10.00 per unit
Term:	Approximately five years, if not called on any of the first four Observation Dates
Market Measure:	The Russell 2000® Index (Bloomberg symbol: “RTY”), a price return index
Starting Value:	2,172.108
Observation Level:	The closing level of the Market Measure on any Observation Date
Ending Value:	The Observation Level of the Index on the final Observation Date
Observation Dates:	July 2, 2026, June 17, 2027, June 23, 2028, June 22, 2029 and June 21, 2030 (the final Observation Date). The Observation Dates are subject to postponement in the event of Market Disruption Events, as described on page PS-26 of product supplement EQUITY STR-1.
Call Level:	2,172.108 (100.00% of the Starting Value)
Call Amounts (per Unit) and Call Premiums:	$10.843, representing a Call Premium of 8.43% of the principal amount, if called on the first Observation Date, $11.686, representing a Call Premium of 16.86% of the principal amount, if called on the second Observation Date, $12.529, representing a Call Premium of 25.29% of the principal amount, if called on the third Observation Date, $13.372, representing a Call Premium of 33.72% of the principal amount, if called on the fourth Observation Date and $14.215, representing a Call Premium of 42.15% of the principal amount, if called on the final Observation Date.
Call Settlement Dates:	Approximately the fifth business day following the applicable Observation Date, subject to postponement as described on page PS-24 of product supplement EQUITY STR-1; provided however that the Call Settlement Date related to the final Observation Date will be the maturity date.
Threshold Value:	1,846.292 (85.00% of the Starting Value, rounded to three decimal places)
Fees and Charges:	The underwriting discount of $0.20 per unit listed on the cover page and the hedging related charge of $0.05 per unit described in “Structuring the Notes” on page TS-13.
Calculation Agent:	BofA Securities, Inc. (“BofAS”)

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-2

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

The terms and risks of the notes are contained in this term sheet and in the following:

￭Product supplement EQUITY STR-1 dated November 8, 2024:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/9631/000183988224038321/bns_424b2-21312.htm

￭Prospectus supplement dated November 8, 2024:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/9631/000183988224038303/bns_424b3-21311.htm

￭Prospectus dated November 8, 2024:
http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/9631/000119312524253771/d875135d424b3.htm

These documents (together, the “Note Prospectus”) have been filed as part of a registration statement with the SEC, which may, without cost, be accessed on the SEC website as indicated above or obtained from Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (“MLPF&S”) or BofAS by calling 1-800-294-1322. You should read the Note Prospectus, including this term sheet, for information about us and this offering. Any prior or contemporaneous oral statements and any other written materials you may have received are superseded by the Note Prospectus. Capitalized terms used but not defined in this term sheet have the meanings set forth in product supplement EQUITY STR-1. Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this document to “we,” “us,” “our,” or similar references are to BNS.

Investor Considerations

You may wish to consider an investment in the notes if:

The notes may not be an appropriate investment for you if:

￭You anticipate that the closing level of the Market Measure on any of the Observation Dates will be equal to or greater than the Call Level and, if the notes are automatically called prior to the final Observation Date, you accept an early exit from your investment. ￭You accept that the return on the notes will be limited to the return represented by the applicable Call Premium even if the percentage change in the level of the Market Measure is greater than the applicable Call Premium. ￭You are willing to risk a loss of principal and return if the notes are not automatically called and the Index decreases from the Starting Value to an Ending Value that is less than the Threshold Value. ￭You are willing to forgo interest payments that are paid on conventional interest-bearing debt securities. ￭You are willing to forgo dividends or other benefits of owning the stocks included in the Index. ￭You are willing to accept a limited or no market for sales prior to maturity, and understand that the market prices for the notes, if any, will be affected by various factors, including our actual and perceived creditworthiness, our internal funding rate and fees and charges on the notes. ￭You are willing to assume our credit risk, as issuer of the notes, for all payments under the notes, including the Call Amount or the Redemption Amount.

￭You wish to make an investment that cannot be automatically called. ￭You believe that the level of the Index will decrease from the Starting Value to an Ending Value that is below the Threshold Value. ￭You anticipate that the Observation Level will be less than the Call Level on each Observation Date. ￭You seek an uncapped return on your investment. ￭You seek 100% principal repayment or preservation of capital. ￭You seek interest payments or other current income on your investment. ￭You want to receive dividends or other distributions paid on the stocks included in the Index. ￭You seek an investment for which there will be a liquid secondary market. ￭You are unwilling or are unable to take market risk on the notes or to take our credit risk as issuer of the notes.

We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting, and other advisors concerning an investment in the notes.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-3

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Examples of Hypothetical Payments

The following examples are for purposes of illustration only. They are based on hypothetical values and show hypothetical returns on the notes. They illustrate the calculation of the Call Amount or Redemption Amount, as applicable, based on the hypothetical terms set forth below. The actual amount you receive and the resulting return will depend on the actual Starting Value, Threshold Value, Call Level, Observation Levels, and term of your investment.

The following examples do not take into account any tax consequences from investing in the notes. These examples are based on:

(1)a Starting Value of 100.00;

(2)a Threshold Value of 85.00;

(3)a Call Level of 100.00;

(4)an expected term of the notes of approximately five years, if the notes are not called on any of the first four Observation Dates;

(5)a Call Premium of 8.43% of the principal amount if the notes are called on the first Observation Date, 16.86% if called on the second Observation Date, 25.29% if called on the third Observation Date, 33.72% if called on the fourth Observation Date and 42.15% if called on the final Observation Date ; and

(6)Observation Dates occurring approximately one, two, three, four and five years after the pricing date.

The hypothetical Starting Value of 100.00 used in these examples has been chosen for illustrative purposes only. The actual Starting Value of the Index is 2,172.108, which was the closing level of the Index on the pricing date.

For recent actual levels of the Index, see “The Index” section below. The Index is a price return index and as such the level of the Index will not include any income generated by dividends paid on the stocks included in the Index, which you would otherwise be entitled to receive if you invested in those stocks directly. In addition, all payments on the notes are subject to issuer credit risk.

Notes Are Called on an Observation Date

The notes will be called at $10.00 plus the applicable Call Premium if the Observation Level on one of the Observation Dates is equal to or greater than the Call Level.

Example 1 - The Observation Level on the first Observation Date is 150.00. Therefore, the notes will be called at $10.00 plus the Call Premium of $0.843 = $10.843 per unit.

Example 2 - The Observation Level on the first Observation Date is below the Call Level, but the Observation Level on the second Observation Date is 120.00. Therefore, the notes will be called at $10.00 plus the Call Premium of $1.686 = $11.686 per unit.

Example 3 - The Observation Levels on the first two Observation Dates are below the Call Level, but the Observation Level on the third Observation Date is 130.00. Therefore, the notes will be called at $10.00 plus the Call Premium of $2.529 = $12.529 per unit.

Example 4 - The Observation Levels on the first three Observation Dates are below the Call Level, but the Observation Level on the fourth Observation Date is 135.00. Therefore, the notes will be called at $10.00 plus the Call Premium of $3.372 = $13.372 per unit.

Example 5 - The Observation Levels on the first four Observation Dates are below the Call Level, but the Observation Level on the fifth and final Observation Date is 145.00. Therefore, the notes will be called at $10.00 plus the Call Premium of $4.215 = $14.215 per unit.

Notes Are Not Called on Any Observation Date

Example 6 - The notes are not called on any Observation Date and the Ending Value is equal to or greater than the Threshold Value. The Redemption Amount will be equal to the principal amount. For example, if the Ending Value is 85.00, the Redemption Amount per unit will be $10.00.

Example 7 - The notes are not called on any Observation Date and the Ending Value is less than the Threshold Value. The Redemption Amount will be less, and possibly significantly less, than the principal amount. For example, if the Ending Value is 70.00, the Redemption Amount per unit will be:

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-4

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Summary of the Hypothetical Examples

	Notes Are Called on an Observation Date					Notes Are Not Called on Any Observation Date
	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5		Example 6	Example 7
Starting Value	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00		100.00	100.00
Call Level	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00		100.00	100.00
Threshold Value	85.00	85.00	85.00	85.00	85.00		85.00	85.00
Observation Level on the First Observation Date	150.00	90.00	90.00	90.00	90.00		88.00	88.00
Observation Level on the Second Observation Date	N/A	120.00	90.00	90.00	90.00		78.00	78.00
Observation Level on the Third Observation Date	N/A	N/A	130.00	90.00	90.00		85.00	85.00
Observation Level on the Fourth Observation Date	N/A	N/A	N/A	135.00	90.00		95.00	95.00
Observation Level on the Final Observation Date	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	145.00		85.00	70.00
Return on the Index	50.00%	20.00%	30.00%	35.00%	45.00%		-15.00%	-30.00%
Return on the Notes	8.43%	16.86%	25.29%	33.72%	42.15%		0.00%	-15.00%
Call Amount / Redemption Amount per Unit	$10.843	$11.686	$12.529	$13.372	$14.215		$10.000	$8.500

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-5

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Risk Factors

There are important differences between the notes and a conventional debt security. An investment in the notes involves significant risks, including those listed below. You should carefully review the more detailed explanation of risks relating to the notes in the “Risk Factors” sections beginning on page PS-7 of product supplement EQUITY STR-1, page S-2 of the prospectus supplement, and page 8 of the prospectus identified above. We also urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting, and other advisors concerning an investment in the notes.

Structure-Related Risks

￭If the notes are not automatically called, depending on the performance of the Index as measured shortly before the maturity date, your investment may result in a loss; there is no guaranteed return of principal.

￭Your return on the notes may be less than the yield you could earn by owning a conventional fixed or floating rate debt security of comparable maturity.

￭Your investment return is limited to the return represented by the applicable Call Premium and may be less than a comparable investment directly in the stocks included in the Index.

Market Measure-Related Risks

￭The Index sponsor may adjust the Index in a way that may adversely affect its level and your interests, and the Index sponsor has no obligation to consider your interests.

￭You will have no rights of a holder of the securities included in the Index, and you will not be entitled to receive securities or dividends or other distributions by the issuers of those securities.

￭While we, MLPF&S, BofAS or our respective affiliates may from time to time own securities of companies included in the Index, none of us, MLPF&S, BofAS or our respective affiliates control any company included in the Index, and have not verified any disclosure made by any other company.

Valuation- and Market-Related Risks

￭Our initial estimated value of the notes is lower than the public offering price of the notes. Our initial estimated value of the notes is only an estimate. The public offering price of the notes exceeds our initial estimated value because it includes costs associated with selling and structuring the notes, as well as hedging our obligations under the notes with a third party, which may include BofAS or one of its affiliates. These costs include the underwriting discount and an expected hedging related charge, as further described in “Structuring the Notes” on page TS-13.

￭Our initial estimated value of the notes does not represent future values of the notes and may differ from others’ estimates. Our initial estimated value of the notes is determined by reference to our internal pricing models when the terms of the notes are set. These pricing models consider certain factors, such as our internal funding rate on the pricing date, the expected term of the notes, market conditions and other relevant factors existing at that time, and our assumptions about market parameters, which can include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other factors. Different pricing models and assumptions could provide valuations for the notes that are different from our initial estimated value. In addition, market conditions and other relevant factors in the future may change, and any of our assumptions may prove to be incorrect. On future dates, the market value of the notes could change significantly based on, among other things, the performance of the Index, changes in market conditions, our creditworthiness, interest rate movements and other relevant factors. These factors, together with various credit, market and economic factors over the term of the notes, are expected to reduce the price at which you may be able to sell the notes in any secondary market and will affect the value of the notes in complex and unpredictable ways. Our initial estimated value does not represent a minimum price at which we or any agents would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at any time.

￭Our initial estimated value is not determined by reference to credit spreads or the borrowing rate we would pay for our conventional fixed-rate debt securities. The internal funding rate used in the determination of our initial estimated value of the notes generally represents a discount from the credit spreads for our conventional fixed-rate debt securities and the borrowing rate we would pay for our conventional fixed-rate debt securities. If we were to use the interest rate implied by the credit spreads for our conventional fixed-rate debt securities, or the borrowing rate we would pay for our conventional fixed-rate debt securities, we would expect the economic terms of the notes to be more favorable to you. Consequently, our use of an internal funding rate for the notes would have an adverse effect on the economic terms of the notes, the initial estimated value of the notes on the pricing date, and the price at which you may be able to sell the notes in any secondary market.

￭A trading market is not expected to develop for the notes. None of us, MLPF&S or BofAS is obligated to make a market for, or to repurchase, the notes. There is no assurance that any party will be willing to purchase your notes at any price in any secondary market.

Conflict-Related Risks

￭Our business, hedging and trading activities, and those of MLPF&S, BofAS and our and their respective affiliates (including trades in shares of companies included in the Index), and any hedging and trading activities we, MLPF&S, BofAS or our or their respective affiliates engage in for our clients’ accounts, may affect the market value of, and return on, the notes and may create conflicts of interest with you.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-6

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

￭There may be potential conflicts of interest involving the calculation agent, which is BofAS. We have the right to appoint and remove the calculation agent.

General Credit-Related Risks

￭Payments on the notes are subject to our credit risk, and actual or perceived changes in our creditworthiness are expected to affect the value of the notes. If we become insolvent or are unable to pay our obligations, you may lose your entire investment.

Tax-Related Risks

￭The U.S. federal income tax consequences of the notes are uncertain, and may be adverse to a holder of the notes. See “Summary of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” below.

￭The conclusion that no portion of the interest paid or credited or deemed to be paid or credited on a note will be “Participating Debt Interest” subject to Canadian withholding tax is based in part on the current published administrative position of the CRA. There cannot be any assurance that CRA’s current published administrative practice will not be subject to change, including potential expansion in the current administrative interpretation of Participating Debt Interest subject to Canadian withholding tax. If, at any time, the interest paid or credited or deemed to be paid or credited on a note is subject to Canadian withholding tax, you will receive an amount that is less than the Redemption Amount. You should consult your own adviser as to the potential for such withholding and the potential for reduction or refund of part or all of such withholding, including under any bilateral Canadian tax treaty the benefits of which you may be entitled. For a discussion of the Canadian federal income tax consequences of investing in the notes, see “Summary of Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences” below, “Canadian Taxation—Debt Securities” on page 66 of the prospectus and “Supplemental Discussion of Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences” on page PS-39 of product supplement EQUITY STR-1.

Additional Risk Factors

The notes are subject to risks associated with small-size capitalization companies.

The stocks composing the Index are issued by companies with small-sized market capitalization. The stock prices of small-size companies may be more volatile than stock prices of large capitalization companies. Small-size capitalization companies may be less able to withstand adverse economic, market, trade and competitive conditions relative to larger companies. Small-size capitalization companies may also be more susceptible to adverse developments related to their products or services.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-7

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

The Index

All disclosures contained in this term sheet regarding the Index, including, without limitation, its make-up, method of calculation, and changes in its components, have been derived from publicly available sources, without independent verification. The Index was developed by Russell Investments (“Russell”) before FTSE International Limited and Russell combined in 2015 to create FTSE Russell, which is wholly owned by London Stock Exchange Group. The information reflects the policies of, and is subject to change by, FTSE Russell (the “Index sponsor”). The Index sponsor, which licenses the copyright and all other rights to the Index, has no obligation to continue to publish, and may discontinue publication of, the Index. The consequences of the Index sponsor discontinuing publication of the Index are discussed in the section entitled “Description of the Notes — Discontinuance of an Index” beginning on page PS-29 of product supplement EQUITY STR-1. None of us, the calculation agent, MLPF&S, BofAS or our or their respective affiliates accepts any responsibility for the calculation, maintenance or publication of the Index or any successor index.

The Russell 2000® Index

General

The Index measures the composite price performance of stocks of 2,000 companies in the U.S. equity market. Additional information (including sectors and sector weights and top constituents) is available on the Index sponsor’s website. (Sector designations are determined by the Index sponsor using criteria it has selected or developed. Different index sponsors may use very different standards for determining sector designations. In addition, many companies operate in a number of sectors, but are listed in only one sector and the basis on which that sector is selected may also differ. As a result, sector comparisons between indices with different index sponsors may reflect differences in methodology as well as actual differences in the sector composition of the indices.)

The Index includes approximately 2,000 of the smallest securities that form the Russell 3000® Index. The Russell 3000® Index is comprised of the 3,000 largest companies, or 98% based on market capitalization, of the investable U.S. equity market. The Index is designed to track the performance of the small capitalization segment of the U.S. equity market.

Selection of Constituent Stocks of the Index

The Index is a sub-index of the Russell 3000® Index. To be eligible for inclusion in the Russell 3000® Index, and, consequently, the Index, a company’s stocks must be listed on the last trading day of May of a given year and FTSE Russell must have access to documentation verifying the company’s eligibility for inclusion. Eligible initial public offerings are added to Russell U.S. Indices at the end of each calendar quarter, based on total market capitalization rankings within the market-adjusted capitalization breaks established during the most recent reconstitution. To be added to any Russell U.S. index during a quarter outside of reconstitution, initial public offerings must meet additional eligibility criteria.

A company is included in the U.S. equity markets and is eligible for inclusion in the Russell 3000® Index, and consequently, the Index, if that company incorporates in, has its headquarters in and also trades with the highest liquidity (as defined by a two-year average daily dollar trading volume from all exchanges) in the United States or its territories. If a company satisfies any one of these criteria and the primary location of that company’s assets or its revenue, based on an average of two years of assets or revenues data, is also in the United States, that company will also be considered part of the U.S. equity market. In addition, if there is insufficient information to assign a company to the U.S. equity markets based on its assets or revenue, the company may nonetheless be assigned to the U.S. equity markets if the headquarters of the company is located in certain “benefit-driven incorporation countries,” or “BDIs,” and that company’s most liquid stock exchange is also in the United States. The BDI countries are Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Channel Islands, Cook Islands, Curacao, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey, Liberia, Marshall Islands, Panama, Saba, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten and Turks and Caicos Islands. ADRs and ADSs are not eligible for inclusion in the Index.

Exclusions from the Index

FTSE Russell specifically excludes the following companies and securities from the Index: (i) preferred and convertible preferred stock, redeemable shares, participating preferred stock, warrants, rights, depositary receipts, installment receipts and trust receipts; (ii) royalty trusts, U.S. limited liability companies, closed-end investment companies (companies that are required to report Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, as defined by the SEC, including business development companies), blank check companies, special purpose acquisition companies and limited partnerships; (iii) companies with a total market capitalization less than $30 million; (iv) companies with only a small portion of their shares available in the marketplace (companies with 5% or less float); (v) bulletin board, pink sheets or over-the-counter traded securities; (vi) companies that generate, or have historically generated, unrelated business taxable income and have not taken steps to block their unrelated business taxable income to equity holders; and (vii) exchange traded funds and mutual funds.

Initial List of Eligible Securities

The primary criterion FTSE Russell uses to determine the initial list of securities eligible for the Russell 3000® Index and consequently, the Index, is total market capitalization, which is calculated by multiplying the total outstanding shares for a company times the market price as of the “rank day” (typically the last trading day in May but a confirmed timetable is announced each spring) in May. All common stock share classes are combined in determining market capitalization. If multiple share classes have been combined, the pricing vehicle will be designated as the share class with the highest two-year trading volume as of the rank day in May. In cases where the common stock share classes act independently of each other (e.g., tracking stocks), each class is considered for inclusion separately. Stocks must have a closing price at or above $1.00 on their primary exchange on the last trading day of May of each year to be eligible for inclusion in the Index. In order to reduce unnecessary turnover, if an existing member’s closing price is less than $1.00 on the last trading day of May,

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-8

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

it will be considered eligible if the average of the daily closing prices from their primary exchange during the month of May is equal to or greater than $1.00.

Annual Reconstitution

The Index is reconstituted annually by FTSE Russell to reflect changes in the marketplace. The list of companies is ranked based on total market capitalization on the rank day in May, with the actual reconstitution effective on the first trading day following the final Friday of June each year, unless the final Friday in June is the 29th or 30th, in which case reconstitution will be effective on the preceding Friday. Changes in the constituents are preannounced and subject to change if any corporate activity occurs or if any new information is received prior to release.

Index Calculation and Capitalization Adjustments

As a capitalization-weighted index, the Index reflects changes in the capitalization, or market value, of the underlier stocks relative to the capitalization on a base date. This discussion describes the “price return” calculation of the Index. The current Index value is the compounded result of the cumulative daily (or monthly) return percentages, where the starting value of the Index is equal to the base value (100) and base date (December 31, 1978). Returns between any two dates can then be derived by dividing the ending period index value (IV1) by the beginning period (IV0) index value, so that the return equals [(IV1 / IV0) – 1] * 100. The ending period index value, for purposes of calculating the Index value, on any date is determined by adding the market values of the underlier stocks, which are derived by multiplying the primary closing price of each stock by the number of available shares, to arrive at the total market capitalization of the 2,000 stocks.

Constituent stocks of the Index are weighted in the Index by their free-float market capitalization, which is calculated by multiplying the primary closing price by the number of free-float shares. Free-float shares are shares that are available to the public for purchase as determined by FTSE Russell. FTSE Russell determines shares available to the public for purchase based on information recorded in corporate filings with the SEC and other reliable sources in the event of missing or questionable data. FTSE Russell removes the following types of shares from total market capitalization to arrive at free-float market capitalization:

Officers and directors’ holdings — shares held by officers and directors.

Large private holdings — shares held by an individual, a group of individuals acting together or a corporation (that is included in the Index) if such holdings constitute 10% or more of the shares outstanding.

Institutional holdings — shares held by investment companies, partnerships, insurance companies, mutual funds or banks are excluded if the holding is greater than 30%. If a firm has a direct relationship to the company, such as board representation, they are considered strategic holdings and excluded regardless of the size of holding per the officers and directors’ exclusion rule.

Publicly listed companies — shares held by publicly listed companies. Holdings considered as Institutional will be considered as available unless the 30% threshold is surpassed, regardless of listing.

ESOP or LESOP shares — shares held by employee stock ownership plans and leveraged employee stock ownership plans.

Initial public offering lock-ups — shares locked-up during an initial public offering are not available to the public and will be excluded from the market value at the time the initial public offering enters the Index.

Government holdings — shareholdings listed as “government of.” Shares held by government investment boards and/or investment arms are treated like shares held by large private shareholdings and are excluded if the number of shares is greater than 10% of outstanding shares. Shares held by a government pension plan are considered institutional holdings and will not be excluded unless the holding is greater than 30%.

Corporate Actions Affecting the Index

FTSE Russell adjusts the Index on a daily basis in response to certain corporate actions and events. Therefore, a company’s membership in the Index and its weight in the Index can be impacted by these corporate actions. The adjustment is applied based on sources of public information, including press releases and SEC filings. Prior to the completion of a corporate action or event, FTSE Russell estimates the effective date. FTSE Russell will then adjust the anticipated effective date based on public information until the date is considered final. Depending on the time on a given day that an action is determined to be final, FTSE Russell will generally either (1) apply the action before the open on the ex-date or (2) apply the action after providing appropriate notice to its clients regarding the impact of the action and the effective date. FTSE Russell applies the following methodology guidelines when adjusting the Index in response to corporate actions and events:

“No Replacement” Rule — Securities that are deleted from the Index between reconstitution dates, for any reason (e.g., mergers, acquisitions or other similar corporate activity) are not replaced. Thus, the number of securities in the Index over the past year will fluctuate according to corporate activity.

Mergers and Acquisitions — Between constituents: When mergers and acquisitions take place between companies that are both constituents of a Russell index, the target company is deleted and its market capitalization simultaneously moves to the acquiring company’s stock. In the absence of an active market for the target company at the time of index implementation, the target company will be deleted from the Index using a synthetic price based on the offer terms. Given sufficient market hours after confirmation, FTSE Russell effects this action after the close on the last day of trade of the target company, or at an appropriate time once the transaction has been deemed to be final (implementation may occur prior to the last day of trade to avoid potential delays with the associated synthetic pricing).

Between a constituent and a non-constituent: If the target company is a member of the Index, it is deleted from the Index after FTSE Russell determines that the action or event is final. If the acquiring company is a member of the Index, its shares are adjusted by adding

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-9

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

the target company’s market capitalization (if the increase in shares is greater than 5%). If the target company is not a member of a Russell index shares of the acquiring company will remain unchanged. If a non-index member acquires an index member, the acquired member will be deleted from the Index once the action is final.

Reincorporation — Members of the Index that reincorporate to another country and continue to trade in the United States and companies that reincorporate to the United States during the year are analyzed for assignment by FTSE Russell during annual reconstitution. Members that reincorporate in another country and no longer trade in the United States are immediately deleted from the Russell U.S. indices.

Reclassification of shares (pricing vehicles) — Pricing vehicles will not be assessed or changed outside of a reconstitution period unless the existing class ceases to exist. In the event of extenuating circumstances signaling a necessary pricing vehicle change, proper notification will be made.

Rights Offerings — Rights offered to shareholders are reflected in the Index only if the subscription price of the rights is at a discount to the market price. Provided that FTSE Russell has been alerted to the rights offer prior to the ex-date, it will adjust the price of the stock for the value of the rights and increased shares according to the terms of the offering before the open on the ex-date. Where the Rights Issue / Entitlement offer subscription price remains unconfirmed on the ex-date, an estimated price will be used. FTSE Russell will estimate the subscription price using the value being raised and the offer terms. This treatment applies for both transferable and non-transferable rights. Rights issued as part of a poison pill arrangement or entitlements that give shareholders the right to purchase ineligible securities such as convertible debt are excluded from this treatment.

Changes to Shares Outstanding — Changes to shares outstanding due to buybacks (including Dutch auctions), secondary offerings, and other potential changes are generally updated on the last Friday of June (unless the last Friday occurs on the 29th or 30th, when reconstitution will occur on the Friday prior). FTSE Russell only applies month-end changes to available shares outstanding if the cumulative change in the number of shares outstanding is greater than 5%. Share changes that are confirmed by their vendors and verified by FTSE Russell by use of an SEC filing at least six days prior to month end are implemented and communicated to clients who subscribe at the Premier level five trading days prior to month end. The float factor last determined (either at reconstitution or due to a corporate action implementation) is applied to the new shares. No such changes are made in June due to the most recent annual reconstitution.

Spin-offs — Spin-offs will be valued using an estimate prior to ex-date. When a spin-off results in an eligible security type being listed on an eligible exchange, the spin-off company will remain in the Index until the next index review, regardless of size. When an index constituent spins off an ineligible security type or the spin-off company is listed on an ineligible exchange only, the security will be added to the Index on the ex-date and subsequently removed with notice at market price once “regular way” trade has commenced.

Tender Offers — A company acquired as a result of a cash tender offer is removed if (i) Where offer acceptances are below 90%, there is reason to believe that the remaining free float is under 5% based on information available at the time; or (ii) Following completion of the offer the acquirer has stated intent to finalize the acquisition via a short-form merger, squeeze-out, top-up option or any other compulsory mechanism; or (iii) Offer acceptances reach 90% (initial, extension or subsequent); and (iv) Shareholders have validly tendered and the shares have been irrevocably accepted for payment; and all pertinent offer conditions have been reasonably met and the acquirer has not explicitly stated that it does not intend to acquire the remaining shares.

Voluntary Exchange Offers — A publicly traded company may offer to exchange or split-off some or all of its ownership in a separate publicly traded company. Once the offer expires, FTSE Russell will decrease the available shares in the offering company, and increase the available shares of ‘split-off’ company, based on the results of the offering. FTSE Russell will effect this change based on, but not limited to, preliminary results, company filings, and exchange notices.

Bankruptcy and Voluntary Liquidations — Companies that file for a Chapter 7 liquidation bankruptcy or have filed a liquidation plan will be removed from the Index at the time of the bankruptcy filing; whereas companies filing for a Chapter 11 reorganization bankruptcy will remain a member of the Index, unless the company is de-listed from the primary exchange, in which case normal de-listing rules apply. If a company files for bankruptcy, is delisted and it can be confirmed that it will not trade OTC, FTSE Russell may remove the stock at a nominal price of $0.0001.

Stock Distributions — A price adjustment for stock distributions is applied on the ex-date of the distribution. When the number of shares for the distribution is fixed, FTSE Russell increases the number of shares on the ex-date. When the number of shares is an undetermined amount based on future earnings and profits, FTSE Russell increases the number of shares on the pay-date.

Dividends — FTSE Russell includes gross dividends in the daily total return calculation of the Index on the basis of their ex-dates. If a dividend is payable in stock and cash and the number of shares to be issued cannot be determined by the ex-date, the dividend is treated as all cash. Regular cash dividends are reinvested across the Index at the close on the dividend ex-date, while special cash dividends are subtracted from the price of the stock before the open on the ex-date.

Halted Securities — Halted securities are not removed from the Index until the time they are actually delisted from the exchange. If a security is halted and declared bankrupt without any indication of compensation to shareholders, the last traded price will be adjusted down to zero value and it will subsequently be removed from the Index with T+2 notice. In all other cases, the security will continue to be included in the Index for a period of up to 20 business days at its last traded price. If the security continues to be suspended at the end of a period of up to 20 business days, FTSE Russell will review it to decide whether to remove it at zero value, repeating such review as applicable at successive 20 business day intervals until trading recommences or specified time limits expire and the security is removed.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-10

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Historical Data

The following graph shows the daily historical performance of the Index in the period from January 1, 2015 through June 26, 2025. We obtained this historical data from Bloomberg L.P. We have not independently verified the accuracy or completeness of the information obtained from Bloomberg L.P. On the pricing date, the closing level of the Index was 2,172.108.

Historical Performance of the Index

This historical data on the Index is not necessarily indicative of the future performance of the Index or what the value of the notes may be. Any historical upward or downward trend in the level of the Index during any period set forth above is not an indication that the level of the Index is more or less likely to increase or decrease at any time over the term of the notes.

You should consult publicly available sources for the levels of the Index.

License Agreement

FTSE Russell has entered into a non-exclusive license agreement with us, granting us, and certain of our affiliates, in exchange for a fee, permission to use the Index in connection with the offer and sale of the notes. We are not affiliated with FTSE Russell; the only relationship between FTSE Russell and us is the licensing of the use of the Russell 2000® Index (a trademark of FTSE Russell) and trademarks relating to the Index. We do not accept any responsibility for the calculation, maintenance or publication of the Index or any successor index.

The notes are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by FTSE Russell. FTSE Russell makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the notes or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the notes particularly or the ability of the Index to track general stock market performance or a segment of the same.

FTSE Russell’s publication of the Index in no way suggests or implies an opinion by FTSE Russell as to the advisability of investment in any or all of the securities upon which the Index is based. FTSE Russell’s only relationship to us is the licensing of certain trademarks and trade names of FTSE Russell and of the Index which is determined, composed and calculated by FTSE Russell without regard to us or the notes. FTSE Russell is not responsible for and has not reviewed the notes nor any associated literature or publications and FTSE Russell makes no representation or warranty express or implied as to their accuracy or completeness, or otherwise. FTSE Russell reserves the right, at any time and without notice, to alter, amend, terminate or in any way change the Index. FTSE Russell has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the notes.

FTSE RUSSELL DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE RUSSELL 2000® INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND FTSE RUSSELL SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. FTSE RUSSELL MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY US, INVESTORS, HOLDERS OF THE NOTES, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE RUSSELL 2000® INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. FTSE RUSSELL MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSELL 2000® INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL FTSE RUSSELL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-11

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Supplement to the Plan of Distribution

Under our distribution agreement with BofAS, BofAS will purchase the notes from us as principal at the public offering price indicated on the cover of this term sheet, less the indicated underwriting discount.

MLPF&S will purchase the notes from BofAS for resale, and will receive a selling concession in connection with the sale of the notes in an amount up to the full amount of the underwriting discount set forth on the cover of this term sheet.

We will pay a fee to LFT Securities, LLC for providing certain electronic platform services with respect to this offering, which will reduce the economic terms of the notes to you. An affiliate of BofAS has an ownership interest in LFT Securities, LLC.

We will deliver the notes against payment therefor in New York, New York on a date that is greater than one business day following the pricing date. Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in one business day, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade the notes more than one business day prior to the settlement date will be required to specify alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement.

The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. In the original offering of the notes, the notes will be sold in minimum investment amounts of 100 units. If you place an order to purchase the notes, you are consenting to MLPF&S and/or one of its affiliates acting as a principal in effecting the transaction for your account.

MLPF&S and BofAS may repurchase and resell the notes, with repurchases and resales being made at prices related to then-prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices, and these prices will include MLPF&S’s and BofAS’s trading commissions and mark-ups or mark-downs. MLPF&S and BofAS may act as principal or agent in these market-making transactions; however, neither is obligated to engage in any such transactions. At their discretion, for a short, undetermined initial period after the issuance of the notes, MLPF&S and BofAS may offer to buy the notes in the secondary market at a price that may exceed the initial estimated value of the notes. Any price offered by MLPF&S or BofAS for the notes will be based on then-prevailing market conditions and other considerations, including the performance of the Index and the remaining term of the notes. However, none of us, MLPF&S, BofAS or any of our respective affiliates is obligated to purchase your notes at any price or at any time, and we cannot assure you that we, MLPF&S, BofAS or any of our respective affiliates will purchase your notes at a price that equals or exceeds the initial estimated value of the notes.

The value of the notes shown on your account statement produced by MLPF&S will be based on BofAS’s estimate of the value of the notes if BofAS or another of its affiliates were to make a market in the notes, which it is not obligated to do. That estimate will be based upon the price that BofAS may pay for the notes in light of then-prevailing market conditions, and other considerations, as mentioned above, and will include transaction costs. At certain times, this price may be higher than or lower than the initial estimated value of the notes.

The distribution of the Note Prospectus in connection with these offers or sales will be solely for the purpose of providing investors with the description of the terms of the notes that was made available to investors in connection with their initial offering. Secondary market investors should not, and will not be authorized to, rely on the Note Prospectus for information regarding BNS or for any purpose other than that described in the immediately preceding sentence.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-12

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Structuring the Notes

The notes are our unsecured senior debt securities, the return on which is linked to the performance of the Index. As is the case for all of our debt securities, including our market-linked notes, the economic terms of the notes reflect our actual or perceived creditworthiness at the time of pricing. The internal funding rate we use in pricing the market-linked note is typically lower than the rate we would pay when we issue conventional fixed-rate debt securities of comparable maturity. This generally relatively lower internal funding rate, which is reflected in the economic terms of the notes, along with the fees and charges associated with market-linked notes, resulted in the initial estimated value of the notes on the pricing date being less than their public offering price.

Payments on the notes, including the amount you receive at maturity or upon an automatic call, will be calculated based on the performance of the Index and the $10 per unit principal amount. In order to meet these payment obligations, at the time we issue the notes, we may choose to enter into certain hedging arrangements (which may include call options, put options or other derivatives) with BofAS or one of its affiliates. The terms of these hedging arrangements are determined by seeking bids from market participants, including MLPF&S, BofAS and its affiliates, and take into account a number of factors, including our creditworthiness, interest rate movements, the volatility of the Index, the tenor of the notes and the tenor of the hedging arrangements. The economic terms of the notes and their initial estimated value depend in part on the terms of these hedging arrangements.

BofAS has advised us that the hedging arrangements will include a hedging related charge of approximately $0.05 per unit, reflecting an estimated profit to be credited to BofAS from these transactions. Since hedging entails risk and may be influenced by unpredictable market forces, additional profits and losses from these hedging arrangements may be realized by BofAS or any third party hedge providers.

For further information, see “Risk Factors” beginning on page PS-7 and “Use of Proceeds and Hedging” on page PS-22 of product supplement EQUITY STR-1.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-13

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Summary of Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences

See “Supplemental Discussion of Canadian Federal Income Tax Consequences” in product supplement EQUITY STR-1. In addition to the assumptions, limitations and conditions described therein, such discussion assumes that no amount paid or payable to a Non-Resident Holder will be the deduction component of a “hybrid mismatch arrangement” under which the payment arises within the meaning of paragraph 18.4(3)(b) of the Act.

Summary of U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences

The following is a general description of certain U.S. federal tax considerations relating to the notes. Prospective purchasers of the notes should consult their tax advisors as to the consequences under the tax laws of the country of which they are residents for tax purposes and the tax laws of the U.S. of acquiring, holding and disposing of the notes and receiving payments under the notes. This summary is based upon the law as in effect on the date of this document and is subject to any change in law that may take effect after such date. We urge you to read the more detailed discussion in the “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences” section beginning on page PS-41 of product supplement EQUITY STR-1.

No statutory, regulatory, judicial or administrative authority directly discusses how the notes should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in the notes are uncertain. Accordingly, we urge you to consult your tax advisor as to the tax consequences of your investment in the notes (and of having agreed to the required tax treatment of your notes described below) and as to the application of state, local or other tax laws to your investment in your notes and the possible effects of changes in federal or other tax laws.

Pursuant to the terms of the notes, BNS and you agree, in the absence of a statutory or regulatory change or an administrative determination or judicial ruling to the contrary, to characterize your notes as prepaid derivative contracts with respect to the Index. If your notes are so treated, you should generally recognize long-term capital gain or loss if you hold your notes for more than one year (and, otherwise, short-term capital gain or loss) upon the taxable disposition (including cash settlement) of your notes in an amount equal to the difference between the amount you receive at such time and the amount you paid for your notes. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

However, it is possible that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) could assert that your holding period in respect of your notes should end on the date on which the amount you are entitled to receive upon maturity or automatic call of your notes is determined, even though you will not receive any amounts from BNS in respect of your notes prior to the maturity or automatic call of your notes. In such case, you may be treated as having a holding period in respect of your notes prior to the maturity or automatic call of your notes, and such holding period may be treated as less than one year even if you receive cash upon the maturity or automatic call of your notes at a time that is more than one year after the beginning of your holding period.

Although uncertain, it is possible that the Call Premium, or proceeds received from the taxable disposition of your notes prior to the Call Settlement Date that could be attributed to the expected Call Premium, could be treated as ordinary income. You should consult your tax advisor regarding this risk.

Based on certain factual representations received from us, our special U.S. tax counsel, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP, is of the opinion that it would be reasonable to treat your notes in the manner described above. However, because there is no authority that specifically addresses the tax treatment of the notes, it is possible that your notes could alternatively be treated for tax purposes as a single contingent payment debt instrument or pursuant to some other characterization, such that the timing and character of your income from the notes could differ materially and adversely from the treatment described above.

Notice 2008-2. In 2007, the IRS released a notice that may affect the taxation of holders of the notes. According to Notice 2008-2, the IRS and the U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) are considering whether a holder of an instrument such as the notes should be required to accrue ordinary income on a current basis. It is not possible to determine what guidance they will ultimately issue, if any. It is possible, however, that under such guidance, holders of the notes will ultimately be required to accrue income currently and this could be applied on a retroactive basis. According to the Notice, the IRS and the Treasury are also considering other relevant issues, including whether additional gain or loss from such instruments should be treated as ordinary or capital, whether non-U.S. holders of such instruments should be subject to withholding tax on any deemed income accruals, and whether the special “constructive ownership rules” of Section 1260 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) should be applied to such instruments. Both U.S. and non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their tax advisors concerning the significance, and the potential impact, of the above considerations.

Proposed Legislation. In 2007, legislation was introduced in Congress that, if it had been enacted, would have required holders of notes purchased after the bill was enacted to accrue interest income over the term of the notes despite the fact that there will be no interest payments over the term of the notes.

Furthermore, in 2013 the House Ways and Means Committee released in draft form certain proposed legislation relating to financial instruments. If it had been enacted, the effect of this legislation generally would have been to require instruments such as the notes to be marked to market on an annual basis with all gains and losses to be treated as ordinary, subject to certain exceptions.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-14

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

It is impossible to predict what any such legislation or administrative or regulatory guidance might provide, and whether the effective date of any legislation or guidance will affect securities that were issued before the date that such legislation or guidance is issued. You are urged to consult your tax advisor as to the possibility that any legislative or administrative action may adversely affect the tax treatment of your notes.

Medicare Tax on Net Investment Income. U.S. holders that are individuals, estates or certain trusts are subject to an additional 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” or “undistributed net investment income” in the case of an estate or trust, which may include any income or gain realized with respect to the notes, to the extent of their net investment income or undistributed net investment income (as the case may be) that, when added to their other modified adjusted gross income, exceeds $200,000 for an unmarried individual, $250,000 for a married taxpayer filing a joint return (or a surviving spouse), $125,000 for a married individual filing a separate return or the dollar amount at which the highest tax bracket begins for an estate or trust. The 3.8% Medicare tax is determined in a different manner than the regular income tax. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors with respect to the 3.8% Medicare tax.

Specified Foreign Financial Assets. U.S. holders may be subject to reporting obligations with respect to their notes if they do not hold their notes in an account maintained by a financial institution and the aggregate value of their notes and certain other “specified foreign financial assets” (applying certain attribution rules) exceeds an applicable threshold. Significant penalties can apply if a U.S. holder is required to disclose its notes and fails to do so.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting. The proceeds received from a taxable disposition of the notes will be subject to information reporting unless you are an “exempt recipient” and may also be subject to backup withholding at the rate specified in the Code if you fail to provide certain identifying information (such as an accurate taxpayer number, if you are a U.S. holder) or meet certain other conditions.

Amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules are not additional taxes and may be refunded or credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the required information is furnished to the IRS.

Non-U.S. Holders. If you are a non-U.S. holder, subject to Section 871(m) of the Code and FATCA, discussed below, you should generally not be subject to generally applicable information reporting and backup withholding requirements with respect to payments on your notes if you comply with certain certification and identification requirements as to your non-U.S. status including providing us (and/or the applicable withholding agent) a properly executed and fully completed applicable IRS Form W-8. Subject to Section 897 of the Code and Section 871(m) of the Code, discussed below, gain realized from the taxable disposition of a note generally will not be subject to U.S. tax unless (i) such gain is effectively connected with a trade or business conducted by you in the U.S., (ii) you are a non-resident alien individual and are present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year of such taxable disposition and certain other conditions are satisfied or (iii) you have certain other present or former connections with the U.S.

Section 897. We will not attempt to ascertain whether the issuer of any security included in the Index would be treated as a “United States real property holding corporation” (“USRPHC”) within the meaning of Section 897 of the Code. We also have not attempted to determine whether the notes should be treated as “United States real property interests” (“USRPI”) as defined in Section 897 of the Code. If any such entity and/or the notes were so treated, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences could possibly apply, including subjecting any gain realized by a non-U.S. holder in respect of the notes upon a taxable disposition (including cash settlement) of the notes to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis, and the proceeds from such a taxable disposition to a withholding tax. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential treatment of any such entity as a USRPHC and/or the notes as USRPI.

Section 871(m). A 30% withholding tax (which may be reduced by an applicable income tax treaty) is imposed under Section 871(m) of the Code on certain “dividend equivalents” paid or deemed paid to a non-U.S. holder with respect to a “specified equity-linked instrument” that references one or more dividend-paying U.S. equity securities or indices containing U.S. equity securities. The withholding tax can apply even if the instrument does not provide for payments that reference dividends. Treasury regulations provide that the withholding tax applies to all dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid on specified equity-linked instruments that have a delta of one (“delta-one specified equity-linked instruments”) issued after 2016 and to all dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid on all other specified equity-linked instruments issued after 2017. However, the IRS has issued guidance that states that the Treasury and the IRS intend to amend the effective dates of the Treasury regulations to provide that withholding on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid will not apply to specified equity-linked instruments that are not delta-one specified equity-linked instruments and are issued before January 1, 2027.

Based on the nature of the Index and our determination that the notes are not “delta-one” with respect to the Index or any U.S. security included in the Index, our special U.S. tax counsel is of the opinion that the notes should not be delta-one specified equity-linked instruments and thus should not be subject to withholding on dividend equivalents. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with this determination. Furthermore, the application of Section 871(m) of the Code will depend on our determinations on the date the terms of the notes are set. If withholding is required, we will not make payments of any additional amounts.

Nevertheless, after the date the terms are set, it is possible that your notes could be deemed to be reissued for tax purposes upon the occurrence of certain events affecting the Index, any U.S. security included in the Index or your notes, and following such occurrence your notes could be treated as delta-one specified equity-linked instruments that are subject to withholding on dividend equivalents. It is also possible that withholding tax or other tax under Section 871(m) of the Code could apply to the notes under these rules if you enter, or have entered, into certain other transactions in respect of the Index, any U.S. security included in the Index or the notes. If you enter, or have entered, into other transactions in respect of the Index, any U.S. security included in the Index or the notes, you should consult your tax advisor regarding the application of Section 871(m) of the Code to your notes in the context of your other transactions.

Because of the uncertainty regarding the application of the 30% withholding tax on dividend equivalents to the notes, you are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the potential application of Section 871(m) of the Code and the 30% withholding tax to an investment in the notes.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-15

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

U.S. Federal Estate Tax Treatment of Non-U.S. Holders. A note may be subject to U.S. federal estate tax if an individual non-U.S. holder holds the note at the time of his or her death. The gross estate of a non-U.S. holder domiciled outside the U.S. includes only property situated in the U.S. Individual non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal estate tax consequences of holding the notes at death.

FATCA. The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (“FATCA”) was enacted on March 18, 2010, and imposes a 30% U.S. withholding tax on “withholdable payments” (i.e., certain U.S.-source payments, including interest (and original issue discount), dividends or other fixed or determinable annual or periodical gain, profits and income, and the gross proceeds from a disposition of property of a type which can produce U.S.-source interest or dividends) and “passthru payments” (i.e., certain payments attributable to withholdable payments) made to certain foreign financial institutions (and certain of their affiliates) unless the payee foreign financial institution agrees (or is required), among other things, to disclose the identity of any U.S. individual with an account at the institution (or the relevant affiliate) and to annually report certain information about such account. FATCA also requires withholding agents making withholdable payments to certain foreign entities that do not disclose the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of any substantial U.S. owners (or do not certify that they do not have any substantial U.S. owners) to withhold tax at a rate of 30%. Under certain circumstances, a holder may be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes.

Pursuant to final and temporary Treasury regulations and other IRS guidance, the withholding and reporting requirements under FATCA will generally apply to certain “withholdable payments”, will not apply to gross proceeds on a sale or disposition, and will apply to certain foreign passthru payments only to the extent that such payments are made after the date that is two years after final regulations defining the term “foreign passthru payment” are published. If withholding is required, we (or the applicable paying agent) will not be required to pay additional amounts with respect to the amounts so withheld. Foreign financial institutions and non-financial foreign entities located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the U.S. governing FATCA may be subject to different rules.

Investors should consult their own advisors about the application of FATCA, in particular if they may be classified as financial institutions (or if they hold their notes through a foreign entity) under the FATCA rules.

Both U.S. and non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the notes, as well as any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or non-U.S. taxing jurisdiction (including that of BNS).

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-16

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®

Linked to the Russell 2000® Index due June 28, 2030

Validity of the Notes

In the opinion of Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP, as special counsel to BNS, when the notes offered by this term sheet have been executed and issued by BNS and authenticated by the trustee pursuant to the indenture and delivered, paid for and sold as contemplated herein, the notes will be valid and binding obligations of BNS, enforceable against BNS in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, reorganization, moratorium, receivership or other laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights generally, and to general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforcement is sought in a proceeding at law or in equity).  This opinion is given as of the date hereof and is limited to the laws of the State of New York. Insofar as this opinion involves matters governed by Canadian law, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP has assumed, without independent inquiry or investigation, the validity of the matters opined on by Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP, Canadian legal counsel for BNS, in its opinion expressed below.  In addition, this opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the trustee’s authorization, execution and delivery of the indenture and, with respect to the notes, authentication of the notes and the genuineness of signatures and certain factual matters, all as stated in the opinion of Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP dated October 9, 2024 filed with the SEC as Exhibit 5.3 to the Registration Statement on Form F-3 on October 9, 2024.

In the opinion of Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP, the issue and sale of the notes has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of BNS in conformity with the Indenture, and when the notes have been duly executed, authenticated and issued in accordance with the Indenture, and delivered against payment therefor, the notes will be validly issued and, to the extent validity of the notes is a matter governed by the laws of the Province of Ontario or the federal laws of Canada applicable therein, will be valid obligations of BNS, subject to the following limitations (i) the enforceability of the Indenture may be limited by the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation Act (Canada), the Winding-up and Restructuring Act (Canada) and bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, preference, moratorium, arrangement or winding-up laws or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally; (ii) the enforceability of the Indenture may be limited by equitable principles, including the principle that equitable remedies such as specific performance and injunction may only be granted in the discretion of a court of competent jurisdiction; (iii) pursuant to the Currency Act (Canada) a judgment by a Canadian court must be awarded in Canadian currency and that such judgment may be based on a rate of exchange in existence on a day other than the day of payment; and (iv) the enforceability of the Indenture will be subject to the limitations contained in the Limitations Act, 2002 (Ontario), and such counsel expresses no opinion as to whether a court may find any provision of the Indenture to be unenforceable as an attempt to vary or exclude a limitation period under that Act. This opinion is given as of the date hereof and is limited to the laws of the Province of Ontario and the federal laws of Canada applicable therein. In addition, this opinion is subject to customary assumptions about the Trustees’ authorization, execution and delivery of the Indenture and the genuineness of signatures and certain factual matters, all as stated in the letter of such counsel dated October 9, 2024, which has been filed as Exhibit 5.2 to BNS’ Form F-3 filed with the SEC on October 9, 2024.

Where You Can Find More Information

We have filed a registration statement (including a product supplement, a prospectus supplement and a prospectus) with the SEC for the offering to which this term sheet relates. You should read the Note Prospectus, including this term sheet, and the other documents that we have filed with the SEC, for more complete information about us and this offering. You may get these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC website at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, we, any agent, or any dealer participating in this offering will arrange to send you these documents if you so request by calling MLPF&S or BofAS toll-free at 1-800-294-1322.

“Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities®” are registered service marks of Bank of America Corporation, the parent company of MLPF&S and BofAS.

Autocallable Strategic Accelerated Redemption Securities® TS-17

FAQ

How many GRF shares did CEO Luke Sims buy on 26-Jun-2025?

He purchased 4,500 common shares at an average price of $9.7313.

What is Luke Sims' total beneficial ownership in GRF after the trade?

After the purchase, Sims holds 290,885 shares directly and 11,389 shares indirectly.

Was the GRF insider transaction executed under a Rule 10b5-1 plan?

No. The filing does not indicate the trade was made under a 10b5-1 plan.

Did the Form 4 report any derivative securities for GRF?

No derivative securities were acquired or disposed of in this filing.

What is the significance of an insider purchase for GRF investors?

Insider buying, especially by the CEO, is often viewed as a bullish indicator suggesting confidence in the company’s outlook.