Katapult (NASDAQ: KPLT) posts Q1 2026 profit but warns on going concern
Filing Impact
Filing Sentiment
Form Type
10-Q
Katapult Holdings, Inc. reported stronger results for the quarter ended March 31, 2026, moving to net income of $5.7 million from a net loss a year earlier. Revenue rose to $79.0 million, up 9.8%, as rental revenue and other revenue both increased.
Gross profit improved to $18.2 million, or 23.0% of revenue, helped by portfolio growth and higher buyout activity. Adjusted EBITDA reached $6.4 million. Results also benefited from a $4.3 million gain on the fair value of derivative and warrant liabilities and lower interest expense after a prior term loan repayment.
The company highlighted substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern because its $110 million New Revolving Facility, with $71.6 million outstanding, matures in December 2026 and will require refinancing. Katapult also obtained covenant waivers in April and May 2026. It is pursuing strategic mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s, expected to close in the third quarter of 2026, which would significantly change ownership and capital structure.
Positive
- None.
Negative
- None.
Insights
Profitability improved, but going concern and refinancing risk are central.
Katapult delivered higher profitability, with net income of $5.7 million versus a prior loss and adjusted EBITDA of $6.4 million. Revenue grew 9.8% to $79.0 million, and gross profit margin increased to 23.0%, reflecting portfolio growth and better recoveries.
However, leverage and funding remain critical. The New Revolving Facility has $71.6 million outstanding and matures on December 4, 2026. Management states these conditions raise substantial doubt about continuing as a going concern, and recent covenant waivers underscore sensitivity to performance metrics.
The pending mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s, expected in Q3 2026, plus preferred stock with liquidation preferences totaling roughly $70.0 million, point to a major capital-structure reset. Future disclosures on refinancing the revolver and closing the mergers will be key to understanding long-term solvency and ownership dilution.
Key Figures
Total revenue: $79.0M
Net income: $5.7M
Adjusted EBITDA: $6.4M
+5 more
8 metrics
Total revenue
$79.0M
Three months ended March 31, 2026
Net income
$5.7M
Three months ended March 31, 2026 vs. $5.7M loss in 2025
Adjusted EBITDA
$6.4M
Three months ended March 31, 2026
Gross originations
$64.2M
Three months ended March 31, 2026; flat year over year
New Revolving Facility balance
$71.6M
Outstanding as of March 31, 2026 on $110M commitment
Derivative liability
$9.3M
Convertible Preferred Derivative fair value at March 31, 2026
Series A liquidation preference
$37.7M
As of March 31, 2026
Net cash from operations
$12.2M
Three months ended March 31, 2026
Key Terms
New Revolving Facility, mezzanine equity, Convertible Preferred Derivative, going concern, +2 more
6 terms
New Revolving Facility financial
"The 2025 Loan Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility (the “New Revolving Facility”) with total commitments of $110 million."
mezzanine equity financial
"The Company classifies the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock as mezzanine equity because it is not mandatorily redeemable but is redeemable upon the occurrence of events..."
Mezzanine equity is a layer of financing that sits between bank loans and full ownership, combining elements of borrowed money and equity. It often gives lenders higher potential returns in exchange for taking more risk, sometimes with the option to convert into ownership or receive extra payments; think of it as a middle seat that pays more because it’s less secure than front-row debt. Investors watch it because it affects a company’s debt risk, potential dilution of ownership, and expected returns.
Convertible Preferred Derivative financial
"the contingent redemption feature and the conversion feature of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock represent a compound embedded derivative (the “Convertible Preferred Derivative”)."
going concern financial
"These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date these financial statements are issued."
A going concern is a business that is expected to continue its operations and meet its obligations for the foreseeable future, rather than shutting down or selling off assets. This assumption matters to investors because it indicates stability and ongoing profitability, making the business a more reliable investment. Think of it as believing a restaurant will stay open and serve customers, rather than closing down suddenly.
gross originations financial
"We define gross originations as the retail price of the merchandise associated with lease-purchase agreements entered into during the period through our platform."
Gross originations are the total value of new loans, leases or credit agreements a lender or finance company has issued during a period before subtracting cancellations, buybacks or early payoffs. Think of it as the company’s new sales receipts for loans — a measure of how much new business it brought in — and investors watch it to gauge growth, market demand and the health of a lender’s origination pipeline.
adjusted EBITDA financial
"Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that is defined as net income (loss) before interest expense and other fees, transaction related costs..."
Adjusted EBITDA is a way companies measure how much money they make from their core operations, like running a business, by removing certain costs or income that aren’t part of regular business activities. It helps investors see how well a company is doing without distractions from unusual expenses or gains, making it easier to compare companies or track performance over time.
Earnings Snapshot
Revenue: $79.0M
Q1 2026
Revenue
$79.0M
+9.8% YoY
Net income
$5.7M
vs. $(5.7)M prior-year loss
Gross profit margin
23.0%
vs. 19.9% in prior year
Adjusted EBITDA
$6.4M
vs. $2.2M in prior year
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2026
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |||||
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 001-39116
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |||||||
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) | |||||||
(833 ) 528-2785
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | ||||||||
☒ | Smaller reporting company | ||||||||||
Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of May 4, 2026: 4,765,058
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
In this report, unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise indicates, the terms "we," "us," "our," the "Company," or "Katapult" refer to Katapult Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries. Certain abbreviations and terms used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are defined as follows:
“2019 Loan Agreement” means the Loan and Security Agreement, dated May 14, 2019, by and among the Credit Parties, Midtown Madison Management LLC and the other lenders party thereto (as amended, amended and restated, supplemented, revised or otherwise modified from time to time prior to June 12, 2025).
“2025 Loan Agreement” means that certain Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated June 12, 2025, by and among the Credit Parties, Midtown Madison Management LLC, and the lenders party thereto, which amended and restated the 2019 Loan Agreement in its entirety.
“Aaron’s” means Aaron’s Intermediate Holdco, Inc., a Delaware corporation.
“Aaron’s Merger” means the merger of Merger Sub 1 with and into Aaron’s at the time as of which the Aaron’s Merger becomes effective.
“Aaron’s MIP” means Aaron’s MIP Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and management incentive plan entity adopted by The Aaron’s Company to align the interests of the Aaron’s management team with IQV Holdco.
“Aaron’s MIP Exchange” means the exchange of Aaron’s MIP Units for Aaron’s MIP Rollover Interests.
“Aaron’s MIP Holders” means the holders of Aaron’s MIP Units.
“Aaron’s MIP Rollover Interests” means 943,580 shares of Katapult common stock issued to the Aaron’s MIP Holders pursuant to the Aaron’s MIP Exchange.
“Aaron’s MIP Units” means the Class A Unit and Class B membership interests of Aaron’s MIP.
“CCFI” means CCFI Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
“CCFI Merger” means the merger of Merger Sub 2 with and into CCFI at the time as of which the CCFI Merger becomes effective.
“CCFI MIP” shall mean CCFI MIP Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and management incentive plan entity adopted by CCFI to align the interests of the CCFI management team with CCFI equityholders.
“CCFI MIP Equity” means the equity interests of CCFI MIP.
“CCFI MIP Exchange” means the exchange of CCFI MIP Equity for CCFI MIP Rollover Interests.
“CCFI MIP Holders” means the holders of CCFI MIP Equity.
“CCFI MIP Rollover Interests” means 11,011,927 shares of Katapult common stock issued to the CCFI MIP Holders pursuant to the CCFI MIP Exchange.
“Closing” means the consummation of the Mergers.
“Credit Parties” means Katapult SPV-1 LLC, Katapult Group, Inc., and Katapult.
“First Amendment” means that certain Limited Waiver and First Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated November 2, 2025, among the Credit Parties, Midtown Madison Management LLC, and the lenders party thereto.
“Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange” means Katapult’s repurchase of all outstanding shares of Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock issued to Hawthorn immediately prior to the consummation of the Mergers pursuant to the Hawthorn Side Letter.
“Hawthorn Side Letter” means that certain side letter, dated December 11, 2025, by and among Katapult, Aaron’s, CCFI and Hawthorn to effectuate the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange.
“Hawthorn Warrant Exercise” means Hawthorn’s exercise of the warrants to purchase 160,000 shares of Katapult common stock at $0.25 per share and 486,264 Katapult common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share, held by Hawthorn on a cashless basis in full for shares of Katapult common stock pursuant to the Hawthorn Side Letter.
“IQV Holdco” means IQV Holdco, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
“Katapult 2014 Plan” means the Cognical Holdings, Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan.
“Katapult 2021 Plan” means the Katapult Holdings, Inc. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended.
“Katapult common stock” means shares of common stock of Katapult, par value $0.0001 per share.
“Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock” means the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock.
“Katapult Stock Issuance” means the issuance of shares of Katapult common stock to the stockholders of Aaron’s, the Aaron’s MIP Holders, the unitholders of CCFI and the CCFI MIP Holders, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement.
“Loan Agreement” means the 2025 Loan Agreement (as amended by the Limited Waiver dated September 15, 2025), that certain Limited Waiver dated September 29, 2025, that certain Limited Waiver dated October 13, 2025, that certain Limited Waiver dated October 20, 2025, that certain Limited Waiver dated October 27, 2025, that certain Limited Waiver dated October 29, 2025, the First Amendment, the Second Amendment, that certain Limited Waiver dated January 15, 2026, that certain Limited Waiver dated February 13, 2026, that certain Limited Waiver dated March 9, 2026, that certain Limited Waiver dated April 15, 2026, that certain Limited Waiver dated May 5, 2026 and as further amended, amended and restated, supplemented, revised, or otherwise modified from time to time prior to the date hereof).
“Merger Agreement” means that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated December 11, 2025, by and among Merger Sub 1, Merger Sub 2, CCFI, and Aaron’s (as it may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time).
“Merger Sub 1” means Katapult Merger Sub 1, Inc., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Katapult.
“Merger Sub 2” means Katapult Merger Sub 2, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned indirect subsidiary of Katapult.
“Mergers” means the CCFI Merger, together with the Aaron’s Merger.
“New Revolving Facility” means the amended and upsized revolving credit facility provided for by the Loan Agreement.
“Ownership Limitation” means that, pursuant to the terms of those certain Certificates of Designations dated November 3, 2025, no holder of Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock may convert shares of Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock, pursuant to either an optional or a mandatory conversion, into shares of Katapult common stock if and to the extent that such conversion would result in such holder beneficially owning in excess of 19.99% of all outstanding shares of Katapult common stock as of November 3, 2025.
“Preferred Stock Investment Approval” means the approval of Katapult’s stockholders to remove the Ownership Limitation as contemplated by the Nasdaq rules to effectuate the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange.
“Second Amendment” means that certain Limited Waiver and Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated December 11, 2025, among the Credit Parties, Midtown Madison Management LLC, and the lenders party thereto.
“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Series A Convertible Preferred Stock” means the 35,000 shares of Katapult Preferred Stock designated as “Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.”
“Series B Convertible Preferred Stock” means the 30,000 shares of Katapult Preferred Stock designated as “Series B Convertible Preferred Stock.”
“Special Meeting” means the special meeting of Katapult stockholders to obtain approval of the Stock Issuance Proposal.
“Stock Issuance Proposal” means the proposal for Katapult stockholders to approve the issuance of Katapult common stock pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this report, including statements regarding our opportunity, our future results of operations and financial condition, business strategy, and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “anticipate,” “assume” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potentially,” “predict,” “should,” “will,” “would,” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Certain capitalized terms used in this Quarterly Report have the meanings set forth in the section entitled “Certain Definitions.” These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:
•the outcome and impact of the Mergers, including our ability to recognize the anticipated objectives and benefits thereof;
•the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give rise to the right of one or all of the Company, CCFI and Aaron’s to terminate the Merger Agreement;
•the possibility that the Mergers do not close when expected or at all because the conditions to closing are not received or satisfied on a timely basis or at all;
•the potential disruptions the Mergers may cause in the business operations of the Company, CCFI and Aaron’s;
•potential adverse effects of the Mergers on the business relationships of the Company, CCFI and Aaron’s while the Mergers are pending;
•changes in our share price following the closing of the Mergers;
•meeting future liquidity requirements and complying with restrictive covenants related to indebtedness;
•our ability to obtain, and the impact of, Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval;
•potential impact of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock;
•executing on our business strategy, including expanding information and technology capabilities;
•our market opportunity, our ability to acquire and retain new and existing merchants and customers;
•customer adoption and continued growth of our mobile app featuring Katapult Pay® (“KPay”);
•the timing and impact of our growth initiatives on our future financial performance and the impact of our business growth strategy;
•anticipating the occurrence and timing of prime lending tightening and impact on our results of operations;
•general economic conditions in the markets where we operate, the cyclical nature of consumer spending, and seasonal sales and spending patterns of consumers;
•factors affecting consumer spending that are not under our control, including, among others, levels of employment, disposable consumer income, inflation, prevailing interest rates, consumer debt and availability of credit, pandemics (such as COVID-19), consumer confidence in future economic conditions, political conditions, and consumer perceptions of personal well-being and security and willingness and ability of consumers to pay for the goods they lease through us when due;
•risks relating to uncertainty of our estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth, including the home furnishings and retail environment;
•risks related to the concentration of a significant portion of our transaction volume with a single merchant, or type of merchant or industry;
•the effects of competition on our future business;
•the impact of unstable market and economic conditions such as impact of tariffs, rising inflation and interest rates;
•reliability of our platform and effectiveness of our risk models;
•data security breaches or other information technology incidents or disruptions, including cyber-attacks, and the protection of confidential, proprietary, personal and other information, including personal data of consumers;
•attracting and retaining employees, executive officers or directors;
•obtaining additional capital, including equity or debt financing and servicing our indebtedness;
•enhancing future operating and financial results;
•anticipating rapid technological changes, including artificial intelligence and other new technologies;
•staying abreast of modified or new laws and regulations and complying with laws and regulations applicable to our business, including laws and regulations related to rental purchase transactions, U.S. federal income tax, and data privacy and security;
•responding to uncertainties associated with product and service developments and market acceptance;
•identifying material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting which, if not remediated, could affect the reliability of our financial statements;
•costs and effects of legal and administrative proceedings, settlements, investigations, and claims;
•litigation, regulatory matters, complaints, adverse publicity and/or misconduct by employees, vendors and/or service providers; and
•our ability to meet the minimum requirements for continued listing on the Nasdaq Global Market ("Nasdaq").
Forward-looking statements are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including risks described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. Other sections of this Form 10-Q may include additional factors that could harm our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ from those contained in, or implied by, any forward-looking statements.
Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Except as required by applicable law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future, and you should not rely upon these forward-looking statements after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC.
FORM 10-Q
March 31, 2026
INDEX
| Page | ||||||||
PART 1 | Financial Information | |||||||
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 1 | ||||||
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets — March 31, 2026 (unaudited) and December 31, 2025 | 1 | |||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) — Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 | 2 | |||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Mezzanine Equity and Stockholders' Deficit (unaudited) — Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 | 3 | |||||||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) — Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 | 4 | |||||||
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 5 | |||||||
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 19 | ||||||
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 27 | ||||||
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 27 | ||||||
PART II | Other Information | 27 | ||||||
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 27 | ||||||
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 28 | ||||||
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 56 | ||||||
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 56 | ||||||
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 56 | ||||||
Item 5. | Other Information | 56 | ||||||
Item 6. | Exhibits | 57 | ||||||
Signatures | 58 | |||||||
References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “KPLT”, “Katapult”, “we”, “us”, “the Company”, or “our” means Katapult Holdings Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries unless otherwise expressly stated or the context indicates otherwise.
PART I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
| March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| (unaudited) | |||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current assets: | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Property held for lease, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment (Note 3) | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Deferred financing costs, net | |||||||||||
| Total current assets | |||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | |||||||||||
| Capitalized software and intangible assets, net | |||||||||||
| Right-of-use assets, non-current | |||||||||||
| Security deposits | |||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | |||||||||
| LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT | |||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Accrued liabilities (Note 4) | |||||||||||
| Accrued litigation settlement (Note 10) | |||||||||||
| Unearned revenue | |||||||||||
| Revolving line of credit, net (Note 5) | |||||||||||
| Derivative liability (Note 11) | |||||||||||
| Lease liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | |||||||||||
| Lease liabilities, non-current | |||||||||||
| Other liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total liabilities | |||||||||||
| MEZZANINE EQUITY | |||||||||||
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, $ | |||||||||||
| Total mezzanine equity | |||||||||||
| STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT | |||||||||||
Common stock, $ | |||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | |||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total stockholders' deficit | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and stockholders' deficit | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes. | ||||||||
1
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(amounts in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rental revenue | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense and other fees | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit (provision) for income taxes | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share available to common stockholders - basic and diluted | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes. | ||||||||
2
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF MEZZANINE EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
(amounts in thousands)
(unaudited)
| Mezzanine Equity | Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders' Deficit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of restricted stock for payroll tax withholding | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at March 31, 2026 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mezzanine Equity | Stockholders’ Deficit | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Total Stockholders' Deficit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | — | — | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vesting of restricted stock units | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchases of restricted stock for payroll tax withholding | — | — | ( | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balances at March 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes. | ||||||||
3
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | |||||||||||
| Depreciation for early lease purchase options (buyouts) | |||||||||||
| Depreciation for impaired leases | |||||||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability, warrants, and other | ( | ||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | |||||||||||
| Amortization of debt discount | |||||||||||
| Amortization of debt issuance costs, net | |||||||||||
| Accrued PIK interest expense | |||||||||||
| Amortization of right-of-use assets | |||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Property held for lease | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable | |||||||||||
| Accrued liabilities | ( | ||||||||||
| Accrued litigation | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Lease liabilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Unearned revenues | |||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | |||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||
| Purchases of property and equipment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Additions to capitalized software | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||
| Proceeds from New and Existing Revolving Facilities | |||||||||||
| Principal repayments on New and Existing Revolving Facilities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Repurchases of restricted stock | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | ( | ||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | |||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Cash paid for operating leases | $ | $ | |||||||||
See accompanying notes. | ||||||||
4
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Business— Katapult Holdings, Inc. (“Katapult” or the “Company”) is a technology driven lease-to-own ("LTO") platform that integrates with omnichannel retailers and e-commerce platforms to power the purchase of everyday durable goods for underserved U.S. non-prime consumers. Through the Company’s point-of-sale (“POS”) integrations and innovative mobile app featuring Katapult Pay® (“KPay”), consumers who may be unable to access traditional financing can shop a growing network of merchants.
The Company experiences moderate seasonal fluctuations in revenue as a result of consumer spending patterns. Historically, revenue is strongest during the first quarter primarily due to higher gross originations during the fourth quarter holiday season. First quarter revenue is also impacted by the federal and state income tax refunds that customers receive, which in the past, has led to customers more frequently exercising the early purchase option on their lease agreements. Adverse events that occur could have a disproportionate effect on financial results throughout the year.
Subsidiaries— The condensed consolidated financial statements of Katapult include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries Katapult Intermediate Holdings LLC (formerly known as Keys Merger Sub 2, LLC), a Delaware limited liability company formed in December 2020, Katapult Group, Inc. (formerly known as Cognical, Inc.), a Delaware corporation incorporated in March 2012, Katapult SPV-1 LLC, a Delaware limited liability company formed in 2019, Katapult SPV-2 LLC, a Delaware limited liability company formed in 2025, Katapult Intermediate Holdings I, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company formed in December 2025, Katapult Intermediate Holdings II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company formed in December 2025, Katapult Intermediate Holdings III, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company formed in December 2025, Merger Sub 1, a Delaware corporation incorporated in December 2025 and Merger Sub 2, a Delaware limited liability company formed in December 2025. Legacy Katapult was incorporated in the state of Delaware in 2016. Katapult Group originates all of the Company's lease agreements with customers.
Pending Mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s
On December 11, 2025, the Company entered into a merger agreement with CCFI, Aaron’s, and two wholly owned indirect subsidiaries of the Company, pursuant to which those subsidiaries will merge with and into CCFI and Aaron’s, respectively. Upon completion of the Mergers, CCFI and Aaron’s will become wholly owned indirect subsidiaries of the Company. For additional information regarding the Mergers and related agreements, refer to Note 1, “Description of Business and Basis of Presentation,” included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, equityholders of CCFI and Aaron’s will receive shares of the Company’s common stock, resulting in a change of control of the Company upon closing.
The Mergers are currently expected to close within the third quarter of 2026, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals, effectiveness of a registration statement on Form S-4, approval of the Company’s stockholders and the equityholders of CCFI and Aaron’s, and other customary conditions.
The Company continues to evaluate the accounting and financial reporting implications of the Mergers, including purchase accounting and the related impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
In connection with the pending Mergers, the Company incurred $1.7 million of transaction-related costs during the three months ended March 31, 2026, consisting primarily of professional and consulting fees and retention-related compensation costs, which are included in operating expenses within the condensed consolidated statements of operations three months ended March 31, 2026.
The Company cannot reasonably estimate the full financial impact of the Mergers until closing has occurred.
2.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of Estimates— The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of income and expense during the reporting periods. The most significant estimates relate to property held for lease and the related depreciation method, impairments, the fair value of the derivative liability, and the valuation allowance associated with deferred tax assets. Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other risk-based factors. Changes in estimates are reflected in reported amounts in the period in which they become known. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Property Held for Lease, Net of Accumulated Depreciation and Impairment— Property held for lease consists of furniture, mattresses, customer electronics, appliances, and other durable goods offered for lease-purchase in the normal course of business. Such property is provided to customers pursuant to a lease-purchase agreement with a minimum lease term; typically one week, two weeks, or one month . The duration of the aggregated leases are typically 12 or 18 months. The average customer continues to lease the property for approximately 8 months because the customer either exercises the early lease-purchase option (buyout) or terminates the lease-purchase agreement prior to the end of the 12 or 18 month renewal periods. As a result, property held for lease is classified as a current asset on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Property held for lease is recorded at cost, excluding shipping costs, and is carried at net book value. Depreciation for property held for lease is determined using the income forecasting method and is included within cost of revenue. The Company’s income forecasting method evaluates the patterns of the Company’s historical property held for lease portfolio to apply depreciation rates to the Company’s current property held for lease portfolio. Property held for lease is depreciated in the proportion of expected rents received to total expected rents to be received based on the Company’s historical data of lease performance. The utilization of rental merchandise occurs during periods of rental and coincides with the pattern of rental revenue receipts over the rental purchase agreement period. The Company also considers other qualitative factors, such as current and forecasted customer payment trends, and other risk-based factors as a component of its forecasting methodology.
The Company provides for impairment for the undepreciated balance of the property held for lease assuming no salvage value with a corresponding charge to cost of revenue. The provision for write-offs represents estimated losses based on historical results, which are incurred but not yet identified. Actual write-offs may differ from this estimate.
The Company applies its depreciation to property held for lease as follows: (1) typical depreciation based on historical patterns of customer payments when an item is leased for the full lease duration; (2) accelerated depreciation for impaired leases, based on historical patterns of lease impairment, and (3) accelerated depreciation for leases where an early purchase option (buyout) is exercised, based on historical patterns of lease buyouts.
The Company accelerates depreciation equal to the undepreciated net book value of property buyouts as buyouts occur with a corresponding charge to cost of revenue based on historical trends, such that the recorded amount closely approximates current actual buyouts during the period. The Company periodically evaluates fully depreciated property held for lease, net, and when it is determined there is no future economic benefit, the cost of the assets are written off and the related accumulated depreciation is reversed.
There are uncertainties involved when recognizing expenses related to property held for lease due to the subjective nature of the income forecasting method and depreciation method, which could vary from actual results.
Embedded Derivatives and Hybrid Instruments— The Company evaluates debt and equity instruments issued to determine whether such instruments contain embedded features that require bifurcation and separate accounting as derivatives under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. In performing this evaluation, the Company assesses whether the embedded feature is clearly and closely related to the host instrument and, for hybrid instruments such as preferred shares, whether the hybrid instrument is remeasured at fair value through earnings.
6
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The Company bifurcates embedded derivatives from the host instrument for measurement purposes when certain criteria are met. Bifurcation is required when (i) the embedded derivative possesses economic characteristics that are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the host contract, (ii) a separate instrument with the same terms would qualify as a derivative instrument, and, for hybrid instruments, (iii) the instrument is not otherwise required to be remeasured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.
If bifurcation is required, the embedded derivative is initially recorded at fair value and subsequently remeasured at fair value each reporting period, with changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.
The Company also evaluates whether freestanding financial instruments meet the definition of a derivative and whether such instruments should be classified as liabilities or equity in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity.
Mezzanine Equity— The Company classifies preferred stock and other financial instruments as mezzanine equity when such instruments are redeemable at the option of the holder or upon the occurrence of events that are not solely within the Company’s control. Mezzanine equity instruments are presented outside of stockholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheets in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and ASC 480-10-S99 and related SEC guidance. The Company evaluates the classification of such instruments at issuance and upon the occurrence of any modification or triggering event.
Rental Revenue— Lease-purchase agreements, which comprise the majority of total revenue, fall within the scope of ASC 842, Leases, under lessor accounting and revenue is recognized in the period it is earned and cash is collected. Property held for lease is leased to customers pursuant to lease-purchase agreements with an initial term: typically one week, two weeks, or one month , with non-refundable lease payments. Generally, the customer has the right to acquire title either through a 90-day promotional pricing option, an early lease-purchase option (buyout), or by completing all lease renewal payments, generally over 12 or 18 months. On any current lease, customers have the option to terminate the agreement at any time without penalty in accordance with the lease term. Amounts received from customers who elect early lease-purchase options (buyouts) are included in rental revenue. Lease payments received prior to their due dates are deferred and recorded as unearned revenue and are recognized as rental revenue in the period in which the revenue is earned. Services are considered to be rendered and revenue earned over the lease term. Rental revenue also includes an initial agreed-upon amount for executing customer lease-purchase agreements. Payments are received upon submission of the applications and execution of the lease-purchase agreements.
Concentration of Credit Risk— The Company’s concentration of credit risk consists primarily of cash. A portion of the Company’s cash balances exceed those that are federally insured. To date, the Company has not recognized any losses caused by uninsured balances.
Significant customers are those which represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue or gross accounts receivable balance at each balance sheet date. As of March 31, 2026 and 2025, the Company did not have any customers that accounted for 10% or more of outstanding gross accounts receivable or total revenue during the years ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Customer leases with the Company’s largest merchant, Wayfair Inc., represented more than 10
7
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash— The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets to the total amounts shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:
| March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Restricted cash | |||||||||||
| Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | $ | |||||||||
Net Income (Loss) Per Share— The Company calculates basic and diluted net income (loss) per share available to common stockholders in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share.
The Company applies the two-class method as its preferred stock are considered participating securities. Under this method, net income (loss) is allocated to common stockholders and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends. Net income (loss) available to common stockholders reflects net income (loss) adjusted for dividends on preferred stock, including accumulated but undeclared dividends, which are not recognized as a liability but are treated as a reduction of income available to common stockholders for purposes of computing earnings per share.
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.
Diluted net income (loss) per share available to common stockholders reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. The Company applies the if-converted method for its convertible preferred stock and the treasury stock method for warrants, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and stock options. Potentially dilutive securities are included in diluted net income (loss) per share only to the extent they are dilutive.
In applying the if-converted method, the Company evaluates the impact of its convertible preferred stock on diluted earnings per share by comparing the results under the two-class method and the if-converted method, and includes such securities only when the effect is dilutive.
In periods in which the Company reports a net loss available to common stockholders, or when the inclusion of potentially dilutive securities would increase earnings per share, diluted net income (loss) per share equals basic net income (loss) per share, as the inclusion of such securities would be anti-dilutive.
Fair Value Measurements— Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value in accordance with GAAP. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.
The Company uses a three-level hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three levels of the fair value hierarchy, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable:
Level 1—Inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3—Inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability and are used when observable inputs are not available.
8
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The level in the fair value hierarchy within which a fair value measurement in its entirety falls is based on the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted—In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, to make targeted improvements to Subtopic 350-40 to increase the operability of the recognition guidance considering different methods of software development. ASU 2025-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2025-06.
3.PROPERTY HELD FOR LEASE, NET OF ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION AND IMPAIRMENT
Property held for lease, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment consists of the following:
| March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| Property held for lease | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Less: accumulated depreciation and impairment | ( | ( | |||||||||
| Property held for lease, net | $ | $ | |||||||||
The table below details the cost of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation expense for property held for lease over the lease term | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation for early lease purchase options (buyouts) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation for impaired leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total cost of revenue | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Other consists mainly of payment processing fees, incentives and other lease related costs.
4.ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities consists of the following:
| March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| Bonus accrual | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Sales tax payable | |||||||||||
| Unfunded lease payable | |||||||||||
| Interest payable | |||||||||||
| Other accrued liabilities | |||||||||||
| Total accrued liabilities | $ | $ | |||||||||
5.DEBT & LIQUIDITY
On June 12, 2025, the Company entered into the 2025 Loan Agreement which amended and restated its prior credit agreement.
Prior to the effectiveness of the 2025 Loan Agreement, the Company’s borrowings included a revolving credit facility (the “Existing Revolving Facility”) and a term loan. The term loan bore interest that included a payment-in-kind (“PIK”) component
9
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
and was fully repaid on November 3, 2025. Accordingly, the Company’s results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 reflect interest expense and related costs associated with the term loan that are not present in the 2026 period.
The 2025 Loan Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility (the “New Revolving Facility”) with total commitments of $110 million. Advances under the New Revolving Facility are limited to the lesser of the total commitment or a specified advance rate applied to eligible leases pledged as collateral. The New Revolving Facility matures on December 4, 2026.
Borrowings under the New Revolving Facility bear interest at a term SOFR-based rate, subject to a 3.0 % floor and an applicable credit adjustment spread of 0.10 %, plus 7.0 % per annum.
As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had $71.6 million and $78.7 million, respectively, outstanding under the New Revolving Facility, with interest rates of 11.3 % and 11.5 % respectively.
Debt issuance costs are amortized over the life of the New Revolving Facility and included in interest expense. Unamortized issuance costs were $2.8 million as of March 31, 2026. Amortization expense related to debt issuance costs was $1.0 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
On November 3, 2025, the Company repaid and extinguished the outstanding term loan using proceeds from the issuance of Series A and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. In connection with these transactions, the Company also recognized a derivative liability associated with the convertible preferred stock (see Note 6). As a result, the Company’s capital structure and interest expense for periods subsequent to the repayment differ significantly from prior periods.
Liquidity & Going Concern
The Company’s financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP applicable to a going concern that contemplates the realization of assets and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business.
The New Revolving Facility matures on December 4, 2026, which is within one year after the date these financial statements are issued. The Company does not have sufficient cash on hand to repay the outstanding balance of the facility at maturity absent refinancing or extension.
As of March 31, 2026, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the New Revolving Facility, after giving effect to the limited waivers obtained subsequent to quarter end. Future compliance with certain financial covenants may require additional waivers from the lenders, and there can be no assurance that such waivers will be obtained as needed. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date these financial statements are issued.
The Company plans to continue to work closely with its lenders and intends to refinance, extend, or replace the New Revolving Facility prior to its maturity; however, there can be no assurance that such refinancing or extension will be completed on acceptable terms or at all.
The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded assets, or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. Borrowings on the New Revolving Facility are classified as current liabilities on the March 31, 2026 condensed consolidated balance sheet.
6.MEZZANINE EQUITY
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock
On November 3, 2025 (“Initial Issue Date”), the Company issued 35,000 shares of $0.0001 par value Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and 30,000 shares of $0.0001 par value Series B Convertible Preferred Stock to Hawthorn at a price of $1,000 per share for aggregate cash consideration of $65.0 million.
The Company classifies the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock as mezzanine equity because it is not mandatorily redeemable but is redeemable upon the occurrence of events that are not solely within the Company’s control. The Company has concluded
10
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
that the events upon which the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock becomes redeemable are not considered probable to occur and, accordingly, no remeasurement or accretion to redemption value has been recognized for the periods presented.
Additionally, as discussed in Note 1, the Company executed the Hawthorn Side Letter with Hawthorn related to the pending Mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s. In accordance with the Hawthorn Side Letter, all outstanding shares of Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock immediately prior to the Mergers will be automatically redeemed at a price equal to the liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends, payable through the issuance of a new debt instrument.
In accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, the contingent redemption feature and the conversion feature of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock represent a compound embedded derivative (the “Convertible Preferred Derivative”) that is bifurcated from the host instrument and accounted for separately as a derivative liability.
The Convertible Preferred Derivative is initially measured at fair value and subsequently remeasured at each reporting date, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings within “Change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
As of March 31, 2026, the Convertible Preferred Derivative was remeasured to a fair value of $9.3 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company recognized a gain of $4.3 million related to the change in fair value of the Convertible Preferred Derivative, reflecting its remeasurement from the December 31, 2025 balance. As of December 31, 2025, the Convertible Preferred Derivative had a fair value of $13.6 million. See Note 11 for additional information regarding fair value measurements.
As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were 35,000 30,000
Liquidation and Dividend Rights
Each share of Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock has a stated liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, plus accrued and unpaid dividends. The Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock ranks senior to the Company’s common stock with respect to dividends and distributions upon liquidation, with the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock ranking senior to the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock.
As of March 31, 2026, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock had liquidation preference totals of $37.7 million and $32.3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock had liquidation preference totals of $36.0 million and $30.9 million, respectively.
The Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock accrues cumulative dividends at an annual rate of 18 % from the Initial Issue Date until the occurrence of certain specified events, and 12 % thereafter. Dividends may be paid in cash or added to the liquidation preference.
As of March 31, 2026, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock had accumulated undeclared dividends of $2.7 million and $2.3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock had accumulated undeclared dividends of $1.0 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
7.STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
As of March 31, 2026, the Company maintained two stock incentive plans: the Katapult 2014 Plan and the Katapult 2021 Plan.
11
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Stock Options
A summary of the status of the stock options under the Katapult 2014 Plan as of March 31, 2026, and changes during the three months then ended is presented below:
Number of Options | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years) | Aggregate Intrinsic Value | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance - December 31, 2025 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ||||||||||||||||||||
Expired | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance - March 31, 2026 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
Katapult 2021 Plan
The 2021 Plan provides for the issuance of equity awards to employees, directors and consultants. Awards granted under the plan generally vest over one to four years. As of March 31, 2026, there were 433,922 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our 2021 equity incentive plan.
The following table summarizes the Company’s RSA activity under the 2021 Plan during the three months ended March 31, 2026:
Restricted Stock Units | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance - December 31, 2025 | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Granted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exercised / Vested | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance - March 31, 2026 | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-Based Compensation Expense— Stock-based compensation expense was $0.5 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense is included in operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
12
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
8.INCOME TAXES
The income tax benefit of $0.04 million and income tax provision of $0.03 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate was (3.21 %) and (0.60 %) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2026 relates predominately to year to date income but forecasted pre-tax loss for the year. The provision for the three months ended March 31, 2025 relates predominately to state taxes. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 is different than the statutory rate primarily due to changes in the Company’s valuation allowance.
As of December 31, 2025, the Company had U.S. federal net operating loss carryforward of $234.2 million that expire in 2036 and 2037 and includes $211.7 million that have an unlimited carryforward period. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has U.S. state and local net operating loss carryforwards of $69.1 million that expire from 2026 to 2045.
In evaluating its ability to realize its net deferred tax assets, the Company considered all available positive and negative evidence, such as past operating results, forecasted earnings, prudent and feasible tax planning strategies, and the future realization of the tax benefits of existing temporary differences. The Company remains in a cumulative tax loss position for the 36 months ended March 31, 2026, and determined that it is more likely than not that its net deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
9.NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed using net income (loss) available to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock are participating securities, as they are entitled to participate in dividends with common stockholders on an as-converted basis. Accordingly, the Company applies the two-class method to allocate earnings between common stockholders and the participating preferred stock. Under the two-class method, net income (loss) available to common stockholders represents net income (loss) allocated to common stockholders after allocation of dividends and undistributed earnings to participating preferred stockholders.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, net income allocated to preferred stockholders included $2.7 million and $2.3 million of accumulated undeclared dividends on the Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, respectively, as well as a portion of undistributed earnings allocated under the two-class method. Diluted net income (loss) per share reflects the effect of potentially dilutive securities, applying the if-converted method for its convertible preferred stock and the treasury stock method for warrants and stock options.
For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company reported net income available to common stockholders. The Company evaluated all potentially dilutive securities, including its Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, and determined that their inclusion under the if-converted method would be anti-dilutive for the period. Accordingly, these securities were excluded from diluted weighted-average shares outstanding. Certain other instruments, including warrants and unvested RSUs, were also anti-dilutive and were excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share. Accordingly, diluted net income (loss) per share is equal to basic net income (loss) per share for the three months ended March 31, 2026.
13
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The following table summarizes the Company’s computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share available to common stockholders for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| Numerator: | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Less: Earnings allocated to participating securities | |||||||||||
| Accumulated undeclared dividends - Series A | ( | ||||||||||
| Accumulated undeclared dividends - Series B | ( | ||||||||||
Allocable net income (loss) | ( | ||||||||||
| Allocation of undistributed earnings - Series A | ( | ||||||||||
| Allocation of undistributed earnings - Series B | ( | ||||||||||
| Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share available to common stockholders - basic and diluted | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||
Lender Warrants
The Company has issued warrants that are exercisable for little or no consideration. Accordingly, the underlying shares are included in weighted average shares outstanding for both basic and diluted net income (loss) per share from the dates they became exercisable. The Company repurchased and reissued these warrants on November 3, 2025 in connection with the Hawthorn transaction, which did not impact basic or diluted net income (loss) per share.
IPO Warrants
The Company’s IPO warrants are excluded from basic weighted average shares outstanding and are included in diluted shares only when dilutive under the treasury stock method. For the periods presented, the warrants were out-of-the-money and anti-dilutive.
Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock
The Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock are considered participating securities and are included in the computation of basic earnings per share under the two-class method.
For diluted earnings per share, the Company evaluates the impact of these instruments under the if-converted method. As of March 31, 2026, no mandatory conversion events had occurred, and the Company evaluated the potential dilutive effect of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock under the if-converted method. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the effect of assumed conversion was anti-dilutive and, accordingly, the shares issuable upon conversion were excluded from diluted weighted-average shares outstanding.
The Company’s potentially dilutive securities, including shares issuable upon conversion of preferred stock, unvested RSUs, stock options and warrants, are evaluated for inclusion in diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods presented and are included only to the extent they are dilutive. Unvested RSUs were evaluated under the treasury stock method and were excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share as the assumed proceeds, including unrecognized compensation cost, exceeded the average market price of the Company’s common stock, resulting in no incremental shares.
14
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
The following table summarizes potential common shares outstanding at each period end that were excluded from diluted net income (loss) per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive:
Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||
| Public warrants | |||||||||||
| Private warrants | |||||||||||
| Stock options | |||||||||||
| Unvested restricted stock units | |||||||||||
| Shares issuable upon Series A and Series B Preferred Stock Conversion | |||||||||||
| Total potential common shares excluded | |||||||||||
10.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
From time to time, the Company may become involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Management believes that the ultimate liability, if any, from these actions will not have a material effect on its financial condition or results of operations. The Company is not currently aware of any indemnification or other claims, except as discussed below. The Company has accrued liabilities related to such obligations in the condensed consolidated financial statements when estimable and probable, as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.
Except as set forth below, the Company and its subsidiaries are not a party to, and their properties are not the subject of, any known material pending legal proceedings.
DCA Litigation
On October 7, 2024, the Company reached a settlement with DCA to resolve any and all disputes that exist between the two parties for total consideration of $3.0 million with half paid on October 11, 2024 and the remainder paid over the next two years . The case was formally discontinued, with prejudice on October 14, 2024.
During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company made its next installment payment for $0.3 million. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company had $0.5 million and $0.8 million, respectively, recorded as litigation settlement liabilities related to the settlement agreement. All obligations under the settlement will be fully satisfied by September 30, 2026.
FlexShopper Litigation
On September 30, 2024, FlexShopper, Inc. (“FlexShopper”) filed a complaint against Katapult in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Marshall Division. The complaint alleges patent infringement and seeks an injunction as well as damages for alleged lost profits and willfulness. On November 24, 2025, the court granted plaintiff’s counsel’s motion to withdraw due to “irreconcilable differences” and on January 20, 2026, the deadline, new counsel entered an appearance for plaintiff. On December 23, 2025, plaintiff filed for Chapter 11 protection in U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. On March 3, 2026, FlexShopper was sold to ReadySett, LLC a subsidiary of Snap Finance.
The Company has not recorded any loss contingencies associated with this litigation as loss is not probable and the amount is not reasonably estimable as of March 31, 2026. The Company intends to vigorously defend this case.
Pending Mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s
In connection with the pending Mergers, the Company may be required to pay an aggregate termination fee of $1.5 million to CCFI and Aaron’s if the Merger Agreement is terminated under certain specified circumstances in accordance with the Merger Agreement, including, among others, if (i) the Company receives and accepts a superior acquisition proposal or (ii) the Board changes its recommendation with respect to the transaction. The Company has not recorded any amounts within the financial statements related to this fee.
15
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
11.FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, accounts payable, accrued expenses, derivative liability, warrant liability, and borrowings under its credit facilities. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of its financial instruments, including cash, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. The Company measures its derivative liability and warrant liability at fair value on a recurring basis. Borrowings under the Company’s credit facilities are carried at amortized cost; however, their estimated fair values are disclosed below. The Company uses a third-party valuation firm to assist in determining the fair value of certain financial instruments.
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company classifies its financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The hierarchy is as follows:
Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date.
Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that are used when observable inputs are not available.
New Revolving Facility
| March 31, 2026 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying amount | Fair value | Carrying amount | Fair value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| New Revolving Facility | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The New Revolving Facility is carried at amortized cost. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the unamortized debt discount and issuance costs associated with the New Revolving Facility were $2.8 million and $3.8 million, respectively. The estimated fair value of the New Revolving Facility was determined using Level 2 inputs based on an estimated credit rating for the Company and the trading value of similar debt instruments with comparable credit characteristics.
Derivative Liability
The Company’s derivative liability consists of a compound embedded derivative associated with the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Convertible Preferred Derivative”).
Fair Value Measurement Using (as of March 31, 2026) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible Preferred Derivative | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Level 3 Rollforward - Derivative Liability ( March 31, 2026) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2025 | Change in fair value recognized in earnings | Conversions/ settlements | Balance at March 31, 2026 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Convertible Preferred Derivative | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Convertible Preferred Derivative arises from the contingent redemption feature and the conversion feature embedded in those instruments (see Note 6 for further information). Both features are aggregated and valued together as a compound derivative. The mandatory redemption and conversion features do not meet the equity classification criteria under ASC 815-40 because they are not indexed solely to the Company’s own stock and are therefore accounted for as an embedded derivative instrument. Accordingly, the mandatory redemption and conversion features were bifurcated from the host convertible preferred
16
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
stock and recorded as a derivative liability at fair value, with subsequent changes in fair value recorded in “Change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Convertible Preferred Derivative is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and is remeasured at fair value at each reporting date, with changes recognized in earnings. The decrease in fair value during the three months ended March 31, 2026 was primarily driven by a shorter expected time to a potential liquidity event and changes in the Company’s stock price.
The significant assumptions used in valuing the derivative liabilities as of March 31, 2026 include the following:
Convertible Preferred Derivative | |||||||||||||||||
| Assumptions | Series A Convertible Preferred Stock | Series B Convertible Preferred Stock | Units | ||||||||||||||
| Time to Liquidity | Years | ||||||||||||||||
| Risk free rate (continuous) | Percent per annum | ||||||||||||||||
| Volatility | Percent | ||||||||||||||||
| Dividend Rate | Percent per annum | ||||||||||||||||
| Discount Rate | Percent per annum | ||||||||||||||||
Warrant Liability
| Warrant liability - Public (Level 1) & Private Warrants (Level 3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value Measurement Using | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at March 31, 2026 | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
Changes in the fair value of the warrant liability are recorded in “Change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, there were no transfers between levels.
12.SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company is a U.S. domiciled business, with operations in 46 states and the District of Columbia, providing lease payment options to consumers to obtain durable goods from omnichannel and e-commerce partners. The Company has one business activity and there are no segment managers who are held accountable for operations, operating results and plans for components below the consolidated unit level. Accordingly, the Company has one operating segment, and therefore, one reportable segment. The accounting policies for this segment are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies and the measure of segment assets is reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as total assets. There have been no changes in the Company’s organizational structure or reporting practices during the three months ended March 31, 2026
The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the chief executive officer, Orlando Zayas. The CODM manages the business activities on a consolidated basis and measures the profitability of the Company's single reporting segment using net loss, a measure that is also reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Net loss is used by the CODM to evaluate results and is considered in determining capital allocation. The CODM considers net income (loss) to evaluate the performance of assets in deciding where to invest into the business, such as in areas such as technology, resources, or other growth initiatives. Net income (loss) is also used to monitor budget versus actual results.
The significant segment expenses reviewed by the CODM include cost of revenue, interest expense on the New Revolving Facility and other operating expenses. Cost of revenue is primarily comprised of depreciation expense on property held for lease, including impairment expense and accelerated depreciation on early lease-purchase options (buyouts) and other variable expenses such as call center fees. Operating expenses include general and administrative expenses, underwriting, processing fees, stock compensation and other depreciation. There are no other segment items.
17
KATAPULT HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
13.SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued, for events requiring adjustment to or disclosure in these consolidated financial statements. Except as discussed below, there were no events that require adjustment to or disclosure in these condensed consolidated financial statements.
On April 15, 2026, the Company entered into a limited waiver under the Loan Agreement that, among other things, waived certain existing defaults, including the Company’s failure to maintain the required Minimum Trailing Three-Month Net Originations covenant as of March 31, 2026 and certain charge-off related triggers, and related impacts to the advance rate.
On May 5, 2026, the Company entered into a limited waiver under the Loan Agreement that, among other things, waived certain existing defaults, including the Company’s failure to maintain the required Minimum Trailing Three-Month Net Originations covenant as of April 30, 2026.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this section to “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company”, or “Katapult” refer to Katapult Holdings, Inc and its subsidiaries.
The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and related notes included on our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 28, 2025. All dollar amounts are in thousands, unless otherwise specified.
OVERVIEW (dollars in thousands)
We are a technology driven lease-to-own platform that integrates with omnichannel retailers and e-commerce platforms to power the purchase of everyday durable goods for underserved U.S. non-prime consumers. Our point-of-sale (“POS”) integrations and innovative mobile app featuring KPay, make it easier for U.S. non-prime consumers unable to access traditional financing to spend responsibly and with confidence, easier for merchants to convert sales and grow, and easier for commerce to thrive.
Recent Developments
Pending Strategic Mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s
On December 11, 2025, we entered into the Merger Agreement pursuant to which CCFI and Aaron’s will become wholly owned subsidiaries of the Company, and the Company will remain a publicly traded entity. The Mergers, if completed, will create a premier omni-channel platform that provides non-prime consumers access to durable goods and a comprehensive suite of innovative financial solutions tailored to their specific needs. We have agreed to various customary covenants and agreements, including, among others, agreements to conduct our business in the ordinary course during the period between the execution of the Merger Agreement and the effective time of the Mergers. The Mergers are expected to close within the third quarter of 2026, following the receipt of the requisite stockholder and regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions.
We expect the Mergers, if completed, to significantly affect our future capital structure. Immediately following the consummation of the Mergers, the existing Katapult stockholders, CCFI equityholders, and Aaron’s equityholders, on a fully diluted basis, are expected to hold approximately 6.0%, 79.9%, and 14.1%, respectively, of the issued and outstanding shares of the combined company.
Refer to “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II of this Quarterly Report for further discussion about the risks related to the Mergers.
Key Performance Metrics
We regularly review several metrics, including the following U.S. GAAP and non-GAAP key metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate financial projections and make strategic decisions, which may also be useful to an investor.
Gross Originations
We measure gross originations to assess the growth trajectory and overall size of our lease portfolio. We define gross originations as the retail price of the merchandise associated with lease-purchase agreements entered into during the period through our platform. Gross originations do not represent revenue earned but are a leading indicator of forecasted revenue and is a useful operating metric for investors as it provides insight into the volume of transactions that take place on our platform.
Revenue is recognized over a period of time subsequent to the gross originations (on average over an 8 month period). Historically, we recognized approximately 70-75% of revenue from gross originations two quarters after the quarter in which the origination occurred.
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The following tables present gross originations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Originations | $ | 64,243 | $ | 64,199 | $ | 44 | 0.1 | % | |||||||||||||||
Gross originations through KPay represented 42% and 35% of gross originations during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.
Wayfair represented 18% and 27% of gross originations during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The gross originations from Wayfair exclude transactions through KPay and only include transactions directly through the Wayfair waterfall platform.
Total Revenue
Total revenue represents the sum of rental revenue and other revenue. We record rental revenue in accordance with ASC 842, Leases, with revenue being recorded when earned and cash is collected. Other revenue is recorded in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, with revenue being recorded as performance obligations are satisfied. See “—Results of Operations" section below for total revenue amounts.
Historically, our revenue is typically strongest during the first quarter primarily due to higher gross originations during the fourth quarter holiday season. Our first quarter revenue is also positively impacted by the federal and state income tax refunds that our customers receive in the first quarter which, in the past, has led to our customers more frequently exercising the early purchase option on their lease agreements. Adverse and other events that occur could have a disproportionate effect on our financial results throughout the year.
Gross Profit
Gross profit represents total revenue less cost of revenue, and is a measure presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
See “—Results of Operations” section below for gross profit amounts.
Adjusted Gross Profit
Adjusted gross profit is a non-GAAP measure utilized by management, representing gross profit less variable operating expenses, which are servicing costs and underwriting fees. We believe that adjusted gross profit provides a meaningful understanding of profitability when variable lease origination costs are included. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section below for a reconciliation of gross profit to adjusted gross profit.
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that is defined as net income (loss) before interest expense and other fees, transaction related costs, stock-based compensation expense, debt refinancing costs, depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software, litigation and settlement expenses, provision for impairment of leased assets, interest income, gain on extinguishment of term loan and settlement of derivative liability, net, and change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants. Transaction-related costs consist primarily of professional fees incurred and retention bonus costs in connection with the Mergers.
We believe that adjusted EBITDA provides a meaningful understanding of our operating performance. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section below for a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP measure utilized by management, to net income (loss).
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Three Months Ended March 31, 2026 compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2025:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | Change | % Change | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rental revenue | $ | 77,422 | $ | 71,078 | $ | 6,344 | 8.9 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Other revenue | 1,599 | 868 | 731 | 84.2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 79,021 | 71,946 | 7,075 | 9.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | 60,822 | 57,597 | 3,225 | 5.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 18,199 | 14,349 | 3,850 | 26.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses | 13,864 | 14,885 | (1,021) | (6.9 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | 4,335 | (536) | 4,871 | (908.8 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense and other fees | (3,139) | (5,144) | 2,005 | (39.0 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 130 | 57 | 73 | 128.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants | 4,316 | (36) | 4,352 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 5,642 | (5,659) | 11,301 | (199.7 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit (provision) for income taxes | 44 | (29) | 73 | (251.7 | %) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 5,686 | $ | (5,688) | $ | 11,374 | (200.0 | %) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) available to common stockholders | $ | 355 | $ | (5,688) | $ | 6,043 | (106.2 | %) | |||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic and diluted | 5,455 | 4,618 | 837 | 18.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share available to common stockholders - basic and diluted | $ | 0.07 | $ | (1.23) | $ | 1.30 | (105.7 | %) | |||||||||||||||
Revenue
The increase in total revenue of $7.1 million, or 9.8%, during the three months ended March 31, 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025 was primarily driven by growth in the Company’s lease portfolio and strong collection efforts. Gross originations remained relatively consistent period-over-period, and revenue growth was driven by a larger base of active leases generating recurring revenue, as a result of originations growth in Q4 2025 as well as increased buyout activity and improvements in recoveries.
Write-offs as a percentage of total revenue was 9.2% and 9.0% during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and remains within our 8% to 10% target range. The provision for write-offs represents estimated losses based on historical results. Actual write-offs may differ from this estimate.
Cost of Revenue
The increase in cost of revenue of $3.2 million, or 5.6%, during the three months ended March 31, 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025 was primarily driven by growth in the Company’s lease portfolio, reflecting higher gross originations in Q4 2025. This growth resulted in higher depreciation expense, including the impact of accelerated depreciation associated with early lease-purchase options (buyouts) and impairment activity.
Gross Profit
Gross profit as a percentage of total revenue increased to 23.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to 19.9% for the same period in 2025 primarily due to the increase in revenue outpacing growth in cost of revenue. Revenue is impacted
21
by growth in the Company’s lease portfolio, increased buyout activity and recoveries, and growth in KPay as outlined in the Revenue section above.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses primarily consist of servicing costs, underwriting fees, professional and consulting fees, technology and data analytics expense, compensation costs, general and administrative expense and litigation and settlement expenses. Servicing costs include permanent and temporary call center support. Underwriting fees primarily consist of data costs related to inputs for customer underwriting models. Professional and consulting fees include corporate legal, transaction related costs and accounting costs. Transaction related costs consist of professional fees and other expenses incurred in connection with the Mergers. Technology and data analytics expense includes technology costs and salaries and benefits for computer programming and data analytics employees that support our underlying technology and proprietary risk model algorithms. Compensation costs consist primarily of payroll and related costs and stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses include insurance, occupancy costs, travel and entertainment, and other general overhead costs, including depreciation and amortization related to office equipment and software. Litigation and settlement expenses consist of agreed upon settlement amounts that are probable and estimable and associated legal fees.
The decrease in total operating expenses of $1.0 million, or 6.9% during the three months ended March 31, 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025 was primarily due to lower compensation expense of $1.2 million and lower general and administrative expense of $1.0 million, partially offset by $1.7 million of transaction related costs during the three months ended March 31, 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025.
Interest Expense and Other Fees
Interest expense decreased by $2.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 as compared to the same period in 2025, primarily due to the absence of the Term Loan in 2026 following its extinguishment in November 2025, which eliminated PIK interest and the amortization of the related debt discount and issuance costs. The decrease was further supported by a decline in the average SOFR rate and the overall effective interest rate on the Company’s debt period-over-period.
Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liability and Warrants
The Company recognized a gain of $4.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to an immaterial change in 2025. The current period gain was primarily driven by the remeasurement of the Company’s derivative liability and warrant liabilities to fair value. The derivative liability was not outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 2025; prior period activity relates solely to changes in the fair value of warrant liabilities. These adjustments are non-cash in nature and reflect changes in the estimated fair value of these instruments at each reporting date. See Note 11 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more details.
Net Income (Loss)
As a result of the factors discussed above, the Company generated net income of $5.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to a net loss of $(5.7) million during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders.
Net income available to common stockholders was $0.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to a net loss available to common stockholders of $(5.7) million during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Although the Company generated net income of $5.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 net income available to common stockholders was reduced by $(5.3) million related to the Company’s Series A and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, including accumulated undeclared dividends and allocation of undistributed earnings under the two-class method, which allocates earnings to participating securities prior to common stockholders.
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Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders Per Share — Basic and Diluted
Net income per share available to common stockholders was $0.07 basic and diluted for the three months ended March 31, 2026 compared to net loss per share available to common stockholders of $(1.23) basic and diluted for the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to gross profit and net loss, which are measures presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we believe that adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss) and fixed cash operating expenses provide relevant and useful information, which is widely used by analysts, investors, and competitors in our industry in assessing performance. Adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income (loss) and fixed cash operating expenses are supplemental measures of our performance that are neither required by nor presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted gross profit, Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income (loss) should not be considered as substitutes for U.S. GAAP metrics such as gross profit, operating loss, net loss, or any other performance measures derived in accordance with U.S. GAAP and may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies.
Adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net loss are useful to an investor in evaluating our performance because these measures:
•Are widely used to measure a company’s operating performance;
•Are financial measurements that are used by rating agencies, lenders and other parties to evaluate our credit worthiness; and
•Are considered by our management for various purposes, including as measures of performance and as a basis for strategic planning and forecasting.
Adjusted Gross Profit
Adjusted gross profit represents gross profit less variable operating expenses related to lease originations, which are servicing costs and underwriting fees. We believe that adjusted gross profit provides a meaningful understanding of one aspect of our performance specifically attributable to total revenue and the variable costs associated with total revenue. The reconciliations of gross profit to adjusted gross profit for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 79,021 | $ | 71,946 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | 60,822 | 57,597 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 18,199 | 14,349 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Servicing costs | 1,235 | 1,085 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Underwriting fees | 658 | 772 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted gross profit | $ | 16,306 | $ | 12,492 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that is defined as net income (loss) before interest expense and other fees, transaction related costs, stock-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software, litigation and settlement expenses, provision (benefit) for income taxes, debt refinancing costs, interest income, provision for impairment of leased assets, and change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants. We believe that adjusted EBITDA provides a meaningful understanding of our operating performance.
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The reconciliations of net income (loss) to adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 5,686 | $ | (5,688) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Add back: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense and other fees | 3,139 | 5,144 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction related costs | 1,693 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 546 | 1,066 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software | 317 | 330 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation and settlement expenses | 135 | 259 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt refinancing costs | — | 971 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (Benefit) provision for income taxes | (44) | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | (130) | (57) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for impairment of leased assets | (629) | 150 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants | (4,316) | 36 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 6,397 | $ | 2,240 | |||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Net Income (Loss)
Adjusted net income (loss) is a non-GAAP financial measure that is defined as net loss before transaction related costs, stock-based compensation expense, litigation and settlement expense, debt refinancing costs, and change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants.
The reconciliations of net income (loss) to adjusted net income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are as follows
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 5,686 | $ | (5,688) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Add back: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction related costs | 1,693 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 546 | 1,066 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation and settlement expenses | 135 | 259 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt refinancing costs | — | 971 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liability and warrants | (4,316) | 36 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net income (loss) | $ | 3,744 | $ | (3,356) | |||||||||||||||||||
Fixed Cash Operating Expenses
Fixed cash operating expenses is a non-GAAP measure that is defined as operating expenses less variable lease costs such as servicing costs and underwriting fees, transaction related costs, stock-based compensation expense, depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software, litigation and settlement expenses, and debt refinancing costs. We believe fixed cash operating expenses illustrate the ongoing expenses that we control.
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The reconciliations of operating expenses to fixed cash operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 are as follows:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses | $ | 13,864 | $ | 14,885 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Servicing costs | 1,235 | 1,085 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Underwriting fees | 658 | 772 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction related costs | 1,693 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | 546 | 1,066 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization on property and equipment and capitalized software | 317 | 330 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Litigation and settlement expenses | 135 | 259 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Debt refinancing costs | — | 971 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed cash operating expenses | $ | 9,280 | $ | 10,402 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LIQUIDITY & CAPITAL RESOURCES (dollars in thousands)
The Company’s financing generally consists of cash generated from leases and borrowings under its RLOC, which is fully collateralized by the Company’s assets. Restricted cash consists primarily of customer lease payments received in a collection account pending release by the Company's lenders. Restrictions are released on a weekly basis pursuant to completion of waterfall and borrowing base requirements.
Our revenue and operating results depend significantly on gross originations, which is defined as the retail price of the merchandise associated with lease-purchase agreements entered into during the period. Gross originations are a leading indicator of potential revenue streams. Revenue is recognized over a period of time subsequent to the gross origination date (on average over 8 months). As gross originations increase, the Company may require additional borrowings under the New Revolving Facility to fund growth in property held for lease.
The following table presents cash used in operating, investing, and financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | $ | 23,480 | $ | 16,552 | |||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in): | |||||||||||||||||
| Operating activities | 12,212 | 3,438 | |||||||||||||||
| Investing activities | (384) | (401) | |||||||||||||||
| Financing activities | (7,188) | (5,278) | |||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 28,120 | $ | 14,311 | |||||||||||||
The increase in cash provided by operating activities of $8.8 million for the 2026 period compared to the 2025 period is primarily driven by the improvement in net income (loss) and significant non-cash adjustments, including depreciation and amortization associated with the Company’s lease portfolio, partially offset by continued investment in property held for lease and changes in working capital.
The decrease in cash used in investing activities of seventeen thousand dollars for the 2026 period compared to the 2025 period is primarily driven by lower purchases property and equipment.
The increase in cash used in financing activities of $1.9 million in the 2026 period compared to the 2025 period is primarily driven by higher net principal repayments on the New and Existing Revolving Facilities.
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The New Revolving Facility provides total commitments of $110 million and matures on December 4, 2026. As the maturity date falls within twelve months of the issuance date of these financial statements and the Company does not have sufficient cash on hand to repay the outstanding borrowings at maturity absent refinancing or extension, the upcoming maturity and the need for potential waivers raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
The New Revolving Facility contains financial covenants, and as of March 31, 2026, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants, after giving effect to limited waivers obtained subsequent to quarter end; however, future compliance with certain covenants may require additional waivers from the lenders, and there can be no assurance that such waivers will be obtained.
Management intends to refinance, extend, or replace the New Revolving Facility prior to maturity and continues to work closely with the Company’s lenders; however, there can be no assurance that such refinancing or extension will be completed on acceptable terms or at all.
Financing Arrangements
Loan Agreement
For information on our obligations under the Loan Agreement, see Note 5 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Pledge and Guaranty
Borrowings under the New Revolving Facility are secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets and the equity interests of certain subsidiaries.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make a number of estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the periods presented. We evaluate our significant estimates on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions, impacting our reported results of operations and financial condition.
There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 11, 2026.
Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for a discussion of accounting pronouncements recently adopted and recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted and their potential impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Smaller Reporting Company
We are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in the Exchange Act. We may take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies and will be able to take advantage of these scaled disclosures for so long as our voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, or our annual revenue is less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and our voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter.
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ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk (dollars in thousands)
We are exposed to a variety of market and other risks, including the effects of changes in interest rates, and inflation, as well as risks to the availability of funding sources and other risks. Our investments are exposed to market risk due to a fluctuation in interest rates, which may affect our interest income and the fair market value of our investments.
Interest Rate Risk
The market risk inherent in our financial instruments and our financial position represents the potential loss arising from adverse changes in interest rates. We manage our interest rate risk based on an ongoing assessment of trends in interest rates and economic developments, giving consideration to possible effects on both total return and reported earnings. As a result of such assessment, we may enter into swap contracts or other interest rate protection agreements from time to time to mitigate this risk.
In connection with the Loan Agreement, the New Revolving Facility accrues interest at a rate per annum equal to SOFR, subject to a 3% floor and an applicable credit adjustment spread of 0.1%, plus 7.0% per annum. As of March 31, 2026, the interest rate on the New Revolving Facility was 11.3%.
The effect of a hypothetical 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates would not have had a material impact on the fair market value of our investments as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. A 100 basis point change in interest rates would cause our New Revolving Facility annual interest expense to change by approximately $0.7 million.
Inflation Risk
Although we believe that inflation has indirectly impacted our business by negatively impacting consumer spending and the sales of our key merchants, we do not believe that inflation has directly had, or currently directly has, a material effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Company reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2026. Based upon their evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective as of March 31, 2026.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time we may become involved with various legal proceedings. Refer to the information contained under the heading “Commitments and Contingencies” in Note 10 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our business is subject to a number of risks of which you should be aware before making a decision to invest in our securities. The summarized risks described below are not the only risks that we face. The following summarized risks as well as risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, earnings per share, cash flow or the trading price of our common stock. These summarized risks include, among others, the following:
Risks Related to our Proposed Mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s
• None of us, CCFI or Aaron’s can be sure if or when the Mergers will be completed.
• The market price of the Company’s common stock following the Mergers may decline as a result of the Mergers.
• The parties’ equityholders may not realize a benefit from the Mergers commensurate with the ownership dilution they will experience in connection with or following the Mergers.
• Certain provisions of the Merger Agreement may discourage third parties from submitting alternative takeover proposals, including proposals that may be superior to the arrangements contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
• Each party is subject to business uncertainties and contractual restrictions while the Mergers are pending, which could adversely affect each party’s business and operations.
Risks Related to our Preferred Stock
•Our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock could further reduce the voting power and dilute the ownership of holders of our common stock, and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
•If the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange is not consummated, the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock will continue to accrue dividends at an annual rate of 19% compounding weekly until the date the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is obtained, if at all. Upon the date the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is obtained, if at all, the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock will begin to accrue dividends at an annual rate of 12% compounding quarterly.
•If the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is obtained, the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock would be convertible without regard to the Ownership Limitation and would allow the holder(s) thereof to become the majority owner(s) of the Company.
Risks Related to the Loan Agreement and our Indebtedness
•If we trigger an event of default under the Loan Agreement and such event of default is not waived, our lenders would be entitled to terminate the Loan Agreement and accelerate our obligations under the Loan Agreement, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.
•We have substantial indebtedness, which may reduce our capability to withstand adverse developments or business conditions.
•The Loan Agreement governing the New Revolving Facility includes restrictive covenants and financial maintenance covenants, which could restrict our operations or ability to pursue growth strategies or initiatives including potential mergers and acquisitions opportunities. Failure to comply with these covenants could result in an acceleration of repayment of the indebtedness under the Loan Agreement, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Business, Strategy and Growth
•A meaningful percentage of our gross originations are concentrated with a single merchant, and any deterioration in the business of, or in our relationship with this merchant or any other key merchant relationship or partner could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.
•If we are unable to attract additional direct merchants and retain and grow our relationships with our existing direct merchants, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
•Unexpected changes to consumer behavior could cause our proprietary algorithms and decisioning tools used in approving customers to no longer be indicative of our customer's ability to perform.
•Our success depends on the effective implementation and continued execution of our strategies.
•If we fail to maintain customer satisfaction and trust in our brand our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
•If we are unable to attract new customers and retain and grow our relationships with our existing customers, or if attracting or retaining customers is not cost-efficient, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
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•Our estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market in which we compete achieves its forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all.
•The success and growth of our business depends upon our ability to continuously innovate and develop new products and technologies.
Financial Risks Related to Our Business
•We have a history of operating losses and may not be profitable in the future.
•We rely on card issuers and payment processors. American Express recently notified us that they will no longer serve as a processor for us. If we fail to comply with the applicable requirements of Visa, Mastercard or other payment processors, those payment processors could seek to fine us, suspend us or terminate our registrations which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Risks Related to Our Technology and Our Platform
•Real or perceived software errors, failures, bugs, defects, or outages could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
•Our results depend on continued integration and support of our platforms, including our direct and/or waterfall integration technologies by our merchant partners.
•We rely on KPay enabled merchants to allow access to their stores through our mobile app and our desktop and mobile websites.
•We are subject to stringent and changing laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security, which could increase the cost of doing business, compliance risks and potential liability and otherwise negatively affect our operating results and business regulations.
•Any significant disruption in, or errors in, service on our platform or relating to vendors, including events beyond our control, could prevent us from processing transactions on our platform or posting payments and have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
•Data security breaches or other security incidents with respect to our information technology systems, networks or data, or those of third parties upon which we rely, could result in adverse consequences, including but not limited to regulatory investigations, litigation, fines and penalties, disruption of our business operations, reputational harm, loss of revenue or profits, and loss of customers.
•Failure to adequately obtain, maintain, protect, defend and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Legal and Compliance Risks
•We are subject to sales, income and other taxes, which can be difficult and complex to calculate due to the nature of our businesses. A failure to correctly calculate and pay such taxes, or an unfavorable outcome on uncertain tax positions we may record from time to time, may result in substantial tax liabilities and a material adverse effect on several aspects of our performance.
•Our independent registered public accountants have issued a going concern opinion, and we will not be able to achieve our objectives and will have to cease operations if we cannot refinance our indebtedness and adequately fund our operations.
•If we fail to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be adversely affected.
•Changes to tax laws or exposure to additional tax liabilities may have a negative impact on our operating results.
•We are subject to legal proceedings from time to time which seek material damages or otherwise may have a material adverse effect on our business.
Operational Risks Related to Our Business
•Uncertain market and economic conditions have had, and may in the future have, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and share price.
•Failure to effectively manage our costs could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.
•Misconduct and errors by our employees, vendors, and service providers could harm our business and reputation.
Other Risks
•Our business depends on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees.
A description of the risks and uncertainties associated with our business is set forth below. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Additional risks and
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uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our securities could decline.
Risks Related to our Proposed Mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s
None of us, CCFI or Aaron’s can be sure if or when the Mergers will be completed.
Consummation of the Mergers is contingent upon the satisfaction of a number of conditions, some of which are beyond our, CCFI’s or Aaron’s control including, among others, (a) the absence of any law or governmental order preventing the consummation of the Mergers, corporate reorganization steps contemplated by the Mergers or the Katapult Stock Issuance, (b) the effectiveness of the registration statement pursuant to which the issuance of shares of our common stock to be issued in the Mergers will be registered with the SEC, (c) the shares of our common stock to be issued in the Katapult Stock Issuance having been approved for listing on Nasdaq, subject only to official notice of issuance, (d) receipt of required approvals from the equityholders of each of us, CCFI and Aaron’s, (e) the parties’ representations and warranties being true and correct (subject to certain customary materiality exceptions), (f) compliance by the parties with their respective covenants, (g) the absence of a material adverse effect on any of the parties’ businesses that is continuing and (h) delivery and execution of certain documents by the parties. Under certain circumstances, we would be required to pay CCFI and Aaron’s a termination fee of $1.5 million, of which 85% shall be paid to CCFI and 15% shall be paid to Aaron’s.
Each of us, CCFI and Aaron’s may not be successful in our respective efforts to satisfy the closing conditions. The failure to satisfy all of the required conditions could delay the consummation of the Mergers for a significant period of time or prevent consummation from occurring at all. Any delay in consummating the Mergers could cause us, CCFI and Aaron’s not to realize some or all of the benefits, or realize them on a different timeline than expected, that we, CCFI and Aaron’s, as applicable, expects to achieve if the Mergers are successfully consummated within the expected timeframe. There can be no assurance that the conditions in the Merger Agreement will be satisfied or (to the extent permitted) waived or that the Mergers will be consummated. If the Mergers are not completed, our Board, in discharging its fiduciary obligations to its stockholders, will evaluate other strategic alternatives or financing options that may be available, which alternatives may not be as favorable to our stockholders as the Mergers. Any future sale or merger, financing or other transaction may be subject to further stockholder approval. We may also be unable to find, evaluate or complete other strategic alternatives, which may have a materially adverse effect on our business.
Our, CCFI’s and Aaron’s efforts to complete the Mergers could cause substantial disruptions in, and create uncertainty surrounding, our respective businesses, which may materially adversely affect their respective results of operation and business. Uncertainty as to whether the Mergers will be completed may affect each of the Company’s, CCFI’s and Aaron’s ability to retain and motivate existing employees. A substantial amount of the Company’s, CCFI’s and Aaron’s respective management’s and employees’ attention is being directed toward the completion of the Mergers and thus is being diverted from their respective day-to-day operations. Uncertainty as to the Company’s, CCFI’s and Aaron’s respective futures could adversely affect their business and their relationships with suppliers, vendors, regulators and other business partners. For example, vendors and other counterparties may defer decisions concerning working with us, CCFI or Aaron’s, or seek to change existing business relationships. Changes to, or termination of, existing business relationships could adversely affect the Company’s, CCFI’s or Aaron’s respective results of operations and financial condition, as well as the market price of our common stock. The adverse effects of the pendency of the Mergers could be exacerbated by any delays in completion of the Mergers or termination of the Merger Agreement.
In addition, each of the Company, CCFI and Aaron’s may terminate the Merger Agreement under certain specified circumstances, including, but not limited to: (a) if the CCFI MIP Exchange, the Aaron’s MIP Exchange, the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange, the Hawthorn Warrant Exercise, the Mergers and the Katapult Stock Issuance are not consummated by September 30, 2026, subject to a 90-day extension if certain closing conditions have not yet been satisfied, (b) if a court of competent jurisdiction or other governmental body has issued a final non-appealable order or other action prohibiting the CCFI MIP Exchange, the Aaron’s MIP Exchange, the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange, the Hawthorn Warrant Exercise, the Mergers and the Katapult Stock Issuance, (c) if a vote on the Katapult Stock Issuance has been held at the Special Meeting and our stockholders have not approved the Katapult Stock Issuance, or (d) if the Company, CCFI, and Aaron’s, as applicable, materially breaches any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements, subject in certain cases to the right of the breaching party to cure the breach. The Company, CCFI, and Aaron’s may also terminate the Merger Agreement by mutual written consent.
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Until the Mergers are completed, the Merger Agreement restricts the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s from taking specified actions without the consent of the other parties and requires us to operate in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice. These restrictions may prevent the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s from making appropriate changes to their respective businesses or pursuing attractive business opportunities that may arise prior to the completion of the Mergers.
The market price of the Company’s common stock following the Mergers may decline as a result of the Mergers.
The market price of the Company’s common stock may decline as a result of the Mergers for a number of reasons, including if:
• investors react negatively to the prospects of the combined organization’s products, business and financial condition following the Mergers;
• the attention of the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s management is directed towards the Closing and other transaction-related considerations and is diverted from the day-to-day business operations of their respective businesses, as applicable, and matters related to the Mergers require commitments of time and resources that could otherwise have been devoted to other opportunities that might have been beneficial to the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s, as applicable;
• the effect of the Mergers on the combined organization’s business and prospects is not consistent with the expectations of financial or industry analysts; or
• the combined organization does not achieve the perceived benefits of the Mergers as rapidly or to the extent anticipated by financial or industry analysts.
The parties’ equityholders may not realize a benefit from the Mergers commensurate with the ownership dilution they will experience in connection with or following the Mergers.
After the completion of the Mergers, the current equityholders of the Company, CCFI and Aaron’s will own a smaller percentage of the combined organization than their ownership in their respective companies prior to the Mergers. Immediately after the Mergers, it is currently estimated that CCFI equityholders will own, or hold rights to acquire, approximately 79.9% of the combined organization on a fully diluted basis as described in the Merger Agreement, Aaron’s equityholders will own, or hold rights to acquire, approximately 14.1% of the combined organization on a fully diluted basis as described in the Merger Agreement and our equityholders, whose shares of our common stock will remain outstanding after the Mergers, will own, or hold rights to acquire, approximately 6% of the combined organization on a fully diluted basis as described in the Merger Agreement.
Certain provisions of the Merger Agreement may discourage third parties from submitting alternative takeover proposals, including proposals that may be superior to the arrangements contemplated by the Merger Agreement.
The terms of the Merger Agreement prohibit each of us, CCFI and Aaron’s from: (a) soliciting, initiating, knowingly encouraging or knowingly facilitating the making, submission or announcement of any Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry (each as defined in the Merger Agreement) or take any action that would reasonably be expected to result in an Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry, (b) knowingly furnishing any nonpublic information in connection with or in response to an Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry, (c) engaging in discussions or negotiations with any person with respect to any Acquisition Proposal or Acquisition Inquiry, (d) approving, endorsing or recommending any Acquisition Proposal and (e) executing or entering into any letter of intent or similar document or any contract contemplating or otherwise relating to any Acquisition Transaction, (as defined in the Merger Agreement), except in limited circumstances when such party’s board of directors determines in good faith that an unsolicited alternative takeover proposal constitutes or would reasonably be expected to result in a superior takeover proposal and that failure to cooperate with the proponent of the proposal would reasonably be expected to be inconsistent with the applicable board’s fiduciary duties.
These provisions could discourage a potential third-party acquirer or merger partner that might have an interest in acquiring all or a significant portion of the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s or pursuing an alternative Acquisition Transaction from considering or proposing such a transaction, even if it were prepared to pay consideration that is more favorable to be received or realized in the Mergers. In particular, a termination fee, if applicable, could result in a potential third-party acquirer or merger partner proposing to pay a lower price to Katapult’s stockholders than it might otherwise have proposed to pay absent such a fee. If the Merger Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, and either the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s determines to seek another business combination, the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s, as applicable, may not be able to negotiate a transaction with another party on terms comparable to, or better than, the terms of the Merger Agreement.
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Each party is subject to business uncertainties and contractual restrictions while the Mergers are pending, which could adversely affect each party’s business and operations.
In connection with the pendency of the Mergers, some customers, suppliers and other persons with whom the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s do business may delay or defer certain business decisions or terminate, change or renegotiate their relationships with the Company, CCFI or Aaron’s, as the case may be, as a result of the Mergers, which could negatively affect the Company’s, CCFI’s or Aaron’s respective revenues, earnings and cash flows, as well as the market price of our common stock, regardless of whether the Mergers are consummated.
Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, each of the Company, CCFI and Aaron’s is subject to certain restrictions on the conduct of its business prior to consummating the Mergers that may adversely affect its ability to execute certain of its business strategies, including the ability in certain cases to enter into or amend contracts, acquire or dispose of assets, incur indebtedness, incur capital expenditures, settle litigation, amend organizational documents, declare dividends, enter new business lines and invest in third parties.
Such limitations could adversely affect each of the Company’s, CCFI’s and Aaron’s businesses and operations prior to the consummation of the Mergers.
Each of the risks described above may be exacerbated by delays or other adverse developments with respect to the
consummation of the Mergers.
Risks Related to our Preferred Stock
Our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock could further reduce the voting power and dilute the ownership of holders of our common stock, and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
As further described in Note 6 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included within Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, on November 3, 2025, we issued and sold an aggregate of 35,000 shares of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock and an aggregate 30,000 shares of our Series B Convertible Preferred Stock. If the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange is not consummated, the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock could remain outstanding following the Mergers.
Each series of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock ranks senior to our common stock with respect to distributions on liquidation, winding-up and dissolution, and payment of dividends. In addition, subject to certain limitations, holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock are entitled to vote with holders of shares of our common stock, together as one class, on all matters submitted for a vote of holders of shares of our common stock on an as-converted basis, thereby effectively reducing the voting power of holders of our common stock. Conversions of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock into our common stock could also further reduce the voting power of our holders of common stock.
Moreover, the accrual of dividends paid in kind on the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock increased, and could further increase, the liquidation preference of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock , thereby increasing the number of shares into which the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible and further diluting the ownership interest and voting power of holders of our common stock.
Such reductions in voting power and the substantial dilution of ownership rights resulting from the issuance, potential conversion of and accrual of dividends on, the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock may adversely affect the market price for our common stock.
Securities class action litigation is often initiated against companies whose stock price declines following significant transactions by a company, such as transactions of the type that resulted in our issuance of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock to Hawthorn. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources, and could also require us to make substantial payments to satisfy judgments or to settle litigation.
If the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange is not consummated, the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock will continue to accrue dividends at an annual rate of 19% compounding weekly until the date the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is obtained, if at all. Upon the date the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is obtained, if at all, the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock will begin to accrue dividends at an annual rate of 12% compounding quarterly.
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Dividends on the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock initially accrued at a rate of 18% per annum, payable weekly, and currently accrue at a rate of 19% per annum, payable weekly, and, if the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange is not consummated, will continue to accrue at a rate of 19% per annum, payable weekly, until the date the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval (to remove the Ownership Limitation) is obtained, if at all. Pursuant to the terms of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock, as supplemented by a waiver entered into by Hawthorn as the sole holder of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock, because the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval was not obtained on or before the date of our first annual or special meeting of stockholders following November 3, 2025 (“Dividend Step-up Deadline”), the dividend rate will be increased by one percent (1%) during the period from, and including, the Dividend Step-up Deadline to, but excluding, the date when the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is first obtained, if at all. Accordingly, beginning on the date of our 2026 annual meeting of stockholders, the dividend rate on the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock increased to 19% per annum, payable weekly. Beginning on, and including, the date of the meeting at which the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is obtained, if at all, dividends will accrue at a rate of 12% per annum, payable quarterly.
If the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange is not consummated and the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is not obtained, the dividend rate will remain 19% per annum, payable weekly. Under no circumstance will the dividend rate decrease below 12% per annum. The dividend rate could have adverse effects on our financial condition and results of operations and could result in additional dilution to the ownership interest and voting power of holders of our common stock. There can be no assurance that the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval will be obtained.
If the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is obtained, the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock would be convertible without regard to the Ownership Limitation and would allow the holder(s) thereof to become the majority owner(s) of the Company.
Hawthorn is the current holder of all the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock. Until the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval (to remove the Ownership Limitation) is obtained, any conversion of Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock is subject to the limitation, such that Purchaser that no holder of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock may convert such shares to the extent that such conversion would result in such holder beneficially owning in excess of 19.99% of all our outstanding shares of our Common Stock as of November 3, 2025.
If the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange is not consummated, then following the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval, if the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval is obtained, Hawthorn, or another holder of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock, may convert any or all of its shares of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock into our common stock at any time, and may convert such shares into a number of shares of our common stock constituting a majority of the number of shares of the issued and outstanding common stock. Hawthorn, or another individual, group, or company that obtains Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock that would be freely convertible into a majority of the issued and outstanding common stock of the Company (“Majority Holder”), would be able to exercise significant influence over us, including control over decisions that require the approval of stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to influence the outcome of key transactions, including a change of control. There can be no assurance that the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock held by a Majority Holder would not be converted to a majority of the issued and outstanding common stock of the Company following the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval, or if so converted, as to the period of time during which such Majority Holder would be able to so influence and control our decisions. We expect that the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange will be consummated immediately prior to the Mergers pursuant to the Hawthorn Side Letter.
Under Nasdaq rules, a company of which more than a majority of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including certain requirements regarding independence of directors and board committee members. Following the Preferred Stock Investment Stockholder Approval, we could become a “controlled company” of a Majority Holder and choose not to comply with those corporate governance requirements. Accordingly, our stockholders would not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq. There can be no assurance as to the period of time during which we would remain a “controlled company”, if we became one.
Risks Related to the Loan Agreement and our Indebtedness
If we trigger an event of default under the Loan Agreement and such event of default is not waived, our lenders would be entitled to terminate the Loan Agreement and accelerate our obligations under the Loan Agreement, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.
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The Loan Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants that restrict some of our activities. The negative covenants limit our ability to: incur additional indebtedness; pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions; amend our material agreements; make investments; create liens; transfer or sell the collateral for the Loan Agreement; make negative pledges; consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and enter into certain transactions with affiliates. Our ability to meet these covenants could be affected by events beyond our control, and we may be unable to satisfy them. The Loan Agreement contains certain financial covenants. In particular, (1) as of the end of each month, we must maintain certain minimum Trailing Three-Month Net Originations representing net lease costs of newly originated leases in the immediately trailing three calendar month period and (2) we must maintain minimum liquidity of at least $5.0 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents as of the last business day of any calendar week. We have been in the past unable to comply with certain financial covenants in the Loan Agreement and may in the future be unable comply with (or breach) other covenants or requirements of the Loan Agreement. For example, as of each of July 31, 2025, August 31, 2025, September 30, 2025, October 31, 2025, December 31, 2025, January 31, 2026, February 28, 2026, March 31, 2026, and April 30, 2026, we were not in compliance with the Minimum Trailing Three-Month Net Originations covenant and the lenders granted (i) temporary waivers for the months of July 31, 2025, August 31, 2025, September 30, 2025 and October 31, 2025 (which initially expired at the end of the following month and were then permanently waived by the Second Amendment), and (ii) permanent waivers for the months of December 31, 2025, January 31, 2026, February 28, 2026, March 31, 2026 and April 30, 2026. We could continue fail to comply with such covenant or any other covenant or requirement of the Loan Agreement and trigger an additional event of default under the Loan Agreement. We anticipate that we will not have sufficient cash available to repay the New Revolving Facility under the Loan Agreement in the event of default.
If we trigger an event of default under the Loan Agreement and any such event of default is not waived by our lenders, we would not be able to borrow under the Loan Agreement, and our lenders would have the right to terminate the loan commitments under the Loan Agreement, accelerate repayment of all obligations under the Loan Agreement, and foreclose its liens against substantially all of our assets and take possession and sell any such assets to reduce any such obligations. While the lenders have previously granted the Company waivers of certain events of default, there is no guarantee that they will be willing to do so in the future. In addition, the rights of the lenders under the Loan Agreement are fully transferable and assignable and there is no guarantee that any transferee will be willing to grant any such waivers or have interests that align with the Company and its stockholders. In the case of an event of default in respect of which we are unable to negotiate with our lenders for a waiver or dispensation or upon maturity, if we do not have sufficient liquid assets to repay amounts outstanding under the Loan Agreement, the lenders have the right to foreclose their liens against all of our assets and take possession and sell any such assets to reduce any such obligations. As a result, we would likely be unable to continue our operations, be unable to avoid filing for bankruptcy protection and/or have an involuntary bankruptcy case filed against us. These events would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position.
We have substantial indebtedness, which may reduce our capability to withstand adverse developments or business conditions.
We have incurred substantial indebtedness. As of March 31, 2026, the total aggregate indebtedness under the Loan Agreement was approximately $71.6 million of principal outstanding. We, together with our wholly-owned subsidiary, Katapult Group, Inc., have guaranteed the obligations of the Borrower under the Loan Agreement. Our payments on our outstanding indebtedness are significant in relation to our revenue and cash flow, which exposes us to significant risk in the event of downturns in our business (whether through competitive pressures or otherwise), our industry or the economy generally, since our cash flows would decrease but our required payments under our indebtedness would not. Economic downturns may impact our ability to comply with the covenants and restrictions in our Loan Agreement and to make payments on our indebtedness as they become due.
Our overall leverage and the terms of our Loan Agreement could also:
•make it more difficult for us to satisfy obligations;
•limit our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures or acquisitions;
•limit our ability to service our indebtedness;
•limit our ability to adapt to changing market conditions;
•restrict us from making strategic acquisitions or cause us to make non-strategic divestitures;
•require us to dedicate a significant portion of our cash flow from operations to paying the principal and interest on our indebtedness, thereby limiting our ability to reach profitability and the availability of our cash flow to fund future capital expenditures, working capital and other corporate purposes;
•limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and in our industry generally; and
•place us at a competitive disadvantage compared with competitors that have a less significant debt burden.
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In addition, the Loan Agreement is secured by a pledge over all of the assets of the Borrower, is guaranteed by us and our wholly owned subsidiary, Katapult Group, Inc., which in turn is secured by a pledge over all of our assets and the assets of Katapult Group, Inc.
The Loan Agreement governing the New Revolving Facility includes restrictive covenants and financial maintenance covenants, which could restrict our operations or ability to pursue growth strategies or initiatives, including potential mergers and acquisitions opportunities. Failure to comply with these covenants could result in an acceleration of repayment of the indebtedness under the Loan Agreement, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Loan Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants that restrict some of our activities. The negative covenants limit our ability to: incur additional indebtedness; pay dividends, redeem stock or make other distributions; amend our material agreements; make investments; create liens; transfer or sell the collateral for the Loan Agreement; make negative pledges; consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and enter into certain transactions with affiliates. Non-scheduled repayments of certain amounts under the Loan Agreement are subject to certain restrictions. Our ability to meet these covenants could be affected by events beyond our control, and we may be unable to satisfy them which would prevent us from pursuing certain growth strategies or initiatives due to this limitation. These or other limitations could decrease our operating flexibility and our ability to achieve our operating objectives. The Loan Agreement contains the financial covenants described above. These financial covenants are restrictive and failure to comply with these covenants would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Business, Strategy and Growth
To the extent that we seek to grow through future acquisitions, or other strategic investments or alliances, we may not be able to do so effectively.
We may in the future seek to grow our business by exploring potential acquisitions or other strategic investments or alliances. We may not be successful in identifying businesses or opportunities that meet our acquisition or expansion criteria. In addition, even if a potential acquisition target or other strategic investment is identified, we may not be successful in completing such acquisition or integrating such new business or other investment. If the Hawthorn Preferred Stock Exchange is not consummated, certain business combinations, share exchanges, reclassifications or other corporate actions involving the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, as the case may be, will require the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of such series of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock, voting as a separate class or classes, as the case may be, unless such events do not adversely affect the rights, preferences or voting powers of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, as the case may be, and this requirement may limit the terms we are able to offer in a potential acquisition or investment. We may face significant competition for acquisition and other strategic investment opportunities from other well-capitalized companies, many of which have greater financial resources and greater access to debt and equity capital to secure and complete acquisitions or other strategic investments, than we do. As a result of such competition, we may be unable to acquire certain assets or businesses, or take advantage of other strategic investment opportunities that we deem attractive; the purchase price for a given strategic opportunity may be significantly elevated; or certain other terms or circumstances may be substantially more onerous.
There is no assurance that we will be able to manage our growth effectively, and any failure to do so could adversely affect our ability to generate revenue and control our expenses. Furthermore, we may be responsible for any legacy liabilities of businesses we acquire or be subject to additional liability in connection with other strategic investments. The existence or amount of these liabilities may not be known at the time of acquisition, or other strategic investment, and may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
A meaningful percentage of our gross originations are concentrated with a single merchant, and any deterioration in the business of, or in our relationship with, this merchant or any other key merchant relationship or partner could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We depend on continued relationships with Wayfair and other key merchants. Our top merchant, Wayfair, represented approximately 18% and 27% of our gross originations (which we define as the retail price of the merchandise associated with lease-purchase agreements entered into and do not represent revenue earned) for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Gross originations from Wayfair exclude transactions through KPay and only include transactions directly through the Wayfair waterfall platform. Our top ten direct merchants, which are merchants with whom we have a direct contractual arrangement, in the aggregate represented approximately 43% and 51% of our gross originations for the three
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months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The loss of any of our significant merchant partners, and in particular the loss of Wayfair, would materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects. In addition, a material modification in the merchant agreement with Wayfair or another significant merchant or changes in the prominence of our solution on a significant merchant’s website or prioritization of our solution in a significant merchant’s waterfall could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
There can be no guarantee that these direct merchant relationships will continue or, if they do continue, that these relationships will continue to be successful. There is a risk that we may lose merchants for a variety of reasons, including a failure to meet key contractual or commercial requirements, or if merchants shift to in-house solutions (including providing a service competitive to us) or competitor providers.
If our relationship with Wayfair or another key merchant deteriorates, they choose to no longer partner with us, or choose to partner with a competitor, or their business is negatively impacted by one or more factors, our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects will be materially and adversely affected.
The concentration of a significant portion of our business and transaction volume with a single merchant or a limited number of merchants exposes us disproportionately to events, circumstances, or risks affecting such single merchant, such as Wayfair, or our other key merchants. For example, supply chain issues have in the past and may in the future negatively impact the sales of many of our merchants which in turn has contributed to a decline in our gross origination volume during the applicable periods. If our key merchant partners, in particular Wayfair, are unable to acquire new customers or retain existing customers or are otherwise negatively impacted by the macroeconomic and geopolitical conditions, our results of operations, financial condition and prospects will be negatively impacted.
We also depend on continued relationships with key partners that assist in obtaining and maintaining our relationships with merchants. There is a risk that e-commerce platforms with which we partner (such as Shopify, BigCommerce, WooCommerce, and Magento) may limit or prevent Katapult from being offered as a payment option at checkout. We also face the risk that our key partners could become competitors of our business.
If we are unable to attract additional direct merchants and retain and grow our relationships with our existing direct merchants, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
Our strategy to grow our gross originations partially depends on our ability to maintain and grow our relationships with current direct merchants and to attract select new direct merchants that will stimulate consumer demand on our platform. The attractiveness of our platform to merchants depends on, among other things, our brand and reputation, our ability to sustain our value proposition to merchants for consumer acquisition, the attractiveness of our platform to merchants, the services, products and consumer decision standards offered by our competitors, and our ability to perform under, and maintain, our merchant agreements.
The success of our business is dependent on customers making payments on their leases when due and other factors affecting consumer spending and default behavior that are not under our control.
We generate substantially all of our revenue through payments on leases we provide to customers to obtain the merchandise of our merchants and we bear the risk of non-payment or late payments by our customers. As such, the success of our business is dependent on customers making payments on their leases when due. We primarily provide leases to non-prime customers who do not have sufficient cash or credit to obtain durable goods. The ability of these customers to make payments to us when due may be impacted by a variety of factors, such as loss of employment, deteriorating economic conditions and other factors including but not limited to disposable consumer income, inflation, consumer confidence in future economic conditions and political conditions, and consumer perceptions of personal well-being and security. Unfavorable changes in factors listed above could reduce demand for our products and services resulting in lower revenue and negatively impacting our business and our financial results. In addition to reducing demand for our products, these factors may unfavorably impact our customers' ability or willingness to make lease payments in a timely manner or at all, resulting in increased customer payment delinquencies and lease merchandise write-offs and decreased gross margins, which could also materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Unexpected changes to consumer behavior could cause our proprietary algorithms and decisioning tools used in approving customers to no longer be indicative of our customer's ability to perform.
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We believe our proprietary lease decisioning processes to be a key to the success of our business. The decisioning processes assume behavior and attributes observed for prior customers, among other factors, are indicative of performance by our future customers. Unexpected changes in consumer behavior caused by changing economic conditions and other factors may mean that our decisioning tools may not function as intended. As a result, we may approve customers that are not able to perform, which would lead to increased customer delinquencies, increased lease merchandise write-offs and decreased gross margins. When there are unexpected changes to consumer behavior, our decisioning process typically requires more frequent adjustments and the application of management analysis of the interpretation and adjustment of the results produced by our decisioning tools. If there is a challenging macro environment, we may need to make more frequent adjustments to our decisioning process in the near term. If our decisioning tools are unable to accurately predict and respond to changes to consumer behaviors as a result of general economic or other factors, our ability to manage risk and avoid charge-offs may be negatively affected, which may result in insufficient reserves and materially and adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Our success depends on the effective implementation and continued execution of our strategies.
We are focused on our mission to provide innovative lease financing solutions to non-prime customers and to enable everyday essential transactions at the merchant point of sale.
Growth of our business, including through the launch of new product offerings, requires us to invest in or expand our customer data and technology capabilities, engage and retain experienced management, and otherwise incur additional costs. For example, since we launched the app in late 2022, transactions that were completed using KPay have grown to represent 42% and 35% of our total gross originations for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Approximately 61% of our 2026 gross originations started with an interaction in our mobile app.
However, these product enhancements may not continue to generate the additional consumer and merchant engagement with our offerings that we expect. If these or other strategic initiatives are not successful longer-term, our competitiveness as well as our business and financial results may be materially and adversely affected. Our inability to address these concerns or otherwise to achieve targeted results associated with our initiatives could adversely affect our results of operations, or negatively impact our ability to successfully execute future strategies, which may result in an adverse impact on our business and financial results.
If we fail to maintain customer satisfaction and trust in our brand, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
We provide an LTO financing option for qualified customers seeking to obtain durable goods from omnichannel and e-commerce merchants. If customers do not trust our brand or do not have a positive experience, they will not use our services. Consequently, our ability to retain customers and attract repeat business is highly dependent on our reputation among our existing customers and merchants. Any failure to maintain a consistently high level of customer service, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality customer service, would adversely affect our reputation and the number of positive customer referrals that we receive and the number of new and repeat customers. As a result, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
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If we are unable to attract new customers and retain and grow our relationships with our existing customers, or if attracting or retaining customers is not cost-efficient, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
Our continued success depends on our ability to generate repeat use and increased gross originations from existing customers and to attract new consumers to our platform. Our ability to retain and grow our relationships with our customers depends on the willingness of customers to use our products and services, including our Katapult App and KPay. The attractiveness of our Katapult App to consumers depends upon, among other things, the number and variety of our merchants and the mix of products and services available through our platform, our brand and reputation, customer experience and satisfaction, trust and perception of the value we provide, technological innovation, and the services, products and customer decisioning standards offered by our competitors. If we fail to attract new customers to our platform, products and services, or if we do not continually expand usage, repeat customers and gross originations, our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
We operate in a highly competitive industry, and our inability to compete successfully would materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We operate in a highly competitive industry. We face competition from a variety of businesses and new market entrants, including competitors with lease-to-own products for e-commerce goods and other types of digital payment platforms. We face competition from virtual lease-to-own companies, e-commerce retailers (including those that offer layaway programs, title or installment lending or buy now, pay later programs), online sellers of used merchandise, and various types of consumer finance companies that may enable our customers to shop at online retailers, as well as with online rental stores that do not offer their customers a purchase option. These competitors may have significantly greater financial and operating resources, greater name recognition and more developed products and services, which may allow them to grow faster. Greater name recognition, or better public perception of a competitor’s reputation, may help the competitor take market share. Some competitors may be willing to offer competing products on an unprofitable basis (or may have looser decisioning standards or be willing to relax their decisioning standards) in an effort to gain market share, which could compel us to match their pricing strategy or lose business. Moreover, prime lenders may loosen their underwriting standards and provide credit to non-prime consumers, which would impact our gross origination as well as the credit quality of our customers and our business and results of operations. In addition, some of our competitors may be willing to lease certain types of products that we will not agree to lease, enter into customer leases that have services, as opposed to goods, as a significant portion of the lease value, or engage in other practices related to pricing, compliance, and other areas that we will not, in an effort to gain market share. Our business relies heavily on relationships with our merchants. Competitors undertaking these tactics could cause our merchants to cease to offer Katapult products in favor of our competitors, or to offer our product and the products of our competitors simultaneously, which could slow growth in our business and limit or reduce profitability. Merchants could also develop their own in-house product that competes with our product. Furthermore, virtual lease-to-own competitors may deploy different business models, such as direct-to-consumer strategies, that forego reliance on merchant relationships that may prove to be more successful.
Our estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market in which we compete achieves its forecasted growth, our business could fail to grow at similar rates, if at all.
Our market opportunity estimates, including the size of the virtual lease-to-own market, and expectations about market growth are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may not prove to be accurate, including our expectation with respect to the retail environment for home furnishings and other categories offered by our top merchant partners. Even if the markets in which we compete meet our size estimates and growth expectations, our business could fail to grow for a variety of reasons, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
We rely on the accuracy of third-party data, and inaccuracies in such data could adversely impact our approval process.
We use data from third parties as part of our proprietary risk model to assess whether a customer qualifies for one of our lease-purchase options. We are reliant on these third parties to ensure that the data they provide is accurate. Inaccurate data could cause us to not approve transactions that otherwise would have been approved, or instead, approve transactions that would have otherwise been denied and may lead to a higher incidence of bad debts and could have an adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
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The success and growth of our business depends upon our ability to continuously innovate and develop new products and technologies.
Our solution is a technology-driven platform that relies on innovation to remain competitive. The process of developing new technologies and products is complex, and we build our own technology, using the latest in artificial intelligence and machine learning (“AI/ML”), cloud-based technologies, and other tools to differentiate our products and technologies. See “Risks Related to Our Technology and Our Platform—We utilize AI/ML, which could expose us to liability or adversely affect our business” for more information. In addition, our dedication to incorporating technological advancements into our platform requires significant financial and personnel resources. In addition, our investment of resources to develop new products and technologies and make changes or updates to our platform may be insufficient. Our development efforts for these initiatives could divert capital and other resources from other growth initiatives important to our business. In addition, the product and technological enhancements that we introduce may not function as we intend or may not generate the benefits that we expect. We operate in an industry experiencing rapid technological change and frequent product introductions. We may not be able to make technological improvements as quickly as demanded by our customers and merchants, which could harm our ability to attract customers and merchants. In addition, we may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services as quickly as competitors or be successful in marketing these products and services to customers and merchants. If we are unable to successfully and timely innovate and continue to deliver a superior merchant and customer experience, the demand for our products and technologies may decrease and our growth, business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.
Our failure to accurately predict the demand or growth of our new products and technologies also could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects. New products and technologies are inherently risky, due to, among other things, risks associated with: the product or technology not working, or not working as expected; customer and merchant acceptance; technological outages or failures; and the failure to meet customer and merchant expectations. As a result of these risks, we could experience increased claims, reputational damage, or other adverse effects, which could be material. The profile of potential customers using our new products and technologies also may not be as attractive as the profile of the customers that we currently serve, which may lead to higher levels of delinquencies or defaults than we have historically experienced. Additionally, we can provide no assurance that we will be able to develop, commercially market, and achieve acceptance of our new products and technologies. Failure to accurately predict demand or growth with respect to our new products and technologies could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Financial Risks Related to Our Business
Our ability to timely raise capital in the future may be limited, or may be unavailable on acceptable terms, if at all.
The failure to raise capital when needed could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. Debt or equity issued to raise additional capital may reduce the value of our common stock. We cannot be certain when or if the operations of our business will generate sufficient cash to fund our ongoing operations or the growth of our business. We intend to make investments to support and grow our business and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop or enhance our technology, expand our sales and marketing efforts or develop new products. Additional financing may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to invest in future growth opportunities, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition. If we incur additional debt, the debt holders could have rights senior to holders of our common stock and/or existing debt to make claims on our assets. The terms of any additional debt could have covenants which restrict our operations, including our ability to pay dividends on our common stock, take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, or make capital expenditures. If we issue additional equity securities, stockholders will experience dilution, and the new equity securities could have rights senior to those of our common stock including liquidation or other preferences. Because the decision to issue securities in the future offering will depend on numerous considerations, including factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the
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amount, timing or nature of any future issuances of debt or equity securities. As a result, stockholders will bear the risk of future issuances of debt or equity securities reducing the value of their common stock and diluting their interest.
We have a history of operating losses and may not be profitable in the future.
We incurred a net income (loss) of $5.7 million and $(5.7) million during the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, respectively. Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 was primarily driven by a non-cash gain resulting from the remeasurement of the Company’s derivative liability to fair value. As of March 31, 2026, our accumulated deficit was approximately $141.4 million. While our operating expenses were stagnant for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the year ended December 31, 2024, we may need to further increase our operating expenses in the future in order to continue growing our business, attracting customers, merchants and funding sources, and further enhancing and developing our products and platforms. As we expand our offerings to additional markets, our offerings in these markets may be less profitable than the markets in which we currently operate. These efforts may prove more expensive than we currently anticipate, and we may not succeed in increasing our revenue sufficiently to offset these higher expenses. We may incur net losses in the future and may not be profitable on a quarterly or annual basis.
Our revenue and operating results may fluctuate, which could result in a decline in our profitability and make it more difficult for us to grow our business.
Our revenue and operating results have varied, and may in the future vary, from quarter to quarter and by season. Periods of decline have resulted, and could in the future result, in an overall decline in profitability and make it more difficult for us to make payments on our indebtedness and grow our business. We expect our quarterly results to fluctuate in the future due to a number of factors, including general economic conditions in the markets where we operate, and customer spending patterns, including the impact of holiday and seasonal sales and tax refunds.
Any significant disruption or errors relating to our loan providers and loan processor, could delay the processing of transactions on our platform or cause temporary fluctuations in cash use and have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Pursuant to the Loan Agreement, we are required to use a designated loan processor to validate customer purchases for funding our New Revolving Facility and, thus, in the operation of our platform. The performance and accuracy of said loan processor is essential to our operations and is critical to ensuring that loans are appropriately and timely funded. We rely on the designated loan processor to ensure their systems, internal procedures, verification processes and facilities are protected against service interruptions, power or telecommunications failures, criminal acts, and similar events. We may be harmed if there is a delay, disruption, or error in loan validation. Further, if our arrangements with the designated loan processor is terminated, or if there is a lapse in service due to errors, we could experience interruptions in the provision of our leases. We may also experience increased costs and difficulties in funding leases or finding replacement loan providers or processors on commercially reasonable terms, on a timely basis, or at all.
In addition, in the event of error or interruption, we may be required to use cash to cover for any losses or uncovered leases that might occur, albeit temporarily. This could reduce our available cash or cause reputational harm, any of which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
In December 2023, the processor for our loan provider experienced a timing error in their validation processes. We alerted them to the error, temporarily covering the approved leases with our cash and the issue was resolved in January 2024. Both our loan provider and processor have since instituted changes to correct against similar interruptions in service, but there can be no assurance that a similar error will not occur in the future.
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We rely on card issuers and payment processors. If we fail to comply with the applicable requirements of Visa, Mastercard or other payment processors, those payment processors could seek to fine us, suspend us or terminate our registrations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We rely on card issuers and payment processors, and must pay a fee for this service. American Express recently notified us that they will no longer serve as a processor for us. From time to time, payment processors such as Visa or Mastercard may increase the interchange fees that they charge for each transaction using one of their cards. The payment processors routinely update and modify their requirements. Changes in the requirements, including changes to risk management and collateral requirements, may impact our ongoing cost of doing business and we may not, in every circumstance, be able to pass through such costs to our merchants or associated participants. Furthermore, if we do not comply with the payment processors’ requirements (e.g., their rules, bylaws, and charter documentation), the payment processors could seek to fine us, suspend us or terminate our registrations that allow us to process transactions on their networks. The termination of our registration due to failure to comply with the applicable requirements of our payment processors, or any changes in the payment processors’ rules that would impair our registration, could require us to stop utilizing payment services from our payment processors, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.
Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” generally defined as a greater than 50.0% change (by value) in its equity ownership over a three-year period, the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change net operating loss carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes, such as research tax credits, to offset its post-change income may be limited or potentially significantly deferred compared to such ability in the absence of an “ownership change.” We believe that the completion of the de-SPAC transaction in June 2021 triggered such an “ownership change” resulting in limitations on our use of tax attributes from prior to the de-SPAC transaction. As a result of such an “ownership change,” our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and other tax credits generated since inception to offset U.S. federal taxable income may be subject to limitations. In addition, future transfers and transactions (including the pending Mergers and related transactions) that change the equity ownership of the company may trigger another “ownership change” and result in additional limitations on our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and other tax credits generated prior to the date of such “ownership change.” These limitations could potentially result in increased future tax liability to us and could require us to pay U.S. federal income taxes earlier than would be required if such limitations were not in effect. Similar rules and limitations may apply for state income tax purposes.
Risks Related to Our Technology and Our Platform
We utilize AI/ML, which could expose us to liability or adversely affect our business.
We use AI/ML in many aspects of our business. Our AI/ML capabilities are a combination of internally developed proprietary models and third-party data and services. In particular, we use AI/ML to create models which provide data to assist in key aspects of our business, including fraud analysis, credit risk analysis, and product personalization. Our core decisioning technology including our proprietary decision engine, fraud propensity models, default propensity models, and our proprietary scoring system is developed and maintained internally by our engineering and data science teams. These internally developed models are trained on our own historical transactions, lease repayment performance data, as well as third-party data, and they power our real-time underwriting decisions, risk-based pricing engine and our patent-pending leasable product detection technology within mobile app marketplace - KPay. In addition to our internal data and proprietary models, we rely on approximately 2,000 data elements from third-party providers to supplement the information collected directly from applicants. These third-party data sources include credit data providers, identity fraud check providers as well as digital identity intelligence and authentication platforms that assist in detecting and preventing payment fraud ensuring secure transactions. We also utilize third-party cloud infrastructure services, principally AWS, to host and operate our platform and we use certain third-party tools in areas such as marketing automation, customer engagement and collections.
Our reliance on third-party service providers, including cloud infrastructure providers and data vendors, exposes us to operational and strategic risks. If such providers experience outages, security incidents, contractual disputes, pricing changes, regulatory constraints, or discontinue services, our ability to deliver real-time underwriting decisions could be adversely affected.
There are significant risks involved in utilizing AI/ML and no assurance can be provided that our use of such AI/ML will enhance our products or services or produce the intended results. The AI/ML models that we use are trained using various data sets. If the AI/ML models are incorrectly designed, the data we use to train them is incomplete, inadequate, or biased in some
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way, or we do not have sufficient rights to use the data on which our AI/ML models rely, the performance of our products, services, and business, as well as our reputation, could suffer or we could incur liability through the violation of laws and regulations, third-party intellectual property, privacy, or other rights, or contracts to which we are a party. AI/ML can present ethical issues and may subject us to new or heightened legal, regulatory, ethical, or other challenges; and inappropriate or controversial data practices by developers and end-users, or other factors adversely affecting public opinion of AI/ML, could impair the acceptance of AI/ML solutions, including those incorporated in our products and services. If the AI/ML tools that we use are deficient, inaccurate or controversial, we could incur operational inefficiencies, competitive harm, legal liability, brand or reputational harm, or other adverse impacts on our business and financial results. Further, there can be no assurance that our use of AI/ML will result in our business or operations being more efficient or profitable or otherwise result in our intended outcomes. Moreover, our competitors or other third parties may incorporate AI/ML into their products more quickly or more successfully than us, which could impair our ability to compete effectively.
Additionally, if any of our employees, contractors, consultants, vendors or service providers use any third-party AI/ML-powered software in connection with our business or the services they provide to us, it may lead to the inadvertent disclosure or incorporation of our confidential information into publicly available training sets, which may impact our ability to realize the benefit of, or adequately obtain, maintain, protect, defend and enforce our intellectual property or other property rights, harming our competitive position and business. Any output created by us using AI/ML tools may not be subject to copyright protection, which may adversely affect our intellectual property and other proprietary rights in, or ability to commercialize or use, any such content. In the United States, a number of civil lawsuits have been initiated related to the foregoing and other concerns relating to AI/ML, any one of which may, among other things, lead us to limit the ways in which our AI/ML systems are trained and may affect our ability to develop our AI/ML-powered products and solutions. To the extent that we do not have sufficient rights to use the data or other material or content used in or produced by the AI/ML tools used in our business, or if we experience cybersecurity incidents in connection with our use of AI/ML, it could adversely affect our reputation and expose us to legal liability or regulatory risk, including with respect to third-party intellectual property, data privacy and security, publicity, contractual or other rights.
In addition, regulation of AI/ML is rapidly evolving worldwide as legislators and regulators are increasingly focused on these powerful emerging technologies. The technologies underlying AI/ML and its uses are subject to a variety of laws and regulations, including intellectual property, data privacy and security, consumer protection, competition, and equal opportunity laws, and are expected to be subject to increased regulation and new laws or new applications of existing laws and regulations. AI/ML is the subject of ongoing review by various U.S. governmental and regulatory agencies, and various U.S. states and other foreign jurisdictions are applying, or are considering applying, their platform moderation, data privacy and security laws and regulations to AI/ML or are considering general legal frameworks for AI/ML. Increased regulatory scrutiny
of AI/ML models, including model explainability, fairness, data privacy, and consumer protection requirements, could require us to make modifications to our models or processes, increase compliance costs, or restrict certain uses of these technologies. We may not be able to anticipate how to respond to these rapidly evolving frameworks, and we may need to expend resources to adjust our operations or offerings in certain jurisdictions if the legal frameworks are inconsistent across jurisdictions. Furthermore, because AI/ML technology itself is highly complex and rapidly developing, it is not possible to predict all of the legal, operational or technological risks that may arise relating to the use of AI/ML.
Real or perceived software errors, failures, bugs, defects, or outages could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Our platform and our internal systems rely on software that is highly technical and complex. In addition, our platform and our internal systems depend on the ability of such software to store, retrieve, manage and otherwise process immense amounts of data, including personal data. As a result, undetected errors, failures, bugs, or defects may be present in such software or occur in the future in such software, including open source software and other software we license in from third parties, especially when updates or new products or services are released.
Any real or perceived errors, failures, bugs, defects, or outages in such software could result in outages or degraded quality of service on our platform or errors in our financial reporting or charges to our customers that could adversely impact our business (including through causing us not to meet contractually required service levels), as well as negative publicity, loss of or delay in market acceptance of our products and services, and harm to our brand or weakening of our competitive position. In such an event, we may be required, or may choose, to expend significant additional resources in order to correct the error, failure, bug or defect. Any real or perceived errors, failures, bugs, defects, or outages in the software we rely on could also subject us to liability claims, result in data security breaches or other security incidents, impair our ability to attract new customers, retain existing customers, or expand their use of our products and services, which would adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
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Our results depend on continued integration and support of our platforms, including our integration with direct merchants.
We depend on our merchant partners, which generally accept most major credit cards and other forms of payment, to present our platform as a payment option and to integrate our platform into their website or in their store, such as by featuring our platform on their websites or in their stores and at checkout. The failure by our merchants to effectively present, integrate, and support our platform, or to effectively explain lease-to-own transactions to potential customers, would have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
In addition, as a result of user interface or design choices, a direct merchant could modify how our platform is presented as a payment option, including adjustment of the priority of positioning. The presentation and positioning of our platform by a direct merchant is up to the discretion of the merchant. A direct/waterfall may choose to position a competitor ahead of us, reduce the prominence or positioning of our platform, or remove our platform as a payment option. We may not have visibility that a change has been made until after the fact. Any change in our presentation or positioning with a direct merchant could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We rely on KPay enabled merchants to allow access to their stores through our mobile app and our desktop and mobile websites.
We depend on KPay enabled merchants to continue to allow our customers to utilize our platform, including our websites and mobile app, to access and buy goods at their stores. As a result, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to offer our customers access to any particular KPay enabled merchant. The loss of our ability to offer our customers access to KPay enabled merchants would have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We are subject to stringent and changing laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security, which could increase the cost of doing business, compliance risks and potential liability and otherwise negatively affect our operating results and business regulations.
In the ordinary course of business, we collect, receive, store, generate, use, transfer, disclose, make accessible, protect, secure, dispose of, transmit, share and otherwise process a wide variety of data and information, including personal data and sensitive personal data, proprietary and confidential business data, trade secrets, and intellectual property. For example, we process the personal data, including sensitive personal data, of customers, including Social Security numbers. We are subject to numerous data privacy and security obligations, such as various laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations that govern the processing of personal data by us or by third parties on our behalf.
In the United States, federal, state, and local governments have enacted numerous data privacy and security laws, regulations and rules including data breach notification laws, personal data privacy laws, and consumer protection laws. For example, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (“TCPA”) imposes specific requirements relating to marketing to individuals using technology such as telephones, mobile devices, and text messages. TCPA violations can result in significant financial penalties, including penalties or criminal fines imposed by the Federal Communications Commission or fines of up to $1,500 per violation imposed through private litigation or by state authorities. Class action suits are the most common method for private enforcement. We are also subject to the rules and regulations promulgated under the authority of the FTC, which regulates unfair or deceptive acts or practices, including with respect to data privacy and security. Moreover, the United States Congress has recently considered, and is currently considering, various proposals for more comprehensive data privacy and security legislation, to which we may be subject if passed.
Data privacy and security are also areas of increasing state legislative focus and we are, or may in the future become, subject to various state laws and regulations regarding data privacy and security. For example, the CCPA broadly defines personal information, gives California residents expanded privacy rights and protections, and provides for civil penalties for violations and a private right of action for certain data breaches. The CCPA is indicative of a trend towards greater state-level regulation of data privacy and security in the U.S. A number of other states have enacted, or are considering enacting, comprehensive data privacy laws that share similarities with the CCPA. In addition, laws in all 50 U.S. states generally require businesses to provide notice under certain circumstances to customers whose personal data has been disclosed as a result of a data breach. For additional information on data privacy and security laws, regulations and rules we are, or may in the future become, subject to, see the section titled “Business—Government Regulation” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
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In addition, privacy advocates and industry groups have proposed, and may propose, data privacy and security standards with which we are legally or contractually bound to comply. For example, we may also be subject to the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (“PCI DSS”), which requires companies that process payment card data to adopt certain measures to ensure the security of cardholder information, including using and maintaining firewalls, adopting proper password protections for certain devices and software, and restricting data access. Noncompliance with PCI-DSS can result in significant penalties or liability, litigation, loss of access to major payment card systems, damage to our reputation, and revenue losses. We may also rely on vendors to process payment card data, and those vendors may be subject to PCI DSS, and our business may be negatively affected if our vendors are fined or suffer other consequences as a result of PCI DSS noncompliance.
We also make public statements about our use and disclosure of personal data through our privacy policies, information on our website and press statements. Although we endeavor to comply with our public statements and documentation, we may at times fail to do so or be alleged to have failed to do so. The publication of our privacy policies and other statements that provide promises and assurances about data privacy and security can subject us to potential government or legal action if they are found to be deceptive, unfair or misrepresentative of our actual practices. Any concerns about our data privacy and security practices, even if unfounded, could damage our reputation and adversely affect our business.
Our obligations related to data privacy and security are quickly changing in an increasingly stringent fashion, creating some uncertainty as to the effective future legal framework. Additionally, these obligations may be subject to differing applications and interpretations, which may be inconsistent or conflict among jurisdictions. Preparing for and complying with these obligations requires significant resources and may necessitate changes to our information technologies, systems, and practices and to those of any third parties that process personal data on our behalf. In addition, these obligations may require us to change our business model. Our business model materially depends on our ability to process personal data, so we are particularly exposed to the risks associated with the rapidly changing legal landscape. For example, we may be at heightened risk of regulatory scrutiny, and any changes in the regulatory framework could require us to fundamentally change our business model.
Although we endeavor to comply with all applicable data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards, and contractual obligations, we may at times fail (or be perceived to have failed) to do so. Moreover, despite our efforts, our personnel or third parties upon whom we rely may fail to comply with such obligations, which could negatively impact our business operations and compliance posture. For example, any failure by a third-party service provider to comply with applicable laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations could result in adverse effects, including inability to or interruption in our ability to operate our business and proceedings against us by governmental entities or others. If we fail, or are perceived to have failed, to address or comply with data privacy and security obligations, we could face significant consequences. These consequences may include, but are not limited to, government enforcement actions (e.g., investigations, fines, penalties, audits, inspections, and similar); litigation (including class claims; damages); additional reporting requirements and/or oversight; bans on processing personal data; and orders to destroy or not use personal data.
Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, or financial condition, including but not limited to: loss of customers; interruptions or stoppages in our business operations; interruptions or stoppages of data collection needed to train our algorithms; inability to process personal data or to operate in certain jurisdictions; limited ability to develop or commercialize our products; expenditure of time and resources to defend any claim or inquiry; adverse publicity; or revision or restructuring of our operations.
Any significant disruption in, or errors in, service on our platform or relating to vendors, including events beyond our control, could prevent us from processing transactions on our platform or posting payments and have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
We use vendors, such as our cloud computing web services provider, virtual card processing companies, and third-party software providers, in the operation of our platform. The satisfactory performance, reliability, and availability of our technology and our underlying network and infrastructure are critical to our operations and reputation and the ability of our platform to attract new and retain existing merchants and customers. For example, KPay utilizes a third-party payment processor, the interruption of which could cause a decrease in the performance, reliability and availability of KPay.
In addition, via KPay, certain leases are originated by our issuing bank partner and then disbursed to merchants via single-use virtual cards facilitated through our partnership with an issuer processor, Marqeta. This issuer processor issues single-use virtual cards through Sutton Bank, its issuing bank partner, which allow leases facilitated through our platform to be processed over the card network. Our agreement with Marqeta covers management of card issuance, processing, and managing of the Sutton Bank relationship as well as standard terms related to service level obligations, fees, intellectual property, privacy and
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security, confidentiality, and termination for cause with chance to cure and termination for convenience after extensive notice. Such leases facilitated through our platform can be used at merchants where we are not integrated at checkout, allowing consumers to complete purchases with virtual cards just as they would with a standard credit or debit card. In the event that our issuer processor or the issuing bank partner become unable or unwilling to facilitate the disbursements to merchants and we are unable to reach an agreement with another third-party partner, such loans would no longer be able to be facilitated through our KPay platform.
We also rely on these vendors to protect their systems, networks and facilities against damage or service interruptions from natural disasters, power or telecommunications failures, air quality issues, environmental conditions, computer viruses, cyber-attacks or other attempts to harm these systems, data security breaches or other security incidents, criminal acts, and similar events. If our arrangement with a vendor is terminated or if there is a lapse of service or damage to its systems, networks or facilities, we could experience interruptions in our ability to operate our platform. We also may experience increased costs and difficulties in replacing that vendor and replacement services may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, on a timely basis, or at all. Any interruptions or delays in our platform availability, whether as a result of a failure to perform on the part of a vendor, any damage to one of our vendor’s systems, networks or facilities, the termination of any of our third-party vendor agreements, software bugs or failures, our or our vendor’s error, natural disasters, terrorism, other man-made problems, or data security breaches or other security incidents, whether accidental or willful, or other factors, could harm our relationships with our merchants and customers and also harm our reputation.
In addition, we source certain information from third parties. For example, our risk scoring model is based on algorithms that evaluate a number of factors and currently depend on sourcing certain information from third parties. In the event that any third-party from which we source information experiences a service disruption, whether as a result of maintenance, software bugs or failures, natural disasters, terrorism, other man-made problems, or data security breaches or other security incidents whether accidental or willful, or other factors, the ability to score and decision LTO applications through our platform may be adversely impacted. Additionally, there may be errors contained in the information provided by third parties. This may result in the inability to approve otherwise qualified applicants through our platform, which may adversely impact our business by negatively impacting our reputation and reducing our transaction volume.
To the extent we use or are dependent on any particular third-party data, technology, or software, we may also be harmed if such data, technology, or software becomes non-compliant with existing laws, regulations, rules or standards, becomes subject to third-party claims of intellectual property infringement, misappropriation, or other violation, or malfunctions or functions in a way we did not anticipate. Any loss of the right to use any of this data, technology, or software could result in delays in the provisioning of our products and services until equivalent or replacement data, technology, or software is either developed by us, or, if available, is identified, obtained, and integrated, and there is no guarantee that we would be successful in developing, identifying, obtaining, or integrating equivalent or similar data, technology, or software, which could result in the loss or limiting of our products, services, or features available in our products or services.
In addition, in the event of damage or interruption, our insurance policies may not adequately compensate us for any losses that we may incur. Our disaster recovery plan has not been tested under actual disaster conditions, and we may not have sufficient capacity to recover all data and services in the event of an outage. These factors could prevent us from processing transactions or posting payments on our platform, damage our brand and reputation, divert the attention of our employees, reduce our revenue, subject us to liability, and cause customers or merchants to abandon our platform, any of which could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
If major mobile application distribution channels change their standard terms and conditions in a manner that is detrimental to us, or suspend or terminate their existing relationship with us, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
We currently cooperate with Apple’s app store and the Google Play Android app store to distribute the Company’s app to users. As such, the promotion, distribution and operation of our application are subject to such distribution platforms’ standard terms and policies for application developers, which are subject to the interpretation of, and frequent changes by, these distribution channels. If these third-party distribution platforms change their terms and conditions in a manner that is detrimental to us, or refuse to distribute our application, or if any other major distribution channel with which we would like to seek collaboration refuses to collaborate with us in the future on commercially favorable terms, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
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Data security breaches or other security incidents with respect to our information technology systems, networks or data, or those of third parties upon which we rely, could result in adverse consequences, including but not limited to regulatory investigations or actions, litigation, fines and penalties, disruptions of our business operations, reputational harm, loss of revenue or profits, and loss of customers.
Cyber-attacks, malicious internet-based activity, and online and offline fraud are prevalent and continue to increase. These threats are becoming increasingly difficult to detect. These threats come from a variety of sources, including traditional computer “hackers,” threat actors, personnel (such as through theft or misuse), sophisticated nation states, and nation-state-supported actors. Some actors now engage and are expected to continue to engage in cyber-attacks, including without limitation nation-state actors for geopolitical reasons and in conjunction with military conflicts and defense activities. During times of war and other major conflicts, we and the third parties upon which we rely may be vulnerable to a heightened risk of these attacks, including cyber-attacks, that could materially disrupt our systems, networks and operations, supply chain, and ability to produce, sell and distribute our goods and services. The automated nature of our business and our reliance on digital technologies may make us an attractive target for, and potentially vulnerable to cyber-attacks. We and the third parties upon which we rely may be subject to a variety of evolving threats, including but not limited to: computer malware (including as a result of advanced persistent threat intrusions), malicious code (such as viruses and worms), social engineering (including phishing attacks), ransomware attacks, denial-of-service attacks (such as credential stuffing), personnel misconduct or error, supply-chain attacks, software bugs, server malfunctions, software or hardware failures, loss of data or other information technology assets, adware, telecommunication failures, earthquakes, fires, floods, and other similar threats.
Ransomware attacks, including by organized criminal threat actors, nation-states, and nation-state-supported actors, are becoming increasingly prevalent and severe and can lead to significant interruptions in our operations, loss of data and income, reputational harm, and diversion of funds. Extortion payments may alleviate the negative impact of a ransomware attack, but we may be unwilling or unable to make such payments due to, for example, applicable laws or regulations prohibiting such payments. Similarly, supply-chain attacks have increased in frequency and severity, and we cannot guarantee that third parties and infrastructure in our supply chain or our third-party partners’ supply chains have not been compromised or that they do not contain exploitable defects or bugs that could result in a breach of or disruption to our information technology systems and networks (including our products or services) or the third-party information technology systems and networks that support us and our services. We are incorporated into the supply chain of a large number of companies worldwide and, as a result, if our products are compromised, a significant number of companies could be simultaneously affected. The potential liability and associated consequences we could suffer as a result of such a large-scale event could be catastrophic and result in irreparable harm.
Cybersecurity risks may be heightened as a result of ongoing military conflicts such as military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the related sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries or the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East. Furthermore, future or past business transactions (such as acquisitions or integrations) could expose us to additional cybersecurity risks and vulnerabilities, as our systems and networks could be negatively affected by vulnerabilities present in acquired or integrated entities’ systems, networks and technologies.
Any of the above identified or similar threats could cause a data security breach or other security incident. A data security breach or other security incident could result in unauthorized, unlawful, or accidental acquisition, modification, destruction, loss, alteration, encryption, disclosure, transfer, use or other processing of, or access to our, our customers’, our vendors’ or our merchants’ confidential, proprietary, personal or other information. A data security breach or other security incident could disrupt our ability (and that of third parties upon whom we rely) to provide our platform, products, or services. We may expend significant resources in connection with investigating, mitigating or remediating, or modifying our business activities to protect against, actual or perceived data security breaches or other security incidents. Certain data privacy and security obligations may require us to implement and maintain specific security measures, as well as maintain industry-standard or reasonable security measures to protect our information technology systems and networks which contain confidential, proprietary, personal and other information.
While we have implemented security measures designed to protect against data security breaches and other security incidents, there can be no assurance that these measures will be effective. We may be unable in the future to detect vulnerabilities in our information technology systems and networks (including our products or services) because such threats and techniques change frequently, are often sophisticated in nature, may not be detected until after a security incident has occurred, and may see their frequency increased and effectiveness enhanced, by the use of AI/ML. Despite our efforts to identify and remediate vulnerabilities, if any, in our information technology systems and networks (including our products or services), our efforts may not be successful. Further, we may experience delays in developing and deploying remedial measures designed to address any such identified vulnerabilities.
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We rely upon third-party service providers and technologies to operate critical business systems to process confidential, proprietary, personal and other information in a variety of contexts, including, without limitation, third-party providers of cloud-based infrastructure, virtual card processing, encryption and authentication technology, employee email, and other functions. We may share or receive confidential, proprietary, personal or other information with or from third parties. Our ability to monitor these third parties’ information security practices is limited, and these third parties may not have adequate information security measures in place. Due to applicable laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations, we may be held responsible for data security breaches or other security incidents attributed to our third-party service providers as they relate to the information we share with them.
Any actual or perceived failure to comply with legal and regulatory requirements applicable to us, including those relating to data privacy and security, or any failure to protect the information that we collect from our customers and merchants, including personal information, from cyber-attacks, data security breaches or other security incidents, or any such actual or perceived failure by our originating bank partners, may result in, among other things, revocation of required licenses or registrations, loss of approved status, private litigation, regulatory or governmental investigations, administrative enforcement actions, sanctions, civil and criminal liability, and constraints on our ability to continue to operate.
Applicable data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations may require us to notify relevant stakeholders of data security breaches and other security incidents. Such disclosures are costly, and the disclosure or the failure to comply with such requirements could lead to adverse consequences. If we (or a third party upon whom we rely) experience, or are perceived to have experienced, a data security breach or other security incident, or fail to make adequate or timely disclosures to the public, regulators or law enforcement agencies following any such event, we may experience adverse consequences. These consequences may include: interruptions to our operations (including availability of data), violation of applicable data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations; litigation (including class claims), damages, an obligation to notify regulators and affected individuals, the triggering of indemnification and other contractual obligations, government enforcement actions (for example, investigations, fines, penalties, audits, and inspections); additional reporting requirements and/or oversight; restrictions on processing personal and other sensitive data; negative publicity; reputational damage; loss of customers and ecosystem partners; monetary fund diversions; financial loss; and other similar harms. Additionally, our originating bank partners also operate in a highly regulated environment, and many laws and regulations that apply directly to our originating bank partners are indirectly applicable to us through our arrangements with our originating bank partners. Our contracts may not contain limitations of liability, and even where they do, there can be no assurance that limitations of liability in our contracts are sufficient to protect us from liabilities, damages, or claims related to our data privacy and security obligations. We cannot be sure that our insurance coverage will be adequate or sufficient to protect us from or to mitigate liabilities arising out of our data privacy and security practices, that such coverage will continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or that such coverage will pay future claims.
While we take precautions to prevent customer identity fraud, it is possible that identity fraud may still occur or has occurred, which may adversely affect the performance of the LTO transactions facilitated through our platform.
There is risk of fraudulent activity associated with our platform, customers, and third parties handling customer information. Our resources, technologies, and fraud prevention tools may be insufficient to accurately detect and prevent fraud. We bear the risk of loss for LTO transactions facilitated through our platform. The level of fraud related charge-offs on the LTO transactions facilitated through our platform could be adversely affected if fraudulent activity were to significantly increase.
We bear the risk of customer fraud in a transaction involving us, a customer, and a merchant, and we generally have no recourse to the merchant to collect the amount owed by the customer. Significant amounts of fraudulent cancellations or chargebacks and the potential cost of remediation could adversely affect our business or financial condition. High profile fraudulent activity or significant increases in fraudulent activity could also lead to regulatory intervention, negative publicity, and the erosion of trust from our customers and merchants, and could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, prospects, and cash flows.
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Failure to adequately obtain, maintain, protect, defend and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Our business depends on intellectual property and proprietary technology and information, the protection of which is crucial to the success of our business. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, and trade secret laws in the United States, as well as license agreements, confidentiality procedures, non-disclosure agreements, and other contractual protections, to establish and protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, including our proprietary technology, software, know-how, and brand.
Although we take steps to protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will be sufficient or effective to prevent the unauthorized access, use, copying, reverse engineering, infringement, misappropriation or other violation of our intellectual property and proprietary technology and information, including by third parties who may use our intellectual property or proprietary technology or information to develop services that compete with ours. We may not be able to register or enforce all of our trademarks and any of our trademarks or other intellectual property rights may be challenged by others.
Further, we license certain technology, software, data and other intellectual property from third parties that are important to our business. Our business may suffer if any current or future licenses or other grants of rights to us terminate, if the licensors (or other applicable counterparties) fail to abide by the terms of the license or other applicable agreement, if the licensors fail to enforce the licensed intellectual property against infringing third parties or if the licensed intellectual property rights are found to be invalid or unenforceable.
We have in the past, and may in the future, be accused of infringing intellectual property rights of third parties which may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Third parties may claim that the technology used in the operation of our business infringes upon their intellectual property and other proprietary rights. For example, on September 30, 2024, FlexShopper filed a complaint against us in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas Marshall Division. The complaint alleges patent infringement and seeks an injunction as well as damages for alleged lost profits and willfulness. On November 24, 2025, the court granted plaintiff’s counsel’s motion to withdraw due to “irreconcilable differences” and gave the plaintiff until January 20, 2026 to find new counsel. On December 23, 2025, the plaintiff filed for Chapter 11 protection in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. On March 3, 2026, FlexShopper was sold to ReadySett, LLC, a subsidiary of Snap Finance. We have not recorded any loss contingencies associated with this litigation as loss is not probable and the amount is not reasonably estimable as of December 31, 2025. We intend to vigorously defend this case, but we cannot be certain of the ultimate outcome of these legal proceedings. If FlexShopper prevails in this ongoing litigation, we could be enjoined or be ordered to pay significant damages, either of which would have a material and adverse impact on our business. Even if we ultimately prevail in the FlexShopper litigation or other such litigation, this type of litigation is time-consuming and costly to defend, resulting in the diversion of significant operational resources and potential changes to our business model. Our involvement in intellectual property disputes and any failure to adequately obtain, maintain, protect, defend and enforce our intellectual property and other proprietary rights may cause our business, operating results and financial condition to suffer. In addition, during the course of this kind of litigation, there could be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If securities analysts or investors perceive these results to be negative, it could have a substantial adverse effect on the price of our common stock.
The possibility of intellectual property claims against us increases as we continue to grow. Such claims, with or without merit, may result in our expenditure of significant financial and management resources, injunctions against us or payment of damages. We may need to obtain licenses from third parties who allege that we have infringed their rights, but such licenses may not be available on terms acceptable to us or at all. Even if a license is available, we could be required to pay significant royalties, which would increase our operating expenses. As a result, we may be required to develop alternative non-infringing technology, which could require significant effort and expense. These risks have been amplified by the increase in third parties whose sole or primary business is to assert such claims.
The outcome of any claims, investigations and proceedings is inherently uncertain, and in any event, defending against these claims could be both costly and time-consuming and could significantly divert the efforts and resources of our management and other personnel. An adverse determination in any such litigation or proceedings could cause us to pay damages, as well as legal and other costs, limit our ability to conduct business or require us to change the manner in which we operate.
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Legal and Compliance Risks
Our business is subject to the requirements of various federal, state and local laws and regulations, which can require significant compliance costs and expose us to government investigations, significant additional costs, fines or other monetary penalties or settlements, and compliance-related burdens.
Our business is subject to extensive federal, state and local laws and regulations and an increased risk of regulatory actions as a result of the highly regulated nature of our industry and the focus of state and federal enforcement agencies on the LTO industry in particular. Any adverse change in applicable laws or regulations, the passage of unfavorable new laws or regulations, or the manner in which any applicable laws and regulations are interpreted or enforced could dictate changes to our business practices that may be materially adverse to the Company. Further, our transactions and operations are subject to various federal and state laws and regulations which may result in significant compliance costs as well as expose us to litigation. In particular, our rental-purchase transactions and the customer-facing operations related thereto, such as collections and marketing, are subject to various other federal, state and/or local consumer protection laws. These laws, as well as the rental-purchase statutes under which we operate, provide various remedies in connection with violations, including restitution and other monetary penalties and sanctions which in certain circumstances can be significant.
We cannot determine with any degree of certainty whether any new laws or regulations will be enacted, or whether government agencies will initiate new or different interpretations of existing laws. The impact of new laws and regulations, or modifications by regulators concerning the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws, on our business is not known; however, any such changes could materially and adversely impact our business.
The laws and regulations applicable to our operations are subject to agency, administrative and/or judicial interpretation. Some of these laws and regulations have been enacted only recently and/or may not yet have been interpreted or may be interpreted infrequently. As a result of non-existent or sparse interpretations, ambiguities in these laws and regulations may create uncertainty with respect to the requirements of any applicable laws and regulations. Any ambiguity under a law or regulation to which we are subject may lead to regulatory investigations, governmental enforcement actions and private causes of action, such as class action lawsuits, with respect to our compliance with such laws or regulations.
For information on the laws, regulations, rules, and standards we are, or may in the future become, subject to, and the associated risk to our business, see the section titles “Business—Government Regulation” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.
For information on data privacy and security laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations we are, or may in the future become, subject to, and the associated risks to our business, see the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Technology and Our Platform—We are subject to stringent and changing laws, regulations, rules, standards and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security, which could increase the cost of doing business, compliance risks and potential liability and otherwise negatively affect our operating results and business regulations.”
We are subject to sales, income and other taxes, which can be difficult and complex to calculate due to the nature of our businesses. A failure to correctly calculate and pay such taxes, or an unfavorable outcome on uncertain tax positions we may record from time to time, may result in substantial tax liabilities and a material adverse effect on several aspects of our performance.
The application of indirect taxes, such as sales tax, continues to be a complex and evolving issue, particularly with respect to the LTO industry generally and our virtual LTO business more specifically. Many of the fundamental statutes and regulations that impose these taxes were established before the growth of the LTO industry and e-commerce and, therefore, in many cases it is not clear how existing statutes apply to our business. In addition, governments are increasingly looking for ways to increase revenues, which has resulted in discussions about tax reform and other legislative action to increase tax revenues, including through indirect taxes. This also may result in other adverse changes in or interpretations of existing sales, income and other tax regulations. Further, we may fail to allocate sales tax correctly which could result in over-reporting or under-reporting revenue and sales tax expense.
If we fail to establish and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be adversely affected.
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We are required to comply with a variety of reporting, accounting and other rules and regulations. As a public reporting company subject to the rules and regulations established from time to time by the SEC and Nasdaq, we are required to, among other things, establish and periodically evaluate procedures with respect to our disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, as a public company, we are required to document and test our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 so that our management can certify, on an annual basis, that our internal control over financial reporting is effective. As such, we maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting, but there are limitations inherent in internal control systems. A control system can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefit of controls must be appropriate relative to their costs. Furthermore, compliance with existing requirements is expensive and we may need to implement additional finance and accounting and other systems, procedures and controls to satisfy our reporting requirements. We have in the past, and may in the future, identify deficiencies in our internal controls that, individually or in the aggregate, constitute material weaknesses. If we are not able to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or if we or our independent registered public accounting firm identify deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, we could fail to meet our reporting obligations or they could result in material misstatements of our financial statements, and we could also be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources. If our internal control over financial reporting is determined to be ineffective, such failure could cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, negatively affect the market price of our common stock, subject us to regulatory investigations and penalties, and adversely impact our business and financial condition.
Changes to tax laws or exposure to additional tax liabilities may have a negative impact on our operating results.
Continued developments in U.S. tax reform and changes to tax laws and rates in other jurisdictions where we do business could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows. It is also possible that provisions of U.S. tax reform could be subsequently amended in a way that is adverse to us.
In addition, we may undergo tax audits in various jurisdictions in which we operate. Although we believe that our income tax provisions and accruals are reasonable and in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that we prepare our tax filings in accordance with all applicable tax laws, the final determination with respect to any tax audits and any related litigation, could be materially different from our historical income tax provisions and accruals. The results of a tax audit or litigation could materially affect our operating results and cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made. In addition, future period net income may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties and interest assessments.
We are subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time that may seek material damages or otherwise may have a material adverse effect on our business.
We are subject to legal proceedings and claims from time to time that may seek material damages or otherwise may have a material adverse effect on our business. See "Commitments and Contingencies” in Note 10 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10- Q. The costs we incur in defending ourselves or associated with settling any of these proceedings, as well as a material final judgment or decree against us, could materially adversely affect our financial condition by requiring the payment of the settlement amount, a judgment or the posting of a bond and/or such matters could otherwise materially and adversely impact our business, including resulting in additional dilution if we are obligated to issue shares to settle all or a portion of such legal proceedings.
In addition, others in our industry have defended class action lawsuits alleging various regulatory violations and have paid material amounts to settle such claims. If we are named in any such class action lawsuits or other legal proceedings, significant settlement amounts or final judgments could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and capital resources.
To attempt to limit costly and lengthy customer, employee and other litigation, including class actions, we require our customers and employees to sign arbitration agreements, including class action waivers. In addition to opt-out provisions contained in such agreements, recent judicial and regulatory actions have attempted to restrict or eliminate the enforceability of such agreements and waivers. If we are not permitted to use arbitration agreements and/or class action waivers, or if the enforceability of such agreements and waivers is restricted or eliminated, we could incur increased costs to resolve legal actions brought by customers, employees and others, as we would be forced to participate in more expensive and lengthy dispute resolution processes.
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Operational Risks Related to Our Business
Uncertain market and economic conditions have had, and may in the future have, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and share price.
The global economy, including credit and financial markets, has experienced extreme volatility and disruptions, including heightened geopolitical tensions, imposition tariffs, severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, declines in consumer confidence, declines in economic growth, increases in unemployment rates, increases in inflation rates, higher interest rates and uncertainty about economic stability. For example, the ongoing military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and in the Middle East, as well as the U.S. government’s introduction of trade policy actions that have increased import tariffs across a wide range of countries at various rates, with certain exemptions have had, and are expected to continue to have, global economic consequences. Any such volatility and disruptions may have a material adverse effect on us or the third parties on whom we rely. If the equity and credit markets deteriorate, including as a result of political unrest, trade disruptions, potential tariff and trade wars, or war, it may make any necessary debt or equity financing more difficult to obtain in a timely manner or on favorable terms, more costly or more dilutive. Increased inflation rates can adversely affect us by increasing our costs, including labor and employee benefit costs. In addition, higher inflation could also adversely affect discretionary spending for non-prime customers, which could reduce demand for our products and services. Any significant increases in inflation and related increase in interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Failure to effectively manage our costs could have a material adverse effect on our profitability.
Certain elements of our cost structure are largely fixed in nature. Consumer spending remains uncertain, which makes it more challenging for us to maintain or increase our operating margins. The competitive environment in our industry and increasing price transparency means that the focus on achieving efficient operations is greater than ever. As a result, we must continuously focus on managing our cost structure. Failure to manage our overall cost of operations, labor and benefit rates, advertising and marketing expenses, operating leases, data costs, payment processing costs, cost of capital, or indirect spending could materially adversely affect our profitability.
Negative publicity about us or our industry could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Negative publicity about us or our industry, including the transparency, fairness, user experience, quality, and reliability of our platform or lease-to-own platforms in general, effectiveness of our risk model, our ability to effectively manage and resolve complaints, our data privacy and security practices, litigation, regulatory activity, misconduct by our employees, funding sources, service providers, or others in our industry, the experience of customers and investors with our platform or services or lease-to-own platforms in general, even if inaccurate, could adversely affect our reputation and the confidence in, and the use of, our platform, which could harm our reputation and cause disruptions to our platform. For instance, in October 2020, a data breach broker purported to offer customer records from a number of companies, including us, for sale on a hacker forum. Although we determined with third party firms and our internal team that the compromised data did not include confidential proprietary or personal data, we cannot guarantee that this publicity or any similar publicity in the future will not have a negative effect on our business or reputation. Any such reputational harm could further affect the behavior of customers, including their willingness to utilize lease-to-own programs through our platform or to make payments on their leases. As a result, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.
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Misconduct and errors by our employees, vendors, and service providers could harm our business and reputation.
We are exposed to many types of operational risk, including the risk of misconduct and errors by our employees, vendors, and other service providers. Our business depends on our employees, vendors, and service providers to process a large number of increasingly complex transactions, including transactions that involve significant dollar amounts and LTO transactions that involve the use and disclosure of personally identifiable information and business information. We could be adversely affected if transactions were redirected, misappropriated, or otherwise improperly executed, personal and business information was disclosed to unintended recipients, or an operational breakdown or failure in the processing of other transactions occurred, whether as a result of human error, a purposeful sabotage or a fraudulent manipulation of our operations or systems. In addition, the manner in which we store and use certain personal data and interact with customers and merchants through our platform is governed by various federal and state laws. If any of our employees, vendors, or service providers take, convert, or misuse funds, documents, or data, or fail to follow protocol when interacting with customers and merchants, we could be liable for damages and subject to regulatory actions and penalties. We could also be perceived to have facilitated or participated in the illegal misappropriation of funds, documents, or data, or the failure to follow protocol, and therefore be subject to civil or criminal liability. For example, our operations are subject to certain laws generally prohibiting companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions. Violations by our employees, contractors or agents of policies and procedures we have implemented to ensure compliance with these laws could subject us to civil or criminal investigations in the United States and in other jurisdictions, could lead to substantial civil and criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties, and related shareholder lawsuits, could cause us to incur significant legal fees, and could damage our reputation. It is not always possible to identify and deter misconduct or errors by employees, vendors, or service providers, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses. Any of these occurrences could result in our diminished ability to operate our business, potential liability to customers and merchants, inability to attract future customers and merchants, reputational damage, regulatory intervention, and financial harm, which could negatively impact our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
The loss of the services of any of our leadership team could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
The experience of our leadership team are valuable assets to us. Our leadership team has significant experience in the financial technology industry and would be difficult to replace. Competition for senior executives in our industry is intense, and we may not be able to attract and retain qualified personnel to replace or succeed any of our leaders. Failure to retain or recruit leadership team members could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
Our business depends on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees.
Our future success depends on our ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate, and retain highly qualified personnel for all areas of our organization, in particular, a highly experienced sales force, data scientists, and engineers. Competition for these types of highly skilled employees, is extremely intense. Trained and experienced personnel are in high demand and may be in short supply. Many of the companies with which we compete for experienced employees have greater resources than we do and may be able to offer more attractive terms of employment. Our recent refinancing of our Blue Owl debt has caused us to reduce expenses, in some cases, directly related to employees. In addition, we invest significant time and expense in training our employees, which increases their value to competitors that may seek to recruit them. We may not be able to attract, develop, and maintain the skilled workforce necessary to operate our business, and labor expenses may increase as a result of a shortage in the supply of qualified personnel. If we are unable to maintain and build our highly experienced sales force, or are unable to continue to attract experienced engineering and technology personnel, as well as other qualified employees, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.
Additional Risks Relating to Ownership of Company Securities
The price of our securities may change significantly in the future and stockholders could lose all or part of their investment as a result.
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The trading price of our common stock and public warrants is likely to be volatile and the trading price of our securities have experienced extreme volatility and a significant decline. The securities markets have experienced significant volatility as macroeconomic conditions, such as high inflation and the ongoing geopolitical conflicts including those between Russia and Ukraine and in the Middle East. Market volatility, as well as general economic, market, or political conditions, could reduce the market price of shares of our common stock regardless of our operating performance. Our operating results have been below and could continue to be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors due to a number of potential factors, including:
•results of operations that vary from the expectations of securities analysts and investors;
•results of operations that vary from those of our competitors;
•factors affecting consumer spending that are not under our control;
•changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates and investment recommendations by securities analysts and investors;
•declines in the market prices of stocks generally;
•strategic actions by us or our competitors;
•announcements by us or our competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, joint ventures, other strategic relationships or capital commitments;
•any significant change in our management;
•changes in general economic or market conditions or trends in our industry or markets;
•changes in business or regulatory conditions, including new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business;
•future sales or issuances of our common stock (including upon the exercise of warrants, or upon conversion of our Preferred Stock) or other securities;
•investor perceptions or the investment opportunity associated with our common stock relative to other investment alternatives;
•the public’s response to press releases or other public announcements by us or third parties, including our filings with the SEC;
•litigation involving us, our industry, or both, or investigations by regulators into our operations or those of our competitors;
•guidance, if any, that we provide to the public, any changes in this guidance or our failure to meet this guidance;
•the development and sustainability of an active trading market for our stock;
•actions by institutional or activist stockholders;
•changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations or principles; and
•other events or factors, including those resulting from natural disasters, geopolitical conflict (including the conflict involving Russia and Ukraine and the conflicts in the Middle East), pandemics (including COVID-19), acts of terrorism or responses to these events.
These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance. In addition, price volatility may be greater if the public float and trading volume of our common stock or public warrants is low.
We will continue to incur significant costs as a result of operating as a public company, and our management will continue to devote substantial time to managing new compliance initiatives.
As a public company, we will continue to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company, and these expenses may increase now that we are no longer an emerging growth company, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of Nasdaq and other applicable securities rules and regulations impose various requirements on public companies. Our management and other personnel will need to continue to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. The increased costs will impact our financial position. These rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be forced to accept reduced policy limits, higher retention levels, or incur substantially higher costs to maintain the same or similar coverage. We cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs we may incur to respond to these requirements.
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Because there are no current plans to pay cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future, you may not receive any return on investment unless you sell your common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.
We intend to retain future earnings, if any, for future operations, expansion and debt repayment and there are no current plans to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. The declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends on shares of our common stock will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. Our board of directors may take into account general and economic conditions, our financial condition and results of operations, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax, and regulatory restrictions, implications on the payment of dividends by us to our stockholders or by its subsidiaries to it and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. Holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to participate in and receive any dividends declared or paid on our common stock on an as converted basis, and no dividends may be paid to holders of our common stock unless full participating dividends are concurrently paid to holders of Preferred Stock, which may affect the amount and payment of any future dividends on shares of our common stock.In addition, our ability to pay dividends on our common stock is limited by covenants of our existing and outstanding indebtedness and may be limited by covenants of any future indebtedness that we incur. As a result, you may not receive any return on an investment in our common stock unless you sell our common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.
If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or if they downgrade our stock or our sector, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will rely in part on the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about us or our business. We will not control these analysts. In addition, some financial analysts may have limited expertise with our model and operations. Furthermore, if one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our stock or industry, or the stock of any of our competitors, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our stock could decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on it regularly, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause its stock price or trading volume to decline.
Future sales, or potential future sales, by us or our stockholders in the public market could cause the market price for our common stock to decline.
The sale of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could harm the prevailing market price of shares of our common stock. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that it deems appropriate.
Common stock reserved for future issuance under our equity incentive plans will become eligible for sale in the public market once those shares are issued, subject to provisions relating to various vesting agreements, lock-up agreements and, in some cases, limitations on volume and manner of sale applicable to affiliates under Rule 144, as applicable. As of March 31, 2026, there were 433,922 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our 2021 equity incentive plan.
On November 3, 2025, we entered into certain registration rights agreements with Hawthorn pursuant to which we agreed to file a registration statement covering the resale of the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of the Katapult Convertible Preferred Stock.
In the future, we may also issue securities in connection with investments or acquisitions. The amount of shares of common stock issued in connection with an investment or acquisition could constitute a material portion of our then-outstanding shares of common stock. Any issuance of additional securities in connection with investments or acquisitions may result in additional dilution to our stockholders.
Outstanding warrants are exercisable for, shares of our common stock, which would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to our existing stockholders.
On October 31, 2019, we entered into a warrant agreement, with FinServ Acquisition Corp., which entitles each warrant holder thereof to purchase 1/25th of a share of our common stock at a price of $287.50 per whole share, subject to adjustment. Warrants may be exercised only for a whole number of shares of common stock. In addition, Hawthorn currently owns warrants to purchase up to 160,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.25 per share which are vested and 486,264 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share which are vested.
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The issuances of our common stock upon the exercise of outstanding warrants will result in a significant increase in the number of shares of common stock outstanding, which means that our existing stockholders will own a smaller ownership interest in the Company, experience substantial dilution and have less ability to influence significant decisions requiring stockholder approval. If the holders of outstanding warrants exercise such warrants, our stockholders will experience substantial dilution and we may experience volatility in the price of our Common Stock. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
We will likely incur increased costs and devote additional management time to public company reporting and compliance obligations as a result of exiting “emerging growth company” status.
We no longer qualify as an emerging growth company under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (our eligibility to qualify as an emerging growth company ended on December 31, 2024). While we were an emerging growth company, we were able to take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and exemptions from the requirements of holding nonbinding advisory votes on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Now that we have exited emerging growth company status and we are no longer eligible to take advantage of the corresponding exemptions, we expect our management and other personnel to devote more time and the Company to incur additional costs to comply with the more stringent reporting requirements applicable to companies that are not emerging growth companies. We expect that compliance with these requirements will increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time consuming and costly. We cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur as a result of our exit from emerging growth company status, or the timing of the incurrence of such costs. Further, in the event that in the future we were to no longer be eligible to qualify as a “smaller reporting company,” and/or if we become subject to the requirements applicable to accelerated filers or large accelerated filers, including complying with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our compliance burdens and expenses will further increase. In addition, and as a general matter, we expect the foregoing public company rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance. Our management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to ensure that we comply with all of these requirements and to keep pace with new regulations, otherwise we may fall out of compliance and risk becoming subject to litigation or being delisted, among other potential consequences.
Anti-takeover provisions in our organizational documents could delay or prevent a change of control.
Certain provisions of our Amended and Restated Charter and Amended and Restated Bylaws have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a merger, acquisition, tender offer, takeover attempt or other change of control transaction that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by our stockholders.
These provisions provide for, among other things:
•the ability of our board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock;
•advance notice for nominations of directors by stockholders and for stockholders to include matters to be considered at our annual meetings;
•certain limitations on convening special stockholder meetings;
•limiting the ability of stockholders to act by written consent; and
•our board of directors have the express authority to make, alter or repeal our Amended and Restated Bylaws.
These anti-takeover provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if the third party’s offer may be considered beneficial by many of our stockholders. As a result, our stockholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors of your choosing and to cause us to take other corporate actions you desire.
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Our Amended and Restated Charter designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or stockholders.
Our Amended and Restated Charter provides that, subject to limited exceptions, any (1) derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of us, (2) action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, stockholder or employee to us or our stockholders, (3) action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or our Amended and Restated Charter or our Amended and Restated Bylaws, or (4) action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be exclusively brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, another state or federal court located within the State of Delaware. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of our Amended and Restated Charter described above. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or its directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us and our directors, officers and employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of our Amended and Restated Charter inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
Our independent registered public accountants have issued a going concern opinion, and we will not be able to achieve our objectives and will have to cease operations if we cannot refinance our indebtedness and adequately fund our operations.
We believe that we will not have sufficient cash available to repay our outstanding indebtedness if it were accelerated upon an event of default or at its scheduled maturity in December 2026 absent refinancing or extension. In addition, our credit facility contains financial covenants and future compliance with certain covenants may require additional waivers from the lenders, including waivers similar to those obtained subsequent to March 31, 2026. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with these covenants or obtain such waivers. As a result of these conditions, our independent registered public accountants issued an opinion in connection with the audit of our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 that includes an explanatory paragraph expressing substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued. The inclusion of an explanatory paragraph in the audit opinion regarding substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern may materially adversely affect our share price and our ability to raise new capital or to enter into critical contractual relationships with third parties.
While we intend to refinance our indebtedness or otherwise extend, replace or refinance our credit facility prior to its maturity, there can be no assurance that we will be able to secure such financing or adequately fund our operations, and we may be forced to liquidate our assets or discontinue our operations. The values we receive for our assets in liquidation or dissolution could be significantly lower than the values reflected in our financial statements. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amounts and classifications of assets and liabilities that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern. If we cannot continue as a going concern, our stockholders would likely lose most, if not all, of their investment in us.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
56
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
| Description | ||||||||
2.1† | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 18, 2020, by and among FinServ Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation, Keys Merger Sub 1, Inc., a Delaware corporation, Keys Merger Sub 2, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Katapult Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and Orlando Zayas, in his capacity as the representative of all Pre-Closing Holders (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 21, 2020). | |||||||
2.2† | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated December 11, 2025, by and among Katapult Holdings, Inc., Katapult Merger Sub 1, Inc., Katapult Merger Sub 2, LLC, CCF Holdings LLC and Aaron’s Intermediate Holdco, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 15, 2025). | |||||||
3.1 | Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated June 9, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on June 15, 2021). | |||||||
3.2 | Certificate of Amendment to the Katapult Holdings, Inc. Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Katapult Holdings, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2023). | |||||||
3.3 | Second Amended and Restated By Laws of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on December 28, 2023). | |||||||
3.4 | Certificate of Designations of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company, dated November 3, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on November 3, 2025). | |||||||
3.5 | Certificate of Designations of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company, dated November 3, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on November 3, 2025). | |||||||
10.1 | Limited Waiver, dated January 15, 2026, by and among Katapult SPV-1 LLC, Katapult Group, Inc., Katapult Holdings, Inc., and Midtown Madison Management LLC and the lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 15, 2026). | |||||||
10.2 | Limited Waiver, dated February 13, 2026, by and among Katapult SPV-1 LLC, Katapult Group, Inc., Katapult Holdings, Inc., and Midtown Madison Management LLC and the lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 20, 2026). | |||||||
10.3 | Limited Waiver, dated March 9, 2026, by and among Katapult SPV-1 LLC, Katapult Group, Inc., Katapult Holdings, Inc., and Midtown Madison Management LLC and the lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.52 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 11 , 2026). | |||||||
10.4 | Limited Waiver, dated April 15, 2026, by and among Katapult SPV-1 LLC, Katapult Group, Inc., Katapult Holdings, Inc., and Midtown Madison Management LLC and the lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 16 , 2026). | |||||||
10.5* | Limited Waiver, dated May 5, 2026, by and among Katapult SPV-1 LLC, Katapult Group, Inc., Katapult Holdings, Inc., and Midtown Madison Management LLC and the lenders party thereto. | |||||||
31.1* | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 | |||||||
31.2* | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 | |||||||
32.1** | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 | |||||||
32.2** | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 | |||||||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document | |||||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | |||||||
| 104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL Document) | |||||||
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith and not deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act (whether made before or after the date of the Form 10-Q), irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
† Certain of the exhibits and schedules to these exhibits have been omitted in accordance with Regulation S-K Item 601(a)(5). The registrant agrees to furnish a copy of all omitted exhibits and schedules to the SEC upon its request.
57
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| Date: | May 7, 2026 | /s/ Nancy Walsh | |||||||||||||||
| Nancy Walsh | |||||||||||||||||
| Chief Financial Officer | |||||||||||||||||
| (Principal Financial Officer) | |||||||||||||||||
58
FAQ
How did Katapult (KPLT) perform financially in the quarter ended March 31, 2026?
Katapult generated net income of $5.7 million compared with a net loss of $5.7 million a year earlier. Total revenue increased 9.8% to $79.0 million, and gross profit rose to $18.2 million, reflecting portfolio growth and improved gross margin.
What is driving Katapult’s improved profitability in early 2026?
Profitability improved due to higher revenue, better gross margins, and lower interest expense. Katapult also recorded a $4.3 million gain from changes in the fair value of derivative and warrant liabilities. Adjusted EBITDA increased to $6.4 million from $2.2 million a year earlier.
Why does Katapult describe a going concern risk in its March 31, 2026 report?
Katapult notes substantial doubt about continuing as a going concern because its New Revolving Facility, with $71.6 million outstanding, matures on December 4, 2026. The company lacks cash to repay it without refinancing and has required covenant waivers from lenders.
What are the key details of Katapult’s pending mergers with CCFI and Aaron’s?
Under the December 2025 Merger Agreement, CCFI and Aaron’s will become wholly owned subsidiaries. After closing, existing Katapult stockholders, CCFI equityholders, and Aaron’s equityholders are expected to own about 6.0%, 79.9%, and 14.1% of the combined company’s shares, respectively.
How much leverage does Katapult have under its New Revolving Facility?
As of March 31, 2026, Katapult had $71.6 million outstanding on its $110 million New Revolving Facility, bearing interest at about 11.3%. Borrowings are secured by eligible leases, and unamortized issuance costs of $2.8 million reduce the facility’s carrying value.
What is the impact of Katapult’s preferred stock on common shareholders?
Katapult has 65,000 shares of Series A and B Convertible Preferred Stock classified as mezzanine equity, with liquidation preferences of about $37.7 million and $32.3 million. Cumulative dividends and preference rights reduced Q1 2026 net income available to common stockholders to $0.4 million.