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ECD Automotive Design (NASDAQ: ECDA) holders cashed out as parent takes full control

Filing Impact
(Very High)
Filing Sentiment
(Neutral)
Form Type
8-K

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

ECD Automotive Design approved a major restructuring that shifts full ownership to its controlling investor and cashes out remaining public shareholders. The company first exchanged 3,663 shares of Series C preferred stock for 207,008,547 new common shares at $0.0176 per share, a 55% premium to the March 11, 2026 closing price, giving Classic beneficial ownership of 91% of outstanding common stock.

Classic was then merged into ECD, and each remaining common share was converted into the right to receive $0.0176 in cash, subject to appraisal rights, giving Defender SPV LLC 100% ownership. ECD also reported additional senior secured convertible notes purchases that could convert, at a $0.0034 floor price, into 167,053,824 common shares, and named Victoria Hay as Chief Executive Officer while Scott Wallace became Chief Operating Officer with revised compensation terms. The company entered related-party vehicle build agreements with an entity controlled by Ms. Hay’s spouse.

Positive

  • None.

Negative

  • Public shareholders fully cashed out at $0.0176 per share, ending their participation as ECD becomes wholly owned by Defender SPV LLC, following substantial dilution from issuing 207,008,547 new common shares to the control holder.

Insights

ECD’s control shifted to its note investor, with remaining shareholders cashed out at a low absolute price.

The exchange of Series C preferred into 207,008,547 common shares at $0.0176 created a new control holder with 91% ownership, followed immediately by a short-form merger. This structure allowed Defender SPV LLC, via Classic, to reach 100% ownership without a stockholder vote.

Public shareholders receive $0.0176 per share in cash, matching the exchange price and described as a 55% premium to the March 11, 2026 closing price. The filing also notes Nasdaq trading was already suspended and the holder count was below 300, supporting deregistration and an effectively private structure. Remaining investors mainly face appraisal-rights decisions rather than ongoing market exposure.

Convertible debt and equity exchanges leave ECD highly dependent on its financing partner.

The June 2025 senior secured convertible note facility totals up to $21,972,275.38 in principal. Recent additional notes of $320,795, $109,861 and $137,327 (purchased for lower cash amounts) mature on December 12, 2026 unless earlier converted or redeemed. As of this report, loans outstanding to the holder total $9,820,478.

At a floor conversion price of $0.0034 per share, the additional notes alone could become 167,053,824 common shares, constrained by a 9.99% beneficial ownership cap. This, combined with the equity exchange, concentrates both ownership and credit exposure with the same investor, making company outcomes tightly linked to that counterparty’s decisions and support.

Leadership reshuffle and related-party contracts increase governance complexity at a controlled company.

Victoria Hay becomes Chief Executive Officer while retaining the Chief Financial Officer role, and Scott Wallace moves from CEO to Chief Operating Officer with salary reset to $260,000 and reduced potential severance after August 3, 2026. These changes centralize both strategic and financial authority in one executive.

The vehicle build and profit-sharing agreements with Flexible Classic Funding Inc., controlled by Ms. Hay’s spouse, introduce related-party revenue-sharing. FCF funds vehicles and parts; sale proceeds first reimburse FCF and labor, then are split 50/50. One build has closed with no payment from the company to FCF so far, but ongoing oversight will matter in a non-public, controlled setting.

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 8-K
 
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
February 3, 2026
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported)
 
ECD AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
 
Delaware
 
001-41497
 
86-2559175
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
 
(Commission File Number)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
4390 Industrial Lane
KissimmeeFlorida
 
34758
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
(Zip Code)
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (407483-4825
 
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)
 
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
 
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act
 
 
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act
 
 
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act
 
 
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Title of each class
 
Trading Symbol(s)
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock
 
ECDA
 
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Warrants
 
ECDAW
 
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR §230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR §240.12b-2).
 
Emerging growth company 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 
 


 

 
Item 1.01. Entry Into a Material Definitive Agreement.
 
Exchange
 
On March 11, 2026, ECD Automotive Design, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into a Contribution, Amendment, Exchange Agreement and Plan of Reorganization (the “Exchange Agreement”), with the Defender SPV LLC (the “Holder” or “Parent”), the holder of the Company’s Series C convertible preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”). Pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, the Holder transferred 18,856 shares of Series C Preferred Stock to ATW Classic Equity LLC (“Classic”) and Classic surrendered 3,663 such shares of Series C Preferred Stock to the Company in exchange (the “Exchange”) for 207,008,547 newly issued shares (the “Exchange Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Common Stock”). The Exchange was completed at an effective price of $0.0176 per share, representing a 55% premium to the closing market price on March 11, 2026.
 
The Exchange Agreement contains representations, warranties and covenants customary for an agreement of its type. The Exchange Agreement also made certain conforming amendments to the Transaction Documents (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 13, 2025, between the Holder and the Company).
 
As a result of the Exchange, Classic acquired control of the Company, by virtue of its beneficial ownership of 91% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock. Prior to the Exchange, the Company’s directors and executive officers beneficially owned less than 1% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock and no other person beneficially owned 10% or more of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock or otherwise possessed control over the Company. Classic does not have any arrangements or understandings with a former control group with respect to the election of directors or other matters. On March 1, 2026, the Secretary of State of Delaware deactivated the Company on the records of the State of Delaware. Prior to the time of execution of the Exchange Agreement, on March 11, 2026, the Company was reactivated and, as of the time of execution of the Exchange Agreement, is in good standing with the State of Delaware.  
 
The foregoing description of the Exchange Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of such document, a form of which is attached as Exhibit 10.1 hereto and is incorporated by reference herein. The document has been incorporated by reference to provide investors and security holders with information regarding its terms. The document is not intended to provide any other factual information about the Company. The representations, warranties and covenants contained in the document were made only for purposes of such document and as of specific dates, were solely for the benefit of the parties to such document, may in some cases be made solely for the allocation of risk between the parties and may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties.
 
The Exchange was exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), pursuant to Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, because it involved an exchange with the Company’s existing security holders exclusively where no commission or other remuneration was paid or given directly or indirectly for soliciting such exchange.
 
Short-Form Merger
On March 12, 2026, Classic was merged with and into the Company (the “Merger”), and the Company, as the surviving corporation in the Merger, became a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent. The Merger was completed pursuant to Section 267 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, and Section 18-209 of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, and accordingly did not require the approval of the Company’s board of directors or stockholders.  Pursuant to the terms of the Merger, at the effective time thereof, each issued and outstanding share of Common Stock, other than treasury shares and shares held by Classic, Parent or any direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Classic, Parent or the Company, was converted into the right to receive $0.0176 in cash (representing a 55% premium to the closing market price on March 11, 2026), without interest and less any applicable withholding taxes (the “Merger Consideration”), subject to right of the holders to exercise appraisal rights.
As a result of the Merger, Parent acquired beneficial ownership of 100% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock.
The stockholders of the Company, other than Classic, are entitled to appraisal rights in connection with the Merger. The Company, as the surviving entity of the Merger, will mail to the stockholders of the Company a notice of appraisal rights which will describe the process for stockholders to exercise such rights.
As previously disclosed, on January 15, 2026, the Company received a delisting determination from The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) and, on January 16, 2025, the trading of the Company’s securities on Nasdaq was suspended.  The period for appeal of the determination has expired. In addition, prior to the Exchange and the Merger, the Company’s equity securities were held by less than 300 holders of record (as determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC). 
 
Change in Chief Executive Officer
 
On February 3, 2026, Victoria Hay was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Effective on the same day, Scott Wallace resigned as Chief Executive Officer of the Company and was appointed as the Chief Operating Officer of the Company.
 
Ms. Hay also serves as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer.  Biographical information about Mrs. Hay is set forth in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 18, 2025, and such information is incorporated herein by reference.  Biographical information about Mr. Wallace is set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 15, 2025, and such information is incorporated herein by reference. There are no family relationships between Ms. Hay or Mr. Wallace and the other directors and officers of the Company.
 
In connection with the change in executive officers, Mr. Wallace’s salary was reduced to $260,000 per year and commencing on August 3, 2026, the period during which Mr. Wallace may be entitled to severance in the event of termination of his employment was reduced from six months to two months.
 
Except for the Vehicle Build Agreements described below, neither Ms. Hay nor Mr. Wallace is party to a transaction required to be disclosed under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K.
 
Debt Financing
 
As previously disclosed, on June 5, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “June 2025 SPA”) with the Holder for a series of senior secured convertible notes (“Notes”) in an aggregate principal amount of up to $21,972,275.38.
 
On February 12, 2026, February 26, 2026 and March 10, 2026, the Holder exercised its right to purchase additional Notes in the original principal amount of $320,795, $109,861 and $137,327 for a purchase price of $292,000, $100,000 and $125,000 respectively.  Unless converted or redeemed, the additional Notes will mature on December 12, 2026, subject to the Holder’s right to extend such date in certain circumstance. The additional Notes include a beneficial ownership limitation, which provides that the Notes may not be exercised to the extent that the Holder would own more 9.99% of the outstanding Common Stock immediately after giving effect to such conversion. If the additional Notes were to be converted at the floor price of $0.0034 per share, without giving effect to the beneficial ownership limitation, the aggregate principal amount of the additional Notes would be convertible into 167,053,824 shares of Common Stock. The terms and conditions of the additional Notes are described more fully in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 11, 2025, and such description is incorporated herein by reference.
 
As of the date of this report, the Holder has made loans to the Company with an aggregate outstanding principal amount of $9,820,478 and after the Exchange, holds 15,223shares of Series C Preferred Stock.
 
The offer and sale of the additional Notes, and of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the additional Notes, are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder because, among other things, the transaction did not involve a public offering, the investors are accredited investors, the investors are taking the securities for investment and not resale, and the Company took appropriate measures to restrict the transfer of the securities.
 
Vehicle Build Agreement
 
On each of January 26, 2026 and March 4, 2026, the Company entered into a Custom Vehicle Build and Profit Sharing Agreement (together, the “Vehicle Build Agreements”) with Flexible Classic Funding Inc. (“FCF”), an entity controlled by Ms. Hay’s spouse. Pursuant to the agreements, FCF agreed to pay for, and through the time of sale would retain ownership of, the base vehicle and all parts purchased for three custom vehicle builds as mutually agreed between the parties. The Company would provide the services for each custom vehicle build. Upon sale of a completed vehicle, the proceeds would be paid to FCF to reimburse it for the base vehicle and parts costs, then to the Company for labor costs in an amount agreed in writing prior to each build, and then 50% to FCF and 50% to the Company. As of the date of this report, the Company has completed one of the custom vehicle builds, as a result of which the Company paid $0 to FCF. 
 
Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant.
 
The information set forth under Item 1.01 is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 3.02. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities.
 
The information set forth under Item 1.01 is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 3.03. Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.
 
The information set forth under Item 1.01 is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 5.01. Changes in Control of Registrant.
 
The information set forth under Item 1.01 is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 5.02. Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.
 
The information set forth under Item 1.01 is incorporated herein by reference.
 
 
 

 
Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.
 
(c) Exhibits.
 
The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Report.
 
No.
 
Description of Exhibit
4.1
 
Senior Secured Convertible Note (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 11, 2025).
10.1
 
Form of Contribution, Amendment, Exchange Agreement and Plan of Reorganization.
10.2
 
Form of Vehicle Build and Profit Sharing Agreement.
104*
 
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL)
 
*
Filed herewith.
 

 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
 
Dated: March 12, 2026
 
 
 
 
 
 
ECD AUTOMOTIVE DESIGN, INC.
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Victoria Hay
 
Name:
Victoria Hay
 
Title:
Chief Executive Officer
 

FAQ

What major transaction did ECD Automotive Design (ECDA) announce in this 8-K?

ECD Automotive Design completed an exchange of 3,663 Series C preferred shares for 207,008,547 new common shares at $0.0176 per share. This gave Classic about 91% ownership and set up a subsequent short-form merger that delivered cash consideration to all remaining common shareholders.

How much will ECDA common shareholders receive in the merger?

Each ECDA common share, other than those held by the control group, is converted into the right to receive $0.0176 in cash. This price equals a stated 55% premium to the March 11, 2026 closing market price and is subject to appraisal rights for dissenting holders.

Who controls ECD Automotive Design (ECDA) after these transactions?

After the exchange and short-form merger, Defender SPV LLC, through the parent structure, beneficially owns 100% of ECD’s common stock. Classic first acquired about 91% of outstanding shares, then was merged into ECD, leaving the company as a wholly owned subsidiary of the parent entity.

What new debt financing did ECDA report in this filing?

The company disclosed additional senior secured convertible notes under a June 2025 securities purchase agreement, with original principal of $320,795, $109,861, and $137,327. These notes mature on December 12, 2026 and, at a $0.0034 floor price, could convert into 167,053,824 common shares.

What executive leadership changes occurred at ECD Automotive Design (ECDA)?

Effective February 3, 2026, Victoria Hay was appointed Chief Executive Officer while continuing as Chief Financial Officer. Scott Wallace resigned as CEO and became Chief Operating Officer, with salary set at $260,000 and potential severance period reduced from six to two months after August 3, 2026.

What are the related-party Vehicle Build Agreements mentioned for ECDA?

ECD entered two Custom Vehicle Build and Profit Sharing Agreements with Flexible Classic Funding Inc., controlled by Ms. Hay’s spouse. FCF funds base vehicles and parts; sale proceeds reimburse FCF and company labor, then split 50% to FCF and 50% to ECD. One build is completed with no payment yet from ECD to FCF.

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