Tiziana Life Sciences (Nasdaq: TLSA) reports promising Long COVID preclinical results
Rhea-AI Filing Summary
Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd filed a Form 6-K announcing positive preclinical results for its lead candidate, intranasal foralumab, in a Long COVID mouse model. The study showed that nasal anti-CD3 treatment reduced neuroinflammation, increased regulatory T cells in the brain, restored hippocampal neurogenesis, and improved short‑term memory.
The work, led by researchers at Yale and Brigham and Women’s/Harvard, used a mild respiratory SARS‑CoV‑2 model mimicking Long COVID without direct brain infection and included human observational data showing lower circulating Tregs in Long COVID patients. Tiziana highlights these findings as mechanistic support for intranasal foralumab, which has already shown favorable safety and signs of clinical benefit in an expanded access program and is being tested in a Phase 2a trial in non‑active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
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Key Figures
Key Terms
regulatory T cells (Tregs) medical
microglia medical
Expanded Access Program regulatory
non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis medical
bioRxiv preprint technical
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER
PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
April 2026
Commission File Number: 001-38723
Tiziana Life Sciences LTD
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
9th Floor
107 Cheapside
London
EC2V 6DN
(Address of registrant’s principal executive office)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐
INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT ON FORM 6-K
On April 16, 2026, Tiziana Life Sciences LTD (the “Company”) issued this 6K announcing, the publication of positive preclinical data in a bioRxiv preprint. The study, titled “Intranasal Anti-CD3 Antibody Treatment Attenuates Post COVID Neuroinflammation and Enhances Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Cognitive Function in Mice,” demonstrates that nasal anti-CD3 treatment significantly reduces neuroinflammation, boosts regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the brain, restores hippocampal neurogenesis, and improves short-term memory in a model of Long COVID.
The Announcement is furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.1 to this Report on Form 6-K. The information in the attached Exhibits 99.1 is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that Section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing made by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except as otherwise set forth herein or as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| TIZIANA LIFE SCIENCES LTD | |||
| Date: April 16, 2026 | By: | /s/ Keeren Shah | |
| Name: | Keeren Shah | ||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer | ||
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EXHIBIT INDEX
| Exhibit No. | Description | |
| 99.1 | Tiziana Life Sciences LTD Press Release, dated April 16, 2026 |
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Exhibit 99.1
Tiziana Life Sciences Announces Publication of Positive Data Demonstrating Intranasal Anti-CD3 Antibody Attenuates Long COVID Neuroinflammation and Improves Cognitive Function
| ● | Data from independent academic collaborators published on bioRxiv support the therapeutic potential of the Company’s lead candidate, intranasal foralumab, for Long COVID associated “brain fog”. |
BOSTON, MA, April 16, 2026 – Tiziana Life Sciences, Ltd. (Nasdaq: TLSA) (“Tiziana”), a biotechnology company developing its lead candidate, intranasal foralumab, a fully human, anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, announces the publication of positive preclinical data in a bioRxiv preprint. The study, titled “Intranasal Anti-CD3 Antibody Treatment Attenuates Post COVID Neuroinflammation and Enhances Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Cognitive Function in Mice,” demonstrates that nasal anti-CD3 treatment significantly reduces neuroinflammation, boosts regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the brain, restores hippocampal neurogenesis, and improves short-term memory in a model of Long COVID.
Conducted by leading researchers including co-corresponding authors Akiko Iwasaki, Ph.D. (Yale University) and Howard L. Weiner, M.D. (Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School), the study used a respiratory restricted mild SARS-CoV-2 mouse model that recapitulates key neurological features of Long COVID without direct brain infection. Nasal administration of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody either shortly after infection or in the chronic phase increased brain FoxP3+ IL-10+ Tregs, reprogrammed microglia from a pro-inflammatory to a regulatory phenotype, reduced gliosis (astrocytes and microglia) in white matter and hippocampus, normalized CCL11 levels, restored neurogenesis, and rescued cognitive deficits. Human observational data in the study further showed that Long COVID patients with neurological symptoms exhibit lower circulating Treg levels, reinforcing the translational relevance.
The full preprint is available on bioRxiv and has not yet been peer-reviewed.
Link here: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.04.07.716934v1
These findings show that nasal anti-CD3 can potently induce regulatory T cells that cross into the brain and dampen persistent neuroinflammation triggered by even mild respiratory viral infection. By reprogramming microglia, reducing harmful chemokines like CCL11, and restoring the hippocampal neurogenic niche, this approach offers a promising, non-invasive strategy to address the cognitive impairment often called ‘brain fog’ that continues to affect millions of Long COVID patients worldwide.
Dr. Howard L. Weiner, co-corresponding author, Director of the Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board of Tiziana Life Sciences, added: “This study builds on our extensive work with nasal anti-CD3 and highlights its ability to modulate the immune system at the mucosal surface to promote central nervous system repair. The broad therapeutic window, effective both early and late after infection, and the lack of impact on antiviral immunity make intranasal foralumab an exciting candidate for clinical development in post-viral neuroinflammatory conditions.”
Ivor Elrifi, Chief Executive Officer of Tiziana Life Sciences, commented: “We are thrilled to see these robust preclinical data in BioRxiv, further validating the broad therapeutic potential of our intranasal foralumab platform. Foralumab is the only fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody in clinical development, and these results directly support the mechanistic foundation for our ongoing programs in non active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, MSA, Alzheimer’s disease, and ALS.”
Tiziana’s intranasal foralumab has previously demonstrated favorable safety and signals of clinical benefit in an expanded access program in non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, with reductions in microglial activation observed via PET imaging.
About Foralumab
Foralumab, a fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, is a biologic candidate that has been shown to stimulate T regulatory cells when dosed intranasally. Currently, 14 patients with Non-Active Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (na-SPMS) have been dosed in an open-label intermediate sized Expanded Access (EA) Program (NCT06802328) with either an improvement or stability of disease seen within 6 months in all patients. In addition, intranasal foralumab is currently being studied in a Phase 2a, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, dose-ranging trial in patients with non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (NCT06292923).
Foralumab is the only fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) currently in clinical development. Immunomodulation by intranasal foralumab represents a novel avenue for the treatment of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative human diseases.[1],[2],[3]
| [1] | https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2220272120 |
| [2] | https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2309221120 |
| [3] | https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200543 |
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About Tiziana Life Sciences
Tiziana is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing breakthrough therapies using transformational drug delivery technologies to enable alternative routes of immunotherapy. Tiziana’s innovative nasal approach has the potential to provide an improvement in efficacy as well as safety and tolerability compared to intravenous (IV) delivery. Tiziana’s lead candidate, intranasal foralumab, which is the only fully human anti-CD3 mAb currently in clinical development, has demonstrated a favorable safety profile and clinical response in patients in studies to date. Tiziana’s technology for alternative routes of immunotherapy has been patented with several applications pending and is expected to allow for broad pipeline applications.
For more information about Tiziana and its innovative pipeline of therapies, please visit www.tizianalifesciences.com.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements made in this announcement are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts but rather are based on the Tiziana’s current expectations, estimates, and projections about its industry, its beliefs, and assumptions. Words such as ‘anticipates,’ ‘expects,’ ‘intends,’ ‘plans,’ ‘believes,’ ‘seeks,’ ‘estimates,’ and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, some of which are beyond the Tiziana’s control, are difficult to predict, and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or forecasted in the forward-looking statements. Tiziana cautions security holders and prospective security holders not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect the view of Tiziana only as of the date of this announcement. Actual results may differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors, including: the uncertainties related to market conditions and other factors described more fully in the section entitled ‘Risk Factors’ in Tiziana’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2024, and other periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The forward-looking statements made in this announcement relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. Tiziana will not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revisions or updates to these forward-looking statements to reflect events, circumstances, or unanticipated events occurring after the date of this announcement except as required by law or by any appropriate regulatory authority.
For further inquiries:
Tiziana Life Sciences Ltd
Paul Spencer, Business Development, and Investor Relations
+44 (0) 207 495 2379
email: info@tizianalifesciences.com
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