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[10-Q] LAKELAND FINANCIAL CORP Quarterly Earnings Report

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10-Q
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Lakeland Financial Corporation reported stronger Q3 results. Net income was $26.4 million (diluted EPS $1.03) versus $23.3 million ($0.91) a year ago, as lower funding costs and steady earning assets supported profitability.

Net interest income rose to $56.1 million from $49.3 million, while interest expense declined to $38.8 million from $45.7 million. The provision for credit losses was $2.0 million versus $3.1 million last year. Noninterest income was $13.0 million and noninterest expense was $35.0 million, reflecting higher compensation and processing costs.

Balance sheet growth continued: total assets reached $6.90 billion (from $6.68 billion at year-end), loans were $5.18 billion, and deposits were $6.02 billion. Stockholders’ equity increased to $747.4 million with accumulated other comprehensive loss improving to $(140.7) million. The company added $56.2 million in FHLB advances. A cash dividend of $0.50 per share was paid in the quarter. Shares outstanding were 25,528,732 as of September 30, 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation ha riportato risultati migliori nel terzo trimestre. L'utile netto è stato di 26,4 milioni di dollari (EPS diluito di 1,03$) rispetto a 23,3 milioni di dollari (0,91$) un anno fa, poiché costi di finanziamento più bassi e attività che generano reddito stabili hanno sostenuto la redditività.

Il margine di interesse netto è aumentato a 56,1 milioni di dollari da 49,3 milioni, mentre la spesa per interessi è diminuita a 38,8 milioni da 45,7 milioni. La rettifica per perdite su crediti è stata di 2,0 milioni rispetto a 3,1 milioni lo scorso anno. Le entrate non legate agli interessi sono state di 13,0 milioni e le spese non legate agli interessi sono state di 35,0 milioni, riflettendo costi di remunerazione e di elaborazione più elevati.

La crescita dello stato patrimoniale è proseguita: gli attivi totali hanno raggiunto 6,90 miliardi di dollari (da 6,68 miliardi di dollari a fine anno), i prestiti sono stati 5,18 miliardi, e i depositi sono stati 6,02 miliardi. Il patrimonio netto degli azionisti è aumentato a 747,4 milioni con la perdita cumulata su altri elementi comprensivi che si è attestata a (140,7) milioni. L'azienda ha aggiunto 56,2 milioni di dollari in anticipi FHLB. Un dividendo in contanti di 0,50 dollari per azione è stato pagato nel trimestre. Le azioni in circolazione erano 25.528.732 al 30 settembre 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation reportó resultados más fuertes en el tercer trimestre. El ingreso neto fue de 26,4 millones de dólares (EPS diluido de 1,03$) frente a 23,3 millones (0,91$) hace un año, ya que costos de financiamiento más bajos y activos generadores de ingresos estables respaldaron la rentabilidad.

El ingreso neto por intereses subió a 56,1 millones de dólares desde 49,3 millones, mientras que el gasto por intereses descendió a 38,8 millones desde 45,7 millones. La provisión para pérdidas crediticias fue de 2,0 millones frente a 3,1 millones el año pasado. Los ingresos no por intereses fueron de 13,0 millones y los gastos no por intereses fueron de 35,0 millones, reflejando mayores costos de compensación y procesamiento.

El crecimiento del balance continuó: los activos totales alcanzaron 6,90 mil millones de dólares (desde 6,68 mil millones al cierre del año), los préstamos fueron de 5,18 mil millones y los depósitos de 6,02 mil millones. El patrimonio de los accionistas aumentó a 747,4 millones con la pérdida acumulada de otros elementos del resultado integral que se situó en (140,7) millones. La empresa añadió 56,2 millones de dólares en avances de FHLB. Un dividendo en efectivo de 0,50 dólares por acción fue pagado durante el trimestre. Las acciones en circulación eran 25,528,732 al 30 de septiembre de 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation은 3분기 실적이 더 좋아졌다고 보고했다. 순이익은 2,640만 달러 (희석 주당순이익 1.03달러)으로 전년의 2,330만 달러 (0.91달러) 대비 증가했으며, 낮은 자금조달 비용과 안정적인 수익자산이 수익성을 뒷받침했다.

순이자수익은 5,610만 달러로 증가했고 4,930만 달러에서 올랐으며, 이자 비용은 3,880만 달러로 감소해 4,570만 달러에서 하락했다. 신용손실충당금은 200만 달러로, 작년의 310만 달러 대비했다. 비이자수익은 1,300만 달러였고 비이자비용은 3,500만 달러로, 보상 및 처리 비용 증가를 반영한다.

대차대조표 성장세는 계속됐다: 총자산은 69억 달러에 도달했고(년말 66.8억 달러), 대출은 51.8억 달러, 예금은 60.2억 달러였다. 주주자본은 7.474억 달러로 증가하고, 기타포괄손실 누계는 (140.7)백만 달러로 개선됐다. 회사는 5,620만 달러를 FHLB 대출로 추가했다. 분기 내 현금배당 주당 0.50달러가 지급됐다. 2025년 9월 30일 기준 발행주식 수는 25,528,732주였다.

Lakeland Financial Corporation a publié des résultats du troisième trimestre plus solides. Le bénéfice net s'est élevé à 26,4 millions de dollars (EPS dilué de 1,03$) contre 23,3 millions (0,91$) il y a un an, grâce à des coûts de financement plus faibles et des actifs générant des revenus stables.

Le produit net des intérêts est passé à 56,1 millions de dollars contre 49,3 millions, tandis que les intérêts débiteurs ont diminué à 38,8 millions contre 45,7 millions. La provision pour pertes sur créances était de 2,0 millions contre 3,1 millions l'année dernière. Les revenus non liés aux intérêts étaient de 13,0 millions et les charges non liées aux intérêts de 35,0 millions, reflétant des coûts de rémunération et de traitement plus élevés.

La croissance du bilan s'est poursuivie: les actifs totaux ont atteint 6,90 milliards de dollars (contre 6,68 milliards à la fin de l'année), les prêts 5,18 milliards, les dépôts 6,02 milliards. Les capitaux propres des actionnaires ont augmenté à 747,4 millions avec les pertes accumulées sur les autres éléments du résultat global qui se situaient à (140,7) millions. L'entreprise a ajouté 56,2 millions de dollars d'avances FHLB. Un dividende en espèces de 0,50 dollar par action a été versé au cours du trimestre. Le nombre d'actions en circulation était de 25 528 732 au 30 septembre 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation berichtete bessere Q3-Ergebnisse. Nettoeinkommen betrug 26,4 Millionen US-Dollar (verwässerter EPS 1,03$) gegenüber 23,3 Millionen (0,91$) vor einem Jahr, da niedrigere Finanzierungskosten und stabile Ertragsvermögenswerte die Rentabilität unterstützen.

Der Zinsnetto beläuft sich auf 56,1 Millionen US-Dollar von 49,3 Millionen, während Zinsaufwendungen auf 38,8 Millionen von 45,7 Millionen sanken. Die Rückstellung für Kreditausfälle betrug 2,0 Millionen gegenüber 3,1 Millionen im Vorjahr. Nichtzins-Erträge betrugen 13,0 Millionen und Nichtzins-Aufwendungen 35,0 Millionen, was höhere Vergütungs- und Verarbeitungskosten widerspiegelt.

Das Bilanzwachstum setzte sich fort: Gesamtvermögen erreichte 6,90 Milliarden US-Dollar (von 6,68 Milliarden zum Jahresende), Darlehen 5,18 Milliarden, Einlagen 6,02 Milliarden. Das Eigenkapital der Aktionäre stieg auf 747,4 Millionen, mit einer kumulierten Verlustposition aus sonstigen umfassenden Erträgen von (140,7) Millionen. Das Unternehmen fügte 56,2 Millionen US-Dollar an FHLB-Vorausaufrufen hinzu. Eine Bardividende von 0,50 USD pro Aktie wurde im Quartal gezahlt. Die ausstehenden Aktien betrugen 25.528.732 zum 30. September 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation ذكرت أن نتائج الربع الثالث كانت أقوى. بلغ صافي الدخل 26.4 مليون دولار (ربح السهم المخفف 1.03 دولار) مقابل 23.3 مليون دولار (0.91 دولار) قبل عام، مع دعم انخفاض تكاليف التمويل وأصول مدرة للدخل ثابتة الربحية.

ارتفع صافي الدوائد الفوائد ليصل إلى 56.1 مليون دولار من 49.3 مليون دولار، بينما انخفضت نفقات الفوائد إلى 38.8 مليون دولار من 45.7 مليون دولار. كانت مخصصات خسائر الائتمان 2.0 مليون دولار مقابل 3.1 مليون دولار في العام الماضي. بلغ الدخل غير من الفوائد 13.0 مليون دولار، وكانت المصروفات غير المرتبطة بالفوائد 35.0 مليون دولار، مما يعكس ارتفاع التعويضات وتكاليف المعالجة.

استمر نمو الميزانية: بلغت الأصول الإجمالية 6.90 مليار دولار (من 6.68 مليار دولار في نهاية العام)، القروض 5.18 مليار دولار، والودائع 6.02 مليار دولار. ارتفع حقوق المساهمين إلى 747.4 مليون دولار مع تحسن الخسارة المتراكمة للأصول الشاملة الأخرى إلى (140.7) مليون دولار. أضافت الشركة 56.2 مليون دولار في تسهيلات FHLB. تم دفع توزيعات نقدية قدرها 0.50 دولار للسهم خلال الربع. عدد الأسهم القائمة كان 25,528,732 حتى 30 سبتمبر 2025.

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Insights

Q3 profit improved on lower funding costs and stable growth.

LKFN delivered higher earnings with net income at $26.4M and diluted EPS of $1.03. Net interest income increased to $56.1M as deposit costs eased, evident in interest expense falling to $38.8M from the prior year. The credit provision was $2.0M, indicating stable credit costs in the quarter.

Balance sheet metrics show modest expansion: loans at $5.18B, deposits at $6.02B, and assets at $6.90B. Equity rose to $747.4M alongside an improvement in accumulated other comprehensive loss to $(140.7)M, tracking rate-driven securities marks.

Liquidity and funding flexibility included new FHLB advances of $56.2M. A dividend of $0.50 per share was paid. Overall tone is operationally steady; actual impact will hinge on deposit mix, loan yields, and credit trends in subsequent periods.

Lakeland Financial Corporation ha riportato risultati migliori nel terzo trimestre. L'utile netto è stato di 26,4 milioni di dollari (EPS diluito di 1,03$) rispetto a 23,3 milioni di dollari (0,91$) un anno fa, poiché costi di finanziamento più bassi e attività che generano reddito stabili hanno sostenuto la redditività.

Il margine di interesse netto è aumentato a 56,1 milioni di dollari da 49,3 milioni, mentre la spesa per interessi è diminuita a 38,8 milioni da 45,7 milioni. La rettifica per perdite su crediti è stata di 2,0 milioni rispetto a 3,1 milioni lo scorso anno. Le entrate non legate agli interessi sono state di 13,0 milioni e le spese non legate agli interessi sono state di 35,0 milioni, riflettendo costi di remunerazione e di elaborazione più elevati.

La crescita dello stato patrimoniale è proseguita: gli attivi totali hanno raggiunto 6,90 miliardi di dollari (da 6,68 miliardi di dollari a fine anno), i prestiti sono stati 5,18 miliardi, e i depositi sono stati 6,02 miliardi. Il patrimonio netto degli azionisti è aumentato a 747,4 milioni con la perdita cumulata su altri elementi comprensivi che si è attestata a (140,7) milioni. L'azienda ha aggiunto 56,2 milioni di dollari in anticipi FHLB. Un dividendo in contanti di 0,50 dollari per azione è stato pagato nel trimestre. Le azioni in circolazione erano 25.528.732 al 30 settembre 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation reportó resultados más fuertes en el tercer trimestre. El ingreso neto fue de 26,4 millones de dólares (EPS diluido de 1,03$) frente a 23,3 millones (0,91$) hace un año, ya que costos de financiamiento más bajos y activos generadores de ingresos estables respaldaron la rentabilidad.

El ingreso neto por intereses subió a 56,1 millones de dólares desde 49,3 millones, mientras que el gasto por intereses descendió a 38,8 millones desde 45,7 millones. La provisión para pérdidas crediticias fue de 2,0 millones frente a 3,1 millones el año pasado. Los ingresos no por intereses fueron de 13,0 millones y los gastos no por intereses fueron de 35,0 millones, reflejando mayores costos de compensación y procesamiento.

El crecimiento del balance continuó: los activos totales alcanzaron 6,90 mil millones de dólares (desde 6,68 mil millones al cierre del año), los préstamos fueron de 5,18 mil millones y los depósitos de 6,02 mil millones. El patrimonio de los accionistas aumentó a 747,4 millones con la pérdida acumulada de otros elementos del resultado integral que se situó en (140,7) millones. La empresa añadió 56,2 millones de dólares en avances de FHLB. Un dividendo en efectivo de 0,50 dólares por acción fue pagado durante el trimestre. Las acciones en circulación eran 25,528,732 al 30 de septiembre de 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation은 3분기 실적이 더 좋아졌다고 보고했다. 순이익은 2,640만 달러 (희석 주당순이익 1.03달러)으로 전년의 2,330만 달러 (0.91달러) 대비 증가했으며, 낮은 자금조달 비용과 안정적인 수익자산이 수익성을 뒷받침했다.

순이자수익은 5,610만 달러로 증가했고 4,930만 달러에서 올랐으며, 이자 비용은 3,880만 달러로 감소해 4,570만 달러에서 하락했다. 신용손실충당금은 200만 달러로, 작년의 310만 달러 대비했다. 비이자수익은 1,300만 달러였고 비이자비용은 3,500만 달러로, 보상 및 처리 비용 증가를 반영한다.

대차대조표 성장세는 계속됐다: 총자산은 69억 달러에 도달했고(년말 66.8억 달러), 대출은 51.8억 달러, 예금은 60.2억 달러였다. 주주자본은 7.474억 달러로 증가하고, 기타포괄손실 누계는 (140.7)백만 달러로 개선됐다. 회사는 5,620만 달러를 FHLB 대출로 추가했다. 분기 내 현금배당 주당 0.50달러가 지급됐다. 2025년 9월 30일 기준 발행주식 수는 25,528,732주였다.

Lakeland Financial Corporation a publié des résultats du troisième trimestre plus solides. Le bénéfice net s'est élevé à 26,4 millions de dollars (EPS dilué de 1,03$) contre 23,3 millions (0,91$) il y a un an, grâce à des coûts de financement plus faibles et des actifs générant des revenus stables.

Le produit net des intérêts est passé à 56,1 millions de dollars contre 49,3 millions, tandis que les intérêts débiteurs ont diminué à 38,8 millions contre 45,7 millions. La provision pour pertes sur créances était de 2,0 millions contre 3,1 millions l'année dernière. Les revenus non liés aux intérêts étaient de 13,0 millions et les charges non liées aux intérêts de 35,0 millions, reflétant des coûts de rémunération et de traitement plus élevés.

La croissance du bilan s'est poursuivie: les actifs totaux ont atteint 6,90 milliards de dollars (contre 6,68 milliards à la fin de l'année), les prêts 5,18 milliards, les dépôts 6,02 milliards. Les capitaux propres des actionnaires ont augmenté à 747,4 millions avec les pertes accumulées sur les autres éléments du résultat global qui se situaient à (140,7) millions. L'entreprise a ajouté 56,2 millions de dollars d'avances FHLB. Un dividende en espèces de 0,50 dollar par action a été versé au cours du trimestre. Le nombre d'actions en circulation était de 25 528 732 au 30 septembre 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation berichtete bessere Q3-Ergebnisse. Nettoeinkommen betrug 26,4 Millionen US-Dollar (verwässerter EPS 1,03$) gegenüber 23,3 Millionen (0,91$) vor einem Jahr, da niedrigere Finanzierungskosten und stabile Ertragsvermögenswerte die Rentabilität unterstützen.

Der Zinsnetto beläuft sich auf 56,1 Millionen US-Dollar von 49,3 Millionen, während Zinsaufwendungen auf 38,8 Millionen von 45,7 Millionen sanken. Die Rückstellung für Kreditausfälle betrug 2,0 Millionen gegenüber 3,1 Millionen im Vorjahr. Nichtzins-Erträge betrugen 13,0 Millionen und Nichtzins-Aufwendungen 35,0 Millionen, was höhere Vergütungs- und Verarbeitungskosten widerspiegelt.

Das Bilanzwachstum setzte sich fort: Gesamtvermögen erreichte 6,90 Milliarden US-Dollar (von 6,68 Milliarden zum Jahresende), Darlehen 5,18 Milliarden, Einlagen 6,02 Milliarden. Das Eigenkapital der Aktionäre stieg auf 747,4 Millionen, mit einer kumulierten Verlustposition aus sonstigen umfassenden Erträgen von (140,7) Millionen. Das Unternehmen fügte 56,2 Millionen US-Dollar an FHLB-Vorausaufrufen hinzu. Eine Bardividende von 0,50 USD pro Aktie wurde im Quartal gezahlt. Die ausstehenden Aktien betrugen 25.528.732 zum 30. September 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation ذكرت أن نتائج الربع الثالث كانت أقوى. بلغ صافي الدخل 26.4 مليون دولار (ربح السهم المخفف 1.03 دولار) مقابل 23.3 مليون دولار (0.91 دولار) قبل عام، مع دعم انخفاض تكاليف التمويل وأصول مدرة للدخل ثابتة الربحية.

ارتفع صافي الدوائد الفوائد ليصل إلى 56.1 مليون دولار من 49.3 مليون دولار، بينما انخفضت نفقات الفوائد إلى 38.8 مليون دولار من 45.7 مليون دولار. كانت مخصصات خسائر الائتمان 2.0 مليون دولار مقابل 3.1 مليون دولار في العام الماضي. بلغ الدخل غير من الفوائد 13.0 مليون دولار، وكانت المصروفات غير المرتبطة بالفوائد 35.0 مليون دولار، مما يعكس ارتفاع التعويضات وتكاليف المعالجة.

استمر نمو الميزانية: بلغت الأصول الإجمالية 6.90 مليار دولار (من 6.68 مليار دولار في نهاية العام)، القروض 5.18 مليار دولار، والودائع 6.02 مليار دولار. ارتفع حقوق المساهمين إلى 747.4 مليون دولار مع تحسن الخسارة المتراكمة للأصول الشاملة الأخرى إلى (140.7) مليون دولار. أضافت الشركة 56.2 مليون دولار في تسهيلات FHLB. تم دفع توزيعات نقدية قدرها 0.50 دولار للسهم خلال الربع. عدد الأسهم القائمة كان 25,528,732 حتى 30 سبتمبر 2025.

Lakeland Financial Corporation 报告第三季度业绩更强。净利润为2,640万美元(摊薄每股收益1.03美元),较一年前的2,330万美元0.91美元/股)有所增加,原因是较低的资金成本和稳定的盈利资产支持了盈利能力。

净利息收入增至5,610万美元,高于4,930万美元;而利息支出下降至3,880万美元,低于4,570万美元。信贷损失准备金为200万美元,去年为310万美元。非利息收入为1,300万美元,非利息支出为3,500万美元,反映出更高的薪酬和处理成本。

资产负债表继续增长:总资产达到69亿美元(较年末的66.8亿美元),贷款为51.8亿美元,存款为60.2亿美元。股东权益增至7.474亿美元,其他综合损失累计降至(140.7)百万美元。公司在FHLB新增了5,620万美元的进展。季度内支付了每股0.50美元的现金股息。截止至2025年9月30日,流通在外的股份为25,528,732股。

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Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____________ to _____________
Commission File Number: 0-11487
LAKELAND FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Indiana35-1559596
(State or Other Jurisdiction(IRS Employer
of Incorporation or Organization)Identification No.)
202 East Center Street,
Warsaw,Indiana46580
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
(574) 267‑6144
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class    Trading Symbol(s)    Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, No par valueLKFNThe NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
(Nasdaq Global Select Market)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes    No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes    No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of ‘‘large accelerated filer,’’ ‘‘accelerated filer,’’ ‘‘smaller reporting company,’’ and ‘‘emerging growth company’’ in Rule 12b–2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer    Accelerated filer    Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company     Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No
Number of shares of common stock outstanding at October 23, 2025:  25,528,732


Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.
Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024
1
Consolidated Statements of Income — three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
2
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income — three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
3
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity — three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024
6
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
7
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
39
Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
57
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
58
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
58
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
58
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
58
Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities
59
Item 4.
Mine Safety Disclosures
59
Item 5.
Other Information
59
Item 6.
Exhibits
59
SIGNATURES
60


Table of Contents

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (dollars in thousands, except share data)

September 30,
2025
December 31,
2024
(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash and due from banks$67,496 $71,733 
Short-term investments125,340 96,472 
Total cash and cash equivalents192,836 168,205 
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value1,031,938 991,426 
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $113,804 and $113,107, respectively)
132,799 131,568 
Real estate mortgage loans held-for-sale725 1,700 
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses of $68,168 and $85,960
5,180,451 5,031,988 
Land, premises and equipment, net64,928 60,489 
Bank owned life insurance128,618 113,320 
Federal Reserve and Federal Home Loan Bank stock21,420 21,420 
Accrued interest receivable28,667 28,446 
Goodwill4,970 4,970 
Other assets107,676 124,842 
Total assets$6,895,028 $6,678,374 
LIABILITIES
Noninterest bearing deposits$1,268,241 $1,297,456 
Interest bearing deposits4,756,077 4,603,510 
Total deposits6,024,318 5,900,966 
Borrowings - Federal Home Loan Bank advances:
Short-term advance55,000 0 
Long-term advance1,200 0 
Total borrowings56,200 0 
Accrued interest payable8,628 15,117 
Other liabilities58,379 78,380 
Total liabilities6,147,525 5,994,463 
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock: 90,000,000 shares authorized, no par value
26,023,644 shares issued and 25,528,732 outstanding as of September 30, 2025
25,978,831 shares issued and 25,509,592 outstanding as of December 31, 2024
134,434 129,664 
Retained earnings771,291 736,412 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(140,703)(166,500)
Treasury stock at cost (494,912 shares as of September 30, 2025, 469,239 shares as of December 31, 2024)
(17,608)(15,754)
Total stockholders’ equity747,414 683,822 
Noncontrolling interest89 89 
Total equity747,503 683,911 
Total liabilities and equity$6,895,028 $6,678,374 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
1

Table of Contents
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (unaudited - dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2025202420252024
NET INTEREST INCOME
Interest and fees on loans
Taxable$85,490 $86,118 $251,648 $252,386 
Tax exempt287 298 870 1,830 
Interest and dividends on securities
Taxable3,489 2,908 10,335 9,051 
Tax exempt3,915 3,921 11,742 11,800 
Other interest income1,706 1,773 5,132 4,721 
Total interest income94,887 95,018 279,727 279,788 
Interest on deposits38,446 45,556 114,015 131,083 
Interest on short-term borrowings368 189 1,888 3,720 
Total interest expense38,814 45,745 115,903 134,803 
NET INTEREST INCOME56,073 49,273 163,824 144,985 
Provision for credit losses
2,000 3,059 11,800 13,059 
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES54,073 46,214 152,024 131,926 
NONINTEREST INCOME
Wealth advisory fees2,855 2,718 8,389 7,770 
Investment brokerage fees557 438 1,559 1,438 
Service charges on deposit accounts2,921 2,835 8,522 8,332 
Loan and service fees3,419 2,955 9,309 8,855 
Merchant and interchange fee income
892 898 2,568 2,653 
Bank owned life insurance income1,567 1,068 2,929 2,994 
Interest rate swap fee income0 0 20 0 
Mortgage banking income (loss)(6)(7)67 68 
Net securities gains (losses)
0 0 0 (46)
Net gain (loss) on Visa shares
0 (15)0 8,996 
Other income749 1,027 2,005 3,908 
Total noninterest income12,954 11,917 35,368 44,968 
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Salaries and employee benefits20,414 16,476 55,412 49,467 
Net occupancy expense1,877 1,721 5,604 5,159 
Equipment costs1,475 1,452 4,294 4,207 
Data processing fees and supplies4,116 3,768 12,533 11,419 
Corporate and business development1,563 1,369 4,129 4,015 
FDIC insurance and other regulatory fees878 966 2,517 2,571 
Professional fees1,726 2,089 5,812 6,675 
Other expense2,916 2,552 7,859 10,918 
Total noninterest expense34,965 30,393 98,160 94,431 
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX EXPENSE32,062 27,738 89,232 82,463 
Income tax expense5,658 4,400 15,777 13,175 
NET INCOME$26,404 $23,338 $73,455 $69,288 
BASIC WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES25,703,699 25,684,407 25,708,543 25,673,275 
BASIC EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE$1.03 $0.91 $2.86 $2.70 
DILUTED WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES25,821,360 25,767,739 25,804,322 25,754,357 
DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE$1.03 $0.91 $2.85 $2.69 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
2

Table of Contents
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited - dollars in thousands)
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Net income$26,404 $23,338 $73,455 $69,288 
Other comprehensive income
Change in available-for-sale and transferred securities:
Unrealized holding gain on securities available-for-sale arising during the period25,345 40,411 31,149 20,031 
Reclassification adjustment for amortization of unrealized losses on securities transferred to held-to-maturity489 488 1,468 1,473 
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income0 0 0 46 
Net securities gain (loss) activity during the period25,834 40,899 32,617 21,550 
Tax effect(5,426)(8,589)(6,850)(4,526)
Net of tax amount20,408 32,310 25,767 17,024 
Defined benefit pension plans:
Amortization of net actuarial loss14 16 40 47 
Net gain activity during the period14 16 40 47 
Tax effect(4)(4)(10)(12)
Net of tax amount10 12 30 35 
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax20,418 32,322 25,797 17,059 
Comprehensive income$46,822 $55,660 $99,252 $86,347 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (unaudited - dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Three Months Ended
Common StockRetained
Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Treasury
Stock
Total Stockholders’
Equity
Noncontrolling
Interest
Total
Equity
SharesStock
Balance at July 1, 2024
25,503,744 $126,871 $713,541 $(170,458)$(15,453)$654,501 $89 $654,590 
Comprehensive income:
Net income23,338 23,338 23,338 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax32,322 32,322 32,322 
Cash dividends declared and paid, $0.48 per share
(12,329)(12,329)(12,329)
Treasury shares purchased under deferred directors' plan(3,510)215 (215)0 0 
Stock activity under equity compensation plans5,850 0 0 0 
Stock based compensation expense1,260 1,260 1,260 
Balance at September 30, 2024
25,506,084 $128,346 $724,550 $(138,136)$(15,668)$699,092 $89 $699,181 
Balance at July 1, 2025
25,525,105 $130,664 $757,739 $(161,121)$(17,384)$709,898 $89 $709,987 
Comprehensive income:
Net income26,404 26,404 26,404 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax20,418 20,418 20,418 
Cash dividends declared and paid, $0.50 per share
(12,852)(12,852)(12,852)
Treasury shares purchased under deferred directors' plan(3,523)224 (224)0 0 
Stock activity under equity compensation plans7,150 0 0 0 
Stock based compensation expense3,546 3,546 3,546 
Balance at September 30, 2025
25,528,732 $134,434 $771,291 $(140,703)$(17,608)$747,414 $89 $747,503 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.












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Nine Months Ended
Common StockRetained
Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Treasury
Stock
Total Stockholders’
Equity
Noncontrolling
Interest
Total
Equity
SharesStock
Balance at January 1, 2024
25,430,566 $127,692 $692,760 $(155,195)$(15,553)$649,704 $89 $649,793 
Impact of ASU 2023-02 adoption, net of tax(532)(532)(532)
Adjusted balance January 1, 2024
25,430,566 127,692 692,228 (155,195)(15,553)649,172 89 649,261 
Comprehensive income:
Net income69,288 69,288 69,288 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax17,059 17,059 17,059 
Cash dividends declared and paid, $1.44 per share
(36,966)(36,966)(36,966)
Treasury shares purchased under deferred directors' plan(8,088)506 (506)0 0 
Treasury shares sold and distributed under deferred directors' plan13,275 (391)391 0 0 
Stock activity under equity compensation plans70,331 (2,596)(2,596)(2,596)
Stock based compensation expense3,135 3,135 3,135 
Balance at September 30, 2024
25,506,084 $128,346 $724,550 $(138,136)$(15,668)$699,092 $89 $699,181 
Balance at January 1, 2025
25,509,592 $129,664 $736,412 $(166,500)$(15,754)$683,822 $89 $683,911 
Comprehensive income:
Net income73,455 73,455 73,455 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax25,797 25,797 25,797 
Cash dividends declared and paid, $1.50 per share
(38,576)(38,576)(38,576)
Treasury shares purchased under share repurchase plan(30,300)(1,705)(1,705)(1,705)
Treasury shares purchased under deferred directors' plan(8,117)524 (524)0 0 
Treasury shares sold and distributed under deferred directors' plan12,744 (375)375 0 0 
Stock activity under equity compensation plans44,813 (1,493)(1,493)(1,493)
Stock based compensation expense6,114 0 6,114 6,114 
Balance at September 30, 2025
25,528,732 $134,434 $771,291 $(140,703)$(17,608)$747,414 $89 $747,503 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited - in thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30,20252024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$73,455 $69,288 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation4,449 4,475 
Provision for credit losses11,800 13,059 
Amortization of loan servicing rights337 373 
Loans originated for sale, including participations(14,891)(14,399)
Net gain on sales of loans(425)(342)
Proceeds from sale of loans, including participations16,165 12,657 
Net gain on Visa shares0 (8,996)
Net (gain) loss on sales of premises and equipment29 74 
Net (gain) loss on sales and calls of securities available-for-sale0 46 
Net securities amortization3,043 3,638 
Stock based compensation expense6,114 3,135 
Earnings on life insurance(2,929)(2,994)
Gain on life insurance(219)(243)
Tax expense (benefit) of stock award issuances136 (208)
Net change:
Interest receivable and other assets1,497 4,749 
Interest payable and other liabilities(17,397)(20,515)
Total adjustments7,709 (5,491)
Net cash from operating activities81,164 63,797 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sale of securities available-for-sale0 7,136 
Proceeds from sale of Visa shares0 8,996 
Proceeds from maturities, calls and principal paydowns of securities available-for-sale48,135 44,569 
Purchases of securities available-for-sale(60,304)0 
Purchase of life insurance(12,813)(282)
Net (increase) decrease in total loans(160,263)(166,860)
Proceeds from sales of land, premises and equipment1 8 
Purchases of land, premises and equipment(8,918)(6,645)
Proceeds from life insurance0 536 
Net cash from investing activities(194,162)(112,542)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase (decrease) in total deposits123,352 116,788 
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings0 30,000 
Proceeds from short-term FHLB borrowings55,000 0 
Proceeds from long-term FHLB borrowings1,200 0 
Net payments on short-term FHLB borrowings0 (50,000)
Common dividends paid(38,563)(36,953)
Preferred dividends paid(13)(13)
Payments related to equity incentive plans(1,493)(2,596)
Purchase of treasury stock(2,229)(506)
Sale of treasury stock375 391 
Net cash from financing activities137,629 57,111 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents24,631 8,366 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period168,205 151,824 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period$192,836 $160,190 
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest$122,392 $140,912 
Income taxes13,986 17,100 
Supplemental non-cash disclosures:
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities926 2,699 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
This report is filed for Lakeland Financial Corporation (the "Company"), which has one wholly owned subsidiary, Lake City Bank (the "Bank"). Also included in this report are results for the Bank’s wholly owned subsidiary, LCB Investments II, Inc. ("LCB Investments"), which manages the Bank’s investment securities portfolio. LCB Investments owns LCB Funding, Inc. ("LCB Funding"), a real estate investment trust. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions for Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements and are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (all of which are normal and recurring in nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any subsequent reporting periods, including the year ending December 31, 2025. The Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K should be read in conjunction with these statements.
Operating Segments
All of the Company's financial results are similar and considered by management to be aggregated into one reportable segment. While the Company has assigned certain management responsibilities by region and business-line, the Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") evaluates financial performance on a Company-wide basis. The majority of the Company's revenue is from the business of banking and the Company's assigned regions have similar economic characteristics, products, services and customers.
Financial performance is reported to the CODM monthly, and the primary measure of performance is consolidated net income. The allocation of resources throughout the Company is determined annually based upon consolidated net income performance. The presentation of financial performance to the CODM is consistent with amounts and financial statement line items shown in the Company's consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of income. Additionally, the Company's significant expenses are adequately segmented by category and amount in the consolidated statements of income to include all significant items when considering both qualitative and quantitative factors. Significant expenses of the Company include salaries and employee benefits, net occupancy expense, equipment costs, data processing fees and supplies and professional fees.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
On December 13, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-08, "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60): Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets", to provide improved accounting and disclosure guidance for crypto assets. Stakeholders stated that current accounting guidance, except as provided in GAAP for certain specialized industries, surrounding crypto asset holdings as indefinite-lived intangible assets fails to provide financial statement users with decision-useful information. To remedy these shortcomings, the amendments in this update require an entity present (1) crypto assets measured at fair value separately from other intangible assets reported in the balance sheet and (2) changes from the remeasurement of crypto assets separately from changes in the carrying amounts of other intangible assets in the income statement. While the amendments in the update do not otherwise change the presentation requirements for the statement of cash flows, they do require specific presentation of cash receipts arising from crypto assets that are received as noncash consideration in the ordinary course of business and are converted nearly immediately into cash.
The amendments in the update also provide for several enhancements related to disclosure of an entity's crypto asset holdings. For annual and interim reporting periods, the amendments in the update require an entity disclose the following information: (1) the name, cost basis, fair value, and number of units for each significant crypto asset holding and aggregate fair values and costs bases of the crypto asset holdings that are not individually significant; and (2) for crypto assets that are subject to contractual sale restrictions, the fair value of those crypto assets, the nature and remaining duration of the restriction(s), and the circumstances that could cause the restriction(s) to lapse. For annual reporting periods, the amendments in the update require an entity disclose the following information: (1) a rollforward, in the aggregate, of activity in the reporting period for crypto asset holdings, including additions (with a description of the activities that resulted in the additions), dispositions, gains, and losses; (2) for any dispositions for crypto assets in the reporting period, the difference between the disposal price and the cost basis and a description of the activities that resulted in the dispositions; (3) if gains and losses are not presented separately, the income statement line item in which those gains and losses are recognized; and (4) the method for determining the cost basis of crypto assets.
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The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for both interim and annual financial statements that have not yet been issued (or made available for issuance). If an entity adopts the amendments in an interim period, it must adopt them as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The amendments in this update require a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings (or other appropriate components of equity or net assets) as of the beginning of the annual reporting period in which an entity adopts the amendments. This standard did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements based upon the nature of the Company's current operations.
On March 18, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-02, "Liabilities (Topic 405): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 122", which provided amendments to SEC paragraphs pursuant to Staff Accounting Bulletin 122. This amendment removed text related to "Accounting for Obligations to Safeguard Crypto-Assets an Entity Holds for Its Platform Users" from ASU 405-10-S99-1, as Staff Accounting Bulletin 122 rescinded the topic.
Newly Issued But Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards
On October 9, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, "Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC's Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative", which modified the disclosure or presentation requirements of a variety of Topics in the Codification and was intended to both clarify or improve such requirements and align the requirements with the SEC's regulations. The amendments to Topics of Codification provided in this update apply to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected Topics unless otherwise indicated by the update. Given the variety of Topics amended, a broad range of entities may be affected by one or more of the amendments provided in the update. The Company evaluated the amendments provided in the update and believes certain of the disclosure improvements are applicable to the Company's interim or annual disclosures. Subtopic 230-10, as amended, requires disclosure within the accounting policy in annual periods of where cash flows associated with derivative instruments and their related gains and losses are presented within the statement of cash flows. Subtopic 260-10, as amended, requires disclosure of the methods used in the diluted earnings-per-share computation for each dilutive security and clarifies that certain disclosures should be made during interim periods. Subtopic 470-10, as amended, requires disclosure of amounts and terms of unused lines of credit and unfunded commitments and the weighted-average interest rate on short-term borrowings outstanding as of the date of each balance sheet presented.
The effective date for each amendment for entities subject to the SEC's existing disclosure requirements is the effective date of the removal of the related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, with early adoption prohibited. The amendments in the update are to be applied prospectively. The Company will apply prospectively the provisions provided in the amendments as such provisions become effective, and does not believe the application of these modified disclosure requirements will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. If by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the pending content of the related amendment in the update will be removed from the Codification and will not become effective.
On December 14, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures", to address investor requests for greater transparency in regards to income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The amendments are designed to enhance transparency surrounding income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation; and (2) income taxes paid disaggregation by taxing jurisdiction, which will allow investors to better assess, in their capital allocation decisions, how an entity's operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operational opportunities affect its income tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. Other amendments in this update are designed to improve the effectiveness and comparability of disclosures by (1) adding disclosures of pretax income (loss) and income tax expense (benefit) to be consistent with the SEC's Regulation S-X 210.4-08(h), Rules of General Application-General Notes to Financial Statements: Income Tax Expense; and (2) removing disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial or relevant.
The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 31, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The amendments in this update should be applied on a prospective basis, however retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its disclosures, however does not expect the adoption of this update to have a material impact on the year-end consolidated financial statements and related footnotes.
On November 8, 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, "Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income— Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses", to improve the disclosures surrounding a public business entity's expenses and address requests from investors for more detailed information
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about the types of expenses (including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, amortization, and depletion) in commonly presented expense captions (such as cost of sales, SG&A, and research and development).
The amendments in this update require disclosure, in the notes to the financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses. The amendments require that at each interim and annual reporting period an entity (1) Disclose the amounts of (a) purchases of inventory, (b) employee compensation, (c) depreciation, (d) intangible asset amortization and (e) depreciation, depletion and amortization recognized as part of oil- and gas-producing activities (DD&A) (or other amounts of depletion expense) included in each relevant expense caption. A relevant expense caption is an is an expense caption presented on the face of the income statement within continuing operations that contains any of the following expense categories listed in (a)-(e); (2) Include certain amounts that are already required to be disclosed under current GAAP in the same disclosure as other disaggregation requirements; (3) Disclose a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively; and (4) Disclose the total amount of selling expenses, and in annual reporting periods, an entity's definition of selling expenses. An entity is not precluded from providing additional voluntarily disclosures that may provide investors with additional decision-useful information.
On January 6, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, "Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date", to clarify the effective date of the ASU 2024-03. The update amends the effective date of Update 2024-03 to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its disclosures, however does not expect the adoption of this update to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
On September 18, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, "Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal Use-Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software", to modernize the accounting for software costs to better align the guidance with current software development practices. Specifically, many entities have shifted from using a prescriptive and sequential ("linear") development method to using an incremental and iterative ("agile") development method, the latter of which is not contemplated in the current guidance and presents a challenge to stakeholders in determining when to begin capitalizing internal-use software costs.
The amendments in this update remove all references to linear project stages, and instead require an entity to start capitalizing software costs when both of the following occur: (1) Management has authorized and committed to funding the software project and (2) It is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended (referred to as the "probable-to-complete recognition threshold"). In evaluating the probable-to-complete recognition threshold, an entity is required to consider whether there is significant uncertainty associated with the development activities of the software (referred to as "significant development uncertainty".) The two factors to consider in determining whether the re is significant development uncertainty are whether: (1) The software being developed has technological innovations or novel, unique, or unproven functions or features, and the uncertainty related to those technological innovations, functions, or features, if identified, has not been resolved through coding and testing and (2) The entity has determined what it needs the software to do, including whether the entity has identified or continues to substantially revise the software's significant performance requirements. The amendments in the update specify that internal-use software costs must be disclosed according to applicable property, plant and equipment guidance, regardless of how such costs are presented in the financial statements. Furthermore, the amendments in the update supersede website development costs guidance and incorporate the recognition requirements for website-specific development costs into Subtopic 350-40.
The amendments in this update are effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period. The amendments in the update may be applied using a prospective transition approach, a modified transition approach that is based on the status of the project and whether software costs were capitalized before the date of adoption or a retrospective transition approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its disclosures, however does not expect the adoption of this update to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
    

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NOTE 2. SECURITIES
Debt securities purchased with the intent and ability to hold to their maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities. All other investment securities are classified as available-for-sale securities.

Available-for-Sale Securities

Information related to the amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses of securities available-for-sale and the related gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is provided in the table below.
(dollars in thousands)Amortized
Cost
Gross Unrealized GainGross Unrealized LossesAllowance for Credit LossesFair Value
September 30, 2025
U.S. Treasury securities$5,011 $0 $(10)$0 $5,001 
U.S. government sponsored agencies139,611 83 (22,627)0 117,067 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential504,570 829 (57,191)0 448,208 
State and municipal securities542,672 130 (81,140)0 461,662 
Total$1,191,864 $1,042 $(160,968)$0 $1,031,938 
December 31, 2024
U.S. government sponsored agencies$137,150 $0 $(27,715)$0 $109,435 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential500,278 83 (77,952)0 422,409 
State and municipal securities545,073 17 (85,508)0 459,582 
Total$1,182,501 $100 $(191,175)$0 $991,426 
Held-to-Maturity Securities
Information related to the amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses of securities held-to-maturity and the related gross unrealized gains and losses is presented in the table below.
(dollars in thousands)Amortized
Cost
Gross Unrealized GainGross Unrealized LossesAllowance for Credit LossesFair Value
September 30, 2025
State and municipal securities$132,799 $0 $(18,995)$0 $113,804 
December 31, 2024
State and municipal securities$131,568 $0 $(18,461)$0 $113,107 
The Company has the current intent and ability to hold held-to-maturity securities until maturity. All of the Company's securities designated as held-to-maturity were transferred from the available-for-sale classification. The net unrealized gain or loss on the transferred securities was recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at the time of the transfer and is amortized over the remaining life of the underlying securities as an adjustment to the yield on those securities. The net amount of the unamortized unrealized loss on the transferred securities included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) was $17.5 million ($13.8 million, net of tax) at September 30, 2025.
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Information regarding the amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities by maturity as of September 30, 2025 is presented below. Maturity information is based on contractual maturity for all securities other than mortgage-backed securities. Actual maturities of securities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to prepay the obligation without a prepayment penalty.
Available-for-SaleHeld-to-Maturity
(dollars in thousands)Amortized CostFair
Value
Amortized CostFair
Value
Due in one year or less$0 $0 $0 $0 
Due after one year through five years17,577 17,193 0 0 
Due after five years through ten years93,212 86,472 7,315 6,657 
Due after ten years576,505 480,065 125,484 107,147 
687,294 583,730 132,799 113,804 
Mortgage-backed securities504,570 448,208 0 0 
Total debt securities$1,191,864 $1,031,938 $132,799 $113,804 
Available-for-sale securities proceeds, gross gains and gross losses are presented below.
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands)2025202420252024
Sales of securities available-for-sale
Proceeds$0 $0 $0 $7,136 
Gross gains0 0 0 0 
Gross losses0 0 0 (46)
Number of securities0 0 0 15 
In accordance with ASU No. 2017-8, purchase premiums for callable securities are amortized to the earliest call date and premiums on non-callable securities as well as discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method over the terms of the securities or over the estimated lives of mortgage-backed securities. Gains and losses on sales are based on the amortized cost of the security sold and recorded on the trade date.
Securities with fair values of $547.7 million and $560.2 million were pledged as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, as collateral for borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") and Federal Reserve Bank and for other purposes as permitted or required by law.
Unrealized Loss Analysis on Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Securities
Information regarding available-for-sale securities with unrealized losses as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is presented on the following page. The table divides the securities between those with unrealized losses for less than twelve months and those with unrealized losses for twelve months or more.
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Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
(dollars in thousands)Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
September 30, 2025            
U.S. Treasury securities$5,001 $10 $0 $0 $5,001 $10 
U.S. government sponsored agencies4,988 12 106,997 22,615 111,985 22,627 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential12,173 63 374,823 57,128 386,996 57,191 
State and municipal securities15,580 150 430,161 80,990 445,741 81,140 
Total available-for-sale$37,742 $235 $911,981 $160,733 $949,723 $160,968 
December 31, 2024
U.S. government sponsored agencies$0 $0 $109,435 $27,715 $109,435 $27,715 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential23,204 249 390,483 77,703 413,687 77,952 
State and municipal securities12,928 439 443,569 85,069 456,497 85,508 
Total available-for-sale$36,132 $688 $943,487 $190,487 $979,619 $191,175 
Information regarding held-to-maturity securities with unrealized losses as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is presented below. The table divides the securities between those with unrealized losses for less than twelve months and those with unrealized losses for twelve months or more.
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
(dollars in thousands)Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
September 30, 2025
State and municipal securities$0 $0 $113,804 $18,995 $113,804 $18,995 
December 31, 2024
State and municipal securities$0 $0 $113,107 $18,461 $113,107 $18,461 
The total number of securities with unrealized losses as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is presented below.
Available-for-SaleHeld-to-Maturity
Less than
12 months
12 months
or more
TotalLess than
12 months
12 months
or more
Total
September 30, 2025    
U.S. Treasury securities1 0 1 0 0 0 
U.S. government sponsored agencies1 17 18 0 0 0 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential3 121 124 0 0 0 
State and municipal securities18 380 398 0 41 41 
Total temporarily impaired23 518 541 0 41 41 
December 31, 2024
U.S. government sponsored agencies0 17 17 0 0 0 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential9 124 133 0 0 0 
State and municipal securities23 392 415 0 41 41 
Total temporarily impaired32 533 565 0 41 41 
Available-for-sale debt securities in unrealized loss positions are evaluated for impairment related to credit losses at least quarterly. For available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, management first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell, the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through the consolidated income statement. For available-for-sale debt securities that do not
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meet the above criteria and for held-to-maturity securities, management evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security and the issuer, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, management compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security with the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis for the security, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited to the amount that the fair value of the security is less than its amortized cost basis. For available-for-sale debt securities, any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable taxes.
No allowance for credit losses for available-for-sale or held-to-maturity debt securities was recorded at September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024. Accrued interest receivable on securities totaled $7.1 million and $7.5 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.
The U.S. Treasury, U.S. government sponsored agencies and mortgage-backed securities are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, are highly rated by major credit rating agencies, and have a long history of no credit losses. Therefore, for those securities, we do not record expected credit losses. State and municipal securities credit losses are benchmarked against highly rated municipal securities of similar duration, as published by Moody's, resulting in an immaterial allowance for credit losses.
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NOTE 3. LOANS
(dollars in thousands)September 30,
2025
December 31,
2024
Commercial and industrial loans:
Working capital lines of credit loans$709,645 13.5 %$649,609 12.7 %
Non-working capital loans808,371 15.4 801,256 15.6 
Total commercial and industrial loans$1,518,016 28.9 $1,450,865 28.3 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Construction and land development loans574,896 10.9 567,781 11.1 
Owner occupied loans804,253 15.3 807,090 15.8 
Nonowner occupied loans863,085 16.5 872,671 17.0 
Multifamily loans413,016 7.9 344,978 6.7 
Total commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans$2,655,250 50.6 $2,592,520 50.6 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland153,904 2.9 156,609 3.1 
Loans for agricultural production186,068 3.6 230,787 4.5 
Total agri-business and agricultural loans$339,972 6.5 $387,396 7.6 
Other commercial loans91,833 1.7 95,584 1.9 
Total commercial loans$4,605,071 87.7 $4,526,365 88.4 
Consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans:
Closed end first mortgage loans273,580 5.2 259,286 5.1 
Open end and junior lien loans241,256 4.6 214,125 4.2 
Residential construction and land development loans18,706 0.4 16,818 0.3 
Total consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans$533,542 10.2 $490,229 9.6 
Other consumer loans112,430 2.1 104,041 2.0 
Total consumer loans$645,972 12.3 $594,270 11.6 
Subtotal$5,251,043 100.0 %$5,120,635 100.0 %
Less: Allowance for credit losses(68,168)(85,960)
Net deferred loan fees(2,424)(2,687)
Loans, net$5,180,451 $5,031,988 
The recorded investment in loans does not include accrued interest, which totaled $21.0 million and $20.3 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
The Company had $1.2 million and $424,000 in residential real estate loans in the process of foreclosure as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
NOTE 4. ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES AND CREDIT QUALITY
The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses to provide for expected credit losses. Losses are charged against the allowance when management believes that the principal is uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Allocations of the allowance are made for specific loans and for pools of similar types of loans, although the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged against the allowance. A provision for credit losses is taken based on management’s ongoing evaluation of the appropriate allowance balance. A formal evaluation of the adequacy of the credit loss allowance is conducted monthly. The ultimate recovery of all loans is susceptible to future market factors beyond the Company’s control.
The level of credit loss provision is influenced by growth in the overall loan portfolio, emerging market risk, emerging concentration risk, commercial loan focus and large credit concentration, new industry lending activity, general economic conditions and historical loss analysis. In addition, management gives consideration to changes in the facts and circumstances
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of watch list credits, which includes the security position of the borrower, in determining the appropriate level of the credit loss provision. Furthermore, management’s overall view on credit quality is a factor in the determination of the provision.
The determination of the appropriate allowance is inherently subjective, as it requires significant estimates by management. The Company has an established process to determine the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses that generally includes consideration of changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio and overall portfolio quality, along with current and forecasted economic conditions that may affect borrowers’ ability to repay. Consideration is not limited to these factors although they represent the most commonly cited factors. To determine the specific allocation levels for individual credits, management considers the current valuation of collateral and the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows as the primary measures. Management also considers trends in adversely classified loans based upon an ongoing review of those credits. With respect to pools of similar loans, an appropriate level of general allowance is determined by portfolio segment using a probability of default-loss given default (“PD/LGD”) model, subject to a floor. A default can be triggered by one of several different asset quality factors, including past due status, nonaccrual status, material modification status or if the loan has had a charge-off. This PD is then combined with a LGD derived from historical charge-off data to construct a default rate. This loss rate is then supplemented with adjustments for reasonable and supportable forecasts of relevant economic indicators, particularly the unemployment rate forecast from the Federal Open Market Committee’s Summary of Economic Projections, and other environmental factors based on the risks present for each portfolio segment. These environmental factors include consideration of the following: levels of, and trends in, delinquencies and nonperforming loans; trends in volume and terms of loans; effects of any changes in risk selection and underwriting standards; other changes in lending policies, procedure, and practices; experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; national and local economic trends and conditions; industry conditions; and effects of changes in credit concentrations. It is also possible that these factors could include social, political, economic, and terrorist events or activities. All of these factors are susceptible to change, which may be significant. As a result of this detailed process, the allowance results in two forms of allocations, specific and general. These two components represent the total allowance for credit losses deemed adequate to cover probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio.
Commercial loans are subject to a dual standardized grading process administered by the credit administration function. These grade assignments are performed independent of each other and a consensus is reached by credit administration and the loan officer. Specific allowances are established in cases where management has identified significant conditions or circumstances related to an individual credit that indicate it should be evaluated on an individual basis. Considerations with respect to specific allocations for these individual credits include, but are not limited to, the following: (a) the sufficiency of the customer’s cash flow or net worth to repay the loan; (b) the adequacy of the discounted value of collateral relative to the loan balance; (c) whether the loan has been criticized in a regulatory examination; (d) whether the loan is nonperforming; (e) any other reasons the ultimate collectability of the loan may be in question; or (f) any unique loan characteristics that require special monitoring.
Allocations are also applied to categories of loans considered not to be individually analyzed, but for which the rate of loss is expected to be consistent with or greater than historical averages. Such allocations are based on past loss experience and information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values. These general pooled loan allocations are performed for portfolio segments of commercial and industrial; commercial real estate, multi-family, and construction; agri-business and agricultural; other commercial loans; and consumer 1-4 family mortgage and other consumer loans. General allocations of the allowance are determined by a historical loss rate based on the calculation of each pool’s probability of default-loss given default, subject to a floor. The length of the historical period for each pool is based on the average life of the pool, which is updated at least annually. The historical loss rates are supplemented with consideration of economic conditions and portfolio trends.
Due to the imprecise nature of estimating the allowance for credit losses, the Company’s allowance for credit losses includes an immaterial unallocated component. The unallocated component of the allowance for credit losses incorporates the Company’s judgmental determination of potential expected losses that may not be fully reflected in other allocations. As a practical expedient, the Company has elected to disclose accrued interest separately from loan principal balances on the consolidated balance sheet. Additionally, when a loan is placed on non-accrual, interest payments are reversed through interest income.
For off balance sheet credit exposures outlined in the ASU at 326-20-30-11, it is the Company’s position that nearly all of the unfunded amounts on lines of credit are unconditionally cancellable, and therefore not subject to having a liability recorded.

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The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for the periods shown:
(dollars in thousands)Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real Estate and Multifamily ResidentialAgri-business and AgriculturalOther CommercialConsumer 1-4 Family MortgageOther ConsumerUnallocatedTotal
Three Months Ended September 30, 2025                
Beginning balance, July 1$25,882 $31,082 $3,299 $720 $3,590 $1,579 $400 $66,552 
Provision for credit losses1,447 (197)(80)(29)460 428 (29)2,000 
Loans charged-off(222)0 0 0 (4)(347)0 (573)
Recoveries42 27 0 0 16 104 0 189 
Net loans (charged-off) recovered(180)27 0 0 12 (243)0 (384)
Ending balance$27,149 $30,912 $3,219 $691 $4,062 $1,764 $371 $68,168 
(dollars in thousands)Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real Estate and Multifamily ResidentialAgri-business and AgriculturalOther CommercialConsumer 1-4 Family MortgageOther ConsumerUnallocatedTotal
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024                
Beginning balance, July 1$39,161 $31,687 $3,668 $820 $3,586 $1,390 $399 $80,711 
Provision for credit losses3,498 (355)(254)(86)(16)308 (36)3,059 
Loans charged-off(72)0 0 0 (3)(156)0 (231)
Recoveries18 26 0 0 4 40 0 88 
Net loans (charged-off) recovered(54)26 0 0 1 (116)0 (143)
Ending balance$42,605 $31,358 $3,414 $734 $3,571 $1,582 $363 $83,627 
(dollars in thousands)Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real Estate and Multifamily ResidentialAgri-business and AgriculturalOther CommercialConsumer 1-4 Family MortgageOther ConsumerUnallocatedTotal
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
                
Beginning balance, January 1$45,539 $30,865 $3,541 $743 $3,358 $1,531 $383 $85,960 
Provision for credit losses10,335 (32)(322)(52)878 1,005 (12)11,800 
Loans charged-off(28,848)0 0 0 (226)(1,119)0 (30,193)
Recoveries123 79 0 0 52 347 0 601 
Net loans (charged-off) recovered(28,725)79 0 0 (174)(772)0 (29,592)
Ending balance$27,149 $30,912 $3,219 $691 $4,062 $1,764 $371 $68,168 
(dollars in thousands)Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real Estate and Multifamily ResidentialAgri-business and AgriculturalOther CommercialConsumer 1-4 Family MortgageOther ConsumerUnallocatedTotal
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
                
Beginning balance, January 1$30,338 $31,335 $4,150 $1,129 $3,474 $1,174 $372 $71,972 
Provision for credit losses12,452 784 (736)(395)73 890 (9)13,059 
Loans charged-off(278)(840)0 0 (25)(668)0 (1,811)
Recoveries93 79 0 0 49 186 0 407 
Net loans (charged-off) recovered(185)(761)0 0 24 (482)0 (1,404)
Ending balance$42,605 $31,358 $3,414 $734 $3,571 $1,582 $363 $83,627 
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Credit Quality Indicators
The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes commercial loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis for Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful grade loans and annually on Pass grade loans over $250,000.
The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:
Special Mention. Loans classified as Special Mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the Company’s credit position at some future date.
Substandard. Loans classified as Substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful. Loans classified as Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as Substandard, with the added characteristics that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.
Loans are considered to be "Pass" rated when they are reviewed as part of the previously described process and do not meet the criteria above, which are evaluated and listed with Substandard commercial grade loans and consumer nonaccrual loans, which are evaluated individually and listed with “Not Rated” loans. Loans listed as Not Rated are consumer loans or commercial loans with consumer characteristics included in groups of homogenous loans which are analyzed for credit quality indicators utilizing delinquency status.
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The following table summarizes the risk category of loans by loan segment and year of origination as of September 30, 2025:
(dollars in thousands)20252024202320222021PriorTerm TotalRevolvingTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:                  
Working capital lines of credit loans:                  
Pass$3,230 $1,453 $41 $1,369 $1,109 $400 $7,602 $632,039 $639,641 
Special Mention0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40,541 40,541 
Substandard0 0 1,994 926 194 422 3,536 25,717 29,253 
Doubtful0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Total3,230 1,453 2,035 2,295 1,303 822 11,138 698,297 709,435 
Working capital lines of credit loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 28,607 0 12 28,619 45 28,664 
Non-working capital loans:
Pass139,759 138,535 110,236 128,247 42,929 30,873 590,579 184,237 774,816 
Special Mention2,904 7,777 92 5,066 1,145 623 17,607 3,442 21,049 
Substandard553 330 2,106 1,553 105 3,923 8,570 395 8,965 
Doubtful0 0 0 0 6 91 97 0 97 
Not Rated733 346 858 710 155 203 3,005 0 3,005 
Total143,949 146,988 113,292 135,576 44,340 35,713 619,858 188,074 807,932 
Non-working capital loans:
Current period gross write offs1 2 0 0 0 0 3 181 184 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Construction and land development loans:
Pass20,736 38,696 14,779 22,015 731 0 96,957 474,820 571,777 
Special Mention1,242 0 0 0 0 0 1,242 0 1,242 
Total21,978 38,696 14,779 22,015 731 0 98,199 474,820 573,019 
Construction and land development loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Owner occupied loans:
Pass128,715 101,726 94,865 116,945 132,676 170,689 745,616 34,205 779,821 
Special Mention1,331 109 2,361 14,863 0 1,906 20,570 0 20,570 
Substandard0 309 295 0 1,350 1,446 3,400 0 3,400 
Total130,046 102,144 97,521 131,808 134,026 174,041 769,586 34,205 803,791 
Owner occupied loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
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(dollars in thousands)20252024202320222021PriorTerm TotalRevolvingTotal
Nonowner occupied loans (continued):
Pass85,779 131,308 109,516 138,120 100,613 166,703 732,039 116,959 848,998 
Special Mention0 0 11,414 103 0 0 11,517 1,954 13,471 
Total85,779 131,308 120,930 138,223 100,613 166,703 743,556 118,913 862,469 
Nonowner occupied loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Multifamily loans:
Pass138,409 55,109 86,793 21,567 31,832 33,257 366,967 45,486 412,453 
Special Mention0 0 0 295 0 0 295 0 295 
Total138,409 55,109 86,793 21,862 31,832 33,257 367,262 45,486 412,748 
Multifamily loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland:
Pass18,873 13,886 16,686 31,934 21,064 34,144 136,587 14,786 151,373 
Special Mention1,986 118 197 0 34 148 2,483 0 2,483 
Substandard0 0 0 0 0 55 55 0 55 
Total20,859 14,004 16,883 31,934 21,098 34,347 139,125 14,786 153,911 
Loans secured by farmland:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Loans for agricultural production:
Pass3,226 14,310 22,508 19,401 22,026 13,389 94,860 83,279 178,139 
Special Mention0 0 666 265 0 4 935 7,079 8,014 
Substandard0 0 0 13 0 0 13 0 13 
Total3,226 14,310 23,174 19,679 22,026 13,393 95,808 90,358 186,166 
Loans for agricultural production:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other commercial loans:
Pass4,284 6,405 15,756 26,873 2,763 13,530 69,611 20,353 89,964 
Special Mention0 0 0 0 0 1,783 1,783 0 1,783 
Total4,284 6,405 15,756 26,873 2,763 15,313 71,394 20,353 91,747 
Other commercial loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
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(dollars in thousands)20252024202320222021PriorTerm TotalRevolvingTotal
Consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans (continued):
Closed end first mortgage loans:
Pass11,627 10,766 7,293 7,501 10,510 5,790 53,487 4,711 58,198 
Special Mention191 119 218 158 62 0 748 0 748 
Substandard24 331 236 443 89 839 1,962 0 1,962 
Not Rated27,506 27,780 51,600 43,186 30,020 32,227 212,319 0 212,319 
Total39,348 38,996 59,347 51,288 40,681 38,856 268,516 4,711 273,227 
Closed end first mortgage loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 24 24 0 24 
Open end and junior lien loans:
Pass118 537 697 0 198 4 1,554 10,132 11,686 
Special Mention289 0 0 0 0 0 289 0 289 
Substandard1,994 7 101 0 8 0 2,110 54 2,164 
Not Rated21,652 14,734 11,446 12,137 2,370 1,338 63,677 165,575 229,252 
Total24,053 15,278 12,244 12,137 2,576 1,342 67,630 175,761 243,391 
Open end and junior lien loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 29 2 22 53 149 202 
Residential construction loans:
Not Rated4,928 8,258 596 1,712 1,213 1,904 18,611 0 18,611 
Total4,928 8,258 596 1,712 1,213 1,904 18,611 0 18,611 
Residential construction loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other consumer loans:
Pass286 0 947 136 29 0 1,398 31,817 33,215 
Special Mention0 0 0 475 0 26 501 0 501 
Substandard0 129 121 97 6 13 366 0 366 
Not Rated16,256 17,572 15,956 8,442 4,678 3,725 66,629 11,461 78,090 
Total16,542 17,701 17,024 9,150 4,713 3,764 68,894 43,278 112,172 
Other consumer loans:
Current period gross write offs4 154 265 140 58 0 621 498 1,119 
Total Loans$636,631 $590,650 $580,374 $604,552 $407,915 $519,455 $3,339,577 $1,909,042 $5,248,619 
Total period gross write offs$5 $156 $265 $28,776 $60 $58 $29,320 $873 $30,193 
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The following table summarizes the risk category of loans by loan segment and year of origination as of December 31, 2024:
(dollars in thousands)20242023202220212020PriorTerm TotalRevolvingTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:                  
Working capital lines of credit loans:                  
Pass$1,599 $114 $1,640 $1,647 $651 $0 $5,651 $525,179 $530,830 
Special Mention0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48,301 48,301 
Substandard0 0 933 0 195 219 1,347 25,878 27,225 
Doubtful0 3,090 39,994 0 0 0 43,084 0 43,084 
Total1,599 3,204 42,567 1,647 846 219 50,082 599,358 649,440 
Working capital lines of credit loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 94 0 0 0 94 136 230 
Non-working capital loans:
Pass151,920 157,276 173,274 58,591 32,909 28,582 602,552 164,106 766,658 
Special Mention3,901 2,614 2,024 1,637 393 1,894 12,463 6,491 18,954 
Substandard0 2,986 1,598 107 4,142 584 9,417 406 9,823 
Doubtful0 0 0 21 386 0 407 0 407 
Not Rated1,297 1,657 1,149 395 395 23 4,916 0 4,916 
Total157,118 164,533 178,045 60,751 38,225 31,083 629,755 171,003 800,758 
Non-working capital loans:
Current period gross write offs0 383 0 542 179 44 1,148 237 1,385 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Construction and land development loans:
Pass23,264 69,737 43,228 2,566 0 0 138,795 426,577 565,372 
Special Mention603 0 0 0 0 0 603 0 603 
Total23,867 69,737 43,228 2,566 0 0 139,398 426,577 565,975 
Construction and land development loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Owner occupied loans:
Pass98,847 138,299 120,191 143,642 109,451 129,051 739,481 35,003 774,484 
Special Mention6,295 2,728 14,777 0 619 2,488 26,907 0 26,907 
Substandard318 318 0 3,101 1,457 0 5,194 0 5,194 
Total105,460 141,345 134,968 146,743 111,527 131,539 771,582 35,003 806,585 
Owner occupied loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 840 840 0 840 
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(dollars in thousands)20242023202220212020PriorTerm TotalRevolvingTotal
Nonowner occupied loans (continued):
Pass152,963 118,517 168,387 101,064 119,612 77,497 738,040 110,441 848,481 
Special Mention0 15,650 108 5,868 0 0 21,626 1,895 23,521 
Total152,963 134,167 168,495 106,932 119,612 77,497 759,666 112,336 872,002 
Nonowner occupied loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Multifamily loans:
Pass70,497 61,679 11,708 52,995 29,177 9,794 235,850 108,486 344,336 
Special Mention0 0 307 0 0 0 307 0 307 
Total70,497 61,679 12,015 52,995 29,177 9,794 236,157 108,486 344,643 
Multifamily loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland:
Pass14,574 21,241 29,601 23,043 25,192 18,312 131,963 24,249 156,212 
Special Mention122 209 0 0 0 0 331 0 331 
Substandard0 0 0 0 0 71 71 0 71 
Total14,696 21,450 29,601 23,043 25,192 18,383 132,365 24,249 156,614 
Loans secured by farmland:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Loans for agricultural production:
Pass15,945 26,704 21,611 24,374 21,446 1,450 111,530 118,090 229,620 
Special Mention0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,275 1,275 
Total15,945 26,704 21,611 24,374 21,446 1,450 111,530 119,365 230,895 
Loans for agricultural production:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other commercial loans:
Pass6,639 17,137 29,985 3,397 11,310 5,544 74,012 19,609 93,621 
Special Mention0 0 0 0 0 1,872 1,872 0 1,872 
Total6,639 17,137 29,985 3,397 11,310 7,416 75,884 19,609 95,493 
Other commercial loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans:
Closed end first mortgage loans:
Pass11,104 8,511 9,274 11,278 6,252 4,685 51,104 4,299 55,403 
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(dollars in thousands)20242023202220212020PriorTerm TotalRevolvingTotal
Closed end first mortgage loans (continued):
Special Mention122 226 165 66 0 0 579 0 579 
Substandard0 83 319 90 0 629 1,121 0 1,121 
Not Rated28,706 55,641 47,355 34,173 13,543 22,396 201,814 0 201,814 
Total39,932 64,461 57,113 45,607 19,795 27,710 254,618 4,299 258,917 
Closed end first mortgage loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Open end and junior lien loans:
Pass574 738 0 438 0 5 1,755 10,090 11,845 
Special Mention0 0 0 0 309 0 309 0 309 
Substandard0 104 0 15 0 81 200 118 318 
Not Rated21,929 16,134 18,053 4,660 644 2,894 64,314 139,351 203,665 
Total22,503 16,976 18,053 5,113 953 2,980 66,578 149,559 216,137 
Open end and junior lien loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 79 0 0 0 79 15 94 
Residential construction loans:
Not Rated10,030 1,154 2,045 1,386 759 1,348 16,722 0 16,722 
Total10,030 1,154 2,045 1,386 759 1,348 16,722 0 16,722 
Residential construction loans:
Current period gross write offs0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
Other consumer loans:
Pass79 971 234 109 0 0 1,393 20,742 22,135 
Special Mention0 0 475 0 157 0 632 0 632 
Substandard0 128 54 76 17 0 275 0 275 
Not Rated23,508 22,250 11,824 6,688 3,743 1,782 69,795 10,930 80,725 
Total23,587 23,349 12,587 6,873 3,917 1,782 72,095 31,672 103,767 
Other consumer loans:
Current period gross write offs49 303 236 33 0 26 647 272 919 
Total loans$644,836 $745,896 $750,313 $481,427 $382,759 $311,201 $3,316,432 $1,801,516 $5,117,948 
Total current period gross write offs$49 $686 $409 $575 $179 $910 $2,808 $660 $3,468 

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Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans:
The Company does not record interest on nonaccrual loans until principal is recovered. For all loan classes, a loan is generally placed on nonaccrual status when principal or interest becomes 90 days past due unless it is well secured and in the process of collection, or earlier when concern exists as to the ultimate collectability of principal or interest. Interest accrued but not received is reversed against earnings. Cash interest received on these loans is applied to the principal balance until the principal is recovered or until the loan returns to accrual status. Loans may be returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, remain current for a prescribed period, and future payments are reasonably assured.
The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in past due loans as of September 30, 2025 by class of loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing by class of loan:
(dollars in thousands)Loans Not Past Due30-89 Days Past DueGreater than 89 Days Past Due and AccruingTotal AccruingTotal NonaccrualNonaccrual With No Allowance For Credit LossTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:            
Working capital lines of credit loans$704,522 $0 $0 $704,522 $4,867 $444 $709,389 
Non-working capital loans800,376 46 0 800,422 7,556 103 807,978 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Construction and land development loans573,019 0 0 573,019 0 0 573,019 
Owner occupied loans801,880 170 0 802,050 1,741 0 803,791 
Nonowner occupied loans862,469 0 0 862,469 0 0 862,469 
Multifamily loans412,748 0 0 412,748 0 0 412,748 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland153,856 0 0 153,856 55 0 153,911 
Loans for agricultural production186,153 0 0 186,153 13 13 186,166 
Other commercial loans91,747 0 0 91,747 0 0 91,747 
Consumer 1‑4 family mortgage loans:
Closed end first mortgage loans271,197 61 7 271,265 1,962 793 273,227 
Open end and junior lien loans240,938 289 0 241,227 2,164 155 243,391 
Residential construction loans18,611 0 0 18,611 0 0 18,611 
Other consumer loans111,390 415 0 111,805 367 6 112,172 
Total$5,228,906 $981 $7 $5,229,894 $18,725 $1,514 $5,248,619 
An insignificant amount of interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2025.
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The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in past due loans as of December 31, 2024 by class of loans and loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing by class of loan:
(dollars in thousands)Loans Not Past Due30-89 Days Past DueGreater than 89 Days Past Due and AccruingTotal AccruingTotal NonaccrualNonaccrual With No Allowance For Credit LossTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:            
Working capital lines of credit loans$603,016 $1,082 $0 $604,098 $45,342 $594 $649,440 
Non-working capital loans792,577 663 3 793,243 7,515 37 800,758 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Construction and land development loans565,975 0 0 565,975 0 0 565,975 
Owner occupied loans804,810 0 0 804,810 1,775 318 806,585 
Nonowner occupied loans872,002 0 0 872,002 0 0 872,002 
Multifamily loans344,643 0 0 344,643 0 0 344,643 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland156,543 0 0 156,543 71 0 156,614 
Loans for agricultural production230,895 0 0 230,895 0 0 230,895 
Other commercial loans95,493 0 0 95,493 0 0 95,493 
Consumer 1‑4 family mortgage loans:
Closed end first mortgage loans256,486 1,284 26 257,796 1,121 665 258,917 
Open end and junior lien loans215,505 314 0 215,819 318 318 216,137 
Residential construction loans16,722 0 0 16,722 0 0 16,722 
Other consumer loans102,565 927 0 103,492 275 17 103,767 
Total$5,057,232 $4,270 $29 $5,061,531 $56,417 $1,949 $5,117,948 
An insignificant amount of interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans during the year ended December 31, 2024.
When management determines that foreclosure is probable, expected credit losses for collateral dependent loans are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. A loan is considered collateral dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the loan is expected to be repaid substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The class of loan represents the primary collateral type associated with the loan. Significant quarter over quarter changes are reflective of changes in nonaccrual status and not necessarily associated with credit quality indicators like appraisal value.
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The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by class of loan as of:
September 30, 2025
(dollars in thousands)Real EstateGeneral
Business
 Assets
OtherTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:      
Working capital lines of credit loans$536 $22,945 $638 $24,119 
Non-working capital loans52 7,633 5 7,690 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Owner occupied loans309 1,741 0 2,050 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland0 55 0 55 
Consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans:
Closed end first mortgage loans1,962 0 0 1,962 
Open end and junior lien loans2,164 0 0 2,164 
Other consumer loans0 0 283 283 
Total$5,023 $32,374 $926 $38,323 
December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)Real EstateGeneral
Business
 Assets
OtherTotal
Commercial and industrial loans:      
Working capital lines of credit loans$50 $64,023 $447 $64,520 
Non-working capital loans1,891 6,585 19 8,495 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Owner occupied loans318 3,512 0 3,830 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland0 71 0 71 
Consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans:
Closed end first mortgage loans1,121 0 0 1,121 
Open end and junior lien loans318 0 0 318 
Other consumer loans0 0 272 272 
Total$3,698 $74,191 $738 $78,627 
Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty
The allowance for credit losses incorporates an estimate of lifetime expected credit losses using historical loss information. The Company uses a probability of default/loss given default model to determine an estimate which is recorded for each asset upon origination. Occasionally, the Company has reason to modify certain terms of loans for borrowers experiencing financial distress by providing the following forms of relief: forgiveness of loan principal, extension of repayment terms, interest rate reduction or an other than insignificant payment delay. The Company can make any or all of these types of concessions as part of such modifications. Since an estimate for historical losses is already included as a component of the allowance for credit losses, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded at the time of such modifications unless the loan is individually analyzed and the modification changes the specific reserve allocation. In the event forgiveness of principal is provided, the amount of the forgiveness is charged off against the allowance for credit losses.
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The following table presents the amortized cost basis at the end of the reporting period of loans that were experiencing financial difficulty and received a modification of terms during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, by class and type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivables at the end of the reporting period is also presented below:
(dollars in thousands)Combination Principal Forgiveness and Interest Rate ReductionTotal ModificationsTotal Class of Financing Receivable
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans:
Open end and junior lien loans$1,994 $1,994 0.82 %
Total consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans1,994 1,994 0.37 
Total consumer loans1,994 1,994 0.31 
Total loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty$1,994 $1,994 0.04 %
The Company has no material commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers included in the previous table.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, no modifications were made to loans for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.
The following table presents the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
(dollars in thousands)Principal ForgivenessWeighted Average Interest Rate Reduction
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Commercial and industrial loans:  
Working capital lines of credit loans (1)$28,607 7.00 %
Total commercial and industrial loans28,607 7.00 %
Total commercial loans28,607 7.00 %
Total financial effect of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty$28,607 7.00 %
(1) Principal forgiveness of $28.6 million represents one $30.6 million working capital line of credit loan, of which $28.6 million was charged off. The remaining $2.0 million was financed into an open end and junior lien loan with a personal guarantor of the forgiven loan. The modified note is collateralized by several of the guarantor's commercial and residential real estate properties.
The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by reviewing the delinquency and payment default status of such loans to understand the effectiveness of its relief efforts.
At September 30, 2025, no loans receiving a modification due to borrower financial difficulty within the previous twelve months were greater than 30 days or more past due.
Upon the Company's determination that a modified loan (or portion thereof) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or a portion thereof) is written off. Therefore, the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for credit losses is adjusted by the same amount.
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NOTE 5. BORROWINGS
For the periods ended below, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis ("FHLBI") were as follows:
(dollars in thousands)September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Short-term fixed rate bullet advance, 4.31%, due October 3, 2025
$55,000 $0 
Long-term fixed rate bullet advance, 0.00%, due March 12, 2035
1,200 0 
Total$56,200 $0 
For the period ended September 30, 2025, the Company had advances outstanding from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis ("FHLBI") of $56.2 million. The fixed rate bullet advance of $55.0 million due October 3, 2025 had an interest rate of 4.31%. The fixed rate bullet advance of $1.2 million due March 12, 2035 had an interest rate of 0.00%. The $1.2 million advance is a rate-subsidized Community Development Financial Institution ("CDFI") Rate Buydown Advance offered by the FHLBI. The Company extended a low cost loan to a qualifying CDFI within its operating footprint that was then funded by the fixed rate advance from the Rate Buydown Advance program. For the period ended December 31, 2024, the Company had no advances outstanding with the FHLBI. There were no Federal Funds purchased outstanding at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
On October 10, 2025, the Company renewed an unsecured revolving credit agreement with a financial institution allowing the Company to borrow up to $30.0 million. The credit agreement has a one year term which may be amended, extended, modified or renewed. Funds provided under the agreement can be used to repurchase shares of the Company’s common stock under the share repurchase program, which was reauthorized by the Company’s board of directors on April 8, 2025, and expires on April 30, 2027, and for general operations. The credit agreement includes a negative pledge agreement whereby the Company agrees not to pledge or otherwise encumber the stock of the Bank. There was no outstanding balance on the credit agreement at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
NOTE 6. FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES
Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:
Level 1  Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.
Level 2  Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3  Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate the fair value of each type of financial instrument:
Securities:  Securities available-for-sale are valued primarily by a third party pricing service. The fair values of securities available-for-sale are determined on a recurring basis by obtaining quoted prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1 inputs) or pricing models which utilize significant observable inputs such as matrix pricing. This is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). These models utilize the market approach with standard inputs that include, but are not limited to benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data. For certain municipal securities that are not rated and observable inputs about the specific issuer are not available, fair values are estimated using observable data from other municipal securities presumed to be similar or other market data on other non-rated municipal securities (Level 3 inputs).
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The Company’s Finance Department, which is responsible for all accounting and SEC disclosure compliance, and the Company’s Treasury Department, which is responsible for investment portfolio management and asset/liability modeling, are the two areas that determine the Company’s valuation policies and procedures. Both of these areas report directly to the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company. For assets or liabilities that may be considered for Level 3 fair value measurement on a recurring basis, these two departments and the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer determine the appropriate level of the assets or liabilities under consideration. If there are new assets or liabilities that are determined to be Level 3 by this group, the Risk Management Committee of the Company and the Audit Committee of the Board are made aware of such assets at their next scheduled meeting.
Securities pricing is obtained from a third party pricing service and all security prices are tested annually against prices from another third party provider and reviewed with a market value price tolerance variance that varies by sector: municipal securities +/-5%, government MBS/CMO +/-3% and U.S. treasuries +/-1%. If any securities fall outside the tolerance threshold and have a variance of $100,000 or more, a determination of materiality is made for the amount over the threshold. Any security that would have a material threshold difference would be further investigated to determine why the variance exists and if any action is needed concerning the security pricing for that individual security. Changes in market value are reviewed monthly in aggregate by security type and any material changes are reviewed to determine why they exist. At least annually, the pricing methodology of the pricing service is received and reviewed to support the fair value levels used by the Company. A detailed pricing evaluation is requested and reviewed on any security determined to be fair valued using unobservable inputs by the pricing service.
Mortgage banking derivative:  The fair values of mortgage banking derivatives are based on observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2).
Interest rate swap derivatives:  Our derivatives are traded in an over-the-counter market where quoted market prices are not always available. Therefore, the fair values of derivatives are determined using quantitative models that utilize multiple market inputs. The inputs will vary based on the type of derivative, but could include interest rates, prices and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, prepayment rates, and volatility factors to value the position. The majority of market inputs are actively quoted and can be validated through external sources, including brokers, market transactions and third-party pricing services. The fair value of interest rate swap derivatives is determined by pricing or valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date (Level 2).
Collateral dependent loans:  Collateral dependent loans with specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses are generally based on the fair value of the underlying collateral when repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Fair value is determined using several methods. Generally, the fair value of real estate is based on appraisals by qualified third party appraisers. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. In addition, the Company’s management routinely applies internal discount factors to the value of appraisals used in the fair value evaluation of collateral dependent loans. The deductions to the appraisals take into account changing business factors and market conditions, as well as value impairment in cases where the appraisal date predates a likely change in market conditions. Commercial real estate is generally discounted from its appraised value by 30-50% with the higher discounts applied to real estate that is determined to have a thin trading market or to be specialized collateral. In addition to real estate, the Company’s management evaluates other types of collateral as follows: (a) raw materials inventory is discounted from its cost or book value by 40-60%, depending on the marketability of the goods; (b) finished goods are generally discounted by 40-60%, depending on the ease of marketability, cost of transportation or scope of use of the finished good; (c) work in process inventory is typically discounted by 60%-100%, depending on the length of manufacturing time, types of components used in the completion process, and the breadth of the user base; (d) equipment is valued at a percentage of depreciated book value or recent appraised value, if available, and is typically discounted at 20-50% after various considerations including age and condition of the equipment, marketability, breadth of use, and whether the equipment includes unique components or add-ons; and (e) marketable securities are discounted by 10%-30%, depending on the type of investment, age of valuation report and general market conditions. This methodology is based on a market approach and typically results in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.
Mortgage servicing rights:  As of September 30, 2025, the value of the Company’s Level 3 servicing assets for residential mortgage loans (“MSRs”) was $1.7 million, carried at amortized cost and no valuation reserve. These residential mortgage loans have a weighted average interest rate of 3.9%, a weighted average maturity of 20 years and are secured by homes generally within the Company’s market area of Northern Indiana and Indianapolis. A third-party valuation is used to estimate fair value by stratifying the portfolios on the basis of certain risk characteristics, including loan type and interest rate. Impairment is estimated based on an income approach. The inputs used include estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rate,
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cost to service, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, ancillary income, late fees and float income. The most significant assumption used to value MSRs is prepayment rate. Prepayment rates are estimated based on published industry consensus prepayment rates. The most significant unobservable assumption is the discount rate. At September 30, 2025, the constant prepayment speed (“PSA”) used was 163 and used a discount rate of 9.5%. At December 31, 2024, the PSA used was 157 and the discount rate used was 10.0%.
Other real estate owned: Nonrecurring adjustments to certain commercial and residential real estate properties, classified as other real estate owned, are measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Fair values are generally based on third party appraisals of the property and are reviewed by the Company’s internal appraisal officer. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable properties used to determine value. Such adjustments are usually significant and result in a Level 3 classification. In addition, the Company’s management may apply discount factors to the appraisals to take into account changing business factors and market conditions, as well as value impairment in cases where the appraisal date predates a likely change in market conditions. In cases where the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, less costs to sell, an impairment loss is recognized.
Real estate mortgage loans held-for-sale: Real estate mortgage loans held-for-sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, as determined by outstanding commitments, from third party investors, and result in a Level 2 classification.
The tables below present the balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
September 30, 2025
Fair Value Measurements UsingAssets
at Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets:
U.S. Treasury securities$5,001 $0 $0 $5,001 
U.S. government sponsored agency securities0 117,067 0 117,067 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential0 448,208 0 448,208 
State and municipal securities0 457,212 4,450 461,662 
Total securities available-for-sale5,001 1,022,487 4,450 1,031,938 
Mortgage banking derivative0 73 0 73 
Interest rate swap derivative0 15,641 0 15,641 
Total assets$5,001 $1,038,201 $4,450 $1,047,652 
Liabilities:
Mortgage banking derivative$0 $1 $0 $1 
Interest rate swap derivative0 15,642 0 15,642 
Total liabilities$0 $15,643 $0 $15,643 
December 31, 2024
Fair Value Measurements UsingAssets
at Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets:        
U.S. government sponsored agency securities$0 $109,435 $0 $109,435 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential0 422,409 0 422,409 
State and municipal securities0 454,922 4,660 459,582 
Total securities available-for-sale0 986,766 4,660 991,426 
Mortgage banking derivative0 94 0 94 
Interest rate swap derivative0 25,403 0 25,403 
Total assets$0 $1,012,263 $4,660 $1,016,923 
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap derivative$0 $25,403 $0 $25,403 
Total liabilities$0 $25,403 $0 $25,403 
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The fair value of Level 3 available-for-sale securities was immaterial and thus did not require additional recurring fair value disclosure.
The tables below present the balances of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:
September 30, 2025
Fair Value Measurements UsingAssets
at Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Collateral dependent loans:
Commercial and industrial loans:
Working capital lines of credit loans$0 $0 $1,671 $1,671 
Non-working capital loans0 0 3,118 3,118 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Owner occupied loans0 0 817 817 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland0 0 21 21 
Total collateral dependent loans0 0 5,627 5,627 
Total assets$0 $0 $5,627 $5,627 
December 31, 2024
Fair Value Measurements UsingAssets
at Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets        
Collateral dependent loans:        
Commercial and industrial loans:        
Working capital lines of credit loans$0 $0 $23,174 $23,174 
Non-working capital loans0 0 3,281 3,281 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans:
Owner occupied loans0 0 664 664 
Agri-business and agricultural loans:
Loans secured by farmland0 0 32 32 
Total collateral dependent loans0 0 27,151 27,151 
Total assets$0 $0 $27,151 $27,151 
The following table presents the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at September 30, 2025:
(dollars in thousands)Fair ValueValuation MethodologyUnobservable InputsAverageRange of Inputs
Collateral dependent loans:          
Commercial and industrial$4,789 Collateral based measurementsDiscount to reflect current market conditions and ultimate collectability44 %
1%-99%
Collateral dependent loans:    
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans817 Collateral based measurementsDiscount to reflect current market conditions and ultimate collectability37 %
13%-61%
Collateral dependent loans:
Agri-business and agricultural21 Collateral based measurementsDiscount to reflect current market conditions and ultimate collectability61 %
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The following table presents the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2024:
(dollars in thousands)Fair ValueValuation MethodologyUnobservable InputsAverageRange of Inputs
Collateral dependent loans:          
Commercial and industrial$26,455 Collateral based measurementsDiscount to reflect current market conditions and ultimate collectability51 %
4%-99%
Collateral dependent loans:    
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans664 Collateral based measurementsDiscount to reflect current market conditions and ultimate collectability54 %
Collateral dependent loans:    
Agri-business and agricultural32 Collateral based measurementsDiscount to reflect current market conditions and ultimate collectability54 %
The following tables contain the estimated fair values and the related carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments. Items that are not financial instruments are not included.
September 30, 2025
Carrying
Value
Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Financial Assets:          
Cash and cash equivalents$192,836 $192,836 $0 $0 $192,836 
Securities available-for-sale1,031,938 5,001 1,022,487 4,450 1,031,938 
Securities held-to-maturity132,799 0 113,804 0 113,804 
Real estate mortgages held-for-sale725 0 739 0 739 
Loans, net5,180,451 0 0 5,110,207 5,110,207 
Mortgage banking derivative73 0 73 0 73 
Interest rate swap derivative15,641 0 15,641 0 15,641 
Federal Reserve and Federal Home Loan Bank Stock21,420 N/AN/AN/AN/A
Accrued interest receivable28,667 0 7,730 20,937 28,667 
Financial Liabilities:
Certificates of deposit$785,749 $0 $783,237 $0 $783,237 
All other deposits5,238,569 5,238,569 0 0 5,238,569 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances:
Short-term advance55,000 55,000 0 0 55,000 
Long-term advance1,200 0 781 0 781 
Mortgage banking derivative1 0 1 0 1 
Interest rate swap derivative15,642 0 15,642 0 15,642 
Standby letters of credit262 0 0 262 262 
Accrued interest payable8,628 430 8,198 0 8,628 
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December 31, 2024
Carrying
Value
Estimated Fair Value
(dollars in thousands)Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Financial Assets:          
Cash and cash equivalents$168,205 $168,205 $0 $0 $168,205 
Securities available-for-sale991,426 0 986,766 4,660 991,426 
Securities held-to-maturity131,568 0 113,107 0 113,107 
Real estate mortgages held-for-sale1,700 0 1,733 0 1,733 
Loans, net5,031,988 0 0 4,916,231 4,916,231 
Mortgage banking derivative94 0 94 0 94 
Interest rate swap derivative25,403 0 25,403 0 25,403 
Federal Reserve and Federal Home Loan Bank Stock21,420 N/AN/AN/AN/A
Accrued interest receivable28,446 0 8,178 20,268 28,446 
Financial Liabilities:
Certificates of deposit$855,876 $0 $851,933 $0 $851,933 
All other deposits5,045,090 5,045,090 0 0 5,045,090 
Interest rate swap derivative25,403 0 25,403 0 25,403 
Standby letters of credit294 0 0 285 285 
Accrued interest payable15,117 425 14,692 0 15,117 
NOTE 7. OFFSETTING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
The following tables summarize gross and net information about financial instruments and derivative instruments that are offset in the statement of financial position or that are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
September 30, 2025
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets/LiabilitiesGross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial PositionNet Amounts presented in the Statement of Financial PositionGross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial PositionNet Amount
(dollars in thousands)Financial InstrumentsCash Collateral Position
Assets            
Interest Rate Swap Derivatives$15,641 $0 $15,641 $0 $(13,515)$2,126 
Total Assets$15,641 $0 $15,641 $0 $(13,515)$2,126 
Liabilities
Interest Rate Swap Derivatives$15,642 $0 $15,642 $0 $0 $15,642 
Total Liabilities$15,642 $0 $15,642 $0 $0 $15,642 
December 31, 2024
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets/LiabilitiesGross Amounts Offset in the Statement of Financial PositionNet Amounts presented in the Statement of Financial PositionGross Amounts Not Offset in the Statement of Financial PositionNet Amount
(dollars in thousands)Financial InstrumentsCash Collateral Position
Assets
Interest Rate Swap Derivatives$25,403 $0 $25,403 $0 $(21,815)$3,588 
Total Assets$25,403 $0 $25,403 $0 $(21,815)$3,588 
Liabilities
Interest Rate Swap Derivatives$25,403 $0 $25,403 $0 $0 $25,403 
Total Liabilities$25,403 $0 $25,403 $0 $0 $25,403 
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If an event of default occurs causing an early termination of an interest rate swap derivative, any early termination amount payable to one party by the other party may be reduced by set-off against any other amount payable by the one party to the other party. If a default in performance of any obligation of a repurchase agreement occurs, each party will set-off property held in respect of transactions against obligations owing in respect of any other transactions.
NOTE 8. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per common share is net income divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, which includes shares held in treasury on behalf of participants in the Company’s Directors Fee Deferral Plan, and share repurchases. Diluted earnings per common share includes the dilutive effect of additional potential common shares issuable under stock based awards and warrants, none of which were antidilutive.
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2025202420252024
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per common share25,703,699 25,684,407 25,708,543 25,673,275 
Dilutive effect of stock based awards117,661 83,332 95,779 81,082 
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per common share25,821,360 25,767,739 25,804,322 25,754,357 
Basic earnings per common share$1.03 $0.91 $2.86 $2.70 
Diluted earnings per common share$1.03 $0.91 $2.85 $2.69 
NOTE 9. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The following tables summarize the changes within each classification of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, all shown net of tax:
(dollars in thousands)Unrealized Gains and Losses on Available-
for-Sales Securities
Defined Benefit Pension ItemsTotal
Balance at July 1, 2025
$(160,573)$(548)$(161,121)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification20,023 0 20,023 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)385 10 395 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)20,408 10 20,418 
Balance at September 30, 2025$(140,165)$(538)$(140,703)
(dollars in thousands)Unrealized Gains and Losses on Available-
for-Sales Securities
Defined Benefit Pension ItemsTotal
Balance at July 1, 2024
$(169,746)$(712)$(170,458)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification31,925 0 31,925 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)385 12 397 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)32,310 12 32,322 
Balance at September 30, 2024$(137,436)$(700)$(138,136)
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The following tables summarize the changes within each classification of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, all shown net of tax:
(dollars in thousands)Unrealized Gains and Losses on Available-
for-Sales Securities
Defined Benefit Pension ItemsTotal
Balance at January 1, 2025$(165,932)$(568)$(166,500)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification24,608 0 24,608 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)1,159 30 1,189 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)25,767 30 25,797 
Balance at September 30, 2025
$(140,165)$(538)$(140,703)
(dollars in thousands)Unrealized Gains and Losses on Available-
for-Sales Securities
Defined Benefit Pension ItemsTotal
Balance at January 1, 2024$(154,460)$(735)$(155,195)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification15,825 0 15,825 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)1,199 35 1,234 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)17,024 35 17,059 
Balance at September 30, 2024
$(137,436)$(700)$(138,136)
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Reclassifications out of other accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2025 are as follows:
Details about
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Components
 Amount
Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Affected Line Item
in the Statement Where Net Income is Presented
(dollars in thousands)
Amortization of unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities$(489)Interest income
Tax effect104 Income tax expense
(385)Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension items(14)Other expense
Tax effect4 Income tax expense
(10)Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period$(395)Net income
Reclassifications out of other accumulated comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2024 are as follows:
Details about
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Components
Amount
Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Affected Line Item
in the Statement Where Net Income is Presented
(dollars in thousands)
Amortization of unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities$(488)Interest income
Tax effect103 Income tax expense
(385)Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension items(16)Other expense
Tax effect4 Income tax expense
(12)Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period$(397)Net income
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Reclassifications out of accumulated comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 are as follows:
Details about
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Components
Amount
Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Affected Line Item
in the Statement Where Net Income is Presented
(dollars in thousands)
Amortization of unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities$(1,468)Interest income
Tax effect309 Income tax expense
(1,159)Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension items(40)Other expense
Tax effect10 Income tax expense
(30)Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period$(1,189)Net income
Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are as follows:
Details about
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Components
Amount
Reclassified From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Affected Line Item
in the Statement Where Net Income is Presented
(dollars in thousands)
Amortization of unrealized losses on held-to-maturity securities$(1,473)Interest income
Realized gains and (losses) on available-for-sale securities(46)Net securities gains (losses)
Tax effect320 Income tax expense
(1,199)Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension items(47)Other expense
Tax effect12 Income tax expense
(35)Net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period$(1,234)Net income
NOTE 10. LEASES
The Company leases certain office facilities under long-term operating lease agreements. The leases expire at various dates through 2044 and some include renewal options. Many of these leases require the payment of property taxes, insurance premiums, maintenance, utilities and other costs. In many cases, rentals are subject to increase in relation to a cost-of-living index. The Company accounts for lease and non-lease components together as a single lease component. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are recorded as a right-of-use ("ROU") lease asset and are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company's corresponding lease obligations are included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. ROU lease assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease obligations represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating ROU lease assets and obligations are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The ROU lease asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. The Company's lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.
Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Short-term leases are leases having a term of twelve months or less. The Company recognizes short-term leases on a straight-line basis and does not record a related lease asset or liability for such leases, as allowed as a practical expedient of the standard.
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The following is a maturity analysis of the operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2025:
Years ending December 31, (in thousands)Operating Lease Obligation
2025$250 
2026971 
2027919 
2028869 
2029743 
2030 and thereafter5,852 
Total undiscounted lease payments9,604 
Less imputed interest(2,355)
Lease liability$7,249 
Right-of-use asset$7,249 
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands)2025202420252024
Lease cost    
Operating lease cost$233 $198 $630 $544 
Short-term lease cost1 2 3 6 
Total lease cost$234 $200 $633 $550 
Other information
Operating cash outflows from operating leases$233 $198 $630 $544 
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases6.8 years7.9 years6.8 years7.9 years
Weighted average discount rate - operating leases3.8 %3.6 %3.8 %3.6 %
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ITEM 2 - MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
Net income in the first nine months of 2025 was $73.5 million, which increased $4.2 million, or 6.0%, from $69.3 million for the comparable period of 2024. Diluted earnings per common share was $2.85 in the first nine months of 2025, an increase of 5.9% from $2.69 in the comparable period of 2024. The increase in net income for 2025 was primarily due to an increase to net interest income of $18.8 million, or 13.0%, and a decrease in the provision for credit losses of $1.3 million, or 9.6%. Offsetting these positive contributions was a decrease in noninterest income of $9.6 million, or 21.3%, and an increase in noninterest expense of $3.7 million, or 3.9%. Pretax pre-provision earnings, a non-GAAP measure calculated by adding net interest income to noninterest income and subtracting noninterest expense, were $101.0 million in the first nine months of 2025, an increase of $5.5 million, or 5.8%, compared to $95.5 million for the comparable period of 2024. Core operational profitability, a non-GAAP measure that excludes the impact of certain non-routine operating events that occurred during 2024, improved by $8.3 million, or 12.7%, from $65.2 million to $73.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively.
Return on average total equity was 13.96% in the first nine months of 2025 versus 14.21% in the comparable period of 2024. Return on average total assets was 1.44% in the first nine months of 2025 versus 1.40% for the comparable period of 2024. The Company's average equity to average assets ratio was 10.29% in the first nine months of 2025 versus 9.84% in the comparable period of 2024.
Net income in the third quarter of 2025 was $26.4 million, an increase of $3.1 million, or 13.1%, from $23.3 million for the comparable period of 2024. Diluted earnings per common share was $1.03 in the third quarter of 2025, an increase of 13.2% from $0.91 in the comparable period of 2024. The increase was driven primarily by an increase in net interest income of $6.8 million, or 13.8%, a decrease in provision for credit losses of $1.1 million, or 34.6% and an increase in noninterest income of $1.0 million, or 8.7%. Offsetting these positive contributions was an increase in noninterest expense of $4.6 million, or 15.0%. Pretax pre-provision earnings in the third quarter of 2025 were $34.1 million, an increase of $3.3 million, or 10.6%, compared to $30.8 million for the comparable period of 2024.
Return on average total equity was 14.60% in the third quarter of 2025 versus 13.85% in the comparable period of 2024. Return on average total assets was 1.53% in the third quarter of 2025 versus 1.39% in the comparable period of 2024. The average equity to average assets ratio was 10.47% in the third quarter of 2025 versus 10.07% in the comparable period of 2024.

The Company’s tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, was 10.79% at September 30, 2025, improved from 10.47% at September 30, 2024 and 10.19% at December 31, 2024. Unrealized losses from available-for-sale investment securities were $159.9 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $154.5 million at September 30, 2024 and $191.1 million at December 31, 2024. When excluding the impact of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") on tangible common equity and tangible assets, the Company's adjusted tangible common equity to adjusted tangible assets ratio, which is a non-GAAP financial measure, was 12.57% at September 30, 2025, improved from 12.29% at September 30, 2024 and 12.37% at December 31, 2024.
Total assets were $6.895 billion as of September 30, 2025 versus $6.678 billion as of December 31, 2024, an increase of $216.7 million, or 3.2%. Balance sheet expansion was driven by increases to total loans, net of the allowance for credit losses, which increased $148.5 million, or 3.0%, available-for-sale securities, which increased $40.5 million, or 4.1%, and cash and cash equivalents, which increased $24.6 million, or 14.6%. The balance sheet expansion from December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025 was funded by an increase in total deposits of $123.4 million, or 2.1%, and borrowings of $56.2 million. Total equity increased $63.6 million, or 9.3%, from $683.9 million at December 31, 2024 to $747.5 million at September 30, 2025. Retained earnings increased $34.9 million, or 4.7%, primarily as a result of net income of $73.5 million less dividends declared and paid of $38.6 million and an improvement in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) of $25.8 million.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company’s accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
Certain of the Company’s accounting policies are important to the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition, since they require management to make difficult, complex or subjective judgments, some of which may relate to matters that
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are inherently uncertain. Estimates associated with these policies are susceptible to material changes as a result of changes in facts and circumstances. Some of the facts and circumstances which could affect these judgments include changes in interest rates, in the performance of the economy or in the financial condition of borrowers. Management believes that its critical accounting policies include determining the allowance for credit losses. See “Note 4 – Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality” for more information on this critical accounting policy.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
Selected income statement information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 is presented in the following table:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands)2025202420252024
Income Statement Summary:
Net interest income (A)$56,073 49,273 $163,824 $144,985 
Provision for credit losses2,000 3,059 11,800 13,059 
Noninterest income (B)12,954 11,917 35,368 44,968 
Noninterest expense (C)34,965 30,393 98,160 94,431 
Other Data:
Efficiency ratio (1)50.65 %49.67 %49.28 %49.71 %
Diluted EPS$1.03 $0.91 $2.85 $2.69 
Average Equity/Average Assets10.47 %10.07 %10.29 %9.84 %
Tangible capital ratio (2)10.79 10.47 10.79 10.47 
Adjusted tangible capital ratio (3)12.57 12.29 12.57 12.29 
Net charge-offs to average loans0.03 0.01 0.76 0.04 
  Net interest margin3.50 3.16 3.44 3.16 
Noninterest income to total revenue18.77 19.48 17.76 23.67 
Pretax pre-provision earnings (4)$34,062 $30,797 $101,032 $95,522 

(1)Noninterest expense (C) / (Net interest income (A) + Noninterest income (B)) = Efficiency Ratio
(2)Non-GAAP financial measure. Calculated by subtracting intangible assets, net of deferred tax, from total assets and total equity. Management believes this is an important measure because it is useful for planning and forecasting purposes. See reconciliation on the following pages.
(3)Non-GAAP financial measure. Calculated by removing the fair market value adjustment impact of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") from tangible equity and tangible assets. Management believes this is an important measure because it provides better comparability to periods preceding the recent increase in prevailing interest rates and demonstrates long-term trends capital strength. See reconciliation on the following pages.
(4)Non-GAAP financial measure. Pretax pre-provision earnings is calculated by adding net interest income to noninterest income and subtracting noninterest expense. Management believes this is an important measure because it may enable investors to identify the trends in the Company's earnings exclusive of the effects of tax and provision expense, which may vary significantly from period to period. See reconciliation on the following pages.


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The Company believes that providing non-GAAP financial measures provides investors with information useful to understanding the Company's financial performance.
Tangible common equity, adjusted tangible common equity, tangible assets, adjusted tangible assets, tangible book value per common share, tangible common equity to tangible assets, adjusted tangible common equity to adjusted tangible assets, and pretax pre-provision earnings are non-GAAP financial measures calculated based on GAAP amounts. Tangible common equity is calculated by excluding the balance of goodwill and other intangible assets from the calculation of equity, net of deferred tax. Tangible assets are calculated by excluding the balance of goodwill and other intangible assets from the calculation of total assets, net of deferred tax. Adjusted tangible assets and adjusted tangible common equity remove the fair market value adjustment impact of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI"). Tangible book value per common share is calculated by dividing tangible common equity by the number of shares outstanding less true treasury stock. Pretax pre-provision earnings is calculated by adding net interest income to noninterest income and subtracting noninterest expense. Because not all companies use the same calculation of tangible common equity and tangible assets, this presentation may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures calculated by other companies. However, management considers these measures of the Company’s value meaningful to understanding of the Company’s financial information and performance.
A reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures is provided below.
As of and For TheAs of and For The
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)2025202420252024
Total Equity$747,503 $699,181 $747,503 $699,181 
Less: Goodwill(4,970)(4,970)(4,970)(4,970)
Plus: Deferred Tax Assets Related to Goodwill1,167 1,167 1,167 1,167 
Tangible Common Equity (A)743,700 695,378 743,700 695,378 
Market Value Adjustment in AOCI140,165 137,435 140,165 137,435 
Adjusted Tangible Common Equity (C)883,865 832,813 883,865 832,813 
Total Assets$6,895,028 $6,645,371 $6,895,028 $6,645,371 
Less: Goodwill(4,970)(4,970)(4,970)(4,970)
Plus: Deferred Tax Assets Related to Goodwill1,167 1,167 1,167 1,167 
Tangible Assets (B)6,891,225 6,641,568 6,891,225 6,641,568 
Market Value Adjustment in AOCI140,165 137,435 140,165 137,435 
Adjusted Tangible Assets (D)7,031,390 6,779,003 7,031,390 6,779,003 
Ending Common Shares Issued (E)25,704,243 25,684,916 25,704,243 25,684,916 
Tangible Book Value per Common Share (A/E)$28.93 $27.07 $28.93 $27.07 
Tangible Capital Ratio (A/B)10.79 %10.47 %10.79 %10.47 %
Adjusted Tangible Capital Ratio (C/D)12.57 %12.29 %12.57 %12.29 %
Net Interest Income$56,073 $49,273 $163,824 $144,985 
Plus: Noninterest Income12,954 11,917 35,368 44,968 
Minus: Noninterest Expense(34,965)(30,393)(98,160)(94,431)
Pretax Pre-Provision Earnings$34,062 $30,797 $101,032 $95,522 


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Adjusted core noninterest income, adjusted core noninterest expense, adjusted earnings before income taxes, core operational profitability, core operational diluted earnings per common share and adjusted core efficiency ratio are non-GAAP financial measures calculated based on GAAP amounts. These adjusted amounts are calculated by excluding the impact of the net gain on Visa shares, legal accrual and insurance recovery for the periods presented below. Management considers these measures of financial performance to be meaningful to understanding the Company’s core business performance for these periods.
A reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures is provided below.
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)Sep. 30, 2025Sep. 30, 2024Sep. 30, 2025Sep. 30, 2024
Noninterest Income$12,954 $11,917 $35,368 $44,968 
Less: Net (Gain) Loss on Visa Shares0 15 0 (8,996)
Less: Insurance Recovery0 0 (1,000)
Adjusted Core Noninterest Income$12,954 $11,932 $35,368 $34,972 
Noninterest Expense$34,965 $30,393 $98,160 $94,431 
Less: Legal Accrual0 0 (4,537)
Adjusted Core Noninterest Expense$34,965 $30,393 $98,160 $89,894 
Earnings Before Income Taxes$32,062 $27,738 $89,232 $82,463 
Adjusted Core Impact:
Noninterest Income0 15 0 (9,996)
Noninterest Expense0 0 4,537 
Total Adjusted Core Impact0 15 0 (5,459)
Adjusted Earnings Before Income Taxes32,062 27,753 89,232 77,004 
Tax Effect(5,658)(4,404)(15,777)(11,817)
Core Operational Profitability (1)$26,404 $23,349 $73,455 $65,187 
Diluted Earnings Per Common Share$1.03 $0.91 $2.85 $2.69 
Impact of Adjusted Core Items0.00 0.00 0.00 (0.16)
Core Operational Diluted Earnings Per Common Share$1.03 $0.91 $2.85 $2.53 
Adjusted Core Efficiency Ratio50.65 %49.66 %49.28 %49.95 %
(1)     Core operational profitability was $11,000 higher than reported net income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and $4.1 million lower for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.
Net Income
Net income was $73.5 million in the first nine months of 2025, which increased $4.2 million, or 6.0%, from $69.3 million for the comparable period of 2024. Diluted earnings per common share was $2.85 in the first nine months of 2025, an increase of 5.9% from $2.69 in the comparable period of 2024. The increase in net income for the first nine months of 2025 was primarily due to an increase to net interest income of $18.8 million, or 13.0%, and a decrease in the provision for credit losses of $1.3 million, or 9.6%. Offsetting these positive contributions was a decrease to noninterest income of $9.6 million, or 21.3%, and an increase in noninterest expense of $3.7 million, or 3.9%. Core operational profitability, a non-GAAP measure that excludes the impact of certain non-routine operating events that occurred during 2024, improved by $8.3 million, or 12.7%, from $65.2 million to $73.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively.
Net income during the third quarter of 2025 was $26.4 million, an improvement of 13.1% from $23.3 million for the comparable period of 2024. Diluted earnings per common share was $1.03 in the third quarter of 2025, an increase of 13.2% from $0.91 in the comparable period of 2024. The increase was driven primarily by an increase in net interest income of $6.8 million, or 13.8%, a decrease in the provision for credit losses of $1.1 million, or 34.6%, and an increase in noninterest income
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of $1.0 million, or 8.7%. Offsetting these positive contributions was an increase in noninterest expense of $4.6 million, or 15.0%.
Net Interest Income
The following tables set forth consolidated information regarding average balances and rates:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20252024
(fully tax equivalent basis, dollars in thousands)Average BalanceInterest IncomeYield (1)/
Rate
Average BalanceInterest IncomeYield (1)/
Rate
Earning Assets
Loans:
Taxable (2)(3)$5,181,704 $251,648 6.49 %$4,982,891 $252,386 6.77 %
Tax exempt (1)25,501 1,074 5.63 40,665 2,267 7.45 
Investments:
Securities (1)1,129,664 25,199 2.98 1,135,304 23,987 2.82 
Short-term investments2,863 83 3.88 2,796 103 4.92 
Interest bearing deposits158,511 5,049 4.26 119,021 4,618 5.18 
Total earning assets$6,498,243 $283,053 5.82 %$6,280,677 $283,361 6.03 %
Less:  Allowance for credit losses(82,671)(76,003)
Nonearning Assets
Cash and due from banks66,766 65,608 
Premises and equipment62,079 58,695 
Other nonearning assets295,345 289,125 
Total assets$6,839,762 $6,618,102 
Interest Bearing Liabilities
Savings deposits$284,797 $127 0.06 %$288,283 $141 0.07 %
Interest bearing checking accounts3,662,917 90,955 3.32 3,206,452 97,511 4.06 
Time deposits:
In denominations under $100,000208,872 5,255 3.36 218,755 5,702 3.48 
In denominations over $100,000595,367 17,678 3.97 814,034 27,729 4.55 
Short-term borrowings54,706 1,888 4.61 88,605 3,720 5.61 
Long-term borrowings888 0 0.00 0.00 
Total interest bearing liabilities$4,807,547 $115,903 3.22 %$4,616,129 $134,803 3.90 %
Noninterest Bearing Liabilities
Demand deposits1,248,876 1,249,710 
Other liabilities79,775 100,806 
Stockholders' Equity703,564 651,457 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$6,839,762 $6,618,102 
Interest Margin Recap
Interest income/average earning assets283,053 5.82 %283,361 6.03 %
Interest expense/average earning assets115,903 2.38 134,803 2.87 
Net interest income and margin$167,150 3.44 %$148,558 3.16 %
(1)Tax exempt income was converted to a fully taxable equivalent basis at a 21 percent tax rate. The tax equivalent rate for tax exempt loans and tax exempt securities acquired after January 1, 1983 included the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (“TEFRA”) adjustment applicable to nondeductible interest expenses. Taxable equivalent basis adjustments were $3.3 million and $3.6 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
(2)Loan fees, which are immaterial in relation to total taxable loan interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, are included as taxable loan interest income.
(3)Nonaccrual loans are included in the average balance of taxable loans.
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Three Months Ended September 30,
20252024
(fully tax equivalent basis, dollars in thousands)Average BalanceInterest IncomeYield (1)/
Rate
Average BalanceInterest IncomeYield (1)/
Rate
Earning Assets
Loans:
Taxable (2)(3)$5,180,847 $85,490 6.55 %$5,037,855 $86,118 6.80 %
Tax exempt (1)24,986 354 5.62 26,493 366 5.50 
Investments:
Securities (1)1,127,094 8,444 2.97 1,128,705 7,871 2.77 
Short-term investments2,795 27 3.83 2,841 35 4.90 
Interest bearing deposits156,918 1,679 4.25 133,393 1,738 5.18 
Total earning assets$6,492,640 95,994 5.87 %$6,329,287 96,128 6.04 %
Less:  Allowance for credit losses(67,115)(81,353)
Nonearning Assets
Cash and due from banks62,671 63,744 
Premises and equipment64,391 59,493 
Other nonearning assets298,084 285,293 
Total assets$6,850,671 $6,656,464 
Interest Bearing Liabilities
Savings deposits$284,553 $41 0.06 %$280,180 $45 0.06 %
Interest bearing checking accounts3,731,706 31,382 3.34 3,295,911 33,822 4.08 
Time deposits:
In denominations under $100,000204,997 1,678 3.25 215,020 1,914 3.54 
In denominations over $100,000563,920 5,345 3.76 844,882 9,775 4.60 
Short-term borrowings31,739 368 4.60 13,752 189 5.48 
Long-term borrowings1,200 0 0.00 0.00 
Total interest bearing liabilities$4,818,115 $38,814 3.20 %$4,649,745 $45,745 3.91 %
Noninterest Bearing Liabilities
Demand deposits1,244,381 1,244,184 
Other liabilities70,747 92,375 
Stockholders' Equity717,428 670,160 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$6,850,671 $6,656,464 
Interest Margin Recap
Interest income/average earning assets95,994 5.87 %96,128 6.04 %
Interest expense/average earning assets38,814 2.37 45,745 2.88 
Net interest income and margin$57,180 3.50 %$50,383 3.16 %
(1)Tax exempt income was converted to a fully taxable equivalent basis at a 21 percent tax rate. The tax equivalent rate for tax exempt loans and tax exempt securities acquired after January 1, 1983 included the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (“TEFRA”) adjustment applicable to nondeductible interest expenses. Taxable equivalent basis adjustments were $1.1 million and $1.1 million in the three-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.
(2)Loan fees, which are immaterial in relation to total taxable loan interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, are included as taxable loan interest income.
(3)Nonaccrual loans are included in the average balance of taxable loans.
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Net interest income, on a fully tax equivalent basis, increased $18.6 million, or 12.5%, to $167.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $148.6 million for the first nine months of 2024. The increase in net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis was driven by a decrease in deposit interest expense of $17.1 million, or 13.0%, from $131.1 million to $114.0 million. Borrowings expense declined by $1.8 million, or 49.2%. Securities interest income contributed further to the increase in fully tax equivalent net interest income, increasing by $1.2 million, or 5.1%. A decline in loan interest income negatively impacted fully tax equivalent net interest income, decreasing $1.9 million, or 0.8%, from $254.7 million to $252.7 million between the two periods, due primarily to the decline in interest income from variable rate loans that resulted from the decline in interest rates.
Total average earning assets were $6.498 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $217.6 million, or 3.5%, compared to $6.281 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Average loans outstanding drove the increase to total average earning assets, increasing $183.6 million, or 3.7%, to $5.207 billion from $5.024 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Offsetting this increase was a decrease to average investment securities of $5.6 million, or 0.5%, to $1.130 billion from $1.135 billion between the respective periods. Total average interest bearing liabilities were $4.808 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $191.4 million, or 4.1%, from $4.616 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This increase was driven by growth in average interest bearing deposits of $224.4 million, or 5.0%, from $4.528 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to $4.752 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Offsetting the increase to average interest bearing deposits was a decrease in total average borrowings of $33.0 million, or 37.3%, to $55.6 million from $88.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Noninterest bearing demand deposits decreased $834,000, or 0.1%, to $1.249 billion from $1.250 billion between the two periods.
The tax equivalent net interest margin was 3.44% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 3.16% during the first nine months of 2024, representing a 28 basis point expansion between the two periods. The net interest margin increase was primarily driven by a decrease to interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets, which decreased to 2.38% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, down from 2.87% for the comparable period of 2024, or a decrease of 49 basis points. This decline was attributable to a decrease in the rate for total interest bearing liabilities of 68 basis points from 3.90% to 3.22% between the respective periods. These decreases were driven by reduced costs associated with the repricing of the Company's interest bearing deposits and borrowings as a result of monetary policy easing from the Federal Reserve Bank. The decrease in the rate for interest bearing liabilities was driven by a decrease in the average rate for interest bearing deposits of 66 basis points, from 3.87% to 3.21%. Contributing further to the reduction in the rate for interest bearing liabilities was a reduction in the average borrowings rate, which declined 107 basis points from 5.61% to 4.54%. The Company anticipates the cost of funds would continue to respond favorably to any further monetary policy easing by the Federal Reserve Bank.

The improvement in interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets was offset by a 21 basis point reduction in interest income as a percentage of average earning assets, which declined from 6.03% to 5.82%. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decline in average loan yields, which decreased 28 basis points to 6.49% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, down from 6.77% for the comparable period of 2024. This decrease was offset by an increase to investment securities yields, which increased 16 basis points from 2.82% to 2.98%. The Company expects that any continued easing of monetary policy by the Federal Reserve Bank, which commenced in September 2024, would exert downward pressure on loan yields as variable rate commercial loans reprice lower. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recorded a prepayment fee of $541,000 from the early payment of a fixed rate commercial loan, which was recorded as part of interest income. The prepayment fee benefited tax equivalent net interest margin by 1 basis point during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Net interest income, on a fully tax equivalent basis, increased by $6.8 million, or 13.5%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis was driven by a decrease in deposit interest expense of $7.1 million, or 15.6%, from $45.6 million to $38.4 million. Securities interest income increased $573,000, or 7.3%, from $7.8 million to $8.4 million between the two periods. A decline in loan interest income negatively impacted fully tax equivalent net interest income, decreasing $640,000, or 0.7%, from $86.5 million to $85.8 million. Borrowings expense increased $179,000, or 94.7%, from $189,000 to $368,000.
Total average earning assets were $6.493 billion for the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $163.4 million, or 2.6%, compared to $6.329 billion for the third quarter of 2024. The increase in average earning assets was driven by an increase in average loans of $141.5 million, or 2.8%, from $5.064 billion for the third quarter of 2024 to $5.206 billion for the third quarter of 2025. Average investment securities decreased $1.6 million, or 0.1%, from $1.129 billion for the third quarter of 2024 to $1.127 billion for the third quarter of 2025. Total average interest bearing liabilities were $4.818 billion for the third quarter of 2025, an increase of $168.4 million, or 3.6%, from $4.650 billion for the third quarter of 2024. This increase was driven by growth in interest bearing deposits of $149.2 million, or 3.2%, from $4.636 billion for the third quarter of 2024 to $4.785 billion for the third quarter of 2025. Noninterest bearing demand deposits increased $197,000, or 0.2%, at $1.244 billion for the
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third quarter of 2025 and 2024. Average borrowings increased $19.2 million, or 139.5%, from $13.8 million for the third quarter of 2024 to $32.9 million for the third quarter of 2025.
The tax equivalent net interest margin expanded by 34 basis points, or 10.8%, to 3.50% for the third quarter of 2025, compared to 3.16% for the third quarter of 2024. The net interest margin expansion was primarily driven by a decrease in interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets, which decreased to 2.37% for the three months ended September 30, 2025, down from 2.88% for the comparable period of 2024, for a decrease of 51 basis points. This decrease was attributable to a decrease in the rate for total interest bearing liabilities of 71 basis points from 3.91% to 3.20% between the respective periods. This decrease was driven by reduced costs associated with the repricing of the Company's interest bearing deposits and borrowings as a result of monetary policy easing from the Federal Reserve Bank. The average rate for interest bearing deposits declined 72 basis points from 3.91% to 3.19%. Contributing further to the reduction in the rate for interest bearing liabilities was a reduction in the average borrowings rate, which declined 105 basis points from 5.48% to 4.43%. The improvement in interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets was offset by a 17 basis point reduction in interest income as a percentage of average earning assets, which declined from 6.04% for the third quarter of 2024 to 5.87% for the third quarter of 2025. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in loan yields, which decreased 25 basis points from 6.79% to 6.54% between the two periods. This decrease was offset by an increase to investment securities yields, which increased 20 basis points from 2.77% to 2.97% between the two periods.

Provision for Credit Losses
The Company recorded provision for credit losses expense of $11.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to provision expense of $13.1 million during the comparable period of 2024, a decrease of $1.3 million, or 9.6%. Net charge-offs were $29.6 million during the nine month period ended September 30, 2025, compared to $1.4 million during the comparable period of 2024, an increase of $28.2 million. The increase in net charge offs between the respective periods was attributable to a partial charge off related to a previously disclosed nonperforming credit for an industrial company in Northern Indiana. This credit was reserved for prior to the partial charge off.
The Company recorded provision expense of $2.0 million during the third quarter of 2025, compared to $3.1 million during the third quarter of 2024. Net charge-offs were $384,000 during the third quarter of 2025 compared to $143,000 during the third quarter of 2024.
Additional factors considered by management in determining provision expense included key loan quality metrics, reserve coverage of nonperforming loans, economic conditions in the Company’s markets, and changes in the facts and circumstances of watch list credits, which includes the security position of the borrower. Management’s overall view on current credit quality was also a factor in the determination of the provision for credit losses. The Company’s management continues to monitor the adequacy of the provision based on loan levels, asset quality, economic conditions and other factors that may influence the assessment of the collectability of loans.
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Noninterest Income

Noninterest income categories for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are shown in the following tables:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands)20252024Dollar ChangePercent Change
Wealth advisory fees$8,389 $7,770 $619 8.0 %
Investment brokerage fees1,559 1,438 121 8.4 
Service charges on deposit accounts8,522 8,332 190 2.3 
Loan and service fees9,309 8,855 454 5.1 
Merchant and interchange fee income2,568 2,653 (85)(3.2)
Bank owned life insurance income2,929 2,994 (65)(2.2)
Interest rate swap fee income20 20 100.0 
Mortgage banking income (loss)67 68 (1)(1.5)
Net securities gains (losses)0 (46)46 100.0 
Net gain (loss) on Visa shares0 8,996 (8,996)(100.0)
Other income2,005 3,908 (1,903)(48.7)
Total noninterest income$35,368 $44,968 $(9,600)(21.3)%
Noninterest income to total revenue17.76 %23.67 %
Three Months Ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands)20252024Dollar ChangePercent Change
Wealth advisory fees$2,855 $2,718 $137 5.0 %
Investment brokerage fees557 438 119 27.2 
Service charges on deposit accounts2,921 2,835 86 3.0 
Loan and service fees3,419 2,955 464 15.7 
Merchant and interchange fee income892 898 (6)(0.7)
Bank owned life insurance income1,567 1,068 499 46.7 
Mortgage banking income (loss)(6)(7)(14.3)
Net gain (loss) on Visa shares0 (15)15 (100.0)
Other income749 1,027 (278)(27.1)
Total noninterest income$12,954 $11,917 $1,037 8.7 %
Noninterest income to total revenue18.77 %19.48 %
Noninterest income decreased by $9.6 million, or 21.3%, to $35.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $45.0 million for the prior year nine-month period. Noninterest income was elevated during the first nine months of 2024 as compared to the comparable period of 2025 primarily because of the net gain on Visa shares of $9.0 million and a $1.0 million insurance recovery. Adjusted core noninterest income, a non-GAAP financial measure that excludes the impact of these non-routine events, improved $396,000, or 1.1%, to $35.4 million from $35.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Wealth advisory fees improved $619,000, or 8.0%, loan and service fees improved $454,000, or 5.1%, service charges on deposit accounts improved $190,000, or 2.3%, and investment brokerage fees improved $121,000, or 8.4%. The increase to wealth advisory fees was driven by continued growth in customers and assets under management. Loan and service fees income benefitted from the recognition of a loan syndication fee in Indianapolis. Investment brokerage fees was driven higher by increased volume and commissions on product mix. Other income decreased $1.9 million, or 48.7%. Other income during the first nine months of 2024 benefited from the $1.0 million insurance recovery. Additionally, reduced limited partnership investment income further contributed to the decline between the periods.

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The Company’s noninterest income increased $1.0 million, or 8.7%, to $13.0 million for the third quarter of 2025, compared to $11.9 million for the third quarter of 2024. Loan and service fees income increased $464,000, or 15.7%, wealth advisory fees increased $137,000, or 5.0%, and investment brokerage fees increased $119,000, or 27.2%. Bank owned life insurance income increased $499,000, or 46.7%, from increased income from additional general account policies purchased in 2025 and from improved market performance of the bank's variable owned life insurance policies, which correlate to returns in the equities markets. Offsetting these increases was a decrease to other income of $278,000, or 27.1%, primarily driven by reduced limited partnership investment income.
Noninterest Expense
Noninterest expense categories for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are shown in the following tables:
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands)20252024Dollar ChangePercent Change
Salaries and employee benefits$55,412 $49,467 $5,945 12.0 %
Net occupancy expense5,604 5,159 445 8.6 
Equipment costs4,294 4,207 87 2.1 
Data processing fees and supplies12,533 11,419 1,114 9.8 
Corporate and business development4,129 4,015 114 2.8 
FDIC insurance and other regulatory fees2,517 2,571 (54)(2.1)
Professional fees5,812 6,675 (863)(12.9)
Other expense7,859 10,918 (3,059)(28.0)
Total noninterest expense$98,160 $94,431 $3,729 3.9 %
Efficiency ratio49.28 %49.71 %
Three Months Ended
September 30,
(dollars in thousands)20252024Dollar ChangePercent Change
Salaries and employee benefits$20,414 $16,476 $3,938 23.9 %
Net occupancy expense1,877 1,721 156 9.1 
Equipment costs1,475 1,452 23 1.6 
Data processing fees and supplies4,116 3,768 348 9.2 
Corporate and business development1,563 1,369 194 14.2 
FDIC insurance and other regulatory fees878 966 (88)(9.1)
Professional fees1,726 2,089 (363)(17.4)
Other expense2,916 2,552 364 14.3 
Total noninterest expense$34,965 $30,393 $4,572 15.0 %
Efficiency ratio50.65 %49.67 %
Noninterest expense increased by $3.7 million, or 3.9%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 to $98.2 million compared to $94.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Salaries and employee benefits expense increased $5.9 million, or 12.0%, due to performance-based incentive compensation accruals of $3.8 million, salaries and wages of $2.3 million, and health insurance of $385,000. Offsetting these increases was a decrease in variable deferred compensation expense of $549,000. Data processing fees and supplies expense increased $1.1 million, or 9.8%, and net occupancy expense increased $445,000, or 8.6%. The increase to data processing fees and supplies expense was driven by continued investment in customer-facing and operational technology solutions. Net occupancy expense increased due to the continued expansion of the Bank's physical branch network, with the Bank's 55th branch location opening in Westfield, Indiana, during the third quarter. Offsetting these increases was a decrease to other expense of $3.1 million, or 28.0%, and a decrease in professional fees of $863,000, or 12.9%. Adjusted core noninterest expense, a non-GAAP financial measure, increased $8.3 million, or 9.2%, to $98.2 million from $89.9 million at September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Noninterest expense increased $4.6 million, or 15.0%, to $35.0 million for the third quarter of 2025, compared to $30.4 million during the third quarter of 2024. Salaries and benefits expense increased by $3.9 million, or 23.9%, primarily the result of increased accruals related to performance-based incentive compensation plans. Other expense increased by $364,000, or 14.3%, was driven by semi-annual stock-based compensation awards to directors, which are paid in January and July. Data
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and processing fees and supplies expense increased $348,000, or 9.2%. Corporate and business development expense increased $194,000, or 14.2%, due to increased advertising spending, corporate development expenses, and charitable and community-driven contributions. Net occupancy expense expanded by $156,000, or 9.1%. Offsetting these increases was a decrease to professional fees of $363,000, or 17.4%.

The Company's income tax expense increased $2.6 million, or 19.7%, to $15.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $13.2 million for the same period in 2024. The effective tax rate was 17.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 16.0% for the comparable period of 2024, driven by a reduction in the tax benefit recognized from stock-based compensation vesting of shares for plan participants.
On July 4, 2025, the United States enacted tax reform legislation through the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which changes existing U.S. tax laws, including extending or making permanent certain provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and repealing certain clean energy initiatives, in addition to other changes. The Company anticipates an insignificant impact to deferred tax assets and liabilities and to income taxes payable in the period of enactment. The Company continues to evaluate the impact the new legislation will have on the consolidated financial statements.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Overview
Total assets were $6.895 billion as of September 30, 2025 versus $6.678 billion as of December 31, 2024, an increase of $216.7 million, or 3.2%. Balance sheet expansion was driven by increases to total loans, net of the allowance for credit losses, which increased $148.5 million, or 3.0%, available-for-sale securities, which increased $40.5 million, or 4.1%, and cash and cash equivalents, which increased $24.6 million, or 14.6%. The balance sheet expansion from December 31, 2024 to September 30, 2025 was funded by an increase in total deposits of $123.4 million, or 2.1% and borrowings of $56.2 million. The increase in total deposits was driven by an increase in interest bearing deposits of $152.6 million, or 3.3%, and was offset by a decrease in noninterest bearing deposits of $29.2 million, or 2.3%. Total equity increased $63.6 million, or 9.3%, from $683.9 million at December 31, 2024 to $747.5 million at September 30, 2025. Retained earnings increased $34.9 million, or 4.7%, as a result of net income of $73.5 million less dividends declared and paid of $38.6 million and an improvement in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) of $25.8 million.
Uses of Funds
Total Cash and Cash Equivalents
Total cash and cash equivalents increased by $24.6 million, or 14.6%, to $192.8 million at September 30, 2025, from $168.2 million at December 31, 2024. Cash and cash equivalents include short-term investments. The fluctuation in cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2025 was driven by an increase in interest bearing short-term investment accounts of $28.9 million, or 29.9%, which were deposited primarily at the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. Cash and due from banks decreased $4.2 million, or 5.9%.
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Investment Portfolio
The amortized cost and the fair value of securities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:
September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
(dollars in thousands)Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Available-for-Sale
U.S Treasury securities$5,011 $5,001 $$
U.S government sponsored agencies139,611 117,067 137,150 109,435 
Mortgage-backed securities: residential504,570 448,208 500,278 422,409 
State and municipal securities542,672 461,662 545,073 459,582 
Total available-for-sale$1,191,864 $1,031,938 $1,182,501 $991,426 
Held-to-Maturity
State and municipal securities$132,799 $113,804 $131,568 $113,107 
Total Investment Portfolio$1,324,663 $1,145,742 $1,314,069 $1,104,533 
At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government agencies and government sponsored entities, in an amount greater than 10% of stockholders’ equity. Management is aware that the directional change in the fair value of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio is inversely related to the directional movement of the interest rate environment, with the resulting impact being reflected in the unrealized gain (loss) of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio. Since the majority of the bonds in the investment portfolio are fixed-rate, with only a few adjustable-rate bonds, we would expect our investment portfolio to follow this market value pattern. This is taken into consideration when evaluating the gain or loss of investment securities in the portfolio and the potential for an allowance for credit losses.
Purchases of available-for-sale securities were $60.3 million in the first nine months of 2025. Investment securities represented 16.9% of total assets on September 30, 2025, compared to 16.8% of total assets on December 31, 2024. The Company anticipates receiving principal and interest cash flows of approximately $34.1 million during the remainder of 2025 from the investment securities portfolio and plans to use that liquidity to fund loan growth as well as to fund reinvestments to the investment securities portfolio. Tax equivalent adjusted effective duration for the investment securities portfolio was 5.8 years at September 30, 2025 and 6.0 years at December 31, 2024. Paydowns from prepayments and scheduled payments of $48.1 million were received in the first nine months of 2025, and the amortization of premiums, net of the accretion of discounts, was $3.0 million. There were no sales of available-for-sale investment securities in the first nine months of 2025. No allowance for credit losses was recognized for available-for-sale or held-to-maturity securities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
The fair value of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio as of September 30, 2025 included net unrealized losses of $159.9 million, compared to net unrealized losses of $191.1 million as of December 31, 2024. Unrealized losses in the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio resulted from the declines in market values of the investment securities resulting from the rise in interest rates.

The investment portfolio is managed by a third-party firm to provide for an appropriate balance between liquidity, credit risk, interest rate risk management and investment return and to limit the Company’s exposure to credit risk in the investment securities portfolio. The Company does not trade or invest in or sponsor certain unregistered investment companies defined as hedge funds and private equity funds under what is commonly referred to as the “Volcker Rule” of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.
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Real Estate Mortgage Loans Held-for-Sale
Real estate mortgage loans held-for-sale decreased by $975,000, or 57.4%, to $725,000 at September 30, 2025, from $1.7 million at December 31, 2024. The balance of this asset category is subject to a high degree of variability depending on, among other factors, recent mortgage loan rates and the timing of loan sales into the secondary market. The Company generally sells conforming qualifying mortgage loans it originates on the secondary market. Proceeds from sales of residential mortgages totaled $16.2 million in the first nine months of 2025, compared to $12.7 million in the first nine months of 2024. Management expects the volume of loans originated for sale in the secondary market to increase if long-term interest rates decline from current levels. Demand for mortgage loans has been impacted by elevated interest rates, limited housing inventory and existing home owners locked in at historically low rates. Mortgage loans serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The unpaid principal balances of loans serviced for others were $299.0 million and $313.0 million, as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Loan Portfolio
The loan portfolio by portfolio segment as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is summarized as follows:
(dollars in thousands)September 30,
2025
December 31,
2024
Current Period Change
Commercial and industrial loans$1,518,016 28.9 %$1,450,865 28.3 %$67,151 
Commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans2,655,250 50.6 2,592,520 50.6 62,730 
Agri-business and agricultural loans339,972 6.5 387,396 7.6 (47,424)
Other commercial loans91,833 1.7 95,584 1.9 (3,751)
Consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans533,542 10.2 490,229 9.6 43,313 
Other consumer loans112,430 2.1 104,041 2.0 8,389 
Subtotal, gross loans5,251,043 100.0 %5,120,635 100.0 %130,408 
Less: Allowance for credit losses(68,168)(85,960)17,792 
Net deferred loan fees(2,424)(2,687)263 
Loans, net$5,180,451 $5,031,988 $148,463 
Total net loans, excluding real estate mortgage loans held-for-sale, increased by $148.5 million, or 3.0%, to $5.180 billion at September 30, 2025 from $5.032 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily driven by originations of loans concentrated in the commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate and multi-family residential loans and consumer 1-4 family mortgage loans categories and was offset by paydowns in the agri-business and agricultural loans segment, which traditionally experiences seasonal fluctuations in activity.
The following table summarizes the Company’s non-performing assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
(dollars in thousands)September 30,
2025
December 31,
2024
Nonaccrual loans$18,701 $56,431 
Loans past due over 90 days and still accruing7 28 
Total nonperforming loans18,708 56,459 
Other real estate owned284 284 
Repossessions82 143 
Total nonperforming assets$19,074 $56,886 
Individually analyzed loans$39,497 $78,647 
Nonperforming loans to total loans0.36 %1.10 %
Nonperforming assets to total assets0.28 %0.85 %

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Total nonperforming assets decreased by $37.8 million, or 66.5%, to $19.1 million during the nine month period ended September 30, 2025. The ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets decreased 57 basis points from 0.85% at December 31, 2024 to 0.28% at September 30, 2025. The decrease in nonperforming assets was driven by the $28.6 million partial charge off of a previously disclosed nonperforming loan to a northern Indiana industrial company.
A loan is individually analyzed when full payment under the original loan terms is not expected. The analysis for smaller loans that are similar in nature and which are not in nonaccrual or modified status, such as residential mortgage, consumer, and credit card loans, is determined based on the class of loans. If a loan is individually analyzed, a portion of the allowance may be allocated so that the loan is reported, net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Total individually analyzed loans decreased by $39.2 million, or 49.8%, to $39.5 million at September 30, 2025 from $78.6 million at December 31, 2024. The decrease to individually analyzed loans was primarily related to the previously disclosed partial loan charge off, which was fully allocated within the allowance for credit losses.
Loans are charged against the allowance for credit losses when management believes that the principal is uncollectible. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The allowance is an amount that management believes will be adequate to absorb current expected credit losses relating to specifically identified loans based on an evaluation of the loans by management, as well as other current expected losses in the loan portfolio. The evaluations take into consideration such factors as changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, overall portfolio quality, review of specific problem loans and current economic conditions that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay. Management also considers trends in adversely classified loans based upon a monthly review of those credits. General allowance is determined after considering the following factors: application of loss percentages using a probability of default/loss given default approach subject to a floor, emerging market risk, commercial loan focus and large credit concentrations, new industry lending activity and current economic conditions. Federal regulations require insured institutions to classify their own assets on a regular basis. The regulations provide for three categories of classified loans: Substandard, Doubtful and Loss. The regulations also contain a Special Mention category. Special Mention applies to loans that do not currently expose an insured institution to a sufficient degree of risk to warrant classification as Substandard, Doubtful or Loss but do possess credit deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving management’s close attention. The Company’s policy is to establish a specific allowance for credit losses for any assets where management has identified conditions or circumstances that indicate an asset is nonperforming. If an asset or portion thereof is classified as a loss, the Company’s policy is to either establish specified allowances for credit losses in the amount of 100% of the portion of the asset classified loss or charge-off such amount.
At September 30, 2025, the allowance for credit losses was 1.30% of total loans, a decrease of 38 basis points from 1.68% at December 31, 2024. The decline was primarily attributed to the previously disclosed charge-off. At September 30, 2025, management believed the allowance for credit losses was at a level commensurate with the overall risk exposure of the loan portfolio. However, if economic conditions deteriorate, certain borrowers may experience difficulty and the level of nonperforming loans, charge-offs and delinquencies could rise and require increases in the allowance for credit losses. The process of identifying credit losses is a subjective process.
The Company has a relatively high percentage of commercial and commercial real estate loans, which are extended to businesses with a broad range of revenue and within a wide variety of industries. Traditionally, this type of lending may have more credit risk than other types of lending because of the size and diversity of the credits. The Company manages this risk by utilizing relatively conservative credit structures, by adjusting its pricing to the perceived risk of each individual credit and by diversifying the portfolio by customer, product, industry and market area. The Company has limited exposure to commercial office space borrowers, all of which are located in the Bank's Indiana markets. Loans totaling $107.4 million for this sector represented 2.1% of total loans at September 30, 2025. Additionally, commercial real estate loans secured by multi-family residential properties and secured by non-farm non-residential properties were approximately 213.1% of the Bank's risk-based capital at September 30, 2025. The Company continues to monitor the impact of tariffs on its borrowers.
As of September 30, 2025, based on management’s review of the loan portfolio, the Company had 97 credit relationships with principal balances totaling $157.2 million on the classified loan list versus 81 credit relationships with principal balances totaling $211.1 million as of December 31, 2024. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $111.0 million of assets classified as Special Mention, $46.2 million classified as Substandard, $97,000 classified as Doubtful and $0 classified as Loss as compared to $123.6 million, $44.0 million, $43.5 million and $0, respectively, at December 31, 2024. Watch list loans as a percentage of total loans were 3.00% as of September 30, 2025, down 113 basis points from 4.13% at December 31, 2024. In addition to the previously disclosed partial loan charge off, net paydowns and upgrades to other watch list credits further contributed to the decrease in classified loans between December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2025.
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Allowance estimates are developed by management after taking into account actual loss experience adjusted for current economic conditions and a reasonably supportable forecast period. The Company has annual discussions regarding this methodology with regulatory authorities. Allowance estimates are considered a prudent measurement of the risk in the Company’s loan portfolio based upon loan segment. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, the allowance is based on information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. For a more thorough discussion of the allowance for credit losses methodology see the "Critical Accounting Policies" section of this Item 2.
The allowance for credit losses decreased $17.8 million, or 20.7%, from $86.0 million at December 31, 2024 to $68.2 million at September 30, 2025. The decrease was primarily driven by net charge offs of $29.6 million, offset by provision for credit losses expense. Net charge offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 primarily consisted of the previously disclosed $28.6 million partial loan charge off. As the bulk of the Company’s lending activity is concentrated in the commercial loan portfolio, which can result in overall asset quality being influenced by a small number of credits, management has historically considered growth and portfolio composition when determining credit loss allocations.
Sources of Funds
The Company's sources of funds include a diversified deposit base gathered throughout the Company's footprint and includes a growing mix of commercial, retail and public funds deposit accounts. While the traditional base of core deposits represents the primary source of funding for the Company, the Company has access to a robust array of other liquidity sources, including secured borrowings available from the Federal Home Loan Bank and the Federal Reserve Bank Discount Window. In addition, the Company has access to unsecured borrowing capacity through long established relationships within the brokered deposit markets, Federal Funds lines from correspondent bank partners and Insured Cash Sweep (ICS) one-way buy funds available from the Intrafi network. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had access to $3.585 billion in unused liquidity available from these aggregate sources as compared to $3.681 billion at December 31, 2024.
The average daily deposits and borrowings together with average rates paid on those deposits and borrowings for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are summarized in the following table:
Nine months ended September 30,
20252024
(dollars in thousands)BalanceRateBalanceRate
Noninterest bearing demand deposits$1,248,876 0.00 %$1,249,710 0.00 %
Savings and transaction accounts:
Savings deposits284,797 0.06 288,283 0.07 
Interest bearing demand deposits3,662,917 3.32 3,206,452 4.06 
Time deposits:
Deposits of $100,000 or more595,367 3.97 814,034 4.55 
Other time deposits208,872 3.36 218,755 3.48 
Total deposits$6,000,829 2.54 %$5,777,234 3.03 %
FHLB advances and other borrowings55,594 4.54 88,605 5.61 
Total funding sources$6,056,423 2.56 %$5,865,839 3.07 %
Average total deposits were $6.001 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, an increase of $223.6 million, or 3.9%, from the comparable period in 2024. Average total borrowings were $55.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, a decrease of $33.0. million, or 37.3%, from the comparable period in 2024. Total average deposit costs decreased 49 basis points from 3.03% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, to 2.54% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. Total average borrowing costs decreased 107 basis points from 5.61% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 to 4.54% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. As a result, the total cost of funding sources decreased by 51 basis points from 3.07% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, to 2.56% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The decrease in the cost of funding sources between the two periods was attributable to easing of monetary policy by the Federal Reserve Bank which allowed deposit costs to reprice to lower levels and reduced the borrowings average rates.
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Deposits and Borrowings
As of September 30, 2025, total deposits increased by $123.4 million, or 2.1%, from December 31, 2024. Core deposits, which excludes brokered deposits, decreased by $10.7 million, or 0.2%, to $5.849 billion as of September 30, 2025 from $5.859 billion as of December 31, 2024. Total brokered deposits were $175.6 million at September 30, 2025, compared to $41.6 million at December 31, 2024, an increase of $134.1 million, or 322.6%.
The following table summarizes deposit composition at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
(dollars in thousands)September 30,
2025
Percentage of TotalDecember 31,
2024
Percentage of TotalCurrent
Period
Change
Retail$1,724,983 28.6 %$1,780,726 30.2 %$(55,743)
Commercial2,288,701 38.0 2,269,049 38.4 19,652 
Public funds1,834,987 30.5 1,809,631 30.7 25,356 
Core deposits$5,848,671 97.1 %$5,859,406 99.3 %$(10,735)
Brokered deposits175,647 2.9 41,560 0.7 134,087 
Total deposits$6,024,318 100.0 %$5,900,966 100.0 %$123,352 
On September 30, 2025, commercial deposits represented 38.0% of total deposits versus 38.4% at December 31, 2024. Retail deposits represented 28.6% at September 30, 2025 versus 30.2% at December 31, 2024. Public Funds deposits represented 30.5% at September 30, 2025 versus 30.7% at December 31, 2024. Brokered deposits represented 2.9% of total deposits at September 30, 2025 versus 0.7% at December 31, 2024. Commercial deposits expanded $19.7 million, or 0.9%, from $2.269 billion at December 31, 2024 to $2.289 billion at September 30, 2025; public funds deposits expanded $25.4 million, or 1.4%, from $1.810 billion at December 31, 2024 to $1.835 billion at September 30, 2025, due to growth in public funds customers in our footprint; and retail deposits contracted $55.7 million, or 3.1%, from $1.781 billion at December 31, 2024 to $1.725 billion at September 30, 2025.
Deposits not covered by FDIC deposit insurance were 57.0% as of September 30, 2025, versus 62.1% at December 31, 2024. Deposits not covered by FDIC deposit insurance or the Indiana Public Deposit Insurance Fund, which insures public fund deposits in Indiana, were 27.0% of total deposits as of September 30, 2025, versus 32.3% as of December 31, 2024. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, 97.9% and 98.0% of deposit accounts had deposit balances less than $250,000, respectively.
Capital
As of September 30, 2025, total stockholders’ equity was $747.5 million, an increase of $63.6 million, or 9.3%, from $683.9 million at December 31, 2024. The increase to total stockholders' equity was driven by net income of $73.5 million less dividends declared and paid of $38.6 million and an improvement of $25.8 million in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
The impact on equity for other comprehensive income (loss) is not included in regulatory capital. The banking regulators have established guidelines for leverage capital requirements, expressed in terms of Tier 1, or core capital, as a percentage of average assets, to measure the soundness of a financial institution. In addition, banking regulators have established risk-based capital guidelines for U.S. banking organizations. As of September 30, 2025, the Company's capital levels remained characterized as “well-capitalized”.
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The actual capital amounts and ratios of the Company and the Bank as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, are presented in the table below. Capital ratios for September 30, 2025 are preliminary until the Call Report and FR Y-9C are filed.
ActualMinimum Required For Capital Adequacy PurposesFor Capital Adequacy Purposes Plus Capital Conservation BufferMinimum Required to Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Regulations
(dollars in thousands)AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
As of September 30, 2025:
Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
Consolidated$951,402 16.22 %$469,250 8.00 %$615,891 N/AN/AN/A
Bank$945,313 16.12 %$469,150 8.00 %$615,759 10.50 %$586,437 10.00 %
Tier I Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
Consolidated$883,145 15.06 %$351,938 6.00 %$498,579 N/AN/AN/A
Bank$877,056 14.96 %$351,862 6.00 %$498,472 8.50 %$469,150 8.00 %
Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1)
Consolidated$883,145 15.06 %$263,953 4.50 %$410,594 N/AN/AN/A
Bank$877,056 14.96 %$263,897 4.50 %$410,506 7.00 %$381,184 6.50 %
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets)
Consolidated$883,145 12.56 %$281,287 4.00 %$281,287 N/AN/AN/A
Bank$877,056 12.48 %$281,084 4.00 %$281,084 4.00 %$351,355 5.00 %
As of December 31, 2024:
Total Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
Consolidated$917,769 15.90 %$461,847 8.00 %$606,175 N/AN/AN/A
Bank$909,232 15.76 %$461,612 8.00 %$605,866 10.50 %$577,015 10.00 %
Tier I Capital (to Risk Weighted Assets)
Consolidated$845,352 14.64 %$346,385 6.00 %$490,713 N/AN/AN/A
Bank$836,845 14.50 %$346,209 6.00 %$490,463 8.50 %$461,612 8.00 %
Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1)
Consolidated$845,352 14.64 %$259,789 4.50 %$404,116 N/AN/AN/A
Bank$836,845 14.50 %$259,657 4.50 %$403,911 7.00 %$375,060 6.50 %
Tier I Capital (to Average Assets)
Consolidated$845,352 12.15 %$278,369 4.00 %$278,369 N/AN/AN/A
Bank$836,845 12.03 %$278,240 4.00 %$278,240 4.00 %$347,800 5.00 %
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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This document (including information incorporated by reference) contains, and future oral and written statements of the Company and its management may contain, forward-looking statements, within the meaning of such term in the federal securities law. Forward-looking statements are not historical facts and are generally identifiable by the use of words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “possible,” “continue,” “plan,” “intend,” “estimate,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should” or other similar expressions. Additionally, all statements in this document, including forward-looking statements, speak only as of the date they are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any statement in light of new information or future events.
The Company’s ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain and, accordingly, the reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement made by the Company. Actual results could differ materially from those addressed in the forward-looking statements as a result of numerous factors, including, without limitation:
the effects of future economic, business and market conditions and changes, particularly in our Indiana market area, including prevailing interest rates and the rate of inflation;
governmental trade, monetary, tax and fiscal policies, including effects of the ongoing shutdown of the federal government;
the risks of changes in interest rates on the levels, composition and costs of deposits, loan demand and the values and liquidity of loan collateral, securities and other interest sensitive assets and liabilities;
changes in borrowers’ credit risks and payment behaviors;
the failure of assumptions and estimates used in our reviews of our loan portfolio, underlying the establishment of reserves for possible credit losses, our analysis of our capital position and other estimates;
the performance of our commercial real estate loan portfolio, including the effects of the elevated interest rate environment, the strength of the commercial real estate market in our Indiana markets, and recent changes in retail and office usage patterns;
risk of cybersecurity attacks that could result in damage to the Company's or third-party service providers' networks or data of the Company;
the timing and scope of any legislative and regulatory changes, including changes in banking, securities and tax laws and regulations and their application by our regulators;
the effects of competition from a wide variety of local, regional, national and other providers of financial, investment and insurance services;
the effects of war or other conflicts, acts of terrorism or other catastrophic events, including storms, droughts, tornados and flooding, that may affect general economic conditions, including agricultural production and demand and prices for agricultural goods and land used for agricultural purposes, generally and in our markets;
the effects of fraud by or affecting employees, customers or third parties;
the effects of disruption and volatility in capital markets on the value of our investment portfolio;
changes in the prices, values and sales volumes of residential real estate;
changes in the scope and cost of FDIC insurance, the state of Indiana’s Public Deposit Insurance Fund and other coverages;
the impact of litigation and other claims we may be subject to from time to time;
changes in the availability and cost of credit and capital in the financial markets;
changes in technology or products that may be more difficult or costly, or less effective than anticipated;
changes in accounting policies, rules and practices;
the risks related to mergers, acquisitions and divestitures, including, without limitation, the related time and costs of implementing such transactions, integrating operations as part of these transactions and possible failures to achieve expected gains, revenue growth and/or expense savings from such transactions; and
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the risks noted in the Risk Factors discussed under Item 1A of Part 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as well as other risks and uncertainties set forth from time to time in the Company’s other filings with the SEC.
These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements.
ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest rate risk represents the Company’s primary market risk exposure. The Company does not have a material exposure to foreign currency exchange risk, does not have a material amount of derivative financial instruments and does not maintain a trading portfolio. The use of financial derivatives is limited to the back-to-back swap program for borrowers. The Corporate Risk Committee of the Board of Directors annually reviews and approves the policy used to manage interest rate risk. The policy was last reviewed and approved in July 2025. The policy sets guidelines for balance sheet structure, which are designed to protect the Company from the impact that interest rate changes could have on net income but do not necessarily indicate the effect on future net interest income. The Company, through the Bank's Asset and Liability Committee, manages interest rate risk by monitoring the computer simulated earnings impact of various rate scenarios and general market conditions. The Company then modifies its long-term risk parameters by attempting to generate the types of loans, investments, and deposits that currently fit the Company’s needs, as determined by the Asset and Liability Committee. This computer simulation analysis measures the net interest income impact of various interest rate scenario changes during the next twelve months. The Company continually evaluates the assumptions used in the model. The current balance sheet structure is considered to be within acceptable risk levels.
Interest rate scenarios for the base, falling 300 basis points, falling 200 basis points, falling 100 basis points, falling 50 basis points, falling 25 basis points, rising 25 basis points, rising 50 basis points, rising 100 basis points, rising 200 basis points and rising 300 basis points are listed below based upon the Company’s rate sensitive assets and liabilities at September 30, 2025. The net interest income shown represents cumulative net interest income over a twelve-month time horizon. Balance sheet assumptions used for the base scenario are the same for the rising and falling simulations.
The base scenario is an annual calculation that is highly dependent on numerous assumptions embedded in the model. While the base sensitivity analysis incorporates management’s best estimate of interest rate and balance sheet dynamics under various market rate movements, the actual behavior and resulting earnings impact will likely differ from that projected. For certain assets, the base simulation model captures the expected prepayment behavior under changing interest rate environments. Assumptions and methodologies regarding the interest rate or balance behavior of indeterminate maturity core deposit products, such as savings, money market, NOW and demand deposits reflect management’s best estimate of expected future behavior.
(dollars in thousands)BaseFalling (300 Basis Points)Falling (200 Basis Points)Falling
(100 Basis
Points)
Falling
(50
Basis
Points)
Falling (25 
Basis
Points)
Rising (25 
Basis
Points)
Rising
(50 
Basis
Points)
Rising (100 Basis Points)Rising
(200 
Basis
Points)
Rising
(300 
Basis
Points)
Net interest income$238,093 $229,971 $233,937 $236,647 $237,556 $237,920 $238,220 $238,224 $238,200 $237,985 $237,658 
Variance from Base$(8,122)$(4,156)$(1,446)$(537)$(173)$127 $131 $107 $(108)$(435)
Percent of change from Base(3.41)%(1.75)%(0.61)%(0.23)%(0.07)%0.05 %0.06 %0.04 %(0.05)%(0.18)%
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ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As required by Rules 13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, management has evaluated, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) were effective as of September 30, 2025. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. These disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, there were no changes to the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect its internal control over financial reporting.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
There are no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or its subsidiaries is a party other than ordinary, routine litigation incidental to their respective businesses.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A of Part I of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Please refer to that section of the Company’s Form 10-K for disclosures regarding the risks and uncertainties related to the Company’s business.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PARTIES
On April 8, 2025, the Company's board of directors reauthorized and extended a share repurchase program through April 30, 2027, under which the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time as the Company deems appropriate, shares of the Company's common stock with an aggregate purchase price of up to $30.0 million. Repurchases may be made in the open market, through block trades or otherwise, and in privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares, and the program may be extended, modified, suspended or discontinued at any time.
There were no share repurchases under the plan during the third quarter of 2025, with $28.3 million of authorization remaining available under the plan. No shares were repurchased under the plan during the third quarter of 2025. The Company continues to evaluate the share repurchase program pursuant to its previously established criteria for utilization.
The following table provides information as of September 30, 2025 with respect to shares of common stock repurchased by the Company during the quarter then ended:
PeriodTotal Number of
Shares Purchased (a)
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or ProgramsMaximum Number (or Appropriate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (b)
July 1 - 312,105 $65.29 $28,305,044 
August 1 - 311,418 61.51 28,305,044 
September 1 - 300.00 28,305,044 
Total3,523 $63.77 $28,305,044 
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(a)The shares purchased during July and August were credited to the deferred share accounts of non-employee directors under the Company’s directors’ deferred compensation plan. These shares are held in treasury stock of the Company and were purchased in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice.
(b)The maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be repurchased under the current reauthorized program is $28.3 million.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
N/A
Item 5. Other Information
During the three months ended September 30, 2025, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
Item 6. Exhibits
31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
32.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101Interactive Data File
 
Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024; (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024; and (vi) Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
LAKELAND FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
Date: October 29, 2025
/s/ David M. Findlay
 David M. Findlay – Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Date: October 29, 2025
/s/ Lisa M. O’Neill
 Lisa M. O’Neill – Executive Vice President and
 Chief Financial Officer
 (principal financial officer)
Date: October 29, 2025
/s/ Brok A. Lahrman
 Brok A. Lahrman – Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer
 (principal accounting officer)
60

FAQ

What was LKFN’s Q3 2025 net income and EPS?

Net income was $26.4 million and diluted EPS was $1.03.

How did Lakeland Financial’s net interest income and expense change in Q3?

Net interest income rose to $56.1 million, while interest expense fell to $38.8 million.

What were LKFN’s deposits and loans as of September 30, 2025?

Deposits were $6.02 billion and loans were $5.18 billion.

What were LKFN’s credit costs in Q3 2025?

The provision for credit losses was $2.0 million.

What dividend did LKFN pay in the quarter?

The company paid a cash dividend of $0.50 per share.

How did stockholders’ equity and AOCI look at quarter-end?

Stockholders’ equity was $747.4 million and AOCI was $(140.7) million.

Did LKFN use wholesale funding in Q3?

Yes. Federal Home Loan Bank advances totaled $56.2 million.
Lakeland Finl Corp

NASDAQ:LKFN

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LKFN Stock Data

1.49B
24.80M
2.75%
86.63%
8.49%
Banks - Regional
State Commercial Banks
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United States
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