Geely-backed holders boost Polestar (PSNY) equity via major debt conversions

Rhea-AI Filing Summary

Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC’s major shareholders converted significant debt into new equity and updated their ownership positions. Geely Sweden Automotive Investment B.V. converted approximately $300 million of principal and interest into 15,511,892 Class A ADSs, while Snita Holding B.V. converted about $66 million into 3,864,300 Class A ADSs.

After these moves, Eric Li reports beneficial ownership of 99,358,168 shares, or 60.5% of the class, and Volvo-linked entities report stakes near 19.9%. The company also granted registration rights to GSAI B.V. for resales and amended a term loan facility, extending its maturity to June 30, 2027 and increasing the margin from 3.0% to 3.2%.

Insights

Capital structure analyst

Geely-affiliated holders convert Polestar debt to equity and extend funding.

The filing shows Geely-related entities converting approximately $300 million and $66 million of loan claims into 15,511,892 and 3,864,300 Class A ADSs. This shifts a portion of Polestar’s financing from debt to equity while keeping control with existing strategic backers.

A registration rights agreement obligates Polestar to register GSAI B.V.’s securities within defined SEC timelines, enabling potential secondary sales. Separately, an amended term loan extends the December 2025 facility to June 30, 2027 and raises the margin from 3.0% to 3.2%, modestly increasing borrowing costs but preserving committed funding.

Key Figures

Debt converted by GSAI B.V.: $300 million Debt converted by Snita Holding B.V.: $66 million Eric Li beneficial ownership: 99,358,168 shares (60.5%) +5 more

8 metrics

Debt converted by GSAI B.V. $300 million Converted into 15,511,892 Class A ADSs on June 30, 2026

Debt converted by Snita Holding B.V. $66 million Converted into 3,864,300 Class A ADSs on June 30, 2026

Eric Li beneficial ownership 99,358,168 shares (60.5%) Based on outstanding Polestar ADSs

Volvo Car Corporation stake 32,691,731 shares (19.9%) Beneficial ownership percentage of class

Class A ADSs outstanding 163,283,710 ADSs Used as basis for ownership percentages

Class B ADSs outstanding 996,419 ADSs Included in ownership calculations

Term facility margin change 3.0% to 3.2% Applies from next interest period after General Effective Date

Registration filing deadline 90 days Deadline to file resale registration for GSAI B.V. securities

Key Terms

Class A American Depositary Shares, beneficially owned, Registration Rights Agreement, Term Facility Agreement, +2 more

6 terms

Class A American Depositary Shares financial

"Title of Class of Securities: Class A American Depositary Shares, Class A Ordinary Shares"

beneficially owned financial

"Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:"

Beneficially owned describes securities or assets where a person has the economic rights and control—such as the right to receive dividends and to direct voting—even if legal title is held in another name. Think of it like having the keys and using a car that’s registered to someone else: you get the benefits and make decisions. Investors care because beneficial ownership reveals who truly controls value and voting power, affecting corporate decisions and takeover dynamics.

Registration Rights Agreement regulatory

"the Issuer entered into a registration rights agreement with GSAI BV (the "Registration Rights Agreement")"

A registration rights agreement is a contract that gives investors the option to have their ownership stakes officially registered with the government, making it easier to sell their shares later. This agreement matters because it provides investors with a clearer path to cash out their investments if they choose, offering more liquidity and confidence in their ability to sell their holdings when desired.

Term Facility Agreement financial

"under the previously disclosed Term Facility Agreement, dated November 8, 2023"

A term facility agreement is a legally binding loan contract that gives a borrower a fixed amount of money to be repaid over a set schedule with agreed interest and conditions, like a long-term mortgage for a company. Investors care because its size, interest cost, repayment timeline and rules about company behavior affect cash flow, credit risk and potential need for more financing or asset sales, and therefore influence share value and risk.

Term Loan Facility Amendment financial

"entered into an amendment (the "Term Loan Facility Amendment") to the previously disclosed Term Facility Agreement"

commercially reasonable efforts regulatory

"and to use commercially reasonable efforts to have the registration statement declared effective"

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Available on EDGAR 07/02/2026 - 04:32 PM Accepted by SEC EDGAR 07/02/2026 - 04:30 PM Learn about SEC filing dates

FAQ

What major transactions did Polestar (PSNY) disclose in this Schedule 13D/A amendment?

Polestar’s filing shows Geely Sweden Automotive Investment B.V. converting about $300 million of debt into 15,511,892 Class A ADSs and Snita Holding B.V. converting roughly $66 million into 3,864,300 ADSs, replacing a portion of the company’s loan obligations with equity held by existing strategic investors.

How much of Polestar (PSNY) does Eric Li report owning in this filing?

Eric Li reports beneficial ownership of 99,358,168 shares, representing 60.5% of Polestar’s relevant class. This majority stake, based on 163,283,710 Class A ADSs and 996,419 Class B ADSs outstanding, underscores continued control by Geely-affiliated interests after the debt-to-equity conversions described.

What is Volvo Car Corporation’s reported stake in Polestar (PSNY)?

Volvo Car Corporation reports beneficial ownership of 32,691,731 shares, equal to 19.9% of the class. Related entity Snita Holding B.V. also reports 32,691,731 shares at 19.9%, reflecting Volvo’s sizeable but non-controlling strategic interest alongside Geely-linked reporting persons described in the amendment.

How many Polestar (PSNY) ADSs are outstanding according to this Schedule 13D/A?

The filing states that ownership percentages are calculated using 163,283,710 Class A American Depositary Shares and 996,419 Class B ADSs outstanding. These figures provide the base against which stakes like Eric Li’s 60.5% and Volvo-related entities’ roughly 19–20% holdings are computed.

What registration rights did Polestar (PSNY) grant to Geely Sweden Automotive Investment B.V.?

Polestar entered a registration rights agreement requiring it to file an SEC registration statement for GSAI B.V.’s securities within 90 days, then use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain effectiveness within 90 days of that deadline, or 120 days if the SEC reviews the filing, facilitating potential resales.

How was Polestar’s term loan facility with Geely amended in June 2026?

The amendment to the December Term Facility extends its maturity to June 30, 2027 and increases the margin from 3.0% to 3.2% for future interest periods. This keeps committed funding in place for longer while slightly raising the cost of that borrowing for Polestar.

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 13D

Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

(Amendment No. 15)

Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC

(Name of Issuer)

Class A American Depositary Shares, Class A Ordinary Shares, par value $0.01 each

(Title of Class of Securities)

731105201

(CUSIP Number)

Zhejiang Geely Holding Group
No. 1760 Jiangling Road,, Binjiang District
Hangzhou, F4, 3100 51
86-571-2809-8282

(Name, Address and Telephone Number of Person Authorized to Receive Notices and Communications)

06/30/2026

(Date of Event Which Requires Filing of This Statement)

If the filing person has previously filed a statement on Schedule 13G to report the acquisition that is the subject of this Schedule 13D, and is filing this schedule because of §§ 240.13d-1(e), 240.13d-1(f) or 240.13d-1(g), check the following box.

The information required on the remainder of this cover page shall not be deemed to be "filed" for the purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ("Act") or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section of the Act but shall be subject to all other provisions of the Act (however, see the Notes).

schemaVersion:

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

Eric Li

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

CHINA

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 108,325,939.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 99,358,168.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

99,358,168.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

60.5 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

IN

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

VOLVO CAR CORPORATION

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

SWEDEN

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 32,691,731.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 32,691,731.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

32,691,731.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

19.9 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

PSD INVESTMENT LIMITED

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

VIRGIN ISLANDS, BRITISH

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 42,917,431.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 33,949,660.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

33,949,660.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

20.7 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

PSD CAPITAL LIMITED

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

VIRGIN ISLANDS, BRITISH

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 42,917,431.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 33,949,660.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

33,949,660.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

20.7 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

SNITA HOLDING B.V.

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

AF, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

NETHERLANDS

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 32,691,731.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 32,691,731.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

32,691,731.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

19.9 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

VOLVO CAR AB

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

SWEDEN

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 32,691,731.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 0.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 32,691,731.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

32,691,731.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

19.9 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

GEELY SWEDEN HOLDINGS AB

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

SWEDEN

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 65,408,508.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 65,408,508.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

65,408,508.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

39.8 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

SHANGHAI GEELY ZHAOYUAN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT CO., LTD

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

CHINA

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 65,408,508.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 65,408,508.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

65,408,508.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

39.8 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

BEIJING GEELY WANYUAN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT CO., LTD

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

CHINA

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 65,408,508.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 65,408,508.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

65,408,508.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

39.8 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

BEIJING GEELY KAISHENG INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT CO., LTD

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

CHINA

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 65,408,508.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 65,408,508.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

65,408,508.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

39.8 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP COMPANY LIMITED

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

CHINA

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 65,408,508.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 65,408,508.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

65,408,508.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

39.8 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

CUSIP Number(s): 731105201

1

Name of reporting person

GEELY SWEDEN AUTOMOTIVE INVESTMENT B.V.

2

Check the appropriate box if a member of a Group (See Instructions)

(a)
(b)

3

SEC use only

4

Source of funds (See Instructions)

WC, OO

5

Check if disclosure of legal proceedings is required pursuant to Items 2(d) or 2(e)

6

Citizenship or place of organization

NETHERLANDS

Number of Shares Beneficially Owned by Each Reporting Person With:

7	Sole Voting Power 32,250,434.00
8	Shared Voting Power 0.00
9	Sole Dispositive Power 32,250,434.00
10	Shared Dispositive Power 0.00

11

Aggregate amount beneficially owned by each reporting person

32,250,434.00

12

Check if the aggregate amount in Row (11) excludes certain shares (See Instructions)

13

Percent of class represented by amount in Row (11)

19.6 %

14

Type of Reporting Person (See Instructions)

CO

SCHEDULE 13D

Item 1.	Security and Issuer
(a)	Title of Class of Securities: Class A American Depositary Shares, Class A Ordinary Shares, par value $0.01 each
(b)	Name of Issuer: Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC
(c)	Address of Issuer's Principal Executive Offices: Assar Gabrielssons Vag 9, Gothenburg, SWEDEN , 405 31.
Item 1 Comment: This Amendment No. 15 to Schedule 13D ("Amendment No. 15") amends and supplements the Statement on Schedule 13D filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on July 7, 2022 (as amended to date, the "Statement"), relating to Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.01 per share (the "Class A Shares"), of Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC, a limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the "Issuer"). Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meaning set forth in the Statement.
Item 3.	Source and Amount of Funds or Other Consideration
	Item 3 of the Statement is hereby amended and supplemented by inserting the following: Item 4 of this Statement is hereby incorporated by reference into this Item 3.
Item 4.	Purpose of Transaction
	Item 4 of the Statement is hereby amended and supplemented by inserting the following: June 2026 Conversions On June 29, 2026, Geely Sweden Automotive Investment AB ("GSAI AB") transferred to Geely Sweden Automotive Investment B.V. ("GSAI BV") its rights as lender with respect to all outstanding principal and interest owed by the Issuer under the previously disclosed Term Facility Agreement, dated November 8, 2023 (the "Term Facility Agreement"). On June 30, 2026, GSAI BV converted approximately $300 million of such outstanding principal and interest into 15,511,892 Class A ADSs of the Issuer. Immediately after the conversion, Snita Holding B.V. converted approximately $66 million of its outstanding principal and interest owed by the Issuer under the previously disclosed Snita Term Loan Facility (as defined in Amendment No. 14) into 3,864,300 Class A ADSs of the Issuer. The shares held by Snita Holding B.V. are subject to a registration rights agreement entered into on September 27, 2021 (as subsequently amended, the "2021 Registration Rights Agreement"), which was filed as an exhibit to the Schedule 13D filed on July 7, 2022. Registration Rights Agreement On June 30, 2026, the Issuer entered into a registration rights agreement with GSAI BV (the "Registration Rights Agreement"), pursuant to which the Issuer has agreed to file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), covering the resale of the securities no later than 90 days following the entry into the Registration Rights Agreement and to use commercially reasonable efforts to have the registration statement declared effective by the SEC as soon as practicable after filing but no later than the 90th calendar day following the filing deadline for the registration statement, provided that if the SEC notifies the Issuer that it will "review" the registration statement, then the deadline shall be extended to 120 calendar days after the filing deadline. Term Loan Facility Amendment On June 3, 2026, the Issuer and Geely Sweden Automotive Investment AB entered into an amendment (the "Term Loan Facility Amendment") to the previously disclosed Term Facility Agreement, dated December 16, 2025 (the "December Term Facility"), to extend the term of the December Term Facility to June 30, 2027 and change the margin of the December Term Facility from 3.0% to 3.2% with effect from the next Interest Period following the General Effective Date (as defined in the Term Loan Facility Amendment). The foregoing description of the Registration Rights Agreement and Term Loan Facility Amendment do not purport to be complete, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to such agreements, which are attached as exhibits to this Statement and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 5.	Interest in Securities of the Issuer
(a)	Item 5(a) of the Statement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows: The information contained on the cover pages to this Statement is incorporated herein by reference. The percentages of beneficial ownership set forth herein are based on (i) 163,283,710 Class A ADSs and (ii) 996,419 Class B ADSs, issued and outstanding as disclosed by the Issuer.
(b)	Item 5(b) of the Statement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows: The information contained on the cover pages to this Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
(c)	Item 5(c) of the Statement is hereby amended and supplemented as follows: Except as described herein, the Reporting Persons have not effected any transactions in the Issuer's Shares in the last 60 days.
(d)	None.
(e)	Not applicable.
Item 6.	Contracts, Arrangements, Understandings or Relationships With Respect to Securities of the Issuer
	Item 6 of the Statement is hereby amended and supplemented by inserting the following: Item 4 above summarizes certain provisions of the Registration Rights Agreement and the Term Loan Facility Amendment and are incorporated herein by reference. A copy of such agreements are filed as exhibits to this Statement and incorporated herein by reference. Except as set forth herein, none of the Reporting Persons has any contracts, arrangements, understandings or relationships (legal or otherwise) with any person with respect to any securities of the Issuer, including, but not limited to, any contracts, arrangements, understandings or relationships concerning the transfer or voting of such securities, finder's fees, joint ventures, loan or option arrangements, puts or calls, guarantees of profits, division of profits or losses, or the giving or withholding of proxies.
Item 7.	Material to be Filed as Exhibits.
	Item 7 of the Statement is hereby amended and supplemented by inserting the following: Exhibit 8: Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2026, by and between Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC and Geely Sweden Automotive Investment B.V. Exhibit 9: Amendment Letter, dated as of June 3, 2026, by and between Geely Sweden Automotive Investment AB and Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC, to the Term Facility Agreement dated December 16, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of the Issuer's Form 6-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 3, 2026).

SIGNATURE

After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I certify that the information set forth in this statement is true, complete and correct.

Eric Li

Signature:	/s/ Eric Li
Name/Title:	Eric Li (Shufu Li)
Date:	07/02/2026

VOLVO CAR CORPORATION

Signature:	/s/ Fredrik Hansson
Name/Title:	Fredrik Hansson, Director & Authorized Signatory
Date:	07/02/2026

Signature:	/s/ Helen Hu
Name/Title:	Helen Hu, Director & Authorized Signatory
Date:	07/02/2026

PSD INVESTMENT LIMITED

Signature:	/s/ Shufu Li
Name/Title:	Shufu Li, Sole Director
Date:	07/02/2026

PSD CAPITAL LIMITED

Signature:	/s/ Shufu Li
Name/Title:	Shufu Li, Sole Director
Date:	07/02/2026

SNITA HOLDING B.V.

Signature:	/s/ Fredrik Hansson
Name/Title:	Fredrik Hansson, Director & Authorized Signatory
Date:	07/02/2026

Signature:	/s/ Helen Hu
Name/Title:	Helen Hu, Director & Authorized Signatory
Date:	07/02/2026

VOLVO CAR AB

Signature:	/s/ Fredrik Hansson
Name/Title:	Fredrik Hansson, Authorized Signatory
Date:	07/02/2026

Signature:	/s/ Helen Hu
Name/Title:	Helen Hu, Authorized Signatory
Date:	07/02/2026

GEELY SWEDEN HOLDINGS AB

Signature:	/s/ Shufu Li
Name/Title:	Shufu Li, Director
Date:	07/02/2026

Signature:	/s/ Donghui Li
Name/Title:	Donghui Li, Director
Date:	07/02/2026

SHANGHAI GEELY ZHAOYUAN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT CO., LTD

Signature:	/s/ Quang Zhang
Name/Title:	Quan Zhang, Director
Date:	07/02/2026

BEIJING GEELY WANYUAN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT CO., LTD

Signature:	/s/ Quan Zhang
Name/Title:	Quan Zhang, Director
Date:	07/02/2026

BEIJING GEELY KAISHENG INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT CO., LTD

Signature:	/s/ Quan Zhang
Name/Title:	Quan Zhang, Director
Date:	07/02/2026

ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP COMPANY LIMITED

Signature:	/s/ Conghui An
Name/Title:	Conghui An, Legal Representative & Director
Date:	07/02/2026

GEELY SWEDEN AUTOMOTIVE INVESTMENT B.V.

Signature:	/s/ Per Ansgar
Name/Title:	Per Ansgar, Director
Date:	07/02/2026

Signature:	/s/ Quan Zhang
Name/Title:	Quan Zhang, Director
Date:	07/02/2026