Q1 2026: Prudential (NYSE: PFH) earns $597M as Japan sales pause
Filing Impact
Filing Sentiment
Form Type
10-Q
Prudential Financial, Inc. reported net income attributable to the company of $597 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, versus $707 million a year earlier, or $1.68 diluted earnings per share. Total revenues rose to $15.5 billion from $13.5 billion, driven mainly by higher premiums and net investment income. Total assets were $765.4 billion, with equity of $32.3 billion. Operating cash flow improved to $1.0 billion from a $2.5 billion outflow in the prior-year period. As of April 30, 2026, 347 million common shares were outstanding.
The company reorganized its segments, creating a new U.S. Legacy Products run-off segment and a combined Retirement segment. A Japanese subsidiary, Prudential of Japan, is strengthening oversight and voluntarily suspended new sales beginning February 9, 2026, later extending the suspension through November 5, 2026.
Positive
- None.
Negative
- Prolonged Japan sales suspension: Prudential of Japan voluntarily halted new sales starting February 9, 2026 and extended the suspension by 180 days through November 5, 2026, following identified employee misconduct. This extended pause in new business is a material headwind for the company’s international segment performance.
Insights
Revenue grew and cash flow improved, but earnings fell and Japan faces a prolonged sales suspension.
Prudential Financial generated $15.5 billion of revenue in the quarter, up from $13.5 billion, helped by higher premiums and investment income. Net income attributable to the company declined to $597 million from $707 million, reflecting higher benefits, expenses and weaker realized investment results.
Comprehensive income dropped sharply to $224 million from $2.68 billion as rising rates and spread movements drove sizable unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities. Equity slipped to $32.3 billion, while the fixed‑income portfolio showed large, but primarily rate-driven, unrealized losses that management does not currently view as credit impairments.
Strategically, the new U.S. Legacy Products run‑off segment isolates discontinued annuity and life blocks, while Retirement combines remaining U.S. retirement-related products. A key risk is Prudential of Japan’s voluntary suspension of new sales, now extended through November 5, 2026, which may weigh on international growth and near‑term earnings until sales restart and remediation progresses.
Key Figures
Total revenue: $15,526 million
Net income attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.: $597 million
Diluted EPS: $1.68 per share
+5 more
8 metrics
Total revenue
$15,526 million
Three months ended March 31, 2026
Net income attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.
$597 million
Three months ended March 31, 2026
Diluted EPS
$1.68 per share
Three months ended March 31, 2026
Cash flows from operating activities
$1,008 million
Three months ended March 31, 2026
Total assets
$765,396 million
As of March 31, 2026
Total equity
$32,319 million
As of March 31, 2026
Common shares outstanding
347 million shares
As of April 30, 2026
Net unrealized losses on AFS fixed maturities without allowance
$32,142 million
Accumulated other comprehensive income at March 31, 2026
Key Terms
U.S. Legacy Products, market risk benefits, variable interest entities, available-for-sale, +1 more
5 terms
U.S. Legacy Products financial
"have been combined into a new reportable segment named “U.S. Legacy Products.”"
market risk benefits financial
"Market risk benefit assets | 2,166 | 2,330"
Market risk benefits are the extra returns or advantages investors expect or receive for taking on broad, system‑wide swings in the overall market — essentially the premium for bearing risk that cannot be eliminated by diversification. This matters because it helps investors weigh whether the potential higher gains justify larger price swings, guides how portfolios are balanced, and sets expectations for compensation when choosing riskier market exposures; think of it as the extra pay you demand for riding a roller‑coaster instead of a calm bus ride.
variable interest entities financial
"and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary."
A variable interest entity (VIE) is a business that a company controls through contracts or special arrangements instead of owning a majority of its shares, like steering a puppet without holding its ticket. Investors care because these arrangements can hide who really bears the financial risks and rewards, affect how assets and liabilities appear on financial statements, and create extra legal or enforcement uncertainty that can change the value and risk of an investment.
available-for-sale financial
"Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value"
A classification for bonds, stocks or other investments that a company plans to keep but might sell before they reach full term. Think of it like items a shop keeps on a shelf for potential sale: their market value can go up or down while the company holds them, and those unrealized gains or losses are shown separately from operating profit until they are sold. Investors watch this because large swings can change a company’s reported net worth and signal how much flexibility it has to raise cash quickly.
cash flow hedges financial
"For additional information regarding cash flow and fair value hedges, see Note 5."
A cash flow hedge is an accounting label companies use when they enter financial contracts—like currency or interest-rate agreements—to protect expected future cash payments or receipts from unpredictable moves. For investors, it signals that the company is trying to smooth out future cash variability (think of locking in a price to avoid surprises), which can reduce reported profit swings but also means the company has exposure to derivative instruments and their associated risks.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026
OR
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the Transition Period from to
Commission File Number 001-16707
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | ||||
(973 ) 802-6000
(Address and Telephone Number of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
| Title of Each Class | Trading Symbols(s) | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of the Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| x | Accelerated Filer | ☐ | |||||||||||||||
| Non-accelerated Filer | ☐ | Smaller Reporting Company | |||||||||||||||
| Emerging Growth Company | |||||||||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x
As of April 30, 2026, 347 million shares of the registrant’s Common Stock (par value $0.01) were outstanding.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | ||||||||
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Item 1. | Financial Statements: | |||||||
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 | 1 | |||||||
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 | 2 | |||||||
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 | 3 | |||||||
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 | 4 | |||||||
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 | 5 | |||||||
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements | 7 | |||||||
1. Business and Basis of Presentation | 7 | |||||||
2. Significant Accounting Policies and Pronouncements | 8 | |||||||
3. Investments | 9 | |||||||
4. Variable Interest Entities | 23 | |||||||
5. Derivatives and Hedging | 24 | |||||||
6. Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities | 32 | |||||||
7. Deferred Policy Acquisition, Deferred Reinsurance, Deferred Sales Inducements and Value of Business Acquired | 46 | |||||||
8. Separate Accounts | 49 | |||||||
9. Liability for Future Policy Benefits | 52 | |||||||
10. Policyholders’ Account Balances | 60 | |||||||
11. Market Risk Benefits | 65 | |||||||
12. Reinsurance | 68 | |||||||
13. Closed Block | 73 | |||||||
14. Income Taxes | 74 | |||||||
15. Short-Term and Long-Term Debt | 76 | |||||||
16. Employee Benefit Plans | 78 | |||||||
17. Equity | 78 | |||||||
18. Earnings Per Share | 82 | |||||||
19. Segment Information | 83 | |||||||
20. Related Party Transactions | 88 | |||||||
21. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities | 89 | |||||||
| Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 94 | ||||||
| Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 153 | ||||||
| Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 153 | ||||||
PART II OTHER INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 154 | ||||||
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 154 | ||||||
| Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 154 | ||||||
| Item 5. | Other Information | 154 | ||||||
| Item 6. | Exhibits | 155 | ||||||
GLOSSARY | 156 | |||||||
SIGNATURES | 159 | |||||||
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Forward-Looking Statements
Certain of the statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “expects,” “believes,” “anticipates,” “includes,” “plans,” “assumes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “intends,” “should,” “will,” “shall” or variations of such words are generally part of forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are made based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects upon Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries will be those anticipated by management. These forward-looking statements are not a guarantee of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and there are certain important factors that could cause actual results to differ, possibly materially, from expectations or estimates reflected in such forward-looking statements, including, among others: (1) losses on investments or financial contracts due to deterioration in credit quality or value, or counterparty default; (2) losses on insurance products due to mortality experience, morbidity experience or policyholder behavior experience that differs significantly from our expectations when we price our products; (3) changes in interest rates, equity prices and foreign currency exchange rates that may (a) adversely impact the profitability of our products, the value of separate accounts supporting these products or the value of assets we manage, (b) result in losses on derivatives we use to hedge risk or increase collateral posting requirements and (c) limit opportunities to invest at appropriate returns; (4) guarantees within certain of our products which are market sensitive and may decrease our earnings or increase the volatility of our results of operations or financial position; (5) liquidity needs resulting from (a) derivative collateral market exposure, (b) asset/liability mismatches, (c) the lack of available funding in the financial markets or (d) unexpected cash demands due to severe mortality calamity or lapse events; (6) financial or customer losses, or regulatory and legal actions, due to inadequate or failed processes or systems, external events, and human error or misconduct such as (a) disruption of our systems and data, (b) an information security breach, (c) a failure to protect the privacy of sensitive data, (d) reliance on third parties or (e) labor and employment matters; (7) changes in the regulatory landscape, including related to (a) financial sector regulatory reform, (b) changes in tax laws, (c) fiduciary rules and other standards of care, (d) U.S. state insurance laws and developments regarding group-wide supervision, capital and reserves, (e) insurer capital standards outside the U.S. and (f) privacy and cybersecurity regulation; (8) technological changes which may adversely impact companies in our investment portfolio or cause insurance experience to deviate from our assumptions; (9) an inability to protect our intellectual property rights or claims of infringement of the intellectual property rights of others; (10) ratings downgrades; (11) market conditions that may adversely affect the sales or persistency of our products; (12) competition; (13) reputational damage; (14) the costs, effects, timing, or success of our plans to execute our strategy; (15) the economic conditions, and impacts on the Company thereof, caused by the imposition of tariffs and retaliatory actions; and (16) uncertainty regarding the estimated financial impacts, outcome and consequences of the investigation into and remediation of employee misconduct in Japan, including the duration of the suspension of sales (see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis—Results of Operations by Segment—International Businesses” for more information). Prudential Financial, Inc. does not undertake to update any particular forward-looking statement included in this document. See “Risk Factors” included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 for discussion of certain risks relating to our businesses and investment in our securities.
i
Table of Contents
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Financial Statements
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position
March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 (in millions, except share amounts)
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (allowance for credit losses: 2026-$ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value (amortized cost: 2026-$ | ||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value | ||||||||||||||
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: 2026-$ | ||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans (net of $ | ||||||||||||||
| Policy loans | ||||||||||||||
Other invested assets (net of $ | ||||||||||||||
Short-term investments (net of allowance for credit losses: 2026-$ | ||||||||||||||
| Total investments | ||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents(1) | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued investment income(1) | ||||||||||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs | ||||||||||||||
Value of business acquired | ||||||||||||||
Market risk benefit assets | ||||||||||||||
Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables (net of $ | ||||||||||||||
| Income tax assets | ||||||||||||||
Other assets (net of $ | ||||||||||||||
| Separate account assets | ||||||||||||||
| TOTAL ASSETS | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY AND EQUITY | ||||||||||||||
| LIABILITIES | ||||||||||||||
Future policy benefits | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Policyholders’ account balances | ||||||||||||||
Market risk benefit liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ dividends | ||||||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | ||||||||||||||
| Cash collateral for loaned securities | ||||||||||||||
Reinsurance and funds withheld payables (includes $ | ||||||||||||||
Income tax liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | ||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | ||||||||||||||
Other liabilities (includes $ | ||||||||||||||
Notes issued by consolidated variable interest entities (includes $ | ||||||||||||||
| Separate account liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||||||||
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES (See Note 21) | ||||||||||||||
| MEZZANINE EQUITY | ||||||||||||||
Redeemable noncontrolling interests | ||||||||||||||
| Total mezzanine equity | ||||||||||||||
| EQUITY | ||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock ($ | ||||||||||||||
Common Stock ($ | ||||||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||||||||
Common Stock held in treasury, at cost ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(2) | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
Retained earnings | ||||||||||||||
| Total Prudential Financial, Inc. equity | ||||||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | ||||||||||||||
| Total equity | ||||||||||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY AND EQUITY | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
__________
(1)See Note 4 for details of balances associated with variable interest entities.
(2)See Note 20 for additional information regarding related party transactions.
See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
1
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions, except per share amounts)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| REVENUES | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums (includes $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Policy charges and fee income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset management and service fees(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss)(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| BENEFITS AND EXPENSES | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ benefits(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits(1) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends to policyholders | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total benefits and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF JOINT VENTURES AND OTHER OPERATING ENTITIES | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total income tax expense (benefit) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF JOINT VENTURES AND OTHER OPERATING ENTITIES | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities, net of taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NET INCOME (LOSS) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC. | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| EARNINGS PER SHARE | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per share-Common Stock: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per share-Common Stock: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)See Note 20 for additional information regarding related party transactions.
See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
2
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| NET INCOME (LOSS) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments for the period | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate remeasurement of future policy benefits(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) from changes in non-performance risk on market risk benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Defined benefit pension and postretirement unrecognized periodic benefit (cost) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Income tax expense (benefit) related to other comprehensive income (loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)See Note 20 for additional information regarding related party transactions.
See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
3
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025(in millions)
| Prudential Financial, Inc. Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Common Stock Held In Treasury | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Total Prudential Financial, Inc. Equity | Non-controlling Interests | Total Equity | Redeemable Non-controlling Interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock acquired | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contributions from noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidations (deconsolidations) of noncontrolling interests | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation programs | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared on Common Stock | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income (loss) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2026 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prudential Financial, Inc. Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Retained Earnings | Common Stock Held In Treasury | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Total Prudential Financial, Inc. Equity | Non-controlling Interests | Total Equity | Redeemable Non-controlling Interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock acquired | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Contributions from noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidations (deconsolidations) of noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation programs | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared on Common Stock | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income (loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
4
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
Realized investment (gains) losses, net(1) | |||||||||||
Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging (gains) losses | |||||||||||
Policy charges and fee income | ( | ( | |||||||||
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | |||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | ( | ||||||||||
| (Gains) losses on assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, net | |||||||||||
| Change in: | |||||||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||
Future policy benefits and other insurance liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
Reinsurance related-balances(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||
Income taxes | |||||||||||
Derivatives, net | ( | ||||||||||
Other, net(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash flows from (used in) operating activities | ( | ||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from the sale/maturity/prepayment of: | |||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | |||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | |||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities | |||||||||||
| Equity securities | |||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | |||||||||||
| Policy loans | |||||||||||
| Other invested assets | |||||||||||
| Short-term investments | |||||||||||
| Payments for the purchase/origination of: | |||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Equity securities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Policy loans | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other invested assets | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Short-term investments | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Derivatives, net | ( | ||||||||||
Other, net | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from (used in) investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account deposits | |||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account withdrawals | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net change in securities sold under agreements to repurchase and cash collateral for loaned securities | |||||||||||
| Cash dividends paid on Common Stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net change in financing arrangements (maturities 90 days or less) | |||||||||||
| Common Stock acquired | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Common Stock reissued for exercise of stock options | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from the issuance of debt (maturities longer than 90 days) | |||||||||||
| Repayments of debt (maturities longer than 90 days) | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Proceeds from notes issued by consolidated VIEs | |||||||||||
Other, net(1) | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from (used in) financing activities | |||||||||||
| Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash balances | ( | ||||||||||
| NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, RESTRICTED CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH EQUIVALENTS | ( | ( | |||||||||
| CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, RESTRICTED CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR | |||||||||||
| CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, RESTRICTED CASH AND RESTRICTED CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD | $ | $ | |||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 (in millions)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS DURING THE PERIOD | |||||||||||
| Treasury Stock shares issued for stock-based compensation programs | $ | $ | |||||||||
Novation of investment contracts(2) | $ | $ | |||||||||
Prismic Re International reinsurance transaction(3): | |||||||||||
Net assets transferred, excluding Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
Deposit assets established for Policyholders’ account balances ceded | ( | ||||||||||
Unwind of Deferred policy acquisition costs ceded | |||||||||||
Net cash received (paid) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| RECONCILIATION TO THE UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents (included in “Other assets”) | |||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)See Note 20 for additional information regarding related party transactions.
(2)“Cash flows from (used in) operating activities” exclude certain non-cash activities related to the novation of certain investment contracts from the Company to Empower Annuity Insurance Company of America and Empower Life & Annuity Insurance Company of New York (collectively, “Empower”). See note 12 for additional information regarding the reinsurance agreement with Empower.
(3)See Note 12 for additional information regarding the reinsurance agreement with Prismic Life Reinsurance International, Ltd. (“Prismic Re International”).
See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements
1. BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Prudential Financial, Inc. (“Prudential Financial”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Prudential” or the “Company”) provide a wide range of insurance, investment management, and other financial products and services to both individual and institutional customers throughout the United States and in many other countries. Principal products and services provided include life insurance, annuities, retirement-related services, mutual funds and investment management.
Effective January 1, 2026, the Company made the following segment reporting changes to isolate the impacts of certain discontinued products that were previously commingled with the results of actively sold products that more closely reflect the Company’s strategic focus. These changes are consistent with the Company’s recent organizational changes and strategy and reflect how the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) assesses performance and allocates resources:
•“U.S. Legacy Products” segment: (i) traditional variable annuities with guaranteed living benefit riders and certain other annuity products, previously included in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment, and (ii) guaranteed universal life policies, previously included in the Individual Life segment, have been combined into a new reportable segment named “U.S. Legacy Products.” This segment represents run-off blocks of business consisting of products that are no longer being sold in U.S. markets and will be managed with a focus on reducing risk and optimizing value.
•“Retirement” segment: The blocks of business in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment that were not moved into the U.S. Legacy Products segment, discussed above, consisting primarily of registered index-linked annuity and fixed annuity products, and the products previously included in the former Institutional Retirement Strategies segment have been combined into a new reportable segment named “Retirement.” This combined segment better represents the Company’s strategic management, growth trajectory, and resource allocation policies.
•“Individual Life” segment: There were no other impacts to this segment other than the transfer of the guaranteed universal life policies, discussed above. The remaining blocks of business contained within this segment primarily consist of term, indexed universal life, and variable universal life products.
These segment reporting changes are being applied retrospectively and do not have an impact on any of the Company’s previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 19 for additional information regarding the Company’s segments.
The Company’s principal operations now consist of PGIM (the Company’s global investment management business), the U.S. Businesses (consisting of Retirement, Group Insurance, Individual Life and U.S. Legacy Products), the International Businesses, the Closed Block division, and the Company’s Corporate and Other operations. The Closed Block division is accounted for as a divested business that is reported separately from the Divested and Run-off Businesses that are included within Corporate and Other operations. Divested and Run-off Businesses consist of businesses that have been, or will be, sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind-down status that do not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. The Company’s Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments, as well as the Divested and Run-off Businesses described above.
As previously disclosed, in January 2026, The Prudential Life Insurance Company, Ltd. (“Prudential of Japan”), a Japanese insurance subsidiary of the Company, reported the findings of its internal investigation into incidents of misconduct involving certain employees of Prudential of Japan. In response to these findings, Prudential of Japan is implementing a series of actions which include strengthening oversight of sales practices, governance and risk management, as well as leadership changes. Moreover, in February 2026, following discussions with the Japanese regulator, the Company voluntarily suspended new sales activity at Prudential of Japan for a 90 -day period commencing February 9, 2026. In April 2026, the Company announced the voluntary extension of the suspension of new sales for an additional 180 days through November 5, 2026. See “—Litigation and Regulatory Matters—Regulatory” within Note 21 for additional information.
Basis of Presentation
The Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) on a basis consistent with reporting interim financial information in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Prudential Financial,
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
entities over which the Company exercises control, including majority-owned subsidiaries and minority-owned entities such as limited partnerships in which the Company is the general partner, and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Company is considered the primary beneficiary. See Note 4 for additional information regarding the Company’s consolidated variable interest entities. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the financial position and results of operations have been made. All such adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The most significant estimates include those used in determining future policy benefits; policyholders’ account balances related to the fair value of embedded derivative instruments associated with the index-linked features of certain universal life and annuity products; market risk benefits (“MRBs”); the measurement of goodwill and any related impairment; the valuation of investments including derivatives, the measurement of allowance for credit losses, and the recognition of other-than-temporary impairments (“OTTI”); pension and other postretirement benefits; any provision for income taxes and valuation of deferred tax assets; and accruals for contingent liabilities, including estimates for losses in connection with unresolved legal and regulatory matters.
Out of Period Adjustments
The Company recorded out of period adjustments resulting in a net charge of $150 million to “Income (loss) from operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities” for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The adjustments included an overstatement of “Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables” and an understatement of “Deferred policy acquisition costs.” The impact of these adjustments, individually and in the aggregate, was not material to any previously reported quarterly or annual financial statements.
2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PRONOUNCEMENTS
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates (“ASUs”) to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs listed below include those that have been adopted during the current fiscal year and/or those that have been issued but not yet adopted as of March 31, 2026, and as of the date of this filing. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or not material.
ASUs issued but not yet adopted as of March 31, 2026
Standard | Description | Effective date and method of adoption | Effect on the financial statements or other significant matters | |||||||||||||||||
ASU 2024-03—Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (DISE) | This ASU requires public companies to disclose, in interim and annual reporting periods, additional information about certain expenses in the notes to financial statements. | Effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted and applied either prospectively or retrospectively. | The Company is currently assessing the impact of the ASU on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. | |||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
3. INVESTMENTS
Fixed Maturity Securities
The following tables set forth the composition of fixed maturities, available-for-sale, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. public corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. private corporate securities(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign public corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign private corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Excludes notes with amortized cost of $15,844 million (fair value, $15,844 million), which have been offset with the associated debt under a netting agreement.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, home equity loans, auto loans, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. public corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. private corporate securities(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign public corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign private corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Excludes notes with amortized cost of $15,744 million (fair value, $15,744 million), which have been offset with the associated debt under a netting agreement.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, home equity loans, auto loans, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The following tables set forth the fair value and gross unrealized losses on fixed maturities, available-for-sale without an allowance for credit losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities had been in a continuous unrealized loss position, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less Than Twelve Months | Twelve Months or More | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. public corporate securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. private corporate securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign public corporate securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign private corporate securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less Than Twelve Months | Twelve Months or More | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Gross Unrealized Losses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. public corporate securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. private corporate securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign public corporate securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign private corporate securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the gross unrealized losses on fixed maturities, available-for-sale securities without an allowance of $35,694 million and $32,392 million, respectively, related to “1” highest quality or “2” high quality securities based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) or equivalent rating and $1,015 million and $809 million, respectively, related to other than high or highest quality securities based on NAIC or equivalent rating. As of
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
March 31, 2026, the $34,754 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the finance, consumer non-cyclical and utility sectors within corporate securities, as well as in foreign government securities. As of December 31, 2025, the $32,225 million of gross unrealized losses of twelve months or more were concentrated in the consumer non-cyclical, finance and utility sectors within corporate securities, as well as in foreign government securities.
In accordance with its policy described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company concluded that an adjustment to earnings for credit losses related to these fixed maturity securities was not warranted at March 31, 2026. This conclusion was based on detailed analysis of the underlying credit and cash flows for each security. Gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to increases in interest rates, general credit spread widening and foreign currency exchange rate movements. As of March 31, 2026, the Company did not intend to sell these securities, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the amortized cost basis.
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities, available-for-sale by contractual maturities, as of the date indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Fair Value | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||
| Due in one year or less | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Due after one year through five years | |||||||||||
Due after five years through ten years | |||||||||||
| Due after ten years(1) | |||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities | |||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)Excludes notes with amortized cost of $15,844 million (fair value, $15,844 million), which have been offset with the associated debt under a netting agreement.
Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities are shown separately in the table above, as they do not have a single maturity date.
The following table sets forth the sources of fixed maturities, available-for-sale proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on write-downs and the allowance for credit losses, for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sales(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from maturities/prepayments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross investment gains from sales and maturities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross investment losses from sales and maturities | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Write-downs recognized in earnings(2) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Excludes activity from non-cash related proceeds due to the timing of trade settlements of $(92 ) million and $286 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
(2)Amounts represent write-downs on credit adverse securities and securities actively marketed for sale.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The following tables set forth the balance of and changes in the allowance for credit losses for fixed maturities, available-for-sale, as of and for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. States | Foreign Government Securities | U.S. and Foreign Corporate Securities | Asset-Backed Securities | Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities | Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additions to allowance for credit losses not previously recorded | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reductions for securities sold during the period | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additions (reductions) on securities with previous allowance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Write-downs charged against the allowance | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. States | Foreign Government Securities | U.S. and Foreign Corporate Securities | Asset-Backed Securities | Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities | Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additions to allowance for credit losses not previously recorded | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reductions for securities sold during the period | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additions (reductions) on securities with previous allowance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Write-downs charged against the allowance | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For additional information regarding the Company’s methodology for developing its allowance and expected losses, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the net increase in the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities was primarily related to net additions in the consumer cyclical, energy and transportation sectors within corporate securities, due to adverse projected cash flows, partially offset by write-downs of distressed securities within the consumer cyclical sector. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the net decrease in the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities was related to write-downs within the communications, capital goods and consumer non-cyclical sectors within corporate securities, primarily due to security restructures.
The Company did no
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities
The following table sets forth the composition of “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities,” as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost or Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost or Cost | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate securities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies and obligations of U.S. states | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total fixed maturities(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities(2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)As a percentage of amortized cost, 99
(2)The portfolio consisted of public securities as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income (loss),” was $(150 ) million and $(199 ) million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Fixed Maturities, Trading
The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from fixed maturities, trading still held at period end, recorded within “Other income (loss),” was $(309 ) million and $187 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Equity Securities
The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from equity securities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income (loss),” was $(328 ) million and $(229 ) million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Concentrations of Financial Instruments
The Company monitors its concentrations of financial instruments and mitigates credit risk by maintaining a diversified investment portfolio which limits exposure to any single issuer.
As of the dates indicated, the Company’s exposure to concentrations of credit risk of single issuers greater than 10% of the Company’s equity included securities of the U.S. government and certain U.S. government agencies and securities guaranteed by the U.S. government, as well as the securities disclosed below:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments in Japanese government and government agency securities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
13
Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments in Brazilian government and government agency securities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans
The following table sets forth the composition of “Commercial mortgage and other loans,” as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | % of Total | Amount | % of Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Office | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Apartments/Multi-Family | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industrial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hospitality | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Self-Storage | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Health Care Senior Living | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total commercial mortgage loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agricultural property loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans | % | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other loans: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Uncollateralized loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other collateralized loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net other loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total net commercial mortgage and other loans(1) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Includes loans which are carried at fair value under the fair value option and are collateralized primarily by apartment complexes. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the net carrying value of these loans was $1,495 million and $1,056 million, respectively.
As of March 31, 2026, the commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans were secured by properties geographically dispersed throughout the United States with the largest concentrations in California (29 %), Florida (6 %) and Texas (6 %) and included loans secured by properties in Europe (6 %), Mexico (2 %), Japan (1 %) and Australia (1 %).
As of March 31, 2026, the residential mortgage loans were secured by properties geographically dispersed throughout the United States with the largest concentrations in Florida (12 %), California (12 %) and New York (9 %).
14
Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The following tables set forth the balance of and changes in the allowance for credit losses for commercial mortgage and other loans, as of and for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial Mortgage Loans | Agricultural Property Loans | Residential Mortgage Loans | Other Collateralized Loans | Uncollateralized Loans | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Addition to (release of) allowance for expected losses | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial Mortgage Loans | Agricultural Property Loans | Residential Mortgage Loans | Other Collateralized Loans | Uncollateralized Loans | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Addition to (release of) allowance for expected losses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For additional information regarding the Company’s methodology for developing its allowance and expected losses, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the net addition to the allowance for credit losses on commercial mortgage and other loans was primarily due to increases in loan-specific reserves on commercial mortgage loans within the retail sector, agricultural property loans and an uncollateralized loan, partially offset by a decrease in the general reserve. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the net addition to the allowance for credit losses on commercial mortgage and other loans was primarily due to increases in the loan-specific reserves on commercial mortgage loans within the retail sector.
There were no
15
Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The following tables set forth key credit quality indicators based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost by Origination Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | Prior | Revolving Loans | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loan-to-Value Ratio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0%-59.99% | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 60%-69.99% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 70%-79.99% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 80% or greater | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt Service Coverage Ratio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than 1.2x | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1.0 - 1.2x | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than 1.0x | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agricultural property loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loan-to-Value Ratio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0%-59.99% | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 60%-69.99% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 70%-79.99% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 80% or greater | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt Service Coverage Ratio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than 1.2x | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1.0 - 1.2x | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than 1.0x | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
16
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost by Origination Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior | Revolving Loans | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loan-to-Value Ratio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0%-59.99% | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 60%-69.99% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 70%-79.99% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 80% or greater | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt Service Coverage Ratio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than 1.2x | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1.0 - 1.2x | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than 1.0x | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agricultural property loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loan-to-Value Ratio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0%-59.99% | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 60%-69.99% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 70%-79.99% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 80% or greater | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt Service Coverage Ratio: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than 1.2x | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1.0 - 1.2x | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than 1.0x | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans primarily include fixed-rate, amortizing mortgage loans on rental properties owned by borrowers with FICO scores typically considered prime or above. The primary credit quality indicator is whether a loan is performing or nonperforming. The Company defines nonperforming residential mortgage loans as those that are 90 days or more past due and/or in nonaccrual status.
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost by Origination Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | Prior | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Performance indicators: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Performing | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonperforming | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
17
Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortized Cost by Origination Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Performance indicators: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Performing | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonperforming | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For additional information regarding the Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans credit quality monitoring process, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
The Company may grant loan modifications in its commercial mortgage and other loan portfolios to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These loan modifications may be in the form of principal forgiveness, interest rate reduction, other-than-insignificant payment delay, term extension or some combination thereof. The amount, timing and extent of modifications granted and subsequent performance are considered in determining any allowance for credit losses.
The following table sets forth the amortized cost basis of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties during the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Term Extension | Other Than Insignificant Delay in Payment | % of Amortized Cost | Term Extension | Other Than Insignificant Delay in Payment | % of Amortized Cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans | $ | $ | % | $ | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agricultural property loans | $ | $ | % | $ | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the modifications added less than one year to the weighted average life in the commercial mortgage loan portfolio.
The Company did not
The following tables set forth an aging of past due commercial mortgage and other loans based upon the recorded investment gross of allowance for credit losses, as well as the amount of commercial mortgage and other loans on non-accrual status, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current | 30-59 Days Past Due | 60-89 Days Past Due | 90 Days or More Past Due(1)(2) | Total Past Due | Total Loans | Non-Accrual Status(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agricultural property loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other collateralized loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Uncollateralized loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18
Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
__________
(1)As of March 31, 2026, there were no loans in this category accruing interest.
(2)Includes loans for which no credit losses are expected due to U.S. agency guarantees.
(3)For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current | 30-59 Days Past Due | 60-89 Days Past Due | 90 Days or More Past Due(1)(2) | Total Past Due | Total Loans | Non-Accrual Status(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agricultural property loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other collateralized loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Uncollateralized loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)As of December 31, 2025, there were no loans in this category accruing interest.
(2)Includes loans for which no credit losses are expected due to U.S. agency guarantees.
(3)For additional information regarding the Company’s policies for accruing interest on loans, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Loans on non-accrual status recognized interest of $0 million and $4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Loans on non-accrual status that did not have a related allowance for credit losses were $250 million and $442 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were $30 million and $0 million, respectively, of commercial mortgage loans acquired, other than those through direct origination.
For both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were no
For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were $844 million and $0 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans acquired.
For both the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were $4 million and $0 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans sold.
The Company did no
19
Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Other Invested Assets
The following table sets forth the composition of “Other invested assets,” as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| LPs/LLCs: | ||||||||||||||
| Equity method: | ||||||||||||||
| Private equity | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Hedge funds | ||||||||||||||
Real estate-related(1) | ||||||||||||||
| Subtotal equity method | ||||||||||||||
| Fair value: | ||||||||||||||
| Private equity | ||||||||||||||
| Hedge funds | ||||||||||||||
| Real estate-related | ||||||||||||||
| Subtotal fair value | ||||||||||||||
| Total LPs/LLCs | ||||||||||||||
Real estate held through direct ownership(1) | ||||||||||||||
| Total alternative assets | ||||||||||||||
Credit-like instruments(2) | ||||||||||||||
| Derivative instruments | ||||||||||||||
Other(3) | ||||||||||||||
| Total other invested assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
_________
(1)As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, real estate held through direct ownership had mortgage debt of $218 million and $217 million, respectively.
(2)Includes structured debt investments in feeder funds that are consolidated, resulting in the Company reporting the consolidated feeder funds’ proportionate share of the net assets of the master fund within “Other invested assets.”
(3)Primarily includes equity investments accounted for under the measurement alternative, tax advantaged investments, strategic investments made by investment management operations, leveraged leases and member and activity stock held in the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York. For additional information regarding the Company’s holdings in the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, see Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Accrued Investment Income
The following table sets forth the composition of “Accrued investment income,” as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Fixed maturities | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Equity securities | |||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | |||||||||||
| Policy loans | |||||||||||
| Other invested assets | |||||||||||
| Short-term investments and cash equivalents | |||||||||||
| Total accrued investment income | $ | $ | |||||||||
Write-downs on accrued investment income were $1
20
Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Net Investment Income
The following table sets forth “Net investment income” by investment type, for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale(1) | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | ||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | ||||||||||||||
| Policy loans | ||||||||||||||
Other invested assets | ||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments and cash equivalents | ||||||||||||||
| Gross investment income | ||||||||||||||
Less: investment expenses | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Net investment income | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
__________
(1)Includes income on credit-linked notes which are reported on the same financial statement line as related surplus notes, as conditions are met for right to offset.
Realized Investment Gains (Losses), Net
The following table sets forth “Realized investment gains (losses), net” by investment type, for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities(1) | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment real estate | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| LPs/LLCs | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivatives | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ceded (income) loss on funds withheld assets(2) | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading.
(2)Includes changes in the value of reinsurance and funds withheld payables, primarily reflecting the impact of net investment income on withheld assets that are ceded to certain reinsurance counterparties under modified coinsurance and funds withheld coinsurance arrangements.
21
Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Investments within AOCI
The following table sets forth net unrealized gains (losses) on investments, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale with an allowance | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale without an allowance | ( | ( | |||||||||
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(1) | ( | ||||||||||
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||
Other investments(2) | |||||||||||
| Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
__________
(1)For additional information regarding cash flow and fair value hedges, see Note 5.
(2)Includes net unrealized gains (losses) on certain joint ventures that are strategic in nature and are included in “Other assets.”
Repurchase Agreements and Securities Lending
In the normal course of business, the Company sells securities under agreements to repurchase and enters into securities lending transactions. The following table sets forth the composition of “Securities sold under agreements to repurchase,” as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements | Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overnight & Continuous | Up to 30 Days | 30 to 90 Days | Total | Overnight & Continuous | Up to 30 Days | 30 to 90 Days | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. public corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign public corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total securities sold under agreements to repurchase | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The following table sets forth the composition of “Cash collateral for loaned securities,” which represents the liability to return cash collateral received for the following types of securities loaned, as of the dates indicated:
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements | Remaining Contractual Maturities of the Agreements | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overnight & Continuous | Up to 30 Days | Total | Overnight & Continuous | Up to 30 Days | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. public corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign public corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cash collateral for loaned securities(1) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)The Company did no
4. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
In the normal course of its activities, the Company enters into relationships with various special-purpose entities and other entities that are deemed to be variable interest entities (“VIEs”). For additional information, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
The table below reflects the carrying amount and balance sheet caption in which the assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs are reported. The liabilities primarily comprise obligations under debt instruments issued by the VIEs. The creditors of these VIEs do not have recourse to the Company in excess of the assets contained within the VIEs.
| Consolidated VIEs for which the Company is the Investment Manager(1) | Other Consolidated VIEs | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued investment income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets of consolidated VIEs | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities of consolidated VIEs | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Total assets of consolidated VIEs reflect $4,871 million and $4,801 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, related to VIEs whose beneficial interests are wholly-owned by consolidated subsidiaries.
(2)Recourse is limited to the assets of the respective VIE and does not extend to the general credit of the Company. As of March 31, 2026, the maturities of these obligations were between 0 and 14 years.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities
The Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of certain VIEs for which it may or may not be the investment manager. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss resulting from its relationship with unconsolidated VIEs is limited to its investment in the VIEs, which was $1,478 million and $1,484 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. These investments are reflected in “Fixed maturities, available-for-sale,” “Fixed maturities, trading,” “Equity securities” and “Other invested assets.” There are no liabilities associated with these unconsolidated VIEs on the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
In addition, in the normal course of its activities, the Company will invest in structured investments including VIEs for which it is not the investment manager. These structured investments typically invest in fixed income investments and are managed by third parties and include asset-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities and residential mortgage-backed securities. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss on these structured investments, both VIEs and non-VIEs, is limited to the amount of its investment. See Note 3 for details regarding the carrying amounts and classification of these assets. The Company has not provided material financial or other support that was not contractually required to these structures. The Company has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of these structures due to the fact that it does not control these entities.
Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies
In the normal course of its activities, the Company will invest in limited partnerships and limited liability companies (“LPs/LLCs”), which include hedge funds, private equity funds and real estate-related funds and may or may not be VIEs. The Company classifies these investments as “Other invested assets” and its maximum exposure to loss associated with these VIE and non-VIE entities is limited to the amount of its investment, which was $20,714 million and $20,509 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
5. DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING
Types of Derivative and Hedging Instruments
The Company utilizes various derivatives and hedging instruments to manage certain of its risks. Commonly used derivative and non-derivative hedging instruments include, but are not necessarily limited to:
•Interest rate contracts: futures, swaps, forwards, options, caps and floors
•Equity contracts: futures, options and total return swaps
•Foreign exchange contracts: futures, options, forwards, swaps, and foreign currency debt instruments
•Credit contracts: single and index reference credit default swaps
Other types of financial contracts that the Company accounts for as derivatives are:
•To-be-announced (“TBA”) forward contracts, loan commitments, embedded derivatives and synthetic guaranteed investment contracts (“GICs”).
For detailed information regarding these contracts and the related strategies, see Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Primary Risks Managed by Derivatives
The table below provides a summary of the gross notional amount and fair value of derivative contracts by the primary underlying risks they are utilized to manage, excluding embedded derivatives. Many derivative instruments contain multiple underlying risks. The fair value amounts below represent the value of derivative contracts prior to taking into account the netting effects of master netting agreements and cash collateral. These netting impacts resulted in total derivative assets of $1,462 million and $1,671 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and total derivative liabilities of $6,401 million and $6,215 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, reflected in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Primary Underlying Risk /Instrument Type | March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Notional | Assets | Liabilities | Gross Notional | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate Swaps | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate Forwards | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency Forwards | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency Swaps | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate Swaps | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate Futures | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate Options | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate Forwards | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Total Return Swaps | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency Forwards | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency Swaps | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit Default Swaps | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity Futures | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity Options | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity Total Return Swaps | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synthetic GICs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Derivatives(2)(3) | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)“Other” primarily includes derivative contracts used to improve the balance of the Company’s tail longevity and mortality risk. Under these contracts, the Company’s gains (losses) are capped at the notional amount.
(2)Excludes embedded derivatives which contain multiple underlying risks. The fair value of these embedded derivatives was a net liability of $16,927 million (including the Prismic funds withheld related embedded derivative net liability of $105 million) and $18,404 million (including the Prismic funds withheld related embedded derivative net liability of $194 million) as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, primarily included in “Policyholders’ account balances” and “Reinsurance and funds withheld payables.”
(3)Recorded in “Other invested assets” and “Other liabilities” on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
As of March 31, 2026, the following amounts were recorded on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position related to the carrying amount of the hedged assets (liabilities) and cumulative basis adjustments included in the carrying amount for fair value hedges.
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance Sheet Line Item in which Hedged Item is Recorded | Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets (Liabilities) | Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets (Liabilities)(1) | Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets (Liabilities) | Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets (Liabilities)(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Future policy benefits | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)There were no material fair value hedging adjustments for hedged assets and liabilities for which hedge accounting has been discontinued.
Most of the Company’s derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting for various reasons. For example: (i) derivatives that economically hedge embedded derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting because changes in the fair value of the embedded derivatives are already recorded in net income; (ii) derivatives that are utilized as macro hedges of the Company’s exposure to various risks typically do not qualify for hedge accounting because they do not meet the criteria required under portfolio hedge accounting rules; and (iii) synthetic GICs, which are product standalone derivatives, do not qualify as hedging instruments under hedge accounting rules.
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities
The following tables present recognized derivative instruments (excluding embedded derivatives), and repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements that are offset in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, and/or are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are offset in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Amounts of Recognized Financial Instruments | Gross Amounts Offset in the Statements of Financial Position | Net Amounts Presented in the Statements of Financial Position | Financial Instruments/ Collateral(1) | Net Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Offsetting of Financial Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities purchased under agreement to resell | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Assets | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Offsetting of Financial Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Amounts of Recognized Financial Instruments | Gross Amounts Offset in the Statements of Financial Position | Net Amounts Presented in the Statements of Financial Position | Financial Instruments/ Collateral(1) | Net Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Offsetting of Financial Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities purchased under agreement to resell | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Assets | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Offsetting of Financial Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreement to repurchase | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Amounts exclude the excess of collateral received/pledged from/to the counterparty.
For information regarding the rights of offset associated with the derivative assets and liabilities in the table above, see “—Counterparty Credit Risk” below. For securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company monitors the value of the securities and maintains collateral, as appropriate, to protect against credit exposure. Where the Company has entered into repurchase and resale agreements with the same counterparty, in the event of default, the Company would generally be permitted to exercise rights of offset. For additional information regarding the Company’s accounting policy for securities repurchase and resale agreements, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Cash Flow, Fair Value and Net Investment Hedges
The primary derivative and non-derivative instruments used by the Company in its fair value, cash flow and net investment hedge accounting relationships are interest rate swaps, currency swaps, currency forwards, and foreign currency denominated debts. These instruments are only designated for hedge accounting in instances where the appropriate criteria are met. The Company does not use futures, options, credit, or equity derivatives in any of its fair value, cash flow or net investment hedge accounting relationships.
The following tables provide the financial statement classification and impact of derivatives used in qualifying and non-qualifying hedge relationships, including the offset of the hedged item in fair value hedge relationships.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized Investment Gains (Losses) | Change in Value of MRBs, Net of Related Hedging Gains (Losses) | Net Investment Income | Other Income (Loss) | Interest Expense | Interest Credited to Policyholders’ Account Balances | Policyholders’ Benefits | Change in AOCI(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains (losses) on derivatives designated as hedge instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on derivatives designated as hedge instruments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains (losses) on the hedged item: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on hedged item | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization for gains (losses) excluded from assessment of the effectiveness | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total amortization for gains (losses) excluded from assessment of the effectiveness | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on fair value hedges net of hedged item | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flow hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on cash flow hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on net investment hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded Derivatives(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on derivatives not qualifying as hedge accounting instruments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized Investment Gains (Losses) | Change in Value of MRBs, Net of Related Hedging Gains (Losses) | Net Investment Income | Other Income (Loss) | Interest Expense | Interest Credited to Policyholders’ Account Balances | Policyholders’ Benefits | Change in AOCI(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains (losses) on derivatives designated as hedge instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on derivatives designated as hedge instruments | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains (losses) on the hedged item: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on hedged item | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization for gains (losses) excluded from assessment of the effectiveness | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total amortization for gains (losses) excluded from assessment of the effectiveness | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on fair value hedges net of hedged item | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flow hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on cash flow hedges | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment hedges | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on net investment hedges | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Embedded Derivatives(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total gains (losses) on derivatives not qualifying as hedge accounting instruments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Excludes changes related to net investment hedges using non-derivative instruments of $14 million and $(51 ) million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, and 2025 respectively.
(2)Includes the Prismic funds withheld related embedded derivative realized gain (loss) of $88 million and $(147 ) million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 respectively.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Presented below is a rollforward of current period cash flow hedges in AOCI before taxes:
| (in millions) | |||||
| Balance, December 31, 2025 | $ | ( | |||
| Amount recorded in AOCI: | |||||
| Interest Rate | ( | ||||
| Currency | |||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||
| Total amount recorded in AOCI | |||||
| Amount reclassified from AOCI to income: | |||||
| Interest Rate | |||||
| Currency | |||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | ( | ||||
| Total amount reclassified from AOCI to income | ( | ||||
| Balance, March 31, 2026 | $ | ||||
The changes in fair value of cash flow hedges are deferred in AOCI and are included in “Net unrealized investment gains (losses)” in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; these amounts are then reclassified to earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. Using March 31, 2026 values, it is estimated that a pre-tax gain of $304 million is expected to be reclassified from AOCI to earnings during the subsequent twelve months ending March 31, 2027.
The exposures the Company is hedging with these qualifying cash flow hedges include the variability of future cash flows from forecasted transactions denominated in foreign currencies, the purchases of invested assets, and the receipt or payment of variable interest on existing financial instruments. The maximum length of time over which the Company is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions is 25 years.
There were no material amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings relating to instances in which the Company discontinued cash flow hedge accounting because the forecasted transaction did not occur by the anticipated date or within the additional time period permitted by the authoritative guidance for the accounting for derivatives and hedging. In addition, there were no instances in which the Company discontinued fair value hedge accounting due to a hedged firm commitment no longer qualifying as a fair value hedge.
For net investment hedges, in addition to derivatives, the Company uses foreign currency denominated debt to hedge the risk of change in the net investment in a foreign subsidiary due to changes in exchange rates. For effective net investment hedges, the amounts, before applicable taxes, recorded in the cumulative translation adjustment within AOCI were $24 million and $(66 ) million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Credit Derivatives
The following tables provide a summary of the notional and fair value of written credit protection, presented as assets (liabilities). The Company’s maximum amount at risk under these credit derivatives, assuming the value of the underlying referenced securities become worthless, is equal to the notional amounts. These credit derivatives have maturities of less than 11 years for index reference.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NAIC Rating Designation of Underlying Credit Obligation(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NAIC 1 | NAIC 2 | NAIC 3 | NAIC 4 | NAIC 5 | NAIC 6(2) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Single name reference(3) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Index reference(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NAIC Rating Designation of Underlying Credit Obligation(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NAIC 1 | NAIC 2 | NAIC 3 | NAIC 4 | NAIC 5 | NAIC 6(2) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | Gross Notional | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Single name reference(3) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Index reference(3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_________
(1)The NAIC rating designations are based on availability and the lowest ratings among Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) and Fitch Ratings Inc. (“Fitch”). If no rating is available from a rating agency, an NAIC 6 rating is used.
(2)The NAIC rating designation is due to approximately 4 % and 3 % of the index reference name rated as NAIC 6 as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(3)Single name credit default swaps may make reference to the credit of corporate debt, sovereign debt, and structured finance. Index reference NAIC designations are based on the lowest rated single name reference included in the index.
The Company had no exposure on purchased credit protection as of March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.
Counterparty Credit Risk
The Company is exposed to losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to financial derivative transactions with a positive fair value. The Company manages credit risk by: (i) entering into derivative transactions with highly rated major financial institutions and other creditworthy counterparties governed by master netting agreements, as applicable; (ii) trading through central clearing and over-the-counter (“OTC”) parties; (iii) obtaining collateral, such as cash and securities, when appropriate; and (iv) setting limits on single party credit exposures which are subject to periodic management review.
Substantially all of the Company’s derivative agreements have zero thresholds which require daily full collateralization by the party in a liability position. In addition, certain of the Company’s derivative agreements contain credit-risk related contingent features; if the credit rating of one of the parties to the derivative agreement is to fall below a certain level, the party with positive fair value could request termination at the then fair value or demand immediate full collateralization from the party whose credit rating fell and is in a net liability position.
As of March 31, 2026, there were no net liability derivative positions with counterparties with credit risk-related contingent features. All derivatives have been appropriately collateralized by the Company or the counterparty in accordance with the terms of the derivative agreements.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
6. FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Fair Value Measurement—Fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The authoritative fair value guidance establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1—Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Company for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2—Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability through corroboration with observable market data. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, and other market observable inputs.
Level 3—Fair value is based on at least one significant unobservable input for the asset or liability. The assets and liabilities in this category may require significant judgment or estimation in determining the fair value.
For a discussion of the Company’s valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. There have been no material changes in the Company’s valuation techniques during the period represented by these Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Assets and Liabilities by Hierarchy Level—The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities reported at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates indicated.
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Netting(1) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. corporate public securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. corporate private securities(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign corporate public securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign corporate private securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets(4) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Separate account assets(5)(6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance and funds withheld payables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Netting(1) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. corporate public securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. corporate private securities(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign corporate public securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign corporate private securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed securities(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign government securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets(4) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Separate account assets(5)(6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance and funds withheld payables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)“Netting” amounts represent cash collateral of $(8,438 ) million and $(8,497 ) million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and the impact of offsetting asset and liability positions held with the same counterparty, subject to master netting agreements.
(2)Excludes notes with fair value of $15,844 million (carrying amount of $15,844 million) and $15,744 million (carrying amount of $15,744 million) as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, which have been offset with the associated debt under a netting agreement.
(3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations, home equity loans, auto loans, education loans and other asset types.
(4)Other invested assets excluded from the fair value hierarchy include certain hedge funds, private equity funds and other funds for which fair value is measured at net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the fair value of such investments was $5,931 million and $5,526 million, respectively.
(5)Separate account assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude investments in entities that calculate NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. Such investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy include investments in real estate, hedge funds and other invested assets. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the fair value of such investments was $27,631 million and $27,506 million, respectively.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
(6)Separate account assets represent segregated funds that are invested for certain customers. Investment risks associated with market value changes are borne by the customers, except to the extent of minimum guarantees made by the Company with respect to certain accounts. Separate account liabilities are not included in the above table as they are reported at contract value and not fair value in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
Quantitative Information Regarding Internally-Priced Level 3 Assets and Liabilities—The tables below present quantitative information regarding significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| As of March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Valuation Techniques | Unobservable Inputs | Minimum | Maximum | Weighted Average | Impact of Increase in Input on Fair Value(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate securities(2)(3) | $ | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market comparables | EBITDA multiple(4) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liquidation | Liquidation value | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset backed securities | $ | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liquidity premium | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | $ | Discounted cash flow | Liquidity premium | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit assets(6) | $ | Discounted cash flow | Lapse rate(8) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spread over SOFR(9) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utilization rate(10) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Withdrawal rate | See table footnote (11) below. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortality rate(12) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity volatility curve | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | $ | Market comparables | EBITDA multiple(4) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Asset Value | Share price | $ | $ | $ | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | $ | Discounted cash flow | Spread | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | $ | Discounted cash flow | Lapse rate(8) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spread over SOFR(9) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Option Budget(13) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit liabilities(6) | $ | Discounted cash flow | Lapse rate(8) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spread over SOFR(9) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utilization rate(10) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Withdrawal rate | See table footnote (11) below. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortality rate(12) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity volatility curve | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances(7) | $ | Discounted cash flow | Lapse rate(8) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spread over SOFR(9) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortality rate(12) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Option Budget(13) | ( | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | $ | Liquidation | Liquidation value | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| As of December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Valuation Techniques | Unobservable Inputs | Minimum | Maximum | Weighted Average | Impact of Increase in Input on Fair Value(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate securities(2)(3) | $ | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market comparables | EBITDA multiple(4) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liquidation | Liquidation value | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset backed securities | $ | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liquidity premium | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities | $ | Discounted cash flow | Liquidity premium | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit assets(6) | $ | Discounted cash flow | Lapse rate(8) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spread over SOFR(9) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utilization rate(10) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Withdrawal rate | See table footnote (11) below. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortality rate(12) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity volatility curve | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | $ | Discounted cash flow | Discount rate(5) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market comparables | EBITDA multiple(4) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Asset Value | Share price | $ | $ | $ | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | $ | Discounted cash flow | Spread | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | $ | Discounted cash flow | Lapse rate(8) | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spread over SOFR(9) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Option Budget(13) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit liabilities(6) | $ | Discounted cash flow | Lapse rate(8) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spread over SOFR(9) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utilization rate(10) | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Withdrawal rate | See table footnote (11) below. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortality rate(12) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity volatility curve | Increase | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances(7) | $ | Discounted cash flow | Lapse rate(8) | Decrease | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spread over SOFR(9) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortality rate(12) | Decrease | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Option Budget(13) | ( | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | $ | Liquidation | Liquidation value | Increase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
___________
(1)Conversely, the impact of a decrease in input would have the opposite impact on fair value as that presented in the table.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
(2)Includes assets classified as fixed maturities, available-for-sale, assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities and fixed maturities, trading.
(3)Excludes notes which have been offset with the associated debt under a netting agreement.
(4)Represents multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”), and are amounts used when the Company has determined that market participants would use such multiples when valuing the investments.
(5)For these investments, a range of discount rates is typically used and is therefore a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation rather than weighted average.
(6)Market risk benefits primarily represent fair value for all living benefit guarantees including accumulation, withdrawal and income benefits. Since the valuation methodology for these assets and liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(7)Policyholders’ account balances primarily represent general account liabilities for the index-linked interest credited on certain of the Company’s life and annuity products that are accounted for as embedded derivatives. Since the valuation methodology for these liabilities uses a range of inputs that vary at the contract level over the cash flow projection period, presenting a range, rather than a weighted average, is a more meaningful representation of the unobservable inputs used in the valuation.
(8)Lapse rates for contracts with living benefit guarantees are adjusted at the contract level based on the in-the-moneyness of the living benefit and reflect other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. Lapse rates are reduced when contracts are more in-the-money. Lapse rates for contracts with index-linked crediting guarantees may be adjusted at the contract level based on the applicability of any surrender charges, product type, and market related factors such as interest rates. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower for the period where surrender charges apply. For any given contract, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for the purposes of valuing these balances.
(9)The spread over the secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) swap curve represents the premium added to the proxy for the risk-free rate (SOFR) to reflect the Company’s estimates of rates that a market participant would use to value the living benefits in both the accumulation and payout phases and index-linked interest crediting guarantees as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. This spread includes an estimate of non-performance risk (“NPR”), which is the risk that the obligation will not be fulfilled by the Company. NPR is primarily estimated by utilizing the credit spreads associated with issuing funding agreements, adjusted for any illiquidity risk premium. In order to reflect the financial strength ratings of the Company, credit spreads associated with funding agreements, as opposed to credit spread associated with debt, are utilized in developing this estimate because funding agreements are insurance liabilities and are therefore senior to debt. Effective April 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with The Ohio National Life Insurance Company, now known as AuguStar Life Insurance Company (“AuguStar”), an affiliate of Constellation Insurance Holdings, Inc., to reinsure approximately $10 billion of account values of PDI traditional variable annuity contracts with guaranteed living benefits. See Note 12 for additional information regarding this transaction. As a result of this transaction, a ceded MRB asset balance was established to fair value the reinsurance reimbursements to the Company. The establishment of the fair value also required an estimate of NPR for AuguStar, which may differ from the Company’s; however, the NPR spreads for AuguStar were developed using a methodology similar to that of the Company.
(10)The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contracts that will utilize the benefit during the contract duration, and begin lifetime withdrawals at various time intervals from contract inception. The remaining contractholders are assumed to either begin lifetime withdrawals immediately or never utilize the benefit. Utilization assumptions may vary by product type, tax status and age. The impact of changes in these assumptions is highly dependent on the product type, the age of the contractholder at the time of the sale, and the timing of the first lifetime income withdrawal. Range reflects the utilization rate for the vast majority of business with living benefits.
(11)The withdrawal rate assumption estimates the magnitude of annual contractholder withdrawals relative to the maximum allowable amount under the contract. These assumptions vary based on the age of the contractholder, the tax status of the contract and the duration since the contractholder began lifetime withdrawals. As of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the minimum withdrawal rate assumption is 78 100 100 % and decrease as the withdrawal rate moves further away from 100 %.
(12)The range reflects the mortality rates for the vast majority of business with living benefits and other contracts, with policyholders ranging from 50 to 90 years old. While the majority of living benefits have a minimum age requirement, certain other contracts do not have an age restriction. This results in contractholders with mortality rates approaching 0 % for certain benefits. Mortality rates may vary by product, age and duration. A mortality improvement assumption is also incorporated into the overall mortality table.
(13)Option budget estimates the expected long-term cost of options used to hedge exposures associated with equity price and interest rate changes. The level of option budget determines future costs of the options, which impacts the growth in account value and the valuation of embedded derivatives.
Interrelationships Between Unobservable Inputs—In addition to the sensitivities of fair value measurements to changes in each unobservable input in isolation, as reflected in the table above, interrelationships between these inputs may also exist, such that a change in one unobservable input may give rise to a change in another or multiple inputs. Examples of such interrelationships for significant internally-priced Level 3 assets and liabilities are as follows:
Corporate Securities—The rate used to discount future cash flows reflects current risk-free rates plus credit and liquidity spread requirements that market participants would use to value an asset. The discount rate may be influenced by many factors, including market cycles, expectations of default, collateral, term and asset complexity. Each of these factors can influence discount rates, either in isolation, or in response to other factors. During weaker economic cycles, as the expectations of default increase, credit spreads widen, which results in a decrease in fair value.
Commercial Mortgage-backed Securities—Interrelationships may exist between the prepayment rate, the default rate and/or loss severity, depending on specific market conditions. In stronger economic cycles, prepayment rates are generally driven by underlying property appreciation and subsequent cash-out refinances, while default rates and loss severity may be lower. During weaker economic cycles, prepayment rates may decline, while default rates and loss severity increase. Generally, a change in the assumption used for the probability of default would be accompanied by a directionally similar change in the assumption used for the loss severity and a directionally opposite change in the assumption used for prepayment rates. The impact of these factors on average life and economics varies with the deal structure and tranche subordination.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Market Risk Benefits—The Company expects efficient benefit utilization and withdrawal rates to generally be correlated with lapse rates. However, behavior is generally highly dependent on the facts and circumstances surrounding the individual contractholder, such as their liquidity needs or tax situation, which could drive lapse behavior independent of other contractholder behavior assumptions. To the extent more efficient contractholder behavior results in greater in-the-moneyness at the contract level, lapse rates may decline for those contracts. Similarly, to the extent that increases in equity volatility are correlated with overall declines in the capital markets, lapse rates may decline as contracts become more in-the-money.
Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities—The following tables describe changes in fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods (excluding MRBs disclosed in Note 11). When a determination is made to classify assets and liabilities within Level 3, the determination is based on significance of the unobservable inputs in the overall fair value measurement. All transfers are based on changes in the observability of the valuation inputs, including the availability of pricing service information that the Company can validate. Transfers into Level 3 are generally the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies and the use of indicative broker quotes for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are generally due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the availability of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company can validate.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026(6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value, beginning of period | Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) | Purchases | Sales | Issuances | Settlements | Other(1) | Transfers into Level 3(7) | Transfers out of Level 3(7) | Fair Value, end of period | Unrealized gains (losses) for assets and liabilities still held(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. states | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign government | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate securities(3) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Structured securities(4) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Separate account assets | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders’ account balances(5) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) | Unrealized gains (losses) for assets and liabilities still held(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net | Other income (loss) | Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | Included in other comprehensive income (losses) | Net investment income | Realized investment gains (losses), net | Other income (loss) | Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | Included in other comprehensive income (losses) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Separate account assets | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025(6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value, beginning of period | Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) | Purchases | Sales | Issuances | Settlements | Other(1) | Transfers into Level 3(7) | Transfers out of Level 3(7) | Fair Value, end of period | Unrealized gains (losses) for assets and liabilities still held(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. states | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign government | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate securities(3) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Structured securities(4) | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Separate account assets | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders’ account balances(5) | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) | Unrealized gains (losses) for assets and liabilities still held(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net | Other income (loss) | Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | Included in other comprehensive income (losses) | Net investment income | Realized investment gains (losses), net | Other income (loss) | Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | Included in other comprehensive income (losses) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Separate account assets | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)“Other” includes additional activity not allocated to the specific categories within the rollforward of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities.
(2)Unrealized gains or losses related to assets and liabilities still held at the end of the period do not include amortization or accretion of premiums and discounts.
(3)Includes U.S. corporate public, U.S. corporate private, foreign corporate public and foreign corporate private securities.
(4)Includes asset-backed, commercial mortgage-backed and residential mortgage-backed securities.
(5)Issuances and settlements for Policyholders’ account balances are presented net in the rollforward.
(6)Excludes MRB assets of $2,166 million and $2,139 million and MRB liabilities of $5,000 million and $5,021 million for the periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. See Note 11 for additional information.
(7)Transfers into or out of Level 3 are generally reported at the value as of the beginning of the period in which the transfers occur for any such positions still held at the end of the period.
Derivative Fair Value Information
The following tables present the balances of certain derivative assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates indicated, by the primary underlying risks they are used to manage. These tables include NPR and exclude embedded derivatives. The derivative assets and liabilities shown below are included in “Other invested assets” or “Other liabilities” in the tables contained within the sections “—Assets and Liabilities by Hierarchy Level” and “—Changes in Level 3 Assets and Liabilities,” above.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| As of March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Netting(1) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Netting(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total derivative assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Netting(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total derivative liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Netting(1) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Netting(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total derivative assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Rate | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Credit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency/Interest Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Netting(1) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total derivative liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)“Netting” amounts represent cash collateral and the impact of offsetting asset and liability positions held with the same counterparty, subject to master netting agreements.
Changes in Level 3 Derivative Assets and Liabilities—The following tables provide a summary of the changes in fair value of Level 3 derivative assets and liabilities as of the dates indicated, as well as the portion of gains or losses included in income, attributable to unrealized gains or losses related to those assets and liabilities still held at the end of their respective periods.
42
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value, beginning of period | Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1) | Purchases | Sales | Issuances | Settlements | Other | Transfers into Level 3(2) | Transfers out of Level 3(2) | Fair Value, end of period | Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Derivative - Equity | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Derivative - Interest Rate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value, beginning of period | Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1) | Purchases | Sales | Issuances | Settlements | Other | Transfers into Level 3(2) | Transfers out of Level 3(2) | Fair Value, end of period | Unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Derivative - Equity | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Derivative - Interest Rate | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) as well as unrealized gains (losses) for assets still held at the end of the period are recorded in “Realized investment gains (losses), net.”
(2)Transfers into or out of Level 3 are generally reported at the value as of the beginning of the period in which the transfers occur for any such positions still held at the end of the period.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements—The following tables represent information for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The fair value measurement is nonrecurring as these assets are measured at fair value only when there is a triggering event (e.g., an evidence of impairment). Assets included in the table are those that were adjusted to fair value during the respective reporting periods and that are still held as of the reporting date. The estimated fair values for these amounts were determined using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains (Losses): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment real estate | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in JV/LP and Other | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Equity securities | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Carrying value after measurement as of period end: | |||||||||||
Investment real estate(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
Investment in JV/LP and Other(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
Equity securities(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)Reported carrying values for 2026 include values as of the measurement dates of March 31, 2026 for “Investment in JV/LP and Other” and “Equity securities.” Reported carrying values for 2025 include values as of the measurement dates of March 31, 2025 for “Investment real estate,” December 31, 2025 for “Investment in JV/LP and Other” and September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2025 for “Equity securities.”
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Fair Value Option
The fair value option allows the Company to elect fair value as an alternative measurement for selected financial assets and financial liabilities not otherwise reported at fair value. Such elections have been made by the Company to help mitigate volatility in earnings that result from different measurement attributes. Electing the fair value option also allows the Company to achieve consistent accounting for certain assets and liabilities. Changes in fair value are reflected in “Realized investment gains (losses), net” for commercial mortgage and other loans and “Other income (loss)” for other assets and notes issued by consolidated VIEs. Changes in fair value due to instrument-specific credit risk are estimated using changes in credit spreads and quality ratings for the period reported. Interest income on commercial mortgage and other loans is included in “Net investment income.” Interest income on these loans is recorded based on the effective interest rate as determined at the closing of the loan.
The following tables present information regarding assets and liabilities where the fair value option has been elected.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in fair value | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in fair value | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans(1): | |||||||||||
| Fair value as of period end | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Aggregate contractual principal as of period end | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Other invested assets: | |||||||||||
| Fair value as of period end | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs: | |||||||||||
| Fair value as of period end | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Aggregate contractual principal as of period end | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)As of March 31, 2026, for loans for which the fair value option has been elected, none of the loans were 90 days or more past due.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The tables below present the carrying amount and fair value by fair value hierarchy level of certain financial instruments that are not reported at fair value. The financial instruments presented below are reported at carrying value on the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. In some cases, as described below, the carrying amount equals or approximates fair value.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Carrying Amount(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued investment income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances—investment contracts | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash collateral for loaned securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance and funds withheld payables(2) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Separate account liabilities—investment contracts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | Carrying Amount(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accrued investment income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances—investment contracts | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash collateral for loaned securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reinsurance and funds withheld payables(2) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt(3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Notes issued by consolidated VIEs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Separate account liabilities—investment contracts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Carrying values presented herein differ from those in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position because certain items within the respective financial statement captions are not considered financial instruments or are out of scope under authoritative guidance relating to disclosures of the fair value of financial instruments.
(2)Includes contracts reinsured through coinsurance with funds withheld agreement with Prismic Life Reinsurance, Ltd (“Prismic Re”) with a fair value of $7,430 million (carrying amount of $7,430 million) and $7,513 million (carrying amount of $7,513 million), a portion of which relates to insurance contracts as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. See Note 12 for additional information regarding the reinsurance arrangement with Prismic Re.
(3)Excludes debt with fair value of $15,844 million (carrying amount of $15,844 million) and $15,744 million (carrying amount of $15,744 million) as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, which have been offset with the associated notes under a netting agreement.
7. DEFERRED POLICY ACQUISITION COSTS, DEFERRED REINSURANCE, DEFERRED SALES INDUCEMENTS AND VALUE OF BUSINESS ACQUIRED
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (“DAC”)
The following tables show a rollforward for the lines of business that contain material DAC balances, along with a reconciliation to the Company’s total DAC balance:
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products | International Businesses | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Term Life | Variable/ Universal Life | Annuities | Guaranteed Universal Life | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capitalization | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other adjustments | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total DAC balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products(1) | International Businesses | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retirement(1) | Term Life | Variable/ Universal Life(1) | Annuities | Guaranteed Universal Life | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capitalization | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other adjustments(2) | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total DAC balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current presentation.
(2)Includes the impact of the reinsurance transaction with Prismic Re International in International Businesses. See Note 12 for additional information.
Deferred Reinsurance Losses (“DRL”)
The following tables show a rollforward for the lines of business that contain DRL balances, along with a reconciliation to the Company’s total DRL balance:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Legacy Products | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Guaranteed Universal Life | ||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Amortization | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||
| Total DRL balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Legacy Products | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Guaranteed Universal Life | ||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Amortization | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||
| Total DRL balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||
Deferred Reinsurance Gains (“DRG”)
The following tables show a rollforward for the lines of business that contain DRG balances, along with a reconciliation to the Company’s total DRG balance:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Annuities | Guaranteed Universal Life | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Deferred reinsurance gain | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total DRG balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retirement | Annuities | Guaranteed Universal Life | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Deferred reinsurance gain | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total DRG balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred Sales Inducements (“DSI”)
The following table shows a rollforward of DSI balances for annuity products within U.S. Legacy Products, which is the only line of business that contains a material DSI balance, along with a reconciliation to the Company’s total DSI balance:
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025(1) | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
Balance, BOP | $ | $ | |||||||||
Capitalization | |||||||||||
Amortization expense | ( | ( | |||||||||
Balance, EOP | |||||||||||
Other businesses | |||||||||||
Total DSI balance | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current presentation.
Value of Business Acquired (“VOBA”)
The following table shows a rollforward of VOBA balances for the acquisition of the Star and Edison Businesses for International Businesses, along with a reconciliation to the Company’s total VOBA balance:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
Balance, BOP | $ | $ | |||||||||
Amortization expense | ( | ( | |||||||||
Foreign currency adjustment | ( | ||||||||||
Balance, EOP | |||||||||||
Other businesses(1) | |||||||||||
Total VOBA balance | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)Represents Aoba Life business.
8. SEPARATE ACCOUNTS
The Company issues variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts through its separate accounts for which investment income and investment gains and losses accrue directly to, and investment risk is borne by, the contractholder. Most variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts are offered with both separate and general account options. See Note 10 for additional information.
The assets supporting the variable portion of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts are carried at fair value and reported as “Separate account assets” with an equivalent amount reported as “Separate account liabilities.” The liabilities related to the net amount at risk are reflected within “Future policy benefits” or “Market risk benefit liabilities” (or “assets,” if applicable). Amounts assessed against the contractholders for mortality, administration, and other services are included within revenue in “Policy charges and fee income” and changes in liabilities for minimum guarantees are generally included in “Policyholders’ benefits” or “Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses).”
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Separate Account Assets
The aggregate fair value of assets, by major investment asset category, supporting separate accounts is as follows:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
Asset Type: | |||||||||||
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies | $ | $ | |||||||||
Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions | |||||||||||
Foreign government bonds | |||||||||||
U.S. corporate securities | |||||||||||
Foreign corporate securities | |||||||||||
Asset-backed securities | |||||||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | |||||||||||
Mutual funds: | |||||||||||
Equity | |||||||||||
Fixed Income | |||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||
Equity securities | |||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans | |||||||||||
Other invested assets | |||||||||||
Short-term investments | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | |||||||||||
Total | $ | $ | |||||||||
For the periods ended March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were no no
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Separate Account Liabilities
The balances of and changes in separate account liabilities as of and for the periods ended are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PGIM | Retirement | Group Insurance | Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment performance | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy charges | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surrenders and withdrawals | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit payments | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net transfers (to) from general account | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses(1) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total separate account liabilities | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash surrender value(2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Primarily represents activity from the Company’s intercompany eliminations as well as Divested and Run-off Businesses. There are no associated cash surrender charges.
(2)“Cash surrender value” represents the amount of the contractholder’s account balances distributable at the balance sheet date less certain surrender charges. There is no cash surrender charges for the PGIM segment.
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PGIM | Retirement | Group Insurance | Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment performance | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Policy charges | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Surrenders and withdrawals | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit payments | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net transfers (to) from general account | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other businesses(1) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total separate account liabilities | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash surrender value(2) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Primarily represents activity from the Company’s intercompany eliminations as well as Divested and Run-off Businesses. There are no associated cash surrender charges.
(2)“Cash surrender value” represents the amount of the contractholder’s account balances distributable at the balance sheet date less certain surrender charges. There is no cash surrender charges for the PGIM segment.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
9. LIABILITY FOR FUTURE POLICY BENEFITS
Liability for Future Policy Benefits primarily consists of the following sub-components, which are discussed in greater detail below:
•Benefit Reserves;
•Deferred Profit Liability (“DPL”); and
•Additional Insurance Reserves (“AIR”)
Benefit Reserves
The balances of and changes in Benefit Reserves as of and for the periods indicated consist of the three tables presented below: Present Value of Expected Net Premiums rollforward, Present Value of Expected Future Policy Benefits rollforward, and Net Liability for Future Policy Benefits.
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Present Value of Expected Net Premiums | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | International Businesses | Corporate and Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Term Life | Long-Term Care | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at original discount rate, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of actual variances from expected experience and other activity | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted balance, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net premiums / considerations collected | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at original discount rate, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions, EOP | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total balance, EOP | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Present Value of Expected Future Policy Benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | International Businesses | Corporate and Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Term Life | Long-Term Care | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at original discount rate, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of actual variances from expected experience and other activity | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted balance, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit payments | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at original discount rate, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions, EOP | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total balance, EOP | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Liability for Future Policy Benefits - Benefit Reserves | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | International Businesses | Corporate and Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Term Life | Long-Term Care | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, pre-flooring | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Flooring impact, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, post-flooring | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Reinsurance recoverables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance after reinsurance recoverables, EOP, post-flooring | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses, EOP(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total balance after reinsurance recoverables, EOP | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Present Value of Expected Net Premiums | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | International Businesses | Corporate and Other | Total(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(2) | Term Life | Long-Term Care | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at original discount rate, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of actual variances from expected experience and other activity | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted balance, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net premiums / considerations collected | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at original discount rate, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions, EOP | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other businesses, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total balance, EOP | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Present Value of Expected Future Policy Benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | International Businesses | Corporate and Other | Total(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(2) | Term Life | Long-Term Care | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at original discount rate, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of actual variances from expected experience and other activity | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted balance, BOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit payments | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at original discount rate, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in discount rate assumptions, EOP | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other businesses, EOP(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total balance, EOP | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Liability for Future Policy Benefits - Benefit Reserves | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | International Businesses | Corporate and Other | Total(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(2) | Term Life | Long-Term Care | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, pre-flooring | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Flooring impact, EOP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, post-flooring | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Reinsurance recoverables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance after reinsurance recoverables, EOP, post-flooring | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other businesses, EOP(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total balance after reinsurance recoverables, EOP | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Reflects balance after reinsurance recoverables of $54 million and $59 million at March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
(2)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
The following tables provide supplemental information related to the balances of and changes in Benefit Reserves included in the disaggregated tables above, on a gross (direct and assumed) basis, as of and for the period indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | International Businesses | Corporate and Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Term Life | Long-Term Care | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Undiscounted expected future gross premiums | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discounted expected future gross premiums (at original discount rate) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discounted expected future gross premiums (at current discount rate) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Undiscounted expected future benefits and expenses | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average duration of the liability in years (at original discount rate) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average duration of the liability in years (at current discount rate) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average interest rate (at original discount rate) | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average interest rate (at current discount rate) | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | International Businesses | Corporate and Other | |||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(1) | Term Life | Long-Term Care | |||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Undiscounted expected future gross premiums | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Discounted expected future gross premiums (at original discount rate) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Discounted expected future gross premiums (at current discount rate) | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Undiscounted expected future benefits and expenses | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average duration of the liability in years (at original discount rate) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average duration of the liability in years (at current discount rate) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average interest rate (at original discount rate) | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average interest rate (at current discount rate) | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
For additional information regarding observable market information and the techniques used to determine the interest rate assumptions seen above, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
For non-participating traditional and limited-payment products, if a cohort is in a loss position where the liability for future policy benefits plus the present value of expected future gross premiums are determined to be insufficient to provide for the present value of expected future policy benefits and non-level claim settlement expenses, then the liability for future policy benefits is adjusted at that time, and thereafter, such that all changes, both favorable and unfavorable, in expected benefits resulting from both actual experience deviations and changes in future assumptions are recognized immediately as a gain or loss respectively.
For the first three months of 2026, there was a $54 million charge to net income for non-participating traditional and limited-payment products, where net premiums exceeded gross premiums for certain issue-year cohorts. The unfavorable impact in the first three months of 2026 is primarily due to new pension risk transfer business sold in Retirement, for which the present value of expected benefits at the required discount rate exceeds the premium paid.
For the first three months of 2025, there was an immaterial impact to net income for non-participating traditional and limited-payment products, where net premiums exceeded gross premiums for certain issue-year cohorts.
Deferred Profit Liability
The balances of and changes in DPL as of and for the period indicated are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||
| Deferred Profit Liability | |||||||||||||||||
| International Businesses | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Retirement | |||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Balance, BOP, post-flooring | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Less: Flooring impact, BOP | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP, pre-flooring | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of actual variances from expected experience and other activity | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Adjusted balance, BOP | |||||||||||||||||
| Profits deferred | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||||||||
| Amortization | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, pre-flooring | |||||||||||||||||
| Flooring impact, EOP | |||||||||||||||||
Balance, EOP, post-flooring | |||||||||||||||||
Less: Reinsurance recoverables | |||||||||||||||||
Balance after reinsurance recoverables, EOP, post-flooring | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||
Total balance after reinsurance recoverables, EOP | $ | ||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||
| Deferred Profit Liability | |||||||||||||||||
International Businesses | |||||||||||||||||
Retirement(1) | Total(1) | ||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Balance, BOP, post-flooring | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
Less: Flooring impact, BOP | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP, pre-flooring | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of actual variances from expected experience and other activity | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted balance, BOP | |||||||||||||||||
| Profits deferred | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||||||||
| Amortization | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | |||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, pre-flooring | |||||||||||||||||
| Flooring impact, EOP | |||||||||||||||||
Balance, EOP, post-flooring | |||||||||||||||||
Less: Reinsurance recoverables | |||||||||||||||||
Balance after reinsurance recoverables, EOP, post-flooring | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||
Total balance after reinsurance recoverables, EOP | $ | ||||||||||||||||
_________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
Additional Insurance Reserves
AIR represents the additional liability for annuitization, death, or other insurance benefits, including guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDB”) and guaranteed minimum income benefits (“GMIB”) contract features, that are above and beyond the contractholder’s account balance for certain long-duration life contracts.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The following table shows a rollforward of AIR balances for guaranteed universal life products within the U.S. Legacy Products segment, which is the only line of business that contains a material AIR balance, for the periods indicated, along with a reconciliation to the Company’s total AIR balance:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025(1) | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Balance, including amounts in AOCI, BOP, post-flooring | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Flooring impact and amounts in AOCI | |||||||||||
| Balance, excluding amounts in AOCI, BOP, pre-flooring | |||||||||||
| Effect of actual variances from expected experience and other activity | |||||||||||
| Adjusted balance, BOP | |||||||||||
Assessments collected(2) | |||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||
| Benefits paid | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Other adjustments | ( | ||||||||||
| Balance, excluding amounts in AOCI, EOP, pre-flooring | |||||||||||
| Flooring impact and amounts in AOCI | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Balance, including amounts in AOCI, EOP, post-flooring | |||||||||||
Less: Reinsurance recoverables | |||||||||||
Balance after reinsurance recoverables, including amounts in AOCI, EOP | |||||||||||
Other businesses(3) | |||||||||||
Total balance after reinsurance recoverables | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
(2)Represents the portion of gross assessments required to fund the future policy benefits.
(3)Reflects balance after reinsurance recoverables of $211 million and $146 million at March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025(1) | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average duration of the liability in years (at original discount rate) | |||||||||||
| Weighted-average interest rate (at original discount rate) | % | % | |||||||||
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
Future Policy Benefits Reconciliation
The following table presents the reconciliation of the ending balances from above rollforwards, Benefit Reserves, DPL, and AIR including other liabilities, gross of related reinsurance recoverable, to the total liability for Future Policy Benefits on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Benefit reserves, EOP, post-flooring | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Deferred Profit Liability EOP, post-flooring | |||||||||||
| Additional insurance reserves, including amounts in AOCI, EOP, post-flooring | |||||||||||
| Subtotal of amounts disclosed above | |||||||||||
| Other Future Policy Benefits reserves(1) | |||||||||||
| Total Future Policy Benefits | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Revenue and Interest Expense
The following tables present revenue and interest expense related to Benefit Reserves, DPL, and AIR in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations as of the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products | International Businesses | Other Businesses | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Term Life | Guaranteed Universal Life | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit reserves | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred profit liability | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additional insurance reserves | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products(2) | International Businesses | Other Businesses(2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(2) | Term Life | Guaranteed Universal Life | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit reserves | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred profit liability | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additional insurance reserves | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products | International Businesses | Other Businesses | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Term Life | Guaranteed Universal Life | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit reserves | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred profit liability | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additional insurance reserves | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products(2) | International Businesses | Other Businesses(2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(2) | Term Life | Guaranteed Universal Life | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit reserves | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred profit liability | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Additional insurance reserves | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Represents gross premiums for benefit reserves, gross premiums, excluding impact of foreign currency adjustments for DPL and gross assessments for AIR.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
(2)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
10. POLICYHOLDERS’ ACCOUNT BALANCES
The balances of and changes in policyholders’ account balances as of and for the periods ended are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group Insurance | Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products | International Businesses | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Life/Disability | Variable/Universal Life | Annuities | Guaranteed Universal Life | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest credited | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisitions and dispositions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy charges | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surrenders and withdrawals | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit payments | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net transfers (to) from separate account | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in market value and other adjustments(1) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed Block Division | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unearned revenue reserve, unearned expense credit, and additional interest reserve | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Policyholders’ account balance | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average crediting rate | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net amount at risk(3) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash surrender value(4) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group Insurance | Individual Life(5) | U.S. Legacy Products(5) | International Businesses | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(5) | Life/Disability | Variable/Universal Life | Annuities | Guaranteed Universal Life | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest credited | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisitions and Dispositions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy charges | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surrenders and withdrawals | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit payments | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net transfers (to) from separate account | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in market value and other adjustments(1) | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed Block Division | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unearned revenue reserve, unearned expense credit, and additional interest reserve | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Policyholders’ account balance | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average crediting rate | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net amount at risk(3) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash surrender value(4) | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Primarily relates to changes in the value of embedded derivative instruments associated with the indexed options of certain products.
(2)Includes $1,070 million and $5,040 million of the Full Service Retirement business’s account balances reinsured to Empower for March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
(3)The net amount at risk calculation includes both general account and separate account balances.
(4)Cash surrender value represents the amount of the contractholder’s account balances distributable at the balance sheet date less certain surrender charges.
(5)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
“Policyholders’ account balances” for Retirement, International Businesses and Corporate and Other includes the Company’s Funding Agreement-Backed Notes (“FABN”) and Funding Agreement-Backed Commercial Paper (“FACP”) programs, which totaled $9,867 million and $5,639 million at March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Under this program, which have maximum authorized amount of $15 billion of medium-term notes and $6 billion of commercial paper, Delaware statutory trusts issue short-term commercial paper and/or medium-term notes to investors that are secured by funding agreements issued to the trusts by The Prudential Insurance Company of America (“PICA”). The outstanding commercial paper and notes have fixed or floating interest rates that range from 0.0 5.6 % and original maturities ranging from two months ten years 6,193 million and $3,467 million, respectively, and short-term note liability of $3,145 million and $2,008 million, respectively, and Retail Note liability of $567 million and $187 million, respectively.
“Policyholders’ account balances” for Retirement also includes collateralized funding agreements issued to the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLBNY”) totaling $2,628 1.925 % to 4.510 % and original maturities of seven years .
The Company issues variable life and universal life insurance contracts which may also include a “no-lapse guarantee” where the Company contractually guarantees to the contractholder a death benefit even when the account value drops to zero, as long as the “no-lapse guarantee” premium is paid.
The net amount at risk is generally defined as the current death benefit in excess of the current account balance at the balance sheet date. The Company’s primary risk exposures for these contracts relates to actual deviations from, or changes to,
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products, including contractholder mortality, contract lapses, and premium pattern, as well as interest rate and equity market returns.
The Company also issues annuity contracts that provide certain death benefit and/or living benefit guarantees and are accounted for as MRBs. See Note 11 for additional information, including the net amount at risk associated with these guarantees.
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Table of Contents
PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The balance of account values by range of guaranteed minimum crediting rates and the related range of difference, in basis points (“bps”), between rates being credited to policyholders and the respective guaranteed minimums are as follows:
| March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rate(1) | At guaranteed minimum | Greater than | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group Insurance - Life / Disability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life - Variable / Universal Life | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products - Annuities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products - Guaranteed Universal Life | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International Businesses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Range of Guaranteed Minimum Crediting Rate(1) | At guaranteed minimum | Greater than | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group Insurance - Life / Disability | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Individual Life - Variable / Universal Life(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products - Annuities(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products - Guaranteed Universal Life(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
International Businesses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less than | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greater than | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Excludes contracts without minimum guaranteed crediting rates, such as funds with indexed-linked crediting options and Japan variable products.
(2)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Unearned Revenue Reserve (“URR”)
The balance of and changes in URR as of and for the periods ended are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Individual Life | U.S. Legacy Products | International Businesses | |||||||||||||||||||||
Variable/ Universal Life | Guaranteed Universal Life | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Unearned revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total unearned revenue reserve balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Individual Life(1) | U.S. Legacy Products(1) | International Businesses | |||||||||||||||||||||
Variable/ Universal Life | Guaranteed Universal Life | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Unearned revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization expense | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency adjustment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total unearned revenue reserve balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
11. MARKET RISK BENEFITS
The following tables show a rollforward for the lines of business that contain material MRB balances, along with a reconciliation to the Company’s total MRB balance:
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Annuities | ||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in NPR | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP, before effect of changes in NPR | |||||||||||||||||
| Attributed fees collected | |||||||||||||||||
| Claims paid | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||||||||
| Actual in force different from expected | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of changes in interest rates | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of changes in equity markets | |||||||||||||||||
| Issuances | |||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, before effect of changes in NPR | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in NPR | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | |||||||||||||||||
Less: Reinsured MRBs | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, net of reinsurance | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||
| Total net MRB balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025(1) | |||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Annuities | ||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in NPR | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Balance, BOP, before effect of changes in NPR | |||||||||||||||||
| Attributed fees collected | |||||||||||||||||
| Claims paid | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||
| Interest accrual | |||||||||||||||||
| Actual in force different from expected | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of changes in interest rates | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of changes in equity markets | |||||||||||||||||
| Issuances | |||||||||||||||||
Other adjustments(1) | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, before effect of changes in NPR | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of cumulative changes in NPR | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP | |||||||||||||||||
Less: Reinsured MRBs | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance, EOP, net of reinsurance | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||
| Other businesses | |||||||||||||||||
| Total net MRB balance | $ | ||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
_________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current presentation.
The Company issues certain variable annuity insurance contracts where the Company contractually guarantees to the contractholder a return of no less than (1) total deposits made to the contract adjusted for any partial withdrawals plus a minimum return, and/or (2) the highest anniversary contract value on a specified date adjusted for any withdrawals. These guarantees include benefits that are payable in the event of death, annuitization or at specified dates during the accumulation period and withdrawal and income benefits payable during specified periods.
The Company also issues indexed annuity contracts for which the return is tied to the return of specific indices where the Company contractually guarantees to the contractholder a return of no less than total deposits made to the contract adjusted for any partial withdrawals upon death. In certain of these indexed annuity contracts, the Company also contractually guarantees to the contractholder withdrawal benefits payable during specific periods.
For guarantees of benefits that are payable in the event of death, the net amount at risk is generally defined as the current guaranteed minimum death benefit in excess of the current account balance at the balance sheet date. The Company’s primary risk exposures for these contracts relates to actual deviations from, or changes to, the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products, including fixed income and equity market returns, contract lapses and contractholder mortality.
For guarantees of benefits that are payable at annuitization, the net amount at risk is generally defined as the present value of the minimum guaranteed annuity payments available to the contractholder determined in accordance with the terms of the contract in excess of the current account balance. The Company’s primary risk exposures for these contracts relates to actual deviations from, or changes to, the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products, including fixed income and equity market returns, timing of annuitization, contract lapses and contractholder mortality.
For guarantees of benefits that are payable at withdrawal, the net amount at risk is generally defined as the present value of the minimum guaranteed withdrawal payments available to the contractholder determined in accordance with the terms of the contract in excess of the current account balance.
For guarantees of accumulation balances, the net amount at risk is generally defined as the guaranteed minimum accumulation balance minus the current account balance. The Company’s primary risk exposures for these contracts relates to actual deviations from, or changes to, the assumptions used in the original pricing of these products, including equity market returns, interest rates, market volatility and contractholder behavior.
The following tables present accompanying information to the rollforward tables above.
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products | |||||||||||
Retirement | Annuities | ||||||||||
($ in millions) | |||||||||||
Net amount at risk(2) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Weighted-average attained age of contractholders | |||||||||||
March 31, 2025(1) | |||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products | |||||||||||
Retirement | Annuities | ||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||
Net amount at risk(2) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Weighted-average attained age of contractholders | |||||||||||
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
(2)For contracts with multiple benefit features, the highest net amount at risk for each contract is included.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The tables below reconcile MRB asset and liability positions as of the following dates:
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products | Other Businesses | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Annuities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MRB Assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MRB Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Liability | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, 2025(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products | Other Businesses | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement | Annuities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MRB Assets | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MRB Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Liability | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
_________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current presentation.
12. REINSURANCE
The Company regularly enters into third-party reinsurance agreements as either the ceding entity or the assuming entity. The Company also enters into affiliated reinsurance agreements as both the ceding and assuming entity for capital management purposes. As a ceding entity, exposure to the risks reinsured is reduced by transferring certain rights and obligations of the underlying insurance product to a counterparty. Conversely, as an assuming entity, exposure to the risks reinsured is increased by assuming certain rights and obligations of the underlying insurance products from a counterparty.
The Company enters into reinsurance agreements as the ceding entity for a variety of reasons, but primarily to reduce exposure to loss, reduce risk volatility, provide additional capacity for future growth, facilitate the disposition of a block of business, and for capital management purposes. Under ceded reinsurance, the Company remains liable to the underlying policyholder if a third-party reinsurer is unable to meet its obligations. To mitigate this exposure, the Company evaluates the financial condition of reinsurers, monitors the concentration of counterparty risk and maintains collateral, as appropriate.
The Company enters into reinsurance agreements as the assuming entity as part of the normal product offering process (e.g., certain pension risk transfer products in the Retirement business) or in order to facilitate an acquisition of a block of business.
Effective October 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with Wilton Reassurance Company and Wilton Reinsurance Bermuda Limited (collectively, “Wilton Re”) to reinsure certain guaranteed universal life policies issued by Pruco Life Insurance Company (“Pruco Life”) and Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (“PLNJ”), both of which are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Prudential Financial. The transaction is structured on a coinsurance basis and follows reinsurance accounting.
Effective January 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with Somerset Reinsurance Ltd. (“Somerset Re”) to reinsure certain guaranteed universal life policies issued by Pruco Life and PLNJ, both of which are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Prudential Financial. This transaction is structured on a modified coinsurance basis and follows reinsurance accounting. The reinsurance payables, which represent the Company’s obligations under the modified coinsurance arrangement, are netted with the reinsurance recoverables in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Separately, effective September 2019, Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation (“PALAC”), a previously wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, entered into an agreement with Somerset Re, to coinsure business, on a quota share funds withheld basis, related to fixed indexed annuities. This agreement was subsequently novated from PALAC to Pruco Life effective October 2021, in connection with the sale of PALAC effective April 2022. Under this reinsurance agreement, which is accounted for
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
under the deposit method of accounting, the Company cedes to Somerset Re its quota share of the insurance liabilities with respect to the reinsured contracts.
Effective September 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with Prismic Life Reinsurance, Ltd. (“Prismic Re”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prismic Life Holding Company LP (“Prismic”), to reinsure certain in-force structured settlement annuities business previously issued by PICA, 90 % of which is on a coinsurance with funds withheld basis and 10 % of which is on a coinsurance basis. The reinsurance of the structured settlement annuities that provide periodic payments for the lifetime of the annuitant follows reinsurance accounting. The reinsurance of structured settlement annuities that provide payments for a guaranteed period of time and do not include life contingency risk follows deposit accounting. Separately, effective March 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with Prismic Life Reinsurance International, Ltd. (“Prismic Re International”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prismic, to reinsure approximately $7 billion of reserves for certain USD-denominated Japanese whole life policies originated by the Company’s Japanese affiliates. The transaction is structured on a coinsurance basis and is accounted for under the deposit method of accounting as the reinsured policies do not include life contingency risk and are accounted for as investment contracts. See Note 20 for additional information regarding the Company’s transactions with Prismic.
Effective April 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with The Ohio National Life Insurance Company, now known as AuguStar, an affiliate of Constellation Insurance Holdings, Inc., to reinsure a portion of the PDI traditional variable annuity contracts with guaranteed living benefits issued by Pruco Life, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial. The Company ceded 100 % of separate account liabilities under modified coinsurance and 100 % of general account liabilities under coinsurance of its Pruco Life issued PDI traditional variable annuity contracts. The general account liabilities associated with PDI’s guaranteed living and death benefits and the corresponding reinsurance of those liabilities are accounted for as market risk benefits.
Effective April 2022, in connection with the sale of the Full Service Retirement business, the Company entered into separate agreements with external counterparties, Great-West and Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company of New York, now known as Empower Annuity Insurance Company of America and Empower Life & Annuity Insurance Company of New York (collectively, “Empower”), respectively, to reinsure a portion of its Full Service Retirement business. The Company ceded 100 % of separate account liabilities under modified coinsurance and 100 % of general account liabilities under coinsurance of its Full Service Retirement business. The Company’s Full Service Retirement business consists of market value and stable value separate accounts as well as general account products, including stable value accumulation funds and a stable value wrap product known as a synthetic guaranteed investment contract. The majority of these products are considered investment contracts as they do not contain significant insurance risk; therefore, the reinsurance of such products are accounted for under the deposit method of accounting. The reinsurance agreement offers the policyholders the opportunity to novate their contracts from the Company to Empower and any such novated contracts shall cease to be reinsured under this agreement.
Effective April 2022, in connection with the sale of the PALAC legal entity, now known as Fortitude Life Insurance and Annuity Company (“FLIAC”), the Company entered into a reinsurance agreement with FLIAC under which the Company assumed all of FLIAC’s indexed variable annuities under modified coinsurance. The reinsurance of the indexed variable annuities transfers all significant risks, including mortality risk, embedded in the reinsured contracts. As a result of the agreement, reinsurance recoverables includes the assumed modified coinsurance receivable, which reflects the value of the invested assets retained by FLIAC and the associated asset returns. The Company also assumed via coinsurance all of FLIAC’s fixed indexed annuities with a guaranteed lifetime withdrawal income feature, which are accounted for under the deposit method of accounting. The reinsurance agreement offers the policyholders the opportunity to novate their contracts from FLIAC to the Company and any such novated contracts shall cease to be reinsured under this agreement.
In January 2013, the Company acquired the Hartford Life Business through reinsurance transactions with three subsidiaries of Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (“Hartford Financial”). Under the related agreements, the Company provided reinsurance for approximately 700,000 life insurance policies with net retained face amount in force of approximately $141 billion. The Company acquired the general account business through a coinsurance arrangement and, for certain types of general account policies, a modified coinsurance arrangement. The Company acquired the separate account business through a modified coinsurance arrangement. In May 2018, Hartford Financial sold a group of operating subsidiaries, which included two of the Company’s counterparties to these reinsurance arrangements, to Talcott Resolution Life Insurance Company (“Talcott Resolution”). Talcott Resolution was acquired by Sixth Street in July 2021. There was no impact to the terms, rights or obligations of the Company, or operation of these reinsurance arrangements, as a result of these changes in control of such counterparties.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Since 2011, the Company has entered into a number of reinsurance agreements to assume pension liabilities in the United Kingdom. Under these arrangements, the Company assumes the longevity risk, and in some arrangements, also the investment risk associated with the pension benefits of certain specified beneficiaries. The Company also obtains collateral from its counterparties to mitigate counterparty default risk.
In 2006, the Company acquired the variable annuity business of The Allstate Corporation (“Allstate”) through a reinsurance transaction. The reinsurance arrangements with Allstate include a coinsurance arrangement associated with the general account liabilities assumed and a modified coinsurance arrangement associated with the separate account liabilities assumed. The reinsurance payables, which represent the Company’s obligations under the modified coinsurance arrangement, are netted with the reinsurance recoverables in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. During the fourth quarter of 2021, Allstate sold the two counterparties to the aforementioned variable annuity reinsurance transaction to third parties. There was no impact to the terms, rights or obligations of the Company, or operation of these reinsurance arrangements, as a result of this change in control of such counterparties.
For the domestic businesses, life and disability reinsurance is accomplished through various types of reinsurance, primarily yearly renewable term, per person excess, excess of loss, and coinsurance. On individual life policies sold since 2000, the Company has reinsured a significant portion of the mortality risk. Placement of reinsurance is accomplished primarily on an automatic basis with some specific risks reinsured on a facultative basis. The Company is authorized and has historically retained up to $30 million per life but reduced its operating retention limit to $20 million per life in 2013 and then down to $10 million per life for new business starting in 2020. Retention in excess of the operating limit is on an exception basis. The Company also uses ceded reinsurance on certain annuity contracts to reduce market sensitivity and mitigate mortality and longevity risks.
The international businesses primarily use reinsurance to obtain experience with respect to certain new product offerings and to a lesser extent, to mitigate mortality risk for certain protection products and for capital management purposes.
Reinsurance amounts included in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations for “Premiums,” “Policy charges and fee income,” “Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses),” “Policyholders’ benefits” and “Change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits,” are as follows:
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct premiums | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance assumed | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance ceded | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Premiums | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct policy charges and fee income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance assumed | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance ceded | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy charges and fee income | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance assumed | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance ceded | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Direct policyholders’ benefits | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance assumed | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance ceded | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ benefits | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Direct change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance assumed | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance ceded | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables are as follows:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables: | |||||||||||
| FLIAC | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Prismic Re(1) | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Individual and group annuities | |||||||||||
| Hartford Life Business(2) | |||||||||||
| Somerset Re(3) | |||||||||||
| Wilton Re | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Life insurance | |||||||||||
| Other reinsurance | |||||||||||
| Total reinsurance recoverables | |||||||||||
| Deposit receivables: | |||||||||||
| Somerset Re(4) | |||||||||||
| Empower | |||||||||||
| Prismic Re(1) | |||||||||||
| Prismic Re International | |||||||||||
| Resolution Re(5) | |||||||||||
| Other | |||||||||||
| Total deposit receivables | |||||||||||
| Total reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables(6) | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)The Company has also recorded funds withheld and other payables related to the reinsurance agreement with Prismic Re of $7,851 million and $7,980 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(2)The Company has also recorded reinsurance payables related to the Hartford Life Business acquisition of $1,352 million and $1,366 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(3)Represents reinsurance recoverables of $8,244 million and $8,192 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively that are netted with reinsurance payables of $6,486 million and $6,525 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, related to the reinsurance agreement with Somerset Re in which the Company reinsured a portion of its in-force guaranteed universal life block of business under modified coinsurance.
(4)The Company has also recorded funds withheld and other payables related to the reinsurance agreement with Somerset Re of $2,618 million and $2,602 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(5)The Company has also recorded funds withheld and other payables related to the reinsurance of annuity contracts in the Retirement business with Resolution Re, Ltd. (“Resolution Re”) of $1,166 million and $851 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(6)Net of $14
Excluding the reinsurance recoverables associated with the counterparties separately identified within the reinsurance recoverables table above, four major reinsurance companies account for approximately 61 % of the Company’s remaining reinsurance recoverables as of March 31, 2026. The Company periodically reviews the financial condition of its reinsurers, amounts recoverable therefrom, and unearned reinsurance premium, in order to reduce its exposure to loss from reinsurer insolvencies. Any expected credit losses are reflected in the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) allowance, after considering any collateral the Company obtained in the form of a trust, letter of credit, or funds withheld arrangement. See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 for additional details regarding CECL.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
13. CLOSED BLOCK
On December 18, 2001, the date of demutualization, The Prudential Insurance Company of America (“PICA”) established a closed block for certain in-force participating insurance policies and annuity products, along with corresponding assets used for the payment of benefits and policyholders’ dividends on these products, (collectively the “Closed Block”), and ceased offering these participating products. The recorded assets and liabilities were allocated to the Closed Block at their historical carrying amounts. The Closed Block forms the principal component of the Closed Block division. For additional information regarding the Closed Block, see Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company recognized a policyholder dividend obligation of $1,487 million and $1,635 million, respectively, to Closed Block policyholders for the excess of actual cumulative earnings over expected cumulative earnings. Additionally, accumulated net unrealized investment gains (losses) were reflected as a policyholder dividend obligation of $(1,407 ) million and $(1,064 ) million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, with a corresponding amount reported in AOCI.
As of March 31, 2026, the Closed Block has sufficient funds to make guaranteed policy benefit payments and there is no expectation that assets outside of the Closed Block will be needed to fund future payments. The excess of Closed Block liabilities over Closed Block assets as of the end of the reporting period shown in the table below is a reasonable measure of the margin in the reported liabilities compared to best estimate liabilities assuming the current dividend scale. Closed Block liabilities and assets designated to the Closed Block, as well as maximum future earnings to be recognized from these liabilities and assets, are as follows:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Closed Block liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Future policy benefits | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ dividends payable | ||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ dividend obligation | ||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances | ||||||||||||||
| Other Closed Block liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Total Closed Block liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Closed Block assets | ||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value | ||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value | ||||||||||||||
| Equity securities, at fair value | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | ||||||||||||||
| Policy loans | ||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | ||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | ||||||||||||||
| Total investments | ||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued investment income | ||||||||||||||
| Other Closed Block assets | ||||||||||||||
| Total Closed Block assets | ||||||||||||||
| Excess of reported Closed Block liabilities over Closed Block assets | ||||||||||||||
| Portion of above representing accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||||||||||
| Net unrealized investment gains (losses) | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Allocated to policyholder dividend obligation | ||||||||||||||
| Future earnings to be recognized from Closed Block assets and Closed Block liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Information regarding the policyholder dividend obligation is as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | ||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2025 | $ | |||||||
| Impact from earnings allocable to policyholder dividend obligation | ( | |||||||
| Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses) allocated to policyholder dividend obligation | ( | |||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2026 | $ | |||||||
Closed Block revenues and benefits and expenses are as follows for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Premiums | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (loss) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Closed Block revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits and Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ benefits | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends to policyholders | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Closed Block benefits and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed Block revenues, net of Closed Block benefits and expenses, before income taxes | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed Block revenues, net of Closed Block benefits and expenses and income taxes | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
14. INCOME TAXES
The Company uses a full-year projected effective tax rate approach to calculate year-to-date taxes. The projected effective tax rate is the ratio of projected “Total income tax expense” divided by projected “Income before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities.” In addition, certain items impacting total income tax expense are recorded in the periods in which they occur. In determining the year-to-date income tax provision, the Company considers the realizability of deferred tax assets, including those associated with unrealized investment losses, and has, where appropriate, reduced the deferred tax asset to that which is, more likely than not, expected to be realized. The Company has determined based upon the weight of available evidence that no valuation allowance is necessary related to unrealized investment losses. The interim period tax expense (or benefit) is the difference between the year-to-date income tax provision and the amounts reported for the previous interim periods of the fiscal year. Taxes attributable to joint ventures and other operating entities are recorded within “Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities, net of taxes.”
The Company’s income tax provision, on a consolidated basis, amounted to an income tax expense of $129 million, or 17.6 % of income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities, in the first three months of 2026, compared to an income tax expense of $207 million, or 22.5 %, in the first three months of 2025. The Company’s current and prior effective tax rates differ from the U.S. statutory rate of 21 % primarily due to non-taxable
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
investment income, tax credits, foreign earnings taxed at higher rates than the U.S. statutory rate, and the items discussed below.
Tax Law Change. In December 2023, the Government of Bermuda enacted a corporate income tax, which imposes a 15 % income tax, less applicable foreign tax credits, on companies that are organized or operate within Bermuda that are within the scope of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”) Pillar Two rules. The Bermuda corporate income tax is effective for tax years beginning on January 1, 2025. The Company intends to make an election to exclude the income of a Bermuda entity that is a controlled foreign corporation within the meaning of the U.S. tax rules from the Bermuda corporate income tax for fiscal years ending prior to January 1, 2027. Certain changes enacted in 2025 to the Bermuda corporate income tax provide for both foreign tax credits for controlled foreign company regime taxes imposed in respect of the income of Bermuda entities which may be claimed against Bermuda income tax liability as well as certain other tax credits. There is no impact on full-year projected effective tax rate in 2026 and 2025.
H.R.1, also referred to as the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” (the “Tax Act of 2025”), was enacted into law on July 4, 2025. The legislation introduces changes to the U.S. international tax regime, including a reduction in the Section 250 deduction for Net Controlled Foreign Corporation Tested Income (“NCTI” previously referred to as “GILTI”) from 50% to 40% beginning in 2026, resulting in an increase to the corporate tax rate on NCTI from 10.5% to 12.6%. The legislation also reduces the foreign tax credit haircut related to NCTI from 20% to 10% and makes changes to the related expense allocation.
In March 2025, Japan enacted a 4% Special Defense Corporation Tax, effective for tax years beginning on or after April 1, 2026, that raises the corporate income tax rate for the Company’s Japan insurance companies from 28.00 % to 28.93 %. As a result, a tax expense of approximately $36 million was reflected in the financial statements for the first quarter of 2025.
NCTI. The NCTI provision applies a minimum U.S. tax to earnings of consolidated foreign subsidiaries by imposing the U.S. tax rate to 50% of earnings in 2025 and of earnings beginning in 2026 of such foreign affiliates and provides for a partial foreign tax credit for foreign income taxes. In years that the PFI consolidated federal income tax return reports a net operating loss or has a loss attributable to U.S. sources of operations, including as a result of loss carrybacks, the NCTI provision would limit the amount of deductions or credits permissible against NCTI.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
15. SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM DEBT
Short-term Debt
The table below presents the Company’s short-term debt as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||
| Commercial paper: | |||||||||||
| Prudential Financial | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Prudential Funding, LLC | |||||||||||
| Subtotal commercial paper | |||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt: | |||||||||||
Senior notes | |||||||||||
| Mortgage debt | |||||||||||
| Subtotal current portion of long-term debt | |||||||||||
| Subtotal | |||||||||||
Less: assets under set-off arrangements | |||||||||||
Total short-term debt(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental short-term debt information: | |||||||||||
| Portion of commercial paper borrowings due overnight | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Daily average commercial paper outstanding for the quarter ended | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Weighted average maturity of outstanding commercial paper, in days | |||||||||||
| Weighted average interest rate on outstanding commercial paper | % | % | |||||||||
__________
(1)Includes Prudential Financial debt of $61 million and $561 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
Prudential Financial and certain subsidiaries have access to external sources of liquidity, including membership in the FHLBNY, a funding agreement facility with the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (“Farmer Mac”), commercial paper programs and contingent financing facilities in the form of facility agreements. The Company also maintains syndicated, unsecured committed credit facilities as an alternative source of liquidity. At March 31, 2026, no amounts were drawn on these syndicated, unsecured committed credit facilities. For additional information regarding these sources of liquidity, see Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Long-term Debt
The table below presents the Company’s long-term debt as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Fixed-rate obligations: | |||||||||||
Surplus notes subject to set-off arrangements(1)(2) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Senior notes | |||||||||||
Mortgage debt(3) | |||||||||||
| Floating-rate obligations: | |||||||||||
| Line of credit | |||||||||||
Mortgage debt(3) | |||||||||||
Junior subordinated notes(4) | |||||||||||
| Subtotal | |||||||||||
| Less: assets under set-off arrangements(1) | |||||||||||
Total long-term debt(5) | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)The surplus notes have corresponding assets where rights to set-off exist, thereby reducing the amount of surplus notes included in long-term debt.
(2)Amount includes $7.6 billion of surplus notes used to finance Guideline AXXX reserves for business reinsured to Somerset Re in March 2024. See Note 12 for additional information.
(3)Includes $182 million and $184 million of debt denominated in foreign currency at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(4)Includes Prudential Financial debt of $7,557 million and $7,555 million at March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, respectively. Also includes subsidiary debt of $39 million and $40 million denominated in foreign currency at March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, respectively.
(5)Includes Prudential Financial debt of $18,441 million and $18,378 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants related to the borrowings in the table above.
In December 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with an external counterparty that allows for the issuance by PICA of up to $500 million in principal amount of surplus notes in return for a corresponding amount of credit-linked notes issued by a special-purpose wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. As of March 31, 2026, $381 million in principal amount of these surplus notes and credit-linked notes were outstanding. The surplus notes and credit-linked notes eliminate upon consolidation and are not reflected in the Company’s financial statements nor in the table above.
PICA holds these credit-linked notes as assets supporting statutory requirements and can redeem the principal amount of these outstanding credit-linked notes for cash upon the occurrence of specified liquidity stress events affecting PICA. Under the agreement, the external counterparty has agreed to fund any such payments under these credit-linked notes in return for the receipt of fees. To date, no such payments under these credit-linked notes have been required.
Senior Notes
In August 2024, the Company recommenced sales of InterNotes® Retail Notes under its shelf registration statement. These notes support the Company’s Retirement business through the purchase of funding agreements on which the segment will earn investment spread. As of March 31, 2026, the outstanding balance of the InterNotes® Retail Notes was $785 million of which $556 million was utilized for Retirement, as described above and $229 million were used for general corporate purposes.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
16. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Pension and Other Postretirement Plans
The Company has funded and non-funded non-contributory defined benefit pension plans (“Pension Benefits”), which cover substantially all of its employees. For some employees, benefits are based on final average earnings and length of service (the “traditional formula”), while benefits for other employees are based on an account balance that takes into consideration age, length of service and earnings during their career (the “cash balance formula”).
The Company provides certain health care and life insurance benefits for its retired employees, their beneficiaries and covered dependents (“Other Postretirement Benefits”). The health care plan is contributory; the life insurance plan is non-contributory. Substantially all of the Company’s U.S. employees may become eligible to receive certain other postretirement benefits if they retire after age 55 with at least 10 years of service or under certain circumstances after age 50 with at least 20 years of continuous service.
Net periodic (benefit) cost included in “General and administrative expenses” includes the following components:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension Benefits | Other Postretirement Benefits | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Components of net periodic (benefit) cost: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Service cost | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest cost | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expected return on plan assets | ( | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of prior service cost | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss, net | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlements | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net periodic (benefit) cost | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||
17. EQUITY
The changes in the number of shares of Common Stock issued, held in treasury and outstanding, are as follows for the periods indicated:
| Common Stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issued | Held In Treasury | Outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock issued | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock acquired | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation programs(1) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Represents net shares issued from treasury pursuant to the Company’s stock-based compensation programs.
In December 2025, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized the Company to repurchase at management’s discretion up to $1.0 billion of its outstanding Common Stock during the period from January 1, 2026 through December 31, 2026. As of March 31, 2026, 2.4 million shares of the Company’s Common Stock were repurchased under this authorization at a total cost of $250 million.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The timing and amount of share repurchases are determined by management based upon market conditions and other considerations, and such repurchases may be executed in the open market, through derivative, accelerated repurchase and other negotiated transactions and through plans complying with Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), as amended. Numerous factors could affect the timing and amount of any future repurchases under the share repurchase authorization, including, but not limited to: compliance with laws, increased capital needs of the Company due to changes in regulatory capital requirements, opportunities for growth and acquisitions, and the effect of adverse market conditions.
Dividends declared per share of Common Stock are as follows for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends declared per share of Common Stock | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
AOCI represents the cumulative OCI items that are reported separate from net income and detailed on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The balance of and changes in each component of AOCI as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, are as follows:
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment | Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)(1) | Interest rate remeasurement of Liability for Future Policy Benefits | Gains (Losses) from Changes in Non-performance Risk on Market Risk Benefits | Pension and Postretirement Unrecognized Net Periodic Benefit (Cost) | Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2025 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in OCI before reclassifications | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from AOCI | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2026 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment | Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)(1) | Interest rate remeasurement of Liability for Future Policy Benefits | Gains (Losses) from Changes in Non-performance Risk on Market Risk Benefits | Pension and Postretirement Unrecognized Net Periodic Benefit (Cost) | Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2024 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in OCI before reclassifications | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from AOCI | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2025 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Affected line item in Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amounts reclassified from AOCI(1)(2): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | $ | $ | Realized investment gains (losses), net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | Other income (loss) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total foreign currency translation adjustment | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net unrealized investment gains (losses): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flow hedges—Interest rate | ( | ( | (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flow hedges—Currency | ( | (3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flow hedges—Currency/Interest rate | ( | (3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair value hedges—Currency | ( | ( | (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities | ( | ( | Realized investment gains (losses), net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net unrealized investment gains (losses) | ( | ( | (4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of defined benefit items: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prior service cost | (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Actuarial gain (loss) | ( | ( | (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total amortization of defined benefit items | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total reclassifications for the period | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)All amounts are shown before tax.
(2)Positive amounts indicate gains/benefits reclassified out of AOCI. Negative amounts indicate losses/costs reclassified out of AOCI.
(3)See Note 5 for additional information regarding cash flow and fair value hedges.
(4)See table below for additional information regarding unrealized investment gains (losses), including the impact on deferred policy acquisition and other costs, future policy benefits and policyholders’ dividends.
(5)See Note 16 for additional information regarding employee benefit plans.
Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale fixed maturity securities and certain other invested assets and other assets are included in the Company’s Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as a component of AOCI. Changes in these amounts include reclassification adjustments to exclude from “Other comprehensive income (loss)” those items that are included as part of “Net income (loss)” for a period that had been part of “Other comprehensive income (loss)” in earlier periods. The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to available-for-sale fixed maturity securities on which an allowance for credit losses has been recorded, and all other net unrealized investment gains (losses), are as follows:
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity Securities on Which an Allowance for Credit Losses has been Recorded | Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on All Other Investments(1) | Reinsurance Recoverables | Future Policy Benefits, Policyholders’ Account Balances and Reinsurance Payables | Policyholders’ Dividends | Income Tax Benefit (Expense) | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Related to Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2025 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reclassification due to allowance for credit losses recorded during the period | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, March 31, 2026 | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
18. EARNINGS PER SHARE
A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted per share computations of Common Stock based on the consolidated earnings of Prudential Financial for the periods indicated is as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income | Weighted Average Shares | Per Share Amount | Income | Weighted Average Shares | Per Share Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per share | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial available to holders of Common Stock | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities and compensation programs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Add: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards—Basic | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards—Diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock options | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred and long-term compensation programs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial available to holders of Common Stock | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends are participating securities and included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method. Under this method, earnings attributable to Prudential Financial are allocated between Common Stock and the participating awards, as if the awards were a second class of stock. During periods of net income available to holders of Common Stock, the calculation of earnings per share excludes the income attributable to participating securities in the numerator and the dilutive impact of these securities from the denominator. In the event of a net loss available to holders of Common Stock, undistributed earnings are not allocated to participating securities and the denominator excludes the dilutive impact of these securities as they do not share in the losses of the Company. Undistributed earnings allocated to participating unvested share-based payment awards for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, as applicable, were based on 4.1 million and 4.0 million of such awards, respectively, weighted for the period they were outstanding.
Stock options and shares related to deferred and long-term compensation programs that are considered antidilutive are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share. Stock options are considered antidilutive based on application of the treasury stock method or in the event of a net loss available to holders of Common Stock. Shares related to deferred and long-term compensation programs are considered antidilutive in the event of a net loss available to holders of Common Stock. For the periods indicated, the number of stock options and shares related to deferred and long-term compensation programs that were considered antidilutive and were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share, weighted for the portion of the period they were outstanding, are as follows:
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Exercise Price Per Share | Shares | Exercise Price Per Share | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share amounts, based on weighted average) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Antidilutive stock options based on application of the treasury stock method | $ | N/A | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Antidilutive stock options due to net loss available to holders of Common Stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Antidilutive shares based on application of the treasury stock method | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Antidilutive shares due to net loss available to holders of Common Stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total antidilutive stock options and shares | |||||||||||||||||||||||
19. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Segments
Effective January 1, 2026, the Company made the following segment reporting changes to isolate the impacts of certain discontinued products that were previously commingled with the results of actively sold products that more closely reflect the Company’s strategic focus. These changes are consistent with the Company’s recent organizational changes and strategy and reflect how the CODM assesses performance and allocates resources:
•“U.S. Legacy Products” segment: (i) traditional variable annuities with guaranteed living benefit riders and certain other annuity products, previously included in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment, and (ii) guaranteed universal life policies, previously included in the Individual Life segment, have been combined into a new reportable segment named “U.S. Legacy Products.” This segment represents run-off blocks of business consisting of products that are no longer being sold in U.S. markets and will be managed with a focus on reducing risk and optimizing value.
•“Retirement” segment: The blocks of business in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment that were not moved into the U.S. Legacy Products segment, discussed above, consisting primarily of registered index-linked annuity and fixed annuity products, and the products previously included in the former Institutional Retirement Strategies segment have been combined into a new reportable segment named “Retirement.” This combined segment better represents the Company’s strategic management, growth trajectory, and resource allocation policies.
•“Individual Life” segment: There were no other impacts to this segment other than the transfer of the guaranteed universal life policies, discussed above. The remaining blocks of business contained within this segment primarily consist of term, indexed universal life, and variable universal life products.
These segment reporting changes are being applied retrospectively and do not have an impact on any of the Company’s previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company’s principal operations now consist of PGIM (the Company’s global investment management business), the U.S. Businesses (consisting of Retirement, Group Insurance, Individual Life and U.S. Legacy Products), the International Businesses, the Closed Block division, and the Company’s Corporate and Other operations. The Closed Block division is accounted for as a divested business that is reported separately from the Divested and Run-off Businesses that are included in Corporate and Other operations. Divested and Run-off Businesses consist of businesses that have been, or will be, sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind-down status that do not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. The Company’s Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments, as well as the Divested and Run-off Businesses described above. For additional information regarding these segments, see Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Segment Accounting Policies. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. Results for each segment include earnings on attributed equity established at a level which management considers necessary to support each segment’s risks. Operating expenses specifically identifiable to a particular segment are allocated to that segment as incurred. Operating expenses not identifiable to a specific segment that are incurred in connection with the generation of segment revenues are generally allocated using a proportional allocation measure such as headcount, segment-level support or other financial measures.
Adjusted Operating Income
The Company analyzes the operating performance of each segment using “adjusted operating income.” Adjusted operating income does not equate to “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities” or “Net income (loss)” as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP but is the measure of segment profit or loss used by the chief executive officer, who is the Company’s CODM, and is the measure of segment performance presented below. The CODM uses adjusted operating income to (1) evaluate segment performance; (2) allocate resources and capital, predominantly during the annual budgeting and planning processes; and (3) consider variances to pre-established targets during the compensation process. Adjusted operating income is not a substitute for income determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and the Company’s definition of adjusted operating income may differ from that used by other companies. The Company, however, believes that the presentation of adjusted operating income as measured for management purposes enhances the understanding of results of operations by highlighting the results from ongoing operations and the underlying profitability factors of its businesses.
Adjusted operating income is calculated by adjusting each segment’s “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities” for the following items, which are important to an understanding of overall results of operations:
•Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments;
•Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses);
•Market experience updates;
•Divested and Run-off Businesses;
•Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests; and
•Other adjustments.
In addition, under U.S. GAAP, policyholder liabilities associated with fixed and variable indexed annuity products included in the Company’s Retirement segment are recorded in “Policyholders’ account balances,” and include both the contract value that has accrued to the benefit of the policyholder and the fair value of embedded derivative instruments associated with the index-linked features for these products. The change in the liability for these products is measured utilizing a valuation methodology required under U.S GAAP and includes the fair value of all index credits for the current term and future projected renewals of the policy. For the purpose of measuring segment performance, however, adjusted operating income reflects only the change in the liability associated with the current term elected by the policyholder, which is the component of the liability the Company hedges based on current contractual index-crediting terms, and which is offset by the change in the value of the corresponding hedge assets. Adjusted operating income excludes the change in the liability associated with all future projected renewals the Company does not hedge, consistent with the Company and policyholder optionality that exists at renewal. This adjustment is included in “Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments,” as listed above.
For additional information regarding these reconciling items, see Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Reconciliation of select financial information
The tables below present certain financial information that is regularly provided to the CODM for the Company’s segments , including revenues and significant benefits and expenses, on an adjusted operating income basis, as well as assets by segment, and the reconciliation of the segment totals to amounts reported in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Select revenues and significant benefits and expenses, on an adjusted operating income basis, by segment | PGIM | Retirement (1) | Group Insurance | Individual Life(1) | U.S. Legacy Products (1) | International Businesses | Corporate and Other(3) | Total Adjusted Operating Income | Total Reconciling Items | Total GAAP Revenues and Pre-tax Income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Policy charges and fee income | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset management fees, commissions and other income | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefits and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders’ benefits | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferral of acquisition costs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of DAC | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses(4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable expenses(4) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other benefits and expenses(5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total benefits and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total pre-tax income | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reconciling items: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market experience updates | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Divested and Run-off Businesses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed Block division | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Divested and Run-off Businesses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total reconciling items | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total GAAP pre-tax income(6) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Select revenues and significant benefits and expenses, on an adjusted operating income basis, by segment | PGIM | Retirement (1)(2) | Group Insurance | Individual Life(1)(2) | U.S. Legacy Products (1)(2) | International Businesses | Corporate and Other(3) | Total Adjusted Operating Income | Total Reconciling Items | Total GAAP Revenues and Pre-tax Income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Policy charges and fee income | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset management fees, commissions and other income | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefits and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders’ benefits | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferral of acquisition costs | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of DAC | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses(4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable expenses(4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other benefits and expenses(5) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total benefits and expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total pre-tax income | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reconciling items: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market experience updates | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Divested and Run-off Businesses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed Block division | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Divested and Run-off Businesses | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total reconciling items | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total GAAP pre-tax income(6) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)The Retirement, Individual Life and U.S. Legacy Products segments’ results reflect DAC as if the business is a stand-alone operation. The elimination of intersegment costs capitalized in accordance with this policy is included in consolidating adjustments within Corporate and Other operations.
(2)Reflects the segment reporting changes effective in the first quarter of 2026, as discussed above. Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
(3)Corporate and Other operations, through Prudential Advisors, generates fee revenues from the sale and distribution of certain insurance, annuity and investment products offered by Prudential and third parties.
(4)“Operating expenses” includes amounts related to salaries, employee benefits, occupancy, technology, consulting, external and contracted services, legal, corporate charges, costs for initiatives, and other miscellaneous expenses. “Variable expenses” includes commissions, certain compensation related to levels of investment performance, premium taxes and other fees related to sales of certain insurance and investment products.
(5)“Other benefits and expenses” primarily includes: (i) the change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits, which can be either positive or negative, for Retirement, Individual Life, U.S. Legacy Products and International Businesses; (ii) dividends to policyholders for Individual Life and International Businesses, which are included in adjusted operating income; and (iii) dividends to policyholders in the Closed Block Division, which are not included in adjusted operating income.
(6)Reflects “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities.”
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Assets by segment: | |||||||||||
| PGIM | $ | $ | |||||||||
| U.S. Businesses: | |||||||||||
| Retirement(1) | |||||||||||
| Group Insurance | |||||||||||
Individual Life(1) | |||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products(1) | |||||||||||
Total U.S. Businesses(1) | |||||||||||
| International Businesses | |||||||||||
Corporate and Other(1) | |||||||||||
| Closed Block division | |||||||||||
Total Assets per Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements | $ | $ | |||||||||
(1)Reflects the segment reporting changes effective in the first quarter of 2026, as discussed above. Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
Intersegment revenues
Management has determined the intersegment revenues with reference to market rates. Intersegment revenues are eliminated within consolidation in Corporate and Other operations. The PGIM segment revenues include intersegment revenues, primarily consisting of asset-based management and administration fees, as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PGIM segment intersegment revenues | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Segments may also enter into internal derivative contracts with other segments. For adjusted operating income, each segment accounts for the internal derivative results consistent with the manner in which that segment accounts for other similar external derivatives.
Asset management and service fees
The table below presents asset management and service fees, predominantly related to investment management activities, for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-based management fees | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Performance-based incentive fees | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other fees | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total asset management and service fees | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
20. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In September 2023, the Company invested approximately $200 million in Prismic, a Bermuda-exempted limited partnership that owns all of the outstanding capital stock of Prismic Re, a licensed Bermuda-based life and annuity reinsurance company. Also in September 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with Prismic Re to reinsure approximately $9 billion of reserves for certain structured settlement annuity contracts issued by PICA, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial. Separately, the Company, through PGIM, entered into an investment management agreement with Prismic to manage a large portion of Prismic Re’s assets.
In March 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with Prismic Re International, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prismic, to reinsure approximately $7 billion of reserves for certain USD-denominated Japanese whole life policies originated by the Company’s Japanese affiliates. In connection with this transaction, the Company invested an additional $103 million in Prismic. PGIM also provides investment management services on a large portion of Prismic Re International’s assets.
In October 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with Prismic Re, to reinsure certain fixed annuity new business contracts issued by Pruco Life, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial, on or after October 1, 2025.
In April 2026, the Company entered into an agreement with Prismic Re International, to reinsure certain USD-denominated and Multi-Currency Japanese whole life policies originated by the Company’s Japanese affiliates, on or after April 1, 2026.
As of March 31, 2026, the Company’s ownership in Prismic is approximately 20 % and the carrying value of the Company’s investment is approximately $200 million. As the investment in Prismic is accounted for under the equity method, Prismic, Prismic Re and Prismic Re International are considered related parties. The following tables summarize the impacts to the Company’s financial statements related to the agreements that the Company entered with Prismic and its subsidiaries.
The related party balances with Prismic and its subsidiaries impacted the Company’s balance sheet as of the periods indicated as follows:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | $ | $ | |||||||||
Other assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
Reinsurance and funds withheld payables (includes $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
The Company has guaranteed the obligations of Prismic and its subsidiaries on letters of credit they may obtain from third-party financial institutions to support their contractual obligations for a total amount up to $2.0 80 million, 10 -year contingent debt facility, where the Company may be required to purchase subordinated debt from certain subsidiaries of Prismic in the event their capital ratio falls below a predetermined level. In November 2025, the Company committed $320 million of additional capital, intended to fund future transactions executed by Prismic, that is required to be fully funded by the end of the second quarter of 2027. This commitment is part of a broader capital commitment, involving third-party investors in Prismic, and will allow the Company to retain its approximately 20 % equity ownership in Prismic. See Note 21 for additional information on the Company’s guarantees and commitments.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The related party activity with Prismic and its subsidiaries impacted the Company’s results of operations and cash flows for the periods indicated as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Asset management and service fees | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains(losses), net | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders’ benefits | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from related parties, before income taxes | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total comprehensive income (loss), before tax | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
Realized investment (gains) losses, net | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||
Change in: | |||||||||||
Deferred policy acquisition costs | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
Reinsurance related-balances | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
| Other, net | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||
| Other, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
See the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for information regarding significant non-cash transactions with Prismic and its subsidiaries.
21. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Commitments and Guarantees
Commercial Mortgage Loan Commitments
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Total outstanding mortgage loan commitments | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Portion of commitment where prearrangement to sell to investor exists | $ | $ | |||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The Company originates commercial mortgage loans as part of its commercial mortgage operations. Commitments for loans that will be held for sale are recognized as derivatives and recorded at fair value. In certain of these transactions, the Company prearranges that it will sell the loan to an investor, including to government sponsored entities as discussed below, after the Company funds the loan. The above amount includes unfunded commitments that are not unconditionally cancellable. For related credit exposure, there was an allowance for credit losses of $5 0
Commitments to Purchase Investments (excluding Commercial Mortgage Loans)
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Expected to be funded from the general account and other operations outside the separate accounts | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Expected to be funded from separate accounts | $ | $ | |||||||||
The Company has other commitments to purchase or fund investments, some of which are contingent upon events or circumstances not under the Company’s control, including those at the discretion of the Company’s counterparties. The Company anticipates a portion of these commitments will ultimately be funded from its separate accounts. The above amount includes unfunded commitments that are not unconditionally cancellable. There were no 320 million to Prismic Re, intended to fund future transactions executed by Prismic, that is required to be fully funded by the end of the second quarter of 2027. See Note 24 for additional information regarding the related party relationship between the Company and Prismic Re.
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Indemnification provided to certain clients for securities lending and securities repurchase transactions(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
Fair value of related collateral associated with above indemnifications(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued liability associated with guarantee | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)Includes $0
In the normal course of business, the Company may facilitate securities lending or securities repurchase transactions on behalf of certain client accounts (collectively, “the accounts”). In certain of these arrangements, the Company has provided an indemnification to the accounts to hold them harmless against losses caused by counterparty (i.e., borrower) defaults associated with such transactions facilitated by the Company. In securities lending transactions, collateral is provided by the counterparty to the accounts at the inception of the transaction in an amount at least equal to 102 % of the fair value of the loaned securities and the collateral is maintained daily to equal at least 102 % of the fair value of the loaned securities. In securities repurchase transactions, collateral is provided by the counterparty to the accounts at the inception of the transaction in an amount at least equal to 95 % of the fair value of the securities subject to repurchase and the collateral is maintained daily to equal at least 95 % of the fair value of the securities subject to repurchase. The Company is only at risk if the counterparty to the transaction defaults and the value of the collateral held is less than the value of the securities loaned to, or subject to repurchase from, such counterparty. The Company believes the possibility of any payments under these indemnities is remote.
Credit Derivatives Written
As discussed further in Note 5, the Company writes credit derivatives under which the Company is obligated to pay the counterparty the referenced amount of the contract and receive in return the defaulted security or similar security.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
Guarantees of Asset Values
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Guaranteed value of third-parties’ assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Fair value of collateral supporting these assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Asset (liability) associated with guarantee, carried at fair value | $ | $ | |||||||||
Certain contracts underwritten by the Retirement segment include guarantees related to financial assets owned by the guaranteed party. These contracts are accounted for as derivatives and carried at fair value. The collateral supporting these guarantees is not reflected on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.
Indemnification of Serviced Mortgage Loans
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Maximum exposure under indemnification agreements for mortgage loans serviced by the Company | $ | $ | |||||||||
| First-loss exposure portion of above | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued liability associated with guarantees(1) | $ | $ | |||||||||
__________
(1)The accrued liability associated with guarantees includes an allowance for credit losses of $10 million and $11 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The change in allowance was $1 million and $0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
As part of the commercial mortgage activities of the Company’s PGIM segment, the Company provides commercial mortgage origination, underwriting and servicing for certain government sponsored entities, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The Company has agreed to indemnify the government sponsored entities for a portion of the credit risk associated with certain of the mortgages it services through a delegated authority arrangement. Under these arrangements, the Company originates multi-family mortgages for sale to the government sponsored entities based on underwriting standards they specify, and makes payments to them for a specified percentage share of losses they incur on certain loans serviced by the Company. The Company’s percentage share of losses incurred generally varies from 4 % to 20 % of the loan balance, and is typically based on a first-loss exposure for a stated percentage of the loan balance, plus a shared exposure with the government sponsored entity for any losses in excess of the stated first-loss percentage, subject to a contractually specified maximum percentage. The Company determines the liability related to this exposure using historical loss experience, and the size and remaining life of the asset. The Company serviced $29,126 million and $28,275 million of mortgages subject to these loss-sharing arrangements as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, all of which are collateralized by first priority liens on the underlying multi-family residential properties. As of March 31, 2026, these mortgages had a weighted-average debt service coverage ratio of 1.95 times and a weighted-average loan-to-value ratio of 63 %. As of December 31, 2025, these mortgages had a weighted-average debt service coverage ratio of 1.93 times and a weighted-average loan-to-value ratio of 62 %. The Company had no
Other Guarantees
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Other guarantees where amount can be determined | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued liability for other guarantees and indemnifications | $ | $ | |||||||||
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The Company is also subject to other financial guarantees and indemnity arrangements. The Company has provided indemnities and guarantees related to acquisitions, dispositions, investments and other transactions that are triggered by, among other things, breaches of representations, warranties or covenants provided by the Company. These obligations are typically subject to various time limitations, defined by the contract or by operation of law, such as statutes of limitation. In some cases, the maximum potential obligation is subject to contractual limitations, while in other cases such limitations are not specified or applicable. This includes guarantees issued on $1.5 billion of standby committed letters of credit and $0.5 billion of standby uncommitted letters of credit that may be obtained by Prismic Re from third-party financial institutions to support collateral requirements under certain reinsurance arrangements. As of March 31, 2026, no letters of credit have been issued, and the likelihood of them being drawn upon is remote. The guarantees are renewable on an annual basis. The current value of the guarantees is estimated to be immaterial. See Note 20 for additional information on the related party relationship between the Company and Prismic Re and Note 12 for additional information on the Company’s reinsurance transactions.
Since certain of these obligations are not subject to limitations, it is not possible to determine the maximum potential amount due under these guarantees. The accrued liability identified above relates to the sale of The Prudential Life Insurance Company of Taiwan Inc. (“POT”) and represents a financial guarantee of certain insurance obligations of POT.
Contingent Liabilities
On an ongoing basis, the Company and its regulators review its operations including, but not limited to, sales and other customer interface procedures and practices, and procedures for meeting obligations to its customers and other parties. These reviews may result in the modification or enhancement of processes or the imposition of other action plans, including concerning management oversight, sales and other customer interface procedures and practices, and the timing or computation of payments to customers and other parties. In certain cases, if appropriate, the Company may offer customers or other parties remediation and may incur charges, including the cost of such remediation, administrative costs and regulatory fines.
The Company is subject to the laws and regulations of states and other jurisdictions concerning the identification, reporting and escheatment of unclaimed or abandoned funds, and is subject to audit and examination for compliance with these requirements.
It is possible that the results of operations or the cash flow of the Company in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected as a result of payments in connection with the matters discussed above or other matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flow for such period. Management believes, however, that ultimate payments in connection with these matters, after consideration of applicable reserves and rights to indemnification, should not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position.
Litigation and Regulatory Matters
The Company is subject to legal and regulatory actions in the ordinary course of its businesses. Pending legal and regulatory actions include proceedings relating to aspects of the Company’s businesses and operations that are specific to it and proceedings that are typical of the businesses in which it operates, including in both cases businesses that have been either divested or placed in wind-down status. Some of these proceedings have been brought on behalf of various alleged classes of complainants. In certain of these matters, the plaintiffs are seeking large and/or indeterminate amounts, including punitive or exemplary damages. The outcome of litigation or a regulatory matter, and the amount or range of potential loss at any particular time, is often inherently uncertain.
The Company establishes accruals for litigation and regulatory matters when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of that loss can be reasonably estimated. For litigation and regulatory matters where a loss may be reasonably possible, but not probable, or is probable but not reasonably estimable, no accrual is established but the matter, if potentially material, is disclosed, including matters discussed below. The Company estimates that as of March 31, 2026, the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses in excess of accruals established for those litigation and regulatory matters for which such an estimate currently can be made is less than $250 million. Any estimate is not an indication of expected loss, if any, or the Company’s maximum possible loss exposure on such matters. The Company reviews relevant information with respect to its litigation and regulatory matters on a quarterly and annual basis and updates its accruals, disclosures and estimates of reasonably possible loss based on such reviews.
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PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC.
Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements—(Continued)
The following discussion of litigation and regulatory matters provides an update of those matters discussed in Note 25 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, and should be read in conjunction with the complete descriptions provided in the Form 10-K.
Other Matters
Cho v. PICA, et al.
This matter is now closed.
Optimum Communications, Inc., et al. v. Apollo Capital Management, L.P., et al.
In February 2026, plaintiff filed an amended complaint adding a claim for tortious interference with contract against all defendants. In March 2026, defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint.
Regulatory
Prudential of Japan Matter
In April 2026, the Company voluntarily extended the new sales suspension for an additional 180 days through November 5, 2026. The Japan Financial Services Agency (“FSA”) is conducting onsite inspections of Prudential of Japan and Prudential Holdings of Japan. The Company is continuing to engage with the FSA and is reporting progress to the FSA on an ongoing basis.
Summary
The Company’s litigation and regulatory matters are subject to many uncertainties, and given their complexity and scope, their outcome cannot be predicted. It is possible that the Company’s results of operations or cash flow in a particular quarterly or annual period could be materially affected by an ultimate unfavorable resolution of pending litigation and regulatory matters depending, in part, upon the results of operations or cash flow for such period. In light of the unpredictability of the Company’s litigation and regulatory matters, it is also possible that in certain cases an ultimate unfavorable resolution of one or more pending litigation or regulatory matters could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial statements. Management believes, however, that, based on information currently known to it, the ultimate outcome of all pending litigation and regulatory matters, after consideration of applicable reserves and rights to indemnification, is not likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial statements.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | |||||
Introduction | 95 | ||||
Executive Summary | 96 | ||||
Company Overview | 96 | ||||
External and Economic Factors | 97 | ||||
Impact of Changes in the Interest Rate Environment | 97 | ||||
Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates | 97 | ||||
Results of Operations | 100 | ||||
Consolidated Results of Operations | 100 | ||||
Segment Results of Operations | 101 | ||||
Segment Measures | 103 | ||||
Results of Operations by Segment | 104 | ||||
PGIM | 104 | ||||
Retirement | 108 | ||||
Group Insurance | 111 | ||||
Individual Life | 112 | ||||
U.S. Legacy Products | 114 | ||||
International Businesses | 117 | ||||
Corporate and Other | 120 | ||||
Divested and Run-off Businesses | 121 | ||||
Closed Block Division | 121 | ||||
Accounting Policies & Pronouncements | 122 | ||||
Liquidity and Capital Resources | 124 | ||||
Ratings | 133 | ||||
General Account Investments | 134 | ||||
Valuation of Assets and Liabilities | 151 | ||||
Income Taxes | 153 | ||||
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) addresses the consolidated financial condition of Prudential Financial, Inc. (“Prudential,” “Prudential Financial,” “PFI,” or “the Company”) as of March 31, 2026, compared with December 31, 2025, and its consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. You should read the following analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the MD&A, the “Risk Factors” section, and the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as well as the statements under “Forward-Looking Statements,” and the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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Introduction
The purpose of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is to provide readers with a foundational understanding of our Company, our consolidated financial statements, and the significant internal and external drivers of our results. The discussion of financial results within is focused on adjusted operating income, which is the Company’s segment-level measure of performance, and provides readers with period-over-period analysis of operating results and significant drivers. In addition to discussing our detailed segment results of operations, we have also provided supplemental information that we believe assists with a greater understanding of our overall financial results.
A brief description of these key informational sections follows:
•“Executive Summary” provides an overview of the Company and its operations, along with any recent significant events that have impacted our organizational structure or financial results.
•“External and Economic Factors” includes a discussion of how the impact of potential changes in foreign currency exchange rates may impact our overall operations and financial position.
•“Accounting Policies & Pronouncements” discusses the equity and interest rate assumptions used in evaluating liabilities for future policy benefits for certain of our products. This section should be read in conjunction with “Accounting Policies & Pronouncements” and Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
•“Liquidity and Capital Resources” provides information about our liquidity and capital positions, including any significant actions that have impacted, or are expected to impact, these positions. Information is also provided on our insurance companies’ regulatory capital positions, the sources and uses of our holding company’s cash, and additional information about financing activities of the Company.
•“General Account Investments” provides information about the overall portfolio composition of the general account that supports the liabilities of our insurance companies. Investment results are presented separately for our U.S.-based and Japanese-based operations, our Closed Block division, and our Funds Withheld portfolios, the latter of which supports liabilities relating to reinsurance agreements where the economic benefits and associated investment risk ultimately inure to the reinsurer. This section should be read in conjunction with Note 3 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
•“Valuation of Assets and Liabilities” provides additional breakouts of the fair value of assets and liabilities for Prudential Financial Inc., excluding those held in the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld portfolios, and separately for the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld portfolios. This section should be read in conjunction with Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Executive Summary
Company Overview
Prudential Financial, a financial services leader with approximately $1.576 trillion of assets under management as of March 31, 2026, has operations primarily in the United States of America (“U.S.”), Asia, Europe and Latin America. Through our subsidiaries and affiliates, we offer a wide array of financial products and services, including life insurance, annuities, retirement-related services, mutual funds and investment management. We offer these products and services to individual and institutional customers through one of the largest distribution networks in the financial services industry.
Effective January 1, 2026, the Company made the following segment reporting changes to isolate the impacts of certain discontinued products that were previously commingled with the results of actively sold products that more closely reflect the Company’s strategic focus. These changes are consistent with the Company’s recent organizational changes and strategy and reflect how the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) assesses performance and allocates resources:
•“U.S. Legacy Products” segment: (i) traditional variable annuities with guaranteed living benefit riders and certain other annuity products, previously included in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment, and (ii) guaranteed universal life policies, previously included in the Individual Life segment, have been combined into a new reportable segment named “U.S. Legacy Products.” This segment represents run-off blocks of business consisting of products that are no longer being sold in U.S. markets and will be managed with a focus on reducing risk and optimizing value.
•“Retirement” segment: The blocks of business in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment that were not moved into the U.S. Legacy Products segment, discussed above, consisting primarily of registered index-linked annuity and fixed annuity products, and the products previously included in the former Institutional Retirement Strategies segment have been combined into a new reportable segment named “Retirement.” This combined segment better represents the Company’s strategic management, growth trajectory, and resource allocation policies.
•“Individual Life” segment: There were no other impacts to this segment other than the transfer of the guaranteed universal life policies, discussed above. The remaining blocks of business contained within this segment primarily consist of term, indexed universal life, and variable universal life products.
These segment reporting changes are being applied retrospectively and do not have an impact on any of the Company’s previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements.
Our principal operations now consist of PGIM (our global investment management business), our U.S. Businesses (consisting of Retirement, Group Insurance, Individual Life and U.S. Legacy Products), our International Businesses, the Closed Block division, and our Corporate and Other operations. The Closed Block division is accounted for as a divested business that is reported separately from the Divested and Run-off Businesses that are included in Corporate and Other. Divested and Run-off Businesses consist of businesses that have been, or will be, sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind-down status that do not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Our Corporate and Other operations include corporate items and initiatives that are not allocated to business segments as well as the Divested and Run-off Businesses described above.
We attribute financing costs to each segment based on the amount of financing used by each segment, excluding financing costs associated with corporate debt, which are reflected in our Corporate and Other operations. The net investment income of each segment includes earnings on the amount of capital that management believes is necessary to support the risks of that segment.
Management expects that results will continue to benefit from our mutually-reinforcing business system, which includes a mix of businesses that complement each other to provide competitive advantages, earnings diversification and capital benefits from a balanced risk profile. We believe we are well-positioned to tap into market opportunities to meet the evolving needs of our clients and society at large. Our mix of high-quality protection, retirement and investment management businesses enables us to offer solutions that cover a broad range of financial needs and to engage with our clients through multiple channels.
As part of our continuous improvement process, we are working to become a leaner and more agile company by simplifying our management structure, empowering our employees with faster decision-making processes and investing in technology and data platforms. We expect these ongoing actions will create operating efficiencies, and provide reinvestment capacity to build capabilities, realize additional efficiencies, strengthen our competitiveness and fuel future growth.
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As previously disclosed, in January 2026, The Prudential Life Insurance Company, Ltd. (“Prudential of Japan”), a Japanese insurance subsidiary of the Company, reported the findings of its internal investigation into incidents of misconduct involving certain employees of Prudential of Japan. In response to these findings, Prudential of Japan is implementing a series of actions which include strengthening oversight of sales practices, governance and risk management, as well as leadership changes. Moreover, in February 2026, following discussions with the Japanese regulator, the Company voluntarily suspended new sales activity at Prudential of Japan for a 90-day period commencing February 9, 2026. In April 2026, the Company announced the voluntary extension of the suspension of new sales for an additional 180 days through November 5, 2026. See Note 21 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements “—Litigation and Regulatory Matters—Regulatory” for additional information.
The suspension of sales resulted in an estimated reduction of $130 million in International Businesses’ pre-tax adjusted operating income for the first quarter of 2026. We estimate that the suspension of new sales as extended will result in a reduction of pre-tax adjusted operating income in the range of $525 to $575 million for 2026, inclusive of the first quarter impact, and in the range of $400 to $450 million for 2027, reflecting remediation costs associated with sustaining the business, one-time and other operating costs, and lower earnings attributable to the gradual ramp-up of new sales after sales resume. Should the suspension of new sales activities extend beyond November 2026, we estimate that International Businesses’ pre-tax adjusted operating income would be reduced by $50 to $60 million per each additional month. We do not expect a material impact to capital, Economic Solvency Ratios (“ESR”) or cash flows. It is also possible that reputational and other harm resulting from or in connection with this matter will negatively impact our other businesses in Japan beyond Prudential of Japan. We are proactively reviewing the sales practices of Gibraltar Life Insurance Company, which distributes its products through life consultants and independent agencies. Actual results may differ materially from these preliminary expectations, as covered under “Forward-Looking Statements.”
External and Economic Factors
Impact of Changes in the Interest Rate Environment
As a global financial services company, market interest rates are a key driver of our liquidity and capital positions, cash flows, results of operations and financial position. For a discussion of the potential impact of changes in interest rates and our mitigation strategies, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—External and Economic Factors—Impact of Changes in the Interest Rate Environment” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates
Foreign currency exchange rate movements and related hedging strategies
As a U.S.-based company with significant business operations outside the U.S., particularly in Japan, we are subject to foreign currency exchange rate movements that could impact our USD-equivalent shareholder return on equity. We seek to mitigate this impact through various hedging strategies, including holding USD-denominated assets in certain of our foreign subsidiaries.
In order to reduce equity volatility from foreign currency exchange rate movements, we primarily utilize a yen hedging strategy that calibrates the hedge level to preserve the relative contribution of our yen-based business to the Company’s overall return on equity on a leverage neutral basis. We implement this hedging strategy utilizing a variety of instruments, including USD-denominated assets and dual currency and synthetic dual currency investments held locally in our Japanese insurance subsidiaries. The total hedge level may vary based on our periodic assessment of the relative contribution of our yen-based business to the Company’s overall return on equity.
The table below presents the aggregate amount of instruments that serve to hedge the impact of foreign currency exchange movements on our USD-equivalent shareholder return on equity from our Japanese insurance subsidiaries as of the dates indicated.
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| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||
| Foreign currency hedging instruments: | |||||||||||
| USD-denominated assets associated with yen-based entities(1) | $ | 8.3 | $ | 7.5 | |||||||
| Dual currency and synthetic dual currency investments(2) | 0.2 | 0.3 | |||||||||
| Total foreign currency hedges | $ | 8.5 | $ | 7.8 | |||||||
__________
(1)Includes USD-denominated fixed maturities at amortized cost plus any related accrued investment income, as well as USD notional amount of foreign currency derivative contracts outstanding. Note this amount represents only those USD assets serving to hedge the impact of foreign currency volatility on equity. Separate from this program, our Japanese operations also have $91.6 billion and $90.0 billion as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, of USD-denominated assets supporting USD-denominated liabilities related to USD-denominated products.
(2)Dual currency and synthetic dual currency investments are held by our yen-based entities in the form of fixed maturities and loans with a yen-denominated principal component and USD-denominated interest income. The amounts shown represent the present value of future USD-denominated cash flows.
The USD-denominated investments that hedge the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on USD-equivalent shareholder return on equity from our Japanese insurance operations are reported within yen-based entities and, as a result, foreign currency exchange rate movements will impact their value reported within our yen-based Japanese insurance entities. We seek to mitigate the risk that future unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate movements will decrease the value of these USD-denominated investments reported within our yen-based Japanese insurance entities, and therefore negatively impact their equity and regulatory solvency measures, by having our Japanese insurance operations enter into currency hedging transactions with a subsidiary of Prudential Financial. These hedging strategies have the economic effect of moving the change in value of these USD-denominated investments due to foreign currency exchange rate movements from our Japanese yen-based entities to our USD-based entities.
These USD-denominated investments also pay a coupon which is generally higher than what a similar yen-denominated investment would pay. The incremental impact of this higher yield on our USD-denominated investments, as well as our dual currency and synthetic dual currency investments, will vary over time, and is dependent on the duration of the underlying investments as well as interest rate environments in both the U.S. and Japan at the time of the investments.
Impact of intercompany foreign currency exchange rate arrangements on segment results of operations
The financial results of our International Businesses and PGIM reflect the impact of intercompany arrangements with our Corporate and Other operations pursuant to which these segments’ non-USD-denominated earnings are translated at fixed currency exchange rates that are predetermined during the third quarter of the prior year using forward currency exchange rates. Results of our Corporate and Other operations include differences between the translation adjustments recorded by the segments at the fixed currency exchange rate versus the actual average rate during the period.
In addition, specific to our International Businesses where we hedge certain currencies utilizing forward currency contracts with third parties, the results of our Corporate and Other operations also include the impact of any gains or losses recorded from these contracts that settled during the period, which include the impact of any over or under hedging of actual earnings that differ from projected earnings.
The table below presents, for the periods indicated, the increase (decrease) to revenues and adjusted operating income for our International Businesses, PGIM and Corporate and Other operations, reflecting the impact of these intercompany arrangements.
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment impacts of intercompany arrangements: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| International Businesses | $ | (19) | $ | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| PGIM | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of intercompany arrangements(1) | (18) | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate and Other: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of intercompany arrangements(1) | 18 | (3) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Settlement gains (losses) on forward currency contracts(2) | (12) | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net benefit (detriment) to Corporate and Other | 6 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net impact on consolidated revenues and adjusted operating income | $ | (12) | $ | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Represents the difference between non-USD-denominated earnings translated on the basis of weighted average monthly currency exchange rates versus fixed currency exchange rates determined in connection with the foreign currency income hedging program.
(2)As of both March 31, 2026 and 2025, the total notional amount of these forward currency contracts within our Corporate and Other operations was $0.8 billion.
Impact of products denominated in non-local currencies on U.S. GAAP earnings
While our international insurance operations offer products denominated in local currency, several also offer products denominated in non-local currencies. This is most notable in our Japanese operations, which currently offer primarily USD-denominated products, but have also historically offered Australian dollar (“AUD”)-denominated products. The non-local currency-denominated insurance liabilities related to these products are supported by investments denominated in corresponding currencies, including a significant portion designated as available-for-sale. While the impact from foreign currency exchange rate movements on these non-local currency-denominated assets and liabilities is economically matched, differences in the accounting for changes in the value of these assets and liabilities due to changes in foreign currency exchange rate movements have historically resulted in volatility in U.S. GAAP earnings.
As a result, we implemented a structure in certain of our Japanese operations that disaggregated the USD- and AUD-denominated businesses into separate divisions, each with its own functional currency that aligns with the underlying products and investments. The result of this alignment was to reduce differences in the accounting for changes in the value of these assets and liabilities that arise due to changes in foreign currency exchange rate movements. For the USD- and AUD-denominated assets that were transferred under this structure, the net cumulative unrealized investment gains associated with foreign exchange remeasurement that were recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” (“AOCI”) totaled $0.8 billion and $1.0 billion as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and will be recognized in earnings within “Realized investment gains (losses), net” over time as these assets mature or are sold. Absent the sale of any of these assets prior to their stated maturity, approximately 3% of the $0.8 billion balance as of March 31, 2026 will be recognized throughout the remainder of 2026, approximately 3% will be recognized in 2027, and the remaining balance will be recognized from 2028 through 2051.
Highly inflationary economy
Enterprise Group, our strategic investment in Ghana, has historically utilized the Ghanaian cedi as its functional currency given it is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates. In the fourth quarter of 2023, Ghana experienced a cumulative inflation rate that exceeded 100% over a 3-year period. As a result, Ghana’s economy was deemed to be highly inflationary, resulting in reporting changes effective January 1, 2024. Under U.S. GAAP, the financial statements of a foreign entity in a highly inflationary economy are to be remeasured as if its functional currency (formerly the Ghanaian cedi) is the reporting currency of its parent reporting entity (the USD) on a prospective basis. While this changed how the results of Enterprise Group were remeasured and/or translated into USD, the impact to our financial statements was not material nor is it expected to have a material impact to our financial statements in future periods given the relative size of the investment.
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Results of Operations
Consolidated Results of Operations
The following section provides a comparative discussion of our consolidated results of operations on a U.S. GAAP basis for the periods indicated.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| REVENUES | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums | $ | 8,362 | $ | 7,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
Policy charges and fee income | 1,132 | 1,157 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income | 5,665 | 5,130 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Asset management and service fees | 996 | 984 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss) | 30 | 280 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net | (364) | (730) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | (295) | (351) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 15,526 | 13,470 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| BENEFITS AND EXPENSES | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Policyholders’ benefits | 9,533 | 8,140 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Change in estimates of liability for future policy benefits | 39 | (50) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances | 1,109 | 825 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends to policyholders | 232 | 145 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs | 411 | 407 | |||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | 3,469 | 3,083 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total benefits and expenses | 14,793 | 12,550 | |||||||||||||||||||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF JOINT VENTURES AND OTHER OPERATING ENTITIES | 733 | 920 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total income tax expense (benefit) | 129 | 207 | |||||||||||||||||||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF JOINT VENTURES AND OTHER OPERATING ENTITIES | 604 | 713 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities, net of taxes | 2 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| NET INCOME (LOSS) | 606 | 742 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Less: Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests | 9 | 35 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO PRUDENTIAL FINANCIAL, INC. | $ | 597 | $ | 707 | |||||||||||||||||||
“Net income (loss) attributable to Prudential Financial, Inc.” for the first three months of 2026 compared to the first three months of 2025 decreased $110 million, inclusive of a $78 million favorable variance from income taxes, primarily driven by the decrease in pre-tax earnings, as described below, and a lower effective tax rate in the current period. See Note 14 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding income taxes.
On a pre-tax basis, “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities” decreased $187 million, reflecting the following notable items:
“Total revenues” increased $2,056 million, primarily due to the following:
•“Premiums” — $1,362 million favorable variance, primarily reflecting higher pension risk transfer premiums with corresponding offsets in “Policyholders’ benefits,” as discussed below;
•“Net investment income” — $535 million favorable variance, primarily reflecting business growth, higher reinvestment rates and higher prepayment fee income (see “—General Account Investments—Investment Results” for additional information); and
•“Realized investment gains (losses), net” — $366 million favorable variance, primarily reflecting favorable derivative results in the current period, including the change in the fair value of embedded derivatives related to our Funds Withheld portfolios, which are offset by changes in the value of the investments in the Funds Withheld portfolios that are primarily recorded in “Other income (loss)” or through “Other comprehensive income,” partially offset by losses
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from the sales of fixed income securities in the current period. See “—General Account Investments—Realized Investment Gains and Losses” for additional information.
Partially offset by:
•“Other income (loss)” — $250 million unfavorable variance, primarily reflecting unfavorable changes in the market value of fixed income securities designated as trading, as well as equity securities.
“Total benefits and expenses” increased $2,243 million, primarily due to the following:
•“Policyholders’ benefits” — $1,393 million unfavorable variance, primarily reflecting higher pension risk transfer premiums, as discussed above;
•“General and administrative expenses” — $386 million unfavorable variance, net of deferrals, primarily reflecting higher operating expenses, including remediation costs associated with the Prudential of Japan matter, as well as expenses supporting business growth; and
•“Interest credited to policyholders’ account balances” — $284 million unfavorable variance, primarily reflecting business growth and a higher weighted-average crediting rate in Japan. See Note 10 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding policyholders’ account balances.
Segment Results of Operations
We analyze the performance of our segments and Corporate and Other operations using a measure of segment profitability called adjusted operating income. See “—Segment Measures” below for a discussion of adjusted operating income and its use as a measure of segment operating performance.
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income before income taxes by segment: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PGIM | $ | 190 | $ | 156 | |||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Businesses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Retirement(1) | 572 | 526 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Group Insurance | 38 | 89 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Individual Life(1) | 139 | 52 | |||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Legacy Products(1) | 207 | 264 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total U.S. Businesses | 956 | 931 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| International Businesses | 810 | 848 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and Other | (330) | (415) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total segment adjusted operating income before income taxes | 1,626 | 1,520 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciling items: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments(2) | (621) | (246) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | (295) | (351) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Market experience updates | 15 | 39 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Divested and Run-off Businesses(3): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Closed Block division | (11) | (22) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other Divested and Run-off Businesses | 64 | (51) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests(4) | (42) | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other adjustments(5) | (3) | 28 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | 733 | $ | 920 | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
(2)See “—General Account Investments” and Note 19 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(3)Represents the contribution to income (loss) of Divested and Run-off Businesses that have been or will be sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind-down, but did not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. See “—Divested and Run-off Businesses” for additional information.
(4)Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities is included in adjusted operating income but excluded from “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities” as it is reflected on an after-tax U.S. GAAP basis as a separate line in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations. Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests are excluded from adjusted operating income but included in “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities” as they are reflected on a U.S. GAAP basis as a separate line in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations. Earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests represents the portion of earnings from consolidated entities that relates to the equity interests of minority investors.
(5)Includes certain components of consideration for business acquisitions, which are recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service periods.
Segment results for the period presented above reflect the following:
PGIM. Results for the first quarter of 2026 increased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting higher net asset management fees and higher net other related revenues, partially offset by higher expenses.
Retirement. Results for the first quarter of 2026 increased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting higher net investment spread results, partially offset by higher expenses and less favorable reserve experience.
Group Insurance. Results for the first quarter of 2026 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting lower net underwriting results and higher expenses.
Individual Life. Results for the first quarter of 2026 increased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting higher underwriting results and higher net investment spread results.
U.S. Legacy Products. Results for the first quarter of 2026 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting lower fee income, lower underwriting results, and lower net investment spread results.
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International Businesses. Results for the first quarter of 2026 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, inclusive of an unfavorable comparative net impact from foreign currency exchange rates. Excluding this item, results for the first quarter of 2026 decreased, primarily reflecting higher expenses, including remediation costs associated with the Prudential of Japan matter, partially offset by higher net investment spread results and higher underwriting results.
Corporate and Other. Results for the first quarter of 2026 were less unfavorable in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting lower net charges from other corporate activities.
Closed Block Division. Results for the first quarter 2026 increased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting higher net investment activity results, partially offset by changes in the policyholder dividend obligation.
Segment Measures
Adjusted Operating Income. In managing our business, we analyze our segments’ operating performance using “adjusted operating income.” Adjusted operating income does not equate to “Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities” or “Net income (loss)” as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP but is the measure of segment profit or loss we use to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources and, consistent with authoritative guidance, is our measure of segment performance. The adjustments to derive adjusted operating income are important to an understanding of our overall results of operations. Adjusted operating income is not a substitute for income determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and our definition of adjusted operating income may differ from that used by other companies; however, we believe that the presentation of adjusted operating income as we measure it for management purposes enhances the understanding of our results of operations by highlighting the results from ongoing operations and the underlying profitability of our businesses.
See Note 19 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the presentation of segment results and our definition of adjusted operating income.
Annualized New Business Premiums. In managing our Individual Life, Group Insurance and International Businesses segments, we analyze annualized new business premiums, which do not correspond to revenues under U.S. GAAP. Annualized new business premiums measure the current sales performance of the business, while revenues primarily reflect the renewal persistency of policies written in prior years and net investment income, in addition to current sales. Annualized new business premiums include 10% of first year premiums or deposits from single-payment products in our Individual Life and International Businesses segments. No other adjustments are made for limited-payment contracts.
The amount of annualized new business premiums for any given period can be significantly impacted by several factors, including but not limited to: addition of new products, discontinuation of existing products, changes in credited interest rates for certain products and other product modifications, changes in premium rates, changes in tax laws, changes in regulations or changes in the competitive environment. Sales volume may increase or decrease prior to certain of these changes becoming effective, and then fluctuate in the other direction following such changes.
Assets Under Management. In managing our PGIM segment, we analyze assets under management (which do not correspond directly to U.S. GAAP assets) because the principal source of revenues is fees based on assets under management. Assets under management represent the fair market value or account value of assets that we manage directly for institutional clients, retail clients, and for our general account, as well as assets invested in our products that are managed by third-party managers.
Account Values. In managing our Retirement and U.S. Legacy Products segments, we analyze account values, which do not correspond directly to U.S. GAAP assets. Sales and additions in our Retirement segment do not correspond to revenues under U.S. GAAP but are used as a relevant measure of business activity.
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Results of Operations by Segment
PGIM
Business Update
•In April 2026, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its PGIM operations in India (“PGIM India”) to TVS Venu Group, a diversified India-based company. The closing of this transaction is subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. Beginning in the first quarter of 2026, the results of PGIM India are reflected in Divested and Run-off Businesses included within our Corporate and Other operations. PGIM India was not a significant contributor to PGIM’s results.
Operating Results
The following table sets forth PGIM’s operating results for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating results(1): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,040 | $ | 985 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | 850 | 829 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income | 190 | 156 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests | 9 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other adjustments(2) | (3) | 28 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | 196 | $ | 194 | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Certain of PGIM’s investment activities are based in currencies other than the USD and are therefore subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk. The financial results of PGIM include the impact of an intercompany arrangement with our Corporate and Other operations designed to mitigate the impact of exchange rate changes on PGIM’s USD-equivalent earnings. For additional information regarding this intercompany arrangement, see “—External and Economic Factors—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates,” above.
(2)Includes certain components of consideration for business acquisitions, which are recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service periods.
Adjusted operating income increased $34 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher net asset management fees;
•higher net other related revenues; and
•higher net service, distribution and other revenues.
These variances were partially offset by:
•higher compensation and operating expenses, largely supporting business growth.
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Revenues and Expenses
The following table sets forth PGIM’s revenues, presented on a basis consistent with the table above under “—Operating Results,” by type:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues by type: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Asset management fees by source: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Institutional - Third Party | $ | 398 | $ | 387 | |||||||||||||||||||
Retail - Third Party | 201 | 225 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliated(1) | 248 | 216 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total asset management fees | 847 | 828 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other related revenues by source: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Incentive fees | 13 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction fees | 11 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Seed and co-investments | 12 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage(2) | 29 | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other related revenues | 65 | 38 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Service, distribution and other revenues | 128 | 119 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 1,040 | $ | 985 | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Includes revenues from the Company’s general account assets, as well as certain separate account assets of the Company’s insurance and retirement businesses managed by PGIM.
(2)Includes mortgage origination revenues from our commercial mortgage origination and servicing business.
Revenues increased $55 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher other related revenues, primarily reflecting higher commercial mortgage origination revenues from higher loan production, and higher seed and co-investments revenue driven by stronger investment performance, as well as higher transaction and incentive fees;
•higher asset management fees, driven by higher average assets under management from the impact of equity market appreciation, partially offset by net outflows; and
•higher service, distribution and other revenues, primarily driven by higher real estate servicing fees from increased transaction volume.
Expenses increased $21 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher compensation and operating expenses, largely supporting business growth.
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Assets Under Management
The following table sets forth assets under management by asset class as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Assets Under Management(1) (at fair value): | |||||||||||||||||
| Public equity | $ | 200.8 | $ | 223.1 | $ | 198.0 | |||||||||||
Public credit | 896.9 | 902.7 | 856.7 | ||||||||||||||
Private credit(2) | 118.9 | 119.0 | 114.7 | ||||||||||||||
| Real estate | 135.0 | 134.4 | 130.6 | ||||||||||||||
Multi-asset | 74.0 | 78.5 | 78.2 | ||||||||||||||
Other alternatives(2) | 7.7 | 8.4 | 7.1 | ||||||||||||||
| Total PGIM assets under management | $ | 1,433.3 | $ | 1,466.1 | $ | 1,385.3 | |||||||||||
Assets under management within other reporting segments(3) | 142.5 | 143.0 | 136.8 | ||||||||||||||
| Total PFI assets under management | $ | 1,575.8 | $ | 1,609.1 | $ | 1,522.1 | |||||||||||
__________
(1)“Public equity” represents stock ownership interest in a corporation or partnership (excluding hedge funds) or real estate investment trust. “Public credit” represents debt instruments that pay interest and usually have a maturity (excluding mortgages). “Private credit” represents debt financing issued by entities directly to investors outside of public capital markets. “Real estate” includes direct real estate equity and real estate mortgages. “Multi-asset” represents funds or products that invest in more than one asset class, balancing equity, public credit, and target date funds. “Other alternatives” represents private equity, hedge funds, and other alternative strategies.
(2)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
(3)Primarily includes assets related to certain insurance and retirement products in our U.S. Businesses and Corporate and Other operations, and certain general account assets in our International Businesses. These assets are not directly managed by PGIM but rather are invested in non-proprietary funds or are managed by either the divisions themselves or by our Chief Investment Officer Organization.
The following table sets forth assets under management by source as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||
Assets Under Management (at fair value): | |||||||||||||||||
Institutional - Third Party | $ | 638.8 | $ | 652.0 | $ | 620.2 | |||||||||||
Retail - Third Party | 259.0 | 267.0 | 240.6 | ||||||||||||||
Affiliated(1) | 535.5 | 547.1 | 524.5 | ||||||||||||||
| Total PGIM assets under management | $ | 1,433.3 | $ | 1,466.1 | $ | 1,385.3 | |||||||||||
Assets under management within other reporting segments(2) | 142.5 | 143.0 | 136.8 | ||||||||||||||
| Total PFI assets under management | $ | 1,575.8 | $ | 1,609.1 | $ | 1,522.1 | |||||||||||
__________
(1)Includes the Company’s general account assets, as well as certain separate account assets of the Company’s insurance and retirement businesses managed by PGIM.
(2)Primarily includes assets related to certain insurance and retirement products in our U.S. Businesses and Corporate and Other operations, and certain general account assets in our International Businesses. These assets are not directly managed by PGIM but rather are invested in non-proprietary funds or are managed by either the divisions themselves or by our Chief Investment Officer Organization.
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The following table sets forth the component changes in PGIM’s assets under management for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Twelve Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning assets under management | $ | 1,466.1 | $ | 1,375.2 | $ | 1,385.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Institutional third-party flows(1) | 1.6 | 7.6 | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail third-party flows | 0.2 | (0.2) | (3.6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total third-party flows(1) | 1.8 | 7.4 | (3.5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliated flows(2) | (1.9) | (0.1) | (3.4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total net flows(1) | (0.1) | 7.3 | (6.9) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Realizations and distributions(1)(3) | (3.2) | (4.3) | (13.3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market appreciation (depreciation)(4) | (23.3) | 5.0 | 77.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign exchange rate impact | (1.1) | 3.8 | (1.3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net money market activity and other increases (decreases) | (5.1) | (1.7) | (8.3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ending assets under management | $ | 1,433.3 | $ | 1,385.3 | $ | 1,433.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
(2)Represents assets that PGIM manages for the benefit of other reporting segments within the Company. Additions and withdrawals of these assets are attributable to third-party product inflows and outflows in other reporting segments.
(3)Realizations reflect proceeds from the disposition or monetization of assets from closed end funds and from collateralized loan obligations. Distributions reflect income and dividend distributions related to certain closed and open ended private alternative funds and collateralized loan obligations.
(4)Includes income reinvestment, where applicable.
The following table sets forth additional information for “total net flows” as seen above, by asset class for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Twelve Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net flows by asset class: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public equity | $ | (6.1) | $ | (1.5) | $ | (22.6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Public credit | 7.2 | 8.0 | 21.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Private credit | 1.2 | 2.7 | 3.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate | 1.0 | 1.7 | 3.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Multi-asset | (3.2) | (3.7) | (14.2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other alternatives | (0.2) | 0.1 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total net flows | $ | (0.1) | $ | 7.3 | $ | (6.9) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
As of March 31, 2026, PGIM’s assets under management:
•increased $48 billion over the trailing twelve months, primarily driven by credit and equity market appreciation and strong investment performance, partially offset by realizations and distributions, and net outflows.
•decreased $33 billion in comparison to the prior year end, primarily driven by equity and credit market depreciation, as well as realizations and distributions.
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Private Capital Deployment
Private capital deployment is indicative of the pace and magnitude of capital that is invested and will result in future revenues that may include management fees, transaction fees, incentive fees and servicing revenues, as well as future costs to manage these assets.
Private capital deployment represents the gross value of private capital invested in real estate debt and equity, and private credit and equity asset classes. Assets under management resulting from private capital deployment are primarily included in “Real estate,” “Private credit,” and “Other alternatives” in the “—Assets Under Management— by asset class table” above. As of March 31, 2026, these asset classes decreased $0.2 billion compared to December 31, 2025, primarily reflecting realizations and distributions and market depreciation, partially offset by net inflows across private credit and real estate.
Private capital deployment includes PGIM’s real estate agency debt business, which consists of agency commercial mortgage loans originated and sold to third-party investors. PGIM continues to service these loans; however, they are not included in assets under management.
The following table sets forth PGIM’s private capital deployed by asset class for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private capital deployed: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate debt and equity | $ | 6.7 | $ | 4.6 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private credit and equity | 6.4 | 6.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total private capital deployed | $ | 13.1 | $ | 10.6 | |||||||||||||||||||
Seed and Co-Investments
As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, PGIM had approximately $895 million and $1,155 million of seed investments and $525 million and $375 million of co-investments at carrying value, respectively, primarily consisting of public and private credit, public equity, real estate investments, and other alternatives.
Retirement
Business Update
•Effective January 1, 2026, traditional variable annuities with guaranteed living benefit riders and certain other annuity products previously included in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment were transferred into a new reportable segment named “U.S. Legacy Products.” See “—U.S. Legacy Products” below for the operating results and additional information regarding this new segment.
Subsequent to this transfer, the remaining blocks of business in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment, consisting primarily of indexed-variable annuity and fixed annuity products, were combined with the products included in the former Institutional Retirement Strategies segment into a new reportable segment named “Retirement.” These changes have been applied retrospectively and did not have an impact on any of the Company’s previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements.
Operating Results
The following table sets forth Retirement’s operating results for the periods indicated:
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating results: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 5,457 | $ | 3,665 | |||||||||||||||||||
Benefits and expenses | 4,885 | 3,139 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted operating income | 572 | 526 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments | (47) | (328) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | (48) | (53) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Market experience updates | (5) | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | 473 | $ | 146 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted operating income increased $46 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher net investment spread results, driven by growth in retail annuities and other products, and higher prepayment fee income.
This variance was partially offset by:
•higher amortization costs;
•higher variable and operating expenses, primarily driven by business growth; and
•lower underwriting results, primarily reflecting less favorable mortality experience on pension risk transfer transactions.
Revenues increased $1,792 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher premiums, driven by an increase in pension risk transfer sales in the current year period, with corresponding offsets in policyholders’ benefits, as discussed below; and
•higher net investment income, driven by growth in retail annuities and pension risk transfer transactions, and higher prepayment fee income.
Benefits and expenses increased $1,746 million primarily reflecting:
•higher policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, related to the higher pension risk transfer premiums, as discussed above; and
•higher interest credited to policyholders’ account balances, driven by business growth.
Account Values
Account values are a significant driver of our operating results and are primarily driven by net flows and the impact of market changes. The investment income and interest we credit to policyholders on our spread-based products varies with the level of general account values. The income we earn on most of our fee-based products varies with the level of fee-based account values as many policy fees are determined by these values.
The following tables set forth account value information for the periods indicated. Account values include both internally- and externally-managed client balances as the total balances drive our revenue. For additional information regarding internally-managed balances, see “—PGIM.”
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | Twelve Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning account value, gross(1) | $ | 370,038 | $ | 333,243 | $ | 340,617 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales and additions | 7,369 | 10,524 | 36,348 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Withdrawals and benefits | (8,057) | (7,292) | (29,150) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net flows | (688) | 3,232 | 7,198 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in market value, interest credited, and policy charges | 1,517 | 1,627 | 17,439 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) | (1,786) | 2,515 | 3,827 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ending account value, gross | 369,081 | 340,617 | 369,081 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance ceded | (13,336) | (12,096) | (13,336) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ending account value, net | $ | 355,745 | $ | 328,521 | $ | 355,745 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts included in “Ending account value, net” above: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail annuities(3) | $ | 58,177 | $ | 43,543 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Longevity reinsurance(4) | 120,015 | 113,480 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fee-based stable value | 67,518 | 66,947 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pension risk transfer and other products(5) | 110,035 | 104,551 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 355,745 | $ | 328,521 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts included in “Sales and additions” above: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retail annuities(3) | $ | 3,284 | $ | 3,473 | $ | 13,370 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Longevity reinsurance(4) | 154 | 4,922 | 7,291 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fee-based stable value | 1,113 | 1,081 | 3,798 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pension risk transfer and other products(5) | 2,818 | 1,048 | 11,889 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 7,369 | $ | 10,524 | $ | 36,348 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Beginning account values, net of reinsurance ceded, were $357,150 million and $321,477 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $328,521 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2026.
(2)“Other” activity includes the effect of foreign exchange rate changes associated with our United Kingdom international reinsurance business and changes in asset balances for externally-managed accounts. For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, “Other” activity also includes $1,327 million in receipts offset by $837 million in payments, and $801 million in receipts offset by $956 million in payments, respectively, related to funding agreements backed by commercial paper that typically have maturities of less than 90 days.
(3)Primarily includes FlexGuard suite and fixed annuity products.
(4)Represents notional amounts based on present value of future benefits under longevity reinsurance contracts.
(5)Includes spread-based stable value, structured settlements and funding agreement-backed notes.
Sales and additions for the three months ended March 31, 2026 decreased in comparison to the prior year period, primarily reflecting:
•significant longevity reinsurance sales in the prior year period.
This variance was partially offset by:
•higher pension risk transfer and funding agreement-backed notes sales in the current year period.
The decrease in net account values for the three months ended March 31, 2026 primarily reflects:
•the negative impact of foreign exchange rate changes; and
•net outflows, primarily driven by longevity reinsurance and fee-based stable value products, partially offset by net sales of retail annuities.
These variances were partially offset by:
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•interest credited on customer funds, partially offset by a decrease in the market value of assets.
The increase in net account values for the twelve months ended March 31, 2026 primarily reflects:
•an increase in the market value of assets and interest credited on customer funds;
•net inflows, primarily driven by net sales of retail annuities, partially offset by net outflows from fee-based stable value products; and
•the positive impact of foreign exchange rate changes.
Group Insurance
Operating Results
The following table sets forth Group Insurance’s operating results and benefits and administrative expense ratios for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating results: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,734 | $ | 1,748 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits and expenses | 1,696 | 1,659 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income | 38 | 89 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments | (2) | (21) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | 36 | $ | 68 | |||||||||||||||||||
Benefits ratios(1)(2): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Group life | 86.0 | % | 87.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Group disability | 78.4 | % | 65.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Group Insurance | 83.7 | % | 81.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Administrative expense ratios(2)(3): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group life | 11.5 | % | 10.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Group disability | 26.2 | % | 25.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Group Insurance | 15.9 | % | 14.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
(1)Ratio of policyholder benefits to earned premiums plus policy charges and fee income.
(2)The benefits and administrative expense ratios are measures used to evaluate profitability and efficiency.
(3)Ratio of operating and variable expenses (excluding commissions) to net premiums plus policy charges and fee income, excluding third-party administrator pass-through fees and expenses.
Adjusted operating income decreased $51 million, primarily reflecting:
•lower underwriting results in our group disability business, driven by less favorable claims experience on long-term disability contracts; and
•higher operating and variable expenses, largely supporting business growth.
These variances were partially offset by:
•higher underwriting results in our group life business, driven by more favorable mortality experience on non-experience-rated contracts, partially offset by a positive impact in the prior year period from a reserve refinement for certain experience-rated contracts.
Revenues decreased $14 million, primarily reflecting:
•lower policy charges and fee income, driven by higher policy returns due to more favorable mortality experience on experience-rated contracts; and
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•lower premiums, driven by lower sales and a positive reserve refinement for certain experience-rated contracts in the prior year period in our group life business, partially offset by business growth in our group disability business.
Benefits and expenses increased $37 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, driven by business growth and less favorable claims experience on long-term disability contracts, partially offset by more favorable mortality experience on non-experience-rated contracts in our group life business; and
•higher general and administrative expenses, largely supporting business growth.
Sales Results
The following table sets forth Group Insurance’s annualized new business premiums, as defined under “—Segment Measures” above, for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Annualized new business premiums(1): | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group life | $ | 211 | $ | 225 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Group disability | 315 | 175 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 526 | $ | 400 | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Amounts exclude new premiums resulting from rate changes on existing policies, from additional coverage under our Servicemembers’ Group Life Insurance contract and from excess premiums on group universal life insurance that build cash value but do not purchase face amounts.
Total annualized new business premiums increased $126 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher sales in the Premier and National market segments in our group disability business, including significant medical stop loss sales and higher supplemental health product sales.
This variance was partially offset by:
•lower sales in the National market segment in our group life business due to outsized sales in the prior year period.
Individual Life
Business Update
•Effective January 1, 2026, guaranteed universal life policies previously included in the Individual Life segment were transferred into a new reportable segment named “U.S. Legacy Products.” See “—U.S. Legacy Products” below for the operating results and additional information regarding this new segment. These changes have been applied retrospectively and did not have an impact on any of the Company’s previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements.
Operating Results
The following table sets forth Individual Life’s operating results for the periods indicated:
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating results: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,121 | $ | 1,111 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits and expenses | 982 | 1,059 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income | 139 | 52 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments | (3) | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Market experience updates | 3 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | 139 | $ | 63 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted operating income increased $87 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher underwriting results, driven by favorable mortality experience; and
•higher net investment spread results, driven by higher reinvestment rates and higher income from non-coupon investments.
Revenues increased $10 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher net investment income, driven by higher reinvestment rates and higher income from non-coupon investments.
Benefits and expenses decreased $77 million, primarily reflecting:
•lower policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, driven by favorable mortality experience; and
•favorable changes in estimates of the liability for future policy benefits, reflecting favorable mortality experience.
Sales Results
The following table sets forth Individual Life’s annualized new business premiums, as defined under “—Results of Operations—Segment Measures” above, by distribution channel and product, for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prudential Advisors | Third- Party | Total | Prudential Advisors | Third- Party | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Variable Life | $ | 39 | $ | 157 | $ | 196 | $ | 33 | $ | 121 | $ | 154 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Term Life | 4 | 34 | 38 | 4 | 28 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Universal Life | 1 | 16 | 17 | 1 | 17 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 44 | $ | 207 | $ | 251 | $ | 38 | $ | 166 | $ | 204 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total annualized new business premiums increased $47 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher third-party variable life and term life sales; and
•higher Prudential Advisors variable life sales.
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U.S. Legacy Products
Business Update
•Effective January 1, 2026, traditional variable annuity products with guaranteed living benefit riders and certain other annuity products previously included in the former Individual Retirement Strategies segment and guaranteed universal life policies previously included in the Individual Life Insurance segment were combined into this new reportable segment. The products contained within are no longer being sold in U.S. markets and will be managed with a specific focus on reducing risk and optimizing value for the Company. These changes have been applied retrospectively and did not have an impact on any of the Company’s previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements. See “—Company Overview” above for additional information regarding these segment changes.
Operating Results
The following table sets forth U.S. Legacy Products’ operating results for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating results: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 1,138 | $ | 1,182 | |||||||||||||||||||
Benefits and expenses | 931 | 918 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted operating income | 207 | 264 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments | (68) | (3) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | (249) | (304) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Market experience updates | (2) | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | (112) | $ | (39) | |||||||||||||||||||
Our U.S. Legacy Products segment includes variable annuity contracts that offer optional guaranteed living benefit riders (e.g., guaranteed minimum income benefits (“GMIB”), guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMAB”), guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWB”) and guaranteed minimum income and withdrawal benefits (“GMIWB”)), and/or optional death benefit riders (e.g., guaranteed minimum death benefits (“GMDB”)). The results of our variable annuity contracts are generally included in adjusted operating income, subject to certain exceptions related to these guarantees. Under U.S. GAAP, guaranteed living and death benefit riders are accounted for as market risk benefits (“MRBs”) and reported at fair value. For purposes of measuring segment performance, adjusted operating income excludes the changes in fair value of MRBs and instead reflects the performance of these riders in net income, net of related hedges, in “Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses),” except for the portion of the change attributable to changes in the Company’s non-performance risk (“NPR”) which is recorded in Other Comprehensive Income (loss) (“OCI”).
Adjusted operating income decreased $57 million, primarily reflecting:
•lower fee income, due to lower average separate account values driven by net outflows from the run-off of the variable annuity block, partially offset by favorable equity markets;
•lower underwriting results, primarily driven by the ongoing unfavorable impact from assumption updates in the second quarter of 2025 and reserve growth in our guaranteed universal life policies, partially offset by less unfavorable mortality experience relative to expectations; and
•lower net investment spread results, driven by the impact of lower short-term interest rates on income on collateral posted to counterparties, partially offset by higher reinvestment rates and lower losses from derivatives.
Revenues decreased $44 million, primarily reflecting:
•lower policy charges and fee income, as well as lower asset management and service fees, due to lower average separate account values driven by net outflows from the run-off of the variable annuity block;
•lower other income, driven by the impact of lower short-term interest rates on income on collateral posted to counterparties; and
•higher net investment income, driven by higher reinvestment rates and lower losses from derivatives.
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Benefits and expenses increased $13 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, primarily driven by higher mortality experience in our guaranteed universal life policies.
This variance was partially offset by:
•lower interest credited to policyholders’ account balances, reflecting the run-off of the variable annuity block.
Account Values
The following table sets forth the segment’s annuities account value information for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Twelve Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annuities Account Value(1): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning account value, gross(2) | $ | 87,203 | $ | 93,598 | $ | 89,139 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums and deposits(3) | 5 | 6 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full surrenders and death benefits | (2,425) | (2,477) | (9,804) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Premiums and deposits, net of full surrenders and death benefits | (2,420) | (2,471) | (9,781) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partial withdrawals and other benefit payments | (1,131) | (1,181) | (4,444) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net flows | (3,551) | (3,652) | (14,225) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in market value, interest credited, and other activity | (1,583) | (332) | 8,587 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy charges | (433) | (475) | (1,865) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ending account value, gross | 81,636 | 89,139 | 81,636 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance ceded | (7,575) | (8,608) | (7,575) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ending account value, net | $ | 74,061 | $ | 80,531 | $ | 74,061 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Represents discontinued annuities and guaranteed living benefits in the general account and separate accounts. Includes alliance deposits and supplementary contracts.
(2)Beginning account values, net of reinsurance ceded, were $79,249 million and $84,834 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $80,531 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2026.
(3)Represents renewal premiums or additional deposits on existing policies/contracts.
The decrease in annuities net account values for the three months ended March 31, 2026 primarily reflects:
•net outflows from the run-off of the variable annuity block; and
•market value depreciation.
The decrease in annuities net account values for the twelve months ended March 31, 2026 primarily reflects:
•net outflows from the run-off of the variable annuity block.
This variance was partially offset by:
•market value appreciation.
Variable Annuity Risks and Risk Mitigants
The primary risks of our variable annuity contracts arise from differences between actual experience and the assumptions used in the original pricing, including capital markets assumptions and actuarial assumptions. We manage these risks primarily through (i) Product Design Features, (ii) our Asset Liability Management Strategy, and, for certain products, external reinsurance. For additional information regarding our external reinsurance agreements, see Note 12 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
i.Product Design Features:
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Certain variable annuity contracts include an automatic rebalancing feature, also referred to as an asset transfer feature, that transfers assets between designated variable investment sub-accounts selected by the annuity contractholder and, depending on the benefit feature, a fixed-rate account in the general account or a bond fund sub-account within the separate accounts. The objective of this feature is to reduce our exposure to equity market risk and market volatility. Additional product design features include, among others, asset allocation restrictions, certain limitations on the amount of purchase payments, and a required minimum allocation to our general account for certain of our products. In addition, there is diversity in our fee arrangements, which help preserve certain revenue streams when market fluctuations cause account values to decline.
ii. Asset Liability Management (“ALM”) Strategy:
We employ an ALM strategy that combines fixed income instruments and derivatives to meet expected liabilities associated with certain annuity guarantees classified as MRBs under U.S. GAAP. The MRB liability that we hedge consists of expected living and death benefit claims under various market conditions. For our Prudential Defined Income (“PDI”) variable annuity, we primarily use fixed income instruments, while other products also utilize exchange-traded and over-the-counter (“OTC”) equity, interest rate and credit derivatives, including, futures, swaps and options. The intent of this strategy is to manage capital and liquidity efficiently and reduce net income volatility from capital markets movements. We periodically review and recalibrate the ALM strategy by optimizing the mix of derivatives and fixed income instruments to achieve expected outcomes.
Differences between changes in the value of the assets supporting MRBs and changes in the MRB liability may impact U.S. GAAP net income, primarily due to differences in accounting treatment and hedge performance factors.
Product Specific Risks and Risk Mitigants
For certain living benefit guarantees, claims will primarily represent the funding of contractholder lifetime withdrawals after the cumulative withdrawals have first exhausted the contractholder account value. Due to the age of the in-force block, claim payments to date have been limited. The timing and amount of future claims will depend on actual investment performance and contractholder behavior relative to our assumptions. Most of our current living benefit guarantees provide for guaranteed lifetime contractholder withdrawal payments inclusive of a “highest daily” contract value guarantee.
The majority of our traditional variable annuity contracts with living benefit guarantees incorporate risk mitigants such as an automatic rebalancing feature and/or inclusion in our ALM strategy. We may also utilize external reinsurance as an additional risk mitigant. For additional information regarding our external reinsurance agreements, see Note 12 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
For our GMDBs, we provide a benefit payable upon death, generally equal to cumulative deposits adjusted for partial withdrawals, with certain products offering enhanced GMDB options. While we retain the risk that death benefit may exceed account values, a substantial portion of GMDB-related account values are subject to automatic rebalancing because the contractholder also selected a living benefit guarantee. All variable annuity contracts with living benefit guarantees include GMDBs, and because the living and death benefits cover the same insured life, we are exposed to both longevity and mortality risk on these contracts.
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The following table sets forth the risk management profile of our living benefit guarantees and GMDB features as of the periods indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Account Value | % of Total | Account Value | % of Total | Account Value | % of Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Living benefit/GMDB features(1)(2): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Both ALM strategy and automatic rebalancing(3)(4) | $ | 56,529 | 70 | % | $ | 60,491 | 70 | % | $ | 61,645 | 69 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ALM strategy only(4) | 1,540 | 2 | % | 1,650 | 2 | % | 1,690 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Automatic rebalancing only | 60 | 0 | % | 63 | 0 | % | 70 | 0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External reinsurance(5) | 9,068 | 11 | % | 9,582 | 11 | % | 10,371 | 12 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PDI | 1,180 | 1 | % | 1,232 | 1 | % | 1,319 | 1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other products | 894 | 1 | % | 1,008 | 1 | % | 947 | 1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total living benefit/GMDB features | 69,271 | 74,026 | 76,042 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GMDB features and other(6) | 12,365 | 15 | % | 13,177 | 15 | % | 13,097 | 15 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total annuity account value | $ | 81,636 | $ | 87,203 | $ | 89,139 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1) Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.
(2) All contracts with living benefit guarantees also contain GMDB features, which cover the same insured contract.
(3) Contracts with living benefits that are included in our ALM strategy and that have an automatic rebalancing feature.
(4) Excludes retained PDI which is presented separately within this table.
(5) Represents contracts subject to reinsurance transactions with external counterparties. Includes approximately $8 billion of account values in relation to the PDI reinsurance transaction, and certain Highest Daily Lifetime Income (“HDI”) v.3.0 business for the period April 1, 2015 through December 31, 2016. The HDI contracts with living benefits also have an automatic rebalancing feature. See Note 12 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(6) Includes contracts that have a GMDB feature and do not have an automatic rebalancing feature.
International Businesses
Business Updates
•As previously disclosed, in January 2026, The Prudential Life Insurance Company, Ltd. (“Prudential of Japan”), a Japanese insurance subsidiary of the Company, reported the findings of its internal investigation into incidents of misconduct involving certain employees of Prudential of Japan. In response to these findings, Prudential of Japan is implementing a series of actions which include strengthening oversight of sales practices, governance and risk management, as well as leadership changes. Moreover, in February 2026, following discussions with the Japanese regulator, the Company voluntarily suspended new sales activity at Prudential of Japan for a 90-day period commencing February 9, 2026. In April 2026, the Company announced the voluntary extension of the new sales suspension for an additional 180 days through November 5, 2026. See “—Company Overview” above for additional information.
•In January 2026, an agreement was entered into to sell the Company’s 24% equity interest (through a private equity limited partnership managed by LeapFrog Investments) in ICEA Lion Insurance Holdings, Ltd., a Kenya-based insurer and asset manager. The closing of this transaction is subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. This investment was not a significant contributor to the International Businesses segment’s operating results, and beginning in the fourth quarter of 2025, its results are reflected in Divested and Run-off Businesses included within our Corporate and Other operations in “Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities, net of taxes.”
•In April 2026, an agreement was signed to sell the Company’s 49% equity interest in a life insurance joint venture in Indonesia to its joint venture partner, CT Corp. The closing of this transaction is subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions. This joint venture was not a significant contributor to the International Businesses segment’s operating results, and beginning in the first quarter of 2026, its results are reflected in Divested and Run-off Businesses included within our Corporate and Other operations in “Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities, net of taxes.”
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Operating Results
The results of our International Businesses’ operations are translated on the basis of weighted average monthly exchange rates, inclusive of the effects of the intercompany arrangement discussed in “—Results of Operations—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates” above. To provide a better understanding of operating performance within the International Businesses, where indicated below, we have analyzed our results of operations excluding the effect of the year-over-year change in foreign currency exchange rates. Our results of operations, excluding the effect of foreign currency fluctuations, were derived by translating foreign currencies to USD at uniform exchange rates for all periods presented, including for constant dollar information discussed below. For our Japan operations, we used an exchange rate of 147 yen per USD. In addition, for constant dollar information discussed below, activity denominated in USD is generally reported based on the amounts as transacted in USD. Annualized new business premiums presented on a constant exchange rate basis in the “Sales Results” section below reflect translation based on these same uniform exchange rates.
The following table sets forth the International Businesses’ operating results for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating results: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 4,787 | $ | 4,738 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits and expenses | 3,977 | 3,890 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income | 810 | 848 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments | (500) | 202 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses) | 2 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Market experience updates | 22 | 37 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests | (39) | (29) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | 295 | $ | 1,064 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted operating income decreased $38 million, including an unfavorable comparative net impact of $5 million from foreign currency fluctuations. Excluding this item, adjusted operating income decreased $33 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher operating expenses, primarily driven by remediation costs associated with the Prudential of Japan matter, as discussed above, and to support business growth.
This variance was partially offset by:
•higher net investment spread results, primarily driven by higher reinvestment rates and business growth, as well as higher prepayment fee income and higher income from non-coupon investments;
•higher underwriting results, driven by business growth, partially offset by impacts from the Prudential of Japan matter, including the suspension of sales and elevated surrenders; and
•higher surrender charges, including the elevated impacts from the Prudential of Japan matter.
Revenue increased $49 million, including an unfavorable comparative net impact of $13 million from foreign currency fluctuations. Excluding this item, revenue increased $62 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher net investment income, driven by higher reinvestment rates, business growth, and higher prepayment fee income, as well as higher income from non-coupon investments; and
•higher policy charges and fee income, driven by growth in retirement and savings products in Japan and higher surrender charges.
These variances were partially offset by:
•lower premiums attributable to the decline of traditional life insurance business in force in Japan and the impact of the sales suspension related to the Prudential of Japan matter, partially offset by business growth in Brazil.
Benefits and expenses increased $87 million, including a favorable comparative net impact of $8 million from foreign currency fluctuations. Excluding this item, benefits and expenses increased $95 million, primarily reflecting:
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•higher general and administrative expenses, primarily driven by remediation costs associated with the Prudential of Japan matter, and to support business growth;
•higher interest credited to policyholders’ account balances, reflecting growth in retirement and savings products in Japan; and
•unfavorable changes in estimates of the liability for future policy benefits, reflecting higher surrenders.
These variances were partially offset by:
•lower policyholders’ benefits, including changes in reserves, due to the decline of traditional life insurance business in force in Japan, and impacts from the Prudential of Japan matter, including the suspension of sales and elevated surrenders.
Sales Results
The following table sets forth annualized new business premiums, as defined under “—Results of Operations—Segment Measures” above, on an actual and constant exchange rate basis for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2026(1) | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Annualized new business premiums: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| On an actual exchange rate basis | $ | 429 | $ | 576 | |||||||||||||||||||
| On a constant exchange rate basis | $ | 424 | $ | 578 | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)2026 results reflect the impact of the sales suspension resulting from the Prudential of Japan matter.
The amount of annualized new business premiums and the sales mix, in terms of types and currency denomination of products, for any given period can be significantly impacted by several factors, including but not limited to: the addition of new products, discontinuation of existing products, changes in credited interest rates for certain products and other product modifications, changes in premium rates, changes in interest rates or fluctuations in currency markets, changes in tax laws, changes in life insurance regulations or changes in the competitive environment. Sales volume may increase or decrease prior to certain of these changes becoming effective and then fluctuate in the other direction following such changes.
Our diverse product portfolio in Japan, in terms of currency mix and premium payment structure, allows us to adapt to changing market and competitive dynamics. We regularly examine our product offerings and their related profitability and reprice or discontinue sales of certain products that do not meet our profit expectations. The impact of these actions, coupled with the introduction of certain new products, has generally resulted in higher sales of products denominated in USD relative to products denominated in other currencies; however, more recently we have experienced an increase in sales of our yen-denominated product offerings as a result of growing demand for these products.
The table below presents annualized new business premiums on a constant exchange rate basis, by product category and distribution channel, for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026(1) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life | Accident & Health | Retirement (2) | Investment Contracts (3) | Total | Life | Accident & Health | Retirement (2) | Investment Contracts (3) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Planner | $ | 71 | $ | 17 | $ | 39 | $ | 25 | $ | 152 | $ | 102 | $ | 18 | $ | 73 | $ | 67 | $ | 260 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Life Consultants | 19 | 4 | 23 | 61 | 107 | 22 | 4 | 23 | 82 | 131 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Banks | 24 | 3 | 0 | 55 | 82 | 25 | 2 | 0 | 68 | 95 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Independent Agency and Other | 26 | 3 | 17 | 37 | 83 | 35 | 6 | 22 | 29 | 92 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 140 | $ | 27 | $ | 79 | $ | 178 | $ | 424 | $ | 184 | $ | 30 | $ | 118 | $ | 246 | $ | 578 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)2026 results reflect the impact of the sales suspension resulting from the Prudential of Japan matter.
(2)Includes retirement income, endowment and savings variable life.
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(3)Includes single-payment market value adjusted investment contracts, single-payment whole life products and recurring-payment annuity products.
Annualized new business premiums, on a constant exchange rate basis, decreased $154 million:
•Life Planner sales decreased $108 million, primarily driven by lower sales in Japan across all products resulting from the sales suspension at Prudential of Japan, as discussed above;
•Life Consultant and Bank channel sales decreased $24 million and $13 million, respectively, primarily driven by lower investment contract product sales; and
•Independent Agency and Other sales decreased $9 million, driven by lower life and retirement product sales, partially offset by higher investment contract product sales.
Corporate and Other
Operating Results
Corporate and Other includes corporate operations, after allocations to our business segments, and Divested and Run-off Businesses other than those that qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. The following table sets forth Corporate and Other’s operating results for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating results: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment income | $ | 46 | $ | 55 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense on debt | (225) | (236) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension and employee benefits | 92 | 102 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other corporate activities | (243) | (336) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted operating income | (330) | (415) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Realized investment gains (losses), net, and related charges and adjustments | (1) | (107) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Market experience updates | (3) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Divested and Run-off Businesses | 64 | (51) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities and earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests | (13) | 21 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | (283) | $ | (554) | |||||||||||||||||||
The loss from Corporate and Other operations, on an adjusted operating income basis, decreased $85 million primarily reflecting:
•lower net charges from other corporate activities, primarily driven by lower corporate spending on initiatives, and favorable foreign exchange rate impacts; and
•lower interest expense on debt, largely driven by lower average debt balances.
These variances were partially offset by:
•lower investment income results, primarily driven by lower average asset balances and lower interest rates, partially offset by higher income from non-coupon investments; and
•unfavorable pension and employee benefits results, primarily driven by lower earnings from the Company’s pension plans reflecting a decrease in expected returns on plan assets.
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Divested and Run-off Businesses
Divested and Run-off Businesses Included in Corporate and Other
Income from our Divested and Run-off Businesses includes results from several businesses that have been or will be sold or exited, including businesses that have been placed in wind down status that do not qualify for “discontinued operations” accounting treatment under U.S. GAAP. The results of these Divested and Run-off Businesses are reflected in our Corporate and Other operations but are excluded from adjusted operating income. A summary of the results of the Divested and Run-off Businesses reflected in our Corporate and Other operations is as follows for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-Term Care | $ | (17) | $ | (37) | |||||||||||||||||||
Other(1) | 81 | (14) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Divested and Run-off Businesses income (loss) excluded from adjusted operating income | $ | 64 | $ | (51) | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Effective first quarter of 2026, the results of PGIM India are excluded from PGIM’s adjusted operating results and are included herein.
Long-Term Care. Results increased $20 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher net realized investment gains from sales of fixed income securities and the favorable impact of market value changes on derivatives.
This variance was partially offset by:
•more unfavorable impacts from changes in the market value of equity securities; and
•lower underwriting results primarily driven by unfavorable morbidity experience.
Other Divested and Run-off Businesses. Results increased $95 million, primarily reflecting:
•favorable results related to the Full Service Retirement business, primarily reflecting accelerated deferred gain amortization resulting from policy novations; and
•higher results related to Assurance IQ driven by favorable Medicare business performance.
Closed Block Division
The Closed Block division includes certain in-force traditional domestic participating life insurance and annuity products and assets that are used for the payment of benefits and policyholder dividends on these policies (collectively, the “Closed Block”), as well as certain related assets and liabilities. We no longer offer these traditional domestic participating policies. See Note 13 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Each year, the Board of Directors of The Prudential Insurance Company of America (“PICA”) determines the dividends payable on participating policies for the following year based on the experience of the Closed Block, including investment income, net realized and unrealized investment gains (losses), mortality experience and other factors. Although the Closed Block experience for dividend action decisions is based upon statutory results, at the time the Closed Block was established, we developed, as required by U.S. GAAP, an actuarial calculation of the timing of the maximum future earnings from the policies included in the Closed Block. Actual cumulative earnings, as required by U.S. GAAP, reflect the recognition of realized investment gains and losses in the current period, as well as changes in assets and related liabilities that support the Closed Block policies. If actual cumulative earnings in any given period are greater than the cumulative earnings we expected, we record this excess as a policyholder dividend obligation. Additionally, any accumulated net unrealized investment gains that have arisen subsequent to the establishment of the Closed Block are reflected as a policyholder dividend obligation, with a corresponding amount reported in AOCI, while any accumulated net unrealized investment losses are reflected as a reduction of the policyholder dividend obligation, to the extent the overall policyholder dividend obligation is otherwise positive.
We will subsequently pay this excess to Closed Block policyholders as an additional dividend unless it is otherwise offset by future Closed Block performance that is less favorable than we originally expected. The policyholder dividends we charge to expense within the Closed Block division will include any change in our policyholder dividend obligation that we recognize for
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the excess of actual cumulative earnings in any given period over the cumulative earnings we expected in addition to the actual policyholder dividends declared by the Board of Directors of PICA. If actual cumulative earnings fall below expected cumulative earnings in future periods, earnings volatility in the Closed Block division, which is primarily due to changes in investment results, may not be offset by changes in the cumulative earnings policyholder dividend obligation. For a discussion of the Closed Block division’s realized investment gains (losses), net, see “—General Account Investments.”
As of March 31, 2026, the excess of actual cumulative earnings over the expected cumulative earnings was $1,487 million, which was recorded as a policyholder dividend obligation. Actual cumulative earnings, as required by U.S. GAAP, reflect the recognition of realized investment gains and losses in the current period, as well as changes in assets and related liabilities that support the Closed Block policies. As of March 31, 2026, net unrealized investment losses have arisen subsequent to the establishment of the Closed Block due to the impacts of higher interest rates on the market value of fixed maturities available-for-sale. The impact of these net unrealized investment losses has been reflected as a decrease to the policyholder dividend obligation of $1,407 million at March 31, 2026, with a corresponding amount reported in AOCI.
Operating Results
The following table sets forth the Closed Block division’s results for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. GAAP results: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 879 | $ | 820 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits and expenses | 890 | 842 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities | $ | (11) | $ | (22) | |||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity in earnings of joint ventures and other operating entities increased $11 million, primarily reflecting higher net investment activity results, driven by:
•higher net investment income from non-coupon and fixed income investments;
•lower realized investment losses, primarily driven by favorable changes in the market value of derivatives, partially offset by higher losses from the sale of fixed income securities; and
•higher other income, primarily driven by less unfavorable changes in the market value of equity securities.
As a result of these and other factors, a $148 million reduction in the policyholder dividend obligation was recorded in the first three months of 2026, compared to a $245 million reduction in the first three months of 2025.
Revenues increased $59 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher net investment income;
•lower realized investment losses; and
•higher other income, as discussed above.
Benefits and expenses increased $48 million, primarily reflecting:
•higher dividends to policyholders, reflecting a lower reduction in the policyholder dividend obligation due to changes in cumulative earnings and other factors, as discussed above.
Accounting Policies & Pronouncements
Application of Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the application of accounting policies that often involve a significant degree of judgment. Management, on an ongoing basis, reviews the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the Company’s financial statements. If management determines that modifications to assumptions and estimates are appropriate given current facts and circumstances, the Company’s results of operations and financial position as reported in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements could change significantly.
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Management believes the accounting policies relating to the following areas are most dependent on the application of estimates and assumptions and require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments:
•Insurance liabilities;
•Goodwill;
•Valuation of investments including derivatives, measurement of allowance for credit losses, and recognition of other-than-temporary impairments (“OTTI”);
•Pension and other postretirement benefits;
•Taxes on income;
•Reserves for contingencies, including reserves for losses in connection with unresolved legal matters; and
•Reinsurance.
Market Performance - Equity and Interest Rate Assumptions
The liability for future policy benefits for certain of our universal life type products includes quarterly adjustments for the impact of changes to our estimate of future rates of returns on investments to reflect actual fund performance and market conditions. A portion of the returns on investments for our variable life contracts are dependent upon the total rate of return on assets held in separate account investment options. This rate of return influences the fees we earn and expected claims to be paid on variable life contracts, as well as other sources of profit. Returns that are higher than our expectations for a given period produce higher than expected account balances, which increase the future fees we expect to earn on variable life contracts and decrease expected claims to be paid on variable life contracts. The opposite occurs when returns are lower than our expectations.
The weighted average rate of return assumptions used in developing estimated market returns consider many factors specific to each product type, including asset durations, asset allocations, and other factors. With regard to equity market assumptions, the near-term future rate of return assumption used in evaluating liabilities for future policy benefits for certain of our products, primarily our domestic and international variable life insurance products, is generally updated each quarter and is derived using a reversion to the mean approach, a common industry practice. Under this approach, we consider historical equity returns and adjust projected equity returns over an initial future period of five years (the “near-term”) so that equity returns converge to the long-term expected rate of return. If the near-term projected future rate of return is greater than our near-term maximum future rate of return of 15.0%, we use our maximum future rate of return. If the near-term projected future rate of return is lower than our near-term minimum future rate of return of 0%, we use our minimum future rate of return. As of March 31, 2026, our domestic variable life insurance businesses assume an 8.0% long-term equity expected rate of return and a 3.3% near-term mean reversion equity expected rate of return, and our international variable life insurance business assumes a 5.5% long-term equity expected rate of return and a 0% near-term mean reversion equity expected rate of return.
With regard to interest rate assumptions used in evaluating liabilities for future policy benefits for certain of our products, we update the long-term and near-term future rates used to project fixed income returns annually and quarterly, respectively. As a result of our 2025 annual reviews and update of assumptions and other refinements, we kept our long-term expectation of the 10-year U.S. Treasury rate unchanged and continue to grade to a rate of 3.5% over ten years, and increased our long-term expectation of the 10-year Japanese Government Bond yield by 25 basis points and now grade to a rate of 1.5% over ten years. As part of our quarterly market experience updates, we update our near-term projections of interest rates to reflect changes in current rates.
For further discussion of impacts that could result from changes in these key estimates and assumptions, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Accounting Policies and Pronouncements—Application of Critical Accounting Estimates” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for accounting pronouncements issued but not yet adopted and newly adopted accounting pronouncements.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
Liquidity refers to the ability to generate sufficient cash resources to meet the payment obligations of the Company. Capital refers to the long-term financial resources available to support the operations of our businesses, fund business growth, and provide a cushion to withstand adverse circumstances. Our ability to generate and maintain sufficient liquidity and capital depends on the profitability of our businesses, general economic conditions and our access to the capital markets and the alternate sources of liquidity and capital described herein.
Effective and prudent liquidity and capital management is a priority across the Company. Management monitors the liquidity of Prudential Financial and its subsidiaries on a daily basis and projects borrowing and capital needs over a multi-year time horizon. We use a Risk Appetite Framework (“RAF”) to ensure that all risks taken across the Company align with our capacity and willingness to take those risks. The RAF provides a dynamic assessment of capital and liquidity stress impacts and is intended to ensure that sufficient resources are available to absorb those impacts. We believe that our capital and liquidity resources are sufficient to satisfy the capital and liquidity requirements of Prudential Financial and its subsidiaries.
Our businesses are subject to comprehensive regulation and supervision by domestic and international regulators. These regulations currently include requirements (many of which are the subject of ongoing rule-making) relating to capital and liquidity management. For information regarding these regulatory initiatives and their potential impact on us, see “Business—Regulation” and “Risk Factors” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Capital
The primary components of the Company’s capitalization consist of equity and outstanding capital debt, including junior subordinated debt. As shown in the table below, as of March 31, 2026, the Company had $49.6 billion in capital, all of which was available to support the aggregate capital requirements of its businesses and its Corporate and Other operations. Based on our assessment of these businesses and operations, we believe this level of capital is consistent with our ratings targets.
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Equity(1) | $ | 35,425 | $ | 35,515 | |||||||
| Junior subordinated debt (including hybrid securities) | 7,596 | 7,595 | |||||||||
| Other capital debt | 6,560 | 6,500 | |||||||||
| Total capital | $ | 49,581 | $ | 49,610 | |||||||
__________
(1)Amounts attributable to Prudential Financial, excluding AOCI.
We manage PICA, The Prudential Life Insurance Company, Ltd. (“Prudential of Japan”), The Gibraltar Life Insurance Co., Ltd. (“Gibraltar Life”), and other significant insurance subsidiaries to regulatory capital levels consistent with our “AA” ratings targets. We utilize the risk-based capital (“RBC”) ratio as a primary measure of the capital adequacy of our domestic insurance subsidiaries and the solvency margin ratio as a primary measure of the capital adequacy of our Japanese insurance subsidiaries.
RBC ratio calculations are intended to assist insurance regulators in measuring an insurer’s solvency and ability to pay future claims. The reporting of RBC measures is not intended for the purpose of ranking any insurance company or for use in connection with any marketing, advertising or promotional activities, but is available to the public.
PICA’s RBC ratio as of December 31, 2025, its most recent statutory fiscal year-end and RBC reporting date, was 415%. PICA’s RBC ratio is calculated on a consolidated basis and included Pruco Life Insurance Company (“Pruco Life”), Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (“PLNJ”), which is a subsidiary of Pruco Life, and Prudential Legacy Insurance Company of New Jersey (“PLIC”).
Similar to the RBC ratios that are employed by U.S. insurance regulators, regulatory authorities in the international jurisdictions in which we operate generally establish some form of minimum solvency margin requirements for insurance companies based on local statutory accounting practices. These solvency margins are a primary measure of the capital adequacy
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of our international insurance operations. Maintenance of our solvency margins at certain levels is also important to our competitive positioning, as in certain jurisdictions, such as Japan, these solvency margins are required to be disclosed to the public and therefore impact the public perception of an insurer’s financial strength.
The table below presents the solvency margin ratios of our most significant international insurance subsidiaries as of December 31, 2025, the most recent date for which this information is available, and represents the final reporting period for which solvency margin ratios are presented as Japan transitions to the Economic Solvency Ratio framework, as described below.
| Ratio | |||||
| Prudential of Japan consolidated(1) | 769 | % | |||
| Gibraltar Life consolidated(2) | 926 | % | |||
__________
(1)Includes Prudential Trust Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Prudential of Japan.
(2)Includes Prudential Gibraltar Financial Life Insurance Co., Ltd. (“PGFL”), a subsidiary of Gibraltar Life.
The Japanese Financial Services Agency (“FSA”) has implemented a new market-based replacement to the solvency margin ratio framework entitled the Economic Solvency Ratio (“ESR”) that applies to our Japanese insurance subsidiaries. The ESR became effective in April 2025, for reporting as of March 31, 2026, with disclosure under the new framework required later in 2026.
All of our domestic and significant international insurance subsidiaries have capital levels that substantially exceed the minimum level required by applicable insurance regulations. The statutory capital of our insurance companies and our overall capital flexibility could be impacted by, among other things, market conditions and changes in insurance reserves, including those stemming from updates to our actuarial assumptions. Our regulatory capital levels also may be affected in the future by changes to the applicable regulations, proposals for which are currently under consideration by both domestic and international insurance regulators. For additional information regarding the calculation of RBC and solvency margin ratios, as well as regulatory minimums, see Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Captive Reinsurance Companies
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Capital—Captive Reinsurance Companies” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, for a discussion of our use of captive reinsurance companies.
Shareholder Distributions
Share Repurchase Program and Shareholder Dividends
In December 2025, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase, at management’s discretion, up to $1.0 billion of its outstanding Common Stock during the period from January 1, 2026 through December 31, 2026. In general, the timing and amount of share repurchases are determined by management based on market conditions and other considerations, including compliance with applicable laws and any increased capital needs of our businesses due to, among other things, credit migration and losses in our investment portfolio, changes in regulatory capital requirements and opportunities for growth and acquisitions. Repurchases may be executed in the open market, through derivative, accelerated repurchase and other negotiated transactions and through plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
The following table sets forth information about declarations of Common Stock dividends, as well as repurchases of shares of Prudential Financial’s Common Stock, for the periods indicated:
| Dividend Amount | Shares Repurchased | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months ended: | Per Share | Aggregate | Shares | Total Cost | |||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share data) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2026 | $ | 1.40 | $ | 496 | 2.4 | $ | 250 | ||||||||||||||||
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Liquidity
Liquidity management and stress testing are performed on a legal entity basis as the ability to transfer funds between subsidiaries is limited due in part to regulatory restrictions. Liquidity needs are determined through daily and quarterly cash flow forecasting at the holding company and within our operating subsidiaries. We seek to maintain a minimum balance of highly liquid assets to ensure that adequate liquidity is available at Prudential Financial to cover fixed expenses in the event that we experience reduced cash flows from our operating subsidiaries at a time when access to capital markets is also not available.
We seek to mitigate the risk of having limited or no access to financing due to stressed market conditions by generally pre-funding debt in advance of maturity. We mitigate the refinancing risk associated with our debt that is used to fund operating needs by matching the term of debt with the assets financed. To ensure adequate liquidity in stress scenarios, stress testing is performed for our major operating subsidiaries. We seek to further mitigate liquidity risk by maintaining our access to alternative sources of liquidity, as discussed below.
Liquidity of Prudential Financial
The principal sources of funds available to Prudential Financial, the parent holding company, are dividends, returns of capital and loans from subsidiaries, and proceeds from debt issuances and certain stock-based compensation activity. These sources of funds may be supplemented by Prudential Financial’s access to the capital markets as well as the “—Alternative Sources of Liquidity” described below.
The primary uses of funds at Prudential Financial include servicing debt, making capital contributions and loans to subsidiaries, making acquisitions, paying declared shareholder dividends and repurchasing outstanding shares of Common Stock executed under authority from the Board.
As of March 31, 2026, Prudential Financial had highly liquid assets with a carrying value totaling $4,477 million, a decrease of $256 million from December 31, 2025. Highly liquid assets predominantly include cash, short-term investments, U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of other U.S. government authorities and agencies, and/or foreign government bonds. We maintain an intercompany liquidity account that is designed to optimize the use of cash by facilitating the lending and borrowing of funds between Prudential Financial and its subsidiaries on a daily basis. Excluding the net borrowings from this intercompany liquidity account, Prudential Financial had highly liquid assets of $3,712 million as of March 31, 2026, a decrease of $105 million from December 31, 2025.
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The following table sets forth Prudential Financial’s principal sources and uses of highly liquid assets, excluding net borrowings from our intercompany liquidity account, for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Highly Liquid Assets, beginning of period | $ | 3,817 | $ | 4,641 | ||||||||||
| Dividends and/or returns of capital from subsidiaries(1) | 790 | 606 | ||||||||||||
Affiliated (borrowings)/loans - (capital activities)(2) | 102 | 11 | ||||||||||||
Capital contributions to subsidiaries(3) | (107) | (16) | ||||||||||||
| Total Business Capital Activity(4) | 785 | 601 | ||||||||||||
Share repurchases(5) | (246) | (246) | ||||||||||||
Common Stock dividends(6) | (502) | (491) | ||||||||||||
| Total Share Repurchases, Dividends and Business Disposition Activity | (748) | (737) | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from the issuance of debt(7) | 58 | 794 | ||||||||||||
| Repayments of debt | (500) | (2) | ||||||||||||
| Total Debt Activity | (442) | 792 | ||||||||||||
| Net interest expense | (374) | (340) | ||||||||||||
Affiliated (borrowings)/loans - (operating activities)(8) | 188 | (94) | ||||||||||||
Tax cash flows(4) | 420 | 29 | ||||||||||||
Other corporate cash flows(4) | (9) | (51) | ||||||||||||
Share issuances for employee stock purchases and other(4) | 75 | 79 | ||||||||||||
| Total Other Activity | 300 | (377) | ||||||||||||
| Net increase/(decrease) in highly liquid assets | (105) | 279 | ||||||||||||
| Highly Liquid Assets, end of period | $ | 3,712 | $ | 4,920 | ||||||||||
__________
(1)2026 includes $700 million from PICA and $90 million from PGIM subsidiaries. 2025 includes $500 million from Individual Life insurance captives, $53 million from international insurance subsidiaries and $53 million from PGIM subsidiaries.
(2)Represents loans to and from subsidiaries made for capital management purposes. 2026 includes $102 from international insurance subsidiaries. 2025 includes $11 million from captive reinsurance subsidiaries.
(3)2026 includes capital contributions of $107 million to international subsidiaries. 2025 includes capital contributions of $10 million to other subsidiaries and $6 million to PICA.
(4)2026 “Total Business Capital Activity” includes segment inflows of $898 million from U.S. Businesses, $281 million from International Businesses, $111 million from PGIM, and outflows of $505 million to Corporate and Other operations. 2025 “Total Business Capital Activity” includes segment inflows of $508 million from U.S. Businesses, $137 million from PGIM, $117 million from International Businesses, and outflows of $161 million to Corporate and Other operations. In addition, Corporate & Other operations had net inflows of $486 million and $57 million, respectively, from “Tax cash flows,” “Other corporate cash flows” and “Share issuances for employee stock purchases and other,” as shown within this table.
(5)Excludes cash payments made on trades that settled in the subsequent period.
(6)Includes cash payments made on dividends declared in prior periods.
(7)Includes $58 million and $50 million of proceeds from the issuance of retail medium-term notes that were used exclusively to purchase funding agreements from PICA in 2026 and 2025, respectively.
(8)Represents loans to and from subsidiaries to support business operating needs.
Dividends and Returns of Capital from Subsidiaries
Domestic insurance subsidiaries. During the first three months of 2026, Prudential Financial received dividends of $700 million from PICA. In addition to paying Common Stock dividends, our domestic insurance operations may return capital to Prudential Financial by other means, such as affiliated lending, and reinsurance with Bermuda-based affiliates.
International insurance subsidiaries. During the first three months of 2026, Prudential Financial did not receive dividends from its international insurance subsidiaries. In addition to paying Common Stock dividends, our international insurance operations may return capital to Prudential Financial by other means, such as the repayment of preferred stock obligations held by Prudential Financial or other affiliates, affiliated lending, affiliated derivatives and reinsurance with U.S.- and Bermuda-based affiliates.
Other subsidiaries. During the first three months of 2026, Prudential Financial received dividends of $90 million from PGIM subsidiaries.
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Restriction on dividends and returns of capital from subsidiaries. Our insurance companies are subject to limitations on the payment of dividends and other transfers of funds to Prudential Financial and other affiliates under applicable insurance law and regulation. Further, market conditions could negatively impact capital positions of our insurance companies, which could further restrict their ability to pay dividends. More generally, the payment of dividends by any of our subsidiaries is subject to declaration by their Board of Directors and can be affected by market conditions and other factors.
With respect to our domestic insurance subsidiaries, PICA is permitted to pay ordinary dividends based on calculations specified under New Jersey insurance law, subject to prior notification to the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance (“NJDOBI”). Any distributions above this amount in any twelve-month period are considered to be “extraordinary” dividends, and the approval of the NJDOBI is required prior to payment. The laws regulating dividends of the states where our other domestic insurance companies are domiciled are similar, but not identical, to those of New Jersey.
Capital redeployment from our international insurance subsidiaries is subject to local regulatory requirements in the international jurisdictions in which they operate. Our most significant international insurance subsidiaries, Prudential of Japan and Gibraltar Life, are permitted to pay Common Stock dividends based on calculations specified by Japanese insurance business law. Dividends in excess of these amounts and other forms of capital distribution may require the prior approval of the FSA. The regulatory fiscal year end for both Prudential of Japan and Gibraltar Life is March 31, after which time the Common Stock dividend amount permitted to be paid without prior approval from the FSA can be determined.
The ability of our PGIM subsidiaries and the majority of our other operating subsidiaries to pay dividends is largely unrestricted from a regulatory standpoint.
See Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, for information regarding specific dividend restrictions.
Liquidity of Insurance Subsidiaries
We manage the liquidity of our insurance operations to ensure stable, reliable and cost-effective sources of cash flows to meet all of our obligations. Liquidity within each of our insurance subsidiaries is provided by a variety of sources, including portfolios of liquid assets. The investment portfolios of our subsidiaries are integral to the overall liquidity of our insurance operations. We segment our investment portfolios and employ an asset/liability management approach specific to the requirements of each of our product lines. This enhances the discipline applied in managing the liquidity, as well as the interest rate and credit risk profiles, of each portfolio in a manner consistent with the unique characteristics of the product liabilities.
Liquidity is measured against internally-developed benchmarks that take into account the characteristics of both the asset portfolio and the liabilities that they support. We consider attributes of the various categories of liquid assets (for example, type of asset and credit quality) in calculating internal liquidity measures to evaluate our insurance operations’ liquidity under various stress scenarios, including company-specific and market-wide events. We continue to believe that cash generated by ongoing operations and the profile of our assets provide sufficient liquidity under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios for each of our insurance subsidiaries.
The principal sources of liquidity for our insurance subsidiaries are premiums, investment and fee income, investment maturities, sales of investments, and sales associated with our insurance and annuity operations, as well as internal and external borrowings. The principal uses of liquidity include benefits, claims and dividends paid to policyholders, and payments to policyholders and contractholders in connection with surrenders, withdrawals and net policy loan activity. Other uses of liquidity may include commissions, general and administrative expenses, purchases of investments, the payment of dividends to the parent holding company, hedging and reinsurance activity and payments in connection with financing activities.
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The following table sets forth the fair value of certain of our domestic insurance operations’ portfolio of liquid assets, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prudential Insurance(1) | PLIC | Pruco Life | Total | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and short-term investments | $ | 5.9 | $ | 1.1 | $ | 3.5 | $ | 10.5 | $ | 11.5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturity investments(2): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| High or highest quality | 127.4 | 26.0 | 51.4 | 204.8 | 203.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other than high or highest quality | 7.7 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 12.8 | 13.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | 135.1 | 28.1 | 54.4 | 217.6 | 216.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public equity securities, at fair value | 2.6 | 1.5 | 4.0 | 8.1 | 6.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 143.6 | $ | 30.7 | $ | 61.9 | $ | 236.2 | $ | 234.4 | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Represents legal entity view and as such includes both domestic and international activity.
(2)Credit quality is based on NAIC or equivalent rating.
The following table sets forth the fair value of our international insurance operations’ portfolio of liquid assets, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prudential of Japan | Gibraltar Life(1) | All Other(2) | Total | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and short-term investments | $ | 0.7 | $ | 3.6 | $ | 3.7 | $ | 8.0 | $ | 9.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturity investments(3): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| High or highest quality(4) | 22.9 | 43.0 | 30.7 | 96.6 | 97.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other than high or highest quality | 0.4 | 0.4 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 4.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | 23.3 | 43.4 | 34.7 | 101.4 | 102.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public equity securities | 4.1 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 5.4 | 5.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 28.1 | $ | 48.0 | $ | 38.7 | $ | 114.8 | $ | 117.0 | |||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Includes PGFL.
(2)Represents our international insurance operations, excluding Japan.
(3)Credit quality is based on NAIC or equivalent rating.
(4)As of March 31, 2026, $51.9 billion, or 54%, were invested in government or government agency bonds.
Liquidity associated with other activities
Hedging activities associated with variable annuities
For the portion of our U.S. Legacy Products’ variable annuities ALM strategy executed through hedging, we enter into a range of exchange-traded, cleared and other OTC equity and interest rate derivatives in order to hedge certain capital market risks related to more severe market conditions. This portion of our ALM strategy requires access to liquidity to meet payment obligations relating to these derivatives, such as payments for periodic settlements, purchases, maturities and terminations. These liquidity needs can vary materially due to, among other items, changes in interest rates, equity markets, mortality and policyholder behavior. For a full discussion of our U.S. Legacy Products’ variable annuities risk management strategy, see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Legacy Products.”
The hedging portion of our U.S. Legacy Products’ ALM strategy may also result in derivative related collateral postings to (when we are in a net post position) or from (when we are in a net receive position) counterparties. The net collateral position depends on changes in interest rates and equity markets related to the amount of the exposures hedged. Depending on market conditions, the collateral posting requirements can result in material liquidity needs when we are in a net post position.
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Foreign exchange hedging activities
We employ various hedging strategies to manage potential exposure to foreign currency exchange rate movements, particularly those associated with the yen. Our overall yen hedging strategy calibrates the hedge level to preserve the relative contribution of our yen-based business to the Company’s overall return on equity on a leverage neutral basis.
We hold both internal and external hedges primarily to hedge our USD-equivalent equity. These hedges also mitigate volatility in the solvency measures of yen-based subsidiaries resulting from changes in the market value of their USD-denominated investments hedging our USD-equivalent equity attributable to changes in the yen-USD exchange rate.
For additional information regarding our hedging strategy, see “—External and Economic Factors—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates.”
Cash settlements from these hedging activities result in cash flows between subsidiaries of Prudential Financial and either international-based subsidiaries or external parties. The cash flows are dependent on changes in foreign currency exchange rates and the notional amount of the exposures hedged. For example, a significant yen depreciation over an extended period of time could result in net cash inflows, while a significant yen appreciation could result in net cash outflows. The following tables set forth information about net cash settlements and the net asset or liability resulting from these hedging activities related to the yen and other currencies for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| Cash Settlements Received (Paid): | 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Internal Hedges(1) | $ | 136 | $ | 109 | |||||||
External Hedges(2) | (156) | 46 | |||||||||
| Total Cash Settlements | $ | (20) | $ | 155 | |||||||
| Assets (Liabilities): | March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Internal Hedges(1) | $ | 1,018 | $ | 999 | |||||||
External Hedges(3) | 183 | 97 | |||||||||
| Total Assets (Liabilities)(4) | $ | 1,201 | $ | 1,096 | |||||||
__________
(1)Represents internal transactions between international-based and U.S.-based entities. Amounts noted are from the U.S.-based entities’ perspectives.
(2)Includes non-yen related cash settlements received (paid) of ($12) million, primarily denominated in Brazilian real, Chilean peso and Australian Dollar and $3 million, primarily denominated in Brazilian real, Australian dollar and Chilean Peso for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
(3)Includes non-yen related assets (liabilities) of ($80) million, primarily denominated in Brazilian real, Chilean peso and Australian dollar as of March 31, 2026 and ($44) million, primarily denominated in Brazilian real, Chilean peso and Australian dollar, as of December 31, 2025.
(4)As of March 31, 2026, approximately $175 million, $314 million, $313 million and $400 million of the net market values are scheduled to settle in 2026, 2027, 2028, and thereafter, respectively. The net market value of the assets (liabilities) will vary with changing market conditions to the extent there are no corresponding offsetting positions.
PGIM operations
The principal sources of liquidity for our fee-based PGIM businesses include cash flows from asset management, commercial mortgage origination and servicing activities, and internal and external funding facilities. The principal uses of liquidity for our fee-based PGIM businesses include general and administrative expenses, facilitating our commercial mortgage loan business, funding needs of our seed and co-investment portfolio and distributions of dividends and returns of capital to Prudential Financial. The primary liquidity risks for our fee-based PGIM businesses relate to their profitability, which is impacted by market conditions, our investment management performance and client redemptions. We believe the cash flows from our fee-based PGIM businesses are adequate to satisfy the current liquidity requirements of these operations, as well as requirements that could arise under reasonably foreseeable stress scenarios, which are monitored through the use of internal measures.
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The principal sources of liquidity for our seed and co-investments held in our PGIM businesses are cash flows from investments, cash flows from our fee-based businesses, as described above, borrowing lines from internal sources, including Prudential Financial and Prudential Funding, LLC (“Prudential Funding”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of PICA, and external sources, including PGIM’s limited-recourse credit facility. The principal uses of liquidity for our seed and co-investments include making investments to support business growth and paying interest expense from the internal and external borrowings used to fund those investments. The primary liquidity risks include the inability to sell assets in a timely manner, declines in the value of assets and credit defaults.
There have been no material changes to the liquidity position of our PGIM operations since December 31, 2025.
Alternative Sources of Liquidity
In addition to asset-based financing as discussed below, Prudential Financial and certain subsidiaries have access to other sources of liquidity, including syndicated, unsecured committed credit facilities, membership in the FHLBNY, a funding agreement facility with Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (“Farmer Mac”), commercial paper programs and contingent financing facilities in the form of facility agreements. For additional information regarding these sources of liquidity, see Note 15 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein and Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Asset-based Financing
We conduct asset-based or secured financing within our insurance and other subsidiaries, including transactions such as securities lending, committed and uncommitted repurchase agreements and mortgage dollar rolls, to earn spread income, to borrow funds, or to facilitate trading activity. These programs are primarily driven by portfolio holdings of securities that are lendable based on counterparty demand for these securities in the marketplace. The collateral received in connection with these programs is primarily used to purchase securities in the short-term spread portfolios of our insurance entities. Investments held in the short-term spread portfolios include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments (primarily corporate bonds), mortgage loans, private placements, and other fixed and floating rate structured credit assets (CLOs), with a weighted average life at time of purchase by the short-term portfolios of five years or less. These short-term portfolios are subject to specific investment policy statements, which among other things, do not allow for significant asset/liability interest rate duration mismatch, and are managed to a weighted average maturity that cannot exceed 99 days beyond the weighted average maturity of the lending book, which is overnight.
The following table sets forth our liabilities under asset-based or secured financing programs as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PFI Excluding Closed Block Division | Closed Block Division | Consolidated | PFI Excluding Closed Block Division | Closed Block Division | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | $ | 8,223 | $ | 2,752 | $ | 10,975 | $ | 6,802 | $ | 2,796 | $ | 9,598 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash collateral for loaned securities | 8,705 | 200 | 8,905 | 8,379 | 321 | 8,700 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities sold but not yet purchased | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total(1)(2) | $ | 16,928 | $ | 2,952 | $ | 19,880 | $ | 15,181 | $ | 3,117 | $ | 18,298 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Portion of above securities that may be returned to the Company overnight requiring immediate return of the cash collateral | $ | 16,308 | $ | 2,950 | $ | 19,258 | $ | 13,527 | $ | 2,357 | $ | 15,884 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average maturity, in days(3) | 13 | 2 | 7 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)The daily average outstanding balance for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was $11,642 million for PFI excluding the Closed Block division, and $3,090 million for the Closed Block division.
(2)Includes utilization of external funding facilities for PGIM’s commercial mortgage origination business.
(3)Excludes securities that may be returned to the Company overnight.
As of March 31, 2026, our domestic insurance entities had assets eligible for the asset-based or secured financing programs of $93.3 billion, of which $18.2 billion were on loan. Taking into account market conditions and outstanding loan balances as of March 31, 2026, we believe approximately $32.2 billion of the remaining eligible assets are readily lendable, including approximately $27.7 billion relating to PFI excluding the Closed Block division, of which $10.5 billion relates to
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certain separate accounts and may only be used for financing activities related to those accounts, and the remaining $4.5 billion relating to the Closed Block division.
Financing Activities
As of March 31, 2026, total short-term and long-term debt of the Company on a consolidated basis was $19.8 billion, a decrease of $0.5 billion from December 31, 2025. The following table sets forth total consolidated borrowings of the Company as of the dates indicated. We may, from time to time, seek to redeem or repurchase our outstanding debt securities through open market purchases, individually negotiated transactions or otherwise. Any such actions will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity position, and other factors.
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowings: | Prudential Financial | Subsidiaries | Consolidated | Prudential Financial | Subsidiaries | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General obligation short-term debt: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper | $ | 25 | $ | 849 | $ | 874 | $ | 25 | $ | 849 | $ | 874 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | 36 | 0 | 36 | 536 | 0 | 536 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | 61 | 849 | 910 | 561 | 849 | 1,410 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General obligation long-term debt: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior debt | 10,884 | 0 | 10,884 | 10,823 | 0 | 10,823 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Junior subordinated debt | 7,557 | 39 | 7,596 | 7,555 | 40 | 7,595 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surplus notes(1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | 18,441 | 39 | 18,480 | 18,378 | 40 | 18,418 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total general obligations | 18,502 | 888 | 19,390 | 18,939 | 889 | 19,828 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Limited and non-recourse borrowings(2): | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current portion of long-term debt | 0 | 36 | 36 | 0 | 33 | 33 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | 0 | 402 | 402 | 0 | 438 | 438 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total limited and non-recourse borrowings | 0 | 438 | 438 | 0 | 471 | 471 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total borrowings | $ | 18,502 | $ | 1,326 | $ | 19,828 | $ | 18,939 | $ | 1,360 | $ | 20,299 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Amounts are net of assets under set-off arrangements of $15,844 million and $15,744 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Amounts include credit-linked note structures used to finance Guideline AXXX reserves for business reinsured to Somerset Reinsurance Ltd (“Somerset Re”) in March 2024.
(2)Limited and non-recourse borrowing primarily represents mortgage debt of our subsidiaries that has recourse only to real estate investment property of $218 million and $216 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively, and a draw on a credit facility that has recourse only to collateral pledged by the Company of $220 million and $255 million as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.
As of March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants related to the borrowings in the table above. For additional information regarding the Company’s short- and long-term debt obligations, see Note 15 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein and Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Prudential Financial’s consolidated borrowings decreased $0.5 billion from December 31, 2025. In March 2026, the company paid, at maturity, $500 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.50% medium-term notes.
In December 2025, the Company entered into an agreement with an external counterparty that allows for the issuance by PICA of up to $500 million in principal amount of surplus notes in return for a corresponding amount of credit-linked notes issued by a special-purpose wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. As of March 31, 2026, $381 million in principal amount of these surplus notes and credit-linked notes were outstanding. The PICA surplus notes are subordinated to policyholder obligations, and the payment of principal and interest on the surplus notes can only be made with prior insurance regulatory approval. PICA holds these credit-linked notes as assets supporting statutory requirements and can redeem the principal amount of the outstanding credit-linked notes for cash upon the occurrence of specified liquidity stress events affecting PICA. Under the agreements, the external counterparty has agreed to fund any such payments under these credit-linked notes in return for the
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receipt of fees. To date, no such payments under these credit-linked notes have been required. The surplus notes and credit-linked notes eliminate upon consolidation and are not reflected in the Company’s financial statements.
Term and Universal Life Reserve Financing
We use captive reinsurance subsidiaries to finance the portion of the statutory reserves required to be held by our domestic life insurance companies under Regulation XXX and Guideline AXXX that we consider to be non-economic. The financing arrangements involve the reinsurance of term and universal life business to our captive reinsurers and the issuance of surplus notes by those captives that are treated as capital for statutory purposes. These surplus notes are subordinated to policyholder obligations, and the payment of principal and interest on the surplus notes can only be made with prior insurance regulatory approval.
We have entered into agreements with external counterparties providing for the issuance of surplus notes by our captive reinsurers in return for the receipt of credit-linked notes (“Credit-Linked Note Structures”). As of March 31, 2026, we had Credit-Linked Note Structures with an aggregate issuance capacity of $8,000 million to support Regulation XXX reserves, of which $7,760 million was outstanding and matures in 2044, as compared to an aggregate issuance capacity of $8,000 million, of which $7,660 was outstanding, as of December 31, 2025. In addition, we use Credit-Linked Note Structures to finance Guideline AXXX reserves for business reinsured to Somerset Re in March 2024. Under the agreements, the captive receives in exchange for the surplus notes one or more credit-linked notes issued by a special-purpose affiliate of the Company with an aggregate principal amount equal to the surplus notes outstanding. The captive holds the credit-linked notes as assets supporting Regulation XXX or Guideline AXXX non-economic reserves, as applicable. For additional information regarding our Credit-Linked Note Structures, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Financing Activities” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
As of March 31, 2026, for purposes of financing Guideline AXXX non-economic reserves, one captive had $3,982 million of surplus notes outstanding that were issued to affiliates.
The Company introduced updated versions of its individual life products in conjunction with the requirement to adopt principle-based reserving by January 1, 2020. These updated products are currently priced to support the principle-based statutory reserve level without the need for reserve financing.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
See additional information regarding off-balance sheet arrangements in Note 15 and other commitments in Note 21 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
We do not have retained or contingent interests in assets transferred to unconsolidated entities, or variable interests in unconsolidated entities or other similar transactions, arrangements or relationships that serve as credit, liquidity or market risk support, that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or our access to or requirements for capital resources. In addition, we do not have relationships with any unconsolidated entities that are contractually limited to narrow activities that facilitate our transfer of or access to associated assets.
Ratings
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Ratings” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, for a discussion of our financial strength and credit ratings and their impact on our business.
On May 4th, 2026, Fitch announced that they revised the ratings outlook of Prudential Financial Inc. and its subsidiaries from Stable to Ratings Watch Negative.
There have been no other significant changes or actions in ratings or ratings outlooks for the Company that have occurred since the filing of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
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General Account Investments
Portfolio Composition
Our investment portfolio consists of public and private fixed maturity securities, commercial mortgage and other loans, policy loans and non-coupon investments, which include equity securities and other invested assets such as limited partnerships and limited liability companies (“LPs/LLCs”), real estate held through direct ownership, derivative instruments and seed money investments in separate accounts. The composition of our general account reflects, within the discipline provided by our risk management approach, our need for competitive results and the selection of diverse investment alternatives available primarily through our PGIM segment. The size of our portfolio enables us to invest in asset classes that may be unavailable to the typical investor.
A portion of our general account investments supports customer liabilities reinsured under coinsurance with funds withheld and modified coinsurance arrangements. With these reinsurance arrangements, we retain legal ownership of the assets (collectively, the “Funds Withheld”) which remain on our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, while the economic benefits and investment risk associated with the Funds Withheld assets ultimately inure to the reinsurer. The composition of the Funds Withheld assets is subject to investment guidelines specific to the reinsurance treaties, which may differ from the investment guidelines we set for our general account, excluding Funds Withheld. See Note 12 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our material reinsurance agreements.
The following tables set forth the composition of our general account investment portfolio apportioned between PFI excluding the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld, the Closed Block division, and Funds Withheld, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PFI Excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld | Closed Block Division | Funds Withheld | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public, available-for-sale, at fair value | $ | 215,536 | 53.4 | % | $ | 18,588 | $ | 4,528 | $ | 238,652 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private, available-for-sale, at fair value | 79,694 | 19.7 | 9,776 | 2,301 | 91,771 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value | 5,099 | 1.3 | 541 | 9,273 | 14,913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value | 4,781 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 4,781 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities, at fair value | 10,684 | 2.6 | 1,494 | 0 | 12,178 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans, at book value, net of allowance | 56,436 | 14.0 | 7,450 | 301 | 64,187 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy loans, at outstanding balance | 6,803 | 1.7 | 3,185 | 0 | 9,988 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets, net of allowance(1) | 18,051 | 4.5 | 4,706 | 1,995 | 24,752 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments, net of allowance | 6,633 | 1.6 | 264 | 17 | 6,914 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total general account investments | 403,717 | 100.0 | % | 46,004 | 18,415 | 468,136 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Invested assets of other entities and operations(2) | 5,988 | 0 | 0 | 5,988 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total investments | $ | 409,705 | $ | 46,004 | $ | 18,415 | $ | 474,124 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PFI Excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld | Closed Block Division | Funds Withheld | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Public, available-for-sale, at fair value | $ | 214,796 | 53.6 | % | $ | 18,833 | $ | 4,576 | $ | 238,205 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private, available-for-sale, at fair value | 80,634 | 20.2 | 10,049 | 2,217 | 92,900 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value | 4,818 | 1.2 | 581 | 9,049 | 14,448 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value | 4,842 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 4,842 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities, at fair value | 8,922 | 2.2 | 1,593 | 0 | 10,515 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans, at book value, net of allowance | 56,195 | 14.0 | 7,463 | 263 | 63,921 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy loans, at outstanding balance | 6,741 | 1.7 | 3,217 | 0 | 9,958 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets, net of allowance(1) | 17,684 | 4.4 | 4,532 | 1,850 | 24,066 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments, net of allowance | 6,078 | 1.5 | 255 | 71 | 6,404 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total general account investments | 400,710 | 100.0 | % | 46,523 | 18,026 | 465,259 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Invested assets of other entities and operations(2) | 5,260 | 0 | 0 | 5,260 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total investments | $ | 405,970 | $ | 46,523 | $ | 18,026 | $ | 470,519 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1) Other invested assets consists of investments in LPs/LLCs, investment real estate held through direct ownership, derivative instruments and other miscellaneous investments. For additional information regarding these investments, see “—Other Invested Assets” below.
(2)Includes invested assets of our investment management and derivative operations. Excludes assets of our investment management operations that are managed for third parties and those assets classified as “Separate account assets” on our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. For additional information regarding these investments, see “—Invested Assets of Other Entities and Operations” below.
The increase in general account investments attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld in the first three months of 2026 was primarily due to net business inflows, partially offset by a net increase in U.S. and Japan interest rates and the translation impact of the U.S. dollar strengthening against the yen. For information regarding the methodology used in determining the fair value of our fixed maturities, see Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
As of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, 39%, of our general account investments attributable to PFI excluding the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld related to our Japanese insurance operations. The following table sets forth the composition of the investments of our Japanese insurance operations’ general account, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| Japanese Insurance Operations | ||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||
| Public, available-for-sale, at fair value | $ | 101,777 | $ | 102,061 | ||||||||||
| Private, available-for-sale, at fair value | 20,607 | 21,284 | ||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value | 575 | 551 | ||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities, at fair value | 4,781 | 4,842 | ||||||||||||
| Equity securities, at fair value | 1,636 | 1,652 | ||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans, at book value, net of allowance | 14,247 | 14,487 | ||||||||||||
| Policy loans, at outstanding balance | 2,698 | 2,708 | ||||||||||||
| Other invested assets(1) | 6,573 | 6,357 | ||||||||||||
| Short-term investments, net of allowance | 2,698 | 2,166 | ||||||||||||
| Total Japanese general account investments | $ | 155,592 | $ | 156,108 | ||||||||||
__________
(1)Other invested assets consists of investments in LPs/LLCs, investment real estate held through direct ownership, derivative instruments and other miscellaneous investments.
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The decrease in general account investments related to our Japanese insurance operations in the first three months of 2026 was primarily due to an increase in Japan and U.S. interest rates and the translation impact of the U.S. dollar strengthening against the yen, partially offset by net business inflows.
As of March 31, 2026, our Japanese insurance operations had $98.2 billion, at carrying value, of investments denominated in U.S. dollars, including $2.3 billion that were hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts and $88.1 billion that support liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars, with the remainder constituting part of the hedging of foreign currency exchange rate exposure to U.S. dollar-equivalent equity. As of December 31, 2025, our Japanese insurance operations had $95.7 billion, at carrying value, of investments denominated in U.S. dollars, including $1.7 billion that were hedged to yen through third-party derivative contracts and $86.6 billion that support liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars, with the remainder constituting part of the hedging of foreign currency exchange rate exposure of U.S. dollar-equivalent equity. The $2.5 billion increase in the carrying value of U.S. dollar-denominated investments from December 31, 2025 was primarily attributable to portfolio growth as a result of net business inflows, partially offset by a net increase in U.S. interest rates.
Our Japanese insurance operations had $1.8 billion and $1.9 billion, at carrying value, of investments denominated in Australian dollars that support liabilities denominated in Australian dollars as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The $0.1 billion decrease in the carrying value of Australian dollar-denominated investments from December 31, 2025 was primarily attributable to run-off of the portfolio. For additional information regarding U.S. and Australian dollar investments held in our Japanese insurance operations and a discussion of our yen hedging strategy, see “—External and Economic Factors—Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Rates” above.
Investment Results
The following tables set forth the investment results of our general account apportioned between PFI excluding the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld, the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld, for the periods indicated. The yields are based on net investment income as reported under U.S. GAAP and as such do not include certain interest-related items, such as settlements of duration management swaps which are included in “Realized investment gains (losses), net.”
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PFI Excluding Closed Block Division, Funds Withheld and Japanese Insurance Operations | Japanese Insurance Operations | PFI Excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld | Closed Block Division | Funds Withheld | Total(5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yield(1) | Amount | Yield(1) | Amount | Yield(1) | Amount | Amount | Amount | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities(2) | 5.62 | % | $ | 2,501 | 3.41 | % | $ | 1,201 | 4.63 | % | $ | 3,702 | $ | 357 | $ | 189 | $ | 4,248 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities | 0.00 | 0 | 1.22 | 15 | 1.22 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | 2.31 | 47 | 2.45 | 10 | 2.33 | 57 | 8 | 0 | 65 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | 4.93 | 514 | 3.81 | 136 | 4.64 | 650 | 81 | 4 | 735 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy loans | 4.93 | 50 | 3.78 | 25 | 4.47 | 75 | 48 | (1) | 122 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments and cash equivalents | 4.98 | 154 | 4.17 | 46 | 4.77 | 200 | 12 | 2 | 214 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross investment income | 5.34 | 3,266 | 3.39 | 1,433 | 4.54 | 4,699 | 506 | 194 | 5,399 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment expenses | (0.20) | (218) | (0.12) | (84) | (0.16) | (302) | (53) | 0 | (355) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment income after investment expenses | 5.14 | % | 3,048 | 3.27 | % | 1,349 | 4.38 | % | 4,397 | 453 | 194 | 5,044 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets(3) | 177 | 146 | 323 | 77 | 187 | 587 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment results of other entities and operations(4) | 34 | 0 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net investment income | $ | 3,259 | $ | 1,495 | $ | 4,754 | $ | 530 | $ | 381 | $ | 5,665 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PFI Excluding Closed Block Division, Funds Withheld and Japanese Insurance Operations | Japanese Insurance Operations | PFI Excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld | Closed Block Division | Funds Withheld | Total(5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yield(1) | Amount | Yield(1) | Amount | Yield(1) | Amount | Amount | Amount | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities(2) | 5.41 | % | $ | 2,219 | 3.18 | % | $ | 1,094 | 4.38 | % | $ | 3,313 | $ | 358 | $ | 191 | $ | 3,862 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities | 0.00 | 0 | 1.30 | 12 | 1.30 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | 2.09 | 28 | 2.14 | 9 | 2.10 | 37 | 7 | 0 | 44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | 4.73 | 449 | 3.82 | 151 | 4.46 | 600 | 83 | 5 | 688 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policy loans | 4.98 | 48 | 3.83 | 25 | 4.51 | 73 | 53 | (1) | 125 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments and cash equivalents | 5.15 | 193 | 3.96 | 37 | 4.93 | 230 | 12 | 1 | 243 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross investment income | 5.19 | 2,937 | 3.21 | 1,328 | 4.35 | 4,265 | 513 | 196 | 4,974 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment expenses | (0.18) | (201) | (0.13) | (82) | (0.16) | (283) | (60) | (1) | (344) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment income after investment expenses | 5.01 | % | 2,736 | 3.08 | % | 1,246 | 4.19 | % | 3,982 | 453 | 195 | 4,630 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets(3) | 143 | 142 | 285 | 40 | 155 | 480 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment results of other entities and operations(4) | 20 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total net investment income | $ | 2,899 | $ | 1,388 | $ | 4,287 | $ | 493 | $ | 350 | $ | 5,130 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)For interim periods, yields are annualized. The denominator in the yield percentage is based on quarterly average carrying values for all asset types except for fixed maturities which are based on amortized cost, net of allowance. Amounts for fixed maturities, short-term investments and cash equivalents are also netted for securities lending activity (i.e., income netted for rebate expenses and asset values netted for securities lending liabilities). A yield is not presented for other invested assets as it is not considered a meaningful measure of investment performance.
(2)Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading, which are included in other invested assets.
(3)Other invested assets consists of investments in LPs/LLCs, investment real estate held through direct ownership, derivative instruments, fixed maturities classified as trading and other miscellaneous investments.
(4)Includes net investment income of our investment management operations.
(5)The total yield excluding Funds Withheld was 4.39% and 4.21% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
The increase in investment income after investment expenses yield attributable to our general account investments, excluding the Closed Block division, Funds Withheld and the Japanese insurance operations’ portfolios for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025, was primarily the result of higher fixed income reinvestment rates.
The increase in investment income after investment expenses yield attributable to the Japanese insurance operations’ portfolio for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2025, was primarily the result of higher fixed income reinvestment rates.
Realized Investment Gains and Losses
The following table sets forth “Realized investment gains (losses), net” of our general account apportioned between PFI excluding the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld, the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld, by investment type for the periods indicated:
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| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
PFI excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld: | ||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net: | ||||||||||||||
| (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses on fixed maturities | $ | (49) | $ | 70 | ||||||||||
| Write-downs on fixed maturities(1) | (157) | (98) | ||||||||||||
| Net gains (losses) on sales and maturities | (411) | 68 | ||||||||||||
| Fixed maturity securities(2) | (617) | 40 | ||||||||||||
| (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses on loans | (23) | (42) | ||||||||||||
Write-downs on mortgage and other loans | (3) | (8) | ||||||||||||
| Net gains (losses) on sales and maturities | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | (25) | (50) | ||||||||||||
| Derivatives | 268 | (279) | ||||||||||||
| OTTI losses on other invested assets recognized in earnings | (8) | (12) | ||||||||||||
| (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses on other invested assets | (6) | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Other net gains (losses) | 12 | (5) | ||||||||||||
| Other | (2) | (17) | ||||||||||||
| Subtotal | (376) | (306) | ||||||||||||
| Investment results of other entities and operations(3) | 40 | 23 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal — PFI excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld | $ | (336) | $ | (283) | ||||||||||
| Closed Block Division: | ||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net: | ||||||||||||||
| (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses on fixed maturities | $ | (6) | $ | 13 | ||||||||||
| Write-downs on fixed maturities(1) | (8) | (16) | ||||||||||||
| Net gains (losses) on sales and maturities | (49) | (33) | ||||||||||||
| Fixed maturity securities(2) | (63) | (36) | ||||||||||||
| (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses on loans | 6 | (17) | ||||||||||||
Write-downs on mortgage loans | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Net gains (losses) on sales and maturities | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | 6 | (17) | ||||||||||||
| Derivatives | 34 | (20) | ||||||||||||
| (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses on other invested assets | (5) | 0 | ||||||||||||
| Other net gains (losses) | 0 | 16 | ||||||||||||
| Other | (5) | 16 | ||||||||||||
| Subtotal — Closed Block Division | $ | (28) | $ | (57) | ||||||||||
Funds Withheld: | ||||||||||||||
| Realized investment gains (losses), net: | ||||||||||||||
| (Addition to) release of allowance for credit losses on fixed maturities | $ | (11) | $ | (3) | ||||||||||
| Write-downs on fixed maturities(1) | 0 | (5) | ||||||||||||
| Net gains (losses) on sales and maturities | (54) | (61) | ||||||||||||
| Fixed maturity securities(2) | (65) | (69) | ||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and other loans | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
Derivatives | 234 | (165) | ||||||||||||
| Other net gains (losses) | (169) | (156) | ||||||||||||
Other | (169) | (156) | ||||||||||||
Subtotal — Funds Withheld | $ | 0 | $ | (390) | ||||||||||
| PFI realized investment gains (losses), net | $ | (364) | $ | (730) | ||||||||||
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_________
(1)Amounts represent write-downs of credit adverse securities, securities where it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell prior to the recovery of the amortized cost basis and securities actively marketed for sale.
(2)Includes fixed maturity securities classified as available-for-sale and excludes fixed maturity securities classified as trading.
(3)Includes “realized investment gains (losses), net” of our investment management operations.
The following analysis reflects realized gains (losses) attributable to PFI excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld.
Net losses on sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities were $411 million for the first quarter of 2026 primarily driven by net losses on sales in a higher interest rate environment, partially offset by the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on U.S. dollar-denominated securities that matured or were sold within our International Businesses. Net gains on sales and maturities of fixed maturity securities were $68 million for the first quarter of 2025 primarily driven by net gains on assets transferred upon execution of the reinsurance transaction with Prismic Life Reinsurance International, Ltd. (“Prismic Re International”) and the impact of foreign currency exchange rate movements on U.S. dollar-denominated securities that matured or were sold within our International Businesses, partially offset by net losses on sales in a higher interest rate environment.
Net realized gains on derivative instruments of $268 million for the first quarter of 2026 primarily included:
•$185 million of gains on total return swaps primarily driven by declining equity markets; and
•$88 million of gains on foreign currency hedges primarily driven by U.S. dollar appreciation versus foreign currencies.
Net realized losses on derivative instruments of $279 million for the first quarter of 2025 primarily included:
•$237 million of losses on product-related hedge positions and embedded derivatives driven by declining equity markets; and
•$166 million of losses on foreign currency hedges driven by U.S. dollar depreciation versus foreign currencies.
Partially offsetting these losses were:
•$51 million of gains on interest rate derivatives due to decreases in swap and U.S. Treasury rates.
For a discussion of living benefit guarantees and related hedge positions in our U.S. Legacy business, see “—Results of Operations by Segment—U.S. Legacy Products” above.
Credit Losses
The level of credit losses generally reflects current and expected economic conditions and is expected to increase when economic conditions worsen and to decrease when economic conditions improve. Historically, the causes of credit losses have been specific to each individual issuer and have not directly resulted in credit losses to other securities within the same industry or geographic region. We may also realize additional credit and interest rate-related losses through sales of investments pursuant to our credit risk and portfolio management objectives.
We maintain separate monitoring processes for public and private fixed maturities and create watch lists to highlight securities that require special scrutiny and management. For private placements, our credit and portfolio management processes help ensure prudent controls over valuation and management. We have separate pricing and authorization processes to establish “checks and balances” for new investments. We apply consistent standards of credit analysis and due diligence for all transactions, whether they originate through our own in-house staff or through agents. Our regional offices closely monitor the portfolios in their regions. We set all valuation standards centrally, and we assess the fair value of all investments quarterly. Our public and private fixed maturity investment managers formally review all public and private fixed maturity holdings on a quarterly basis and more frequently when necessary to identify potential credit deterioration whether due to ratings downgrades, unexpected price variances and/or company or industry-specific concerns.
For LPs/LLCs accounted for using the equity method and for wholly-owned investment real estate, the carrying value of these investments is written down or impaired to fair value when a decline in value is considered to be other-than-temporary. For additional information regarding our OTTI policies, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
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General Account Investments of PFI excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld
In the following sections, we provide details about our investment portfolio, excluding investments held in the Closed Block division and the Funds Withheld portfolios. We believe the details of the composition of our investment portfolio excluding Closed Block division and Funds Withheld are most relevant to an understanding of our operations that are pertinent to investors in Prudential Financial, Inc. because (1) substantially all Closed Block division assets support obligations and liabilities relating to the Closed Block policies where the economics inure to those participating policies and not to shareholders of the Company’s Common Stock and (2) the Funds Withheld assets support liabilities relating to reinsurance agreements where the economic benefits and associated investment risk of the Funds Withheld ultimately inure to the reinsurer. See Notes 12 and 13 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our material reinsurance agreements and the Closed Block division, respectively.
Fixed Maturity Securities
In the following sections, we provide details about our fixed maturity securities portfolio, which excludes fixed maturity securities classified as assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities and securities classified as trading.
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Fixed Maturity Securities by Industry
The following table sets forth the composition of the portion of our fixed maturity, available-for-sale portfolio by industry category and the associated gross unrealized gains and losses, as well as the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”), as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industry(1) | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | ACL | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | ACL | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate securities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Finance | $ | 47,993 | $ | 497 | $ | 3,187 | $ | 1 | $ | 45,302 | $ | 47,215 | $ | 818 | $ | 2,581 | $ | 2 | $ | 45,450 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer non-cyclical | 34,038 | 494 | 3,128 | 3 | 31,401 | 33,622 | 679 | 2,752 | 4 | 31,545 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utility | 31,714 | 534 | 2,798 | 22 | 29,428 | 31,576 | 797 | 2,405 | 21 | 29,947 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital goods | 20,955 | 346 | 1,240 | 11 | 20,050 | 21,194 | 560 | 1,045 | 2 | 20,707 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer cyclical | 13,361 | 258 | 592 | 41 | 12,986 | 12,645 | 384 | 465 | 30 | 12,534 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign agencies | 1,759 | 19 | 162 | 0 | 1,616 | 1,692 | 25 | 126 | 0 | 1,591 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Energy | 13,915 | 253 | 773 | 19 | 13,376 | 13,336 | 349 | 628 | 8 | 13,049 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Communications | 6,983 | 158 | 556 | 24 | 6,561 | 6,607 | 210 | 487 | 23 | 6,307 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic industry | 7,832 | 134 | 525 | 20 | 7,421 | 8,021 | 217 | 467 | 20 | 7,751 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transportation | 12,646 | 261 | 857 | 28 | 12,022 | 12,704 | 406 | 739 | 19 | 12,352 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technology | 7,783 | 112 | 405 | 26 | 7,464 | 7,136 | 168 | 344 | 19 | 6,941 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industrial other | 5,352 | 39 | 878 | 4 | 4,509 | 5,200 | 56 | 795 | 4 | 4,457 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total corporate securities | 204,331 | 3,105 | 15,101 | 199 | 192,136 | 200,948 | 4,669 | 12,834 | 152 | 192,631 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign government(2) | 60,193 | 274 | 13,292 | 0 | 47,175 | 61,928 | 474 | 12,324 | 0 | 50,078 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed(3) | 6,259 | 22 | 174 | 0 | 6,107 | 5,103 | 38 | 149 | 0 | 4,992 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-backed | 19,325 | 192 | 52 | 2 | 19,463 | 17,098 | 214 | 19 | 1 | 17,292 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed | 7,128 | 40 | 212 | 0 | 6,956 | 6,813 | 71 | 192 | 0 | 6,692 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Government | 22,594 | 472 | 4,261 | 0 | 18,805 | 22,520 | 655 | 4,382 | 0 | 18,793 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| State & Municipal | 5,013 | 98 | 523 | 0 | 4,588 | 5,315 | 131 | 494 | 0 | 4,952 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | 324,843 | $ | 4,203 | $ | 33,615 | $ | 201 | $ | 295,230 | $ | 319,725 | $ | 6,252 | $ | 30,394 | $ | 153 | $ | 295,430 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Investment data has been classified based on standard industry categorizations for domestic public holdings and similar classifications by industry for all other holdings.
(2)As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, based on amortized cost, 88% and 89% represent Japanese government bonds held by our Japanese insurance operations, respectively. As of March 31, 2026, no individual country accounted for more than 7% of the balance, and as of December 31, 2025, no country represented more than 6%.
(3)As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, based on amortized cost, 97% and 96% were rated A or higher, respectively.
The increase in net unrealized losses from December 31, 2025 to March 31, 2026 was primarily due to the net impact of increases in U.S. and Japan interest rates.
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Fixed Maturity Securities Credit Quality
The Securities Valuation Office (“SVO”) of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) evaluates the investments of insurers for statutory reporting purposes and assigns fixed maturity securities to one of six categories called “NAIC Designations.” In general, NAIC Designations of “1” highest quality, or “2” high quality, include fixed maturities considered investment grade, which include securities rated Baa3 or higher by Moody’s Investor Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or BBB- or higher by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”). NAIC Designations of “3” through “6” generally include fixed maturities referred to as below investment grade, which include securities rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s and BB+ or lower by S&P. The NAIC Designations for commercial mortgage-backed securities and non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, including our asset-backed securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, are based on security level expected losses as modeled by an independent third party (engaged by the NAIC) and the statutory carrying value of the security, including any purchase discounts or impairment charges previously recognized.
As a result of time lags between the funding of investments, the finalization of legal documents, and the completion of the SVO filing process, the fixed maturity portfolio includes certain securities that have not yet been designated by the SVO as of each balance sheet date. Pending receipt of SVO designations, the categorization of these securities by NAIC Designation is based on the expected ratings indicated by internal analysis.
Ratings assigned by nationally recognized rating agencies include S&P, Moody’s, Fitch Ratings Inc. (“Fitch”) and Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”). Low issue composite rating uses ratings from the major credit rating agencies or, if these are not available, an equivalent internal rating. For securities where the ratings assigned are not equivalent, the second lowest rating is utilized.
Investments of our international insurance companies are not subject to NAIC guidelines. Investments of our Japanese insurance operations are regulated locally by the FSA. The FSA has its own investment quality criteria and risk control standards. Our Japanese insurance companies comply with the FSA’s credit quality review and risk monitoring guidelines. The credit quality ratings of the investments of our Japanese insurance companies are based on ratings assigned by nationally recognized credit rating agencies, including Moody’s and S&P, or rating equivalents based on ratings assigned by Japanese credit rating agencies.
The following table sets forth our fixed maturity, available-for-sale portfolio by NAIC Designation or equivalent rating, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NAIC Designation(1) (2) | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses(3) | ACL | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses(3) | ACL | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | $ | 207,192 | $ | 2,006 | $ | 26,667 | $ | 0 | $ | 182,531 | $ | 205,414 | $ | 2,921 | $ | 24,708 | $ | 0 | $ | 183,627 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 97,456 | 1,763 | 5,986 | 1 | 93,232 | 94,638 | 2,684 | 4,913 | 0 | 92,409 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal High or Highest Quality Securities(4) | 304,648 | 3,769 | 32,653 | 1 | 275,763 | 300,052 | 5,605 | 29,621 | 0 | 276,036 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 13,753 | 314 | 794 | 26 | 13,247 | 13,186 | 476 | 656 | 19 | 12,987 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4 | 4,947 | 55 | 121 | 0 | 4,881 | 4,448 | 98 | 61 | 22 | 4,463 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | 1,163 | 30 | 38 | 56 | 1,099 | 1,708 | 38 | 45 | 51 | 1,650 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 6 | 332 | 35 | 9 | 118 | 240 | 331 | 35 | 11 | 61 | 294 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal Other Securities(5) (6) | 20,195 | 434 | 962 | 200 | 19,467 | 19,673 | 647 | 773 | 153 | 19,394 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | 324,843 | $ | 4,203 | $ | 33,615 | $ | 201 | $ | 295,230 | $ | 319,725 | $ | 6,252 | $ | 30,394 | $ | 153 | $ | 295,430 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Reflects equivalent ratings for investments of the international insurance operations.
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(2)As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, 1,826 securities with amortized cost of $11,119 million (fair value, $10,928 million) and 1,482 securities with amortized cost of $9,683 million (fair value, $9,598 million), respectively, have been categorized based on expected NAIC Designations pending receipt of SVO ratings.
(3)As of March 31, 2026, includes gross unrealized losses of $670 million on public fixed maturities and $292 million on private fixed maturities considered to be other than high or highest quality and, as of December 31, 2025, includes gross unrealized losses of $579 million on public fixed maturities and $194 million on private fixed maturities considered to be other than high or highest quality.
(4)On an amortized cost basis, as of March 31, 2026, includes $234,728 million of public fixed maturities and $69,920 million of private fixed maturities and, as of December 31, 2025, includes $230,712 million of public fixed maturities and $69,340 million of private fixed maturities.
(5)On an amortized cost basis, as of March 31, 2026, includes $7,618 million of public fixed maturities and $12,577 million of private fixed maturities and, as of December 31, 2025, includes $7,277 million of public fixed maturities and $12,396 million of private fixed maturities.
(6)On an amortized cost basis, as of March 31, 2026, securities considered below investment grade based on low issue composite ratings total $17,173 million, or 5% of the total fixed maturities, and include securities considered high or highest quality by the NAIC based on the rules described above.
Asset-Backed and Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of asset-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities within our fixed maturity, available-for-sale portfolio by credit quality, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset-Backed Securities(2) | Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities | Asset-Backed Securities(2) | Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Low Issue Composite Rating(1) | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AAA | $ | 8,545 | $ | 8,579 | $ | 5,716 | $ | 5,670 | $ | 7,736 | $ | 7,786 | $ | 5,422 | $ | 5,418 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AA | 7,601 | 7,658 | 1,402 | 1,276 | 6,562 | 6,623 | 1,385 | 1,268 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | 2,022 | 2,032 | 1 | 1 | 1,981 | 2,004 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BBB | 1,034 | 1,024 | 0 | 0 | 703 | 715 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BB and below | 123 | 170 | 9 | 9 | 116 | 164 | 5 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total(3) | $ | 19,325 | $ | 19,463 | $ | 7,128 | $ | 6,956 | $ | 17,098 | $ | 17,292 | $ | 6,813 | $ | 6,692 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)The table above provides ratings as assigned by nationally recognized rating agencies as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, including S&P, Moody’s, Fitch and Morningstar.
(2)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by loan obligations (“CLOs”), home equity loans, auto loans, education loans and other asset types.
(3)Excludes fixed maturity securities classified as “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities” and “Fixed maturities, trading.”
Included in “Asset-backed securities” above are investments in CLOs. The following table sets forth information pertaining to these investments in CLOs within our fixed maturity, available-for-sale portfolio, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateralized Loan Obligations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Low Issue Composite Rating(1) | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| AAA | $ | 6,375 | $ | 6,400 | $ | 5,727 | $ | 5,757 | |||||||||||||||
| AA | 6,030 | 6,090 | 5,017 | 5,076 | |||||||||||||||||||
| A | 35 | 34 | 35 | 35 | |||||||||||||||||||
| BBB | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||||
| BB and below | 17 | 16 | 18 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total(2)(3) | $ | 12,482 | $ | 12,565 | $ | 10,823 | $ | 10,912 | |||||||||||||||
__________
(1)The table above provides ratings as assigned by nationally recognized rating agencies as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, including S&P, Moody’s, Fitch and Morningstar.
(2)There was no allowance for credit losses as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
(3)Excludes fixed maturity securities classified as “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities” and “Fixed maturities, trading.”
Assets Supporting Experience-Rated Contractholder Liabilities
For information regarding the composition of “Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities,” see Note 3 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans
Investment Mix
The following table sets forth the composition of our commercial mortgage and other loans portfolio, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans | $ | 53,599 | $ | 54,198 | ||||||||||
| Residential mortgage loans | 2,414 | 1,632 | ||||||||||||
| Uncollateralized loans | 165 | 171 | ||||||||||||
| Other collateralized loans | 679 | 591 | ||||||||||||
| Total recorded investment gross of allowance(1) | 56,857 | 56,592 | ||||||||||||
| Allowance for credit losses | (421) | (397) | ||||||||||||
Total commercial mortgage and other loans, net | $ | 56,436 | $ | 56,195 | ||||||||||
(1)As a percentage of recorded investment gross of allowance, 99% of these assets were current as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
We originate commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans using a dedicated sales and underwriting staff through our various regional offices in the U.S. and international offices primarily in London and Tokyo. All loans are underwritten consistently to our standards using a proprietary quality rating system that has been developed from our industry experience in real estate and mortgage lending.
Residential mortgage loans primarily include fixed-rate, amortizing mortgage loans on rental properties owned by borrowers with FICO scores typically considered prime or above.
Uncollateralized loans primarily represent corporate loans and unsecured consumer loans.
Other collateralized loans include mezzanine real estate debt investments and consumer loans.
Composition of Commercial Mortgage and Agricultural Property Loans
Our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loan portfolio strategy emphasizes diversification by property type and geographic location. The following tables set forth the breakdown of the gross carrying values of commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by geographic region and property type, as of the dates indicated:
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| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Carrying Value | % of Total | Gross Carrying Value | % of Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by region: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Regions(1): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pacific | $ | 18,259 | 34.1 | % | $ | 18,633 | 34.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| South Atlantic | 9,116 | 17.0 | 9,241 | 17.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Middle Atlantic | 6,353 | 11.9 | 6,358 | 11.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| East North Central | 3,475 | 6.5 | 3,433 | 6.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| West South Central | 4,938 | 9.2 | 5,065 | 9.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mountain | 3,128 | 5.8 | 2,890 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| New England | 1,189 | 2.2 | 1,190 | 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| West North Central | 512 | 1.0 | 497 | 0.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| East South Central | 1,192 | 2.2 | 1,200 | 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal-U.S. | 48,162 | 89.9 | 48,507 | 89.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Europe | 3,436 | 6.4 | 3,701 | 6.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mexico | 882 | 1.6 | 882 | 1.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia | 603 | 1.1 | 612 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 516 | 1.0 | 496 | 0.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans | $ | 53,599 | 100.0 | % | $ | 54,198 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Regions as defined by the United States Census Bureau.
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Carrying Value | % of Total | Gross Carrying Value | % of Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industrial | $ | 15,180 | 28.3 | % | $ | 15,541 | 28.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Retail | 4,646 | 8.7 | 4,780 | 8.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Office | 5,471 | 10.2 | 5,523 | 10.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Apartments/Multi-Family | 15,762 | 29.4 | 15,781 | 29.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agricultural properties | 6,810 | 12.7 | 6,959 | 12.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hospitality | 1,388 | 2.6 | 1,496 | 2.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Self-Storage | 1,839 | 3.4 | 1,889 | 3.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Health Care Senior Living | 1,547 | 2.9 | 1,607 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | 956 | 1.8 | 622 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans | $ | 53,599 | 100.0 | % | $ | 54,198 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios are measures commonly used to assess the quality of commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans. The loan-to-value ratio compares the amount of the loan to the fair value of the underlying property collateralizing the loan and is commonly expressed as a percentage. A loan-to-value ratio less than 100% indicates an excess of collateral value over the loan amount. Loan-to-value ratios greater than 100% indicate that the loan amount exceeds the collateral value. The debt service coverage ratio compares a property’s net operating income to its debt service payments. Debt service coverage ratios less than 1.0 times indicate that property operations do not generate enough income to cover the loan’s current debt payments. A debt service coverage ratio greater than 1.0 times indicates an excess of net operating income over the debt service payments.
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As of March 31, 2026, our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans had a weighted-average debt service coverage ratio of 2.31 times and a weighted average loan-to-value ratio of 57%. For those commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans that were originated in 2026, the weighted-average debt service coverage ratio was 1.33 times, and the weighted average loan-to-value ratio was 56%.
The values utilized in calculating these loan-to-value ratios are developed as part of our periodic reviews of the commercial mortgage and agricultural property loan portfolio, which include internal evaluations of the underlying collateral values. Our periodic reviews also include a credit quality re-rating process, whereby we update the internal quality ratings originally assigned at underwriting based on the proprietary quality rating system mentioned above. As discussed below, the internal credit quality rating is a key input in determining our allowance for credit losses.
As of March 31, 2026, 93% of our commercial mortgage, agricultural property and residential mortgage loans were fixed rate loans.
For loans with collateral under construction, renovation or lease-up, projected stabilized values and net operating income are used in the calculation of the loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios. Our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loan portfolio included $3.2 billion and $2.7 billion of such loans as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. All else being equal, these loans are inherently riskier than those collateralized by properties that have already stabilized. As of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were less than $1 million of allowances related to these loans. In addition, these unstabilized loans are included in the calculation of our portfolio reserve, as discussed below.
The following table sets forth the gross carrying value of our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by loan-to-value and debt service coverage ratios, as of the date indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt Service Coverage Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
> 1.2x | 1.0x to < 1.2x | < 1.0x | Total Commercial Mortgage and Agricultural Property Loans | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loan-to-Value Ratio | (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 0%-59.99% | $ | 27,090 | $ | 1,205 | $ | 548 | $ | 28,843 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 60%-69.99% | 13,667 | 763 | 264 | 14,694 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 70%-79.99% | 4,908 | 257 | 157 | 5,322 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 80% or greater | 2,929 | 399 | 1,412 | 4,740 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans | $ | 48,594 | $ | 2,624 | $ | 2,381 | $ | 53,599 | ||||||||||||||||||
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The following table sets forth the breakdown of our commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by year of origination, as of the date indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | ||||||||||||||
| Gross Carrying Value | % of Total | |||||||||||||
| Year of Origination | ($ in millions) | |||||||||||||
2026 | $ | 834 | 1.6 | % | ||||||||||
| 2025 | 6,792 | 12.7 | ||||||||||||
2024 | 7,302 | 13.6 | ||||||||||||
| 2023 | 5,377 | 10.0 | ||||||||||||
| 2022 | 3,945 | 7.4 | ||||||||||||
| 2021 | 6,294 | 11.7 | ||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2,849 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||
2019 & Prior | 20,006 | 37.3 | ||||||||||||
| Revolving Loans | 200 | 0.4 | ||||||||||||
| Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans | $ | 53,599 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Residential Mortgage Loans
Residential mortgage loans primarily include fixed-rate, amortizing mortgage loans on rental properties owned by borrowers with FICO scores typically considered prime or above. The primary credit quality indicator is whether a loan is performing or nonperforming. The Company defines nonperforming residential mortgage loans as those that are 90 days or more past due and/or in nonaccrual status.
As of March 31, 2026 more than 99% of the loans are currently performing. As December 31, 2025, all of the loans were performing.
Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans Quality
The commercial mortgage and other loans portfolio is monitored on an ongoing basis. If certain criteria are met, loans are assigned to either of the following “watch list” categories:
(1) “Closely Monitored,” which includes a variety of considerations, such as when loan metrics fall below acceptable levels, the borrower is not cooperative or has requested a material modification, or the portfolio manager has directed a change in category; or
(2) “Not in Good Standing,” which includes loans in default or with a high probability of loss of principal, such as when the loan is in the process of foreclosure or the borrower is in bankruptcy.
Our workout and special servicing professionals manage the loans on the watch list.
The current expected credit loss (“CECL”) allowance represents the Company’s best estimate of expected credit losses over the remaining life of the assets. The determination of the allowance considers historical credit loss experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance is calculated separately for commercial mortgage loans, agricultural property loans, residential mortgage loans, uncollateralized loans and other collateralized loans.
For commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans, the allowance is calculated using an internally developed CECL model.
Key inputs to the CECL model include unpaid principal balances, internal credit ratings, annual expected loss factors, average lives of the loans adjusted for prepayment considerations, current and historical interest rate assumptions and other factors influencing the Company’s view of the current stage of the economic cycle and future economic conditions. Subjective considerations include a review of whether historical loss experience is representative of current market conditions and the Company’s view of the credit cycle. Model assumptions and factors are reviewed and updated as appropriate.
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When individual loans no longer have the credit risk characteristics of the commercial mortgage or agricultural property loan pools, they are removed from the pools and are evaluated individually for an allowance. The allowance is determined based on the outstanding loan balance less the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.
For residential mortgage loans, the CECL calculation pools together loans that share similar risk characteristics. The estimated lifetime loss of the pool is calculated from the risk profiles of the loans, including borrower credit score, loan-to-value ratio, property type, and several key attributes of the loan and property including: loan type, loan age, loan performance history, and current performing or nonperforming status. Estimated lifetime loss rates are calculated by weighting projected losses in multiple economic scenarios based on the Company’s view of the current stage of the economic cycle and future economic conditions. The scenario losses are calibrated to industry historical experience of defaults, loss severities, and prepayment rates in multiple economic cycles, reflective of similar loan characteristics. When individual loans become nonperforming, the allowance is determined based on annual expected loss rates for nonperforming loans or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. The Company defines nonperforming residential mortgage loans as those that are 90 days or more past due and/or in nonaccrual status.
The CECL allowance for other collateralized and uncollateralized loans carried at amortized cost is determined based on probability of default and loss given default assumptions by sector, credit quality and average lives of the loans.
The following table sets forth the balance of and changes in the allowance for credit losses for our commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated:
March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Allowance, beginning of year | $ | 397 | $ | 468 | ||||||||||
| Addition to (release of) allowance for credit losses | 23 | 133 | ||||||||||||
Write-downs charged against the allowance | 0 | (205) | ||||||||||||
| Other | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Allowance, end of period | $ | 421 | $ | 397 | ||||||||||
The allowance for credit losses as of March 31, 2026 increased in comparison to December 31, 2025 primarily related to additions to loan-specific reserves for a commercial mortgage loan within the retail sector, an agricultural property loan and an uncollateralized loan, partially offset by a net decrease in the general reserve.
Equity Securities
The equity securities portfolio consists principally of investments in common and preferred stock of publicly-traded companies, as well as mutual fund shares. The following table sets forth the composition of our equity securities portfolio and the associated gross unrealized gains and losses, as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutual funds | $ | 1,809 | $ | 1,185 | $ | 47 | $ | 2,947 | $ | 1,464 | $ | 1,248 | $ | 7 | $ | 2,705 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other common stocks | 7,205 | 665 | 231 | 7,639 | 5,486 | 737 | 92 | 6,131 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-redeemable preferred stocks | 79 | 36 | 17 | 98 | 68 | 36 | 18 | 86 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total equity securities, at fair value | $ | 9,093 | $ | 1,886 | $ | 295 | $ | 10,684 | $ | 7,018 | $ | 2,021 | $ | 117 | $ | 8,922 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The net change in unrealized gains (losses) from equity securities still held at period end, recorded within “Other income (loss),” was $(297) million and $(160) million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
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Other Invested Assets
The following table sets forth the composition of “Other invested assets,” as of the dates indicated:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| LPs/LLCs: | ||||||||||||||
| Equity method: | ||||||||||||||
| Private equity | $ | 7,366 | $ | 7,400 | ||||||||||
| Hedge funds | 2,190 | 2,139 | ||||||||||||
Real estate-related(1) | 1,731 | 1,591 | ||||||||||||
Subtotal equity method | 11,287 | 11,130 | ||||||||||||
| Fair value: | ||||||||||||||
| Private equity | 536 | 577 | ||||||||||||
| Hedge funds | 1,164 | 1,197 | ||||||||||||
| Real estate-related | 437 | 434 | ||||||||||||
| Subtotal fair value | 2,137 | 2,208 | ||||||||||||
Total LPs/LLCs | 13,424 | 13,338 | ||||||||||||
Real estate held through direct ownership(1) | 1,616 | 1,572 | ||||||||||||
| Total alternative assets | 15,040 | 14,910 | ||||||||||||
Credit-like instruments(2) | 2,150 | 1,777 | ||||||||||||
| Derivative instruments | (102) | 60 | ||||||||||||
Other(3) | 963 | 937 | ||||||||||||
| Total other invested assets | $ | 18,051 | $ | 17,684 | ||||||||||
The following table presents a reconciliation of “Total alternative assets” included in the table above to the “Total alternative assets of operating businesses”:
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Total alternative assets | $ | 15,040 | $ | 14,910 | ||||||||||
Less: Divested Businesses(4) | (821) | (824) | ||||||||||||
Less: Interests held by unaffiliated investors(5) | (1,464) | (1,393) | ||||||||||||
| Total alternative assets of operating businesses | $ | 12,755 | $ | 12,693 | ||||||||||
__________
(1)As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, investment real estate held through direct ownership had mortgage debt of $218 million and $217 million, respectively.
(2)Includes structured debt investments in feeder funds that are consolidated, resulting in the Company reporting the consolidated feeder funds’ proportionate share of the net assets of the master fund within “Other invested assets.” As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, interests held by unaffiliated investors that have been consolidated into the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position were $341 million and $283 million, respectively.
(3)Primarily includes equity investments accounted for under the measurement alternative, tax advantaged investments, leveraged leases and member and activity stock held in the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York. For additional information regarding our holdings in the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, see Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
(4)As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, interests held by Divested Businesses include private equity of $505 million and $521 million, hedge funds of $145 million and $145 million, real estate-related of $167 million and $154 million and investment real estate held through direct ownership of $4 million and $4 million, respectively.
(5)As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, interests held by unaffiliated investors that have been consolidated into the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position include, investment real estate held through direct ownership of $967 million and $923 million, hedge funds of $182 million and $160 million and real estate-related of $315 million and $310 million, respectively.
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Invested Assets of Other Entities and Operations
“Invested Assets of Other Entities and Operations” presented below includes investments held outside the general account and primarily represents investments associated with our investment management operations and derivative operations. Our derivative operations act on behalf of affiliates primarily to manage interest rate, foreign currency, credit and equity exposures. Assets within our investment management operations that are managed for third parties and those assets classified as “Separate account assets” on our Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position are not included.
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities: | ||||||||||||||
| Public, available-for-sale, at fair value(1) | $ | 165 | $ | 162 | ||||||||||
| Private, available-for-sale, at fair value | 263 | 188 | ||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value(1) | 918 | 421 | ||||||||||||
| Equity securities, at fair value | 374 | 457 | ||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans, at fair value | 1,225 | 794 | ||||||||||||
| Other invested assets | 3,040 | 3,228 | ||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | 3 | 10 | ||||||||||||
| Total investments | $ | 5,988 | $ | 5,260 | ||||||||||
__________
(1)As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, balances include investments in CLOs with fair value of $82 million and $76 million, respectively.
Fixed Maturities, Trading
“Fixed maturities, trading, at fair value” is primarily related to assets associated with consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) for which the Company is the investment manager. The assets of the consolidated VIEs are generally offset by liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected. For additional information regarding these consolidated VIEs, see Note 4 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans
Our investment management operations include our commercial mortgage operations, which provide mortgage origination, investment management and servicing for our general account, institutional clients, the Federal Housing Administration and government-sponsored entities such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
The mortgage loans of our commercial mortgage operations are included in “Commercial mortgage and other loans.” Derivatives and other hedging instruments related to our commercial mortgage operations are primarily included in “Other invested assets.”
Other Invested Assets
“Other invested assets” primarily includes assets of our derivative operations used to manage interest rate, foreign currency, credit, and equity exposures.
Furthermore, other invested assets include strategic investments made as part of our investment management operations. We make these strategic investments in real estate, as well as fixed income, public equity and real estate securities, including controlling interests. Certain of these investments are made primarily for purposes of co-investment in our managed funds and structured products. Other strategic investments are made with the intention to sell or syndicate to investors, including our general account, or for placement in funds and structured products that we offer and manage (seed investments). As part of our investment management operations, we also make loans to our managed funds that are secured by equity commitments from investors or assets of the funds. “Other invested assets” also includes certain assets in consolidated investment funds where the Company is deemed to exercise control over the funds.
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Valuation of Assets and Liabilities
Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities
The authoritative guidance related to fair value measurement establishes a framework that includes a three-level hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The level in the hierarchy within which the fair value falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the measurement. The fair values of assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 include at least one significant unobservable input in the measurement. See Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for an additional description of the valuation hierarchy levels as well as for the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by hierarchy level presented on a consolidated basis.
The table below presents the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, as of the dates indicated, and the portion of such assets and liabilities that are classified in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. The table also provides details about these assets and liabilities excluding those held in the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld portfolios. We believe the amounts excluding the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld are most relevant to an understanding of our operations that are pertinent to investors in Prudential Financial, Inc. because (1) substantially all Closed Block division assets support obligations and liabilities relating to the Closed Block policies where the economics inure to those participating policies and not to shareholders of the Company’s Common Stock and (2) the Funds Withheld assets support liabilities relating to reinsurance agreements where the economic benefits and associated investment risk of the Funds Withheld assets ultimately inure to the reinsurer. See Notes 12 and 13 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our material reinsurance agreements and the Closed Block, respectively.
| As of March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PFI excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld | Closed Block Division | Funds Withheld | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total at Fair Value | Total Level 3(1) | Total at Fair Value | Total Level 3(1) | Total at Fair Value | Total Level 3(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | 295,658 | $ | 12,020 | $ | 28,364 | $ | 1,152 | $ | 6,829 | $ | 199 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities | 915 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | 3,866 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | 4,781 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit assets | 2,166 | 2,166 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | 6,017 | 883 | 541 | 24 | 9,273 | 2,008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | 11,058 | 532 | 1,494 | 36 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans | 1,225 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 270 | 270 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets(2) | 2,587 | 1,134 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | 6,105 | 33 | 169 | 11 | 17 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | 8,139 | 0 | 717 | 0 | 410 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | (57) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 802 | 452 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Separate account assets | 161,405 | 210 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 499,084 | $ | 16,978 | $ | 31,285 | $ | 1,223 | $ | 17,610 | $ | 2,929 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit liabilities | $ | 5,000 | $ | 5,000 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances | 17,590 | 17,590 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance and funds withheld payables | (27) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 105 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities(2) | 6,401 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes issued by consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) | 1,330 | 1,330 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 30,294 | $ | 23,920 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 105 | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| As of December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PFI excluding Closed Block Division and Funds Withheld | Closed Block Division | Funds Withheld | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total at Fair Value | Total Level 3(1) | Total at Fair Value | Total Level 3(1) | Total at Fair Value | Total Level 3(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale | $ | 295,781 | $ | 10,802 | $ | 28,882 | $ | 1,073 | $ | 6,792 | $ | 123 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets supporting experience-rated contractholder liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities | 896 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | 3,946 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal | 4,842 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit assets | 2,330 | 2,330 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, trading | 5,239 | 480 | 581 | 17 | 9,049 | 1,816 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity securities | 9,379 | 577 | 1,593 | 49 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage and other loans | 793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 263 | 263 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other invested assets(2) | 2,728 | 1,087 | 1 | 1 | 31 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term investments | 5,551 | 1 | 158 | 0 | 72 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash equivalents | 11,685 | 0 | 737 | 0 | 416 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance recoverables and deposit receivables | (50) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 623 | 367 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Separate account assets | 168,745 | 211 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 507,023 | $ | 15,488 | $ | 31,952 | $ | 1,140 | $ | 17,246 | $ | 2,569 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market risk benefit liabilities | $ | 4,623 | $ | 4,623 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Policyholders’ account balances | 18,799 | 18,799 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance and funds withheld payables | (20) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 194 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities(2) | 6,211 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes issued by consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) | 767 | 767 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | $ | 30,380 | $ | 24,189 | $ | 0 | $ | 0 | $ | 198 | $ | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Level 3 assets expressed as a percentage of total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for PFI excluding the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld, the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld totaled 3.4%, 3.9%, and 16.6%, respectively, as of March 31, 2026, and 3.1%, 3.6%, and 14.9%, respectively, as of December 31, 2025.
(2)“Other invested assets” and “Other liabilities” primarily include derivatives. The amounts include the impact of netting subject to master netting agreements.
The determination of fair value, which for certain assets and liabilities is dependent on the application of estimates and assumptions, can have a significant impact on our results of operations and may require the application of a greater degree of judgment depending on market conditions, as the ability to value assets and liabilities can be significantly impacted by a decrease in market activity or a lack of transactions executed in an orderly manner.
Fixed maturity securities included in Level 3 in our fair value hierarchy are generally priced based on internally-developed valuations or indicative broker quotes. For certain private fixed maturity and equity securities, the internal valuation models use significant unobservable inputs and, accordingly, such securities are included in Level 3 in our fair value hierarchy. Level 3 fixed maturity securities for PFI excluding the Closed Block division and Funds Withheld included approximately 14% of public fixed maturities as of March 31, 2026, with values primarily based on indicative broker quotes, and approximately 86% of private fixed maturities, with values primarily based on internally-developed models. Significant unobservable inputs used in their valuation included: issue specific spread adjustments, material non-public financial information, management judgment, estimation of future earnings and cash flows, default rate assumptions, liquidity assumptions and indicative quotes from market makers. Separate account assets included in Level 3 in our fair value hierarchy primarily include corporate securities and commercial mortgage loans.
Contracts or contract features reported in “Market risk benefit assets” and “Market risk benefit liabilities” and embedded derivatives reported in “Policyholders’ account balances” that are included in Level 3 of our fair value hierarchy represent general account assets and liabilities pertaining to living benefit features of the Company’s variable annuity contracts and the
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index-linked interest credited features on certain life and annuity products. “Market risk benefit assets” and “Market risk benefit liabilities” are carried at fair value with changes in fair value included in “Change in value of market risk benefits, net of related hedging gains (losses)” except for the portion of the change attributable to changes in the Company’s NPR that is recorded in OCI. Embedded derivatives included in “Policyholders’ account balances” are carried at fair value with changes in fair value included in “Realized investment gains (losses), net.” These assets and liabilities are valued using internally-developed models that require significant estimates and assumptions developed by management. Changes in these estimates and assumptions can have a significant impact on the results of our operations. For additional information, see Note 6 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
For additional information regarding the valuation techniques and the key estimates and assumptions used in our determination of fair value, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Income Taxes
For information regarding income taxes, see Note 14 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk of fluctuations in the value of financial instruments as a result of absolute or relative changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, equity prices or commodity prices. To varying degrees, our products and services, and the investment activities supporting them, generate exposure to market risk. The market risk incurred, and our strategies for managing this risk, vary by product. As of March 31, 2026, there have been no material changes in our economic exposure to market risk from December 31, 2025, a description of which may be found in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.” See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, for a discussion of how difficult conditions in the financial markets and the economy generally may materially adversely affect our business and results of our operations.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
In order to ensure that the information we must disclose in our filings with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported on a timely basis, the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), as of March 31, 2026. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of March 31, 2026, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. No change in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f), occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2026, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
See Note 21 to the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements under “—Litigation and Regulatory Matters” for a description of certain pending litigation and regulatory matters affecting us, and certain risks to our businesses presented by such matters, which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risks described under “Risk Factors” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. These risks could materially affect our business, results of operations or financial condition, cause the trading price of our Common Stock to decline materially or cause our actual results to differ materially from those expected or those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by, or on behalf of, the Company. These risks are not exclusive, and additional risks to which we are subject include, but are not limited to, the factors mentioned under “Forward-Looking Statements” and the risks of our businesses described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(c) The following table provides information about purchases by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2026, of its Common Stock:
| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased(1) | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program(2) | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased under the Program(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
January 1, 2026 through January 31, 2026 | 780,512 | $ | 113.25 | 736,468 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
February 1, 2026 through February 28, 2026 | 1,642,362 | $ | 101.32 | 807,063 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
March 1, 2026 through March 31, 2026 | 895,790 | $ | 95.15 | 875,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 3,318,664 | 2,419,381 | $ | 750,000,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
__________
(1)Includes shares of Common Stock withheld from participants for income tax withholding purposes whose shares of restricted stock units vested during the period. Such restricted stock units were originally issued to participants pursuant to the Prudential Financial, Inc. Omnibus Incentive Plan.
(2)In December 2025, Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase, at management’s discretion, up to $1.0 billion of its outstanding Common Stock during the period from January 1, 2026 through December 31, 2026.
The approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the program does not reflect any applicable excise tax payable in connection with share repurchases, which is recorded as part of the cost basis of treasury stock and is assessed on the fair value of stock repurchases, reduced by the fair value of any shares issued during the period.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Company Trading Plans or other Arrangements
Our directors and officers (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 16a-1(f)) may from time to time enter into plans or other arrangements for the purchase or sale of our shares that are intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5–1(c) or may represent a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement under the Exchange Act. During the quarter ended March 31, 2026, no such plans or other arrangements were adopted terminated
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT INDEX
3.1 | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Prudential Financial, Inc. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s January 22, 2015 Current Report on Form 8-K. | ||||
3.2 | Amended and Restated By-Laws of Prudential Financial, Inc., effective September 12, 2023. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s September 13, 2023 Current Report on Form 8-K. | ||||
10.1 | The Third Amendment to the Prudential Severance Plan, dated March 25, 2026.* | ||||
31.1 | Section 302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer. | ||||
31.2 | Section 302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer. | ||||
32.1 | Section 906 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer. | ||||
32.2 | Section 906 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer. | ||||
| 101.INS - XBRL | Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | ||||
| 101.SCH - XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. | ||||
| 101.CAL - XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.LAB - XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.PRE - XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 101.DEF - XBRL | Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. | ||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). | ||||
__________
* This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
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GLOSSARY
Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company may use certain abbreviations, acronyms and terms which are defined below.
| Prudential Entities | ||||||||||||||
| Company | Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries | Pruco Life | Pruco Life Insurance Company | |||||||||||
| Gibraltar Life | The Gibraltar Life Insurance Co., Ltd. | Prudential | Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries | |||||||||||
| PFI | Prudential Financial, Inc. and its subsidiaries | Prudential Financial | Prudential Financial, Inc. | |||||||||||
| PGFL | Prudential Gibraltar Financial Life Insurance Co., Ltd. | Prudential Funding | Prudential Funding, LLC | |||||||||||
| PGIM | The global investment management business of Prudential Financial, Inc. | Prudential Insurance/PICA | The Prudential Insurance Company of America | |||||||||||
| PHJ | Prudential Holdings of Japan, Inc. | Prudential of Japan | The Prudential Life Insurance Company, Ltd. | |||||||||||
| PLIC | Prudential Legacy Insurance Company of New Jersey | Registrant | Prudential Financial, Inc. | |||||||||||
| PLNJ | Pruco Life Insurance Company of New Jersey | |||||||||||||
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| Defined Terms | ||||||||||||||
| Allstate | The Allstate Corporation | Pension Benefits | Funded and non-funded non-contributory defined benefit pension plans which cover substantially all of the Company’s employees | |||||||||||
| AuguStar | AuguStar Life Insurance Company, formerly known as The Ohio National Life Insurance Company | PGIM India | PGIM operations in India | |||||||||||
| Board | Prudential Financial’s Board of Directors | Prismic | Prismic Life Holding Company LP | |||||||||||
| Closed Block | Certain in-force participating insurance policies and annuity products, along with corresponding assets used for the payment of benefits and policyholders’ dividends on these products | Prismic Re | Prismic Life Reinsurance, Ltd. | |||||||||||
| Credit-Linked Note Structures | Agreements with external counterparties providing for the issuance of surplus notes by our captive reinsurers in return for the receipt of credit-linked notes | Prismic Re International | Prismic Life Reinsurance International, Ltd. | |||||||||||
Empower | Great-West and Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company of New York, now known as Empower Annuity Insurance Company of America and Empower Life & Annuity Insurance Company of New York, respectively | Regulation XXX | Valuation of Life Insurance Policies Model Regulation | |||||||||||
| Exchange Act | The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 | Resolution Re | Resolution Re, Ltd. | |||||||||||
Farmer Mac | Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation | S&P | Standard & Poor’s Rating Services | |||||||||||
| Fitch | Fitch Ratings Inc. | Somerset Re | Somerset Reinsurance Ltd. | |||||||||||
Funds Withheld | Assets the Company retains the legal ownership of under certain reinsurance arrangements | Star and Edison Businesses | AIG Star Life Insurance Co., Ltd, AIG Edison Life Insurance Company, AIG Financial Assurance Japan K.K. and AIG Edison Service Co., Ltd. (former subsidiaries of American International Group, Inc., or AIG), collectively | |||||||||||
| Guideline AXXX | The Application of the Valuation of Life Insurance Policies Model Regulation | Talcott Resolution | Talcott Resolution Life Insurance Company | |||||||||||
| Hartford Financial | Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. | Tax Act of 2025 | H.R.1, also referred to as the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” | |||||||||||
Moody’s | Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. | U.S. GAAP | Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America | |||||||||||
| Morningstar | Morningstar, Inc. | Wilton Re | Wilton Reassurance Company and Wilton Reinsurance Bermuda Limited | |||||||||||
| Other Postretirement Benefits | Certain health care and life insurance benefits provided by the Company for its retired employees, their beneficiaries and covered dependents | |||||||||||||
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| Acronyms | ||||||||||||||
| ACL | Allowance for Credit Losses | GMWB | Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits | |||||||||||
| AIR | Additional Insurance Reserves | HDI | Highest Daily Lifetime Income | |||||||||||
| ALM | Asset Liability Management | LPs/LLCs | Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies | |||||||||||
| AOCI | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | MD&A | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | |||||||||||
| ASC | Accounting Standards Codification | MRBs | Market Risk Benefits | |||||||||||
| ASU | Accounting Standards Update | NAIC | National Association of Insurance Commissioners | |||||||||||
| AUD | Australian Dollar | NAV | Net Asset Value | |||||||||||
| bps | Basis Points | NCTI | Net Controlled Foreign Corporation Tested Income | |||||||||||
| CECL | Current Expected Credit Loss | NJDOBI | New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance | |||||||||||
| CLO | Collateralized Loan Obligations | NPR | Non-Performance Risk | |||||||||||
CODM | Chief Operating Decision Maker | OCI | Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | |||||||||||
| DAC | Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs | OECD | Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development | |||||||||||
| DPL | Deferred Profit Liability | OTC | Over-The-Counter | |||||||||||
DRG | Deferred Reinsurance Gains | OTTI | Other-Than-Temporary Impairments | |||||||||||
DRL | Deferred Reinsurance Losses | PALAC | Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation | |||||||||||
| DSI | Deferred Sales Inducements | PDI | Prudential Defined Income | |||||||||||
| EBITDA | Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization | POT | The Prudential Life Insurance Company of Taiwan Inc. | |||||||||||
ESR | Economic Solvency Ratio | PTE | Prohibited Transaction Class Exemptions | |||||||||||
| FABN | Funding Agreement-Backed Notes | RAF | Risk Appetite Framework | |||||||||||
FACP | Funding Agreement-Backed Commercial Paper | RBC | Risk-Based Capital | |||||||||||
| FASB | Financial Accounting Standards Board | SEC | Securities and Exchange Commission | |||||||||||
| FHLBNY | Federal Home Loan Bank of New York | SOFR | Secured Overnight Financing Rate | |||||||||||
| FLIAC | Fortitude Life Insurance and Annuity Company | SVO | Securities Valuation Office | |||||||||||
| FSA | Financial Services Agency (an agency of the Japanese government) | TBA | To-Be-Announced | |||||||||||
| GICs | Guaranteed Investment Contracts | U.S. | The United States of America | |||||||||||
| GILTI | Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income | URR | Unearned Revenue Reserve | |||||||||||
GMAB | Guaranteed Minimum Accumulation Benefits | USD | U.S. Dollar | |||||||||||
| GMDB | Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefits | VIEs | Variable Interest Entities | |||||||||||
| GMIB | Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefits | VOBA | Value of Business Acquired | |||||||||||
GMIWB | Guaranteed Minimum Income and Withdrawal Benefits | |||||||||||||
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| Prudential Financial, Inc. | |||||||||||
| By: | /S/ YANELA C. FRIAS | ||||||||||
Yanela C. Frias Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Authorized signatory and principal financial officer) | |||||||||||
Date: May 6, 2026
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FAQ
How did Prudential Financial (PFH) perform in the first quarter of 2026?
Prudential Financial reported net income attributable to the company of $597 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, down from $707 million a year earlier. Total revenues rose to $15.5 billion, mainly from higher premiums and net investment income.
What were Prudential Financial’s Q1 2026 earnings per share?
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, Prudential Financial reported diluted earnings per share of $1.68, compared with $1.96 in the prior-year period. Basic earnings per share were $1.69, versus $1.97 a year earlier, reflecting lower net income.
How strong was Prudential Financial’s balance sheet at March 31, 2026?
At March 31, 2026, Prudential Financial reported total assets of $765.4 billion and total liabilities of $730.5 billion, resulting in total equity of $32.3 billion. The company also held $474.1 billion of investments and $15.9 billion of cash and cash equivalents.
What changes did Prudential Financial make to its segment reporting in 2026?
Effective January 1, 2026, Prudential Financial created a new U.S. Legacy Products segment for discontinued annuity and guaranteed universal life blocks and combined remaining individual and institutional retirement businesses into a new Retirement segment. These changes are applied retrospectively and do not alter prior consolidated results.
What is happening with Prudential of Japan’s sales in 2026?
Following an internal investigation into employee misconduct, Prudential of Japan voluntarily suspended new sales for 90 days beginning February 9, 2026. In April 2026, the company extended the suspension by 180 days, so it now runs through November 5, 2026.
How did Prudential Financial’s cash flow from operations change in Q1 2026?
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, Prudential Financial reported cash flows from operating activities of $1.0 billion, compared with a $2.5 billion operating cash outflow a year earlier. The swing reflects changes in realized investment results, derivatives, insurance liabilities and reinsurance balances.